... Accelerating Factor (DAF) Increases Survival and Limits Tissue Injury After ... Hemorrhagic blood loss or resuscitation following hemorrhage leads to ...
DTIC Science & Technology
The invention involves methods and products for interfering with neutrophil transmigration and treating inflammatory conditions. Agents that bind decay accelerating factor (DAF) and agents that mimic SCR-3 epitope of DAF are provided.
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
... Recombinant human DAF was given as bolus in ... analysis of lung tissues revealed destruction ... resulted in optimal reduction in tissue damage when ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a membrane regulator of C3 activation that protects self cells from autologous complement attack. In humans, DAF is uniformly expressed as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored molecule. In mice, both GPI-anchored and transmembrane-anchored DAF ...
PubMed Central
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a 70,000 Mr membrane protein that inhibits amplification of the complement cascade on the cell surface, and protects cells from damage. Purified DAF can be reincorporated into the membrane of red cells and is functional. DAF is deficient in paroxysmal ...
PubMed
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF), a glycoprotein that is anchored to the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol, binds activated complement fragments C3b and C4b, thereby inhibiting amplification of the complement cascade on host cell membranes. Here, we report the molecular cloning of human DAF from HeLa cells. ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) from human red cell membranes was purified by a two-step procedure involving anion exchange and immunoaffinity chromatography. The DAF preparations were purified to homogeneity as judged by silver staining. In several experiments, the final product yields were approximately 23% of ...
Complement activation is thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of preterm labor (PTL). Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a natural complement pathway inhibitor. Our hypothesis was that DAF expression on maternal white blood cells (WBCs) in women with preterm labor is elevated compared with women with no ...
The decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a cell membrane glycoprotein that functions in the control of C activation. We studied the modulation of membrane DAF on polymorphonuclear cells (PMN) by using anti-DAF antibodies. Fluorescence-activated cell sorter analysis showed that ...
Absence of decay-accelerating factor 1 (Daf1) has been shown to enhance T-cell responses and autoimmunity via increased expression of specific cytokines, most notably interferon (IFN)-gamma. To determine if Daf1 deficiency can exacerbate IFN-gamma-dependent murine mercury-induced autoimmunity (mHgIA), C57/BL6 ...
Decay-accelerating-factor (DAF, CD55), a phosphatidyl-inositol anchored glycoprotein, is a member of the cell membrane bound complement regulatory proteins that inhibit autologous complement cascade activation. DAF was found expressed on cells that are in close contact with serum complement proteins, but also on cells outside the ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is an integral membrane protein that inhibits amplification of the complement cascade on the cell surface. We and other investigators have shown that DAF is part of a newly characterized family of proteins that are anchored to the cell membrane by phosphatidylinositol (PI). The group ...
Decay accelerating factor (DAF) is a complement regulatory protein that protects host tissue from complement-mediated damage by preventing the assembly and/or promoting the dissociation of C3 an C5 convertases. To identify and analyze the DNA sequence elements responsible for controlling DAF expression, the ...
Energy Citations Database
Decay accelerating factor (DAF) belongs to a novel group of membrane proteins anchored to the cell surface by a glycophospholipid membrane anchor that is covalently attached to the carboxyl terminus of the protein. The last 37 amino acids of membrane DAF, when fused to the carboxyl terminus of a secreted protein, ...
Expression of DAF (CD55) is enhanced on colonic epithelial cells of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), and stool DAF concentrations are increased in patients with active disease. Cytokines are known to modulate DAF expression in various human cells, and lesions of UC reveal altered profiles of cytokine production. In this study, we ...
Decay accelerating factor (DAF,CD55) is a 70-kDa glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein that protects human erythrocytes (HuE) from complement-mediated damage by regulation of the C3-convertase. Purified human DAF can be incorporated into sheep red blood cell (SRBC) membrane and confer complement ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) expressed on the surface of colonic cancer cells presents a barrier to complement-mediated clearance by contributing to the ineffectiveness of the humoral immune response. In this study, to investigate the mechanisms responsible for the anti-tumor effects of butyrate, we evaluated how butyrate modulates ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is one of a family of cell-associated proteins that undergo posttranslational modifications in which glycolipid anchoring structures are substituted for membrane-spanning sequences. The signals that direct the covalent substitution reaction in these proteins are unknown. Human DAF ...
Echoviruses are human pathogens belonging to the picornavirus family. Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored surface protein that protects cells from lysis by autologous complement. Anti-DAF monoclonal antibodies prevented echovirus 7 attachment to susceptible cells and ...
The early steps of echovirus 6 (E6) infection remain poorly understood and the only described receptor for haemagglutinating E6 strains is the decay accelerating factor (DAF). There is, however, accumulating evidence suggesting that E6 interaction with DAF is necessary but not sufficient for infection. In this ...
The increased expression of decay-accelerating factor (DAF) has been detected in intestinal epithelial cells at the inflamed mucosa. In this study, we examined the effects of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha on DAF expression in three intestinal epithelial cell lines. DAF ...
Purified 70 kDa membrane (m) DAF incorporates into cells when added in vitro. A 2 kDa smaller DAF form which functions extrinsically like C4bp but is unable to incorporate can be isolated from urine (u). Because of common deficits of mDAF and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in erythrocytes (E) of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF; CD55) inhibits the complement (C) cascade by dissociating the multimolecular C3 convertase enzymes central to amplification. We have previously demonstrated using surface plasmon resonance (Biacore International) that DAF mediates decay of the alternative pathway C3 convertase, ...
A wide variety of the host immune elements play an influential role in the defence against cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. However, the role of complement in the clearance of CMV infection is less well studied. Decay accelerating factor (DAF/CD55) is a membrane-bound complement regulatory protein that inhibits the formation and ...
By differential-display-PCR a subclone of the SK-BR-3 cell line with high in vitro transendothelial invasiveness was identified to express increased levels of a new alternative splice variant of decay-accelerating factor (DAF). DAF seems to play an important role in some malignant tumours since on the one hand the ...
Many coxsackievirus B isolates bind to human decay-accelerating factor (DAF) as well as to the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR). The first-described DAF-binding isolate, coxsackievirus B3 (CB3)-RD, was obtained during passage of the prototype strain CB3-Nancy on RD cells, which express ...
Genetic and RNA interference (RNAi) screens for life span regulatory genes have revealed that the daf-2 insulin-like signaling pathway plays a major role in Caenorhabditis elegans longevity. This pathway converges on the DAF-16 transcription factor and may regulate life span by controlling the expression of a large number of genes, ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) is a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein that restricts complement activation on autologous cells. It is also a ligand for CD97, an activation-associated lymphocyte antigen with seven transmembrane domains. It is widely expressed on cells of both the hematopoietic and ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is a constitutively expressed plasma membrane glycoprotein on blood cells and endothelium that inhibits cell surface C3/C5 convertase formation, thus inhibiting complement activation and protecting cells from lysis by the terminal complement components. Using monoclonal anti-DAF ...
Membrane-associated decay accelerating factor (DAF) of human erythrocytes (E/sup hu/) was analyzed for a C-terminal glycolipid anchoring structure. Automated amino acid analysis of DAF following reductive radiomethylation revealed ethanolamine and glucosamine residues in proportions identical with those present in ...
Echovirus 7 (EV7) belongs to the Enterovirus genus within the family Picornaviridae. Many picornaviruses use IgG-like receptors that bind in the viral canyon and are required to initiate viral uncoating during infection. However, in addition, some of the enteroviruses use an alternative or additional receptor that binds outside the canyon. Decay-accelerating ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55) is a glycophosphatidyl inositol-anchored glycoprotein that regulates the activity of C3 and C5 convertases. In addition to understanding the mechanism of complement inhibition by DAF through structural studies, there is also an interest in the possible therapeutic potential of ...
The role of complement in the pathogenesis of autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) has been controversial and may depend on a number of factors, including the affinity and isotype of the pathogenic antibodies involved. We have recently shown that mouse erythrocytes deficient in the membrane C3 regulatory protein, complement receptor 1-related gene/protein y (Crry), but not ...
Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria is an acquired haemolytic anaemia that may develop into aplastic anaemia or myeloid leukaemia. It has recently been shown that paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria is due to a defective coupling of specific proteins to glycolipids on the cell surface of haematopoietic cells. One of these proteins is decay-accelerating ...
Some echoviruses (EV) that bind decay-accelerating factor (DAF) also bind cells of human and murine origins in a DAF-independent manner. Pretreatment of cells with heparinase 1 or heparin blocks the binding of radiolabeled virus to the cell surface, and heparin prevents infection of rhabdomyosarcoma cells by ...
Absence of decay-accelerating factor 1 (Daf1) has been shown to enhance T-cell responses and autoimmunity via increased expression of specific cytokines, most notably interferon (IFN)-?. To determine if Daf1 deficiency can exacerbate IFN-?-dependent murine mercury-induced autoimmunity (mHgIA), C57/BL6 ...
Afa/Dr fimbriae constitute the major virulence factor of diffusely adhering Escherichia coli (Afa/Dr DAEC). After recognizing membrane-bound signaling receptors, they trigger cell responses. One of these receptors is the human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF). It has previously been reported that the binding of ...
A large number of hDAF transgenic pigs to be used for xenotransplantation research were generated by using sperm-mediated gene transfer (SMGT). The efficiency of transgenesis obtained with SMGT was much greater than with any other method. In the experiments reported, up to 80% of pigs had the transgene integrated into the genome. Most of the pigs carrying the ...
To mitigate hyperacute rejection, pigs have been generated with alpha-Gal transferase gene knockout and transgenic expression of human decay accelerating factor (hDAF), MCP, and CD59. Additionally, heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) has been suggested to defend endothelial cells. Sera (MS) (0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, and 15%) from Formosan macaques (Macaca ...
A glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored form of the CD4 receptor was constructed by fusing the extracellular domain of CD4 to the COOH-terminus of decay accelerating factor (DAF), containing a signal for GPI-anchor attachment. The internalization of GPI-linked CD4 (CD4DAF) was compared to that of transmembrane ...
SummaryThe C. elegans daf-8 gene encodes an R-Smad that is expressed in a subset of head neurons, the intestine, gonadal distal tip cells and the excretory cell. We found that DAF-8, which inhibits the DAF-3 Co-Smad, is associated with DAF-3 and the DAF-14 Smad in vivo and in vitro. ...
A major obstacle to gene transduction by viral vectors is inactivation by human complement in vivo. One way to overcome this is to incorporate complement regulatory proteins, such as CD55/decay accelerating factor (DAF), into viral particles. Lentivirus vectors pseudotyped with the baculovirus envelope protein GP64 have been shown to ...
The human fetus appears to be capable of protecting itself from maternal complement (C) from an early stage in development by expressing the C regulatory proteins decay-accelerating factor (DAF), membrane co-factor protein (MCP) and CD59 on fetally derived trophoblast at the feto-maternal interface. In this study ...
Resistance to complement-mediated lysis in Trypanosoma cruzi is due to the expression of complement-regulatory factors by the virulent developmental forms of this protozoan parasite. An 87- to 93-kDa molecule, which we have termed T-DAF (trypomastigote decay-accelerating factor), is present on the surface of the ...
Recent studies have indicated a role of complement in regulating T-cell immunity but the mechanism of action of complement in this process remains to be clarified. Here we studied mice deficient in decay-accelerating factor (DAF), a key membrane complement regulator whose deficiency led to increased complement-dependent T-cell immune ...
The Dra antigen belongs to the Cromer-related blood group system, a series of antigens on decay accelerating factor (DAF), a glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol-anchored membrane protein that protects host cells from complement-mediated damage. We studied the rare inherited Dr(a-) phenotype to ascertain the associated biochemical and ...
The membrane-bound complement regulators decay-accelerating factor (DAF, CD55), membrane cofactor protein (MCP, CD46), and CD59 are broadly expressed proteins that act together to protect host tissues from autologous complement. Comparison of expression profiles of these proteins between normal and pathological tissues could reveal a ...
The interaction between echovirus 11 strain 207 (EV11-207) and decay accelerating factor (DAF or CD55) at the apical surface of polarized Caco-2 cells results in rapid transport of the virus to tight junctions and its subsequent uptake. The virus mutant (EV11-207R), which differs in 6 amino acids and whose affinity for ...
Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol- (GPI) anchored proteins contain a large extracellular protein domain that is linked to the membrane via a glycosylated form of phosphatidylinositol. We recently reported the polarized apical distribution of all endogenous GPI-anchored proteins in the MDCK cell line (Lisanti, M. P., M. Sargiacomo, L. Graeve, A. R. Saltiel, and E. Rodriguez-Boulan. 1988. Proc. Natl. ...
The expression of human complement regulatory proteins (hCRP; hDAF, hCD59, and hMCP) in pig tissues has been suggested as one of strategies to overcome the hyperacute rejection (HAR) in pig-to-human transplantation. Expression of human tissue factor pathway inhibitor (hTFPI) in porcine endothelial cells has been suggested as a remedy to overcome ...
It is known that a dauer-constitutive gene, daf-2, controls both larval development and adult life span in Caenorhabditis elegans. The increased life span caused by the daf-2 mutation can be enhanced by a daf-12 mutation and suppressed by a daf-16 mutation. In order to determine the correlation between longevity ...
One of the major obstacles in the use of baculovirus vectors for in vivo gene transfer is the virus inactivation by serum complement. In this study, we investigated the effect of decay-accelerating factor (DAF), factor H (FH)�like protein-1 (FHL-1), C4b-binding protein (C4BP), and membrane cofactor protein (MCP) ...
Synovial fibroblasts occur as two phenotypes - intimal and subintimal. The specialised intimal phenotype includes expression of uridine diphosphoglucose dehydrogenase (UDPGD), vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and complement decay-accelerating factor (DAF). These gene products contribute to specialised functions relating to ...
Abstract Adenovirus (Ad)-based vectors are attractive candidates for a variety of gene-transfer applications. In this study, we found that decay-accelerating factor (DAF)-displaying Ads induce significantly decreased cellular immune responses to transgenes expressed from the vectors in both Ad5-naive and Ad5-immune mice. Specifically, ...
Infection with cytomegalovirus (CMV) remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT). The manifestations of CMV infection can range from neurological and haematological abnormalities to diminished graft survival and, in extreme cases, death. Many clinical studies have shown a direct correlation between cytomegalovirus infection and ...
The Old World hantaviruses, members of the family Bunyaviridae, cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Transmission to humans occurs via inhalation of aerosols contaminated with the excreta of infected rodents. The viral antigen is detectable in dendritic cells, macrophages, lymphocytes, and, most importantly, microvascular endothelial cells. However, the site and detailed mechanism ...
Mutants of bovine herpesvirus 1 that express a truncated envelope glycoprotein gIII or a gIII-human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF) chimeric protein (gIII.hDAF) were employed to evaluate the function of the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of the gIII molecule. Truncated gIII (i.e., lacking the transmembrane ...
Background & Aims:The complement pathways are important components of the innate and adaptive immune response. Here we tested the hypothesis that activation of complement is required for development of ethanol-induced fatty liver.Methods:Wild type and mice lacking the 3rd (C3) and 5th (C5) components of the complement activation pathway, as well as ...
Swine vesicular disease virus (SVDV) evolved from coxsackie B virus serotype 5 (CVB5) in the recent past, crossing the species barrier from humans to pigs. Here, SVDV isolates from early and recent outbreaks have been compared for their capacity to utilize the progenitor virus receptors coxsackie-adenovirus receptor (CAR) and decay-accelerating factor ...
BackgroundActivated complement system is known to mediate neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration following exposure to hypoxic-ischemic insults. Therefore, inhibition of the complement activation cascade may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for the management of ischemic brain injury. Decay-accelerating factor (DAF, also ...
The transcription factor DAF-16/forkhead box O (FOXO) is a critical longevity determinant in diverse organisms, however the molecular basis of how its transcriptional activity is regulated remains largely unknown. We report that the Caenorhabditis elegans homolog of host cell factor 1 (HCF-1) represents a new longevity modulator and ...
Although many glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins have been observed as soluble forms, the mechanisms by which they are released from the cell surface have not been demonstrated. We show here that a cell-associated GPI-specific phospholipase D (GPI-PLD) releases the GPI-anchored, complement regulatory protein decay-accelerating factor ...
To understand better how different genomic regions may confer pathogenicity for the coxsackievirus B (CVB), two intratypic CVB1 variants, and a number of recombinant viruses were studied. Sequencing analysis showed 23 nucleotide changes between the parental non-pathogenic CVB1N and the pathogenic CVB1Nm. Mutations present in CVB1Nm were more conserved than those in CVB1N when compared to other CVB ...
... Considering these factors, the DAF is considered an ... of direct applications include using risk analysis to determine the risks from smoking, and ...
The CD4 molecule, a glycoprotein expressed primarily on the cell surface of specific T lymphocytes, is thought to function in T-cell antigen recognition and activation. In addition, CD4 serves as a receptor for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) by a direct interaction with the HIV-1 surface glycoprotein (gp120). To further characterize the HIV-1-cell interaction, a HeLa cell line was ...
We previously reported that inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) increases the rate of bacteremia and maternal mortality in pregnant rats with uterine infection by Escherichia coli expressing the Dr fimbria (Dr+). Epithelial binding and invasion by Dr+ E. coli has also been shown to be dependent upon the expression level of the cellular receptor ...
Glycosyl-phosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins are sorted to the apical surface of many epithelial cell types. To better understand the mechanism for apical segregation of these proteins, we analyzed the lateral mobility and molecular associations of a model GPI-anchored protein, herpes simplex virus gD1 fused to human decay accelerating factor ...
In myasthenia gravis (MG), neuromuscular transmission is disrupted due to the production of autoantibodies against acetylcholine receptors (AChR). In previous work, we showed that decay accelerating factor (DAF or CD55), an intrinsic cell surface complement regulator that disables C3/C5 amplification convertases, protects against ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) expression modulates susceptibility of cells to autologous complement attack. To characterize the regulatory region controlling DAF gene transcription, genomic DNA extending from 815 base pairs (bp) upstream to approximately 4 kilobases downstream of DAF's AUG ...
Some pathogens have evolved mechanisms to overcome host immune defenses by inhibiting host defense signaling pathways and suppressing the expression of host defense effectors. We present evidence that Pseudomonas aeruginosa is able to suppress the expression of a subset of immune defense genes in the animal host Caenorhabditis elegans by activating the ...
The variant surface glycoprotein (VSG) of the African trypanosome is anchored in the cell membrane by a complex glycan attached to phosphatidylinositol. The carboxyl terminal portion of VSG contains a cryptic carbohydrate epitope, the cross-reacting determinant (CRD), that is revealed only after removal of the diacylglycerol by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) or VSG lipase. ...
The interaction of viruses with host cell receptors is the initial step in viral infection and is an important determinant of virus host range, tissue tropism, and pathogenesis. The complement regulatory protein decay-accelerating factor (DAF/CD55) is an attachment receptor for enterovirus 70 (EV70), a member of the Picornaviridae, ...
The structural genes of human complement regulatory proteins are clustered on chromosome 1 at position q3.2. Human chromosome 1 was transferred into a mouse fibroblast cell line, A9 [designated as A9(neo-1)], and the surface expression of its gene products participating in complement regulation, namely C3b/C4b receptor (CR1, CD35), decay-accelerating ...
The complement system has emerged as a prominent participant in host response elicited following treatment of solid tumors by photodynamic therapy (PDT). Activity of the complement system is tightly controlled by a series of endogenous regulatory proteins. The expression of decay-accelerating factor (DAF), complement-receptor-1-related ...
Sex-specific Effects of the DAF-12 Steroid Receptor on Aging in Caenorhabditis elegans DIANA differences in insulin/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) and steroid endocrinology contribute to this sex populations, mutational loss of the DAF-12 steroid receptor affected life span as in previous plate
E-print Network
The Dr family of Escherichia coli adhesins are virulence factors associated with diarrhea and urinary tract infections. Dr fimbriae are comprised of two subunits. DraE/AfaE represents the major structural, antigenic, and adhesive subunit, which recognizes decay-accelerating factor (DAF) and carcinoembryonic antigen ...
While group B coxsackieviruses (CVB) use the coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) as the receptor through which they infect susceptible cells, some CVB strains are known for their acquired capacity to bind other molecules. The CVB3/RD strain that emerged from a CVB3/Nancy population sequentially passaged in the CAR-poor RD cell line binds decay-accelerating ...
The phosphatidylinositol (PI) bound proteins (acetylcholin-esterase (ACE), decay accelerating factor (DAF), leucocyte function antigen type 3 (LFA-3) and Fc-receptor type III (FcRIII] were estimated by flow cytometry on blood cells from four patients with paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH), nine patients with 'non-PNH' ...
The FOXO family of transcription factors have recently been implicated in innate immunity, especially in case of DAF-16 from the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. However, previous studies with this nematode proposed that DAF-16 is not directly activated by pathogens. Rather, DAF-16 mediates resistance if activated ...
In animals, RFX transcription factors govern ciliogenesis by binding to an X-box motif in the promoters of ciliogenic genes. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the sole RFX transcription factor (TF) daf-19 null mutant lacks all sensory cilia, fails to express many ciliogenic genes, and is defective in many sensory behaviors, including male ...
Bile acids are cholesterol-derived signaling molecules that regulate mammalian metabolism through sterol-sensing nuclear receptor transcription factors. In C.�elegans, bile acid-like steroids called dafachronic acids (DAs) control developmental timing and longevity by activating the nuclear receptor DAF-12. However, little is known about the biosynthesis ...
The PMK-1 p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway and the DAF-2�DAF-16 insulin signaling pathway control Caenorhabditis elegans intestinal innate immunity. pmk-1 loss-of-function mutants have enhanced sensitivity to pathogens, while daf-2 loss-of-function mutants have enhanced resistance to pathogens that requires upregulation ...
BackgroundThe infective stage of the parasitic nematode hookworm is developmentally arrested in the environment and needs to infect a specific host to complete its life cycle. The canine hookworm (Ancylostoma caninum) is an excellent model for investigating human hookworm infections. The transcription factor of A. caninum, Ac-DAF-16, which has a ...
How dietary restriction (DR) increases lifespan and decreases disease burden are questions of major interest in biomedical research. Here we report that hypothalamic expression of CREB-binding protein (CBP) and CBP-binding partner Special AT-rich sequence binding protein 1 (SATB-1) is highly correlated with lifespan across five strains of mice, and expression of these genes decreases with age and ...
Correlative evidence links stress, accumulation of oxidative cellular damage, and aging in several species. Genetic studies in species ranging from yeast to mammals revealed several pathways regulating stress response and life span, including caloric intake, mitochondrial respiration, insulin/IGF-1 (IIS), and JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) signaling. How IIS and JNK signaling cross-talk to defend ...
Hantaviruses cause two severe diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or hantavirus cardio-pulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The lack of vaccines or specific drugs to prevent or treat HFRS and HCPS, and the requirement for conducting experiments in a biosafety level 3 laboratory (BSL-3) limit the ability to probe the mechanism of infection and disease pathogenesis. In this study ...
The glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchors of proteins expressed on human erythrocytes and nucleated cells differ with respect to acylation of an inositol hydroxyl group, a structural feature that modulates their cleavability by PI-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC). To determine how this GPI anchor modification is regulated, the precursor and protein-associated GPIs in two K562 cell transfectants ...
4,5-Diaminofluorescein diacetate (DAF-2 DA) has been widely used for the measurement of nitric oxide (NO) in living cells and tissues. We previously established a method that demonstrated platelet activating factor (PAF)-induced endothelial NO production in intact venules using DAF-2 DA. In previous applications, the loading dye was ...
Despite their phylogenetic diversity, parasitic nematodes share attributes of longevity and developmental arrest (=hypobiosis) with free-living nematodes at key points in their life cycles, particularly in larval stages responsible for establishing infection in the host. Insulin-like signalling plays crucial roles in the regulation of life span and arrest (=dauer formation) in the free-living ...
The conserved DAF-16/FOXO transcription factors and SIR-2.1/SIRT1 deacetylases are critical for diverse biological processes, particularly longevity and stress response; and complex regulation of DAF-16/FOXO by SIR-2.1/SIRT1 is central to appropriate biological outcomes. Caenorhabditis elegans Host Cell Factor 1 ...
Hantaviruses cause two severe diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). The lack of vaccines or specific drugs to prevent or treat HFRS and HCPS and the requirement for conducting experiments in a biosafety level 3 laboratory (BSL-3) limit the ability to probe the mechanism of infection and disease pathogenesis. In this study, ...
of the genes had no effect on wild type life span; RNAi of T10B9.1 affected development and dauer exit as well not affect life span of wild type but extended daf-2's life span significantly; this gene was the single contribute individually to longevity. The wide variety of functions of life span-affecting genes emphasizes
BackgroundAngiogenesis has been recently described as a novel component of inflammatory bowel disease pathogenesis. The level of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been found increased in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis mucosa. To question whether a pro-inflammatory Escherichia coli could regulate the expression of VEGF in human intestinal epithelial cells, ...
The DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor is the major downstream output of the insulin/IGF1R signaling pathway controlling C. elegans dauer larva development and aging. To identify novel downstream genes affecting dauer formation, we used RNAi to screen candidate genes previously identified to be regulated by DAF-16. We used a sensitized ...
AbstractHeat shock protein 90 (Hsp-90) is a highly conserved essential protein in eukaryotes. Here we describe the molecular characterisation of hsp-90 from three nematodes, the free-living Caenorhabditis elegans (Ce) and the parasitic worms Brugia pahangi (Bp) and Haemonchus contortus (Hc). These molecules were functionally characterised by rescue of a Ce-daf-21 (hsp-90) null ...
BackgroundThe gene daf-2 encodes the single insulin/insulin growth factor-1-like receptor of Caenorhabditis elegans. The reduction-of-function allele e1370 induces several metabolic alterations and doubles lifespan.ResultsWe found that the e1370 mutation alters aerobic energy production substantially. In wild-type worms the abundance of key mitochondrial ...
All cells adapt to hypertonic stress by regulating their volume after shrinkage, by accumulating organic osmolytes, and by activating mechanisms that protect against and repair hypertonicity-induced damage. In mammals and nematodes, inhibition of signaling from the DAF-2/IGF-1 insulin receptor activates the DAF-16/FOXO transcription ...
The insulin/IGF-1 signaling (IIS) pathway is a conserved regulator of longevity, development, and metabolism. In Caenorhabditis elegans IIS involves activation of DAF-2 (insulin/IGF-1 receptor tyrosine kinase), AGE-1 (PI 3-kinase), and additional downstream serine/threonine kinases that ultimately phosphorylate and negatively regulate the single FOXO transcription ...
Amino acid exchanges in the virus capsid protein VP1 allow the coxsackievirus B3 variant PD (CVB3 PD) to replicate in decay accelerating factor (DAF)-negative and coxsackievirus-adenovirus receptor (CAR)-negative cells. This suggests that molecules other than DAF and CAR are involved in attachment of this CVB3 ...
The isoform of Fc gamma RIII (CD16) expressed on PMN has a GPI membrane anchor, and in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) there is a deficiency in Fc gamma RIII expression on PMN. Contrary to expectation, however, CD16 expression is preserved (albeit at reduced levels) in all affected PNH PMN that completely lack the GPI-anchored proteins DAF (CD55) and CD59. Fc gamma ...
Late-onset neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by progressive accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins and global disruption of the proteostasis network, e.g. abnormal polyglutamine (polyQ) aggregation in Huntington's disease. Astragalus membranaceus polysaccharide (astragalan) has recently been shown to modulate aging and proteotoxic stress pathways. Using Caenorhabditis elegans ...
BackgroundAgeing, immunity and stresstolerance are inherent characteristics of all organisms. In animals, these traits are regulated, at least in part, by forkhead transcription factors in response to upstream signals from the Insulin/Insulin�like growth factor signalling (IIS) pathway. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, these phenotypes are ...
... 5. Report Date Reduction of Incremental Load Factor Acceleration Data to August 1994 Gust Statistics ... ACCELERATION _____ _____ ...
CD8 T cells primed by transplantation recognize allogeneic class I MHC molecules expressed on graft vascular endothelium and contribute to allograft injury. We previously showed that immune cell-derived complement activation fragments are integral to T cell activation/expansion. Herein we tested the impact of local complement production/activation on T cell/endothelial cell (EC) interactions. We ...
Non-lethal complement (C) attack on K562 cells has been shown to induce a transient resistance to lethal amounts of C. We have previously shown that incubation of K562 with phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) caused an increase in both CD59 expression and resistance to C killing and we were interested to examine whether non-lethal C attack caused a similar effect. We here demonstrate that ...
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is nonenveloped and has a single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome. CVB3 induces myocarditis and ultimately dilated cardiomyopathy. Although there are mounting evidences of an interaction between CVB3 particles and the cellular receptors, coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) and decay-accelerating factor ...
Enteroviruses, such as the coxsackievirus (CV) group, have been linked to the induction of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Virus tropism and tissue access are modulated by endothelial cells. To examine the susceptibility of microvascular endothelial cells (MECs) derived from pancreatic islets to infection with CV group B (CVB), purified cultured human islet MECs were infected with CVB-4 ...
Virotherapy is an emerging strategy for the treatment of cancer that utilizes both replication-competent and genetically modified viruses to selectively kill tumor cells. We have previously shown that Coxsackievirus A21 (CVA21), a common-cold producing enterovirus, is an effective oncolytic agent against human melanoma, prostate, and breast cancer xenografts in vivo. CVA21 specifically targets and ...
Dynamic factor models have been used to analyze continuous time series behavioral data. We extend 2 main dynamic factor model variations--the direct autoregressive factor score (DAFS) model and the white noise factor score (WNFS) model--to categorical DAFS and WNFS models ...
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The complement system plays a central part in both innate and acquired immunity, but the contribution of complement activation to pathobiology is largely ancillary. An exception to the non-dominant role of complement in disease is the haemolytic anaemia of paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria (PNH). The intravascular haemolysis that is the clinical hallmark of PNH is a consequence of deficiency of ...
Dr adhesins are expressed on the surface of uropathogenic and diffusely adherent strains of Escherichia coli. The major adhesin subunit (DraE/AfaE) of these organelles mediates attachment of the bacterium to the surface of the host cell and possibly intracellular invasion through its recognition of the complement regulator decay-accelerating factor ...
Medicinal benefits of Allium vegetables, such as garlic, have been noted throughout recorded history, including protection against cancer and cardiovascular disease. We now demonstrate that garlic constituent diallyl trisulfide (DATS) increases longevity of Caenorhabditis elegans by affecting the skn-1 pathway. Treatment of worms with 5-10 ?M DATS increased worm mean lifespan even when treatment ...
FoxO transcription factors (TFs) extend lifespan in invertebrates and may participate in the control of human longevity. The role of FoxO TFs in lifespan regulation has been studied most extensively in C. elegans, where a conserved insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) pathway and the germline both control lifespan by regulating the ...
Aging is a risk factor for the development of adult-onset neuro-degenerative diseases. While some of the molecular pathways regulating longevity and stress resistance in lower organisms are defined (i.e., those activating the transcriptional regulators DAF-16 and HSF-1 in C. elegans), their relevance to mammals and disease susceptibility are unknown. We ...
When environmental conditions are unsuitable to support nematode reproduction, Caenorhabditis elegans arrests development before the onset of sexual maturity and specialised 'dauer' larvae, adapted for dispersal, and extended diapause are formed. Dauer larvae do not feed and their metabolism is dependent on internal food reserves. Adult worms which express defects in the insulin/insulin-like ...
Pore-forming toxins (PFTs) are the single largest class of bacterial virulence factors. The DAF-2 insulin/insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling pathway, which regulates lifespan and stress resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans, is known to mutate to resistance to pathogenic bacteria. However, its role in responses against bacterial ...
The gravity response is an array of behavioral and physiological plasticity elicited by changes in ambient mechanical force and is an evolutionarily ancient adaptive mechanism. We show in Caenorhabditis elegans that the force of hypergravity is translated into biological signaling via a genetic pathway involving three factors: the degenerin/epithelial Na(+) channel (DEG/ENaC) ...
The gravity response is an array of behavioral and physiological plasticity elicited by changes in ambient mechanical force and is an evolutionarily ancient adaptive mechanism. We show in Caenorhabditis elegans that the force of hypergravity is translated into biological signaling via a genetic pathway involving three factors: the degenerin/epithelial ...
Toll-like receptors play a critical role in innate immunity by detecting invading pathogens. The ability of TLRs to engage different intracellular signaling molecules and cross-talk with other regulatory pathways is an important factor in shaping the type, magnitude, and duration of the inflammatory response. The present review will cover the fundamental signaling pathways ...
Contact with the bristles of the caterpillar Lonomia obliqua can cause serious hemorrhage. Previously it was reported that a procoagulant protein (Lopap) in the bristle extract of L. obliqua increases cell longevity by inhibiting apoptosis. In this work, we purified from bristle extract a factor X activator that stimulates proliferation of endothelial cells. This protein, ...
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Evolutionary theories of aging propose that longevity evolves as a competition between reproduction and somatic maintenance for a finite pool of resources. Reproduction is thought to shorten lifespan by depleting resources from processes promoting somatic maintenance. Maternal yolk production, vitellogenesis, represents a significant maternal cost for reproduction and is ...
BackgroundEvolutionary theories of aging propose that longevity evolves as a competition between reproduction and somatic maintenance for a finite pool of resources. Reproduction is thought to shorten lifespan by depleting resources from processes promoting somatic maintenance. Maternal yolk production, vitellogenesis, represents a significant maternal cost for reproduction and is suppressed under ...
Organisms and their cells vary greatly in their tolerance of low oxygen environments (hypoxia). A delineation of the determinants of hypoxia tolerance is incomplete, despite intense interest for its implications in diseases such as stroke and myocardial infarction. The insulin/IGF-1 receptor (IGFR) signaling pathway controls survival of Caenorhabditis elegans from a variety of stressors including ...
The measurement of dental fear is important due to its high prevalence and appreciable individual, clinical, and public health consequences. However, existing measures of dental anxiety and fear (DAF) have theoretical or practical limitations. This study describes the development and subsequent assessment of the reliability and validity of test scores of a new ...
The enterovirulent Escherichia coli strains potentially involved in inflammatory bowel diseases include diffusely adherent strains expressing Afa/Dr fimbriae (Afa/Dr DAEC). We have previously observed type 1 pilus-mediated interleukin-8 (IL-8) hyperproduction in infected neutrophils. As pathogen induction of host cell death programs and clearance of apoptotic infected cells are crucial for innate ...
Four methods for estimating a dynamic factor model, the direct autoregressive factor score (DAFS) model, are evaluated and compared. The first method estimates the DAFS model using a Kalman filter algorithm based on its state space model representation. The second one employs the maximum likelihood estimation ...
Tests with a compensating network show that the response of a thermopile pyranometer can be accelerated by a factor of about ten.
Afa/Dr diffusely adhering Escherichia coli (DAEC) bacteria that are responsible for recurrent urinary tract and gastrointestinal infections recognized as a receptor the glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein decay-accelerating factor (DAF; CD55) at the brush border of cultured human intestinal cells. Results show that ...
BackgroundThird-stage infective larvae (L3) of hookworms are in an obligatory state of developmental arrest that ends upon entering the definitive host, where they receive a signal that re-activates development. Recovery from the developmentally arrested dauer stage of Caenorhabditis elegans is analogous to the resumption of development during hookworm infection. Insulin-like signaling (ILS) ...
... Title : VOLTAGE ACCELERATION FACTOR VS. LONGEVITY AND CORONA DISCHARGES OF MICA CAPACITORS. Corporate Author : ...
Although induction of CD8 T-cell responses to transplants requires CD4-cell help, how this help is transmitted remains incompletely characterized. In vitro, cognate interactions between CD4 T cells and dendritic cells (DCs) induce C3a and C5a production. CD8(+) T cells lacking C3a receptor (C3aR) and C5a receptor (C5aR) proliferate weakly to allogeneic DCs despite CD4 help, indicating that ...
Identified as a major pathway controlling entry in the facultative dauer diapause stage, the DAF-2/Insulin receptor (InsR) signaling acts in multiple developmental and physiological regulation events in Caenorhabditis elegans. Here we identified a role of the insulin-like pathway in controlling developmental speed during the C. elegans second larval stage. This role relies on ...
The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans responds to conditions of overcrowding and limited food by arresting development as a dauer larva. Genetic analysis of mutations that alter dauer larva formation (daf mutations) is presented along with an updated genetic pathway for dauer vs. nondauer development. Mutations in the daf-2 and daf-23 ...
This thesis presents a systematic study of the application of DAFS to determine site-specific local structural and chemical information in complex materials, and the first application of state-of-the-art theoretical XAFS calculations using the computer program scFEFF to model DAFS data. In addition, the iterative dispersion analysis method, first suggested ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
BackgroundThe emergence of high throughput genome sequencing facilities and powerful high performance bioinformatic tools has highlighted hitherto unexpected wide occurrence of globins in the three kingdoms of life. In silico analysis of the genome of C. elegans identified 33 putative globin genes. It remains a mystery why this tiny animal might need so many globins. As an inroad to understanding ...
Background and purpose:Nitric oxide (NO) modulates expression of hypoxia inducible factor-1 (HIF-1), a transcription factor regulating function of myeloid cells. Here, we have assessed the role played by NO, formed by inducible NOS (iNOS), in the inflammation induced by aspirin in the gut, by modulating HIF-1 activity.Experimental approach:The role of ...
While insulin signaling has been extensively studied in Caenorhabditis elegans in the context of ageing and stress response, less is known about the factors underlying the secretion of insulin ligands upstream of the insulin receptor. Activation of the receptor governs the decision whether to progress through the reproductive lifecycle or to arrest growth and enter ...
Intraflagellar transport in cilia has been proposed as a crucial mediator of Hedgehog signal transduction during embryonic pattern formation in both vertebrates and invertebrates. Here, we show that the Hh receptor Patched-related factor DAF-6 and intraflagellar transport modulate serotonin production in Caenorhabditis elegans animals, by remodeling the ...
The insulin-like signaling (ILS) pathway regulates metabolism and is known to modulate adult life span in C. elegans. Altered stress responses and resistance to a wide range of stressors are also associated with changes in ILS and contribute to enhanced longevity. The transcription factors DAF-16 and HSF-1 are key effectors of the longevity phenotype. We ...
SummaryThe insulin-like signaling (ILS) pathway regulates metabolism and is known to modulate adult lifespan in C. elegans. Altered stress responses and resistance to a wide range of stressors are also associated with changes in ILS and contribute to enhanced longevity. The transcription factors DAF-16 and HSF-1 are key effectors of the longevity ...
Cells adapt to stressors by activating mechanisms that repair damage and protect them from further injury. Stress-induced damage accumulates with age and contributes to age associated diseases. Increased age attenuates the ability to mount a stress response, but little is known about the mechanisms by which this occurs. To begin addressing this problem, we studied hormesis in the nematode ...
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the greatest cause of mortality in the world, and dislipidemia is appearing as one of the most important risk factors. The binding of bile acids (BAs) has been hypothesized as a possible mechanism by which dietary fibers lower blood cholesterol levels. Besides the fibers, other components in the amaranth seeds may be related to this ...
CD59 is the major membrane attack complex of complement (MAC) inhibiting protein on human cells. Its regulation is therefore an important factor in determining the fate of cells at sites of complement activation. We have chosen the K562 erythroleukaemia cell line as a model for studies of the regulation of CD59 expression, because it has previously been reported that phorbol ...
We have recently shown that sphingomyelinase D toxins from the spider Loxosceles intermedia induce Complement (C) -dependent haemolysis of autologous erythrocytes by the induction of cleavage of cell-surface glycophorins through activation of a membrane-bound metalloproteinase. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of these toxins on C-regulator expression and the C-resistance of ...
We have shown previously that it is possible to target complement-mediated killing against cultured ovarian tumour cells in vitro. As malignant ovarian cells usually grow in solid nodules in vivo, we have in the present study examined the effectiveness of complement killing against ovarian teratocarcinoma cells (PA-1) growing in three-dimensional tumour microspheroids (TMSs). Our study shows that ...
IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is generally thought to be mediated by the glomerular deposition of circulating immune complexes containing IgA as the major antibody component. Upper respiratory infections and tonsillitis often precede IgAN, and in some cases tonsillectomy is effective for the treatment of IgAN. Thus, the tonsil seems to be a unique organ causing initial and/or progressive events to ...
contribute to naturally occurring variation in bristle number in Drosophila melanogaster. Genetics 149, 999�727 (1997). 19. Ogg, S. et al. The Fork head transcription factor DAF-16 transduces insulin-like metabolic in Drosophila melanogaster embryos, and is one of the best characterized eukaryotic enhancers2�4 . Although even
The results of performance tests of a DAF Indal 50 kW vertical axis wind turbine are presented. Results of limited free stream turbulence and vertical wind shear measurements at the site are also presented. The close agreement between measured and predicted energy outputs, required to verify the wind turbine power output performance relationship, was not attained. A discussion ...
of the phosphate and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN) anti-oncogene, which converts PIP3 back). Conditions that favor p44 versus p53 will down-regulate PTEN � thus releasing its inhibitory block, coding for a FOXO family transcription factor, daf-18, cod- ing for PTEN, and chico, coding
... Title : ANALYSIS OF EXPOSURE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE IMAGE QUALITY IN LINEAR ACCELERATOR RADIOGRAPHY. ...
A neurosecretory pathway regulates a reversible developmental arrest and metabolic shift at the Caenorhabditis elegans dauer larval stage. Defects in an insulin-like signaling pathway cause arrest at the dauer stage. We show here that two C. elegans Akt/PKB homologs, akt-1 and akt-2, transduce insulin receptor-like signals that inhibit dauer arrest and that AKT-1 and AKT-2 signaling are ...
We studied the role of the association between glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored proteins and glycosphingolipid (GSL) clusters in apical targeting using gD1-DAF, a GPI-anchored protein that is differentially sorted by three epithelial cell lines. Differently from MDCK cells, where both gD1-DAF and glucosylceramide (GlcCer) are sorted to the ...
CD59, the membrane regulator of autologous C5b-9 channel formation, exhibits variable sensitivity to cleavage by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PI-PLC), an enzyme that releases glyco-inositolphospholipid (GPI)-anchored proteins from cell surfaces. To determine whether the GPI-anchor phospholipid of CD59 is similar to that of decay-accelerating ...
We have developed a general method for screening randomly mutagenized expression libraries in mammalian cells by using fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). The cDNA sequence of a secreted protein is randomly mutagenized by PCR under conditions of reduced Taq polymerase fidelity. The mutated DNA is inserted into an expression vector encoding the membrane glycophospholipid anchor sequence of ...
Decay accelerating factor (DAF), membrane cofactor protein (MCP), complement receptor 1 and mouse Crry are cell surface-bound complement regulatory proteins capable of inhibiting C3 convertase activity on cell membranes, and therefore provide a substantial protection from attack by homologous complement activated either by the ...
Proteomic analysis of samples isolated by laser capture microdissection from clinical specimens requires sample preparation and fractionation methods suitable for small amounts of protein. Here we describe a streamlined filter-aided sample preparation (FASP) workflow that allows efficient analysis of lysates from low numbers of cells. Addition of carrier substances such as polyethylene glycol or ...
Clinical evidence indicates that electroacupuncture (EA) is effective for allergic disorder. Recent animal studies have shown that EA treatment reduces levels of IgE and Th2 cytokines in BALB/c mice immunized with 2,4-dinitrophenylated keyhole limpet protein (DNP-KLH). The hypothalamus, a brain center of the neural-immune system, is known to be activated by EA stimulation. This study was performed ...
Ultraviolet (u.v.) inactivated Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) induces rapid calcium flux in na�ve BALB/c CD4+ T cells. CD4+ cells lacking decay accelerating factor (DAF-/-) show little calcium flux indicating that virus cross-linking of this virus receptor protein is necessary for calcium signaling in CVB3 infection. Interaction of CVB3 ...
The aetiopathogenesis of chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) in children is not yet fully understood. OME is characterized by metaplasia of the epithelium and accumulation of sticky, glue-like effusion in the middle ear containing different mediators of inflammation, including activation fragments of the complement system. Here we examined whether the fluid phase complement activation is ...
Decay-accelerating factor (DAF) is anchored in cell membranes by a glycosyl-plasmanylinositol (GPI) moiety that is transferred to it en bloc in the rough endoplasmic reticulum. To analyze the biochemical reactions involved in preassembly of this structure, a human hematopoietic cell-free system was employed. Incubation of cell extracts ...
... ACCELERATION PROCESS SUITABLE FOR SPACE PROPULSION AND FUSION INJECTION ... factors (the ratio of the directed kinetic energy to the ...
... the many factors in the weather which contribute ... specimens cut from the weathered sheets of ... during exposure to accelerated weathering cycles in ...
The results of accelerated stress testing of four different types of silicon terrestrial solar cells
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
... Accession Number : ADD424696. Title : Accelerators for the Organic Peroxide Curing of Polyesters and Factors Influencing their Behavior,. ...
... ACCELERATED LIFE TESTING OF METALLIC RECTIFIERS ... FACTORS AFFECTING LIFE CHARACTERISTICS CF METALLIC RECTIFIERS ...
Cilia are ubiquitous cell surface projections that mediate various sensory- and motility-based processes and are implicated in a growing number of multi-organ genetic disorders termed ciliopathies. To identify new components required for cilium biogenesis and function, we sought to further define and validate the transcriptional targets of DAF-19, the ciliogenic C. elegans RFX ...
In many organisms, dietary restriction appears to extend lifespan, at least in part, by down-regulating the nutrient-sensor TOR (Target Of Rapamycin). TOR inhibition elicits autophagy, the large-scale recycling of cytoplasmic macromolecules and organelles. In this study, we asked whether autophagy might contribute to the lifespan extension induced by dietary restriction in C. elegans. We find that ...
Mice lacking Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) show accelerated, age-related loss of muscle mass. Lack of SOD1 may lead to increased superoxide, reduced nitric oxide (NO), and increased peroxynitrite, each of which could initiate muscle fiber loss. Single muscle fibers from flexor digitorum brevis of wild-type (WT) and Sod1(-/-) mice were loaded with NO-sensitive ...
Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is caused by polyalanine expansion in nuclear protein PABPN1 [poly(A) binding protein nuclear 1] and characterized by muscle degeneration. Druggable modifiers of proteotoxicity in degenerative diseases, notably the longevity modulators sirtuins, may constitute useful therapeutic targets. However, the modifiers of mutant PABPN1 are unknown. Here, we report ...
The methionine sulfoxide reductase system has been implicated in aging and protection against oxidative stress. This conserved system reverses the oxidation of methionine residues within proteins. We analyzed one of the components of this system, the methionine sulfoxide reductase A gene, in Caenorhabditis elegans. We found that the msra-1 gene is expressed in most tissues, particularly in the ...
... Accession Number : ADA198408. Title : Optimum acceleration factors for iterative solutions of linear and non-linear systems. ...
Page 1. REPORT NO. NADC-84021-60 FACTORS AFFECTING HUMAN TOLERANCE TO SUSTAINED ACCELERATION Leonid Hrebien, Ph. ...
... Accession Number : ADA138520. Title : Factors Affecting Human Tolerance to Sustained Acceleration. Descriptive Note : Interim rept. ...
Although many genes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of common neurodegenerative diseases, the genetic and cellular mechanisms that maintain neuronal integrity during normal aging remain elusive. Here we show that Caenorhabditis elegans touch receptor and cholinergic neurons display age-dependent morphological defects, including cytoskeletal disorganization, axon beading, and ...
The human complement system is an important component of innate immunity. Complement-derived products mediate functions contributing to pathogen killing and elimination. However, inappropriate activation of the system contributes to the pathogenesis of immunological and inflammatory diseases. Complement component 3 (C3) occupies a central position because of the manifold biological activities of ...
Jan 31, 2003 ... During my "Icy" final review I discovered a bug in a DAF interface. If you don't use routine calls with the format cspice_daf*, ...
NASA Website
Aging is a complex phenotype responsive to a plethora of environmental inputs; yet only a limited number of transcriptional regulators are known to influence life span. How the downstream expression programs mediated by these factors (or others) are coordinated into common or distinct set of aging effectors is an addressable question in model organisms, such as C. elegans. ...
BackgroundIn the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, a conserved insulin-like signaling pathway controls larval development, stress resistance and adult lifespan. AGE-1, a homolog of the p110 catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3K) comprises the major known effector pathway downstream of the insulin receptor, DAF-2. Phospholipid products of AGE-1/PI3K activate ...
Department ofthe Air Force (DAF) and the National Aeronautics and Space ... of research efforts between the two organizations in the area of aeronautics. ... The DAF and NASA agree to cooperate and collaborate, in the best interest of ...
Page 1. DAFS Storage for High Performance Computing using MPI-I/O: Design and Experience Vijay Velusamy, Anthony ...
... Title : DAFS Storage for High Performance Computing ... and benefiting from industry standards that ... High performance computing systems based on ...
The proteasome maintains cellular homeostasis by degrading oxidized and damaged proteins, a function known to be impaired during aging. The proteasome also acts in a regulatory capacity through E3 ligases to mediate the spatially and temporally controlled breakdown of specific proteins that impact biological processes. We have identified components of a Skp1-Cul1-F-Box E3 ligase complex that are ...
Many studies have addressed the effect of dietary glycemic index on obesity and diabetes, but little is known about its effect on life span itself. We found that adding a small amount of glucose to the medium (2%) shortened the life span of C. elegans by inhibiting the activities of life span-extending transcription factors that are also inhibited by insulin signaling: the ...
The acceleration efficiency of a laser driven linear accelerator is analyzed. The laser power, loss factor and impedances determine the maximum charge that can be accelerated and the efficiency of that acceleration. The accelerator structure can be incorporated into a laser ...
DOE Information Bridge
Results are presented of experimental investigations of the volt--ampere charactaeristics of a discharge between the electrodes of an MHD accelerator, of the longitudinal boundary effect, the Hall voltage on different components of the accelerator, etc. The results obtained are numerically analyzed and the main factors determining the ...
Access to the article is free, however registration and sign-in are required: lin-4, an evolutionarily conserved microRNA, and its regulatory target lin-14, encoding a nuclear protein, constitute a biological timing mechanism that advances Caenorhabditis elegans larval development. In his Perspective, Antebi discusses the report by Boehm and Slack that shows how these components may also regulate ...
NSDL National Science Digital Library
... of the Russian Military: Constraints, Trends, and Factors Affecting Stability and ... by accelerating the development of those positive factors identified ...
... MILITARY AIRCRAFT, *HUMAN FACTORS ENGINEERING, *MAN ... MISSIONS, USER NEEDS, WORKLOAD, ESCAPE SYSTEMS, ACCELERATION ...
The analysis of morphological changes that occur in the nervous system during normal aging could provide insight into cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease. Previous studies have suggested that the nervous system of Caenorhabditis elegans maintains its structural integrity with age despite the deterioration of surrounding tissues. Unexpectedly, we observed that neurons in aging animals ...
... canals and a knowledge of cupuloendolymph mechanisms, the role of adaptation effects and the influence of secondary etiological factors are all ...
