The purpose of this survey is to improve the coal utilization technology and to contribute to the environmental protection. Through long-term dispatch of experts for the coal utilization technology, coal utilization facilities are surveyed at the sites, a...

... to concentrate in the bottom ash (Torrey, 1978b), and most studies have emphasized ... be taken as an indication of an acceptable environmental area ...

To reduce SOx with coal utilization, the desulfurization seminar diffusing the demonstration project of simplified desulfurizer introduction was held at the site in Thailand. The purpose is to reduce the environmental pollutants and contribute to the effe...

A method of preparing coals for coking in a conventional coke oven includes agglomerating the loose coal, in combination with a binder, into flakes, mixing the flakes with non-agglomerated coal, and charging the mixture into the coke oven in the conventional manner is described. The method provides for the ...

Analysis of the energy resources available in the United States confirms that coal will be needed to satisfy the future energy needs. The trends in the market place, particularly economic and political, suggest that the bulk of the coal will be consumed for generation of electricity. The utilization of coal to ...

The goals of the project were to investigate the ongoing research and development programs on coal conversion to clean fuels and coal utilization in environmentally acceptable ways for electric power generation, and recommend to EPRI those processes whose...

Coal gasification is recognized as a way to produce a clean burning boiler fuel from coal within acceptable environmental limits. The study was to assist the Navy in determining how coal might best be utilized, by comparing gasification with central direc...

To reduce SOx with coal utilization, a desulfurizer is introduced in Thailand as diffusion activities in the demonstration program. The purpose is to reduce the environmental pollutants. For this desulfurizer, lime mud mainly composed of lime stone is use...

Coal petrography involves the microscopic identification and classification of the basic ingredients in coal. Although the science has received wide acceptance in the field of coke making over the past decade, more recently it has been recognized as a useful analytical tool for solving problems in other coal ...

Over 600 million tons of coal are handled annually for use by the country's coal-fired power plants. Coal is transported in various ways: overland conveyors, railcars, trucks, and barges. It can travel short distances or thousands of miles, picking up moisture, freezing, or drying. When the coal is ...

Progress on modification of the CPU-400 (coal combustion unit) pilot plant is discussed. The plant, constructed to convert heat energy of solid waste to electrical energy through use of a gas turbine/generator, is being modified to accept coal as the energy source. Installation of coal processing and feed systems ...

The integrated gasification combined-cycle (IGCC) coal conversion process has been demonstrated to be a clean, efficient, and environmentally acceptable method of generating power; however, it generates solid waste materials in relatively large quantities...

These volumes discuss the nature and mode of trace-element occurrence, analysis, concentrations, and environmental implications. These trace elements can also contain radionuclides. The need for environmentally acceptable coal utilization techniques is strongly emphasized.

The goal of this program is to develop a prototype mechanical cleaning and oil agglomeration process which can economically recover coal fines and make them into salable products in an environmentally acceptable manner. It also provides the basis for land...

During 1977 and 1978 we visited with, discussed coal research with, and reviewed the technical literature of coal research institutes in eight countries, Australia, Federal Republic of Germany, France, Netherlands, New Zealand, Polish People's Republic, United Kingdom, and the United States. We were able to visit utility ...

The storage, transport and handling of beneficiated coals in the form of a modified wet cake ( mulled coal'') to yield a coal water fuel having acceptable properties for atomization and combustion on industrial, commercial and/or residential scales, have been investigated. The Mulled ...

Objectives of this demonstration project are to verify the clean coal technology to be diffused in China and the Philippine, and consolidate the diffusion basis, to suppress the generation of environmental pollutants with coal utilization in these countri...

There is a primary need to increase the utilization of Illinois coal resources by developing new methods of converting the coal into electricity by highly efficient and environmentally acceptable systems. New coal gasification processes are now being deve...

This study was performed as a part of the Argonne National Laboratory Regional Studies program, which is sponsored by the Department of Energy. The purpose is to assess the impacts and consequences associated with alternative energy options on a regional basis, and to identify and analyze alternative mitigation and solution strategies for increasing the acceptability of these ...

This paper reports that more than 544 Mt (600 million st) of coal are handled annually for use by this country's coal-fired power plants. Coal is transported in various ways: overland conveyors, railcars, trucks and barges. It can travel short distances or thousands of miles, picking up moisture, freezing or drying. When the ...

The effects of the National Energy Act on the use of coal in US industrial and utility power plants are considered. Innovative methods of using coal in an environmentally acceptable way are discussed: furnace types, fluidized-bed combustion, coal-oil-mixtures, coal firing ...

This patent describes a process of utilizing unmined coal by supplying oxidizing gas thereto, gasifying the coal, and utilizing the gas produced.

This article explains how the recent development of modified coal-feeder concepts may resolve the serious problems of efficiently feeding coal to, and removing the solid refuse from, the reactor. The development of a new generation of coal-feed systems is critical to the success of modern gasification, liquefaction, and fluidized-bed ...

UTILIZATION OF SOLID WASTE FUELS THROUGH FLUIDIZED BED COMBUSTION HENRY S. KWON Dorr-Oliver, Inc of anthracite culm (anthracite coal cleaning plant waste) which has low sulfur, low volatile matter, but very boilers using 70% ash coal that had been able to reduce tube ero sion to acceptable levels by welding

Pulverized coal in the size range down to 74 micrometers is the primary energy source in the United States for generating electricity. Roughly 0.5 billion tons of such coal is burned annually. This size-consist is adequate for good combustion conditions with acceptable costs of pulverization; no significant advantages are foreseen for ...

From 1970 to 1978, between 43% and 47% of the coal shipped to electric utilities was washed. This percentage remained virtually constant over the 8-year period, even though the total tonnage of coal consumed by the electric utilities varied significantly. Apparently, the utility ...

The acceptance that coal will increasingly be the primary energy source of the future, particularly in the USA, emphasizes the necessity for developing high temperature fuel cells with molten carbonates or solid electrolytes. Some potential advantages of ...

The paper provides perspective regarding the environmental acceptability of atmospheric-pressure fluidized-bed boilers, with particular emphasis on the application of this technology as a technique for utilizing coal in the industrial sector. It reviews emission sources within th...

Material requirements for different systems and general criteria for material selection are reviewed. Fluidized-bed combustion can provide an economical and environmentally acceptable alternative to flue gas desulfurization for burning high sulfur coal in utility and industrial steam generators.

The storage, transport and handling of beneficiated coals in the form of a modified wet cake (``mulled coal``) to yield a coal water fuel having acceptable properties for atomization and combustion on industrial, commercial and/or residential scales, have been investigated. The Mulled Coal ...

Exciting new beneficiation techniques are being developed in response to the need to further desulfurize and demineralize coals. Some show promise for immediate application, whereas others are still in early stages of research and development. However, significant progress has been made in the last few years in the development of these new techniques, and it is reasonable to ...

... was 'Coal Gasification Feasibility Study.' Coal gasification is recognized as a way to produce a clean burning boiler fuel from coal within acceptable ...

Details of China's coal mining industry and pattern of coal utilization are given. Analytical data for 12 coals are provided.

The objective of this study is to solubilize coal macerals and an Argonne Premium Coal Sample using oxidation and to characterize these soluble products. A major problem in coal characterization and in coal utilization is the intractability of the coal ma...

To promote the results of model project of clean coal technology (CCT) previously conducted, experts of bio-briquette (BB) production facility were dispatched, to support the promotion of diffusion of CCT and environmental measures through guidance and ad...

A full account is given of trials carried out by du Pont under EPRI sponsorship of coal-water slurry in an industrial-size boiler. Initial tests of the slurry transportation and handling are reported. The results of the boiler demonstration are presented and show that the commercially-produced CWS fuel can be burned in an existing boiler. The problems that remain before CWS ...

This report examines the issues involved in the disposal of coal wastes in New York state with the intent to enable the state and its utilities to develop reasonable coal conversion and coal/oil conversion plans. The basic objectives of the study are (1) assess the current status of coal waste ...

The report contains an evaluation of seven coal supply modeling methodologies. These models are the: National Coal Model; ICF Coal and Electric Utilities Model; Los Alamos Coal and Utility Modeling System; Argonne Coal Market Model; DRI-Zimmerman ...

A study of the high-temperature soaking started in this quarter, following the installation of reactors in the previous quarter. Two high-volatile bituminous coals and three coal liquids, which were identified in the previous report, were used. A cross-linked, three-dimensional macromolecular model has been widely accepted f or the ...

Successful use of coal derived fly-ash in the formulation of concrete currently depends on long term testing of the suitability of sample ash-concrete formulations prior to ash acceptance. Existing tests have proven unreliable and have not provided correlation between formulated concrete strength and fly-ash/combustor/coal properties ...

The least expensive way to produce gas from coal is by low Btu gasification, a process by which coal is converted to carbon monoxide and hydrogen by reacting it with air and steam. Low Btu gas, which is used near its point of production, eliminates the high costs of oxygen and methanation required to produce gas that can be transmitted over long distance. ...

Clean Coal Technology implies the use of coal in an environmentally acceptable manner. Coal combustion results in the emission of two types of acid rain precursors: oxides of sulfur (SO{sub x}) and oxides of nitrogen (NO{sub x}). This Clean Coal Technology project will demonstrate a combination ...

This project is aimed at development of a process that, by using ultra fine magnetite suspension, would expand the application of heavy media separation technology to processing fine, {minus}28 mesh coals. These coal fines, produced during coal mining and crushing, are separated in the conventonal coal preparation ...

This project is aimed at development of a process that, by using ultra fine magnetite suspension, would expand the application of heavy media separation technology to processing fine, {minus}28 mesh coals. These coal fines, produced during coal mining and crushing, are separated in the conventional coal preparation ...

This project is aimed at development of a process that, by using ultra fine magnetite suspension, would expand the application of heavy media separation technology to processing fine, {minus}28 mesh coals. These coal fines, produced during coal mining and crushing, are separated in the conventional coal preparation ...

This pamphlet describes some of the advanced technology being developed for coal combustion. It outlines an ongoing cooperative effort between government, industry, and academia to develop a new generation of coal combustion and related technologies - technologies expected to help coal reach its full potential in America's ...

Contents include: electric-utility coal demand under alternative scenarios (review of 1986 developments; electric-utility coal demand in the short-run; electric-utility coal demand over the longer-term); non-utility coal demand ...

The future of the gas turbine in electric utility generating systems may depend on its ability to burn coal. Research programs to develop that ability that are being conducted by gas turbine manufacturers, the Electric Power Research Institute, and the Energy Research and Development Administration were the main points of discussion at the recent ASME gas ...

A study of the high-temperature soaking started in this quarter, following the installation of reactors in the previous quarter. Two high-volatile bituminous coals and three coal liquids, which were identified in the previous report, were used. A cross-linked, three-dimensional macromolecular model has been widely accepted f or the ...

Previous work in the laboratories has demonstrated that addition to lignin to coal during liquefaction significantly increases the depolymerization of coal and enhances the quality of the liquid products. It is believed that thermolysis of the lignin results in the formation of phenoxyl and other reactive radicals at temperatures too low for significant ...

Ash is a waste product left after the burning of many combustible substances, and fly ash is the accepted term for the finely divided residue that results from the combustion of ground coal. It is easily disseminated by flue gases, unless checked and collected by suitable devices. Energy and environmental considerations over the coming years point to ...

Coal in Kentucky has been, and continues to be, a valuable energy source, especially for the electric utility industry. However, Federal mandates in Titles III and IV of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990, and more recently proposed ``greenhouse gas'' emission reductions, have placed increasingly stringent demands on the type and grade ...

This concluding interview with Mr. Popp conducted May 9 and updated June 14, 1977 revealed that Germany is putting a large effort into coal gasification and liquefaction. Its plans are to utilize nuclear reactors to gasify lignite or pit coal because production of German coal cannot now be increased easily. By ...

During this period antitrust activity by the government in the coal industry was of a token nature and did not prevent (1) large investments in coal and uranium by large oil companies, nor (2) concentration with industry by large companies buying out small companies. A major result was the buying up of coal reserves, which were thus ...

This book presents the chemistry and geology of coal. It describes aspects of the petrology and petrographic characterization of coal, the processes involved in coal conversion and utilization, and the testing and analysis of coal. It includes recent statistics regarding production and ...

The US approach to energy policy is characterized as naive and political: coal and nuclear are the only fuels economically and technologically available to utilities, but coal production is not expanding and nuclear power is in limbo. Mr. O'Connor feels that alternative energy sources need to be encouraged, but notes that they ...