From feedback experience from recent radiation accident cases, in addition to biological dosimetry and physical dosimetry based on Monte Carlo calculations or experimental means, there is a need for complementary methods of dosimetry for radiation accident. Electron ...
PubMed
Survey / coordinate with potential dosimetry experiment collaborators. " Develop shielding / dosimetry space experiment ...
NASA Website
An experiment was organised at Harwell to test nuclear accident dosimetry (NAD) systems from some 17 laboratories in 13 countries. Dosimeters were irradiated by the Viper reactor at Aldermaston which gave a well moderated neutron spectrum with a broad pea...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Several definitions of a radiation emergency are given, and several improvements that should be made in emergency procedures are outlined. The AEC experience in radiation accidents and its methods for coping with them are described. Personnel dosimetry, exposures of rescue teams, and radiation surveying of large areas are ...
Energy Citations Database
A comprehensive review of accident neutron dosimetry using blood and hair analysis was performed and is summarized in this report. Experiments and calculations were conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and the University of Tennessee (UT) to ...
General aspects of applying the method of retrospective dose estimation by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of human tooth enamel (EPR dosimetry) to the population residing in the vicinity of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site are analyzed and summarized. The analysis is based on the results obtained during 20 years of investigations conducted in the Medical ...
This edited transcript of a presentation on personnel neutron discusses the accuracy of present dosimetry practices, requirements, calibration, dosemeter types, quality factors, operational problems, and dosimetry for a criticality accident. 32 figs. (ACR)
... Accession Number : ADA412535. Title : DRDC Ottawa Participation in the SILENE Accident Dosimetry Intercomparison Exercise. June 10-21, 2002. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
The evaluation of the dose that a person received in a criticality accident can be difficult. Most accidents have occurred when the person was not wearing nuclear accident dosimetry and since the NRC no longer requires these dosimeters, future dose evalua...
... OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION ...835.1304 Nuclear accident dosimetry...individuals to radiation from a nuclear accident is possible...involved in a nuclear accident to determine...significant exposures to radiation occurred;...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011
The biological dosimetry in radiation protection allows to evaluate the received dose by a potentially irradiated person from biological markers such chromosomal abnormalities. The technologies of Hybridization In Situ by Fluorescence (F.I.S.H) allow the ...
Although the primary reason for the existence of the Los Alamos Critical Experiments Facility is to provide basic data on the physics of systems of fissile material, the physical arrangements and ability to provide sources of radiation have led to applications for all types of radiation dosimetry. In the broad definition of radiation phenomena, the ...
In criticality accident dosimetry and more generally for high dose measurements, special techniques are used to measure separately the gamma ray and neutron components of the dose. To improve these techniques and to check their dosimetry systems (physical and/or biological), a total of 60 laboratories from 29 countries (America, ...
Electronic components inside mobile phones are regarded as useful tools for accident and retrospective dosimetry using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence. Components inside the devices with suitable properties for luminescence dosimetry include, amongst others, ceramic substrates in resistors, capacitors, ...
... C-0) THE RELIABILITY OF AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT ~2) ~EXPERIENCE IN A MIITARY SAMPLE ... THE RELIABILITY OF AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT ...
Optically stimulated luminescence signals from natural quartz and feldspar are now used routinely in dating geological and archaeological materials. More recently they have also been employed in accident dosimetry, i.e. the retrospective assessment of doses received as a result of a nuclear accident. Since 1990 the exploration of this ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Biological dosimetry, based on the analysis of dicentric chromosomes, is an internationally established, independent method applied in the area of radiation protection. The biodosimetry is mainly performed, in addition to physical dosimetry, with the aim of individual dose assessment, especially after unclear or suspected radiation dose exposures. However, ...
Slide 1 >Radiation Detection and Dosimetry Workshop, Houston, 6-7 April , 2006 > T.Berger. DLR and ESA Human Space Dosimetry . Current experiments and the ...
An international Intercomparison of Nuclear Accident Dosimetry Systems was held at Harwell in April 1975 under the auspices of the IAEA. The source of radiation was the pulsed reactor VIPER at AWRE Aldermaston. This paper presents the results of the measu...
The fifteenth in the continuing series of Nuclear Accident Dosimetry Intercomparison Studies was held August 14--22, 1978 at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Health Physics Research Reactor, operated in the pulse mode, served as the radiation source...
An international intercomparison of nuclear accident dosimetry systems was conducted during September 12-16, 1983, at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) using the Health Physics Research Reactor operated in the pulse mode to simulate criticality acciden...
... Scoring (physically counting) of chromosome aberrations (damaged genetic material) in peripheral blood lymphocytes is presently accepted as the ...
... Components of the Dosimetry Intercomparison and Miniaturization Experiment; Online Dosimetry Based on Optically Stimulated Luminescence Materials ...
Sep 19, 2005 ... Both the dosimetry issue and the spot shielding issue are critical to use of COTS microelectronics in space system design. ...
... detection, Measurement of fast neutron tissue dose ... Measurement of depth dose, Film dosimetry. ... NEUTRONS, FAST NEUTRONS, GAMMA RAYS ...
Aug 25, 2011 ... The purpose of this experiment was to demonstrate the feasibility and accuracy of an advanced radiation dosimetry system used to measure and ...
In July 1995, LANL hosted an accident dosimetry intercomparison. When all reactors on the Oak Ridge Reservation were idled in 1988, the Health Physics Research Reactor (HPRR), which had been used for 22 previous intercomparisons dating from 1965, was shut...
A system has been developed to assess radiation dose distribution inside the body of exposed persons in a radiological accident by utilising radiation transport calculation codes-MCNP and MCNPX. The system consists mainly of two parts, pre-processor and post-processor of the radiation transport calculation. Programs for the pre-processor are used to set up a ...
A comprehensive review of accident neutron dosimetry using blood and hair analysis was performed and is summarized in this report. Experiments and calculations were conducted at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) and the University of Tennessee (UT) to develop measurement techniques for the activity of {sup 24}Na in blood and {sup ...
DOE Information Bridge
Neutron dose measurement and evaluation techniques in criticality accident conditions using a thermo luminescence dosemeter (TLD) was studied at the Transient Experiment Critical Facility (TRACY) of Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI). In the present approach, the absorbed dose is derived from the ambient dose equivalent measured with a TLD, ...
The 23rd nuclear accident dosimetry intercomparison was held during the week of June 12--16, 1995 at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This report presents the results of this event, referred to as NAD 23, as related to the performance of Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) personal nuclear accident dosimeter (PNAD). Two separate critical ...
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Environmental, Safety, and Health Emergency Response Organization has the responsibility of providing analyses of personnel exposures to neutrons and gamma rays from a nuclear accident. This report presents the technical and philosophical basis for the dose assessment aspects of the nuclear accident ...
Two critical assemblies have been characterized at the Los Alamos Critical Experiments Facility (LACEF) for use in testing nuclear accident dosimeters and related devices. These device, Godiva IV and SHEBA II, have very different characteristics in both operation and emitted neutron energy spectra. The Godiva assembly is a bare metal fast burst device with ...
The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was completed in 1990. These codes estimate the consequence from the accidental releases of radiological material from hypothesized accidents at nuclear installations. ...
The twenty-first in a series of nuclear accident dosimetry (NAD) intercomparison (NAD) studies was conducted at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Dosimetry Applications Research Facility during August 6-10, 1984. The Health Physics Research Reactor operated in the pulse mode was used to simulate three criticality ...
The use of a portable electronic device in accident dosimetry has been investigated. The thermoluminescence properties of a surface-mount alumina-rich ceramic resonator from a USB flash drive were investigated. The following characteristics were verified: the absence of a zero-dose signal, gamma dose response, dose recycling behaviour, fading and optical ...
A simple and inexpensive Nuclear Accident Dosimetry (NAD) system for use in criticality accidents is described in this report. It consists of activation detectors of indium, gold, copper and sulfur for neutron dose estimates and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) and radiophotoluminescent (RPL) dosimeters for gamma dose measurements. ...
In case of a radiological accident, it is important to determine the exposure to radiation of the general population. Several materials can be used to reconstruct the exposed dose. Tooth enamel has been studied for a long time, and now the procedures to determine the dose are well established for in vitro measurements. Many materials have been investigated by different ...
Apr 21, 2011 ... Radiation Dosimetry and Spectrometry. Final Reports of the U.S. Experiments Flown on the Soviet Biosatellite Cosmos 1887. ...
EXPERIMENT PROFILE: NASA/Mir Active Dosimetry of Charged Particles ... Schott, Jobst (German Aerospace Center), Active Dosimetry of Charged Particles ...
Since 1965, the Dosimetry Applications Research Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory has conducted periodic intercomparison and testing programs in neutron and gamma personnel dosimetry and criticality accident dosimetry. Recently, courses in these areas and criticality alarm testing also have been offered to ...
DRDC Ottawa (and formerly as DREO) has participated in two NATO- sponsored and one TTCP-sponsored dosimetry intercomparisons. The SILENE international Accident Dosimetry Intercomparison Exercise at Valduc, France in June 2002 coincided with DRDC Ottawa wo...
We present a model of the predose effect of thermoluminescence in crystalline quartz in terms of known impurities and defect processes. It involves the recombination-induced dissociation of an aluminium-alkali complex [Al M+] and the reaction of an alkali [M+] with an activator [X], possibly Ge, to make the former an efficient electron trap [X M+]. This excitation-induced ionic process is a new ...
In the timeframe following the September 11th attacks on the United States, increased emphasis has been placed on Chemical, Biological, Radiological and Nuclear (CBRN) preparedness. Of prime importance is rapid field assessment of potential radiation exposure to Canadian Forces field personnel. This work set up a framework for generating an 'expert' computer system for aiding and assisting field ...
The items of accident cost that have a direct bearing on economic losses in coal mining are discussed.
Methods of retrospective dosimetry, including luminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), rely on measurement of accident dose absorbed by naturally occurring materials - ceramics in the case of both thermoluminescence (TL) and op...
There is an increased need for after-the fact dosimetry because of the high risk of radiation exposures due to terrorism or accidents. In case of such an event, a method is needed to make measurements of dose in a large number of individuals rapidly and with sufficient accuracy to facilitate effect...
Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)
The Dosimetry Applications Research (DOSAR) group at Oak Ridge National Laboratory has established a national and international program for dosimetry testing and intercomparison. Under this program there have been twenty-two nuclear accident dosimeter int...
The neutron dosimetry system incorporated in the NTS personnel dosimeter and the method of using it for nuclear accident dosimetry (NAD) are described. Details of the calibration procedure are given. Some useful cross sections and other detailed data are tabulated. (auth)
Investigations of thermoluminescence of lithium tetraborate activated with Dy, Mn and Eu and calcium sulphate activated with Dy caused by irradiation have been described. Both kinds of materials may be used in military and accident dosimetry.
The study aimed to investigate whether "mixed lymphocyte reactions" could interfere with the results of experiments in which irradiated blood from one person is mixed with non-irradiated blood from another. This experimental model had been designed to simulate, in vitro, non-homogeneous in vivo exposure such as could occur after accidents with ionizing ...
... Accession Number : AD0444966. Title : THE RELIABILITY OF AUTOMOBILE ACCIDENT EXPERIENCE IN A MILITARY SAMPLE. ...
The increasing risk of a mass casualty scenario following a large scale radiological accident or attack necessitates the development of appropriate dosimetric tools for emergency response. Luminescence dosimetry has been reliably applied for dose reconstruction in contaminated settlements for several decades and recent research into new materials carried ...
The REB dosimetrists also are collaborating with the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) to develop common methods of dose estimation for the Chornobyl studies and were actively involved in the activities of the United Nations Chernobyl Forum.
Cancer.gov
Proceedings of the First Symposium on the Nuclear Accident Dosimetry Programi Techniques and Uses are presented. Topics covered include justification of the general system, descriptions of gamma and neutron systems, energy-response calculations of threshold-detector unlts, radiation-leakage calculations for critical assemblies, radiation leakage ...
... Animals were irradiated with Co gamma rays to simulate the nonuniform irradiation which do occur in victims of radiation accidents. ...
Apr 21, 2011 ... Radiation Dosimetry and Spectrometry: Passive Systems (8809A18) ... but lesser trapped proton fluxes in passing beneath the South Atlantic ...
Sep 13, 2011 ... Radiation Dosimetry and Spectrometry: Passive Systems. NSSDC ID: 1989-075A-30. Mission Name: Bion 9. Principal Investigators: Prof. ...
Space Radiation Dosimetry Aboard Cosmos 1129. Final Reports of U.S. Plant and Radiation Dosimetry Experiments Flown on the Soviet Satellite Cosmos 1129. ...
Jun 10, 2011 ... The Dose Distribution Inside ISS - Dosimetry for Biological Experiments in Space (DOSIS-DOBIES) provides documentation of the actual nature ...
Jan 22, 2011 ... dc.description.abstract, This paper presents radiation dosimetry results from the radiation and reliability experiments on the Clementine ...
In June, 1995, Los Alamos National Laboratory hosted the 23rd U.S. Department of Energy sponsored Nuclear Accident Dosimetry Study at the Los Alamos Critical Experiments Facility. The participants tested their facilities accident dosimeters under a variety of neutrons fields produced by the Solution High Energy ...
Biological dosimetry can be considered as an additional method to physical dosimetry for estimating dose absorption after exposure to ionizing radiation. Fully validated as well as new promising approaches in this field are reviewed. Recent experiments, c...
... on biological dosimetry are included. Apart from direct medical care of radiation injuries, the socioeconomic problems associated with ... some of the recent radiological accidents and the medical care un...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
What's Inside Home About the Accident Studies Dosimetry Selected Publications Events Research Staff Collaborators Oversight Research Opportunities Contact Us Useful Links Radiation Epidemiology Branch Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics National
... A. G. Tsov'yanov. Retrospective Dosimetry of Accident Remediation Personnel at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Seda-Style, Kiev, 1996. Ministry of Atomic Energy of the USSR, Standards of Radiation Safet...
Accurate assessments of doses received by individuals exposed to radiation from nuclear accidents and incidents such as those at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Nevada test site, Cheliabinsk and Mayak are required for epidemiological studies seeking to establ...
... or a medical accident or an act of terrorism, internalization of radionuclides poses a challenge for assessment ... wounds. Although seemingly intended primarily for radiological accident victims (work wa...
The 23rd nuclear accident dosimetry intercomparison was held during the week of June 12--16, 1995 at Los Alamos National Laboratory. This report presents the results of this event, referred to as NAD 23, as related to the performance of Sandia National La...
DOE installations possessing sufficient quantities of fissile material to potentially constitute a critical mass, such that the excessive exposure of personnel to radiation from a nuclear accident is possible, are required to provide nuclear accident dosimetry services. This document describes the personal nuclear ...
At 10:59 AM (PST), Saturday, April 7, 1962 a criticality accident occurred in a plutonium waste chemical recovery facility at the Hanford Atomic Products Operation, operated for the Atomic Energy Commission by the General Electric Company. Four men were hospitalized but were released after medical observation and after estimates of the radiation doses received were available. ...
