The Earth's population doubled between 1960 and 1999, increasing from three billion to six billion people. During that period, human-induced changes in the global environment accelerated in unprecedented fashion. Given continued population growth and envi...

... been considered the 'king of game birds' in Virginia. After a steady population increase with expanding settlement, ... a host of land use changes altered the Virginia landscape, this decline accelerated ...

The effects of strong noise on the decline and propagation processes of a population in the Malthus-Verhulst model with time delay are investigated by a stochastic simulation. Time delays in two different processes are concurrent in ecosystems. The simulation results indicate that: The stability of the population is enhanced by the decreasing ...

The effects of time delay on the decline and propagation processes of population in the Malthus-Verhulst model with cross-correlated noises are investigated separately. Through numerically computing and stochastically simulating, we find that: (i) inclusion of time delay in the decline process, increasing the delay time ? weakens the stability of ...

The foundations of many of the subdisciplines of radiological protection laid in accelerator laboratories began with the invention of accelerators. This paper suggests that the discipline of accelerator radiological protection has played and will continue play a more significant part in our lives than is generally recognized. A brief ...

When the global rate of population growth accelerated and reached an all-time high in the 1960s, the United States established foreign population assistance. In the 1980s, as ideological forces came into play, Washington reversed its position and forfeited its commanding role. The United States needs now to recapture its leadership ...

... 9814 9 ACCELERATION STRAIN TRANSDUCER WITH INCREASED SENSITIVITY ... wound around the interior of the housing. Acceleration is ...

Adaptation often involves the acquisition of a large number of genomic changes which arise as mutations in single individuals. In asexual populations, combinations of mutations can fix only when they arise in the same lineage, but for populations in which genetic information is exchanged, beneficial mutations can arise in different individuals and be ...

This dissertation tests models of relativistic electron acceleration in the earth's outer radiation belt. The models fall into two categories: external and internal. External acceleration models transport and accelerate electrons from a source region in the outer magnetosphere to the inner magnetosphere. Internal ...

World economy development, population increase, and urban expansion accelerate the depletion of naturally preserved energy (fossil fuel), reduction in arable land, and trend of global climate change. Bioenergy, the forms of energy produced from materials of living organisms, holds special promise in...

Two central problems confronting State and local government in Alaska are explored: the accelerating needs for professional manpower in public service and the increasing severity of unemployment among the Alaska Native population. Many Alaska Natives lack...

In 1977, the United States Department of Agriculture and the Canadian Department of the Environment agreed to cooperate in an expanded and accelerated research and development effort, the Canada/United States Spruce Budworms Program (CANUSA), aimed at the...

Coral reefs have long been a vital economic resource for Southeast Asian nations, but recent increases in coastal population and the attendant acceleration of reef exploitation have destroyed many reefs and led to substantial environmental degradation. Th...

Calvert County is changing in many ways at an accelerated rate. An agricultural economy is being swallowed by developments housing people who sleep here and work in Metropolitan Washington. The average biennial increase in population is greater than from ...

This book calls attention to a most urgent global problem: the rapidly accelerating loss of plant and animal species to increasing human population pressure and the demands of economic development. Based on a major conference sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences and the Smithsonian Institution, this book creates a systematic ...

If IPCC (2007) projections are accurate, the frequency and severity of extreme hydroclimate events (e.g., droughts, floods) will likely increase in response to the acceleration in the water cycle. Additionally, a majority of the population lives in urban areas, and by 2030 this ...

Heliospheric energetic particles represent a mixture of populations. Sites of original energization of those particles range from solar flares through coronal and interplanetary shocks to distant heliospheric and even galactic sources. Although increasing...

Given human population growth and accelerated global trade, the rate of emergence of exotic plant pathogens is bound to increase. Understanding the processes that lead to the emergence of new pathogens can help manage emerging epidemics. Novel tools to analyze population genetic variation can be use...

A striking increase in birth weights and height measurements in children of Canadian Eskimos was observed in recent years. The growth acceleration seen to varying degrees in different Eskimo groups appears most closely to parallel the increase in the per capita annual sugar consumption which has more than quadrupled during the last ...

A method is described for increasing the intensity of accelerated light-nucleus beams in linear proton accelerators. To attain such increase, the fore-injector of the LU-20 linear proton accelerator, which is the injector of the synchrophasotron of the Jo...

Ion acceleration and direct ion heating in magnetic reconnection are experimentally observed during counterhelicity merging of two plasma toroids. Plasma ions are accelerated up to order of the Alfen speed through contraction of the reconnected field-lines with three-components. The large increase in ion thermal energy (from 10 eV up ...

... LI ACCELERATION WITH CORRELATION OF THESE RESPONSES ... Vital capacity decreased in all subjects with increasing forward acceleration. ...

In 1996, there were 41,511 medical doctors in Greece i.e. 340 doctors per 100,000 population. Recent forecasts showed that in 2001, there would be 46,558 doctors in the country i.e. 422 doctors per 100,000 population. There is currently no numerous clauses at the start of medical training. Medical workforce growth is fueling increase ...

PASO will fly through the shock acceleration region for high-energy particles and sample three particle populations - trapped, ...

Research on human online activities usually assumes that total activity T increases linearly with active population P, that is, T?P?(?=1). However, we find examples of systems where total activity grows faster than active population. Our study shows that the power law relationship T?P?(?>1) is in fact ubiquitous in online activities ...

Since 2006 the rate of honey bee colony failure has increased significantly. As an aid to testing hypotheses for the causes of colony failure we have developed a compartment model of honey bee colony population dynamics to explore the impact of different death rates of forager bees on colony growth and development. The model predicts a critical threshold ...

Since 2006 the rate of honey bee colony failure has increased significantly. As an aid to testing hypotheses for the causes of colony failure we have developed a compartment model of honey bee colony population dynamics to explore the impact of different death rates of forager bees on colony ...

Adaptation often involves the acquisition of a large number of genomic changes that arise as mutations in single individuals. In asexual populations, combinations of mutations can fix only when they arise in the same lineage, but for populations in which genetic information is exchanged, beneficial mutations can arise in different individuals and be ...

Two-dimensional argon ion velocity distribution functions (IVDFs) in the expansion region of a helicon plasma source have been measured by laser-induced-fluorescence tomography. Below a threshold value of the magnetic field in the expansion region, the IVDFs show a bimodal structure comprised of a supersonic ion population axially moving away from the source and an isotropic, ...

The effects of partial-body, single-dose, x-irradiation on the cell kinetics of the mouse small intestine have been intensively studied. Irradiation of the intestinal region with the anterior part of the mouse shielded prodnced changes in the epithelial cells of the small intestine that were similar in character to that observed with whole-body irradiation but were less severe and ...

Can a history of phenotypic plasticity increase the rate of adaptation to a new environment? Theory suggests it can be through two different mechanisms. Phenotypically plastic organisms can adapt rapidly to new environments through genetic assimilation, or the fluctuating environments that result in phenotypic plasticity can produce evolvable genetic architectures. In this ...

Measuring trends in the size of prehistoric populations is fundamental to our understanding of the demography of ancient people and their responses to environmental change. Archaeologists commonly use the temporal distribution of radiocarbon dates to reconstruct population trends, but this can give a false picture of population growth ...

Hard x-ray and radio intensities of two major solar outbursts are found to anticorrelate in time with their spectral indices, which, furthermore, are in satisfactory correlation with each other. The radio emission must be synchrotron radiation from the same electron population that causes the x-ray bremsstrahlung. A delay of temporal features, increasing ...

Results from a self-consistent 2-D hybrid MHD kinetic electron model in dipolar coordinates of a field line resonance are presented for electron temperatures up to several hundred eV. This is an extension of Damiano et al., Physics of Plasmas (2007) which considered the case of a cold electron plasma for variable resonance widths and illustrated the dissipation of wave energy associated with the ...

Intensity and frequency of clear air turbulence increases as an acceleration variable of the rawinsonde observation, defined as 'adjusted acceleration', increases. Adjusted acceleration represents the magnitude of the rawinsonde acceleration without respe...

The effects of increased acceleration forces on the transient dryout and rewet performance of an axial groove heat pipe wick were experimentally studied using inclination to simulate increased acceleration forces. Two durations of increased acceleration were investigated, ...

... designed electron guns can generate electron beams with emmitance ... NEC, provide beam acceleration without increasing beam emittance, and d ...

... Title : Joint Strike Fighter: Accelerating Procurement before Completing Development Increases the Government's Financial Risk. ...

Since 1930 the energy of accelerators had grown by an order of magnitude roughly every 7 years. Like all exponential growths, be they human population, the size of computers, or anything else, this eventually will have to come to an end. When will this happen to the growth of the energy of particle accelerators and colliders. ...

Administration of olive oil within an hour before or after whole-body x irradiation of male mlce at 625 r significantly increased the survival-rate when compared with irradiated untreated mice. The effects of irradiation on bone- marrow, spleen, and thymus of irradiated, and oil-treated irradiated, male mice at different timeintervals after irradiation have been ...

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease affecting approximately 1% of the population. Patients have reduced life expectancy and the leading cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD), with patients experiencing at least a 2-fold increased risk of myocardial infarction. RA is recognized as an independent risk factor for CVD. Inflammation is a ...

We investigate the effect of a distorted neutron star dipole magnetic field on pulsar pair cascade multiplicity and pair death lines. Using a simple model for a distorted dipole field that produces an offset polar cap (PC), we derive the accelerating electric field above the PC in space-charge-limited flow. We find that even a modest azimuthally asymmetric distortion can ...

Longitudinal neurobehavioral development was examined in 237 fetuses of low-risk pregnancies from 2 distinct populations-Baltimore, Maryland, and Lima, Peru-at 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, and 38 weeks gestation. Data were based on digitized Doppler-based fetal heart rate (FHR) and fetal movement (FM). In both groups, FHR declined while variability, episodic ...

Some authors argue that overfishing is an important reason that reef corals have declined in recent decades. Their reasoning is that overfishing removes herbivores, releasing macroalgae to overgrow and kill the corals. The evidence suggests, however, that global climate change and emergent marine diseases make a far greater contribution to coral mortality, and that macroalgae generally grow on the ...

The effects of increased acceleration forces on the transient dryout and rewet performance of an axial groove heat pipe wick were experimentally studied using inclination to simulate increased acceleration forces. Two durations of increased acceleration w...

We study the influence of spatially varying reaction rates on a spatial stochastic two-species Lotka-Volterra lattice model for predator-prey interactions using two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations. The effects of this quenched randomness on population densities, transient oscillations, spatial correlations, and invasion fronts are investigated. We find that spatial ...

We study the influence of spatially varying reaction rates on a spatial stochastic two-species Lotka-Volterra lattice model for predator-prey interactions using two-dimensional Monte Carlo simulations. The effects of this quenched randomness on population densities, transient oscillations, spatial correlations, and invasion fronts are investigated. We find that spatial ...

In 1991, the Stanford Linear Collider (SLC) operated, with diverse accelerator systems, at 60% availability. In the more auspicious 1992 and 1993 runs availability improved to over 80%. For the 94/95 run, the availability was also about 80%. Ignoring the eclectic-accelerator, this discussion will assess the dependence of the SLC on the reliability and ...

As part of its IEC program, Rwanda's National Office of Population (ONAPO) produced a 4-volume work entitled "The Demographic problem in Rwanda and the framework of its solution". The work places Rwanda's population problem in historical context by noting the progressive acceleration of the growth rate beginning in 1940. The ...

Sexual reproduction is both extremely costly and widespread relative to asexual reproduction, meaning that it must also confer profound advantages in order to persist. One theorized benefit of sex is that it facilitates the clearance of harmful mutations, which would accumulate more rapidly in the absence of recombination. The extent to which ineffective purifying selection and mutation ...

Sexual reproduction is both extremely costly and widespread relative to asexual reproduction, meaning that it must also confer profound advantages in order to persist. One theorized benefit of sex is that it facilitates the clearance of harmful mutations, which would accumulate more rapidly in the absence of recombination. The extent to which ineffective purifying selection and mutation ...

... after (2002) population increase. The increase in the number of nests in the preferred sector and the successive occupation and increase in a second and then a ... ...

This study is based on new projections of Hispanic population growth from 2000 to 2050, which uses unique methodology to disaggregate growth rates and other demographic indicators by generation. The result is a more detailed look at demographic trends than is possible from the Census Bureau's projections or its published tabulations of data from decennial counts. Data indicate ...

Physical training for increased resistance of mice to radial acceleration and lowered partial oxygen

The level of the sympathetic nervous system activity markedly increases during +Gz acceleration stress and this increase was implicated in the etiology of cardiac subendocardial hemorrhage associated with high sustained +Gz acceleration. The biochemical a...

1. Recent theoretical studies on the population dynamic consequences of cannibalism have focused on mechanisms behind the emergence of large cannibals (giants) in size-structured populations. Theoretically, giants emerge when a strong recruiting cohort imposes competition induced mortality on stunted adults, but also provides a profitable resource for a ...

Accelerated aging is one of the well-known consequences of exposure to ionizing radiation. This phenomenon is apparent to a greater or lesser degree in all of the populations contaminated by the Chernobyl radionuclides. PMID:20002044

AbstractClosed head injury is the leading cause of death in children less than 4 years of age, and is thought to be caused in part by rotational inertial motion of the brain. Injury patterns associated with inertial rotations are not well understood in the pediatric population. To characterize the physiological and pathological responses of the immature brain to inertial ...

The development of US manpower policy is traced from its inception in the late 1930s. A number of new realities that are shaping this policy include sharp changes in population trends since the early post war years, increased participation in the workforce, accelerating automation, technological change, and rising educational levels. ...

Transparent TCP Acceleration Through Network Processing Tilman Wolf, Shulin You, and Ramaswamy {wolf,syou,rramaswa}@ecs.umass.edu Abstract-- Transparent TCP acceleration is an approach to increasing to the transparent nature of the system, incremental deployment and opportunistic acceleration is easily possible

Abstract-- A system level fault injection experiment measuring changes in probability of failure and error propagation as a function of failure acceleration. It demonstrates that: (1) Probability of failure increases with failure acceleration, and (2) Error propagation decreases with failure acceleration. I.

Overview: This Science Object is the second of four Science Objects in the Resources and Human Impact SciPack. It explores how technology can solve problems, but at the same time, can also create new strains on the environment. Improved technology used for harvesting food, coupled with the technology of improved sanitation, has accelerated the growth of the human ...

We analyze the growth rates of atmospheric carbon dioxide and human population, by comparing the relative merits of two benchmark models, the exponential law and the finite-time-singular (FTS) power law. The later results from positive feedbacks, either direct or mediated by other dynamical variables, as shown in our presentation of a simple endogenous macroeconomic dynamical ...

BackgroundIn understanding how the human body perceives and responds to small slip-like motions, information on how one senses the slip is essential. The effect of aging and plantar sensory loss on detection of a slip can also be studied. Using psychophysical procedures, acceleration detection thresholds of small lateral whole-body perturbations were measured for healthy young ...

Patterns in marine fishes biodiversity can be assessed by quantifying temporal variation in rate of population change, abundance, life history and demography concomitant with long-term reductions in abundance. Based on data for 178 populations (62 species) from four north-temperate oceanic regions (Northeast Atlantic and Pacific, Northwest Atlantic, North ...

Patterns in marine fish biodiversity can be assessed by quantifying temporal variation in rate of population change, abundance, life history and demography concomitant with long-term reductions in abundance. Based on data for 177 populations (62 species) from four north-temperate oceanic regions (Northeast Atlantic and Pacific, Northwest Atlantic, North ...

Given human population growth and accelerated global trade, the rate of emergence of exotic plant pathogens is bound to increase. Understanding the processes that lead to the emergence of new pathogens can help manage emerging epidemics. Novel tools for analyzing population genetic variation can be used to infer ...

The primary objective of the study reported was to measure directly the attitudes toward rapid economic development held by members of the communities being impacted. Two areas selected for the study were Caribou County, Idaho, and Beaver County, Utah, contrasts in terms of economic structure and growth. In Beaver County, the population dropped from 5,014 in 1940 to 3,800 in ...

The investigation of stochastic particle acceleration through resonant interactions with plasma waves that populate the magnetosphere surrounding an accreting black hole is presented. Stochastic acceleration has been successfully applied to the problem of...

To investigate the mechanisms by which slender oat (Avena barbata Pott ex Link) enhances phenanthrene biodegradation, we analyzed the impacts of root exudates and root debris on phenanthrene biodegradation and degrader community dynamics. Accelerated phenanthrene biodegradation rates occurred in soils amended with slender oat root exudates as well as combined root debris + ...

Efficient coupling of lower hybrid (LH) power from the wave launcher to the plasma is a very important issue in lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) experiments. The large unbalanced reflections in the grill trigger the LH protection system, which will trip the power, resulting in the reduction of the coupled LH power. The generation of runaway electrons has been investigated in LHCD plasmas with ...

The Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) uses a maintenance management philosophy that is best described as opportunistic or event-driven. Opportunistic maintenance can be defined as a systematic method of collecting, investigating, pre-planning, and publishing a set of proposed maintenance tasks and acting on them when there is an unscheduled failure or repair ...

In mid-demographic-transition, many Asian countries enjoyed a large demographic 'dividend': extra economic growth owing to falling dependant/workforce ratios, or slower natural increase, or both. We estimate the dividend, 1985-2025, in sub-Saharan Africa and its populous countries. Dependency and natural increase peaked around 1985, 20 ...

The increase in population, the rapid economic growth and the rise in community living standards accelerate municipal solid waste (MSW) generation in developing cities. This problem is especially serious in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, China. The daily amount of MSW generated in Pudong was about 1.11 kg per person in 2006. According to ...

The rapidly changing demographic landscape of the United States, brought about by immigration, has resulted in an increasingly multiracial and multicultural population. These changes have become accentuated by the phenomenon of globalization, which occurs when there is an acceleration of movement of people, ideas, and products between ...

The learning of a novel task currently rely heavily on conventional classroom instruction with qualitative assessment and observation. Introduction of individualized tutorials with integrated neuroscience-based evaluation techniques could significantly accelerate skill acquisition and provide quantitative evidence of successful training. We have created a suite of adaptive and ...

Urban heat islands increase the demand for cooling energy and accelerate the formation of smog. They

... the phage titer increase reaction and the ... BACTERIA, TRANSLATIONS, IMMUNE SERUMS ... SERODIAGNOSIS, ANTIGEN ANTIBODY REACTIONS. ...

... acceleration, the content of histamine increases in the mucous membrane of the intestine, and decreases considerably in the lungs and tissues of ...