BACKGROUND & AIMSThe NF-?B/IKK? pathway has been shown to represent a key link between inflammation and cancer, inducing pro-inflammatory cytokines in myeloid cells and antiapoptotic pathways in epithelial cells. However, the role of NF-?B pathway in gastric carcinogenesis and injury has not been well defined. We derived mice with a conditional knockout of Ikk? in ...

... Cethromycin was also shown to accelerate gastric emptying and propulsion time in mice, and emesis and loose stools/diarrhea were reported in ...

Impaired gastric accommodation and gastric dysrhythmia are common in gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia. Recent studies have shown that synchronized gastric electrical stimulation (SGES) accelerates gastric emptying and enhances antral contractions in dogs. The aim of this study was to ...

Background: Previous studies have shown that administration of obestatin exhibits a protective effect in the pancreas, attenuating the development of acute pancreatitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of obestatin administration on the healing of chronic gastric ulcers.
Material/Methods: Chronic gastric ulcers ...

It is important in treatment of gastric ulcers to not only prevent further ulcer formation but also enhance ulcer healing. When cells are exposed to gastric irritants, expression of heat shock proteins (HSPs) is induced, making the cells resistant to the irritants. We recently reported direct evidence that HSPs, especially HSP70, are preventive against ...

It has been suggested that there could be three possible mechanisms of gastric dysfunction in patients with FD: (i) delayed gastric emptying, (ii) impaired gastric accommodation of food intake, and (iii) hypersensitivity to gastric distention. Postprandial fullness seems to be the most severe symptom in patients ...

AIM: To investigate EP4-selective agonist effect on indomethacin-induced gastric lesions and on the spontaneous healing of chronic gastric ulcers.METHODS: In a mouse model of gastric bleeding with high dose of indomethacin (20 mg/kg), an EP4-selective agonist was administered orally. Stomach lesions and gastric ...

We have reported that LG21 yogurt containing Lactobacillus gasseri OLL 2716 (LG21 yogurt) inhibits the formation of HCl-induced acute gastric lesions through the generation of prostaglandin E?. This study aimed to determine the role of viable Lactobacillus in the healing of acetic acid-induced chronic gastric ulcer. LG21 yogurt or ?-ray radiated LG21 ...

Background? Our primary goals were to investigate the effects of two-channel gastric pacing on gastric myoelectrical activity, and energy consumption with the secondary intent to monitor gastric emptying and symptoms in patients with severe diabetic gastroparesis. Methods? Four pairs of temporary pacing wires were inserted on the ...

Effects of carbenoxolone Na on acute or chronic types of gastric lesions or ulcer models produced in rats, guinea pigs, or dogs were studied. Carbenoxolone Na, given either orally or intraperitoneally, produced a significant inhibition of stress-induced gastric lesions in intact or in pylorus-ligated rats. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)-induced or ...

The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 and PC6 points on solid gastric emptying and dyspeptic symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia. Nineteen patients with functional dyspepsia (FD) were involved in the study, consisting of two parts: (1) acute effects of EA on solid gastric emptying in FD ...

Recent studies demonstrated that experimental ulcers are associated with changes in the properties of voltage-sensitive sodium currents in sensory neurons. We hypothesized that nerve growth factor (NGF) contributes to these changes. Gastric ulcers were induced by acetic acid injection into the wall of the rat stomach. NGF expression was determined by ELISA and ...

The effect of xylitol and glucose on the rate of gastric emptying and intestinal transit and on motilin, gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP), and insulin release were studied in human volunteers. A single oral dose of 200 mL water containing 30 g glucose or 30 g xylitol, mixed with a /sup 99m/technetium-tin (99mTc-Sn) colloid, was used. Similar dosing ...

Erythromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, has recently been shown to have a motilin like effect on gastrointestinal muscle strips. In this study, we have evaluated the effect of erythromycin on patients with delayed gastric emptying and healthy subjects using the dual radionuclide technique. Twelve patients with gastroparesis diabeticorum and ten healthy age- and sex-matched ...

Rebamipide accelerates healing of gastric ulcers and gastritis but its actions on gastric cancer are not known. Survivin, an anti-apoptosis protein, is overexpressed in stem, progenitor, and cancer cells. In gastric cancer, increased and sustained survivin expression provides survival advantage and facilitates ...

Objective:To establish the relation between vagus nerve dysfunction, gastric emptying, and antireflux surgery.Summary Background Data:Delayed gastric emptying occurs in up to 40% of reflux patients. After antireflux surgery, gastric emptying becomes normal or is even accelerated. Occasionally, severe ...

Chronic stress is associated with gastrointestinal functional diseases. Although the pathophysiology seems to be associated with gastrointestinal motility, their mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated gastric emptying and chemical mediators under conditions of continuous stress, which were produced using 8-week-old male Wistar rats kept in a cage filled with water to 2 cm ...

OBJECTIVES: To determine whether osmolality, volume, or energy density affects gastric emptying rate (GE); whether simultaneously decreasing osmolality and increasing volume accelerates GE; and whether GE is related to any clinical and/or demographic characteristics. STUDY DESIGN: GE was measured us...

Duodenum electrical stimulation (DES) has been shown to delay gastric emptying and reduce food intake in dogs. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of DES on gastric emptying, small bowel transit and food intake in pigs, a large animal model of obesity. The study consisted of three experiments (gastric emptying, small ...

BackgroundWe have demonstrated previously that in vivo supplementation of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH₄); a co-factor for neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) significantly restored delayed gastric emptying and attenuated nitrergic relaxation in diabetic rat. In this study, we have investigated whether supplementation of sepiapterin (SEP), a precursor for ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on rectal distension (RD)-induced delay in solid gastric emptying in dogs. Gastric emptying of solids was assessed in 12 dogs chronically implanted with a duodenal cannula by collecting samples at different time points from the cannula and measuring the dried ...

Background/AimsCurrent therapy for gastroparesis with prokinetic agents is limited by options and side effects. One macrolide, erythromycin (ERY), is associated with possible sudden cardiac death from QT prolongation due to P450 iso-enzyme inhibition. An alternative, azithromycin (AZI), lacks P450 inhibition. We compared the effect on gastric emptying half-times (t�) between ...

Zinc has been reported to exert a gastroprotective action against various experimental gastric lesions suggesting that this trace element is involved in the integrity of the gastric mucosa. Compounds containing zinc, such as polaprezinc, were developed in Japan and used as an antiulcer drugs in the treatment of human peptic ulcer disease. However, the ...

Many clinicians have believed that H2-blockers and proton pump inhibitors ameliorate gastric ulcers via their antacid function. We examined the effects of these antacids on granulocytes. Gastric ulcer patients were administered an H2-blocker or proton pump inhibitor for a week and the number of granulocytes and the superoxide production were examined. To ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the protective action of rice extract on ethanol-induced mucosal damage in vivo and wound healing of epithelial cells in vitro. Also, the effect of rice extract on gastric mucosal prostaglandin E(2) level, HSP72 expression, gastric acid secretion, and contribution of vanilloid receptor-mediated action was studied. ...

The bark of Croton cajucara Benth. (Euphorbiaceae) is used widely in Amazonian folk medicine for the treatment of a wide range of gastrointestinal symptoms. Infusions of C. cajucara bark contain dehydrocrotonin (DHC), the furan diterpene, and an essential oil, a rich mixture of sesquiterpenes. Although the antiulcerogenic activity of the essential oil has been studied in different ...

Orlistat, an inhibitor of digestive lipases, is widely used for the treatment of obesity. Previous reports on the effect of orally ingested orlistat together with a meal on gastric emptying and secretion of gut peptides that modulate postprandial responses are controversial. We investigated the effect of ingested orlistat on gastric emptying and plasma ...

The role of endogenous opioids and cholecystokinin (CCK) in gastric emptying was investigated in mice killed 30 min after gavage with /sup 51/Cr-radiolabeled liquid meals. The meals consisted of 0.5 ml of milk or one of five synthetic meals containing arabic gum, glucose and/or arachis oil and/or casein. Naloxone (0.1 mg/kg sc) significantly (P less than 0.01) ...

BACKGROUND: Coarse bran is known to accelerate transit through the whole gut and to increase stool weight. This effect is much reduced by grinding the bran, suggesting that particle size influences gut motor patterns. AIMS: To compare the effect of 15 g coarse bran with 15 g inert plastic particles and 7 g of ispaghula on the gastric emptying and small ...

BackgroundThe aim of this study was to test the effect of different pulse frequencies and amplitudes during gastric stimulation (GS) on gastric emptying in the rat.MethodsGS was performed in 2 groups of laparotomized rats: healthy control animals, and rats with acute diabetes. The effects of four pulse frequencies (0.5, 1, 10, 20 Hz) and three pulse ...

Oral administration of tea catechin dose-dependently prevented absolute ethanol-induced (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) or restraint plus water immersion stress-induced acute gastric mucosal injury (300, 400 mg/kg) in rats. When the effect of test compound was evaluated on the 15th day after acetic acid injection to rats, repeated oral administration of tea catechin (25, 50, 100 mg/kg ...

This study examines gastric acetic ulcer healing in the rat after administration of honey, royal jelly and propolis into the stomach. Chronic gastric ulcers were induced in male Wistar rats by the application of 100% acetic acid to the serosal surface of the stomach on 60 sec. Bee-keeping products were administrated into the stomach from 2nd to 7th day ...

Studies have shown that early enteral nutrition in critically ill patients reduces the incidence of morbidity and death. Nonetheless, intolerance to gastric enteral nutrition is common in these patients as a result of gastroparesis. The use of prokinetic agents such as metoclopramide, domperidone, cisapride, and erythromycin can improve gastric emptying, ...

Suppression of gastric acid secretion is widely used and logical for the treatment of acid-related diseases. Healing of duodenal ulcer, gastric ulcer and gastroesophageal reflux disease is correlated significantly with the degree and the duration of suppression of intragastric acidity over 24 hours and with the length of the treatment. To date, proton pump ...

The microcapsules with entrapped herbal water-soluble extracts Plantago major and Calendula officinalis L. (HE) were prepared by LbL-adsorption of carrageenan and modificated chitosan onto CaCO3 microparticles with their subsequent dissolving after the treatment of EDTA. Entrapment of HE was performed by adsorption and co-precipitation techniques. The co-precipitation provided better entrapment of ...

Levosulpiride is a sulpiride isomer that exerts its prokinetic action through a dual mechanism: 1) as a D(2) dopamine receptor antagonist and 2) as a serotonin 5HT(4) receptor agonist, conferring this drug with a cholinergic effect. At a dosage of 25mg three times daily, levosulpiride accelerates gastric and gallbladder emptying. Clinical trials have shown ...

IntroductionThe majority of cases of post-prandial reactive hypoglycemia are considered idiopathic. Abnormalities of B-cell function and glucose regulation by insulin and glucagon have been postulated as causes but associated gastrointestinal dysfunction has not been reported. We report the first case of accelerated gastric emptying associated with ...

Chloride channels modulate gastrointestinal neuromuscular functions in vitro. Lubiprostone, a selective type 2 chloride channel (ClC-2) activator, induces intestinal secretion and has been shown to relieve constipation in clinical trials; however, the effects of lubiprostone on gastric function and whole gut transit in humans are unclear. Our aim was to compare the effects of ...