... Cethromycin was also shown to accelerate gastric emptying and propulsion time in mice, and emesis and loose stools/diarrhea were reported in ...

It has been suggested that there could be three possible mechanisms of gastric dysfunction in patients with FD: (i) delayed gastric emptying, (ii) impaired gastric accommodation of food intake, and (iii) hypersensitivity to gastric distention. Postprandial fullness seems to be the most severe ...

Objective:To establish the relation between vagus nerve dysfunction, gastric emptying, and antireflux surgery.Summary Background Data:Delayed gastric emptying occurs in up to 40% of reflux patients. After antireflux surgery, gastric emptying becomes normal or is even ...

The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 and PC6 points on solid gastric emptying and dyspeptic symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia. Nineteen patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) were involved in the study, consisting of two parts: (1) acute effects of EA on solid gastric ...

Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has recently been shown to have a motilin like effect on gastrointestinal muscle strips. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of erythromycin on patients with delayed gastric emptying and healthy subjects using the dual radionuclide technique. Twelve patients with gastroparesis diabeticorum and ten healthy age- ...

Background/AimsCurrent therapy for gastroparesis with prokinetic agents is limited by options and side effects. One macrolide, erythromycin (ERY), is associated with possible sudden cardiac death from QT prolongation due to P450 iso-enzyme inhibition. An alternative, azithromycin (AZI), lacks P450 inhibition. We compared the effect on gastric emptying ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on rectal distension (RD)-induced delay in solid gastric emptying in dogs. Gastric emptying of solids was assessed in 12 dogs chronically implanted with a duodenal cannula by collecting samples at different time points ...

Chronic stress is associated with gastrointestinal functional diseases. Although the pathophysiology seems to be associated with gastrointestinal motility, their mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated gastric emptying and chemical mediators under conditions of continuous stress, which were produced using 8-week-old male Wistar rats kept in a cage ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether osmolality, volume, or energy density affects gastric emptying rate (GE); whether simultaneously decreasing osmolality and increasing volume accelerates GE; and whether GE is related to any clinical and/or demographic characteristics. STUDY DESIGN: GE was measured us...

Duodenum electrical stimulation (DES) has been shown to delay gastric emptying and reduce food intake in dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DES on gastric emptying, small bowel transit and food intake in pigs, a large animal model of obesity. The study consisted of three experiments ...

The role of endogenous opioids and cholecystokinin (CCK) in gastric emptying was investigated in mice killed 30 min after gavage with /sup 51/Cr-radiolabeled liquid meals. The meals consisted of 0.5 ml of milk or one of five synthetic meals containing arabic gum, glucose and/or arachis oil and/or casein. Naloxone (0.1 mg/kg sc) significantly (P less than ...

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to test the effect of different pulse frequencies and amplitudes during gastric stimulation (GS) on gastric emptying in the rat.MethodsGS was performed in 2 groups of laparotomized rats: healthy control animals, and rats with acute diabetes. The effects of four pulse frequencies (0.5, 1, 10, 20 Hz) ...

The effect of xylitol and glucose on the rate of gastric emptying and intestinal transit and on motilin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and insulin release were studied in human volunteers. A single oral dose of 200 mL water containing 30 g glucose or 30 g xylitol, mixed with a /sup 99m/technetium-tin (99mTc-Sn) colloid, was ...

Orlistat, an inhibitor of digestive lipases, is widely used for the treatment of obesity. Previous reports on the effect of orally ingested orlistat together with a meal on gastric emptying and secretion of gut peptides that modulate postprandial responses are controversial. We investigated the effect of ingested orlistat on gastric ...

Impaired gastric accommodation and gastric dysrhythmia are common in gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia. Recent studies have shown that synchronized gastric electrical stimulation (SGES) accelerates gastric emptying and enhances antral contractions in dogs. The aim of ...

Abnormal gastric motility has been suggested as a possible causative factor for acute gastric dilatation observed in nonhuman primates. To evaluate gastric motility in a colony, fasting serum gastrin immunoreactivity and gastric emptying times were assess...

The effects of acoustic and cold stress on gastric emptying and intestinal transit were evaluated in mice treated with saline, diazepam, muscimol, propranolol, and naloxone using a radiolabeled chromium test meal. Acoustic stress (AS) was produced by playing music from a magnetic tape through loudspeakers (less than 86 dB) in a confined box at room ...

Background? Our primary goals were to investigate the effects of two-channel gastric pacing on gastric myoelectrical activity, and energy consumption with the secondary intent to monitor gastric emptying and symptoms in patients with severe diabetic gastroparesis. Methods? Four pairs of temporary pacing wires were ...

Levosulpiride is a sulpiride isomer that exerts its prokinetic action through a dual mechanism: 1) as a D(2) dopamine receptor antagonist and 2) as a serotonin 5HT(4) receptor agonist, conferring this drug with a cholinergic effect. At a dosage of 25mg three times daily, levosulpiride accelerates gastric and gallbladder emptying. ...

A 15-day course of Naloxone treatment was given to a patient with intestinal pseudoobstruction who had previously undergone subtotal colectomy with terminal ileostomy for invalidating constipation. The effects of the drug were assessed according to symptoms, by recording the myoelectric activity of the stomach, and by measuring gastric emptying of a ...

BACKGROUND: Coarse bran is known to accelerate transit through the whole gut and to increase stool weight. This effect is much reduced by grinding the bran, suggesting that particle size influences gut motor patterns. AIMS: To compare the effect of 15 g coarse bran with 15 g inert plastic particles and 7 g of ispaghula on the gastric ...

ObjectivesAccelerated gastric emptying (including dumping syndrome) occurs frequently after gastric resections, largely resulting from rapid entry of meal contents into the small intestine. The authors hypothesized that an ileocecal segment used as an interpositional graft placed between the remaining part of the ...

Gastric emptying of solids has been studied for 20 normal volunteers using Tc-99m-sulfur-colloid labeled chicken liver or eggs. Residual gastric activity measured in 15 min intervals for 2 1/2 hrs was used to calculate gastric emptying. The procedure was proposed and is used to examine patients ...

BackgroundWe have demonstrated previously that in vivo supplementation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH₄); a co-factor for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) significantly restored delayed gastric emptying and attenuated nitrergic relaxation in diabetic rat. In this study, we have investigated whether supplementation of sepiapterin ...

Alcohol (ethanol) is absorbed slowly from the stomach and rapidly from the small intestine, and the rate of its absorption depends on the rate of gastric emptying. When gastric emptying is fast, the absorption of alcohol is fast. When gastric emptying is slow the absorption ...

Gastric and esophageal emptying were assessed using scintigraphic techniques in 12 patients with progressive systemic sclerosis and 22 normal volunteers. Esophageal emptying was significantly delayed in the patient group, with 7 of the 12 patients beyond the normal range. Gastric emptying was ...

The antidyspeptic property of mineral waters has for many years been based on empirical data. In the present paper we evaluated the effects of one type of mineral water, Tettuccio water from Montecatini, on gastric emptying in patients with idiopathic dyspepsia. Fourteen subjects, eight patients with idiopathic dyspepsia and delayed ...

The time-activity curve of gastric emptying of milk was evaluated in 49 infants and children who were also being evaluated for gastrointestinal reflux. After oral ingestion of technetium-99m sulfur colloid in a milk formula, the normal 1 hr were determined. Normal gastric emptying in infants was 48% (+/- 16%) and ...

Background/AimsThe effects of Histamine-2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors on the gastrointestinal motility have not yet been sufficiently investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of intravenous bolus administration of famotidine and omeprazole on the rate of gastric emptying using the continuous ...

A prospective randomized trial of 40 duodenal ulcer patients is reviewed. The patients had one of four operations (selective vagotomy, proximal gastric vagotomy, selective vagotomy plus pyloroplasty, or proximal gastric vagotomy plus pyloroplasty). The gastric emptying of a hypertonic fluid meal was assessed before ...

IntroductionThe majority of cases of post-prandial reactive hypoglycemia are considered idiopathic. Abnormalities of B-cell function and glucose regulation by insulin and glucagon have been postulated as causes but associated gastrointestinal dysfunction has not been reported. We report the first case of accelerated gastric emptying ...