A mesoscale calibration artifact, also called a hybrid artifact, suitable for hybrid dimensional measurement and the method for make the artifact. The hybrid artifact has structural characteristics that make it suitable for dimensional measurement in both vision-based systems and ...

The influence of the coherent artifact in a semiconductor Ga-doped ZnO film on femtosecond pump-probe measurement is studied. The coherent artifact mixed into the pump-probe signal can be directly inspected by detecting the background-free first-order diffraction signal induced by the interference between the pump ...

Image of the atomic force microscopy (AFM) is the convolution of probe shape and specimen geometry. However, probe shape for AFM imaging is not equivalent to the actual probe shape. Gap distance was controlled with the interaction between probe and specimen. Imaging parameters for controlling gap distance between ...

A mesoscale dimensional artifact based on silicon bulk micromachining fabrication has been developed and manufactured with the intention of evaluating the artifact both on a high precision coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and video-probe based measuring...

Neutrons can be produced in nuclear reactions and used as very versatile probes for condensed matter research. Since their introduction in the 1950s neutron scattering techniques have evolved to be very powerful tools for investigating the properties of condensed matter. Here we present the concept of neutron diffraction and how this technique can be used to address problems ...

A new Reduced Artifact Dilution Sampler (RADS) has been developed which consists of an isothermal/isokinetic stack probe, an automated dilution system and a reduced artifact sampling system for the collection of both vapor phase and particulate PAH. A pri...

A mesoscale dimensional artifact based on silicon bulk micromachining fabrication has been developed and manufactured with the intention of evaluating the artifact both on a high precision coordinate measuring machine (CMM) and video-probe based measuring systems. This hybrid artifact has features that can be ...

... Accession Number : AD0193078. Title : MOBILE LINEAR ACCELERATOR PROBES BIG WELDS. Corporate Author : Report Date : FEB 1961. ...

The behavior of freestanding lipid bilayer membranes under the influence of dielectric force potentials was studied by trapping, holding, and rotating individual giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) inside dielectrophoretic microfield cages. Using laser scanning confocal microscopy and three-dimensional image reconstructions of GUVs labeled with fluorescent membrane probes, field ...

Oct 16, 2006 ... Nanometer Step Height Standard artifact chip developed to enable greatly improved calibration of scanning probe microscopy instruments. ...

probes, and derelict artifacts in the form of space debris like rocket booster stages or .... infrasonic emissions. 5. Anomalous telecommunications activity ( radio ... search for electromagnetic signatures. In many ways the search for ...

mission's primary scientific goal: to understand how the Sun's corona is heated and how the solar wind is accelerated. Solar Probe will revolutionize our ...

... In a discussion of plasma diagnostics, the techniques of Langmuir probes, the Mach-Zehnder interferometer, spectroscopy, and photography are ...

The Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP) is a proposed space-based experiment designed to study the dark energy and alternative explanations of the acceleration of the Universe's expansion by performing a series of complementary systematics-controlled astr...

While atomic force microscopy (AFM) has become a promising tool for visualizing membrane morphology of cells, many studies have reported the presence of artifacts such as cliffs on the edges of cells. These artifacts shield important structural features such as lamellopodia, filopodia, microvilli and membrane ridges, which represent characteristic status ...

Functional near-infrared spectroscopy has the potential to easily detect cerebral functional hemodynamics. However, in practical fNIRS measurements, a subject's physical or systemic physiological activities often cause undesirable artifacts. Such activities can be evoked even by task execution. In this case, observed artifacts may correlate strongly with ...

There is a great deal of interest in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), and to advance the state of IGRT, an integrated linear accelerator-magnetic resonance (linac-MR) system has been proposed. Knowledge of the radiofrequency (RF) emissions near a linac is important for the design of appropriate RF shielding to facilitate the successful integration of these two devices. The ...

There is a great deal of interest in image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT), and to advance the state of IGRT, an integrated linear accelerator-magnetic resonance (linac-MR) system has been proposed. Knowledge of the radiofrequency (RF) emissions near a linac is important for the design of appropriate RF shielding to facilitate the successful integration of these two devices. The ...

... Accession Number : ADA129723. Title : Prospects for Optical Probing of the Rayleigh-Taylor Instability in Ablatively-Accelerated Foil Targets. ...

Microwave heating accelerates quantitative squaraine rotaxane formation by slipping and facilitates production of a bacterial imaging probe with zinc dipicolylamine targeting ligands.

A carbon nanotube (CNT) was successfully attached to a base probe with a blunt apex and subsequently used as a probe for an atomic force microscope (AFM). This setup demonstrates high spatial resolution properties, plus an advantage: we were able to readily identify the loss of the CNT from the end of the probe by the resultant sudden ...

The relative temperature artifacts produced by a selection of commercially available thermocouples and catheters were evaluated in radiation bolus and beef phantoms heated by 1 and 3 MHz continuous ultrasound. The thermocouples included a 23 gauge needle microprobe inserted directly into the phantoms, polyurethane-sheathed, Teflon-sheathed, and exposed-tip thermocouples, each ...

We describe results of theoretical and experimental investigations of artifacts that can arise in spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) as a result of sample or probe beam motion. While SD-OCT and OFDI are based on similar spectral interferometric principles, the specifics of motion effects are ...

The Supernova Acceleration Probe (SNAP) will use Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as distance indicators to measure the effect of dark energy on the expansion history of the Universe. (SNAP's weak-lensing program is described in a separate White Paper.) The ex...

The SuperNova Acceleration Probe (SNAP) instrument is being designed to collect image and spectroscopic data for the study of dark energy in the universe. In this paper, we describe a distributed architecture for the data acquisition system which interfac...

probes are built into a fleece cap that is slipped over the infant's head allowing their head to move probes were held in black fleece hats with a chinstrap. On the infant probes there was a 90-degree bend artifacts. These achieve- ments were accomplished by making a comfortable fleece hat with a chin strap

AFM image. Figure 3 b shows the thermal image of the sample obtained for a dc current of 27 A flowing be clearly observed. To verify that the image was not due to topography-induced artifact, the thermal image. Another possible artifact in the thermal image could be caused by current flow from the sample

... Pagination or Media Count : 56. Abstract : An electron probe is a finely focused beam of electrons accelerated through a potential of 5 to 40kv. ...

... Wray, CAPTAIN, MC, USN Director Aviation Medical Acceleration ... composition of the breathing gas, and in ... systems of small space bio- probes has ...

the initial gain filtering) in the cross validation loop (Ambroise and McLachlan, 2002). It should be noted cancer tissues probed by oligonucleotide arrays. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, 96, 6745-6750. Ambroise C

PurposeTo demonstrate accelerated imaging with artifact reduction near metallic implants and different contrast mechanisms.Materials and MethodsSlice-encoding for metal artifact correction (SEMAC) is a modified spin echo sequence that uses view-angle tilting and slice-direction phase encoding to correct both in-plane and through-plane ...

Correct adjustment of the UNILAC accelerating structures requires precise knowledge of the intensity distribution of the beam in a longitudinal phase space. Electromagnetic measurement procedures can fill this role when the applied probes and the accessor...

The first accelerator radiocarbon dates of rock varnishes are reported along with potassium/argon ages of lava flows and conventional radiocarbon dates of pluvial lake shorelines, in an empirical calibration of rock varnish K(+) + Ca(2+)/Ti(4+) ratios with age in the Mojave Desert, eastern California. This calibration was used to determine the cation-ratio dates of 167 ...

The first accelerator radiocarbon dates of rock varnishes are reported along with potassium/argon ages of lava flows and conventional radiocarbon dates of pluvial lake shorelines, in an empirical calibration of rock varnish K/sup +/ + Ca/sup 2 +//Ti/sup 4 +/ ratios with age in the Mojave Desert, eastern California. This calibration was used to determine the cation-ratio dates ...

This tutorial paper discusses, at a basic level, some of the diagnostics used in plasma accelerators laboratories. Covered are measurements of laser beams, using probe laser beams to characterize the plasma itself (as opposed to the plasma wave accelerating structure) in various ways, including density fluctuations in the plasma and ...

Some applications of particle accelerators in chemistry and biology are presented and discussed. Accent is placed on the use of electron storage rings to produce synchrotron radiation, the use of electron accelerators to probe the kinetic properties of shortlived chemical entities and on the radiation biological and biomedical uses of ...

The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator group develops accelerating structures based on dielectric loaded waveguides. We use high charge short electron bunches to excite wakefields in dielectric loaded structures, and a second (low charge) beam to probe the wak...

Equivalence-principle experiments with ordinary matter probe the gravivector acceleration of antimatter in the same way as do direct measurements of antimatter in free fall and set stringent upper limits on the gravivector acceleration of antimatter predicted by certain quantum-gravity models.

The current collection characteristics of a moving cylindrical Langmuir probe are evaluated for a range of probe speeds and potentials which are applicable to earth and planetary measurements. The current expressions derived include the cases of the general accelerated current, sheath area limited current, orbital motion ...

Transient changes in the complex conductivity of the high-temperature superconductor YBa{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7} have been measured with optical-pump THz-probe spectroscopy. Artifacts in the conductivity arise when optical excitation induces changes in the material response that occur on a time scale comparable with or faster than the THz pulse width. A ...

Most manufacturing machine tools are utilized for mass production or batch production with high accuracy at a deterministic manufacturing principle. Volumetric accuracy of machine tools depends on the positional accuracy of the cutting tool, probe or end effector related to the workpiece in the workspace volume. In this research paper, a methodology is presented for volumetric ...

The origin of spin locking image artifacts in the presence of B0 and B1 magnetic field imperfections is shown theoretically using the Bloch equations and experimentally at low (?1 ? ??0), intermediate (?1 � ??0) and high (?1 ? ??0) spin locking field strengths. At low spin locking fields, the magnetization is shown to oscillate about an effective field in the rotating frame ...

We have identified and studied a pronounced artifact in diffusion-weighted MRI on a clinical system. The artifact results from vibrations of the patient table due to low-frequency mechanical resonances of the system which are stimulated by the low-frequency gradient switching associated with the diffusion-weighting. The artifact ...

The static and stationary C metric are examined in a generic framework and their interpretations studied in some detail, especially those with two event horizons, one for the black hole and another for the acceleration. We find that (i) the spacetime of an accelerated static black hole is plagued by either conical singularities or a lack of smoothness and ...

As a major improvement in three-dimensional (3D) atom probe, the range of applicable material classes has recently been broadened by the establishment of laser-assisted atom probes (LA-3DAP). Meanwhile, measurements of materials of low conductivity, such as dielectrics, ceramics, and semiconductors, have widely been demonstrated. However, besides different ...

An attempt was made to confirm previous reports of resonant-like dielectric absorption of plasmid DNA in aqueous solutions at 1-10 GHz. The dielectric properties of the sample were measured using an automatic network analyzer with two different techniques. One technique used an open-ended coaxial probe immersed in the sample; the other employed a coaxial transmission line. No ...

Higher energy accelerators continue to play an important role in nuclear physics, probing ever more deeply into the properties and behavior of the constituents of nuclear matter. Three main projectile-types currently used are electrons, light hadrons (protons, mesons) and heavy ions; each addresses different aspects of the reaction process. Current and ...

As part of an American History survey course at East Tennessee State University, students conducted research on ordinary objects from homes, barns, and workshops in the Tri-Cities area of Tennessee, learned techniques for displaying and interpreting artifacts, and designed and constructed exhibits illustrating aspects of homelife and work in the Appalachian region in the 19th ...

Artifacts in the field evaporation behavior of small precipitates have limited the accuracy of atom probe tomography analysis of clusters and precipitates smaller than 2 nm. Here, we report on specific observations of reconstruction artifacts that were obtained in case of precipitates with radii less than 10 nm in Al alloys, focusing ...

... REMOVING ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHIC ARTIFACTS BY BLIND SOURCE SEPARATION ... Removing electroencephalographic artifacts ...

Significant motion artifacts may arise in conventional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography due to sample or probe motion during the exposure time of a CCD array. We show, for the first time to our knowledge, that the motion artifacts can be greatly reduced by short illumination of individual CCD pixels and that this can be ...

Near-field optical (NFO) microscopes with an auxiliary gap width regulation (shear force, tunneling) may produce images that represent the path of the probe rather than optical properties of the sample. Experimental and theoretical evidence leads us to the conclusion that many NFO results reported in the past might have been affected or even dominated by the resulting ...

A novel heterodyne Doppler interferometer method for compensating motion artifacts caused by cardiac motion in intracoronary optical frequency domain imaging (OFDI) is demonstrated. To track the relative motion of a catheter with regard to the vessel, a motion tracking system is incorporated with a standard OFDI system by using wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) ...

Virtual impactors are currently being used in a number of instruments to separate an aerosol into different size ranges. The virtual impactor is a variation of the standard impactor in which the impaction surface is replaced by an orifice into which particles can pass and be collected or counted. We have made an experimental study of the collection characteristics of virtual impactors. The ...

Three-dimensional images are vital for the diagnosis in dentistry and cranio-maxillofacial surgery. Artifacts caused by highly absorbing components such as metallic implants, however, limit the value of the tomograms. The dominant artifacts observed are blowout and streaks. Investigating the artifacts generated by metallic implants in ...

Contemporary reconstruction methods employed for clinical helical cone-beam computed tomography (CT) are analytical (noniterative) but mathematically nonexact, i.e., the reconstructed image contains so called cone-beam artifacts, especially for higher cone angles. Besides cone artifacts, these methods also suffer from windmill ...

In this work we describe a useful probe for a solvolysis mechanism using the neutral nucleophile thiourea for which confusing salt effects are absent and solvent effects are small. Significant rate accelerations, linear with thiourea concentration, are ob...

Microwave heating accelerates quantitative squaraine rotaxane formation by slipping and facilitates production of a bacterial imaging probe with zinc dipicolylamine targeting ligands. PMID:20126715

Sample calculations were performed with a three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element model analysis that describe the response of an eddy current (EC) probe to steam generator (SG) tubing artifacts. Such calculations could be very helpful in understanding and interpreting of EC probe response to complex tube/defect geometries associated ...

For true insight into the nature of dark energy, measurements of the precision and accuracy of the Supernova/Acceleration Probe (SNAP) are required. Precursor or scaleddown experiments are unavoidably limited, even for distinguishing the cosmological cons...

Results are presented for a continuously operating electron cyclotron resonance plasma accelerator at a frequency of 2.45 kilomega-cycles with absorbed power levels up to 0.5 kilowatt. Langmuir-probe measurements indicate that a space-charge field set up ...

Clouds of electrons in the vacuum chambers of accelerators of positively charged particle beams present a serious limitation for operation of these machines at high currents. Because of the size of these accelerators, it is difficult to probe the low ener...

Results are presented for a continuously operating electron cyclotron resonance plasma accelerator at a frequency of 2.45 kMc and absorbed power levels of up to 0.5 kilowatt. Langmuir probe measurements indicate that a space charge field set up by energet...

Nuclear and atomic processes shaping the composition of the cosmic radiation prior to propagation are reviewed. The role of selective ionization and rigidity-dependent effects is emphasized. The elemental and isotopic cosmic-ray source abundances are used to place empirical constraints on idealized acceleration models.

Higher energy accelerators continue to play an important role in nuclear physics, probing ever more deeply into the properties and behavior of the constituents of nuclear matter. Three main projectile-types currently used are electrons, light hadrons (pro...

promise for probing the atomic-level behavior of many different materials. Within semiconductors, for example, the motion and speed of electrons changes very rapidly. Manipulating...

A computational technique is developed which may be used to determine the temporal and spatial dependence of displacement, velocity and acceleration of a probe, which is interacting with sediment, in terms of boundary tractions which may be rate dependent...

Feb 23, 2011... a flux gate magnetometer (FGM), a search coil magnetometer (SCM), .... points and inter-probe separations how particles are accelerated ...

Jan 11, 2006 ... The particle jets (indicated by red arrows) are sandwiched between sheets of opposite magnetic fields (blue). Earth's magnetic environment ...

& Particle Astrophysics Supernova Acceleration Probe University of California at Berkeley UC Berkeley Physics Department of Energy Universe in the Classroom One Laptop per Child...

SNAP, the SuperNova/Acceleration Probe, is an experiment designed to learn the nature of dark energy by precisely measuring the expansion history of the ...

Berkeley national Laboratory, Sonoma State University Search the SNAP site: Search HOME SCIENCE PROJECT TEAM (private) EDUCATION AND PUBLIC INFO The SuperNova Acceleration Probe...

... Diagnostic measurements included magnetic flux density using small coil probes, current distribution using a Rogowski coil plasma front location ...

The potential of electron accelerators for investigating nuclear structures is presented. Several examples of electron scattering in coincidence and their principal characteristics, are discussed. (Atomindex citation 19:098276)

Nov 3, 2009 ... All the material in the exosphere is accelerated in the ... The inset is a schematic illustration of how thermal neutrons are used to probe ...

Feb 17, 2007... current disruption onset, while two outer probes at 20 and 30RE remotely monitor plasma acceleration due to lobe flux dissipation. ...

... BEACON TRANSPONDER: C-BAND, DOUBLE PULSED ... accelerator/beam diagnostic section, and below the ... Voltmeter Probe (HIV) assembly at ...

... NRLJMR/4795-92-7141 Identification of Toroidal Field Errors In a Modified Betatron Accelerator ... Major Axis " . Toroidal Field Coil #2 Br 0 Probe ...

This paper discusses the need for higher energy accelerators to probe the mysteries of the subatomic universe. Intermediate vector bosons are discussed as well as symmetry breaking and the standard model. (LSP)

This paper discusses the need for higher energy accelerators to probe the mysteries of the subatomic universe. Intermediate vector bosons are discussed, as well as symmetry breaking and the standard model. (ERA citation 13:052534)

the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) had probed the internal structure of the proton, and Caltech's Richard Feynman had suggested in 1969 that the results of these...

Mar 2, 2005... detected the presence of highly charged particles crashing into the ... by the acceleration of charged ions of oxygen and other elements ...

The Heavy Ion Fusion Group at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has for several years been developing the world's first circular induction accelerator designed for space charge dominated ion beams. Experiments on one quarter of the ring have been completed. The accelerator extended ten half-lattice periods (HLP) with induction cores for ...

This work aims at improving the performance of parallel imaging by using it with our "unaliasing by Fourier-encoding the overlaps in the temporal dimension" (UNFOLD) temporal strategy. A self-calibration method called "self, hybrid referencing with UNFOLD and GRAPPA" (SHRUG) is presented. SHRUG combines the UNFOLD-based sensitivity mapping strategy introduced in the TSENSE method by Kellman et al. ...

The Experimental Test Accelerator II (ETA-II) linear induction accelerator at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory uses a solenoid magnet in each acceleration cell to focus and transport an electron beam over the length of the accelerator. To control growth of the corkscrew mode the magnetic field must be ...

The Argonne Wakefield Accelerator group develops accelerating structures based on dielectric loaded waveguides. We use high charge short electron bunches to excite wakefields in dielectric loaded structures, and a second (low charge) beam to probe the wakefields left behind by the drive beam. We report measurements of beam parameters ...

Although achieving of high accelerating field in a plasma has been demonstrated experimentally, a practical use of such a scheme for building a large accelerator is questionable. A novel scheme of beam acceleration by a plasma wave is considered in this article. The scheme is based on an initial excitation of a plasma wave by a ...

Although achieving of high accelerating field in a plasma has been demonstrated experimentally, a practical use of such a scheme for building a large accelerator is questionable. A novel scheme of beam acceleration by a plasma wave is considered in this article. The scheme is based on an initial excitation of a plasma wave by a ...

Although achieving of high accelerating field in a plasma has been demonstrated experimentally, a practical use of such a scheme for building a large accelerator is questionable. A novel scheme of beam acceleration by a plasma wave is considered in this article. The scheme is based on an initial excitation of a plasma wave by a ...

Parallel imaging with accelerated acquisition was noted to pronounce Gibbs artifacts which appear as ripples propagated in the phase-encoding (PE) direction near the susceptibility-affected region in echo-planar imaging (EPI). Using the extended EPI sequence, which collected extended readouts outside the regular data sampling time, the pronounced Gibbs ...

This report documents PROBE - A digital computer program for computing Langmuir probe current-voltage characteristics. PROBE computes current-voltage characteristics and potential, electric field, and charged particle density profiles for a spherical Langmuir probe in a collision dominated slightly ionized gas. The ...

Carbon-nanotube (CNT)-tipped atomic force microscope (AFM) probes were assembled in a deterministic and reproducible manner by transplanting a CNT bearing polymeric carrier to a microelectromechanical systems cantilever. Single-strand CNTs were grown vertically at predefined locations where each CNT was encapsulated into a cylindrical polymer carrier block. Double-layer ...

Laser-assisted atom probe microscopy of 2 nm period {sup 28}Si/{sup 30}Si isotope superlattices (SLs) is reported. Three-dimensional distributions of {sup 28}Si and {sup 30}Si stable isotopes are obtained with sub-nanometer spatial resolution. The depth resolution of the present atom probe analysis is much higher than that of secondary ion mass ...

Laser-assisted atom probe microscopy of 2 nm period 28Si/30Si isotope superlattices (SLs) is reported. Three-dimensional distributions of 28Si and 30Si stable isotopes are obtained with sub-nanometer spatial resolution. The depth resolution of the present atom probe analysis is much higher than that of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) even when SIMS ...

A miniaturized, telemetric, photoplethysmograph sensor for long-term, continuous monitoring is presented in this thesis. The sensor, called a "ring sensor, " is attached to a finger base for monitoring beat-to-beat pulsation, and the data is sent to a host computer via a RF transmitter. Two major design issues are addressed: one is to minimize motion ...

This Resource Letter provides a guide to the literature on dark energy and the accelerating universe. It is intended to be of use to researchers, teachers, and students at several levels. Journal articles, books, and websites are cited for the following topics: Einstein's cosmological constant, quintessence or dynamical scalar fields, modified cosmic gravity, relations to high ...

Brookhaven National Laboratory has developed a portable pressure-volume authenticator** as a standard and means of checking the functionality and quality of bubbler-probe volumetric devices. The pressure-volume authenticator (PVA) consists of an automated electromanometer system that is controlled by a laptop computer, and a transportable volumetric ...

Brookhaven National Laboratory has developed a portable pressure-volume authenticator** as a standard and means of checking the functionality and quality of bubbler-probe volumetric devices. The pressure-volume authenticator (PVA) consists of an automated electromanometer system that is controlled by a laptop computer, and a transportable volumetric ...

Brookhaven National Laboratory has developed a portable pressure-volume authenticator as a standard and means of checking the functionality and quality of bubbler-probe volumetric devices. The pressure-volume authenticator (PVA) consists of an automated electromanometer system that is controlled by a laptop computer, and a transportable volumetric ...

Microwave ablation is a promising option in lung cancer therapy. However, it's rarely used in percutaneous lung cancer therapy compared to liver cancer, because the presence of a large amount of air within the lung creates significant back shadowing artifacts that preclude adequate delineation of anatomic details on sonography. To utilize microwave ablation in malignant lung ...

Compared to conventional particle accelerators, plasmas can sustain accelerating fields that are thousands of times higher. To exploit this ability, massively parallel SciDAC particle simulations provide physical insight into the development of next-generation accelerators that use laser-driven plasma waves. These plasma-based ...

We have developed a new method for measuring the electromagnetic fields (wake fields) induced in high-frequency accelerating devices by intense relativistic electron bunches. These fields are probed by a second collinear electron bunch which follows the primary bunch at a variable delay. Initial results for several iris-loaded rf structure geometries are ...

The meatus (auditory canal) plays a role in altering the waveform of incident sound, distorting time- and frequency-domain characteristics. Often in transient-evoked otoacoustic emission (TEOAE) recording protocols, a 75 mus click is utilized to elicit a click-evoked response. TEOAEs are recorded by a probe microphone placed in the meatus and last for about 20 ms. Time-domain ...

A cylindrical Langmuir probe in a low-density, collisionless plasma (density {approx}10{sup 8} cm{sup -3}, electron temperature 0.2 eV) has been scanned radially through the presheath region to determine the effect of distance from the axis on the current-voltage characteristic. In the ion part of the probe characteristic, the collected ion current ...

is capableof achieving motion- insensitive 1OOpm resolution images for examination of a fibrous cap in humans) of three coil designs were assessedin saline solution. Ex vivo aortic samples were examined to evaluate of interest were added to reduce the inflow signal and to minimize blood-flow related artifacts. Figure 1 show

Measurement methods aimed at determining material properties through nonlinear wave propagation are sensitive to artifacts caused by background nonlinearities inherent in the ultrasonic generation and detection methods. The focus of this paper is to describe our investigation of nonlinear mixing of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) as a means to decrease sensitivity to background ...

Impedance measurements provide a useful probe of the physics of bolometers and calorimeters. We describe a method for measuring the complex impedance of these devices. In previous work, stray impedances and readout electronics of the measurement apparatus have resulted in artifacts in the impedance data. The technique allows experimenters to find an ...

Fear-potentiated startle (FPS) is an increasingly popular psychophysiological method for the objective assessment of fear and anxiety. Studies applying this method often elicit the startle reflex with loud white-noise stimuli. Such intense stimuli may, however, alter psychological processes of interest by creating unintended emotional or attentional artifacts. Additionally, ...

Finite plasma temperature can modify the structure of the wake field, reduce the wave-breaking field, and lead to self-trapped electrons, which can degrade the electron bunch quality in a plasma-based accelerator. A relativistic warm fluid theory is used to describe the plasma temperature evolution and alterations to the structure of a nonlinear periodic wave exited in a warm ...

-stage (progressive) lesions of the EC in one hemisphere accelerate CTD sprouting and spare spatial memory function.02; Omnibus F test: F(3,22) 4.26; p 0.05). Similarly, the progressive lesion group was the only group after stimulus artifact onset (Fig. 3). The results from the 100 Hz tests were consistent

Two quantitative analytical techniques, Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry (RBS) and Proton Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE), based on MeV ion beams from a Van de Graaff accelerator have been used in an archaeometric determination of major and minor elem...

Discusses methods used to date archaeological artifacts and other remains. They include: (1) nuclear dating techniques (radiocarbon dating, accelerator radiocarbon dating, thermoluminescence, and others); (2) chemical dating techniques (amino acid racemization, obsidian hydration dating, elemental content changes, and thermal analysis dating); and (3) ...

MRI offers an alternative to CT, and thus is central to an ALARA strategy. However, long exam times, limited magnet availability, and motion artifacts are barriers to expanded use of MRI. This article reviews developments in pediatric body MRI that might reduce these barriers: high field systems, acceleration, navigation and newer contrast agents. ...

A heavy ion beam probe (HIBP) has been installed on the Large Helical Device (LHD). A MeV-range beam is required for the LHD-HIBP. The probing beam is accelerated up to 6 MeV by use of a tandem accelerator. A new energy analyzer with tandem electrodes has also been developed to analyze such a high energy beam. As a ...

Static pressure position error calibrations for a compensated and an uncompensated XB-70 nose boom pitot static probe were obtained in flight. The methods (Pacer, acceleration-deceleration, and total temperature) used to obtain the position errors over a ...

is that in the case of a vacuum accident, a relatively fast retrieval of the probe 1 s behind a gate valve by the slow at a considerably lower acceleration due to a drop in helium pressure in the lines and reservoir. It is im- portant has as its signature a sudden drop FIG. 7. Probe traces of: upper right, probe ...

An electromagnetic accelerator in the form of a linear electric motor (LEM) has been designed to achieve controlled acceleration profiles of a carriage containing hydrodynamically unstable fluids for the investigation of the development of turbulent mix. Key features of the design include: (1) independent control of acceleration, ...

Superconductivity is at the heart of new accelerator technology needed in the search for a deeper understanding of the fundamental nature of matter and the forces of the universe. An example is the Superconducting Super Collider (SSC) now under construction near Dallas, Texas. More than ten thousand superconducting magnets will be used in the SSC to guide beams of protons as ...

The Accelerator Test Facility (ATF), presently under construction at Brookhaven National laboratory, is described. It consists of a 50-MeV electron beam synchronizable to a high-peak power CO{sub 2} laser. The interaction of electrons with the laser field will be probed, with some emphasis on exploring laser-based acceleration ...

Methods of plasma propulsion are discussed, and an exposition of a variation of the rail device (the coaxial accelerator) is presented. Parameters necessary for accelerating a metal-derived plasma with an aggregate mass of one milligram to a velocity of 10/sup 8/ cm/sec are established. In a discussion of plasma diagnostics, the techniques of ...

If an accelerator of energetic ions turns on inside a new type II supernova while the shell is sufficiently thick, energetic secondary mesons will be produced by collisions in the expanding shell. These will decay to give rise to neutrinos of energies much larger than the deleptonization and thermal neutrinos emitted during the collapse itself. If the power in ...

Results are presented from experimental studies of the electromagnetic acceleration of a hydrogen or deuterium plasma in an inverse Z-pinch geometry. The acceleration dynamics of the plasma shell was simulated in a zero-dimensional model and was measured with magnetic probes. The ion energy spectrum in the plasma flow was determined ...

A description begun in Kerntechnik 6, p.169(1959) is continued. The ion source and accelerator tube are described. The ion source is of the Thomeman type in which a plasma is prcduced by a high-frequency gas discharge. The ions are extracted from the plasma by a probe. The accelerator tube is a 20-cm ID glass or porcelain ...

Accelerator technology has been a major beneficiary of the investment made over the last decade. It is the intention of this paper to provide the reader with a glimpse of the broad nature of those advances. Development has been on a broad front and this paper can highlight only a few of those. Two spin-off applications will be outlined -- a concept for a compact, active, beam ...

acceleration. Ions accelerated at the rocket altitudes (450 - 650 km on MARIE; 800 - 1000 on TOPAZ III) would between the spikelets and transversely accelerated ions (TAI): Garbe et al. [1992] from TOPAZ II (TOpside Probe of the Auroral Zone), Vago et al. [1992] from TOPAZ II and III; Kintner et al [1992] from ...

The Transient Internal Probe (TIP) is a diagnostic for the direct measurement of internal local magnetic or electric fields with high spatial and temporal resolution (1 cm, 1 MHz). A two-stage light-gas gun launches an optic probe at high velocity (1.5 km/s � 1.8 km/s) so that the probe can transit the plasma before severe ablation ...

In this academy transactions note, we study a type of relativistic interstellar flight that would enable an unmanned space probe to reach the nearest stars in a few decades� time. �Time� here means �proper time�, that is the time aboard the probe, a little shorter than the time elapsed on Earth for the same flight. We consider what in special ...

NPR 4310.1, Identification and Disposition of NASA Artifacts .... transfer and accounting of artifacts and will act as the primary contact for artifact ...

... REDERIVATION OF SOFTWARE ARTIFACTS: FY 92 The MITRE Corporation ... Page 5. Incremental Rederivation of Software Artifacts: ...

Nov 30, 2004 ... SNOOPY SPACE ARTIFACTS. DISCUSSION. When the astronauts of ... OTHER SPACE SNOOPY ARTIFACTS. SNOOPY AT SPACE CENTER ...

Discriminability of these compensator artifacts was investigated by a protocol in which .... artifacts due to the presence of imperfect predictive compensa- ...

The origin of spin locking image artifacts in the presence of B₀ and B₁ magnetic field imperfections is shown theoretically using the Bloch equations and experimentally at low (?₁ ? ??₀), intermediate (?₁ ~ ??₀) and high ...

Saturation transfer difference (STD) methods recently have been proposed to be a promising tool for self-recognition mapping at residue and atomic resolution in amyloidogenic peptides. Despite the significant potential of the STD approach for systems undergoing oligomer/monomer (O/M) equilibria, a systematic analysis of the possible artifacts arising in this novel application ...

Ring artifacts often appear in flat-detector CT because of imperfect or defect detector elements or calibration. In high-spatial resolution CT images reducing such artifacts becomes a necessity. In this paper, we used the post-processing ring correction in polar coordinates (RCP)1 to eliminate the ring artifacts. The median filter is ...