In this work we present an optimized neutron beam shaping assembly for epithermal Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT) and discuss the simulations leading to its design.

In this work we present an optimized neutron beam shaping assembly for epithermal Accelerator-Based Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (AB-BNCT) and discuss the simulations leading to its design.

Boron neutron capture therapy is an experimental binary cancer radiotherapy modality in which a boronated pharmaceutical that preferentially accumulates in malignant tissue is first administered, followed by exposing the tissue in the treatment volume to ...

A pilot accelerator-based source of epithermal neutrons, which is intended for wide application in clinics for boron neutron capture therapy, has been constructed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk). A stationary proton beam has been obtained and near-threshold neutron ...

Innovative facility for neutron capture therapy has been built at BINP. This facility is based on compact vacuum insulation tandem accelerator designed to produce proton current up to 10mA. Epithermal neutrons are proposed to be generated by 1.915-2.5MeV protons bombarding a lithium target using (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be threshold reaction. In ...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is being studied as a possible radiotherapic treatment for some cancer types. Neutron energy for penetrating into tissue should be in the epithermal range. Different methods are used for neutron production. Electron accelerators are an alternative way for producing ...

Several investigators have suggested that a charged particle accelerator with light element reactions might be able to produce enough epithermal neutrons to be useful in Neutron Capture Therapy. The reaction choice so far has been the Li(p,n) reaction with protons up to 2.5 MeV. A moderator around the target would reduce the faster ...

Several investigators have suggested that a charged particle accelerator with light element reactions might be able to produce enough epithermal neutrons to be useful in Neutron Capture Therapy. The reaction choice so far has been the Li(p,n) reaction with protons up to 2.5 MeV. A moderator around the target would reduce the faster ...

Pilot innovative facility for neutron capture therapy was built at Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk. This facility is based on a compact vacuum insulation tandem accelerator designed to produce proton current up to 10 mA. Epithermal neutrons are proposed to be generated by 1.915 MeV protons bombarding a lithium target ...

A source for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) comprises a body of photoneutron emitter that includes heavy water and is closely surrounded in heat-imparting relationship by target material; one or more electron linear accelerators for supplying electron radiation having energy of substantially 2 to 10 MeV and for impinging such radiation on the target material, whereby ...

A source for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) comprises a body of photoneutron emitter that includes heavy water and is closely surrounded in heat-imparting relationship by target material; one or more electron linear accelerators for supplying electron radiation having energy of substantially 2 to 10 MeV and for impinging such radiation on the target material, whereby ...

Accelerator-based neutron sources are an attractive alternative to nuclear reactors for providing epithermal neutron beams for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy. Based on clinical requirements and neutronics modeling the use of proton and deuteron induced reactions in {sup 7}Li ...

A radioactivity well logging tool employs an epithermal neutron detector having a thermal neutron counter surrounded by a thermal neutron shield. Located between the counter and the shield is a neutron moderating material for slowing down epithermal ...

Since 1986, the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) has been involved in the development of epithermal neutron sources for BNCT. The INEL effort was instrumental in the implementation of an epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Recently, the ...

Current accelerator-based neutron source concepts for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) are centered on the lithium (p,n) reaction. The near lithium threshold source concept uses proton energies <~100 keV above the reaction threshold energy (1.88 MeV). For deeply seated brain tumors, epithermal (1 eV to 10 ...

Calculations of the epithermal-neutron yield of photoneutrons from a uranium-beryllium converter using a 27 MeV electron linear accelerator have been investigated. In this concept, relativistic electron beams from a 30 MeV LINAC impinge upon a small uranium sphere surrounded by a cylindrical tank of circulating heavy water (D2O) nested in a beryllium cube. The photo-fission ...

Previously, the authors have developed the in-phantom neutron field assessment parameters T and D (Tumor) for the evaluation of epithermal neutron fields for use in BNCT. These parameters are based on an energy-spectrum-dependent neutron normal-tissue RBE and the treatment planning methodology of Gahbauer and his ...

A radioactive borehole logging tool employs an epithermal neutron detector having a neutron counter surrounded by an inner thermal neutron filter and an outer thermal neutron filter. Located between the inner and outer thermal neutron filters is a ...

We present a conceptual design of a low-energy neutron generator for treatment of brain tumors by boron neutron capture theory (BNCT). The concept is based on a 2.5-MeV proton beam from a radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) linac, and the neutrons are produced by the /sup 7/Li(p,n)/sup 7/Be reaction. A liquid lithium target and modulator ...

A conceptual design of a beam-shaping assembly for boron neutron capture therapy using deuterium-tritium accelerator based neutrons source is developed. Calculations based on a simple geometry model for the radiation transport are initially performed to estimate the assembly materials and their linear dimensions. ...

May 28, 2002 ... Observations by NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft show views of the polar regions of Mars in thermal neutrons (top) and epithermal neutrons ...

This is the progress report and proposed research objectives for the project entitled An Accelerator Neutron Source for BNCT.'' The progress report is for the time period from July 15, 1990 to date. The proposal is for the upcoming budget period from July 15, 1991 to July 14, 1992. The objectives of this project are to design and test the target assembly ...

... that are epithermal neutrons and provide low-energy neutron energy particularly suited for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) treatment. ...

Different aspects of assaying Martian regolith using neutrons have been investigated. The epithermal

The DOE-funded accelerator BNCT program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology has resulted in the only operating accelerator-based epithermal neutron beam facility capable of generating significant dose rates in the world. With five separate beamlines and two different epithermal neutron ...

At Kyoto University Research Reactor Institute (KURRI), 275 clinical trials of boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) have been performed as of March 2006, and the effectiveness of BNCT has been revealed. In order to further develop BNCT, it is desirable to supply accelerator-based epithermal-neutron sources that can be installed near ...

Accelerator-based intense epithermal neutron sources for Neutron Capture Therapy (NCT) have been considered as an alternative to nuclear reactors. Lithium (Li) has generally received the widest attention for this application, since the threshold energy is low and neutron yield is high. Because ...

Recent interest in the production of epithermal neutrons for use in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) has prompted an investigation into the feasibility of generating such neutrons with a tandem cascade accelerator. Accelerator-produced neutrons in the...

May 30, 2002 ... This global view of Mars in intermediate-energy, or epithermal, neutrons was ... one of the instruments in the gamma ray spectrometer suite. ...

... and 98Mo epithermal neutron spectra were studied at various points of the RFR core and in the vertical channel 2 of the RFR thermal column in the ...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a promising binary treatment modality for high-grade primary brain tumors (glioblastoma multiforme, GM) and other cancers. BNCT employs a boron-10 containing compound that preferentially accumulates in the cancer cells in the brain. Upon neutron capture by {sup 10}B energetic alpha particles and triton released at ...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a promising binary treatment modality for high-grade primary brain tumors (glioblastoma multiforme, GM) and other cancers. BNCT employs a boron-10 containing compound that preferentially accumulates in the cancer cells in the brain. Upon neutron capture by {sup 10}B energetic alpha particles and triton released at ...

Global Map of Thermal Neutrons. PIA03801: Global Map of Thermal Neutrons ... PIA03802: Polar Maps of Thermal and Epithermal Neutrons ...

In one embodiment there is provided an application of the {sup 10}B(n,{alpha}){sup 7}Li nuclear reaction or other neutron capture reactions for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This application, called Boron Neutron Capture Synovectomy (BNCS), requires substantially altered demands on neutron beam design than for instance ...

In one embodiment there is provided an application of the .sup.10 B(n,.alpha.).sup.7 Li nuclear reaction or other neutron capture reactions for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. This application, called Boron Neutron Capture Synovectomy (BNCS), requires substantially altered demands on neutron beam design than for instance ...

To realize the accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) at the Cyclotron and Radioisotope Center of Tohoku University, the feasibility of a cyclotron-based BNCT was evaluated. This study focuses on optimizing the epithermal neutron field with an energy spectrum and intensity suitable for BNCT for various combinations of ...

An ideal neutron beam for BNCT is a beam of epithermal neutrons, forward directed, and free of gamma rays and thermal and fast neutrons. Three neutron beams were evaluated, and compared: (1) the operating Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR) epither...

Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is a bimodal form of radiation therapy for cancer. The first component of this treatment is the preferential localization of the stable isotope {sup 10}B in tumor cells by targeting with boronated compounds. The tumor and surrounding tissue is then irradiated with a neutron beam resulting in thermal ...

This patent describes a pulsed neutron porosity logging method. It comprises: repetitively irradiating a subsurface formation with bursts of fast neutrons, measuring the die-away rate of epithermal neutrons during a die-away spectrum for the epithermal neutrons within the ...

Pulsed neutron sources in conjunction with time-of-flight spectrometry offer both a broader bandwidth of neutron energy and more neutrons with epithermal energy than are possible with reactor neutron sources.

Clinical trials of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy for patients with malignant brain tumors had been carried out for half a decade, using an epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven's Medical Reactor. The decision to permanently close this reactor in 2000 ...

A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for ...

The results on instrumental neutron activation analysis of copper-molybdenum concentrates and wolframites by means of epithermal neutrons from IBR-30 reactor are presented. This method permitted to determine concentration of Ta and Sc on the level of 10 e...

We used Monte Carlo techniques to investigate the neutronic properties of a device designed to interrogate large waste containers with both thermal and epithermal neutrons. The interrogating spectrum is obtained by gradually slowing down neutrons from a p...

A methodology has been recently developed for evaluation of doses absorbed by samples irradiated in research reactors, in which the partial doses due to thermal neutrons, epithermal neutrons, fast neutrons and gamma radiation are individually quantified. ...

In this paper a facility designed to produce a beam of epithermal neutrons for neutron capture therapy is discussed whereby a moderator of Al{sub 2}O{sub 3} plus aluminum is placed near the core of the 10-MW Missouri University Research Reactor. This moderator shifts the fast neutrons into the ...

In Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) of malignant brain tumors, the energy dependence of a clinically relevant Relative Biological Effectiveness (RBE) for epithermal neutrons, RBE(En), is important in neutron field design. In the first half of this paper, we present the development of an expression for the ...

Horizontal channel with epithermal neutron beam at the LVR-15 research reactor is used mainly for boron neutron capture therapy. Neutron fluence depth profiles in a water phantom characterise beam properties. The neutron fluence (approximated by reaction rates) depth profiles were measured with ...

A brief review of the uses of neutrons in external-beam radiotherapy is presented, with an emphasis on development and testing of epithermal neutron sources for neutron capture therapy applicati

The CWDD (Continuous Wave Deuterium Demonstrator) accelerator was designed to accelerate 80 mA cw of D{sup {minus}} to 7.5 MeV. Most of the hardware for the first 2 MeV was installed at Argonne and major subsystems had been commissioned when program funding from the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization ended in October 1993. Renamed the Argonne Continuous Wave Linac (ACWL), we are proposing to ...

synchrotrons, compact proton linacs for PET isotope production, epithermal neutron sources for the BNCT (PET and SPECT), the production of epithermal neutron beams for BNCT, and accelerated proton beams for the PET application, and neutron production for the BNCT application. These systems, ...

The Power Burst Facility (PBF) reactor is considered for modification to provide an intense, clean source of intermediate-energy (epithermal) neutrons desirable for clinical studies of neutron capture therapy (NCT) for malignant tumors. The modifications ...

Instrumental epithermal neutron activation analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and instrumental thermal neutron activation analysis were compared to determine which technique produced best Sr data in the most expeditious fashion. Irradiation with epithermal neutrons was found to be ...

The non-surgical brain cancer treatment modality, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), requires the use of an epithermal neutron beam. This purpose of this thesis was to design an epithermal neutron beam at the University of Virginia Research Reactor (UV...

This report describes a study to enhance the epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor by increasing the epithermal neutron flux and/or reducing contamination by fast neutrons. The beam was reevaluated using Monte Carlo calculations and flux and dose measurements in air ...

Pilot innovative accelerator based neutron source for neutron capture therapy of cancer is under construction now at the Budker Institute. One of the main elements of the facility is lithium target producing neutrons via threshold 7Li(p, n)7Be reaction at 10 mA proton beam with energies of ...

At BNL, we have evaluated the beam current required to produce a clinical neutron beam for Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) with an epithermal neutron flux of 10{sup 12} n/cm{sup 2}/hr. Experiments were carried out on a Van de Graaff accelerator at the Radiological Research Accelerator Facility (RARAF) at ...

The {sup 7}Li(p,n){sup 7}Be reaction has been investigated as an accelerator-driven neutron source for proton energies between 2.1 and 2.6 MeV. Epithermal neutron beams shaped by three moderator materials, Al/AlF{sub 3}, {sup 7}LiF, and D{sub 2}O, have been analyzed and their usefulness for boron neutron capture ...

A column to provide an epithermal neutron beam suitable for experimental and clinical BNCT is nearing completion at the TAPIRO reactor (ENEA Casaccia, Rome). TAPIRO is a compact, low power (5 kW), helium-cooled, fast reactor. It has a hard neutron spectrum relative even to other fast reactors. In this paper some of the basic physics ...

Studies were performed to assess theoretical tumor control probability (TCP) for brain-tumor treatment with boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) using epithermal neutron sources from reactors. The existing epithermal-neutron beams at the Brookhaven Medica...

Various calculations indicate that an optimized epithermal neutron beam can be produced by moderating fission neutrons either with a combination of Al and D2O, or with Al2O3. We have designed, installed and tested an Al2O3 moderated epithermal neutron bea...

... when they commence clinical trials using epithermal neutrons. MATERIALS AND METHODS The epithermal neutron beams at the facilities of the R2�0 (Studsvik) (9), FiR-1 (Espoo) (10), LVR-15 (ReZ) (11) and HFR...

Global Map of Thermal Neutrons. PIA03801: Global Map of Thermal Neutrons ... PIA03802: Polar Maps of Thermal and Epithermal Neutrons ...

A theoretical study of nuclear reactions and electric charge displacements arising in sensitivity to thermal and epithermal neutrons in collectrons allowed a computer code conception. Collectrons in Rhodium, Silver, Cobalt, Hafnium, Erbium, Gadolinium and...

Thermal and epithermal neutron activation analysis followed by high resolution gamma-ray spectrometry, is applied to determine trace elements in the silicate rocks. Epithermal neutron irradiations reduce interfering activities such as (sup 38)Cl,(sup 66)C...

A calculational study was undertaken to investigate the feasibility of developing an epithermal beam in the 10H horizontal facility of the HIFAR research reactor suitable for boron neutron-capture therapy of deep-seated metastatic melanoma. The filters co...

Uranium formations are assayed by prompt fission neutron logging techniques. The uranium in the formation is proportional to the ratio of epithermal counts to thermal or epithermal dieaway. Various calibration factors enhance the accuracy of the measureme...

Polar Maps of Thermal and Epithermal Neutrons. PIA03802: Polar Maps of Thermal and Epithermal Neutrons Full Resolution: TIFF (633.3 kB) JPEG (586 kB) ...

This report describes the conceptual design for an epithermal neutron beam facility at the Georgia Tech research reactor (GTRR). Brief comparisons are made to the Brookhaven Medical research reactor with regard to fast neutron and gamma contamination and accessibility of the facility.

Selenium concentrations in vegetation measured by two methods of activation analysis are compared. Detection limits of 1 ppM and 20 ppB have been achieved from epithermal and thermal neutron activation, respectively.

... lines enlarge figure FIG. 2. Physical dose-rate components of the MITR-II M67 epithermal neutron beam at a reactor power of 4.5 MW as a function ... ...

Recent changes are updated for the proposed modification to use a fission plate converter and a matching filter/moderator assembly in a newly designed beam shutter to enhance the epithermal neutron beam for patient irradiations during boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor, Brookhaven National ...

This global view of Mars in intermediate-energy, or epithermal, neutrons was created ... Thorium is a naturally radioactive element that exists in rocks and ...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, a promising modality for the treatment of malignant tumors, relies on the use of neutron beams of suitable energy and intensity. For deep-seated tumors, simulations indicate that the optimal neutron energy is in the epithermal region, and in particular between 1 and 10 keV. ...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, a promising modality for the treatment of malignant tumors, relies on the use of neutron beams of suitable energy and intensity. For deep-seated tumors, simulations indicate that the optimal neutron energy is in the epithermal region, and in particular between 1 and 10 keV. ...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy, a promising modality for the treatment of malignant tumors, relies on the use of neutron beams of suitable energy and intensity. For deep-seated tumors, simulations indicate that the optimal neutron energy is in the epithermal region, and in particular between 1 and 10 keV. ...

The thermal and the epithermal parts of the neutron spectrum in the Westcott flux notation are calcuiated from the activities of foils irradiated bare and Cd covered. Detectors of Au, Mn, Co, W, and In were irradiated in the center of the water-boiler, DR 1. In addition, a semidifferential method is presented from which the shape of the ...

Experience of the Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) Department in employing epithermal activation in life sciences and materials science is summarized. The potential of a combination of epithermal activation and the suppression of Compton scattering and contributions from cascade-photon-emitting elements for raising NAA-based ...

The characteristics of the epithermal neutron beam at BMRR were measured, calculated, and reported. This beam has already been used for animal irradiations. We anticipate that it will be used for clinical trials. Thermal and epithermal neutron flux densities distributions, and dose rate distributions, as a function ...

A successful boron neutron capture treatment (BNCT) of a patient with multiple liver metastases has been first given in Italy, by placing the removed organ into the thermal neutron column of the Triga research reactor of the University of Pavia. In Finland, FiR 1 Triga reactor with an epithermal neutron beam well ...

The development of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) has been progressing in both ^{10 }B compound development and testing and neutron beam delivery. Animal tests are now in progress with several ^{10}B compounds and once the results of these animal tests are promising, patient trials can be initiated. The objective of this study is to create a ...

An epithermal neutron beam has been designed and tested at the Georgia Insitute of Technology's 5-MW Research Reactor. The prototype facility consists of aluminum and sulfur disks in a tangential beam port for fast neutron filtration. A cadmium sheet at the port exit removes the thermal neutrons from the ...

Near-threshold boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) uses proton energies only tens of rev above the (pan) reaction threshold in lithium in order to reduce the moderation requirements of the neutron source. The goals of this research were to prove the feasibility of this near-threshold concept for BNCT applications, using both calculation and experiment, ...

Microscopic flux measurements in Aquilon were made to investigate the thermal and epithermal flux distribution in natural U rods; from these data the neutron spectrum variations in U, Wescott beta '' term of the average spectrum in the rod, and the ratio of epithermal to thermal fissions were obtained. A ...

Use of high count-rate neutron detectors with a small pixel size on time of flight beam lines gives one the capability to measure the temperature field with a precision

... Lucite Cube Used for Irradiating Mice with the Reactor Operating at a Power ... Model for the Beam Components, with Separate β/α Ratios for Neutrons and ... ...

The thermal, epithermal, and fast neutron fluxes were measured in the central beam hole of LIDO by foil activation techniques and cadmium ratio determinations. (C.J.G.)

Boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT) for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) using the epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys.

The lunar neutron flux reflects the atomic nuclei within the top metre or so of the regolith. In particular, a high spatial resolution map of the epithermal ...

Observations by NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft show views of the polar regions of Mars in thermal neutrons (top) and epithermal neutrons (bottom). ...

Epithermal neutron spectra were measured by the sandwich foil technique. The epithermal neutrons were produced by placing a 4 x 4 ft slab of Plexiglas in front of a neutron generator which produced fast neutrons (about 14 MeV) by the D-T reaction. Indium,...

A new experimental method for real-time measurement of hydrogen using an epithermal energy neutron scattering technique was developed. The new approach utilizes a monochromator to produce a beam of neutrons at a selected neutron energy in the epithermal range. Moderation of these ...

Moderating material has been installed in the original thermal-neutron filter region of the Washington State University (WSU) TRIGA� type reactor to produce an epithermal-neutron beam. Attention has been focused upon the development of a convenient, local, epithermal-neutron beam facility at WSU for collaborative Idaho National ...

Abstract Purpose: The relative biological effectiveness of two epithermal neutron sources, a reactor based source at Studsvik, Sweden, and a proton accelerator based source in Birmingham, United Kingdom, was studied in relation to the proportional absorbed dose distribution as a function of ...

The Idaho National Engineering Laboratory (INEL) has been investigating the feasibility of a concept for an accelerator-based source of epithermal neutrons for BNCT that is based on the use of a two-stage photoneutron production process driven by an elect...

. Scott. The design and testing high power lithium target for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy. Research and Development in Neutron Capture Therapy, Eds.: W. Sauerwein, R. Moss, and A. Wittig . - , , . , . [1] B. Bayanov, et al. Accelerator based neutron source for the ...

A method of including epithermal neutron scattering by bound protons in combined slowing down-thermal calculations by the Monte Carlo method is suggested by the theoretical work of Corngold. A comparison of experiments and calculations using this method reveals that it is sufficient to account for epithermal binding effects in H/sub ...

Oak Ridge National Laboratory Physics Division The Oak Ridge Electron Linear Accelerator Pulsed Neutron Source The ORELA is a powerful electron accelerator-based neutron source...

Recent advances in the development of boron pharmaceuticals have reopened the possibility of using epithermal neutrons to treat brain tumors containing boron-10. This paper summarizes the approaches being used to generate the neutron sources and identifie...

Recent advances in the development of boron pharmaceuticals have reopened the possibility of using epithermal neutrons to treat brain tumors containing boron-10. This paper summarizes the approaches being used to generate the neutron sources and identifies specific areas where more research and development are needed.

The report contains a review of available information on neutron porosity tools with the emphasis on dual thermal-neutron-detector porosity tools and epithermal-neutron-detector porosity tools. The general principle of such tools is discussed and theoreti...

In the framework of future Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) experiments, where cells and animals irradiations are planned at the research reactor of Strasbourg University, the feasibility to obtain a suitable epithermal neutron beam is investigated. T...

Previously, the authors have developed the in-phantom neutron field assessment parameters T and D (Tumor) for the evaluation of epithermal neutron fields for use in BNCT. These parameters are based on an energy-spectrum- dependent neutron normal-tissue RB...

for neutron capture therapy is under construction now at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, NovosibirskAccelerator based neutron source for neutron capture therapy B. Bayanov, Yu. Belchenko, V. Belov, V Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia The Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Novosibirsk) and ...

The optimization study on the Bonner sphere in the epi-thermal neutron irradiation field for BNCT was done for the moderator material, moderator size, and activation foils as a neutron detector in the sphere. The saturated activity for the activation foil was obtained from the calculated response, and the effective energy range for ...

An epithermal neutron beam facility for preclinical neutron capture therapy research has been constructed at the Washington State University TRIGA research reactor installation. Subsequent to a recent upgrade, this new facility offers a high-purity epithermal beam with intensity on the order of 1.2x10(9)n/cm(2)s. ...

In this paper, a phantom study was performed to evaluate the effect of an epithermal neutron beam irradiation on the cardiac pacemaker function. Severe malfunction occurred in the pacemakers after substantially lower dose from epithermal neutron irradiation than reported in the fast neutron or ...

We describe a preamp-amplifier-discriminator module that was developed for the CTEN (combined thermal-epithermal neutron) waste assay system. The CTEN system uses a pulsed-neutron interrogation technique to quantify the amount of low-level transuranic waste contained in a waste drum. Epithermal ...

A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the 7Li(p,n)7Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for the beam shaping assembly made from polytetrafluoroethylene and magnesium ...

An ideal neutron beam for BNCT is a beam of epithermal neutrons, forward directed, and free of gamma rays and thermal and fast neutrons. Three neutron beams were evaluated, and compared: (1) the operating Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR) epithermal beam, (2) the ...

An ideal neutron beam for BNCT is a beam of epithermal neutrons, forward directed, and free of gamma rays and thermal and fast neutrons. Three neutron beams were evaluated, and compared: (1) the operating Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR) epithermal beam, (2) the ...

In preparation for future clinical BNCT trials, neutron production via the {sup 7}Li(p,n) reaction as well as subsequent moderation to produce epithermal neutrons have been studied. Proper design of a moderator and filter assembly is crucial in producing an optimal epithermal neutron spectrum ...

In preparation for future clinical BNCT trials, neutron production via the 7Li(p,n) reaction as well as subsequent moderation to produce epithermal neutrons have been studied. Proper design of a moderator and filter assembly is crucial in producing an optimal epithermal neutron spectrum for ...

Activation foils, stacked in a package, together with a spectrum adjustment code are generally the means to characterize the neutron spectrum of a BNCT epithermal neutron beam. When using foil stacks, the phenomenon of neutron scattering is appreciably enhanced, especially in an epithermal ...

A dynamically-polarized proton target operating at 5 Tesla and 1 K has been built to polarize an epithermal neutron beam for studies of parity violation in compound-nuclear resonances. Nearly 0.9 proton polarization was obtained in an electron-beam irradiated ammonia target. This was used to produce a neutron beam polarization of 0.7 ...

There is a generalized perception that the availability of suitable particle accelerators installed in hospitals, as neutron sources, may be crucial for the advancement of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Progress on an ongoing project to develop a Tandem-ElectroStatic-Quadrupole (TESQ) accelerator for Accelerator-Based (AB)-BNCT is described here. ...

There is a generalized perception that the availability of suitable particle accelerators installed in hospitals, as neutron sources, may be crucial for the advancement of Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT). Progress on an ongoing project to develop a Tandem-ElectroStatic-Quadrupole (TESQ) accelerator for Accelerator-Based (AB)-BNCT is described here. ...

Mars Odysseys Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) instrument has detected large amounts of Hydrogen on Mars, particularly near the south pole. This is an indication that water ice exists in the upper meter of these areas of the Martian surface. The epithermal neutron data ranges from 0 to about 12 counts per second. The blue areas indicate high concentrations of ...

Mars Odysseys Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) instrument has detected large amounts of Hydrogen on Mars, particularly near the south pole. This is an indication that water ice exists in the upper meter of these areas of the Martian surface. The epithermal neutron data ranges from 0 to about 12 counts per second. The blue areas indicate high concentrations of ...

Mars Odysseys Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) instrument has detected large amounts of Hydrogen on Mars, particularly near the south pole. This is an indication that water ice exists in the upper meter of these areas of the Martian surface. The epithermal neutron data ranges from 0 to about 12 counts per second. The blue areas indicate high concentrations of ...

Mars Odysseys Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) instrument has detected large amounts of Hydrogen on Mars, particularly near the south pole. This is an indication that water ice exists in the upper meter of these areas of the Martian surface. The epithermal neutron data ranges from 0 to about 12 counts per second. The blue areas indicate high concentrations of ...

Mars Odysseys Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) instrument has detected large amounts of Hydrogen on Mars, particularly near the south pole. This is an indication that water ice exists in the upper meter of these areas of the Martian surface. The epithermal neutron data ranges from 0 to about 12 counts per second. The blue areas indicate high concentrations of ...

Mars Odysseys Gamma-ray spectrometer (GRS) instrument has detected large amounts of Hydrogen on Mars, particularly near the south pole. This is an indication that water ice exists in the upper meter of these areas of the Martian surface. The epithermal neutron data ranges from 0 to about 12 counts per second. The blue areas indicate high concentrations of ...

Systematic investigations have proved the advantages of the Epithermal Neutron Analyzer (ETNA) for bulk hydrogen analysis as compared to the thermal neutron techniques. Results can contribute, for example, to the design and construction of instruments needed for the detection and identification of plastic anti-personnel landmines, ...

Optimization in activation analysis by means of selective activation with epithermal neutrons is discussed. This method was applied to the determination of molybdenum in a steel alloy without recourse to radiochemical separations. The sensitivity for this determination is estimated to be 10 ppm. With the common form of activation by means of ...

The non ideality of the epithermal neutron flux distribution at a reactor site parameter (made, using Chloramine-T method). Radiochemical purity and stability of the labelled product were determined by radiochromatography. The labelled Melagenine-II showe...

This report describes progress made in refining of neutron-induced alpha tract autoradiography, in designing epithermal neutron bean at MITR-II and in planning treatment dosimetry using Monte Carlo techniques.

S>A comparison of the damage produced by epithermal and fission neutrons demonstrates the influence of neutron energy spectrum on the rate of production of irradiation damage. Heavy elements are shown to be more sensitive to a change in spectrum than light elements. (auth)

To apply Neutron activation analysis to routine analysis of environmental samples utilizing the research reactor (TRIGA MK-III), improving effects of analytical sensitivity have been investigated using both of thermal and epithermal neutron irradiating te...

Recent advances in the ability to deliver boron-containing drugs to brain tumors have generated interest in (approximately)4 MeV linacs as sources of epithermal neutrons for radiation therapy. In addition, fast neutron therapy facilities have been studyin...

A new two-dimensional position-sensitive neutron detector is described. It is based on (n, gamma ) neutron resonance capture in a foil with subsequent detection of internal conversion electrons with a high-density proportional chamber. Large-area detector...

In preparation for future clinical BNCT trials, neutron production via the 7Li(p,n) reaction as well as subsequent moderation to produce epithermal neutrons have been studied. Proper design of a moderator and filter assembly is crucial in producing an opt...

Jul 21, 2011 ... The gamma-ray/neutron spectrometer (GR/NS) is designed to map major element (O, ... between incoming thermal and epithermal/fast neutrons. ...

A complete methodology for a multielemental analysis in geological material using the neutron activation technique was developed. 21 trace elements (9 of which are rare earths) were determined using thermal and epithermal neutron irradiations. Instrumenta...

Different aspects of assaying Martian regolith using neutrons have been investigated. The epithermal portion of moderated neutrons spectra is dramatically effected by the presence of hydrogen (usually in the form of water). A simple analytic formula has b...

This report describes progress made in refining of neutron-induced alpha tract autoradiography, in designing epithermal neutron bean at MITR-II and in planning treatment dosimetry using Monte Carlo techniques.

Feldman, W.C. et al., Fluxes of fast and epithermal neutrons from Lunar Prospector: .... representatives Susan Slavney (email: Susan. ...

Rock Types in Gale Crater. NASA Mars Odyssey observations are used in this global view of Mars in intermediate-energy. Global Map of Epithermal Neutrons ...

May 28, 2002 ... Topographic features are superimposed on the map for geographic reference. ... and the Los Alamos National Laboratories, New Mexico, ...

17 images found for "Gamma Ray Spectrometer Suite" .... This global view of Mars in intermediate-energy, or epithermal, neutrons was created ...

... The second method is based on scattering measurements, using epithermal neutrons in combination with time-of-flight techniques and exploiting ...

Formatting of LEND data products. Delivery of LEND data products ... already confirm the epithermal-neutron flux depression in the polar ...

Epithermal neutrons have been measured using a neutron dosimeter via a coherent demodulation technique. This dosimeter consists of CsI(Tl)-photodiode scintillation detectors, four of which are coupled to neutron-gamma converting foils of various sizes. Neutron-gamma converting foils of In, Au ...

A cyclotron-based epithermal neutron source has been developed for boron neutron capture therapy. This system consists of a cyclotron accelerator producing 1.1-mA proton beams with an energy of 30MeV, a beam transport system coupled with a beryllium neutron production target, and a beam-shaping assembly (BSA) with ...

The beam shaping assembly design has been investigated in order to improve the epithermal neutron beam for accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy in intensity and quality, and dosimetric evaluation for the beams has been performed using both mathematical and voxel head phantoms with MCNP runs. The neutron ...

An epithermal neutron filter using iron, aluminum, and sulfur was evaluated to determine if the therapeutic performance could be improved with respect to aluminum--sulfur-based filters. An empirically optimized filter was developed that delivered a 93% pure beam of 24-keV epithermal neutrons. It was expected that a ...

The characterization of the epithermal beam is performed by different dosimetry techniques that give information on neutron flux as well as neutron and photon doses. One of the possible methods is based on the measurement of thermal neutrons in a moderation environment, which enables the evaluation of ...

The two group neutron diffusion equations are developed with one equation referring strictly to thermal neutron events only, and the other to epithermal events. Particular attention is paid to averaging the diffusion neutraneters correctly over the appropriate region of the neutron velocity spectrum ...

Monte Carlo numerical calculations of the response of alanine and ammonium tartrate ESR (electron spin resonance) dosimeters exposed to neutron fields with different energy spectra are reported. Results have been obtained for various gadolinium concentrations inside the dosimeters. Furthermore, in order to simulate the in-phantom response we have carried out calculations by ...

The technologies that are being utilized to design and build the target systems for a state-of-the-art accelerator-based neutron source, the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS), are discussed. Emphasis is given to the technology issues that present the greate...

Methods for dosimetry of epithermal neutron beams used in boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) have been developed and utilised within the Finnish BNCT project as well as within a European project for a code of practise for the dosimetry of BNCT. One outcome has been a travelling toolkit for BNCT dosimetry. It consists of activation ...

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy is a very promising form of cancer therapy, consisting in irradiating a stable isotope of boron (10B) concentrated in tumor cells with a low energy neutron beam. This technique makes it possible to destroy tumor cells, leaving healthy tissues practically unaffected. In order to carry out the therapy in the proper way, the ...

A facility for polarized epithermal neutrons of high intensity is set up at the Los Alamos National Laboratory for parity-violation and time reversal experiments at neutron resonances over a wide range of neutron energies. The beam is polarized with the aid of a polarized proton target used as a ...

The amount of activation by thermal and epithermal neutrons of silver in a photographic emulsion was calculated in terms of thermal neutron flux and cadinium ratio as determined by gold foils 1.27-cm diameter by 0.0297-cm thick. The dose-rate distributions around point sources of Ag/sup 108/ and Ag/sup 110/ were calculated and ...

The effect of shaliness on sand quality is of great importance in the evaluation of Gulf Coast and offshore reservoirs. Shaliness needs to be determined so that proper hydrocarbon producibility potentials can be assessed for economic and completion decisions. The use of thermal and epithermal neutron measurements, in conjunction with standard methods, ...

Pyrochlore samples were analyzed to determine uranium and thorium by epithermal neutron activation analysis using destructive and non-destructive methods. The samples were irradiated during 8 hours and the activites of the radioisotopes exp 239 Np and exp...

The fast, epithermal, and thermal neutron flux distributions through the core of LlDO have bcen measured using absolutely calibrated thin foils. By comparing thc reaction rates of sodium manganese, indium, and gold, absolute values have been inferred for the epithermal and thermal fluxes, and some revised cross sections are ...

Using the resonance detectors 115In, Au, 152Sm, 186W, La, Mn, and 98Mo epithermal neutron spectra were studied at various points of the RFR core and in the vertical channel 2 of the RFR thermal column in the energy range 1 to 500 ev with respect to their ...

Fundamental symmetry studies using intense polarized beams of epithermal neutrons are underway at the LANSCE facility of the Los Alamos National Laboratory. Three classes of symmetry experiments can be explored: parity violation, and time reversal invariance violation for both parity-violating and parity-conserved observables. The experimental apparatus is ...

A simple method for the measuremert of epithermal neutron fluxes in reactors is described. After a sandwich made from three foils of equal thickness ls activated in the neu tron flux the dlfference activity between the outer and the inner foil is determined. This difference activity is directly proportional to the neutron ...

Currently available epithermal neutron beams at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) are not sufficiently intense to meet the anticipated demand for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) treatments if initial, currently in progress clinical trials of BNCT prove successful. Indeed, they are not really adequate for extensive ...

Self-shielding of interrogating thermal neutrons in lumps of fissile material can be a major source of error in transuranic waste assay using the widely employed differential dieaway technique. We are developing a new instrument, the combined thermal/epithermal neutron (CTEN) interrogation instrument to detect the occurrence of self- ...

The dual ionisation chamber technique is the recommended method for mixed field dosimetry of epithermal neutron beams. This paper presents initial data from an ongoing inter-comparison study involving two identical pairs of ionisation chambers used at the BNCT facilities of Petten, NL and of the University of Birmingham, UK. The goal of this study is to ...

We used Monte Carlo techniques to investigate the neutronic properties of a device designed to interrogate large waste containers with both thermal and epithermal neutrons. The interrogating spectrum is obtained by gradually slowing down neutrons from a pulsed source. Shortly after the pulse, the ...

The first epithermal neutron beam at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR) was installed in 1988 and produced a neutron beam that was satisfactory for the development of NCT with epithermal neutrons. This beam was used routinely until 1992 when the beam was upgraded by rearranging fuel ...

Mar 1, 2002... spacecraft show where a low intensity of epithermal neutrons is found. ... Global Map of Thermal Neut... Added May 28, 2002. Rate this: ...

The results of several experiments and calculations are compared. The apparent discrepancies observed are evidence that the representations of neutron kinematics in the thermal and epi-thermal regions of the neutron energy spectrum are not correct in the computer codes used.

Natural radioactivity. Fast neutrons. Moderation. Thermal and epithermal neutrons (H, C, Gd, Sm). Th. Gamma rays (H, O, Mg, Al, Si, Cl, Ca, Ti, Fe, K, Th , ...

Epithermal/thermal boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT) is promising treatment method for malignant tumors. Because the doses and dose rates for medical therapeutic radiation are very close to the normal tissue tolerance, small errors in radiation deliver...

We apply a pixon code to the Mars Odyssey Neutron Spectrometer (MONS) at polar locations with the aim of deconvolving the MONS point spread function and producing higher resolution hydrogen maps.

By means of thermal and epithermal neutron captures the nucleus /sup 178/Hf was studied. With high-resolution spectrometers the gamma transitions and conversion electrons were measured. By the found energies, intensities, and multipolarities the level sch...

The authors analyze the epithermal and thermal portions of the energy spectrum of neutrons in the lattices of water-cooled, water-moderated power reactors based on experimentally determined spectral indices of eight isotopes. The obtained values of the th...

Measurements of thermal and epithermal flux distributions were made in and around the first low enriched uranium (LEU) full power core of Pakistan Research Reactor-1(PARR-1). Neutron Flux measurements were made with the help of activation foils and the se...

... remodeling of the Kyoto University Research Reactor (KUR) heavy-water thermal neutron irradiation facility was completed in 1996, ... almost completely covered with cells. Radiation Sources The Heavy W...

The specific aims of the research proposal were as follows: (1) To design and construct small volume tissue equivalent proportional counters for the dosimetry and microdosimetry of high intensity thermal and epithermal neutron beams used in BNCT, and of m...

Uranium formations are assayed by prompt fission neutron logging techniques. The uranium in the formation is proportional to the ratio of epithermal counts to thermal or eqithermal dieaway. Various calibration factors enhance the accuracy of the measurement.

Uranium formations are assayed by prompt fission neutron logging techniques. The uranium in the formation is proportional to the ratio of epithermal counts to thermal or eqithermal dieaway. Various calibration factors enhance the accuracy of the measurement.

The neutron spectrum was measured using a combination of foil detectors. The absolute thermal flux was measured with gold foils using a beta-gamma coincidence counting technique; the epithermal spectrum was measured by taking cadmium ratios with three dif...

Uranium in partially thorium containing minerals has been determined by measuring U-239 activity without any chemical treatment of the samples after irradiation of the latters with epithermal neutrons at the FR-2 reactor as well as at the cyclotron for on...

Resonance Integrals are used to calculate neutron reaction rates in the epithermal neutron energy region. Values for the standard capture reactions in gold, cobalt and manganese have been reviewed and recommended resonance integrals are presented. Recommended values for various reactions are presented relative to the capture standards.

This report describes accomplishments by this laboratory concerning development of high-resolution alpha-autoradiography design of an optimized epithermal neutron beam dosimetry and treatment planning Using Monte Carlo techniques development of a prompt-g...

An epithermal neutron logging sonde has been calibrated in a facility containing nine samples. Each sample represents a different combination of bulk density and water content. The facility simulates very large (approximately 2-m-diameter) dry holes and 3...

This is the progress report for the project entitled, ''An Accelerator Neutron Source for BNCT.'' The progress report is for the period from July 1, 1993 to date. The overall objective of our research project is to develop an Accelerator Epithermal Neutro...

A proportional counter using pressurized He/sup 3/ is designed for detecting thermal and epithermal neutrons. In the counter, a high electrostatic field is established across the pressurized He/sup 3/ and current pulses due to He/sup 3/(n,p) reactions are measured; for detecting epithermal neutrons only, a ...

Recent advances in the ability to deliver boron-containing drugs to brain tumors have generated interest in {approximately}4 MeV linacs as sources of epithermal neutrons for radiation therapy. In addition, fast neutron therapy facilities have been studying methods to moderate their beams to take advantage of the high cross section for ...

A modeling investigation was performed to choose moderator material and size for creating optimal epithermal neutron beams for BNCT based on a proton accelerator and the (7)Li(p,n)(7)Be reaction as a neutrons source. An optimal configuration is suggested for the beam shaping assembly made from polytetrafluoroethylene and magnesium ...

The utilization of an epithermal neutron beam for neutron capture therapy (NCT) is desirable because of the increased tissue penetration relative to a thermal neutron beam. Over the past few years, modifications have been and continue to be made at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR) by changing its ...

Nuclear design studies have been performed for two reactor-based epithermal neutron beams for cancer treatment by neutron capture therapy (NCT). An intermediate-intensity epithermal beam has been designed and implemented at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor (BMRR). Measurements show that the BMRR design ...

We describe an apparatus for studies of parity violation in neutron-nucleus scattering. This experiment requires longitudinally polarized neutrons from the Los Alamos Neutron Scattering Center over the energy-range from 1 to 1000 eV, the ability to reverse the neutron spin without otherwise affecting the apparatus, ...

The energy distribution of epithermal and fast neutrons is characterized by the ratio of activities for the irradiation positions in the uranium zone and the graphite reflector. The neutron flux per energy interval was determined for certain assumptions. For the energy interval, where measurements are not possible either with ...

Achieving agreement between measured and calculated neutron activation data resulting from Hiroshima and Nagasaki A-bomb detonations has been a major problem since the early 1980's. This has been particularly true for the materials that are activated by thermal and epithermal neutrons. Since thermal and ...

The optimal neutron energy for the treatment of deep-seated tumours using boron neutron capture therapy is studied by analysing various figures of merit. In particular, analysis of the therapeutic gain as a function of the neutron energy indicates that, with the currently available 10B carriers, the most useful ...

The non-surgical brain cancer treatment modality, Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT), requires the use of an epithermal neutron beam. This purpose of this thesis was to design an epithermal neutron beam at the University of Virginia Research Reactor (UVAR) suitable for BNCT applications. A ...

A precise evaluation of the dosimetric performance of epithermal neutron beams designed for boron neutron capture theory of brain tumours requires the use of a phantom material that closely matches brain tissue. The aim of this study was to investigate how well polyacrylamide gel (or PAG) and A-150 plastic performed as substitutes for ...

The reactivity control capacity of the N-reactor control systems has been calculated by methods which take into account the absorption of epithermal as well as thermo neutrons. Earlier calculations were made using a method which is satisfactory in control calculations for the existing Hanford reactors but which largely neglects the ...

UNH was assigned the responsibility to use their accelerator neutron measurements to verify the TASC response function and to modify the TASC fitting program to include a high energy neutron contribution. Direct accelerator-based measurements by UNH of th...

We are here today to testify on the Department of Energy's (DOE) management of the Spallation Neutron Source Project (project). This billion- dollar complex, to be built in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, is designed to be the world's most powerful accelerator-base...

All accelerator-based fast-neutron contraband interrogation systems have many closely interrelated subsystems, whose performance parameters will be critically interdependent. For optimal overall performance, a systems analysis design approach is required....

Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) is a promising binary treatment modality for high-grade primary brain tumors (glioblastoma multiforme, GM) and other cancers. BNCT employs a boron-10 containing compound that preferentially accumulates in the cancer ce...

Spallation is induced in a heavy material by 72 MeV protons. The hereby produced neutrons with essentially an evaporation spectrum with a peak energy of less than 2 MeV are moderated in two steps, first in iron, and then in carbon. Results from neutron fl...