... Accession Number : ADA374111. Title : Novel Mechanisms of Mammary Oncogenesis by Human Adenovirus Type 9. Descriptive ...
DTIC Science & Technology
... Descriptors : *MAMMARY GLANDS, *DIOXINS, *ONCOGENESIS, NEOPLASMS, MEDICAL RESEARCH, PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, RECEPTOR SITES ...
... Accession Number : ADA387726. Title : Novel Mechanism of Mammary Oncogenesis by Human Adenovirus Type 9. Descriptive Note : Annual rept. ...
... HYDROCARBONS, *CELLS(BIOLOGY), *RECEPTOR SITES(PHYSIOLOGY), *MAMMARY GLANDS, *DIOXINS, *ONCOGENESIS, EPITHELIUM ...
... Descriptors : *ADENOVIRUSES, *BREAST CANCER, LIPIDS, PROTEINS, NEOPLASMS, CELLS(BIOLOGY), MAMMARY GLANDS ...
... METABOLITES, MAMMARY GLANDS, IMMUNOCHEMISTRY, FATTY ACIDS, HISTOCHEMISTRY, LINOLEIC ACID, ONCOGENESIS. ...
... CYCLES, PERTURBATIONS, MARKERS, INHIBITORS, MODULATION, CULTURE, BIOSYNTHESIS, NUCLEOTIDES, PURINES, ONCOGENESIS. ...
... gland and have aided in the identification of gene targets in Beta-catenin- mediated mammary oncogenesis. Descriptors : *MAMMARY GLANDS, * ...
The purpose of this grant was to study mammary oncogenesis in transgenic mice that expressed a virus-derived growth factor, Shope growth factor (SGF), which resembles epidermal growth factor (EGF). Shope growth factor (SGF). Lines of SGF transgenic mice e...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The purpose of this grant is to define interactions between stroma and epithelium in mammary oncogenesis in mice transgenic for Shope growth factor (SGF). Different lines of SGF transgenic mice express this EGF-like cytokine using inducible (metallothione...
The purpose of this grant is to define interactions between mammary stroma and epithelium in oncogenesis in transgenic mice expressing Shope growth factor (SGF). Different lines of SGF transgenic mice express this EGF-like cytokine using inducible (metall...
... Children's Hospital ... wnt genes encode a large family of secreted signaling molecules essential for development and oncogenesis. ...
... CANCER, EPITHELIUM, STIMULATION(PHYSIOLOGY), PROTEINS, GENES, MAMMARY GLANDS, GROWTH(PHYSIOLOGY), ONCOGENESIS. ...
... Abstract : Human adenovirus type 9 is unique among ... ADENOVIRUSES, *BREAST CANCER, MEMBRANES(BIOLOGY), RATS, PEPTIDES ...
... Descriptors : *MAMMARY GLANDS, *SOYBEANS, *SOY PROTEIN, *BREAST CANCER, *ONCOGENESIS, DELIVERY, TISSUES(BIOLOGY ...
Oxidative stress may play a role in human oncogenesis, including breast cancer. The mitochondria are most common sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for most oxidative stress. This project evaluates the role of mitochondrial abnormalities...
Oxidative stress may play a role in human oncogenesis, including breast cancer. The mitochondria are most frequent sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) responsible for most oxidative stress. This project evaluates the role of mitochondrial abnormaliti...
... ONCOGENESIS, PROTEINS, MUTATIONS, GENES, CELLS(BIOLOGY), GENETICS, MAMMARY GLANDS, SUPPRESSORS, LYMPHOMAS. ...
... EPITHELIUM, *GENES, *IN VIVO ANALYSIS, *MAMMARY GLANDS, *PHOSPHATES, *BREAST CANCER, *ONCOGENESIS, ACTIVATION, ...
WNT GENES ENCODE A LARGE FAMILY OF SECRETED SIGNALING MOLECULES ESSENTIAL FOR DEVELOPMENT AND ONCOGENESIS. WNT-1, THE FOUNDING MEMBER OF THE WNT GENE FAMILY, WAS INITIALLY IDENTIFIED AS AN ONCOGENE. Ectopic wnt-1 expression causes mammary tumorigenesis in...
... Accession Number : ADA541877. Title : Induction and Acceleration of Mammary Tumors by Activated P13 Kinase. Descriptive ...
To understand the multi-step process of mammary tumorigenesis, we have compared gene expression profiles in different stages of mammary oncogenesis in MMTV-Wnt- 1 transgenic mice. Specifically, we have collected tissue samples from virgin mammary glands, ...
This book contains 14 selections. Some of the titles are: Immortalising gene(s) encoded by Epstein-Barr Virus; Adenovirus genes involved in transformation. What determines the oncogenic phenotype.; Oncogenesis by mouse mammary tumour virus; and Transforming ras genes.
Energy Citations Database
The majority of human breast cancers overexpress cyclin Dl. We previously generated mice lacking cyclin Dl using gene targeting. These mice develop essentially normally, revealing that cyclin Dl is dispensable for proliferation of the vast majority of lin...
Inappropriate gene expression and abnormal progression of the cell cycle are intimately linked to oncogenesis and tumor formation. The purpose of this proposal is to examine the role of the PCAF histone acetyltransferase as a co-factor for steroid hormone...
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The central hypothesis of this project is that bcl-2 controls PCD and oncogenesis by altering Ca permeability by the ER/nuclear membranes, mitochondria and/or plasma membrane of mammary epithelial cells. We used fluorescence imaging and electrophysiology ...
... mammary neoplasia. Moreover, mammary glands from MMTV-DLC1- Ser88Ala mice had accelerated involution. Together ...
The epithelium of the mammary gland exists in a highly dynamic state, undergoing dramatic morphogenetic changes during puberty, pregnancy, lactation, and regression. The recent identification of stem and progenitor populations in mouse and human mammary tissue has provided evidence that the mammary epithelium is organized in a ...
PubMed Central
The uniformly lethal development of mammary tumors in polyomavirus-infected adult female nude mice was prevented by adoptive cell transfer of polyomavirus-immune splenocytes or peritoneal cells. Transferred immune cells also lowered the growth rate of emerging tumors. The induction of other relatively less frequent tumors of the skin and bone was decreased as well. Using in ...
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV), which was discovered as a milk-transmitted, infectious cancer-inducing agent in the 1930s, has been used since that time as an animal model for the study of human breast cancer. Like other complex retroviruses, MMTV encodes a number of accessory proteins that both facilitate infection and affect host immune response. In vivo, the virus ...
miRNAs have recently been identified as epigenetic elements that have important roles in development, differentiation, apoptosis and oncogenesis. Altered expression of several miRNAs have been reported in human breast cancers and may be useful in predicti...
Wnt-1 transgenic(TG) mice develop mammary tumors at a high rate by 1 year of age due to mammary gland overexpression of the Wnt-1 oncogene. - We have shown that p53-deficiency accelerates mammary tumorigenesis in these mice, with 100% of p53-1- Wnt-1 TG m...
The PTEN gene is often mutated in primary human tumors and cell lines, but the low rate of somatic PTEN mutation in human breast cancer has led to debate over the role of this tumor suppressor in this disease. The involvement of PTEN in human mammary oncogenesis has been implicated from studies showing that germline PTEN mutation in Cowden disease ...
E-print Network
The progression of breast cancer depends on the establishment of a neovasculature, by a process called angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is an invasive cellular event that requires the co-ordination of numerous molecules including growth factors and their receptors, extracellular proteins, adhesion molecules, and proteolytic enzymes. TGFbeta has emerged to be a major modulator of angiogenesis by ...
PubMed
Alpha Synuclein (?-Syn) is a protein implicated in mechanisms of neuronal degeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). ?-Syn is primarily a neuronal protein, however, its expression is found in various tumors including ovarian, colorectal and melanoma tumors. It has been hypothesized that neurodegeneration may share common mechanisms with oncogenesis. We tested whether ?-Syn ...
Phosphorylation on certain Ser/Thr-Pro motifs is a major oncogenic mechanism. The conformation and function of phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro motifs are further regulated by the prolyl isomerase Pin1. Pin1 is prevalently overexpressed in human cancers and implicated in oncogenesis. However, the role of Pin1 in oncogenesis in vivo is not known. We have shown ...
Breast cancer is the most common cancer diagnosed in American women and results in over 40,000 deaths per year. Our emerging molecular characterization of this disease has made clear that this disease is heterogenous with numerous genetic alterations occurring in many different pathways. While several existing transgenic animal models have proved useful for understanding important aspects of ...
Cancer.gov
... Mammary tumorigenesis is further accelerated in p53-deficient Wnt-1 TG mice generated by mating Wnt-1 TG mice with p53-knockout mice. ...
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a cytokine primarily involved in the regulation of the erythropoiesis. Recently, it has been demonstrated that EPO and its receptor (EPOR) are expressed in several neoplastic cell lines and solid tumors. Furthermore, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that EPO could promote human breast carcinoma growth by means of the binding with its receptor, although a clear ...
The ectopic expression of the Wnt-1 proto-oncogene in Wnt-1 transgenic (Wnt-1 TG) mice results in mammary gland hyperplasia and early adenocarcinoma development. Mammary tumorigenesis is further accelerated in p53-deficient Wnt-1 TG mice generated by mati...
The expression of an enzyme, GnT-V, that catalyzes a specific posttranslational modification of a family of glycoproteins, namely a branched N-glycan, is transcriptionally up-regulated during breast carcinoma oncogenesis. To determine the molecular basis of how early events in breast carcinoma formation are regulated by GnT-V, we studied both the early stages of ...
The mouse mammary gland in whole-organ culture, an in vitro system that is capable of alveolar development, differentiation, involution, and oncogenic transformation, has been used to examine the effects of the retinoid 2-retinylidene-5,5-dimenthyl-1,3-cyclohexanedione (retinylidene dimedone) on epithelial transformation by a low concentration (10 nM) of the carcinogen ...
The mammary gland consists of a polarized epithelium surrounded by a basement membrane matrix that forms a series of branching ducts ending in hollow, sphere-like acini. Essential roles for the epithelial basement membrane during acinar differentiation, in particular laminin and its integrin receptors, have been identified using mammary epithelial cells ...
4-Vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD), an occupational chemical that targets ovarian follicles and accelerates ovarian failure in rodents, was used to test the effect of early-onset reproductive senescence on mammary fibroadenoma formation. One-month female Sprague Dawley rats were dosed with VCD (80mg/kg or 160mg/kg) and monitored for 22 months for ...
RANK ligand (RANKL), a TNF-related molecule, is essential for osteoclast formation, function and survival through interaction with its receptor RANK. Mammary glands of RANK- and RANKL-deficient mice develop normally during sexual maturation, but fail to form lobuloalveolar structures during pregnancy because of defective proliferation and increased apoptosis of ...
IntroductionRetinoic acid signaling pathways are disabled in human breast cancer suggesting a controlling role in normal mammary growth that might be lost in tumorigenesis. We tested a single receptor isotype, RAR?1 (retinoic acid receptor isotype alpha, isoform 1), for its role in mouse mammary gland morphogenesis and mouse mammary ...
NF-?B is constitutively active in many solid tumors, including breast cancer. However, the role of NF-?B in breast carcinogenesis is unknown. Ikk?AA/AA �knockin� mice in which activation of I?B kinase ? (IKK?) is prevented by replacement of activation loop serines with alanines exhibit delayed mammary gland growth during pregnancy, because IKK? ...
... Report Date : FEB 2011. ... Descriptors : *BREAST CANCER, *ONCOGENIC VIRUSES, *CELLS(BIOLOGY), ONCOGENESIS, MASS ...
... FIBROSIS, *NEUROBIOLOGY, MUTATIONS, MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, GENES, CELLS(BIOLOGY), PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, ONCOGENESIS ...
To characterize the role of BRCA1 in mammary gland development and tumor suppression, a transgenic mouse model of BRCA1 overexpression was developed. Using the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter/enhancer, transgenic mice expressing human BRCA1 or select mutant controls were generated. Transgenic animals examined during adolescence were shown to ...
The concept of targeting G1 cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) in breast cancer treatments is supported by the fact that the genetic ablation of Cdk4 had minimal impacts on normal cell proliferation in majority of cell types, resulting in near-normal mouse development, whereas such loss of Cdk4 completely abrogated ErbB-2/neu-induced mammary tumorigenesis ...
Estrogen receptor (ER) is a key regulator of mammary gland development and is also implicated in breast tumorigenesis. Because ER-mediated activities depend critically on coregulator partner proteins, we have investigated the consequences of reduction or loss of function of the coregulator repressor of ER activity (REA) by conditionally deleting one allele or both alleles of ...
Mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) infection establishes chronic germinal centers and a lifelong neutralizing Ab response. We show that removal of the draining lymph node after establishment of the germinal center reaction led to complete loss of neutralizing Abs despite comparable infection levels in peripheral lymphocytes. Importantly, in the absence of neutralization, only ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
We show that the metalloproteinase matrilysin dramatically accelerates the development of neu-induced mammary tumors by decreasing the time to tumor onset and increasing the percent of animals developing tumors. In addition, MMTV-matrilysin transgenic mic...
Current utilization of the linear accelerator as well as 5-year cumulative experience in radiotherapy is presented. Cutaneous lymphomas and mammary gland carcinomas were the prime experience region; however, cancers at other locations were treated with mi...
Serum growth hormone (GH) was suppressed in female rats bearing mammary tumors induced by 7, 12, dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) or N-nitrosomethylurea(NMU). Serum GH was suppressed due to treatment with a human GH analog produced by the plerocercoid stage of the tapeworm Spirometra mansonoides. Rats treated with plerocercoid growth factor (PGF) via plerocercoid infection had ...
We hypothesized that specific activation of a single retinoic acid receptor, RAR? without direct and concurrent activation of RAR? and ?, will inhibit mammary tumor oncogenesis in murine models relevant to human cancer. Fifty uniparous MMTV-neu and 50 nuliparous MMTV-wnt1 transgenic mice were treated with RAR? agonist, (retinobenzoic acid, Am580) added to ...
... Accession Number : ADA546078. Title : Role of Melanin in Oncogenesis. Descriptive Note : Final rept. 1 Feb 2010-31 Jan 2011. ...
... NERVE CELLS, GENES, FIBROBLASTS, CELLS(BIOLOGY), SKIN(ANATOMY), FIBROSIS, PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY, ONCOGENESIS. ...
Epidemiological studies indicate that parity enhances HER2/ErbB2/Neu-induced breast tumorigenesis. Furthermore, recent studies using multiparous, ErbB2/Neu-overexpressing mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV-Neu) mice have shown that parity induces a population of cells that are targeted for ErbB2/Neu-induced transformation. Although parity accelerates ...
The cytokine-transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFB1) is implicated in development of the mammary gland through regulation of epithelial cell proliferation and differentiation during puberty and pregnancy. We compared mammary gland morphogenesis in virgin Tgfb1(+/+), Tgfb1(+/-), and Tgfb1(-/-) mice and transplanted Tgfb1(+/+) and Tgfb1(-/-) epithelium to ...
Cdc25 A and B are dual-specificity phosphatases which have been implicated in neoplastic transformation. Although Cdc25A and Cdc25B have been found to be over-expressed in many cancer cell lines and primary tumors, the physiological roles of Cdc25A and B in vivo are largely undefined. To investigate the roles of these proteins in the oncogenic transformation of the mammary ...
This study examined the development of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced mammary carcinomas in young and old female Lewis rats following short-term treatment with estrogen and progesterone to mimic pregnancy. Rats exposed at 4 weeks of age to MNU were treated at 6 weeks of age (early MNU/young E/P treatment) or at 24 weeks of age (early MNU/old E/P treatment) with a 21-day ...
IntroductionBreast cancer is genetically and clinically a heterogeneous disease. However, the exact contribution of different cell types and oncogenic mutations to this heterogeneity are not well understood. Recently, we discovered an interaction between Wnt and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) within the signaling cascade that regulates cell growth and survival. Interestingly, ...
We have observed that lactating mouse dams nursed 4 times per day (4X) maintained lactation, but had lower milk yields by the weigh-suckle-weigh method, than dams nursed ad libitum (AL). Therefore, we hypothesized that decreased nursing frequency would also decrease lactation persistence, increase m...
Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)
WAPT121 transgenic mice express T121, a trucation mutation of SV40 antigen that binds and inactivates all pRB-related proteins, under control of whey acidic protein (WAP) promoter. T121 expression was detected in the mammary gland (Simin et al., 2004). Transgenic females failed to nurse pups because of lactation defects. Multi-pregnant females developed ...
Spy1A is a unique cell cycle activator known to mediate cell cycle progression and override the DNA damage response. This study focused on determining the role of this protein on postnatal mammary gland morphogenesis and neoplasia. Herein, we show that Spy1A levels are tightly regulated during mammary gland development and that ectopic expression ...
Overexpression and/or amplification of the ErbB-2 oncogene as well as inactivation of the PTEN tumor suppressor are two important genetic events in human breast carcinogenesis. To address the biological impact of conditional inactivation of PTEN on ErbB-2-induced mammary tumorigenesis, we generated a novel transgenic mouse model that utilizes the murine ...
Signalling through the janus kinase (JAK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription (Stat) pathway is required at different stages of mammary gland development, and this pathway is frequently hyper-activated in cancer, including tumours of the breast. Stats 3, 5 and 6 have important roles in the differentiation and survival of mammary alveolar ...
BALB/c mice that developed tumors 7 to 8 months following neonatal infection by polyomavirus (PYV) wild-type strain A2 were characterized with respect to the abundance and integrity of the viral genome in the tumors and in 12 nontumorous organs. These patterns were compared to those found in tumor-free mice infected in parallel. Six mice were analyzed in detail including four sibling females with ...
ASAP3, an Arf GTPase-activating protein previously called DDEFL1 and ACAP4, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma. We have examined in vitro and in vivo functions of ASAP3 and compared it to the related Arf GAP ASAP1 that has also been implicated in oncogenesis. ASAP3 was biochemically similar to ASAP1: the pleckstrin homology domain affected ...
The proapoptotic proteinase inhibitor TIMP-3 is the only molecule of this family thought to influence cell death. We examined epithelial apoptosis in TIMP-3�deficient mice during mammary gland involution. Lactation was not affected by the absence of TIMP-3, but glandular function, as measured by gland-to-body weight ratio and production of ?-casein, was suppressed earlier ...
The proapoptotic proteinase inhibitor TIMP-3 is the only molecule of this family thought to influence cell death. We examined epithelial apoptosis in TIMP-3-deficient mice during mammary gland involution. Lactation was not affected by the absence of TIMP-3, but glandular function, as measured by gland-to-body weight ratio and production of beta-casein, was suppressed earlier ...
The three human TACC (transforming acidic coiled-coil) genes encode a family of proteins with poorly defined functions that are suspected to play a role in oncogenesis. A Xenopus TACC homolog called Maskin is involved in translational control, while Drosophila D-TACC interacts with the microtubule-associated protein MSPS (Mini SPindleS) to ensure proper dynamics of spindle ...
... ENZYMES, PHOSPHORUS TRANSFERASES, ONCOGENESIS, TRANSCRIPTION(GENETICS), NUCLEAR MEDICINE, ESTROGENS, ...
... Title : Telomere Maintenance in the Absence of Telomerase. ... Abstract : Telomere maintenance is critical to oncogenesis. ...
... LEUKEMIA, *CHEMOTHERAPY, *APOPTOSIS, *STEM CELLS, ABLATION, HUMANS, MEDICAL RESEARCH, ONCOGENESIS, ENZYME ...
... Descriptors : *PROSTATE CANCER, *PESTICIDES, BRAIN, ENZYMES, METABOLISM, CALIFORNIA, ONCOGENESIS, VALLEYS, PROSTATE ...
... CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS, CHLOROETHANES, AIR POLLUTION EFFECTS(ANIMALS), ANTHRAQUINONES, ONCOGENESIS. ...
... FUELS, *ONCOGENESIS, *MUTAGENS, *DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS, GENETICS, MICROSOMES, LYMPHOMAS, MICROBIOLOGICAL TESTS ...
... ONCOGENESIS, *JET ENGINE FUELS, ACTIVATION, MICE, CULTURES( BIOLOGY), LYMPHOMAS, SACCHAROMYCETES, SALMONELLA ...
... ACIDS, *MUTAGENS, *NITROGUANIDINE, *ONCOGENESIS, ACTIVATION, CELLS(BIOLOGY), LYMPHOMAS, SALMONELLA TYPHIMURIUM ...
... Descriptors : *TOXIC HAZARDS, *DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS, *ANTHRAQUINONES, *ONCOGENESIS, *MUTAGENS, ACTIVATION, RATS ...
... Descriptors : *LINOLEIC ACID, *BREAST CANCER, *ONCOGENESIS, MOLECULES, METABOLISM, DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS, GENES ...
... LINOLEIC ACID, *BREAST CANCER, *ONCOGENESIS, STRESSES, DAMAGE, MOLECULES, NEUTRAL, LIPIDS, DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACIDS, ...
... Descriptors : *PROSTATE CANCER, LIPIDS, PROTEINS, PLATFORMS, SIGNALS, CHOLESTEROL, ONCOGENESIS, MEMBRANES ...
... that shedding of the extracellular domain of ... effects on the activity of the ... Descriptors : *ENZYMES, *BREAST CANCER, PROTEINS, NEOPLASMS ...
... Descriptors : *CARCINOGENS, *BIOASSAY, *ONCOGENESIS, CADMIUM, PATHOLOGY, LIVER, LYMPHOMAS, TEST AND EVALUATION, HEAVY ...
Cow's milk contains high levels of estrogens, progesterone and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), all of which are associated with breast cancer. We investigated whether prepubertal milk exposure affects mammary gland development and carcinogenesis in rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were given either whole milk or tap water to drink from postnatal day (PND) 14 to PND 35, and ...
Endocrine-active chemicals alter or mimic physiological hormones. These compounds are reported to originate from a wide variety of sources, and recent studies have shown widespread human exposure to several of these compounds. Given the role of the sex steroid hormone, estradiol, in human breast cancer causation, endocrine-active chemicals which interfere with estrogen signaling constitute one ...
PURPOSE: Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease resulting from various molecular alterations, the identification of which should have profound impact on the management of patients. CURRENT KNOWLEDGE AND KEY POINTS: The discovery of germline mutations within breast cancer susceptibility genes, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, which are associated with a major risk of breast cancer during ...
Tissue microenvironment is an important determinant of carcinogenesis. We demonstrate that ionizing radiation, a known carcinogen, affects cancer frequency and characteristics by acting on the microenvironment. Using a mammary chimera model in which an irradiated host is transplanted with oncogenic Trp53 null epithelium, we show accelerated development of ...
BackgroundMMTV-Wnt1 transgenic mice develop mammary hyperplasia early in development, followed by the appearance of solitary mammary tumors with a high proportion of cells expressing early lineage markers and many myoepithelial cells. The occurrence of tumors is accelerated in experiments that activate FGF proto-oncogenes or remove the ...
ObjectiveCombined hormone replacement therapy (HRT) containing estrogen and progestin (medroxyprogesterone acetate [MPA]) leads to increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women, compared with HRT regimens containing estrogen alone, or placebo. We previously reported that, in animal models, progestins can accelerate the development of mammary ...
SnoN is an important negative regulator of transforming growth factor-? (TGF-?) signaling that was originally identified as a transforming oncogene in chicken embryonic fibroblasts. Both pro-oncogenic and antioncogenic activities of SnoN have been reported, but its function in normal epithelial cells has not been defined. In the mouse mammary gland, SnoN is expressed at ...
Heterotrimeric G proteins are molecular switches that control signal transduction, and their dysregulation can promote oncogenesis. Somatic mutations in GNAS, GNAI2 and GNAQ genes induce oncogenesis by rendering G? subunits constitutively activated. Recently the first somatic mutation, arginine(243) ? histidine (R243H) in the GNAO1 (G?o) gene was ...
Genetically defined mouse models offer an important tool to identify critical secondary genetic alterations with relevance to human cancer pathogenesis. We used newly generated MMTV-Cre105Ayn mice to inactivate p53 and/or Rb strictly in the mammary epithelium and to determine recurrent genomic changes associated with deficiencies of these genes. p53 inactivation led to ...
Breast cancer cell lines that express the nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor ? (PPAR?) can be prompted to undergo growth arrest and differentiation when treated with synthetic PPAR? ligands. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of increased PPAR? signaling in vivo, we generated transgenic mice that express a constitutively active form of PPAR? in mammary ...
Breast cancer cell lines that express the nuclear peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) can be prompted to undergo growth arrest and differentiation when treated with synthetic PPAR gamma ligands. To evaluate the therapeutic potential of increased PPAR gamma signaling in vivo, we generated transgenic mice that express a constitutively active form of PPAR gamma in ...
In order to assess the effect of early prolactin suppression on the subsequent development of dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary cancers, the dopamine agonist, CB-154, was chronically administered to female Sprague-Dawley rats from Day 35 to Day 50 of age. DMBA was then administered and tumor development assessed over a 25-week period. It was found that animals ...
Current utilization of the linear accelerator as well as 5-year cumulative experience in radiotherapy is presented. Cutaneous lymphomas and mammary gland carcinomas were the prime experience region; however, cancers at other locations were treated with mixed-beam therapy; employing fast neutrons and photon beams. The technique appears promising for ...
The study of in vitro morphogenesis is fundamental to understanding neoplasia since the dysregulation of morphogenic pathways that create multi-cellular organisms is a common hallmark of oncogenesis. The in vitro culture of human breast epithelial cells on reconstituted basement membranes recapitulate some features of in vivo breast development, including the formation of a ...
The cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay has emerged as a biomarker of chromosome damage relevant to cancer. Although it was initially developed to measure micronuclei, it is also useful for measuring nucleoplasmic bridges and nuclear buds. Abnormal nuclear morphologies are frequently observed in malignant tissues and short-term tumour cell cultures. Changes in chromosome structure and number ...
We describe here an important function of the novel calmodulin kinase I isoform, pregnancy-upregulated nonubiquitous calmodulin kinase (Pnck). Pnck (also known as CaM kinase Ibeta(2)) was previously shown to be differentially overexpressed in a subset of human primary breast cancers, compared with benign mammary epithelial tissue. In addition, during late pregnancy, Pnck mRNA ...
Estrogens have important functions in mammary gland development and carcinogenesis. To better define these roles, we have used two previously characterized lines of genetically altered mice: estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) knockout (ERKO) mice, which lack the gene encoding ER alpha, and mouse mammary virus tumor (MMTV)-Wnt-1 transgenic mice (Wnt-1 TG), ...
The stress-activated protein kinase (SAPK) p38 can induce apoptosis, and its inhibition facilitates mammary tumorigenesis. We found that during mammary acinar morphogenesis in MCF-10A cells grown in three-dimensional culture, detachment of luminal cells from the basement membrane stimulated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinases 3 and 6 (MKK3/6) ...
The use of progestins as a component of hormone replacement therapy has been linked to an increase in breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women. We have previously shown that medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), a commonly administered synthetic progestin, increases production of the potent angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) by tumor cells, leading to the development of new ...
... in these studies is that overexpression of USF in the mammary glands of transgenic ... form or USF-2 was targeted to the mammary gland under the ...
... salivary and mammary glands. ... mechanisms responsible for the initiation of branching, especially in the mammary gland, remain to be determined. ...
... effects of myoepithelial cells on mammary development because the K5 promoter directs transgene expression in mammary glands exclusively to ...
... role in mammary gland development and tumorigenesis. Descriptors : *ORGANS(ANATOMY), *MAMMARY GLANDS, *ONCOGENIC VIRUSES ...
... receptor for the avian virus Rous sarcoma virus in mammary ... MAMMARY GLANDS, RETROVIRUSES, ONCOGENIC VIRUSES, SARCOMA VIRUS. ...
... whether int-3 is expressed in the mammary gland and whether this expression is developmentally regulated. ... neoplastic mammary glands. ...
... Abstract : The Whn transcription factor plays an essential role in the development and maturation of mammary glands, as mammary glands in the ...
... to determine if the expression of the kinases is regulated during mammary gland development, RNA was isolated from mammary glands of FVB ...
... In Utero Exposure to Cadmium, Mammary Gland Development, and Breast Cancer Risk ... the effects of estrogens in the mammary glands and uterus ...
... TITLE: Hormonal Regulation of Mammary Gland Development and Breast Cancer ... extended for lactating mammary gland tissue. ...
... and that haploinsufficiency of CBP does not appear to affect mammary gland development. Descriptors : *MAMMARY GLANDS, *BREAST CANCER ...
... modulate the development, function, and involution of the mammary gland epithelium. Difficulty in studying the mammary gland is also ... ...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
... these cells in primary mammary epithelial cell cultures. ... and lobulogenesis (ie these cells have important features of mammary stem cells). ...
... Cancer Prevention by Hormonally Induced Mammary Gland Differentiation: The Role of a Novel Mammary Growth Inhibitor and Differentiation ...
The tumor suppressor gene p53 has an apparent role in breast tumor development in humans, as approximately 30% of sporadic tumors acquire p53 mutations and Li-Fraumeni syndrome patients carrying germ line p53 mutations frequently develop breast tumors at early age. In the present study, conditional expression of a targeted mutation is used to analyze the role of the human R273H tumor-associated ...
BRCA1 can regulate estrogen receptor-? (ER?) activity. This study tested the hypotheses that Brca1 loss in mammary epithelium alters the estrogenic growth response and that exposure to increased estrogen or ER? collaborates with Brca1 deficiency to accelerate preneoplasia and cancer development. Longer ductal extension was found in ...
