This paper contains a short summary on accelerator designs. Kaon factory, boosters, polarized beams and power supplies are all briefly mentioned.
DOE Information Bridge
... Accession Number : ADA299062. Title : A Design Study for a New Pattern Recognition Accelerator. Descriptive Note : Interim technical rept. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
The principles of operation of diffusion type electrochemical sensors of linear and angular accelerations are examined. Relations for designing such accelerometers are proposed, and the principal technical parameters of several accelerometers are examined...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
TECHNICAL NOTE DESIGN OF A SYSTEM FOR THE ACCELERATED LOADING OF HEART VALVE PROSTHESES E. P. M is described for the loading of heart valve prostheses under physiological pressure conditions at a frequency research project is to lay down specitications for the construction of heart valve prostheses. In order
E-print Network
lamp and a standard neon lamp. The spectral radiance of the lamp under these conditions was calibrated Technical Lamps, Waltham, MA). After MOE design was completed, the interference effects on transmission#12;Accelerated Articles Design and Testing of a Multivariate Optical Element: The First Demonstration
This report ends the theoretical and technical studies of the project of new accelerating unit proposed by IPN at Orsay. The isochronous cyclotron with superconducting coils is coupled to two different injections: an axial one with polarized or not ion so...
A history of the founding, design effort, construction, and funding of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility is presented. The contributions made by individuals and technical design groups are discussed.
MASS LAUNCH SYSTEM. FINAL REPORT. Spacecraft Systems Design, AA 420/499C ...... shoulder around the circumferential edge of the diaphragm on the low ...
NASA Website
A single-unit electron beam accelerator was designed, fabricated, and assembled in Sandia's Technical Area V to conduct magnetically insulated transmission experiments. Results of these experiments will be utilized in the future design of larger, more complex accelerators. This ...
The plants envisioned in this ATW technology roadmap would contain multiple sub-critical fission assemblies (burners) driven by two high-power proton linear accelerators. The accelerator technology and design are similar to those proposed for the Accelera...
This paper introduces Accelerator Toolbox (AT)--a collection of tools to model particle accelerators and beam transport lines in the MATLAB environment. At SSRL, it has become the modeling code of choice for the ongoing design and future operation of the SPEAR 3 synchrotron light source. AT was designed to take ...
Energy Citations Database
... Descriptors : *ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, *LINEAR ACCELERATORS, *MICROWAVES, *TRAVELING WAVE ELECTRON ACCELERATORS ...
A new heavy-ion accelerator facility for radiotherapy is being designed at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. Performance requirements have been established. Ions from helium to argon can be accelerated to a maximum energy of 800 MeV/nucleon with intensities in the range 10/sup 8/ to 10/sup 9/ particles per second. The ...
The report reviews processes of forming technical companies and means of accelerating these processes. It is the third study in a series on regional development through technical enterprise. With particular respect to economic development of the Ozarks re...
Fire, Explosion, Compatibility and Safety Hazards of Hydrogen Peroxide .... The first phase, 130 F, a moderately accelerated test designed to achieve the ...
... A Hewlett Packard electron beam accelerator, known as ... and tested under a pulsed power load ... The analyzer allows for fast, efficient measurements ...
Mar 1, 2011 ... The first phase, 130 F, a moderately accelerated test designed to ..... METEOROLOGICAL PARAMETERS (10) [x] : HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (10) [x] ...
As a check on the design, tufts of yarn were ...... Hooper's rotor cascade turned the flow 107O, while accelerating it to 1.6 times the inlet velocity. ...
His work has been done using solid rocket motors to provide 8 g's of acceleration to pull the DART capsule away from the Delta booster. ...
assess the impact of various design concepts uponpassengercomfort response .... (I) Floor acceleration was as good an estimator of passenger comfort as seat ...
Mar 1, 2011 ... In addition, hydrogen peroxide is unstable when exposed to trace .... The first phase, 130 F, a moderately accelerated test designed to ...
In addition, hydrogen peroxide is unstable when exposed to trace contaminants, ... The first phase, 130 F, a moderately accelerated test designed to achieve ...
The railgun system was designed to accelerate only 14 kg to 6 km/s. ... The effort has enabled Westinghouse to develop expertise in the technology required ...
A technical bibliography covering subjects important to the design of high-intensity beam transport systems and linear accelerators is presented. Space charge and emittance growth are stressed. Subject and author concordances provide cross-reference to de...
Some aspects of r-f acceleration of particles to above 10 Bev are briefly discussed; and technical problems such as the generation of very high r-f power in the uhf range, design and fabrication of high Q accclerating units, and beam control and loading are examined. (D.C.W.)
... Title : TECHNICAL PROGRESS ACCELERATORS (INFORGA-65) (USKORITELI TEKHNICHESKOGO PROGRESSA (INFORGA-65),. ...
, Basic Web Design; COM 431, Intermediate Web Design; COM 432, Advanced Web Design), databases, e-commerce, energy, e-commerce and other selected topics. Accelerated courses are numbered at the 700 level) a bibliographic essay identifying sig- nificant trends in recent research in technical ...
A conceptual design of a muon acceleration scheme based on recirculating superconducting linacs is proposed. In the presented scenario, acceleration starts after ionization cooling at 210 MeV/c and proceeds to 20 GeV, where the beam is injected into a neutrino factory storage ring. The key technical issues are ...
A conceptual design of a muon acceleration based on recirculating superconducting linacs is proposed. In the presented scenario, acceleration starts after ionization cooling at 210 MeV/c and proceeds to 20 GeV, where the beam is injected into a neutrino factory storage ring. The key technical issues are addressed; ...
... Descriptors : *ELECTRON ACCELERATORS, *SOLIDS, DESIGN, LINEAR ACCELERATORS, MEASUREMENT, PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. ...
Coincidence of structural resonances with wind turbine dynamic forces can lead to large amplitude stresses and subsequent accelerated fatigue. For this reason, the wind turbine rotor blades and support structure are designed to avoid resonance coincidence...
This technical memorandum reports the development status of an electromechanical integrator as designed for a safe-separation device in REGULUS XMC-491a, HONEST JOHN XMC-492, and TALOS XMC-499 warhead systems.
This report describes the design of an advanced medical facility dedicated to charged particle radiotherapy and other biomedical applications of relativistic heavy ions. Project status is reviewed and some technical aspects discussed. Clinical standards o...
A recirculating terminal pumping system has been installed in the 3 MV Pelletron tandem accelerator in Lund. An extremly limited space in the high voltage terminal and the absence of electrical power in the terminal, forced us to provide a unique design for the installation and powering of the new pumps. Details of the technical ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
... i Page 2. fID-T- 23-616-69 ACCELERATOR OF TECHNICAL PROGRESS By: 0. Kremnev ... Page 3. t. ACCELERATOR OF TECHNICAL PROGRESS ...
Technical Design Report (TDR) describes the preliminary design of the NOvA accelerator upgrades, NOvA detectors, detector halls and detector sites. Compared to the March 2006 and November 2006 NOvA Conceptual Design Reports (CDR), critical value engineeri...
A demonstration facility for Accelerator Driven Systems has been proposed to be constructed at the Joint Institute of Nuclear Research in Dubna. The Subcritical Assembly in Dubna project proposes to couple an existing proton accelerator of 660 MeV and 1 ?A current with a specially designed U-Pu MOX subcritical core. Project objectives, ...
We first describe the basic physical properties of an inverse free-electron laser and make an estimate of the order of magnitude of the accelerating field obtainable with such a system; then apply the general ideas to the design of an actual device and through this example we give a more accurate evaluation of the fundamental as well as the ...
The SLC program is an accelerator experiment and a physics experiment. The progress in the accelerator experiment has been rapid, with injector and damping ring components working, conventional construction on schedule, and technical components in production. Accelerator studies will investigate beam-linac and ...
A conceptual design of a Ring Cooler driven muon acceleration based on recirculating superconducting linacs is proposed. In the presented scenario, acceleration starts after ionization cooling at 250 MeV/c and proceeds to 20 GeV, where the beam is injected into a neutrino factory storage ring. The key technical ...
A conceptual design of a muon acceleration scheme based on recirculating superconducting linacs is proposed. In the presented scenario, acceleration starts after ionization cooling at 245 MeV/c and proceeds to 20 GeV, where the beam is injected into a neutrino factory storage ring. The key technical issues are ...
This paper summarizes the status of the technology of superconducting (SC) linacs designed for the acceleration of ions. The emphasis is on the technical issues involved, with only brief descriptions of the numerous linacs now in operation or under construction. Recent developments of special interest are treated in more detail, and ...
... Accession Number : AD0135048. Title : ELECTROFORMING OF LINEAR ACCELERATOR STRUCTURES. Descriptive Note : Technical rept.,. ...
... Accession Number : AD0637068. Title : THEORY AND DESIGN OF LINEAR ACCELERATORS: COLLECTION OF ARTICLES. ...
The BRB Website contains other software, such as that for the generation of optimal and minimax two-stage phase II clinical trial designs and for managing dose administration for patients on accelerated titration design phase I designs. The Website also contains technical reports and PowerPoint ...
Cancer.gov
The study of long term stability in particle accelerators has long been served by a group of widely circulated computer programs. The progress in these programs has mirrored the growth and versatility in accelerator size, complexity, and purpose, as well as evolving technologies in computing software and hardware. A number of large ...
Proposed accelerator production of tritium (APT) project requires an accelerator providing a cw proton beam of 100 mA at 1300 MeV. Since most of the technical risk of a high-current cw (continuous-wave, 100% DF) accelerator resides in the low-energy section, Los Alamos is building a 20 MeV duplicate of the ...
The design of an ablation accelerator suitable as driver for impact fusion and of a projectile to be accelerated by the accelerator is discussed. The proposed approach which offers an attractive option to accelerate the iron projectile to a hypervelocity ...
The philosophy used in developing the PIGMI (pion generator for medical irradiation) technology was that the parameters chosen for physics research machines are not necessarily the right ones for a dedicated therapy or radioisotope machine. In particular, the beam current and energy can be optimized, and the design should emphasize minimum size, simplicity and reliability of ...
The advantage of H-, D- acceleration in isochronous cyclotrons (IC) due to high efficiency of their extraction by stripping methods is very well known. The problem of H-, D- magnetic dissociation is not so drastic as regards the particle acceleration up to 45 MeV/nucl. However, lately high interest in increasing the proton and deuteron energy on IC is ...
Developed an intelligent test system for the electronic accelerator pedal, and optimized it. The system uses the three-dimensional motion platform driven by servo motor to realize to control the movement of the electronic accelerator pedal automatically and uses the least squares method to optimize the data for the electronic ...
Working Group on Accelerator Physics and Machine Design R&D at Nufact-2007 focuses on topics on accelerator physics and technical issues of hardware components associated with a Neutrino Factory or its subsystems. There were 32 presentations given at the working group. A special session was held to discuss ...
Working Group on Accelerator Physics and Machine Design R and D at Nufact-2007 focuses on topics on accelerator physics and technical issues of hardware components associated with a Neutrino Factory or its subsystems. There were 32 presentations given at the working group. A special session was held to discuss ...
As a significant beginning in applying accelerated tests to solar arrays for life-prediction purposes, this study is directed toward (a) developing a plan for predicting the service life of a specific solar array in a specific geographic site - viz., the 25-KW flat-plate array installed near Mead, Nebraska, and (b) developing technical information from ...
as the warhead. No modification to the guidance section ... on an authorization in early. January, the design of the modifica- ...... TEST BOOSTER. EXIT ACCELERATION. VS BURNOUT. VELOCITY. AND FLIGHT PATH ANGLE. WGTttOR = 108800 ...
Radiation therapy with hadron beams now has a 40-year track record at many accelerator laboratories around the world, essentially all of these originally physics-research oriented. The great promise shown for treating cancer has led the medical community ...
The PEP-II Project Database is a tool for monitoring the technical and documentation aspects of this accelerator construction. It holds the PEP-II design specifications, fabrication and installation data in one integrated system. Key pieces of the databas...
One of the most demanding areas of vehicle application are missiles and Gun Launched Munitions (GLM). From a technical point of view limited space and severe shock, vibration and acceleration conditions put heavy burdens on the system design. From an oper...
The Department of Defense (DoD) initiated Computer-Aided Acquisition and Logistics Support (CALS) Program has the overall goal to enable and accelerate the use and integration of digital technical information for weapons system design, acquisition, manufa...
This document is the first of two volumes describing the ATF2 project. The present volume discusses the technical justification for ATF2 and presents a design description. Since the International Committee for Future Accelerator (ICFA) decision on the cho...
ability to interact with both the patient specific 3D reconstruction and each other during ...... The design process is greatly accelerated by both the use of ..... COLING-ACL. '98 conference held in Montreal in August. Also, the AVIOS ...
Advances in the design and performance of electrostatic accelerators since 1969 are reviewed with special emphasis on the ''forefront'' accelerators that are currently leading in voltage capability. A comparison of the acceleration tube design offered by ...
The MUSE-4 experiment, dedicated to the Accelerator Driven System (ADS) development studies, was achieved in the MASURCA nuclear reactor facility from 2000 to 2004. An external neutron source was introduced in a lead buffer zone located at the centre of the reactor core in order to simulate the spallation source. This paper deals with the GENEPI ...
A new design of terminal pumping has been installed in an existing 3 MV Pelletron tandem accelerator. The very limited space in the high voltage terminal (total length 600 mm and diameter 600 mm and housing equipment for two charging-chain systems and a double valve equipment, the latter to be used in connection with stripper foil replacement) and the ...
This report describes the design of an advanced medical facility dedicated to charged particle radiotherapy and other biomedical applications of relativistic heavy ions. Project status is reviewed and some technical aspects discussed. Clinical standards of reliability are regarded as essential features of this facility. Particular emphasis is therefore ...
The European Spallation Source (ESS) is a 5 MW, 2.5 GeV long pulse proton linac, to be built and commissioned in Lund, Sweden. The Accelerator Design Update (ADU) project phase is under way, to be completed at the end of 2012 by the delivery of a Technical Design Report. Improvements to the 2003 ESS ...
... Descriptors : *CYCLOTRON RESONANCE, *ION ACCELERATORS, DIODES ... Subject Categories : PARTICLE ACCELERATORS NUCLEAR ...
A technical bibliography covering subjects important to the design of high-intensity beam transport systems and linear accelerators is presented. Space charge and emittance growth are stressed. Subject and author concordances provide cross-reference to detailed citations, which include an abstract and notes on the material. The ...
A ferrite isolator that handles 1 megawatt of S-band is described. Results that show the great advantage of using an isolator when operating a magnetron with a narrow bandwidth load are given. It is pointed out that the use of isolators gives designers of electron accelerators freedom to use very high Q or variable impedance devices. (auth)
In one of two options being considered for a new source of tritium, the US Department of Energy (DOE) is planning an Accelerator Production of Tritium (APT) plant that would be built at its Savannah River Site in South Carolina. The project Conceptual Design Report was issued in April, 1997, and formal design of the plant ...
We have achieved reliable cw operation of the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test (FMIT) radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) accelerator and have accelerated 40 mA of H/sub 2//sup +/ beam to an energy of 2 MeV. The technical considerations for future cw accelerator designs, based on our experience ...
Proton Accelerator (PA) Project is at a stage of development, working towards a Technical Design Report under the roof of a larger-scale Turkish Accelerator Center (TAC) Project. The project is supported by the Turkish State Planning Organization. The PA facility will be constructed in a series of stages including ...
In February 2000, the International Committee for Future Accelerators initiated a study of a new model for international collaboration on a future large accelerator project, the Global Accelerator Network. The study is based on a model of a facility, which is remote from most of the collaborating institutions. It is ...
This report discusses the analysis and design of rf cavities and rf power sources in accelerators. (LSP).
A microparticle accelerator has been devised for micrometeoroid impact and cratering simulation; the
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Current trends in research in medium energy physics with electromagnetic probes are reviewed briefly and design objectives are proposed for a continuous beam 2 GeV electron accelerator. Various types of accelerator systems are discussed and exploratory designs developed for two concepts, the linac-stretcher ring ...
Current trends in research in medium energy physics with electromagnetic probes are reviewed briefly and design objectives are proposed for a national continuous beam 2 GeV electron accelerator. Various types of accelerator systems are discussed and exploratory designs developed for two concepts, the ...
The philosophy used in developing the new PIGMI technology was that the parameters chosen for physics research machines are not necessarily the right ones for a dedicated therapy or radioisotope machine. In particular, the beam current and energy can be optimized, and the design should emphasize minimum size, simplicity and reliability of operation, and economy in capital and ...
The Los Alamos concept for accelerator transmutation of nuclear waste (ATW) employs a high-power proton linear accelerator to generate intense fluxes of thermal neutrons (>10{sup 16} n/cm{sup 2}-s) through spallation on a lead-bismuth target. The nominal beam energy for an ATW accelerator is 1.6 GeV, with average current ...
During the past several years, an International Scoping Study (ISS) of a Neutrino Factory was carried out, with the aim of developing an internationally accepted baseline facility design. Progress toward that goal will be described. Many of the key technical aspects of a Neutrino Factory facility design are presently being investigated ...
Technical summaries are given for the following areas: (1) target and reactor design, (2) ion sources, (3) low-velocity acceleration, (4) atomic and molecular physics, (5) accelerator parameters, (6) beam manipulations, (7) induction linac, (8) final focusing and transmission to the target, (9) systems and cost ...
Recent developments in the technology of electrostatic accelerators, linear accelerators, and cyclotrons for the acceleration of heavy ions are reviewed. (GHT)
Recent developments in the technology of electrostatic accelerators, linear accelerators, and cyclotrons for the acceleration of heavy ions are reviewed. (ERA citation 04:047251)
Over the past 18 months on the GTA project at Los Alamos, we have been developing tools for building control systems for accelerators. The first tool developed has already demonstrated greatly reduced requirements for conventional computer programming in applying control systems to an accelerator. Even in the early stages, this work has received ...
... Accession Number : ADA205090. Title : Visual Processing of Object Velocity and Acceleration. Descriptive Note : Final technical rept. ...
... Accession Number : ADA014704. Title : Tentative Plans for Human Accelerator Runs. Descriptive Note : Technical note,. ...
... Accession Number : ADA052545. Title : Stochastic Acceleration of Solar Flare Protons. Descriptive Note : Technical rept.,. ...
... Accession Number : ADA014705. Title : Revised Plans for Human Accelerator Runs. Descriptive Note : Technical note,. ...
... Title : Low Power Impact Velocity and Acceleration Recording System with Piezoelectric Inputs. Descriptive Note : Technical rept.,. ...
Combining constraints from particle accelerators with the requirement that the ..... In the case of pseudoscalar Higgs boson exchange there are no loops of ...
... Title : FLOOR ACCELERATIONS AND PASSENGER INJURIES IN TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT ACCIDENTS. Descriptive Note : Final technical rept. ...
... Accession Number : ADA529816. Title : Effect of Acceleration Frequency on Spatial Orientation Mechanisms. Descriptive Note : Technical rept. ...
... Accession Number : ADA202185. Title : An Exploratory Study of Ram Accelerator Principles. Descriptive Note : Final technical rept. ...
Dopa accumulation was accelerated by tyrosine administration, ... A low dose of phenylalanine elevated brain tyrosine without accelerating dopa synthesis. ...
... Title : SOME DESIGN ASPECTS OF LINEAR ACCELERATORS USED FOR HIGH ENERGY X-RAY PRODUCTION. Corporate Author : ...
The SLAC Linear Collider (SLC) must reach a nominal center-of-mass energy of 100 GeV to fulfill its high energy physics goals. This paper describes the energy upgrade program that is being implemented on the SLAC linear accelerator to meet these goals. It includes a discussion of the design requirements and available technical options, ...
Design details are given for accelerator physics issues, technical components and final beam bunching. Discussed physics issues include: space charge tune shift, microwave instability of bunched beam, transverse resistive wall instability, head-tail instability, cavity beam loading, and lattice design. The use of ...
Technical progress during the past quarter has contributed to increased confidence that MUSIC will exceed its desired performance characteristics in all respects. Design studies on the magnet indicate that a field has been obtained capable of accelerating protons above the 112 MeV design objective. Initial rf study ...
The accelerators must take the muon beams from {approximately} 100 MeV to 2 TeV energies within the muon lifetime for a 4 TeV energy muon collider. These constraints plus the muon decay heating seriously challenge the designs of the superconducting RF (SRF) cavities and magnets in the accelerators and collider ring. The multiple ...
RF driven proton accelerators for the transmutation of nuclear waste (ATW) or for the production of tritium (APT) require unprecedented amounts of CW RF power at UHF frequencies. For both systems, the baseline design is for 246 MW at 700 MHz and 8,5 MW at 350 MHz. The main technical challenges are how to design and ...
The idea of grouping the non-zero elements of a sparse matrix into few strips that are almost parallel is applied to the design of a systolic accelerator for sparse matrix operations. This accelerator is, then, integrated into a complete systolic system for the solution of large sparse linear systems of equations. The ...
The Phase I program met or exceeded all the program goals. During the Phase I program, CCR personnel communicated directly with Dr. Al Moretti at Fermilab concerning the design and specifications. Results of the Phase I program were also presented at the MUON Accelerator Conference in Berkeley, California in February 2005. This review of the ...
In the context of general environmental concerns, the issue of waste from nuclear power plants is a question of actual interest. Here fundamental research in Nuclear Science may have great potential impact on society and on the longer-term future. In contrast to certain non-scientifically voiced opininos, it is clear, from basic facts of Nuclear Science, that e.g. fast neutrons can transmute ...
... On the design of beam absorbers for the SSC - Brett Parker ... Design of an accelerating cavity for the Superconducting Super Collider Low-Energy ...
Page 1. 1 Accelerated Approval (AA) for Oncology Drug Products: ... Page 17. 17 Trial Design � Initial AA � Trial design for initial accelerated approval (AA) ...
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)
Many systems used by the CERN accelerators and the technical infrastructure have to respect stringent requirements in terms of reliability, safety, availability and maintainability either for operation, security, or legal aspects such as the one required by French Regulatory Authority: the INB (Installations Nucl�aires de Base). The functional safety ...
To meet the requirements of new experiments in high energy physics and nuclear physics, a fast cycling Booster accelerator was proposed to fulfill the following three technical objectives: The AGS Booster has three objectives. They are to increase the space charge limit of the AGS, to incrase the intensity of the polarized proton beam by accumulating many ...
We have carried out further investigations of technical issues associated with using a compact torus (CT) accelerator as a driver for inertial confinement fusion (ICF). In a CT accelerator, a magnetically-confined torus-shaped plasma is compressed, accelerated and focused by two concentric electrodes. Here, we ...
... Technical Reports - Scientific and technical (S&T) reports ... of descent generated by a method of conjugate ... to perform special steps which accelerate ...
The Heavy Ion Fusion Accelerator Research (HIFAR) program of the USDOE has for several years concentrated on developing linear induction accelerators as Inertial Fusion (IF) drivers. This accelerator technology is suitable for the IF application because it is readily capable of accelerating short, intense pulses of ...
Three new developments took place in the heavy ion fusion accelerator research (HIFAR) program. The program's goal is to establish a data base in accelerator physics and technology which gives an accurate assessment of the potential of heavy ion fusion. It was decided to concentrate the experimental program on the development of multiple beam induction ...
Characterization of a very simple pulsed electron gun operating in the tens of keV range is presented. Electron emission is based on laser-produced plasma and electrostatic acceleration, generating a homogeneous beam of circular cross section. Electron bunches up to 0.5 nC in 20 ns pulses with 10 mA peak intensity were observed. A continuous energy spectrum was measured and ...
The high energy accelerators are proven to be a very useful tool not only for high energy physics, but also for the whole field of physics as well as other scientific fields. Possible accelerators both for electron or positron and proton accelerator schemes are discussed, and rudimentary theory behind the ...
The next generation of particle accelerators will be major projects which may require a new mode of international and inter-laboratory collaboration. They are likely to be too costly to be funded by a single nation and too large to be built by a single laboratory. The tremendous technical challenge of a new facility requires a critical mass of highly ...
The high current induction accelerator development at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is described. The ATA facility is designed for 10 kA peak currents, 50 nsec pulse lengths and 50 MeV energies. At this time, half of the design current has been accelerated through the entire machine to particle ...
A small cyclotron has been considered for the use of biomedical accelerator mass spectrometer (BAMS). Over a decade ago a few cyclotrons had been constructed and tested for AMS, but technical problems of instability and poor transmission efficiency caused to discontinue further developments. The major reason of the demise of cyclotron AMS was the dominance ...