Recent interest in the production of epithermal neutrons for use in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has prompted an investigation into the feasibility of generating such neutrons with a tandem cascade accelerator. Accelerator-produced neutrons in the...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
. Scott. The design and testing high power lithium target for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy. Research and Development in Neutron Capture Therapy, Eds.: W. Sauerwein, R. Moss, and A. Wittig . - , , . , . [1] B. Bayanov, et al. Accelerator based neutron ...
E-print Network
Oak Ridge National Laboratory Physics Division The Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator Pulsed Neutron Source The ORELA is a powerful electron accelerator-based neutron source...
Science.gov Websites
An Accelerator-based Neutron Generator is described that consists of a 30-MeV deuteron linear accelerator using a flowing liquid lithium target. With a continuous deuteron current of 100 milliamperes, a source intensity of more than 10 exp 16 neutrons per...
A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for ...
In this work we present an optimized neutron beam shaping assembly for epithermal Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT) and discuss the simulations leading to its design.
Energy Citations Database
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
threshold for accelerator boron neutron capture therapy. Med. Phys. 27(1), 192�202 (2000). 11. Schmid, EAN ACCELERATOR-BASED NEUTRON MICROBEAM SYSTEM FOR STUDIES OF RADIATION EFFECTS Yanping Xu1 2010 A novel neutron microbeam is being developed at the Radiological Research ...
A pilot accelerator-based source of epithermal neutrons, which is intended for wide application in clinics for boron neutron capture therapy, has been constructed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk). A stationary proton beam has been obtained and near-threshold neutron generation regime has ...
Several accelerator-based neutron capture therapy applications are under development. These applications include boron neutron capture therapy for glioblastoma multiform and boron neutron capture synovectomy (BNCS) for rheumatoid arthritis. These modalities use accelerator-based ...
An accelerator-driven spallation neutron-source target/blanket system has been developed for the production of tritium. The system employs a proton linear accelerator, and a lead neutron-producing target, surrounded by tritium-producing blankets based on ...
Within the frame of an ongoing project to develop a folded Tandem-Electrostatic-Quadrupole (TESQ) accelerator facility for Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT), we discuss here the electrostatic design of the machine, including the accelerator tubes with electrostatic quadrupoles and the ...
PubMed
The decommissioning of reactor-based neutron sources in the USA has led to the development of a new generation of neutron sources that employ high-energy accelerators. Among the accelerator-based neutron sources presently in operation, the highest-flux so...
for neutron capture therapy is under construction now at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, NovosibirskAccelerator based neutron source for neutron capture therapy B. Bayanov, Yu. Belchenko, V. Belov, V Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk) and ...
This paper outlines the major activities and applications of the Unified Accelerator Library environment for the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) Ring.
May 6, 2011... system for the Spallation Neutron Source, an accelerator-based neutron ... X -ray diffraction is a complex process which requires several ...
NASA Website
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator-based high-power project currently in preparation under the direction of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The complex is based on an H-linear accelerator, a rapid cycling proton synchrotro...
... Accession Number : AD0196177. Title : PARTICLE ACCELERATORS AS NEUTRON SOURCES FOR NEUTRON RADIOGRAPHS. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
The overall goal of this project was to develop an accelerator-based neutron source (ABNS) for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Specifically, our goals were to design, and confirm by measurement, a target assembly and a moderator assembly that would fulfill the design requirements of the ABNS. These design requirements were 1) ...
DOE Information Bridge
UNH was assigned the responsibility to use their accelerator neutron measurements to verify the TASC response function and to modify the TASC fitting program to include a high energy neutron contribution. Direct accelerator-based measurements by UNH of th...
The accelerator tubes are essential components of the accelerator. Their function is to transport and accelerate a very intense proton or deuteron beam through the machine, from the ion source to the neutron production target, without significant losses. In this contribution, we discuss materials selected for the ...
The development of new neutron sources for BNCT applications, based on particle accelerators is currently underway all over the world. Though nuclear reactors were used for a long time as the only neutron source available having the requested flux levels, the accelerator-based ones have ...
A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for the beam shaping assembly made from polytetrafluoroethylene ...
We describe Monte Carlo simulations of three facilities for the production of epithermal neutrons for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) and examine general aspects and problems of designing the spectrum-shaping assemblies to be used with these neutron sources. The first facility is based on an ...
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator based high power project currently under preparation in China. The accelerator complex is based on an H{sup -} linear accelerator and a rapid cycling proton synchrotron. During the past year, the design of most ...
Radiation damage effects at accelerator-based spallation neutron sources correspond to a new regime, distinct from that encountered at fission reactors. We characterize the radiation environment of a spallation neutron source in some detail, and review th...
The technologies that are being utilized to design and build the target systems for a state-of-the-art accelerator-based neutron source, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), are discussed. Emphasis is given to the technology issues that present the greate...
The Rotating Target Neutron Source (RTNS-II) facility produces 14-MeV neutrons for materials damage studies. Initial operation for irradiations, which occurred in 1979, began with a neutron source strength of 10/sup 13/ n/s utilizing one of the accelerator-based neutron sources. Details are ...
This report contains viewgraph material on the following topics: Electron-Positron Linear Colliders; Unconventional Colliders; Prospects for UVFEL; Accelerator Based Intense Spallation; Neutron Sources; and B Physics at Hadron Accelerators with RHIC as an Example.
The main components of new neutron time-of-flight spectrometer are described: neutron sources based on the solid tritium and metallic lithium targets, main neutron detector, monitor detectors and system for absolute measurement of neutron flux intensity. ...
We present a conceptual design of a low-energy neutron generator for treatment of brain tumors by boron neutron capture theory (BNCT). The concept is based on a 2.5-MeV proton beam from a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac, and the neutrons are produc...
A new high energy (1 < E < 10 MeV) neutron source based on existing pulsed Sandia accelerators operated in the ion mode is described. In addition to its application in weapons effects testing, this source could be used in studying transient annealing effects at high neutron energies and for calibration of ...
The Radiological Research Accelerator Facility (RARAF) is based on a 4-MV Van de Graaff accelerator, which is used to generate a variety of well-characterized radiation beams for research in radiobiology and radiological physics. The experiments run at RARAF are described, and center on neutron dosimetry, ...
Recent interest in the production of epithermal neutrons for use in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has prompted an investigation into the feasibility of generating such neutrons with a tandem cascade accelerator. Accelerator-produced neutrons in the range of roughly ...
... ACCELERATORS, NEUTRON FLUX), NEUTRON ... REACTIONS, REACTOR CORES, ELECTRON ... ELECTRON IRRADIATION, MEASUREMENT. ...
A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for the beam shaping assembly made from ...
The results of a new experiment on the observation of the effect of accelerating matter in neutron optics are reported. It has been shown that the velocity of neutrons periodically varies when they pass through a harmonically moving refractive sample. The idea of the experiment is based on time focusing, i.e., on ...
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is being studied as a possible radiotherapic treatment for some cancer types. Neutron energy for penetrating into tissue should be in the epithermal range. Different methods are used for neutron production. Electron accelerators are an alternative way for producing ...
The PNS project is devoted to the design and simulation of a Photo-Neutron Source for BNCT using a Varian 2300C/D electron accelerator. This paper describes the production of the high-energy gamma-rays followed by neutron production in (gamma,n) reaction. To optimize the whole setup and maximize the neutron flux, ...
All accelerator-based fast-neutron contraband interrogation systems have many closely interrelated subsystems, whose performance parameters will be critically interdependent. For optimal overall performance, a systems analysis design approach is required....
Several different fast-neutron based techniques are being studied for the detection of contraband substances in luggage and cargo containers. The present work discusses the accelerator requirements for fast-neutron transmission spectroscopy (FNTS), pulsed fast-neutron analysis (PFNA), and ...
Pulsed neutron facilities based on electron linear accelerators (linacs) allow measurements of neutron cross sections from E/sub n/ approx. 0.01 eV to E/sub n/ > 20 MeV. This paper outlines the capabilities of such facilities and their role in upgrading the neutron cross-section data ...
Pilot innovative facility for neutron capture therapy was built at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk. This facility is based on a compact vacuum insulation tandem accelerator designed to produce proton current up to 10 mA. Epithermal neutrons are proposed to be generated by 1.915 MeV protons ...
Innovative facility for neutron capture therapy has been built at BINP. This facility is based on compact vacuum insulation tandem accelerator designed to produce proton current up to 10mA. Epithermal neutrons are proposed to be generated by 1.915-2.5MeV protons bombarding a lithium target using (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be ...
Accelerator-based neutron sources are an attractive alternative to nuclear reactors for providing epithermal neutron beams for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Based on clinical requirements and neutronics modeling the use of proton and deuteron induced reactions in {sup 7}Li ...
Neutrons can be produced with low-energy ion accelerators for many applications, such as the characterisation of neutron detectors, the irradiation of biological samples and the study of the radiation damage in electronic devices. Moreover, accelerator-based neutron sources are under ...
Accelerator-based neutron sources offer many advantages, in particular tunability of the neutron beam in energy and width to match the needs of the application. Using a recently constructed neutron beam line at the 88-Inch Cyclotron at LBNL, tunable high-intensity sources of quasi-monoenergetic and broad spectrum ...
... warfare, joint planning, national and international ... tube ion accelerator as neutron ... TUBES, ION ACCELERATORS, MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT ...
An investigation was performed to examine the neutron dose equivalent in a radiotherapy maze lined with a customised neutron shielding material. The accelerator investigated was a Varian Clinac 2100C/D using 18 MV photons, and the neutron shielding utilised at this centre was Premadex commercially available ...
Neutronics-processing interface parameters have large impacts on the neutron economy and transmutation performance of an aqueous-based Accelerator Transmutation of Waste (ATW) system. A detailed assessment of the interdependence of these blanket neutronic and chemical processing parameters has ...
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator-based facility. The accelerator of CSNS consists of a low energy linac, a Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) and two beam transport lines. The overall physics design of CSNS accelerator is described, including the design principle, the choice of the main ...
Petroleum well logging using neutron borehole accelerators is reviewed. Since the introduction of the borehole neutron accelerator in 1959, several generations of logging instruments have been developed. These tools measure neutron lifetime, neutron activation ...
The standard Q values are based on the most detrimental chronic biological effect (e.g., carcinogenesis by neutrons) for continuous low-dose exposure that ...
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, a promising modality for the treatment of malignant tumors, relies on the use of neutron beams of suitable energy and intensity. For deep-seated tumors, simulations indicate that the optimal neutron energy is in the epithermal region, and in particular between 1 and 10 keV. Therapeutic ...
A new type of slow-neutron monochromator is described that is based on the interaction of slow neutrons with the earth's gravitational field. The monochromator is formed by three slit collimators placed along the neutron trajectory. The energy of the neutrons selected by the ...
Monte Carlo modelling of an irradiation facility, for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) application, using a set of advanced type, accelerator based, 3H(d,n)4He (D-T) fusion neutron source device is presented. Some general issues concerning the design of a proper irradiation beam shaping assembly, ...
A cargo inspection system based on pulsed fast neutron analysis (PFNA) is to be used at a border crossing to detect explosives and contraband hidden in trucks and cargo containers. Neutrons are produced by the interaction of deuterons in a deuterium target mounted on a moveable scan arm. The collimated pulsed fast ...
The efforts around the world to provide higher neutron intensities are now focussed on accelerator-driven spallation sources in which neutrons are produced by bombardment of heavy metal targets with high energy protons. Spallation sources can be pulsed or quasi-continuous depending on the nature of the proton ...
A neutron imaging facility, PKUNIFTY, based on a radio frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator-driven compact neutron source, presently under construction at the Peking University, is described. It consists of a deuteron linear accelerator, a neutron ...
The neutronic analysis for a target/blanket design that is capable of supporting the high level waste stream from 2.5 LWR's is described. The target consists of a set of solid tungsten and lead plates, cooled by heavy water and surrounded by a lead annulu...
The use of boron neutron capture therapy for the treatment of deep-seated tumours, such as glioblastoma multiforme, requires neutron beams of suitable energy and intensity. The analysis of the therapeutic gain shows that a high tumour control probability with sublethal dose at healthy tissues can be achieved, in most cases, by using ...
We are here today to testify on the Department of Energy's (DOE) management of the Spallation Neutron Source Project (project). This billion- dollar complex, to be built in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, is designed to be the world's most powerful accelerator-base...
The lecture notes are divided into five parts. In part I neutron sources based on ( alpha ,n) and ( gamma ,n) reaction as well as on spontaneous fission and the use of accelerators are discussed. The source spectra are considered and the slowing-down of f...
Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a promising binary treatment modality for high-grade primary brain tumors (glioblastoma multiforme, GM) and other cancers. BNCT employs a boron-10 containing compound that preferentially accumulates in the cancer ce...
Boron neutron capture therapy is an experimental binary cancer radiotherapy modality in which a boronated pharmaceutical that preferentially accumulates in malignant tissue is first administered, followed by exposing the tissue in the treatment volume to ...
A linear accelerator for the driver of a mu-mu collider can easily be based on operating characteristics of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) linac, or can incorporate many of the advances that have been realized from the Accelerator Driven Transmutation Technologies (ADTT) studies, from the ...
When coupled with the spallation process in appropriate target materials, high-power accelerators can be used to produce large numbers of neutrons, thus providing an alternate method to the use of nuclear reactors for this purpose. Spallation offers exciting new possibilities for generating intense neutron fluxes for a variety of ...
The boron neutron capture therapy is mainly suited in the treatment of some tumor kinds which revealed ineffective to the traditional radiotherapy. In order to take advantage of such a therapeutic modality in hospital environments, neutron beams of suitable energy and flux levels provided by compact size facilities are needed. The advantages and drawbacks ...
Authors explored the direct replacement of Am-Be neutron sources in neutron porosity logging tools through Monte Carlo simulations using MCNP5. (252)Cf and electronic accelerator neutron sources based on the Deuterium-Tritium fusion reaction were considered. Between the sources, a tradeoff was ...
This study has been focused on an Accelerator-Driven Energy Amplifier, based on the concept proposed by the CERN-group. To analyze the performance of this system the extensive optimization of the core lattice was done, the temperature coefficients of reactivity were investigated, reactivity budget and power distribution were estimated.
An assessment has been performed for an Accelerator Transmutation of Waste (ATW) concept based on the use of the high temperature gas reactor technology. The concept has been proposed by General Atomics for the ATW system. The concept uses recycled light ...
The possibility of using a neutron generator on the base of a cyclic deuteron accelerator for production of transplutonium elements (TPE), namely Cm, Bk and Cf is studied. Calculations of the TPE accumulation process when using the deuteron beam at the en...
Accelerator-Driven Transmutation Technology, or ADT{sup 2}, is a collection of programs that share a common theme - they each have at their heart an intense source of neutrons generated by a high-energy proton beam striking a heavy metal target. The beam energy, typically 1000 MeV, is enough for a single proton to smash a target atom into atomic fragments. ...
There were three objectives to this project: (1) The development of the 2-D Swan code for the optimization of the nuclear design of facilities for medical applications of radiation, radiation shields, blankets of accelerator-driven systems, fusion facilities, etc. (2) Identification of the maximum beam quality that can be obtained for Boron Neutron Capture ...
The SPES-BNCT ongoing project of the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) is aimed at the construction at the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL) of an accelerator-based (AB), high-flux thermal neutron beam facility devoted to boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) experimental treatment of extended skin melanoma, in the ...
Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS) present one of the most viable solutions for transmutation and effective utilization of nuclear fuel. Spent fuel from reactors will be partitioned to separate plutonium and other minor actinides to be transmuted in the ADS. Without the ADS, minor actinides must be stored at a geologic repository for long periods of time. One problem with ADS is ...
Cosmic rauon induced neutrons are a major source of background for low count rate experiments like neutrino oscillation or dark matter searches. Especially at shallow sites these neutrons are the limiting factor for the ultimate sensitivity of the measurement. Measurements of the neutron rate and counter measures including active veto ...
A neutron spectroscopy system based on a NE213 liquid scintillation detector at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center measures neutron energies from a few MeV up to 800 MeV. The neutrons are produced from the electron beam and target interactions. The NE...
The authors report on the use of carbon nanofiber nanoemitters to ionize deuterium atoms for the generation of neutrons in a deuterium-deuterium reaction in a preloaded target. Acceleration voltages in the range of 50-80 kV are used. Field emission of electrons is investigated to characterize the emitters. The experimental setup and sample preparation are ...
The Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) at Argonne National Laboratory is a spallation neutron source based on a 500-MeV proton accelerator operating at 30 Hz and with an average proton current of approx. 10 mu A. Neutron-scattering instruments for elast...
Due to AC-power-grid frequency fluctuations, the designers for accelerator-based spallation-neutron facilities have worked to optimize the conflicting demands of accelerator and neutron chopper performance. For the first time, we are able to quantitatively access the tradeoffs between these two constraints and ...
Intense pulsed D-D neutron emission with rates >10{sup 10} n/s during the pulse, pulse widths of {approx}100's ns, and neutron yields >10 k per pulse are demonstrated in a compact pyroelectric accelerator. The accelerator consists of a small pyroelectric LiTaO{sub 3} crystal which provides ...
For several years, research has been ongoing in the Ohio State University (OSU) Nuclear Engineering Program toward the development of an accelerator-based irradiation facility (ANIF) neutron source for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT). The ANIF, which is planned to be built in a hospital, has been conceptually designed and ...
In the frame of the construction of a Tandem Electrostatic Quadrupole Accelerator facility devoted to the Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, a Beam Shaping Assembly has been characterized by means of Monte-Carlo simulations and measurements. The neutrons were generated via the {sup 7}Li(p, n){sup 7}Be ...
In the frame of the construction of a Tandem Electrostatic Quadrupole Accelerator facility devoted to the Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, a Beam Shaping Assembly has been characterized by means of Monte-Carlo simulations and measurements. The neutrons were generated via the 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction by ...
Neutrons can be produced in nuclear reactions and used as very versatile probes for condensed matter research. Since their introduction in the 1950s neutron scattering techniques have evolved to be very powerful tools for investigating the properties of condensed matter. Here we present the concept of neutron diffraction and how this ...
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Radiation damage in target, container, and window materials for spallation neutron sources is am important factor in the design of target stations for accelerator-driver transmutation technologies. Calculations are described that use the LAHET and SPECTER codes to obtain displacement and helium production rates in tungsten, 316 stainless steel, and Inconel ...
The National Spallation Neutron Source is a collaborative project or perform the conceptual design for a next generation neutron source for the Department of Energy. This paper reviews the need and justification for a new neutron source, the origins and structure of the collaboration formed to address this need, and the community input ...
An apparatus and method is described for transmuting higher actinides, plutonium and selected fission products in a liquid-fuel subcritical assembly. Uranium may also be enriched, thereby providing new fuel for use in conventional nuclear power plants. An accelerator provides the additional neutrons required to perform the processes. The size of the ...
DOEpatents
The International Panel on 14 MeV Intense Neutron Source Based on Accelerators for Fusion Materials Study was held January 14--16, 1991, at the Department of Nuclear Engineering, the University of Tokyo. The panel was attended by 38 participants, includin...
The International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) is proposed as an advanced accelerator-based neutron source for high-flux irradiation testing of large-sized fusion reactor components. The facility would require only small extensions to exi...
The authors plan to build a BNCT facility based on electrostatic quadrupole (ESQ) accelerator technology. It is an experimentally-proven technology capable of delivering a high proton current for producing a neutron intensity greater than what is required for BNCT clinical trials. They also present a design of a lithium ...
This paper presents applications of high power RF proton linear accelerators to several fields. Radioisotope production is an area in which linacs have already provided new isotopes for use in medical and industrial applications. A new type of spallation neutron source, called a long-pulse spallation source (LPSS), is discussed for application to ...
In the summer of 1989, a collaboration between Los Alamos National Laboratory and Brookhaven National Laboratory conducted a study to establish a reference design of a facility for accelerator production of tritium (APT). The APT concept is that of a neutron-spallation source, which is based on the use of high-energy protons to bombard ...
A 2 MeV proton tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation was developed and first experiments are carried out in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk). The accelerator is designed for neutron production via reaction (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be for the boron neutron-capture therapy of the brain tumors, and for ...
A 2 MeV proton tandem accelerator with vacuum insulation was developed and first experiments are carried out in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk). The accelerator is designed for neutron production via reaction 7Li(p,n)7Be for the boron neutron-capture therapy of the brain tumors, and for ...
At Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, epithermal neutron source for neutron-capture therapy was built and neutron generation was realized. Source is based on tandem accelerator and uses near-threshold neutron generation from the reaction (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be. The paper ...
The paper describes the principles of performing efficient investigations with neutron sources based on the IBR-2 reactor and LANSCE and ISIS proton accelerators. Measurements of the time-of-flight spectrum of thermal neutrons are presented for water and cryogenic methane moderators in the IBR-2. The measuring ...
A conceptual design of a beam-shaping assembly for boron neutron capture therapy using deuterium-tritium accelerator based neutrons source is developed. Calculations based on a simple geometry model for the radiation transport are initially performed to estimate the assembly materials and their ...
Consideration is given to the possibility of radical reduction in power requirements to the proton accelerator of the electronuclear reactor due to neutron multiplication both in the blanket and the target of an active material. The target is supposed to have the fast-neutron spectrum, and the blanket--the thermal one. The blanket and ...
A time-of-flight neutron spectrometer for measuring neutron total cross sections in the energy range 0.7 ev to 50 kev is described. A pulsed beam of neutrons from the linear electron accelerator is used. The flight distance is 108 m, and the resolution is 0.005 mu sec/m. A brief description is given of ...
The optimal neutron energy for the treatment of deep-seated tumours using boron neutron capture therapy is studied by analysing various figures of merit. In particular, analysis of the therapeutic gain as a function of the neutron energy indicates that, with the currently available 10B carriers, the most useful ...
The Plasma and Ion Source Technology Group at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory has developed various types of advanced neutron generators for wide range of applications. The latest developments include a T T fusion reaction based point neutron generator for Tensor Technology Inc. for airport cargo screening and a single beam, D D ...
A source for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) comprises a body of photoneutron emitter that includes heavy water and is closely surrounded in heat-imparting relationship by target material; one or more electron linear accelerators for supplying electron radiation having energy of substantially 2 to 10 MeV and for impinging such radiation on the target ...
Radio-frequency (RF) driven ion sources are being developed in Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) for sealed-accelerator-tube neutron generator application. By using a 5-cm-diameter RF-driven multicusp source H{sup +} yields over 95% have been achieved. These experimental findings will enable one to develop compact neutron ...
A hospital based cyclotron is under installation at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Hospital in Houston. This machine will be used for the production of radioactive isotopes and for the generation of neutrons for the radiotherapy treatment of cancer. It is a Cyclotron Corporation CP-42 negative proton accelerator. For ...
This chapter provides a brief survey of the types of neutron sources that are available for imaging applications, primarily focusing on high-flux sources such as reactors or spallation sources but also including smaller or portable sources based on radioactive decay or small accelerators. Although nearly all ...
At Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI), 275 clinical trials of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) have been performed as of March 2006, and the effectiveness of BNCT has been revealed. In order to further develop BNCT, it is desirable to supply accelerator-based epithermal-neutron sources that can be installed near ...
Since 1986, the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) has been involved in the development of epithermal neutron sources for BNCT. The INEL effort was instrumental in the implementation of an epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Recently, the INEL's effort has been directed toward ...
An accelerator-based BNCT facility is under construction at the Berkeley Lab. An electrostatic-quadrupole (ESQ) accelerator is under development for the production of neutrons via the (sup 7)Li(p,n)(sup 7)Be reaction at proton energies between 2.3 and 2.5...
Within the frame of an ongoing project to develop a folded Tandem-Electrostatic-Quadrupole accelerator facility for Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT) a theoretical study was performed to assess the treatment planning capability of different configurations of an optimized beam shaping assembly for such a ...
The neutron capture cross section 209Bi(n, ?) 210mBi was measured by means of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS). An absolute measuring procedure based on calibrated ion beam attenuators was applied to overcome the lack of standard samples. Experimental aspects of absolute AMS analyses are described. The capture cross section of 209Bi ...
Current accelerator-based neutron source concepts for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) are centered on the lithium (p,n) reaction. The near lithium threshold source concept uses proton energies <~100 keV above the reaction threshold energy (1.88 MeV). For deeply seated brain tumors, epithermal (1 eV to 10 keV) ...
Small accelerator neutron sources offer considerable potential for applied neutron radiography applications. Among the desirable features are relatively low costs, limited operating hazards, opportunities for tailoring primary neutron spectra, compactness and portability, and modest licensing requirements (compared ...
During the last few years, IBA started the development of an accelerator-based BNCT system. The accelerator is a Dynamitron built by RDI in USA and will produce a 20 mA proton beam at 2.8 MeV. Neutrons will be produced by the (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be nuclear reaction using a thin lithium target. The neutron energy spectrum ...
The beam shaping assembly design has been investigated in order to improve the epithermal neutron beam for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy in intensity and quality, and dosimetric evaluation for the beams has been performed using both mathematical and voxel head phantoms with MCNP runs. The neutron ...
The d-Li Neutron Source concept, which includes a high-current dueteron linac, is an outgrowth of attempts made to use the BNL, 200-MeV proton linac BLIP facility to do radiation damage studies. It included a 100 mA, 30-MeV deuteron linear accelerator and...
The present state of design of the multipurpose intense 14 MeV neutron source based on a D exp + ion beam and a metal tritide target is reported. It is essentially a 300 keV electrostatic air insulated accelerator capable to accelerate a deuterium ion bea...
The SNS is an accelerator based neutron source in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. This unique facility provides the most intense pulsed neutron beams in the world, which are produced by bombarding a mercury target with energetic protons from a large accelerator complex. A high intense pulsed proton beam ...
... FAST NEUTRONS, RADIATION HAZARDS, RADIATION MONITORS, PARTICLE ACCELERATORS, NEUTRON FLUX, NEUTRON COUNTERS. ...
A portable neutron source that can be switched on and off or pulsed at a controllable rate could have a number of uses; as a timely example, it could provide the neutron beam for an (n,..gamma..) interrogator to check luggage for explosives at airports. Other applications include thermal neutron activation and medical diagnostics. Such ...
The physics of photon and neutron active interrogation of highly enriched uranium (HEU) using the delayed neutron reinterrogation method is described in this paper. Two sets of active interrogation experiments were performed using a set of subcritical configurations of cocentric HEU metal hemishells. One set of measurements utilized a pulsed 14-MeV ...
The physics of photon and neutron active interrogation of highly enriched uranium (HEU) using the delayed neutron reinterrogation method is described in this paper. Two sets of active interrogation experiments were performed using a set of subcritical configurations of concentric HEU metal hemishells. One set of measurements utilized a pulsed 14-MeV ...
Prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) is now a proven method for the identification of chemical warfare agents and explosives in military projectiles and storage containers. Idaho National Laboratory is developing a next-generation PGNAA instrument based on the new Ortec Detective mechanically-cooled HPGe detector and a ...
This is the final report of a one-year, Laboratory-Directed Research and Development (LDRD) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL). The development of next generation, accelerator based neutron sources calls for the design of new instruments for neutron scattering studies of materials. It will be necessary, ...
Massive targets are used for producing high-intensity neutron fields on high energy accelerators. In this paper results are analyzed from the measurement of the neutron spectra on the surface of a lead target irradiated by a proton beam. The spectra was measured using activation detectors based on germanium. The ...
The Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) has been investigating the feasibility of a concept for an accelerator-based source of epithermal neutrons for BNCT that is based on the use of a two-stage photoneutron production process driven by an elect...
Tritium contamination reduction in small ion accelerators for neutron production, discussing pumping
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
An ideal neutron beam for BNCT is a beam of epithermal neutrons, forward directed, and free of gamma rays and thermal and fast neutrons. Three neutron beams were evaluated, and compared: (1) the operating Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR) epithermal beam, (2) the designed Missouri University Research ...
The Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL) has developed a photoneutron-based nondestructive evaluation (NDE) technique that uses a pulsed, high energy (2- to 12-MeV) electron accelerator and a customized high-purity germanium-based gamma-ray spectroscopy system. This NDE technique is being applied to the ...
High-flux neutron sources for neutron imaging and materials analysis applications have typically been provided by accelerator-based (Spallation Neutron Source) and reactor-based (High Flux Isotope Reactor) neutron sources. A novel approach is to use ultra-intense (> ...
The Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) project is developing an accelerator and a spoliation neutron source capable of producing tritium through neutron capture on He-3. A high atomic weight target is used to produce neutrons that are then multiplied and moderated in a blanket prior to ...
The technologies that are being utilized to design and build the target systems for a state-of-the-art accelerator- based neutron source, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), are discussed. Emphasis is given to the technology issues that present the greatest challenges. The present facility configuration, ...
A neutron spectroscopy system, based on a NE2 13 liquid scintillation detector, to be placed at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center to measure neutron spectra from a few MeV up to 800 MeV, beyond shielding. The NE 2 13 scintillator, coupled with a Phot...
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source currently under construction in Oak Ridge, Tennessee and funded by the Department of Energy (DOE). When operational, the SNS will provide the most intense pulsed neutron beams in t...
lithium hydride layer needs dry gas medium. So, lithium nitride and lithium oxide are preferable because of neutron producing matter (hydride, nitride, oxide or fluoride of lithium) on the substrate. The active lithium targets with intense liquid cooling are used now for accelerator based boron neutron capture
The coarse-mesh rebalance method, based on neutron conservation, is used in discrete ordinates neutron transport codes to accelerate convergence of the within-group scattering source. Though very powerful for this application, the method is ineffective in...
An experimental neutron source facility has been developed for producing medical isotopes, training young nuclear professionals, providing capability for performing reactor physics, material research, and basic science experiments. It uses a driven subcritical assembly with an electron accelerator. The neutrons driving the subcritical ...
The Pohang Neutron Facility, an electron linear accelerator (linac) based pulsed neutron facility, was constructed for nuclear data production in Korea. It consists of an electron linac, a water-cooled Ta target with a water moderator, and a time-of-flight path with an 11m length. The neutron ...
The decommissioning of reactor-based neutron sources in the USA has led to the development of a new generation of neutron sources that employ high-energy accelerators. Among the accelerator-based neutron sources presently in operation, the highest-flux source is the Intense ...
The d-Li Neutron Source concept, which includes a high-current dueteron linac, is an outgrowth of attempts made to use the BNL, 200-MeV proton linac BLIP facility to do radiation damage studies. It included a 100 mA, 30-MeV deuteron linear accelerator and a fast-flowing liquid lithium jet as the target. The latest design is not very different, except that ...
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator-based multidisciplinary user facility to be constructed in Dongguan, Guangdong, China. The CSNS complex consists of an H? linear accelerator, a rapid cycling synchrotron accelerating the beam to 1.6 GeV, a solid-tungsten target station, and instruments ...
An accelerator-based BNCT facility is under construction at the Berkeley Lab. An electrostatic-quadrupole (ESQ) accelerator is under development for the production of neutrons via the {sup 7}Li(p,n){sup 7}Be reaction at proton energies between 2.3 and 2.5 MeV. A novel type of power supply, an air-core coupled transformer power supply, ...
The impact of the introduction of ICRP Publication 103 on neutron dosimetry was analysed by calculating effective doses in various operational neutron fields, using dose conversion coefficients derived from the recommendations given in ICRP 103 and ICRP 60. It was found from the analysis that effective doses based on ICRP 103 are ...
An overview of the feasibility study of a 1-MW pulsed spallation source is presented. The machine delivers 1 MW of proton beam power to spallation targets where slow neutrons are produced. The slow neutrons can be used for isotope production, materials irradiation, and neutron scattering research. The neutron ...
Transportable accelerator based sources are the only means by which large structures such as aircraft or industrial components can be inspected practically using neutron radiography. Since such sources are generally considerably lower in flux than reactors, the entire system must be designed for high imaging efficiency. We describe an ...
Fast and thermal neutron intensity distributions have been measured at an accelerator based prompt gamma ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) setup. The setup is built at the 350 keV accelerator laboratory of King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM). The setup is mainly ...
We present a conceptual design of a low-energy neutron generator for treatment of brain tumors by boron neutron capture theory (BNCT). The concept is based on a 2.5-MeV proton beam from a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac, and the neutrons are produced by the /sup 7/Li(p,n)/sup 7/Be reaction. A liquid lithium ...
A folded tandem, with 1.25 MV terminal voltage, combined with an ElectroStatic Quadrupole (ESQ) chain is being proposed as a machine for Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT). The machine is shown to be capable of accelerating a 30 mA proton beam to 2.5 MeV. These are the specifications needed to produce ...
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) is an accelerator-based neutron source currently being built by the United States Department of Energy. Users can find out about upcoming workshops, conferences, and other events dealing with the accelerator, which is scheduled to be completed in 2006. By downloading a series of ...
NSDL National Science Digital Library
The Fusion Materials Irradiation Test Facility will provide a unique testing environment for irradiation of structural and special-purpose materials in support of fusion-power systems. The neutron source will be produced by a deuteron-lithium stripping reaction to generate high-energy neutrons to ensure materials damage characteristic of the ...
The use of high-energy linear electron accelerators (LINACs) for medical cancer treatments is widespread on an international scale. The associated bremsstrahlung X rays may produce neutrons as a result of subsequent photonuclear reactions with the different materials constituting the accelerator head. The generated ...
Neutron radiotherapy in various forms, including fast-neutron therapy (FNT), neutron capture therapy (NCT), and a third form, which is a hybrid that combines the features of FNT and NCT, has been a subject of research and clinical interest for >50 yr. Neutron sources for FNT are generated using particle ...
Neutron-scattering research has a lot to do with our everyday lives. Things like medicine, food, electronics, cars and airplanes have all been improved by neutron-scattering research. Neutron research also helps scientists improve materials used in a multitude of different products, such as high-temperature superconductors, powerful ...
The Peking University Neutron Imaging Facility (PKUNIFTY) is a Radio Frequency Quadruple (RFQ) accelerator based system. The fast neutrons are produced by 2 MeV deuterons bombarding beryllium target. The moderator, reflector, shielding and collimator have been optimized with Monte-Carlo simulation to improve the ...
Several of the neutron scattering instruments at the Intense Pulsed Neutron Source (IPNS) at Argonne use neutron choppers for monochromatization of the neutron beam. Since the neutron burst is produced by a proton beam extracted from the Rapid Cycling Syn...
A conceptual design was developed for the target/blanket system of an accelerator-based system to produce tritium. The target/blanket system uses clad tungsten rods for a spallation target and clad lead rods as a neutron multiplier in a blanket surrounding the target. The neutrons produce tritium in {sup 3}He, which is contained in ...
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is a newly approved high-power accelerator project based on a H{sup -} linear accelerator and a rapid cycling synchrotron. During the past year, several major revisions were made on the design including the type of the front end, the linac frequency, the transport layout, ...
The TRiga Accelerator-Driven Experiment (TRADE), to be performed in the TRIGA reactor of the ENEA-Casaccia Centre in Italy, consists of the coupling of an external proton accelerator to a target to be installed in the central channel of the reactor scrammed to subcriticality. This pilot experiment, aimed at a global demonstration of the ...
A 4.1 MeV tandem electrostatic accelerator designed for research into Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has recently been installed in the MIT Laboratory for Accelerator Beam Applications (LABA). This accelerator uses a very high current switch mode high voltage power supply in conjunction with a multi-cusp ...
The problem of nuclear safety and reliability of power installation based on accelerator-driver. The maximum reliability of electronuclear power installation may be reached by designing it as sum of several subcritical multiplying assemblies each driven by individual accelerator. Every cell is insulated from ...
Until the last decade, most neutron experiments have been performed at steady-state, reactor-based sources. Recently, however, pulsed spallation sources have been shown to be very useful in a wide range of neutron studies. A major review of neutron sources in the US was conducted by a committee chaired by Nobel ...
A new pulsed neutron source based on a beam-blanking device has been under construction and improvement at the Moscow Meson Factory of the Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Neutrons are generated in the course of the spallation process in a water-cooled tungsten target by a proton beam with an energy of ...
The study of the MDT chambers performance under the presence of a high neutron and gamma background radiation in a wide neutron energy range is presented in this work. The neutrons were provided by the TANDEM Van Der Graaff accelerator of NCSR �Demokritos�. Emphasis was given to the comprehension of all the ...
The Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) will be an accelerator-based facility in Oak Ridge, TN, delivering pulsed neutron beams to experimenters. Negative hydrogen ion-beams are generated and pre-accelerated in a 2.5-MeV linac injector, or front end (FE), accelerated to 1 GeV energy by a linear ...
Kinematic focusing of an emitted fairly mono-energetic neutron beam by the use of inverse-kinematic reactions, i.e. where the projectile mass is greater than the target atom's mass, can provide for the utilization of a significant fraction of the fast neutron yield and also provide for a safer radiation environment. We examine the merit of various ...
Bombardment of thick Be-metal targets with several-MeV deuterons produces continuum-neutron fields which offer considerable potential for the development and validation of neutron-reaction cross sections. A facility based on this concept has been installed at the Argonne National Laboratory FNG accelerator. A ...
The slowing down of neutrons produced in nuclear plants or in spallation sources generates many defects in a material, driving this material far from its equilibrium state. This concentration of defects leads to important structural modifications of solids. To model the impact of radiation in solids, particle accelerators are useful tools. The nature and ...
High-flux neutrons for imaging and materials analysis applications have typically been provided by accelerator- and reactor-based neutron sources. A novel approach is to use ultraintense (>1018 W/cm2) lasers to generate picosecond, collimated neutrons from a dual target configuration. In ...
High-flux neutrons for imaging and materials analysis applications have typically been provided by accelerator- and reactor-based neutron sources. A novel approach is to use ultraintense (>1018W/cm2) lasers to generate picosecond, collimated neutrons from a dual target configuration. In this ...
High-energy gamma-ray and neutron emission from the 2003 October 28 solar flare was observed by RHESSI, CORONAS and Integral and by the Tsumeb neutron monitor. Relativistic electron bremsstrahlung, nuclear deexcitation gamma-ray lines and continuum, the 0.511 MeV positron-annihilation line, the 2.223 MeV neutron-capture line, ...
Proposals are currently being made for systems to treat radioactive waste based on the use of accelerator-driven neutron sources. A linear proton accelerator with energies as high as 1600 MeV and currents up to 250 ma are anticipated for the driver. The neutron fluxes may reach up to 10{sup 20} ...
Radio-frequency (RF) driven ion sources are being developed in Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) for sealed-accelerator-tube neutron generator applications. By using a 2.5-cm-diameter RF-driven multicusp source and a computer designed 100 keV accelerator column, peak extractable hydrogen current exceeding 1 A from a ...
As a result of stripping of deuterons accelerated in the JINR proton synchrotron a beam of neutrons was formed with regulated momentum and stabilized intensity. The neutron port was formed in such a manner as to use the stripping neutrons emitted at the a...
An accelerator-driven thermal neutron facility for boron neutron capture therapy of skin melanoma is currently under construction at the Legnaro National Laboratories, Italy. The installation relies on the production of neutrons from a thick beryllium target bombarded with 5 MeV protons. A complete set of double ...
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator-based high-power project currently in preparation under the direction of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). The complex is based on an H- linear accelerator, a rapid cycling proton synchrotron accelerating the beam to 1.6 GeV, a ...
The limitation of current remmeters, which do not measure neutron dose equivalents above about 15 MeV, is a serious problem at high-energy accelerator facilities, where a much wider range of neutron energies exist. The purpose of this work was to measure the response of a modified Anderson-Braun (A-B) remmeter to ...
The limitation of current rem meters, which do not measure neutron dose equivalents above [approx] 15 MeV, is a serious problem at high-energy accelerator facilities, where a much wider range of neutron energies exist. The purpose of this work was to measure the response of a modified Andersson-Braun (A-B) rem meter to ...
Fission neutron spectra from neutron induced fission in 235U and 239Pu for energies below that of the neutron inducing fission have been measured. The spectra were obtained for 1.5 MeV and 2.5 MeV incident neutrons. Previous accelerator-based fission neutron spectra ...
The Establishment of a Self-Consistent Nuclear Energy System (SCNES) attempts to meet the following four requirements -energy production, fuel production, the burning of radionuclides, and system safety with a strong reliance on excess neutron generation. Based on several milestone studies, it has been pointed out that a fast fission reaction provides an ...
The Berkeley Accelerator Space Effects (BASE) Facility provides heavy ions and protons for radiation effects testing by government laboratories (Defense, Energy and NASA) and contractors, private U.S. companies and international companies and laboratories. The combination of state-of-the-art ion sources for heavy ion running and relatively high intensities ...
This paper brings into focus the instrumentation needs of future demonstration-scale coal conversion and combustion plants which may be met with new instrumentation based on neutron-induced gamma techniques. Progress in automated multielement analysis of ...
The Fusion Materials Irradiation Test Facility (FMIT) is an accelerator-based source of high energy neutrons to be constructed at the Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory. It will be unique in featuring a sufficiently high flux to permit testing of ...
All accelerator-based fast-neutron contraband interrogation systems have many closely interrelated subsystems, whose performance parameters will be critically interdependent. For optimal overall performance, a systems analysis design approach is required. This paper provides a general overview of the interrelationships and the tradeoffs to be considered ...
In one embodiment there is provided an application of the {sup 10}B(n,{alpha}){sup 7}Li nuclear reaction or other neutron capture reactions for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This application, called Boron Neutron Capture Synovectomy (BNCS), requires substantially altered demands on neutron beam design than for instance ...
In one embodiment there is provided an application of the .sup.10 B(n,.alpha.).sup.7 Li nuclear reaction or other neutron capture reactions for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This application, called Boron Neutron Capture Synovectomy (BNCS), requires substantially altered demands on neutron beam design than for instance ...
In this paper a fast method to evaluate neutron spectra for brain BNCT is developed. The method is based on an algorithm to calculate dose distribution in the brain, for which a data matrix has been taken into account, containing weighted biological doses per position per incident energy and the incident neutron spectrum to be ...
The neutronic efficiency of target/filters for accelerator-based BNCT applications is measured by the proton current required to achieve a desirable neutron current at the treatment port (10{sup 9} n/cm{sup 2}/s). In this paper the authors describe two possible targeyt/filter concepts wihch minimize the required current. Both concepts ...
