The vacuolar (H+)-ATPase (V-ATPase) is an important proton pump, and multiple critical cell-biological processes depend on the proton gradient provided by the pump. Yet, the mechanism underlying the control of the V-ATPase is still elusive but has been hypothesized to involve an accessory subunit of the pump. Here we studied as a ...
PubMed Central
Mitochondrial NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (complex I) is a very large membrane protein complex with a central function in energy metabolism. Complex I from the aerobic yeast Yarrowia lipolytica comprises 14 central subunits that harbour the bioenergetic core functions and at least 28 accessory subunits. Despite progress in structure ...
PubMed
The prokaryotic and eukaryotic homologues of complex I (proton-pumping NADH:quinone oxidoreductase) perform the same function in energy transduction, but the eukaryotic enzymes are twice as big as their prokaryotic cousins, and comprise three times as many subunits. Fourteen core subunits are conserved in all complexes I, and are sufficient for catalysis - ...
Voltage-gated Na+ channel (VGSC) ? Subunits are not "auxiliary." These multi-functional molecules not only modulate Na+ current (I(Na)), but also function as cell adhesion molecules (CAMs)-playing roles in aggregation, migration, invasion, neurite outgrowth, and axonal fasciculation. ? subunits are integral members of VGSC signaling complexes at nodes of ...
The herpes simplex virus DNA polymerase consists of two subunits-a catalytic subunit and an accessory subunit, UL42, that increases processivity. Mutations affecting the extreme C terminus of the catalytic subunit specifically disrupt subunit interactions and ablate virus ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The mitochondrial replication machinery in human cells includes the DNA polymerase gamma holoenzyme and the TWINKLE helicase. Together, these two factors form a processive replication machinery, a replisome, which can use duplex DNA as template to synthesize long stretches of single-stranded DNA. We here address the importance of the smaller, accessory B ...
... We have recently shown that human pol 6 consists of at least four subunits (Mo et. al., 2000, Liu et al., 2000, Liu et al., submitted). ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Paf1C is a transcriptional cofactor that has been implicated in various transcription-associated mechanisms spanning initiation, elongation and RNA processing, and is important for multiple aspects of development in Arabidopsis. Our recent studies suggest Arabidopsis Paf1C is crucial for proper regulation of genes within H3K27me3-enriched chromatin, and that a protein named PHP may act as an ...
Ca(v)2.1 (P/Q-type) channels possess a voltage-sensitive pore-forming alpha(1) subunit that can associate with the accessory subunits alpha(2)delta, beta and gamma. The primary role of Ca(v)2.1 channels is to mediate transmitter release from nerve terminals both in the central and peripheral nervous system. Whole-cell voltage-clamp ...
Figure 1: Multi-subunit structure of CaV1��2 channels. Legend: CaV1��2 channels are comprised of a main pore-forming 1 subunit together with accessory proteins that include beta and alpha2delta subunits and calmodulin. Some channel complexes also include a gamma subunit. From Xu X, ...
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Chromatin remodeling complexes control the availability of DNA binding sites to transcriptional regulators. Two distinct conserved forms of the SWI/SNF class of complexes are characterized by the presence of specific accessory subunits. In Drosophila, the core Brahma complex associates either with Osa to form the BAP complex or with Bap170 and Bap180 to ...
Modern ?-proteobacteria are thought to be closely related to the ancient symbiont of eukaryotes, an ancestor of mitochondria. Respiratory complex I from ?-proteobacteria and mitochondria is well conserved at the level of the 14 "core" subunits, consistent with that notion. Mitochondrial complex I contains the core subunits, present in all species, and up ...
?6?2?3* acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) on dopaminergic neurons are important targets for drugs to treat nicotine addiction and Parkinson's disease. However, it has not been possible to efficiently express functional ?6?2?3* AChRs in oocytes or transfected cells. ?6/?3 subunit chimeras permit expression of functional AChRs and reveal that parts of the ?6 M1 transmembrane ...
