We describe the power production process in Accelerator Driven Sub-critical systems employing Thorium-232 and Uranium-238 as fuel and examine the demands on the power of the accelerator required.

We describe the power production process in Accelerator Driven Sub-critical systems employing Thorium-232 and Uranium-238 as fuel and examine the demands on the power of the accelerator required.

High intensity proton accelerators have two important applications in China in recent years: Accelerator Driven Sub-critical System for nuclear waste transmutation and China Spallation Neutron Source. This paper focuses on the R&D activities of the key technology of high intensity proton ...

The plants envisioned in this ATW technology roadmap would contain multiple sub-critical fission assemblies (burners) driven by two high-power proton linear accelerators. The accelerator technology and design are similar to those proposed for the Accelera...

The most challenging issue to realize an accelerator for an Accelerator Driven Sub-critical Reactor system (ADSR) is the handling of high intensity beam�more than 1 mA. For such an application, FFAG is one of most promising candidates. To take advantage of the FFAG as a high intensity ...

An important international effort is devoted to find a suitable solution to incinerate radioactive nuclear waste issued from conventional power plants and from nuclear disarmament. Practically all innovative projects consist of a sub critical system driven by an external neutron source obtained by spallation induced by a high intensity ...

Hybrid reactors (Accelerator Driven Sub-critical Systems, ADS), coupling an accelerator with a target and a sub-critical reactor, could simultaneously burn minor actinides and transmute long-lived fission products, while producing a consistent amount of electrical energy. A group of Italian research and development ...

In Europe, uranium-free fuels for minor actinide burning in Accelerator-Driven Systems (ADS) are under development in the frame of the CONFIRM, FUTURE and MATINE projects. In the present paper, the status of these projects is reviewed. Transuranium oxide and nitride fuel samples have been fabricated and characterized. Their performance has been modelled under normal operation ...

Physics analyses have been performed for an accelerator-driven sub-critical assembly as a part of the Argonne National Laboratory activity in preparation for a joint conceptual design with the Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology (KIPT) of Ukraine. KIPT has a plan to construct an accelerator-driven ...

For transmutation systems based on externally driven sub-critical assemblies with a fast neutron spectrum, there is an incentive to expose the actinides directly to the source neutrons, since these neutrons have higher energies than the fission neutrons. ...

Proton accelerators producing beam powers of up to 1 MW are presently either operating or under construction and designs for Multi-Megawatt facilities are being developed. High beam power has applications in the production of high intensity secondary beams of neutrons, muons, kaons and neutrinos as well as in nuclear waste transmutation and ...

Proton accelerators producing beam powers of up to 1 MW are presently either operating or under construction and designs for Multi-Megawatt facilities are being developed. High beam power has applications in the production of high intensity secondary beams of neutrons, muons, kaons and neutrinos as well as in nuclear waste transmutation and ...

... The author examined the possibility of replacing the critical pile with a sub- critical pile driven by antiprotons. Recent experiments ...

Since 1991, the CEA has studied the physics of hybrid systems, involving a sub-critical reactor coupled with an accelerator. These studies have provided information on the potential of hybrid systems to transmute actinides and, long lived fission products. The potential of such a system remains to be proven, specifically in terms of the physical understanding of the different ...

The management of long-lived high-level waste, such as minor actinides (MA) and long-lived fission products (LLFP), is one of the most important issues to be solved for the utilization of the nuclear fission energy. The transmutation project of the radioactive wastes based on an accelerator driven sub-critical (ADS) system is very ...

A means of transmuting key long-lived nuclear wastes, primarily the minor actinides (Np, Am, Cm) and iodine, using a hybrid proton accelerator and sub-critical lattice, is proposed. By partitioning the components of the light water reactor (LWR) spent fuel and by transmuting key elements, such as the plutonium, the minor actinides, and a few of the long-lived fission products, ...

From FY 02-05 IAC has been a part of the DOE Advanced Fuel Cycle Initiative and its predecessor organization Advanced Accelerator Applications. In the IAC program effort has been divided into three parts; Student Research, Accelerator Driven Nuclear Research and Materials Science. Within the three parts specific research and ...

In recent years, there has been an increasing worldwide interest in accelerator driven systems (ADS) due to their perceived superior safety characteristics and their potential for burning actinides and long-lived fission products. Indian interest in ADS has an additional dimension, which is related to our planned large-scale thorium utilization for future ...

This report discusses the Accelerator Transmutation of Waste (ATW) concept which aims at destruction of key long-lived radionuclides in high-level nuclear waste (HLW), both fission products and actinides. This focus makes it different from most other transmutation concepts which concentrate primarily on actinide burning. The ATW system uses an ...

This report discusses the Accelerator Transmutation of Waste (ATW) concept which aims at destruction of key long-lived radionuclides in high-level nuclear waste (HLW), both fission products and actinides. This focus makes it different from most other transmutation concepts which concentrate primarily on actinide burning. The ATW system uses an ...

Fissioning surplus weapons-grade plutonium (WG-Pu) in a reactor is an effective means of rendering this stockpile non-weapons useable. In addition the enormous energy content of the plutonium is released by the fission process and can be captured to produce valuable electric power. While no fission option has been identified that can accomplish the destruction of more than about 70% of the WG-Pu ...

Recent studies on materials for the development of lead-bismuth (Pb-Bi)-cooled fast reactors (FR) and accelerator-driven sub-critical systems (ADS) in Japan are reported. The measurement of the neutron cross section of Bi to produce {sup 210}Po, the removal experiment of Po contamination and steel corrosion test in Pb-Bi flow were performed in Tokyo ...

Accelerator driven nuclear transmutation system has been pursued to have a clue to the solution of high-level radioactive waste management. The concept consists of super conducting linac, sub-critical reactor and the beam window. Reference model is set up to 800MW thermal power by using 1.5GeV proton beams with considerations ...

The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) is an accelerator based multidiscipline user facility planned to be constructed in Dongguan, Guangdong, China. The CSNS complex consists of an negative hydrogen linear accelerator, a rapid cycling proton synchrotron accelerating the beam to 1.6 GeV energy, a solid tungsten target station, and ...

The YALINA facility is a zero-power, sub-critical assembly driven by a conventional neutron generator. It was conceived, constructed, and put into operation at the Radiation Physics and Chemistry Problems Institute of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus located in Minsk-Sosny, Belarus. This facility was conceived for the purpose of investigating ...

Accelerators are playing increasingly important roles in basic science, technology, and medicine including nuclear power, industrial irradiation, material science, and neutrino production. Proton and light-ion accelerators in particular have many research, energy and medical applications, providing one of the most effective treatments for many types of ...

Accelerators are playing increasingly important roles in basic science, technology, and medicine. Ultra high-intensity and high-energy (GeV) proton drivers are a critical technology for accelerator-driven sub-critical reactors (ADS) and many HEP programs (Muon Collider) but remain particularly challenging, encountering duty cycle and ...

The target system, whose function is to supply an external neutron source to the ADS sub-critical core to sustain the neutron chain reaction, is the most critical part of an ADS being subject to severe thermo-mechanical loading and material damage due to accelerator protons and fission neutrons. A windowless option was chosen as reference configuration for ...

Since 1998, SCK�CEN, Mol, Belgium, - in partnership with many European research laboratories - is designing a multipurpose Accelerator Driven System for R&D applications - MYRRHA. In parallel, an associated R&D support program is being conducted. MYRRHA aims to serve as a basis for the European experimental ADS providing protons and neutrons for ...

A design concept and the performance characteristics for a fusion transmutation of waste reactor (FTWR)-a sub-critical fast reactor driven by a tokamak fusion neutron source-are presented. A FTWR, operating with Keff

The research into advanced acceleration concepts for electron linear accelerators being pursued at SLAC is reviewed. This research includes experiments in laser acceleration, plasma wakefield acceleration, and mmwavelength RF driven accelerators.

The management of nuclear waste is one of the major obstacles to the acceptability of nuclear power as a main source of energy for the future. TARC, a new experiment at CERN, is testing the practicality of Carlo Rubbia's idea to make use of Adiabatic Resonance Crossing to transmute long-lived fission fragments into short-lived or stable nuclides. Spallation neutrons produced in a large Lead ...

The mechanical design of the target module of an accelerator driven sub- critical nuclear reactor system (ADSS) calls for an analysis of the related thermal-hydraulic issues because of large amount of heat deposition in the spallation region during the course of nuclear interactions with the molten lead bismuth ...

Partitioning and Transmutation (P&T) of Minor Actinides (MAs) and Long-Lived Fission Products (LLFP) arising out of the back-end of the fuel cycle would be one of the key-steps in any future sustainable nuclear fuel cycle. Pyro-chemical separation methods would form a critical stage of P&T by recovering long-lived elements and thus reducing the environmental impact by the back-end of the ...

When the authors first proposed an accelerator-driven reactor, the concept was opposed by physicists who had earlier used the accelerator for their physics experiments. This opposition arose because they had nuisance experiences in that the accelerator wa...

The Accelerator Performance Demonstration Facility is the front-end prototype of a CW accelerator useful for accelerator-driven technologies. Its purpose is for evaluating the reliability, availability, and maintainability of a high-current and high-power...

... Accession Number : ADA057287. Title : A Laser-Driven Pellet Accelerator for CTR Fuel Injection. Descriptive Note : Master's thesis,. ...

Laser-driven acceleration holds great promise for significantly improving accelerating gradient. However, scaling the conventional process of structure-based acceleration in vacuum down to opticalerent kind of structure. We require an optical waveguide th...

Plasma accelerators may be driven by the ponderomotive force of an intense laser or the space-charge force of a charged particle beam. The implications for accelerator design and the different physical mechanisms of laser-driven and beam-driven plasma acceleration are ...

Theoretical investigations of plasma-based accelerators and other advanced accelerator concepts. The focus of the work was on the development of plasma based and structure based accelerating concepts, including laser-plasma, plasma channel, and microwave driven plasma accelerators.

... Descriptors : *CARBON DIOXIDE LASERS, LASER APPLICATIONS, RAMAN SCATTERING, ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, LINEAR ...

The concept of the liquid Li17Pb83 and Helium gas dual-cooled Fuel Breeding Blanket (FBB) for the Fusion-Driven sub-critical System (FDS) is presented and analyzed. Taking self-sustaining tritium (TBR >1.05) and annual output of 100 kg or more fissile 239Pu (FBR >0.238) as objective parameters, and based on the three-dimensional Monte Carlo ...

... Pseudoresonant Laser Wakefield Acceleration ... these mechanisms have practical limits to the max - imum length of the acceleration regions. ...

A reply to the comment on unlimited electrons acceleration in laser-driven plasma waves is presented.

The heliocentrifugal motion of coronal loop transients is likely driven largely by the buoyant force

When the authors first proposed an accelerator-driven reactor, the concept was opposed by physicists who had earlier used the accelerator for their physics experiments. This opposition arose because they had nuisance experiences in that the accelerator was not reliable, and very often disrupted their work as the ...

The acceleration efficiency of a laser driven linear accelerator is analyzed. The laser power, loss factor and impedances determine the maximum charge that can be accelerated and the efficiency of that acceleration. The accelerator structure can be incorporated into a laser ...

Four major challenges are facing the long-term development of nuclear energy: improvement of the economic competitiveness, meeting increasingly stringent safety requirements, adhering to the criteria of sustainable development, and public acceptance. Meeting the sustainability criteria is the driving force behind the topic of this paper. In this context, sustainability has two aspects: natural ...

The concept of a subcritical system driven by an external source of neutrons provided by an accelerator ADS (Accelerator Driver System) has been recently revived and is becoming more popular in the world technical community with active programs in Europe,...

This project will analyze and design a novel oblique-detonation-wave (ODW), ram- accelerator-driven propulsion concept for the acceleration of tube-launched ...

This paper discusses the acceleration of charged particles by electromagnetic fields, i.e., by fields that are produced by the motion of other charged particles driven by some power source. The mechanisms that are discussed include: Ponderamotive Forces, Acceleration, Plasma Beat Wave Acceleration, Inverse Free ...

Recent development work conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory on technologies which use particle accelerator-driven targets is summarized. These efforts include development of the Spallation-Induced Lithium Conversion (SILC) Target for the Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT), the Accelerator-Driven Assembly for Plutonium ...

Recent development work conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory on technologies which use particle accelerator-driven targets is summarized. These efforts include development of the Spallation-Induced Lithium Conversion (SILC) Target for the Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT), the Accelerator-Driven Assembly for Plutonium ...

Simulations are presented for a laser-driven cyclotron autoresonance accelerator with a practical guide magnetic field, as produced by a single coil. Effects that are investigated include acceleration in the non-resonant magnetic field profile, reduced acceleration due to misalignment between the magnetic field ...

Several accelerator designs are discussed in search for a greater than 1 TeV electron accelerator. The types considered are linear accelerators, the inverse Cerenkov accelerators, the wiggler (inverse free electron laser), plasma accelerators, and the grating accelerator. A ...

The US is developing the physics and technology of induction accelerators for heavy-ion beam-driven inertial fusion. The recirculating induction accelerator repeatedly passes beams through the same set of accelerating and focusing elements, thereby reduci...

Several laser plasma accelerator schemes are reviewed, with emphasis on the Plasma Beat Wave Accelerator (PBWA). Theory indicates that a very high acceleration gradient, of order 1 GeV/m, can exist in the plasma wave driven by the beating lasers. Experime...

A novel computer code is being developed to generate system level designs of radiofrequency ion accelerators with specific applications to machines of interest to Accelerator Driven Transmutation Technologies (ADTT). The goal of the Accelerator System Mod...

An accelerator-based conversion (ABC) system is presented that is capable of rapidly burning plutonium in a low-inventory sub-critical system. The system also returns fission power to the grid and transmutes troublesome long-lived fission products to short lived or stable products. Higher actinides are totally fissioned. The system is suited not only to ...

The characteristics of ablation plasma from planar targets, driven by long Nd:glass laser pulses (4 nsec,

The characteristics of ablation plasma from planar targets, driven by long Nd:glass laser pulses (4 nsec,

motor-driven flywheels that are accelerated to apply continuously controllable torques to a spacecraft by means ... sired spacecraft control system response time. ...

Both self-acceleration and laser-acoustic acceleration in crystals are considered. The conduction electrons in the crystal are treated as a plasma and are the medium through which the acceleration takes place. Self-acceleration is the possible acceleration of part of a bunch due to plasma ...

Developments of new reactor designs for the utilization of thorium, such as the Advanced Heavy Water Reactor, especially demand creation of new nuclear data for all the isotopes of the thorium fuel cycle. Improved nuclear data are essential to support new initiatives such as the international project on innovative nuclear reactors and fuel cycles (INPRO), which aims to support the safe, ...

Heat deposition inside thick targets due to interaction of high energy protons (Ep � GeV) has been estimated using an improved version of the Monte Carlo simulation code CASCADE.04.h. The results are compared with the available experimental data for thick targets of Be, Al, Fe, Cu, Pb and Bi at proton energies of 0.8 GeV, 1.0 GeV and 1.2 GeV. A more continuous heat deposition approach which has ...

Accelerator reliability corresponding to a very low frequency of beam interrupts is an important new accelerator requirement for accelerator-driven subcritical reactor systems. In this paper we review typical accelerator-reliability requirements and discuss possible methods for meeting these goals with ...

Recent advances in laser-ion acceleration have motivated research towards laser-driven compact accelerators for medical therapy. Realizing laser-ion acceleration for medical therapy will require adapting the medical requirements to the foreseeable laser constraints, as well as advances in ...

The Accelerator Performance Demonstration Facility is the front-end prototype of a CW accelerator useful for accelerator-driven technologies. Its purpose to evaluate the reliability, availability, and maintainability of a high-current and high-power machine. This paper describes the design and technology development of the facility.

The Accelerator Performance Demonstration Facility is the front-end prototype of a CW accelerator useful for accelerator-driven technologies. Its purpose is for evaluating the reliability, availability, and maintainability of a high-current and high-power machine. In this paper, design and technology development of the facility will be ...

This paper discusses the acceleration of charged particles by electromagnetic fields, i.e., by fields that are produced by the motion of other charged particles driven by some power source. The mechanisms that are discussed include: Ponderamotive Forces, ...

... Title : Analysis of a Rail Gun Plasma Accelerator. ... Abstract : A model is developed to study the characteristics of an arc-driven rail gun. ...

Energy measurement in coaxial plasma accelerator determining current, voltage on gun and at open end

This study has been focused on an Accelerator-Driven Energy Amplifier, based on the concept proposed by the CERN-group. To analyze the performance of this system the extensive optimization of the core lattice was done, the temperature coefficients of reactivity were investigated, reactivity budget and power distribution were estimated.

Recent development work conducted at Brookhaven National Laboratory on technologies which use particle accelerator-driven targets is summarized. These efforts include development of the Spallation-Induced Lithium Conversion (SILC) Target for the Accelerat...

In November 1996, SKB started financing of the project 'System and safety studies of accelerator driven transmutation systems and development of a spallation target'. The aim of the project was stated as: (1) Development of a complete code for simulation ...

Accelerator-Driven Transmutation Technology, or ADT(sup 2), is a collection of programs that share a common theme - they each have at their heart an intense source of neutrons generated by a high-energy proton beam striking a heavy metal target. The beam ...

There is renewed interest in using accelerator driven neutron sources to address the problem of high-level long-lived nuclear waste. Several laboratories have developed systems that may have a significant impact on the future use of nuclear power, adding ...

A new concept for an accelerator-driven transmutation system is described. The central feature of the concept is generation of intense fluxes of thermal neutrons. In the system all long-lived radionuclides comprising high-level nuclear waste can be transm...

The objective of this project has been to develop computational methods that will enable more effective analysis of Accelerator Driven Systems (ADS). The work is centered at the University of Missouri at Rolla, with a subcontract at Northwestern Universit...

We discuss the potential for using microfabrication techniques for laser-driven accelerator construction. We introduce microfabrication processes in general, and then describe our investigation of a particular trial process. We conclude by considering the issues microfabrication raises for possible future structures.

We present an investigation of a class of particle accelerators driven by the mechanical implosion of an electrically conducting cylindrical liner onto a ring of charged particles embedded in an axial magnetic field. We have performed a number of two-dime...

Theoretical and experimental studies have been performed on laser-driven particle accelerators. The theoretical work primarily consisted of detailed analysis and computer simulation of the stimulated Cherenkov interaction. Additional analysis was also don...

Kinetic calculations were made to show that subcritical accelerator driven devices are robust and stable. The calculations show that large changes in reactivity that would lead to an uncontrollable excursion in a reactor would lead only to a new power lev...

The purpose of this paper is to compare the safety characteristics of an accelerator driven metal fueled fast system to a critical core on a consistent basis to determine how these characteristics are affected solely by subcritically of the system. To acc...

A sudden drop in power after a beam interruption leads to thermal fatigue effects in structural components in the blanket of an accelerator driven system. These thermal fatigue effects limit component lifetimes. A sudden return to power after a beam inter...

Fissile fuel can be produced at a high rate using an accelerator-driven Pu-fueled subcritical fast reactor which avoids encountering a shortage of Pu during a high growth rate in the production of nuclear energy. Furthermore, the necessity of the early in...

The report includes 31 individual contributions by experts from six countries and two international organizations in different areas of the accelerator driven transmutation technology intended to be applied for the treatment of highly radioactive waste an...

The problems of creating solid antimatter are listed and examined. Laser driven accelerators may reduce the technological and financial magnitude of the task.

... results indicate that the perturbation level at the beginning of the ... reach the front and rear free surfaces, they are ... front surface of the target and at the ...

This paper identifies the basic safety functions in nuclear reactor design, and the safety design issues for accelerator-driven subcritical reactors.

complexity. � Increased cognitive workload. Our approach to high performance visualization is to focus

threshold energy than parallel shocks? " How low in the corona can. CME-driven shocks form and accelerate particles? to what energies? ...

Jan 25, 1999 ... determine the source mechanisms for plasma acceleration in the topside ... Exchange Dynamics Study (FEDS.98), was driven by two factors. ...

... LASER BEAMS, *NUCLEAR FUSION, ABLATION, PLASMAS ... LASERS, MOMENTUM TRANSFER, PLASMA DIAGNOSTICS, FOILS(MATERIALS ...

This is the Final Report on the research and development of high brightness pulse laser driven thermionic electron sources. Enhanced coupling of electron beam energies to radiative fields in accelerator-driven free-electron lasers requires injector cathod...

The blanket of accelerator-driven facility designed for I-129 transmutation doesn't contain fissile and fertile materials. So the overheating of iodine compounds transmuted is practically excluded. The efficacy of I-129 transmutation is estimated. Curium being accumulated in nuclear reactors can be incinerated in blanket of accelerator-driven ...

Accelerator-driven systems for fissile materials production have been proposed and studied since the early 1950s. Recent advances in beam power levels for small accelerators have raised the possibility that such use could be feasible for a potential proliferator. The objective of this study is to review the state of technology development for ...

We present an overview of the future laser-driven particle acceleration experiments. These will be carried out at the E163 facility at SLAC. Our objectives include a reconfirmation of the proof-of-principle experiment, a staged buncher laser-accelerator experiment, and longer-term future experiments that employ dielectric ...

All Accelerator-Driven Transmutation applications require very large amounts of RF Power. For example, one version of a Plutonium burning system requires an 800-MeV, 80-mA, proton accelerator running at 100% duty factor. This accelerator requires approxim...

A novel advanced accelerator is proposed. The counterstreaming electron beam accelerator relies on the same physical mechanism as that of the plasma accelerator but replaces the stationary plasma in the plasma accelerator by a magnetized relativistic electron beam, drifting antiparallel to the driving source and ...

Solar flares and interplanetary shocks (IPSs) generate power-law energy distributions of electrons, but parameter dependence of electron acceleration has not been clarified from both theories and observations. Making use of in-situ data obtained by Geotail at the Earth's bow shock, we studied power-law formation of electron energy spectra with respect to the Alfv�n Mach ...

A double-target technique is used to measure the uniformity with which laser irradiated thin foil targets are ablatively accelerated. Studies of the effects of laser nonuniformities on the target acceleration reveal an increase in smoothing (symmetrizatio...

Accelerator-driven transmutation offers attractive new solutions to complex nuclear problems. This paper outlines the basics of the technology, summarizes the key application areas, and discusses designs of and performance issues for the high-power proton accelerators that are required.

An accelerator-driven subcritical nuclear system is briefly described that transmutes actinides and selected long-lived fission products. An application of this accelerator transmutation of nuclear waste (ATW) concept to spent fuel from a commercial nucle...

An accelerator-driven spallation neutron-source target/blanket system has been developed for the production of tritium. The system employs a proton linear accelerator, and a lead neutron-producing target, surrounded by tritium-producing blankets based on ...

An experimental program was conducted at the Lewis Research Center with the objective of investigating the technical feasibility of rail accelerators for propulsion applications. Single-stage, plasma driven rail accelerators of small (4 by 6 mm) and mediu...

Accelerator-driven systems for fissile materials production have been proposed and studied since the early 1950s. Recent advances in beam power levels for small accelerators have raised the possibility that such use could be feasible for a potential proli...

Contents: A Free Electron Laser Driven by a Long Pulse Induction Linac; Special Focus Program Advanced Accelerator Modified Betatron Design REview Coil DEsign; External Injection into a High Current Modified Betatron Accelerator; Electron Drift in a Linea...

The Los Alamos Accelerator Transmutation of Nuclear Waste (ATW) concept uses an accelerator driven neutron source (target) surrounded by a moderator and multiplying medium (blanket) for the transmutation of actinide and fission product waste. The referenc...

The following possibilities are discussed: inverse free electron laser (wiggler accelerator); inverse Cerenkov effect; plasma accelerator; dielectric tube; and grating linac. Of these, the grating acceleraton is considered the most attractive alternative. (GHT)

We present a series of laser-driven particle acceleration experiments that are aimed at studying laser-particle acceleration as an inverse-radiation process. To this end we employ a semi-open vacuum setup with a thin planar boundary that interacts with th...

In the past, linear accelerators at frequencies below 3 GHz have been driven by klystrons or gridded tubes, with most of the small electron accelerators using conventional magnetrons. During the past few years, there have been several new rf amplifier dev...

Hardware acceleration exploits the parallelism inherent in large circuit simulations to achieve significant increases in performance. Simulation accelerators have been developed based on the compiled code algorithm or the event-driven algorithm. The great...

Four years after the initial proposal of the Plasma Wake-field Accelerator (PWFA), it continues to be the object of much investigation, due to the promise of the ultra-high accelerating gradients that can exist in relativistic plasma waves driven in the w...

Various advanced accelerator concepts invoke lasers for the generation of very-high-gradient accelerating fields. We introduce the subject and review the application of picosecond CO/sub 2/ lasers to one such scheme: laser-driven open microstructures.

This report discusses the suitability of four novel particle acceleration technologies for multi-TeV particle physics machines: laser driven linear accelerators (linac), plasma beat-wave devices, plasma wakefield devices, and switched power and cavity wak...

Particle accelerators require precise phase control of the electric field through the entire accelerator structure. Thus a future laser driven particle accelerator will require optical synchronism between the high-peak power laser sources that power the accelerator. The precise laser ...

The accelerating gradient in a laser-driven dielectric accelerating structure is often limited by the laser damage threshold of the structure. For a given laser-driven dielectric accelerator design, we can maximize the accelerating gradient by choosing the best combination ...

Fissile fuel can be produced at a high rate using an accelerator driven Pu fueled fast reactor operated at deep subcriticality; this approach avoids encountering a shortage of Pu during a high rate of growth in the production of nuclear energy. Slightly reducing the acceleration field minimizes the tripping of the beam and the ...

We report on the acceleration of impurity-free quasimononenergetic proton beams from an initially gaseous hydrogen target driven by an intense infrared (?=10 ?m) laser. The front surface of the target was observed by optical probing to be driven forward by the radiation pressure of the laser. A proton beam of ?MeV energy was ...

A unified framework based on solid-state open waveguides is developed to overcome all three major limitations on acceleration distance and hence on the feasibility of two classes of laser acceleration. The three limitations are due to laser diffraction, acceleration phase slippage, and damage of waveguide structure by high power laser. ...

A unified framework is developed to overcome all three major limitations on acceleration and distance and hence on the feasibility of two classes of laser acceleration. The three limitations are due to laser diffraction, acceleration phase slippage, and structure damage by high power laser if solid-state optical waveguide is used. The ...

Spallation neutrons produced in the collision of a 2.33GeV deuteron beam with a large lead target are moderated by a thick graphite block surrounding the target and used to activate the radioactive samples of natU and Th put at three different positions, identified as holes "a", "b" and "c" in the graphite block. Rates of the (n, f), (n, ? and (n, 2n) reactions in the two samples are determined ...

Several laser plasma accelerator schemes are reviewed, with emphasis on the Plasma Beat Wave Accelerator (PBWA). Theory indicates that a very high acceleration gradient, of order 1 GeV/m, can exist in the plasma wave driven by the beating lasers. Experimental results obtained on the PBWA experiment at UCLA confirms ...

Sifnificant high-current, high-intensity accelerator research and development have been done in the recent past in the US, centered primarily at Los Alamos National Laboratory. These efforts have included designs for the Accelerator Production of Tritium Project, Accelerator Transmutation of Waste, and Accelerator ...

We show numerical experiments of driven billiards using special relativity. We have the remarkable fact that for the relativistic driven circular and annular concentric billiards, depending on initial conditions and parameters, we observe Fermi Acceleration, absent in the Newtonian case. The velocity for these cases tends to the speed ...

We present an investigation of a class of particle accelerators driven by the mechanical implosion of an electrically conducting cylindrical liner onto a ring of charged particles embedded in an axial magnetic field. We have performed a number of two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations of such electron ring accelerators in both ...

We discuss simulated photonic crystal structure designs for laser-driven particle acceleration, focusing on three-dimensional planar structures based on the so-called ''woodpile'' lattice. We describe guiding of a speed-of-light accelerating mode by a def...

A demonstration facility for Accelerator Driven Systems has been proposed to be constructed at the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research in Dubna. The Subcritical Assembly in Dubna project proposes to couple an existing proton accelerator of 660 MeV and 1 ?A current with a specially designed U-Pu MOX subcritical core. Project objectives, ...

A new concept for a power breeder reactor that consists of an accelerator-driven subcritical thermal fission system is proposed. In this system an accelerator provides a high-energy proton beam which interacts with a heavy-element target to produce, via s...

Fissile fuel can be produced at a high rate using an accelerator-driven Pu-fueled subcritical fast reactor. Thus, the necessity of early introduction of the fast reactor can be moderated. High reliability of the proton accelerator, which is essential to i...

and well studied Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities which involve acceleration driven acceleration driven instabilities (Rayleigh-Taylor for continuous acceleration and Richtmyer) to obtain these results. Commonly, Rayleigh-Taylor mixing simulations show a factor of two or more

Linear accelerators driven by pulse forming networks and utilizing beam neutralization may be useful for obtaining high-current ion beams for inertial fusion applications. Such accelerators may be subject to longitudinal velocity bunching instabilities. These instabilities are studied with a computer simulation of longitudinal ion ...

Recent successes in laser-ion acceleration have motivated research towards laser-driven compact accelerators for medical therapy. Realizing laser-ion acceleration for medical therapy will require adapting both the laser-ion acceleration to the medical requirements, as well as the treatment ...

The possibility of enhancing the energy gain in laser-driven accelerators by using Bessel laser beams is examined. Scaling laws are derived for the propagation length, acceleration gradient, and energy gain in various accelerators for both Gaussian and Bessel beam drivers. For equal beam powers, the energy gain can ...

Hardware acceleration exploits the parallelism inherent in large circuit simulations to achieve significant increases in performance. Simulation accelerators have been developed based on the compiled code algorithm or the event-driven algorithm. The greater flexibility of the event-driven algorithm has resulted in ...

Fissile fuel can be produced at a high rate using an accelerator-driven Pu-fueled subcritical fast reactor. Thus, the necessity of early introduction of the fast reactor can be moderated. High reliability of the proton accelerator, which is essential to implementing an accelerator-driven reactor in the nuclear energy field can be ...

The transverse beam dynamics in plasma channels of possible future plasma-based linacs is discussed. The authors represent the transverse focusing of both a beam-driven and a laser-driven plasma wakefield accelerator by a uniform focusing channel. The tra...

Growth rates of Rayleigh-Taylor modes, particularly those of long wavelength, are reduced at fluid interfaces in inhomogeneous laser-driven targets by the density gradients occurring naturally as a result of the acceleration. Growth rates can be reduced f...

The basic idea that motivated this research effort is the prospect that a series of time z-pinch plasma implosions could be used to sequentially propel a projectile to high velocities. Such a process would provide a new type of electrically driven gun wit...

We reconsider the idea of a solid-state laser-driven linac in view of the latest development in the creation of super-intense subpicosecond laser pulses and studying their interaction with surfaces. We suggest that by guiding such pulses in a disposable m...

The Space Power Institute at Auburn University has constructed an electromagnetically driven particle accelerator for simulating the effects of space debris on the materials for use in advanced spacecraft. The facility consists of a capacitively driven ac...

... Accession Number : ADA209740. Title : High-Power Free-Electron Lasers Driven by RF Linear Accelerators. Descriptive Note : Memorandum rept. ...

This thesis examines the validity of using the energy technique on propeller-driven aircraft during a climb analysis. It compares an accepted subsonic aircraft climb analysis method (pure potential energy increase) with an acceleration analysis procedure ...

The development of accelerator-driven systems involving the production of spallation neutrons will require extensive materials data on the response of structural components to the effects of the mixed charged particle and neutron fluxes. Failure to anticipate the potentially strong influence of radiation on material`s performance will most certainly lead to difficulty in ...

Towards our final goal, such as to establish the laser-driven proton accelerator for the medical application, one of the most important things to establish is to develop the proton transport system. In this continuous work, we demonstrate the focusing system of the laser-driven proton beam with permanent magnet qadrupoles (PMQs), with ...

Understanding the dynamics of laser-produced plasma is essentially important for increasing available thrust force in a gas-driven laser propulsion system such as laser-driven in-tube accelerator. A computer code is developed to explore the formation of expanding nonequilibrium plasma produced by laser irradiation. Various properties ...

The instability of the line-driven winds of hot stars leads to the formation of strong shocks. These

Macro-particle acceleration driven by low current, high voltage cathode spots has been investigated.

The problem of nuclear safety and reliability of power installation based on accelerator-driver. The maximum reliability of electronuclear power installation may be reached by designing it as sum of several subcritical multiplying assemblies each driven by individual accelerator. Every cell is insulated from neutron fluxes of other ...

... much more rapid than expected if driven by random chance alone (Markov 2000). Notably, the growth of L is accelerated ... ...

Earlier model studies of solar wind driven by thermal pressure and Alfven waves have shown that wave