The Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP) is a proposed space-based experiment designed to study the dark energy and alternative explanations of the acceleration of the Universe's expansion by performing a series of complementary systematics-controlled astr...

The Supernova Acceleration Probe (SNAP) will use Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as distance indicators to measure the effect of dark energy on the expansion history of the Universe. (SNAP's weak-lensing program is described in a separate White Paper.) The ex...

The SuperNova Acceleration Probe (SNAP) instrument is being designed to collect image and spectroscopic data for the study of dark energy in the universe. In this paper, we describe a distributed architecture for the data acquisition system which interfac...

This tutorial paper discusses, at a basic level, some of the diagnostics used in plasma accelerators laboratories. Covered are measurements of laser beams, using probe laser beams to characterize the plasma itself (as opposed to the plasma wave accelerating structure) in various ways, including density fluctuations in the plasma and ...

Higher energy accelerators continue to play an important role in nuclear physics, probing ever more deeply into the properties and behavior of the constituents of nuclear matter. Three main projectile-types currently used are electrons, light hadrons (protons, mesons) and heavy ions; each addresses different aspects of the reaction process. Current and ...

Higher energy accelerators continue to play an important role in nuclear physics, probing ever more deeply into the properties and behavior of the constituents of nuclear matter. Three main projectile-types currently used are electrons, light hadrons (pro...

Virtual impactors are currently being used in a number of instruments to separate an aerosol into different size ranges. The virtual impactor is a variation of the standard impactor in which the impaction surface is replaced by an orifice into which particles can pass and be collected or counted. We have made an experimental study of the collection characteristics of virtual ...

The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator group develops accelerating structures based on dielectric loaded waveguides. We use high charge short electron bunches to excite wakefields in dielectric loaded structures, and a second (low charge) beam to probe the wakefields left behind by the drive beam. We report measurements of beam parameters ...

Compared to conventional particle accelerators, plasmas can sustain accelerating fields that are thousands of times higher. To exploit this ability, massively parallel SciDAC particle simulations provide physical insight into the development of next-generation accelerators that use laser-driven plasma waves. These plasma-based ...

We have developed a new method for measuring the electromagnetic fields (wake fields) induced in high-frequency accelerating devices by intense relativistic electron bunches. These fields are probed by a second collinear electron bunch which follows the primary bunch at a variable delay. Initial results for several iris-loaded rf structure geometries are ...

... Descriptors : *ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, *LINEAR ACCELERATORS, *MICROWAVES, *TRAVELING WAVE ELECTRON ACCELERATORS ...

Results are presented from experimental studies of the electromagnetic acceleration of a hydrogen or deuterium plasma in an inverse Z-pinch geometry. The acceleration dynamics of the plasma shell was simulated in a zero-dimensional model and was measured with magnetic probes. The ion energy spectrum in the plasma ...

The Transient Internal Probe (TIP) is a diagnostic for the direct measurement of internal local magnetic or electric fields with high spatial and temporal resolution (1 cm, 1 MHz). A two-stage light-gas gun launches an optic probe at high velocity (1.5 km/s � 1.8 km/s) so that the probe can transit the plasma before severe ablation ...

The Saclay linear accelerator was originally designed to use the electromagnetic interaction in research on the structure of the nucleus. Unlike experiments with hadrons the data obtained are independent of the reaction mechanism. For this reason experime...

... Accession Number : AD0193078. Title : MOBILE LINEAR ACCELERATOR PROBES BIG WELDS. Corporate Author : Report Date : FEB 1961. ...

In this academy transactions note, we study a type of relativistic interstellar flight that would enable an unmanned space probe to reach the nearest stars in a few decades� time. �Time� here means �proper time�, that is the time aboard the probe, a little shorter than the time elapsed on Earth for the same flight. We ...

Transport of hydrogen-isotope particles, D and H, in the scrape-off layer (SOL) of JFT-2M having S.S.304 wall (partially covered with carbon about 40%) was studied using an accelerator-based collector probe method. Here irradiation conditions were provide...

There is a growing interest in the scientific community in the use of accelerators to produce relativistic heavy ion beams for a number of purposes. It now appears that relativistic heavy ion collisions may provide an opportunity to study nuclear matter far from equilibrium density, pressure, and temperature. Heavy ion beams can also be used as simulated ...

mission's primary scientific goal: to understand how the Sun's corona is heated and how the solar wind is accelerated. Solar Probe will revolutionize our ...

We study cosmological constraints on the various accelerating models of the universe using the time evolution of the cosmological redshift of distant sources. The important characteristic of this test is that it directly probes the expansion history of the universe. In this work we analyze the various models of the universe which can ...

... PARTICLE ACCELERATORS, *TRITIUM, *PRODUCTION ENGINEERING, FEASIBILITY STUDIES, PARTICLE ACCELERATOR TARGETS, HELIUM ...

... In a discussion of plasma diagnostics, the techniques of Langmuir probes, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, spectroscopy, and photography are ...

The philosophy of these tests is to measure the motion of a low current, small diameter electron beam in the accelerator before running high current. By using low current, we can study particle motion in the applied fields without any extra complications associated with the self-forces of high currents. With the steering magnets off, we have measured the ...

accelerate electrons? Parameter dependence of electron acceleration at shocks ? ... al., 2005). Many studies on ions, but how about electron acceleration ? ...

The Solar Probe Science and Technology Definition Team (STDT) recently completed a detailed study of the Solar Probe Mission based on an earliest launch date of October 2014. Solar Probe, when implemented, will be the first close encounter by a spacecraft with a star (i.e., 3 RS above the Sun's photosphere). The ...

The Compact Toroid Injection Experiment (CTIX) produces a compact toroid plasma configuration with toroidal and poloidal magnetic field components. After formation, the compact toroid is accelerated to high speeds, 10-30 cm/�s, in the acceleration section. The resultant high kinetic energy density of these accelerated compact toroids ...

Solar flares accelerate both ions and electrons to high energies, and their X-ray and gamma-ray signatures not only probe the relationship between their respective acceleration, but also allow for the measurement of accelerated and ambient abundances. RHESSI observations have shown a striking close linear ...

Solar flares accelerate both ions and electrons to high energies, and their X-ray and gamma-ray signatures not only probe the relationship between their respective acceleration, but also allow for the measurement of accelerated and ambient abundances. RHESSI observations have shown a striking close linear ...

... STUDIES OF PROBE DIFFUSION IN AMORPHOUS POLYMERS ... 5. Probe Diffusion of CQ In Polybutadiene of Varying Degree of Branching ...

Non-invasive Laser-driven Atomic-probe-beam Diagnostic (LAD) based on the resonance laser excitation of an atomic probe beam with a density of 10^12-1013 cm-3 can be applied to investigate high power ion beam diodes and other pulsed power devices. A variant of the LAD has been developed to study the accelerating ...

Non-invasive Laser-driven Atomic-probe-beam Diagnostic (LAD) based on the resonance laser excitation of an atomic probe beam with a density of 10^12-10^13 cm-3 can be applied to investigate high power ion beam diodes and other pulsed power devices. A variant of the LAD has been developed to study the accelerating ...

A short overview is presented of results from the initial accelerator-based studies of collisions of heavy nuclei at high energies. Some comments are made on the global observables studied and their implications for achieving conditions for deconfinement. Finally, information available from certain more specific ...

Deposition probes are commonly used to determine plasma edge characteristics in tokamaks. Such probes are frequently analyzed using accelerator-based techniques and can yield information on impurity fluxes, hydrogen fluxes and energies, and surface erosion rates in the plasma edge. Several types of deposition ...

This study reports the hybridization kinetics of double-stranded DNA probes for rapid molecular analysis. Molecular binding schemes based on double-stranded DNA probes have been developed for quantitative detection of various biomolecules, such as nucleic acids and DNA binding proteins recently. The thermodynamic competition between ...

... Accession Number : ADA101766. Title : Preliminary Study of the Effects of Prolonged Acceleration on Spinal Dynamics of Baboons. 1. Acceleration. ...

The ability of malaria parasites to respond positively to the presence of feeding mosquito vectors would clearly be advantageous to transmission. In this study, Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes probed mice infected with the rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium chabaudi. Growth of asexual stages was accelerated and gametocytes appeared ...

A testing platform is designed to study ion beam neutralization in the mesothermal, collisionless region. In the experimental setup, argon neutrals were ionized in a microwave cavity and accelerated by a plasma lens system which was biased to 2500 V above the system ground. Electrons were boiled off from two hot tungsten filaments to neutralize the ion ...

Recent observations of supernova remnants (SNRs) hint that they accelerate cosmic rays to energies close to ~1015 electron volts. However, the nature of the particles that produce the emission remains ambiguous. We report observations of SNR W44 with the Fermi Large Area Telescope at energies between 2 � 108 electron volts and 3 �1011 electron volts. The detection of a ...

The understanding of the interaction of a target magnetic field and a moving SCT is critical to the design of a refueling system. In our experiment, a zero beta target field is used to simulate the low beta target plasma. We have investigated previously on the effect of magnetic field on the coaxial acceleration of the SCT by placing external coils around the ...

A developing Fermi legacy for gamma-ray burst and blazar science is the ability of the LAT to pin down the power-law index of the high energy portion of emission in these sources, and therefore also the index of the underlying non-thermal particle population. This provides, for the first time, clean diagnostics on the shock acceleration environment in the jets/outflows in ...

... Title : STUDIES OF THE DYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF LANGMUIR PROBES. ... Abstract : The dynamic behavior of a Langmuir probe immersed in a ...

We present a short (and necessarily incomplete) review of the evidence for the accelerated expansion of the Universe. The most direct probe of acceleration relies on the detailed study of supernovae (SN) of type Ia. Assuming that these are standardizable candles and that they fairly sample a homogeneous and ...

... Accession Number : ADA129723. Title : Prospects for Optical Probing of the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability in Ablatively-Accelerated Foil Targets. ...

Microwave heating accelerates quantitative squaraine rotaxane formation by slipping and facilitates production of a bacterial imaging probe with zinc dipicolylamine targeting ligands.

... Study of the Requirements for an Acceleration Facility for Bio-Engineering Research and the Feasibility of Establishing Such in the Atlanta Area. ...

In order to increase accessibility to the {mu}SR spectroscopy for people in various fields of science and engineering, a conceptual design study was made to realize a compact and inexpensive muon source by using 300-MeV electron microtron and a large-acceptance muon-capture. Advanced radiography imaging with muon spin probes will become possible for ...

... Abstract : The response of cylindrical Langmuir probes in magnetoplasmas is studied from a ... of density, temperature, and the applied probe potential ...

... of probe and gas contamination on cylindrical Langmuir probe measurements in a ... in the laboratory application of Langmuir probes were identified. ...

Current high-intensity laser sources offer a multitude of research, experiment and application possibilities, ranging from e.g. ionisation studies of atomic and molecular systems to particle acceleration for medical purposes. Planned upgrades of existing laser sources will further increase the deliverable intensities and make certain lowintensity (as ...

In this study, the authors show a method of enhancing the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization efficiency by exploiting the photovoltaic effect. The arrayed microchip is fabricated in a semiconductor wafer coated with metal thin films to immobilize the probe DNA. Hybridization between immobilized probe DNAs and fluorescent-labeled ...

A pick-up parallel-setting high order mode coupler (pps-HOM coupler) has been fabricated at Peking University. It has been tested on a coaxial transmission line and a 2-cell TESLA-shape copper cavity. The test result of the 2-cell TESLA cavity shows that the coupler can cut off the fundamental mode TM010 and absorb HOMs electively. As its RF properties are insensitive to the ...

Because of the relative immunity of muons to synchrotron radiation, the idea of using them instead of electrons as probes in high-energy physics experiments has existed for some time, but applications were limited by the short muon lifetime. The production and survival of an adequate supply of low-emittance muons will determine the available luminosity in a high-energy physics ...

At the Argonne Chemistry Division efforts are underway to develop a sub-picosecond electron beam pulse radiolysis facility for chemical studies. The target output of the accelerator is to generate electron pulses that can be adjusted from 3nC in .6ps to 100nC in 45ps. In conjunction with development of the accelerator a ...

We study the possibility of testing experimentally signatures of P-odd effects related to the vorticity of the medium. The chiral vortaic effect is generalized to the case of conserved charges different from the electric one. In the case of baryonic charge and chemical potential, such an effect should manifest itself in neutron asymmetries measured by the Multipurpose Detector ...

Current trends in research in medium energy physics with electromagnetic probes are reviewed briefly and design objectives are proposed for a continuous beam 2 GeV electron accelerator. Various types of accelerator systems are discussed and exploratory designs developed for two concepts, the linac-stretcher ring and a double-sided ...

H{sup -} beams are useful for multi-turn charge-exchange stripping injection into circular accelerators. Studies on a modified ion source for this purpose are presented. This paper includes some theory about a H{sup -} magnetron discharge, ion-electron emission, emittance and problems linked with emittance measurement and calculations. Investigated ...

The ability of the localizing system of the dolphin Tursiops truncatus to discriminate the dynamic characteristics of an object being located (a radially moving target) was studied. Measurements were made of the thresholds of the animals' sensitivity to the target speed (2.6 cm/sec) and acceleration (0.6 cm/sec(2)). For location of a target moving at ...

The SuperNova Acceleration Probe (SNAP) instrument is being designed to collect image and spectroscopic data for the study of dark energy in the universe. In this paper, we describe a distributed architecture for the data acquisition system which interfaces to visible light and infrared imaging detectors. The architecture includes the ...

A 0.220-caliber smooth-bore gun, six ionization probes, and a vacuum range were used to investigate the behavior of ionization, in the trail of ultra- speed projectiles, as a junction of the pressure of the medium through which the projectiles were accelerated and as a function of the distance from the end of the accelerator to ...

... oblique detonations in the ram accelerator: Can the concept of using a stable, oblique detonation actually be viable for ram accelerators? ...

... Pagination or Media Count : 56. Abstract : An electron probe is a finely focused beam of electrons accelerated through a potential of 5 to 40kv. ...

... Wray, CAPTAIN, MC, USN Director Aviation Medical Acceleration ... composition of the breathing gas, and in ... systems of small space bio- probes has ...

Large amplitude electron plasma waves (EPW), which are produced by ultrashort laser pulses, are of great interest for particle acceleration or photon acceleration. In this study, we present the temporally and spatially resolved measurements of the electron density perturbation produced by the laser wakefield (LWF) process. 0.6 TW ...

Research on forming, compressing, and accelerating milligram-range compact toroids using a meter diameter, two-stage, puffed gas, magnetic field embedded coaxial plasma gun is described. The compact toroids that are studied are similar to spheromaks, but they are threaded by an inner conductor. This research effort, named MARAUDER (Magnetically ...

Beam-driven plasma wakefield accelerators (PWFA), such as the ``plasma afterburner,'' are a promising approach for significantly increasing the particle energies of conventional accelerators. The study and optimization of PWFA would benefit from an experimental correlation between the parameters of the drive bunch, the ...

High intense electromagnetic fields can be unique probes to study natures of macroscopic vacua by themselves. Combining accelerators with the intense field can provide more fruitful probes which can neither be achieved by only intense fields nor only high energy accelerators. We will overview ...

A detailed experimental study successfully demonstrates the acceleration of frozen hydrogen pellets by means of a fuseless two-stage electromagnetic railgun system. This system consists of a pneumatic hydrogen pellet injector, which freezes and pneumatically pre-accelerates (with high-pressure helium as the propellant gas) cylindrical ...

A swept-bias Langmuir probe diagnostic was employed with the DIII-D neutral beam ion source in an effort to study the effects of filament temperature, arc power, and backstreaming energetic electrons on the electron temperature and density of the arc discharge inside the ion source arc chamber. The arc chamber contains six Langmuir ...

A study was undertaken to determine if movable probes or struts positioned in the nozzle can be used

The Solar Probe Science and Technology Definition Team (STDT) recently completed a detailed study of

... characteristic and magnitude of the single probe floating potential. (Author). Descriptors : (*LANGMUIR PROBES, PERFORMANCE(ENGINEERING ...

A brief introduction to electron scattering with polarized beams as a precise tool for studying electromagnetic structure of nucleons and nuclei will be presented. The status of a parity violating experiment SAMPLE at Bates using a polarized beam to probe the strange quark content of proton will be reported. The polarized source at Bates as used for the ...

An x-ray microanalyzer is used for studying autoradiograms by the autoradiography - x-ray microanalysis (ARG - XRMA) method. The operating conditions of the microanalyzer are optimized by optimizing the electron accelerating voltage (15 kV), probe current (30 nA), and time of pulse counting (100 sec). X-ray background components are ...

A series of radiation tests has been completed on several dielectrics and magnetics at the White Sands Linear Accelerator (LINAC) Facility. Capacitors were tested at applied voltages ranging from zero to the rated values. Current probes were used to measu...

We review the compelling case for establishing a capability to accelerate positrons at Jefferson Lab. The potential applications range from the study of two-photon exchange and deeply-virtual Compton scattering to exploiting the charged current weak interaction to probe the flavor structure of hadrons and nuclei. There are also ...

We review the compelling case for establishing a capability to accelerate positrons at Jefferson Lab. The potential applications range from the study of two-photon exchange and deeply-virtual Compton scattering to exploiting the charged current weak interaction to probe the flavor structure of hadrons and nuclei. There are also ...

This talk is devoted to a brief review of the experimental program for the new generation of multi GeV continuous beam electron accelerator facilities. First, the kinematic variables used in electron scattering are reviewed, three experiments which are representative of previous work in this field are described, and some comparisons are made between electron and hadronic ...

to the vicinity of the maximum plasma density gradient and appears only at low neutral pressure. Based.e. into where the plasma expands, with a low background neutral pressure (10-6 cm-3 ) by using emissive probes. /v g Recently, Charles and Boswell [50] reported measurements of a discontinuity in the plasma

. Smith for the CLAS Collaboration Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, 12000 Jefferson Avenue of this asymmetry. We will review the current experimental program to study DVCS at Jefferson Lab. Recent high toward probing GPD's at Jefferson Lab. There are two dedicated DVCS experiments approved to run using 6

This study evaluated the use of phototherapy in the healing of mixed leg ulcers in two diabetic patients (type 2) with arterial hypertension. The device had probe 1 (one 660 nm LED, 5 mW) applied in 3 ulcers and probe 2 (32 890 nm LEDs associated with 4 660 nm LEDs, 500 mW) in 6 ulcers. After asepsis, ulcers were treated with ...

Correct adjustment of the UNILAC accelerating structures requires precise knowledge of the intensity distribution of the beam in a longitudinal phase space. Electromagnetic measurement procedures can fill this role when the applied probes and the accessor...

Although it has been studied for many decades there is no comprehensive theoretical model that describes particle heating and acceleration commonly observed in space and astrophysical plasmas. Magnetic reconnection is considered to be the main process that causes ion heating and acceleration; however, the fundamentals of reconnection ...

Probing the atmospheres and surfaces of the planets and their moons with fast moving entry probes has been a very useful and essential technique to obtain in situ or quasi in situ scientific data (ground truth) which could not otherwise be obtained from fly by or orbiter only missions and where balloon, aircraft or lander missions are too complex and too ...

Understanding the nature of the dark energy responsible of the apparent acceleration of the Universe is one of the most challenging questions of our modern Cosmology and Fundamental Physics. On both side of the Atlantic a great deal of effort has been spent to design and optimize space missions able to probe the nature of this dark energy. These missions ...

Some applications of particle accelerators in chemistry and biology are presented and discussed. Accent is placed on the use of electron storage rings to produce synchrotron radiation, the use of electron accelerators to probe the kinetic properties of shortlived chemical entities and on the radiation biological and biomedical uses of ...

The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator group develops accelerating structures based on dielectric loaded waveguides. We use high charge short electron bunches to excite wakefields in dielectric loaded structures, and a second (low charge) beam to probe the wak...

Equivalence-principle experiments with ordinary matter probe the gravivector acceleration of antimatter in the same way as do direct measurements of antimatter in free fall and set stringent upper limits on the gravivector acceleration of antimatter predicted by certain quantum-gravity models.

Previous research with rail guns is reviewed. Experiments indicated that curved rails confined plasma better than parallel plates or wires. The signals in some experiments indicated the presence of electrons rather than plasma, but acceleration of plasma with rail type equipment was achieved. During the period a second rail gun system that permits automatic or ...

The current collection characteristics of a moving cylindrical Langmuir probe are evaluated for a range of probe speeds and potentials which are applicable to earth and planetary measurements. The current expressions derived include the cases of the general accelerated current, sheath area limited current, orbital motion ...

Current trends in research in medium energy physics with electromagnetic probes are reviewed briefly and design objectives are proposed for a national continuous beam 2 GeV electron accelerator. Various types of accelerator systems are discussed and exploratory designs developed for two concepts, the linac-stretcher ring and a modified ...

We are studying the use of 0.1-1.0 GeV laser-accelerated electron beams as active interrogation probes for long-standoff radiography or nuclear activation of concealed special nuclear material. Use of beams in this energy range is largely unexplored, but such beams could provide notable advantages over lower-energy beams and x-rays. ...

We are studying the use of 0.1 1.0 GeV laser-accelerated electron beams as active interrogation probes for long-standoff radiography or nuclear activation of concealed special nuclear material. Use of beams in this energy range is largely unexplored, but such beams could provide notable advantages over lower-energy beams and x-rays. ...

A phenomenological account of particle acceleration is provided along with a detailed summary of the current status of theoretical studies of particle acceleration. Problems are presented which remain when specific mechanisms and observations are confronted. The following specific topics are addressed: solar particle ...

... 42 Luminescence Probe Studies of lonomers. ... 2, 1989 1 16. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION Luminescence Probe Studies of lonomers. ...

... Descriptors : *PARTICLE ACCELERATORS, *PLASMAS(PHYSICS), *BETATRONS, BETATRONS, PLASMAS(PHYSICS), INSTRUMENTATION ...

... Descriptors : *INDEXES, *VOCABULARY, *ACCELERATION TOLERANCE, TEST EQUIPMENT, AEROSPACE MEDICINE, CENTRIFUGES. ...

... HUMAN TOLERANCE TO ACCELERATION Prepared under Contract No. ... IN THE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN TOLERANCE TO ACCELERATION ...