IntroductionAccessory muscles and anatomic variations are well described at the Guyon's canal. Though this case report is similar to variants published in previous reports, it differs from the rest due to rapidity of worsening of symptoms in few months following use of cane.Case presentationWe report a case of 69 year old man with ulnar nerve compression at Guyon's canal by ...

... PATELLA The kneecap ... the hand, the distal wrist crease at the palmaris longus tendon, or the ... TEar-Cheel: Jinction 10 iJaw ngle (Gonion) to Point i 5 ...

BackgroundThe frontalis sling procedure is a useful approach for correcting severe blepharoptosis. However, blepharoptosis often recurs after corrective surgery using the tensor fascia lata. Good results without recurrence after a modified Fox method were obtained using the palmaris longus tendon. This study examined the safety and validity of the surgical ...

We performed a single-stage operation to reconstruct a large defect of the lips and commissure using a composite radial forearm-palmaris longus free flap. To obtain cranial traction and a voluntary smile, independently from any jaw movement, traction was achieved by using a lengthening temporalis myoplasty. The tendon attached to the coronoid process was ...

The normal arterial supply to the human hand is via the ulnar and radial arteries which unite mid-palm to form a complete arch called the superficial palmar arch (SPA). From the SPA blood vessels pass anteriorly to supply the thumb and digits, and deeply to complete the deep palmar arch. Previous reports have documented anomalies of the SPA formation, and this may change the normal blood ...

Intraoperative iatrogenic nerve injuries occur despite vigilance in the operating room. Most of these injuries occur as a result of patient positioning, traction or pressure injury, hematoma, or technical error. The median nerve is especially susceptible to injury during carpal tunnel release. A rare but devastating injury of the median nerve is complete transection. The number of devastating ...

and extrinsic hand extensors included abductor pollicis longus (AbPL) and extensors carpi radialis brevis (ECRB (ED45), and carpi ulnaris (ECU). Wrist and extrinsic hand flexors included palmaris longus (PLPB), adductor pollicis (AdP), opponens pollicis (OP), and flexors pollicis brevis superficialis (FPBS

The increasing popularity of rock climbing and its associated injury of closed traumatic pulley A2 rupture has sparked investigator interest in pulley biomechanics. Biomechanically, the A2 and A4 pulleys are important for preventing bowstringing of the flexor tendon upon digital flexion. The literature is replete with reparative techniques for A2 pulley rupture. These techniques include direct ...

and flexor carpi radialis (ECU, FCU, ECR, and FCR), and the palmaris longus (Pal). � The common digit muscles profundus (FDP). � The intrinsic hand muscles: the flexor pollicis brevis (FPB) and the first dorsal controlling the level of contrac- tion of four flexor muscles. Two monkeys used the system to control

A spontaneous rupture of the extensor pollicis longus (EPL) tendon is associated with rheumatoid arthritis, fractures of the wrist, systemic or local steroids and repetitive, and excessive abnormal motion of the wrist joint. The authors encountered a case of a spontaneous rupture of the EPL tendon. The patient had no predisposing factors including trauma or steroid injection. ...

Several instances of accessory musculature of the upper extremity are now recognized. During regular dissection class of undergraduate medical students, we observed an important anatomic variation pertaining to the flexor pollicis longus muscle (FPL) in the left upper limb of an adult male cadaver. An accessory muscle belly extending ...

This study on the surface electromyography (sEMG) characteristics of human upper limb during the Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) was aimed to deliberate over the precise evaluation index for the muscle function of human upper limb, and for the significance of muscle function prediction, diagnosis and rehabilitation evaluation, thus providing the design parameters for prosthetic devices. 20 ...

Kiloh-Nevin syndrome caused by compressive neuropathy of the anterior interosseous nerve in the forearm is believed to occur because of its compression by the accessory head of flexor pollicis longus (FPLah). Gantzer described two accessory muscles, the more frequent is the FPLah and the less frequently observed is the flexor digitorum ...

The palmaris longus muscle (PLM) is described as a weak flexor of the wrist and a tensor of the palmar aponeurosis, but not a thumb abductor. The PLM is believed to aid thumb abduction through its insertion onto the thenar eminence. Two groups, both right hand dominant, were selected from 1,200 sampled participants. The first group comprised of 38 subjects ...

BackgroundPalmaris longus (PL) has received a growing interest for its role in constructive surgery. Since the agenesis of PL shows a strong racial variation, it is conceivable that its prevalence on the Yoruba ethnic population in Nigeria will further confirm this phenomenon.MethodsA total of 600 subjects comprising 335 males and 265 females aged ...

Background:The knowledge of Palmaris longus (PL) is a growing interest for its wide role in reconstructive plastic surgeries as a donor tendon for transfer or transplant. The prevalence of the PL agenesis has been well-documented by many authors in different ethnic groups or populations. Many conventional tests for determining the presence of the PL has ...

Twenty-four human legs were dissected macroscopically to study the morphological details of the accessory deep peroneal nerve. This nerve arose from the superficial peroneal nerve and descended in the lateral compartment of the leg, deep to peroneus longus along the posterior border of peroneus brevis. Approaching the ankle joint, this nerve passed through ...

Twenty-four human legs were dissected macroscopically to study the morphological details of the accessory deep peroneal nerve. This nerve arose from the superficial peroneal nerve and descended in the lateral compartment of the leg, deep to peroneus longus along the posterior border of peroneus brevis. Approaching the ankle joint, this nerve passed through ...

Arthritis of the thumb carpometacarpal joint is a fairly common disorder of unclear etiology, affecting mostly women in the postmenopausal age. The results of the operative treatment of 21 patients, 20 women and 1 men in a mean age of 59 years with the disorder classified in 3rd and 4th grade in Eaton-Littler scale are presented. Operation consisted in resection of the trapezium followed by thumb ...

Summary. During cadaver dissections of 34 adult human hands (fixed in formaldehyd solution), we examined a fibrous complex at the distal end of the flexor retinaculum. This fibrous complex was first mentioned by Legueu and Juvara (1892). It is located always ulno-dorsally to the attachment of the palmaris longus tendon into the palmar aponeurosis. ...

The rare injury of closed rupture of the A2 and A3 flexor pulleys was treated using two non-encircling techniques of pulley reconstruction. Thirteen patients were treated with an extensor retinaculum graft (Group A). At a mean follow-up time of 48 months, the average PIP flexion was 97%, the power grip strength 96%, the pinch grip strength 100% and the thickening 94% of the uninjured side. Ten ...

Despite the development of effective antiemetic drugs, nausea and vomiting remain the main side effects associated with cancer chemotherapy. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of acupressure on emesis control in postoperative gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Forty postoperative gastric cancer patients receiving the first cycle of chemotherapy with cisplatin and ...

Basal joint arthritis of the thumb is usually seen in females beginning from the fourth and fifth decades. In the last two decades, arthroscopic techniques have brought new chances of diagnosis and treatment for this condition. In this paper, the authors describe the indications and their experience concerning arthroscopic hemitrapezectomy and tendon interposition using the ...

Using Hiranuma's classification, we carefully examined anatomical variations in the first compartments of 246 human wrist joints from 124 cadavers. Morphological examinations were conducted to determine the number of accessory tendons and the existence of dissepiments for the extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) and abductor pollicis longus (APL) tendons. ...

Variations on muscular and tendinous connections of the hand occur frequently in the human population and are often discovered during routine surgical procedures and cadaveric dissections. A knowledge of such anomalies is important to the physician in order to avoid unintentional damage to healthy tendons during surgical procedures. In addition, accessory tendons have the ...

and northern groups or the light and dark morphs. Interestingly, within the limitations of the pub- lished VARIABILITY OF PALMARIS GUSTAVI (STAUDINGER, 1898) IN NORTHERN CHILE, WITH NOTES ON PALMARIS PENAI (HAYWARD (Staudinger, 1898) should be present in northern Chile, no reliable reports of its observation and capture

Interposition grafting material is used frequently to treat osteoarthritis of the base of the thumb or tendinous and ligamentous injuries of the hand. The observation of duplicated tendons in the first dorsal compartment of the hand prompted us to explore the possibility of using the accessory abductor pollicis longus (AAPL) tendon as grafting material. ...

Tendon injuries in the digital flexor sheath area (zone II) are the most difficult to treat and remain a focus of both clinical attention and basic investigations. Although some new techniques have been developed, the clinical results are still not satisfying, especially in old injuries. This retrospective study was designed to investigate the results of delayed zone II flexor tendon repair using ...

Atypical or superficial courses of arteries of the arm may cause accidents in therapeutic and surgical procedures. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed in a female patient and her brother. In addition, 109 cadaver arms were evaluated for superficial arm arteries and relevant vessels were measured with a calliper. In the patient and her brother the distal radial artery was absent in the ...

We retrospectively reviewed the long-term clinical outcomes of one-stage flexor tendon grafting for seven paediatric patients with isolated flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) tendon injuries in Zones 1 or 2. Free tendon grafts (one palmaris longus tendons and six plantaris tendons) were used for reconstruction by Pulvertaft's procedure. The ages of the ...

The function of the radial sesamoid bone (RS) in the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) was examined by macroscopic study of RS-related bones and muscles. The RS was observed to be connected to the scapholunar and the 1st metacarpal bones. A joint cavity was present between the proximal surface of the RS and the distal area of the scapholunar bone but the RS possessed a fibrous joint connecting ...

Objectives: Upper extremity reconstruction presents a functional and aesthetic challenge in plastic surgery. Exposure of vital structures often requires vascularized soft tissue coverage to achieve primary wound healing and optimize functional results. Specifically, the serratus fascial flap may satisfy the functional and cosmetic requirements for small- to medium-sized soft tissue defects of the ...

The fraction of crosstalk was examined from the surface EMG signals collected from digit- and wrist-dedicated flexors with a blind signal separation (BSS) algorithm. Six participants performed static power grip tasks in a neutral posture at four different exertion levels of 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% MVC. The signals were collected from the flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, ...

Fifteen unembalmed cadavers were dissected in order to study the "anatomical continuity" between the various muscles involved in the movement of flexion of the upper limb. This study demonstrated the existence of specific myofascial expansions, with a nearly constant pattern, which originate from the flexor muscles and extend to the overlying fascia. The clavicular part of the pectoralis major ...

The diagnosis of compartment syndrome is essentially a clinical one. In recent years, much interest and research has focused on the development of intracompartmental pressure monitoring devices to help in the diagnosis of this condition. Proper placement of the catheter is essential for accurate monitoring, because an incorrect result is potentially more dangerous than no reading at all. In the ...

Lateral ankle injuries often result in residual disability. Increasing the endurance of the peroneous longus may reduce this problem. Bicycle ergometry may increase the endurance of the peroneous longus, but the activity of the peroneous longus during ped...

Entrapment neuropathy in the forearm is not uncommon. Surgical interference for nerve decompression should be preceded by accurate diagnosis of the exact cause and site of the nerve entrapment. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of accessory heads of the flexor pollicis longus and flexor digitorum profundus muscles (FPLah) and ...

During routine dissection classes to undergraduate medical students, we have observed some important anatomic variations in the right upper limb of a 45-year-old cadaver. The anomalies were superficial ulnar artery, persistent median artery, variant superficial palmar arch, third head for biceps brachii, accessory head for flexor pollicis longus, variant ...

Psoriasis; Palmoplantaris Pustulosis; Pustular Psoriasis of Palms and Soles; Pustulosis Palmaris et Plantaris; Pustulosis of Palms and Soles