human exposures to environmental hazards. Browse these EPA Characterization subtopics Accidents Accident Preparedness, Accident Prevention, Chemical Accidents, Radiation Accidents...
Science.gov Websites
Keywords: Accident analysis, systems theory models, systems dynamics ..... The general system hazard related to the accident is public exposure to E. coli or ...
NASA Website
One year after the reactor accident at Chernobyl an estimate as objective as possible of the average exposure of the Austrian population in the first year after the accident is attempted. Besides the exposure path of external radiation from the cloud and ...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
The statistics are compiled from summaries of fatal and personal injury accident data and exposure data submitted to the Federal Highway Administration by the State highway departments. The reports contain numbers of fatal accidents, injury accidents, fat...
... OCCUPATIONAL RADIATION PROTECTION ...835.1304 Nuclear accident dosimetry...individuals to radiation from a nuclear accident is possible...involved in a nuclear accident to determine...significant exposures to radiation occurred;...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011
This report discusses a radiation exposure accident of personnel at the Hanford production reactor facilities.
DOE Information Bridge
... ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS, INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE, SAFETY, INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE, PREVENTION, RADIATION HAZARDS, CASE ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Reactor accidents and safety measures at nuclear installations are discussed using information from reports on operational accidents and radiation exposure experience within the USAEC, Japan, and the UK. Accident records with detailed data on reactor sites, radioactive substances, possible cause, physical ...
Energy Citations Database
RADIATION ACCIDENTS. Accidents resulting in the spread of radioactive material or in the exposure of individual to radiation. RADIATION AREA ...
Guidance for Radiation Accident Management Introduction Basics of Radiation Detection Measurement Safety Around Radiation Sources Types of Radiation Exposure Managing Radiation...
Relationships between truck accidents and selected geometric characteristics of interchanges are examined. Datasets containing information on truck accident at interchanges, traffic exposure and selected geometric characteristics are analyzed with an emph...
... Many of the analyses described in this report used helicopter accident data provided by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB). ...
Decisions on the application of countermeasures for accident situations must take into account the cost of these countermeasures and the feasibility of reducing the exposure. A contribution to the solution of this problem, rested on the application of the...
The volume presents an analysis of the considerations involved in the design of driving-exposure surveys. Exposure is defined as the frequency of traffic events which create a risk of accident, measured in vehicle miles of travel. Exposure data obtained i...
A data collection and accident investigation system was designed and implemented to obtain, in the eight counties of western New York State, data on three levels: (1) Exposure and accident frequency information on the driver and vehicle population. (2) In...
The National Center for Statistics and Analysis (NCSA) collects motorcycle accident statistics as a component of both the National Accident Sampling System (NASS) and Fatal Accident Reporting System (FARS). At present there is no mechanism for collecting ...
The national emergency plan for nuclear accidents is a plan of action designed to provide a response to accidents involving the release or potential release of radioactive substances into the environment, which could give rise to radiation exposure to the...
The statistics in the report are compiled from summaries of fatal and personal injury accident data and exposure data submitted to the Federal Highway Administration by the State highway departments. The reports contain numbers of fatal accidents, injury ...
Cheap and clean energy can be supplied with nuclear power plant whose accident probability is very low comparing with that of the other industrial facilities. However, the consequences of severe accident of nuclear power plant may result in a critical imp...
Credible accidents were developed and analyzed for TRIGA and TRIGA-fueled reactors. The only potential for offsite exposure appears to be from a fuel-handling accident that, based on highly conservative assumptions, would result in dose equivalents of
An accident is described, involving the explosion of an ion-exchange column containing about 100 g of exp 241 Am. A chemical operator was injured in this accident, receiving acid burns and superficial cuts on the upper part of his body. From 1 to 5 curies...
This report describes an evaluation of flame exposure temperatures of weapons contained in alert (parked) bombers due to accidents that involve aircraft fuel fires. The evaluation includes two types of accident, collisions into an alert aircraft by an aircraft that is on landing or take-off, and engine start ...
This report describes an evaluation of flame exposure temperatures of weapons contained in alert (parked) bombers due to accidents that involve aircraft fuel fires. The evaluation includes two types of accident: collisions into an alert aircraft by an aircraft that is on landing or take-off; and engine start ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
The Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute is proceeding with construction of the High-Temperature Engineering Test Reactor (HTTR). Since the HTTR has some characteristics different from light-water reactors (LWRs), the analytical method of radiation exposure in accidents provided for LWRs cannot be applied directly to HTTRs. Therefore an analytical method ...
The summary includes descriptions of serious accidents for l959 and 1960, AEC industrial injury frequency rates, criticality accidents, radiation exposures, accidents involving radioactive materials in AEC activities during 1959 and 1960, and accidents involving fatalities in AEC ...
The theme of this study is to quantify the amount of transuranium activity in different parts of the plant after various fuel accidents, and which impact such contamination has on radiation exposure and costs for decommissioning the plant. The consequence...
On the basis of the work (ground investigations and gamma aerial surveys) carried out jointly by the Rosgidromet organizations and Berezovgeologiya, data on the radiation exposure in Russia were obtained shortly after the accident of April 6, 1993 already...
This study involved a census of 4,491 general aviation accident-involved airmen records for the year 1974 to obtain relevant occupation, age, exposure, and other epidemiologic profile information of a descriptive nature. Population comparison data for occ...
Accidents involving exposure to radiation or radioactive materials may involve an unusual degree of emotional trauma. Methods that may be employed in dealing with such trauma are discussed in relation to a specific accident in which a radiation worker was injured and seriously contaminated with 241Am. PMID:6629780
PubMed
Accidents involving exposure to radiation or radioactive materials may involve an unusual degree of emotional trauma. Methods that may be employed in dealing with such trauma are discussed in relation to a specific accident in which a radiation worker was injured and seriously contaminated with americium-241.
The author discusses the sources of exposure to toxic gases and fumes, particular toxic agents and their pathophysiology, and the management of toxic inhalation accidents.
... in the following areas: health effects of exposure to radiation, possible consequences resulting from accidents, and nuclear nonproliferation. ...
... for a hypothetical population of individuals exposed to these levels of radiation. Cancer ... exposure to naturally occurring radon. ...
... COMPUTERIZED SIMULATION, *RADIATION DOSAGE, HUMANS, NEW YORK, THESES, IODINE, EXPOSURE(PHYSIOLOGY), RADIOACTIVE ...
... Corporate Author : FEDERAL FIRE COUNCIL WASHINGTON DC. ... exhaustion, pneumonic cardiac effects and exposure to ionizing radiation. ...
... EXPOSURE(GENERAL), REPORTS, LASERS, STANDARDS, INVENTORY CONTROL, DISPOSAL, ARMY, IONIZING RADIATION, ACCIDENTS. ...
... reserve of the insurance company at time T, and the first time that this process hits the ... associated with accidents or hazardous materials exposure. ...
The growing awareness of the problems concerning contamination by airborne radionuclides has established the need for the gathering of information involving filtering effectiveness of charcoals, both during and after high levels of radiation exposure. This includes filters currently in use in reactor environments and also in clean room applications. This proposal deals with ...
This paper describes the technical approach used in the Modal Study performed by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory to evaluate the level of safety provided during the shipment of spent fuel from nuclear power reactors. The evaluation is performed by calculating the responses of representative spent fuel casks to severe highway and railway accidents and the ...
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Environmental, Safety, and Health Emergency Response Organization has the responsibility of providing analyses of personnel exposures to neutrons and gamma rays from a nuclear accident. This report presents the technical and philosophical basis for the dose assessment aspects of the nuclear ...
The author of this article discusses the world's most serious nuclear accident to date: the Chernobyl nuclear accident of April 1986. His major focus is on the short-term medical consequences of the accident, including reduction of exposure to persons at risk, evaluation of persons potentially affected, dosimetry, ...
PubMed Central
The report is Volume I in studies of aviation accidents. The emphasis is on general aviation, but Part 135 and 121 operations are also discussed. It is a review of the literature of sources of aviation accident and exposure data and of selected factors af...
Information is presented on accidents andd incidents occurring during 1961 and 1962 in plants owned and operated by the AEC. Revised reporting requirements established by the AEC in April 1962 are outlined. Data are summarized on radiation exposure of AEC contractor personnel, accidents involving radioactive materials, ...
The Three Mile Island accident was the worst accident ever experienced by the nuclear power industry. Although the radiation exposures were extremely low, the potential for greater public exposure did exist. Fortunately, the health and safety of the public were not affected by radiation, nor was anyone killed or ...
An overview and assessment of the nuclear accident at Chernobyl is presented. The authors have assembled data from throughout Europe to estimate upper bounds for the possible radiation releases from the accident, the exposures these may produce in humans, and the health consequences that may follow. Measurements of radioactivity in ...
One of the more complex issues in highway safety evaluation is how to incorporate some measure of exposure, some numerical measure of the opportunity for an accident to occur in the analysis. On a roadway section, for example, exposure might be vehicle-mi...
An overview of dose concepts (ion doses, energy doses, equivalent doses, GSD, effective equivalent doses) and of radiation exposure of humans with an appendix dealing with the additional radiation exposure brought about by the Chernobyl accident. (ERA cit...
The mathematical basis is presented for computation of the expected number of stochastic somatic fatalities as a consequence of radiation exposure for relevant exposure pathways in the aftermath of a nuclear accident. On the basis of these fundamentals, e...
The author considered medical consequences of radiation accidents on Industrial Association "Mayak" (radioactive waste discharge into Techa river and accident in 1957). Results of longstanding observations helped to evaluate health state of people exposed to radiation and their descendants. PMID:16381478
A FORTRAN computer program, HAZARD, was written and programmed for the CDC 6600 to calculate infinity does to the thyroid resulting from exposure to a reactor plume following a design basis accident. Using, as input, plant operating characteristics and me...
Contents: Foreword; Describing the Evolution in the Number of Highway Deaths by Decomposition in Exposure, Accident Risk, and Fatality Risk; Comparison of Two Negative Binomial Regression Techniques in Developing Accident Prediction Models; Use of Propens...
This document supports the development and presentation of the following accident scenario in the TWRS Final Safety Analysis Report: HEPA Filter Failure - Exposure to High Temperature or Pressure. The calculations needed to quantify the risk associated with this accident scenario are included within.
This document supports the development and presentation of the following accident scenario in the TWRS Final Safety Analysis Report. HEPA Filter Failure - Exposure to High Temperature or Pressure. The calculations needed to quantify the risk associated with this accident scenario are included within.
The conservation aspect of the treatment of patients who received whole-body exposure is presented. Such treatment is to be started during the first hours after the accident (prodomal phase), as well as the nonconventional measures to be adopted when the ...
Estimates of health effects that result from exposure to air pollutants generated during normal (accident-free) transport of radioactive materials and from accidents are provided for use in preparation of environmental impact statements. The results are p...
Historical accidents and incidents involving hydrogen peroxide are reviewed and presented. These hydrogen peroxide events are associated with storage, transportation, handling, and disposal and they include exposures, fires, and explosions. Understanding ...
A first version of models has been developed for predicting the number of occurrences of health effects induced by radiation exposure in nuclear reactor accidents. The models are based on the health effects models developed originally by Harvard Universit...
The statistics in this series of annual reports are compiled from summaries of fatal and personal injury accident data and exposure data submitted to the Federal Highway Administration by the State highway departments. The reports contain numbers of fatal...
Apart from the dramatic increase in thyroid cancer in those exposed as children, there is no evidence to date of a major public health impact as a result of radiation exposure due to the Chernobyl accident in the three most affected countries (Belarus, Ru...
The consequences of accidents in specific facilities at the Research Establishment are examined in terms of possible exposure of persons living around Lucas Heights to release airborne radioactive and toxic materials. In the case of radioactive materials,...
Several definitions of a radiation emergency are given, and several improvements that should be made in emergency procedures are outlined. The AEC experience in radiation accidents and its methods for coping with them are described. Personnel dosimetry, exposures of rescue teams, and radiation surveying of large areas are discussed. (D.L.C.)
Several Federal Government agencies require estimates of vehicle miles of travel (VMT) by interstate commercial trucks. These estimates are essential in determining accident exposure and accident rates for these trucks, and in determining highway investme...
During the last few years the radiopathology service of the Curie Foundation has admitted more than a hundred patients who were followed and treated for irradiation or suspected irradiation after a work accident. Accidents followed by clinical symptoms ac...
The growing awareness of the problems concerning contamination by airborne radionuclides has established the need for the gathering of information involving filtering effectiveness of charcoals, both during and after high levels of radiation exposure. thi...
The vulnerability of a power distribution system in Bedford and Lexington, Massachusetts to power outages as a result of exposure to carbon fibers released in a commercial aviation accident in 1993 was examined. Possible crash scenarios at Logan Airport b...
This report quantifies what ''low activation'' means with regard to accident safety for naturally occurring elements from hydrogen through bismuth. The activation inventory from a neutron flux of 5 MW/m(2) for 4 years exposure at the first wall to a deute...
This paper addresses the issue of inhalation exposure immediately afterward and for a long time following a nuclear accident. For the cases where either a nuclear weapon burns or explodes prior to nuclear fission, or at locations close to a nuclear reactor accident containing fission products, a major concern is the inhalation of ...
While reliable estimates of expected accidents can be achieved by combining observed accidents and accident model predictions using an empirical Bayes approach, there are a number of obstacles to the widespread adoption of the method. This paper concentrates on problems associated with the available predictive models. Of particular ...
This bibliography contains citations concerning the impact of radiation accidents on humans. Radiation exposure assessment for determining appropriate medical treatment is discussed. The effects of ingesting food or inhaling air irradiated by accident fallout are considered. Follow-up studies of the survivors of specific nuclear ...
This analysis investigated the exposure response behavior of gamma-ray ionization chambers used in the criticality accident systems at the Savannah River Site (SRS). The project consisted of performing exposure response measurements with a calibrated {sup 137}Cs source for benchmarking of the MCNP Monte Carlo code. MCNP was then used ...
A review. (H.H.D.)17:027632Topics discussed include: procedures to be followed the first 12 hr after an accident; later emergency period; clinical features of the acute radiation syndrome; therapy and long-term follow-up studies; hospital disaster plans for radiation accidents; problems of psychological upset; accidents ...
There occurred in 1971 an accidental exposure to gamma rays from an / sup 192/Ir source received by persons not regularly occupied in radiation work. To serve in planning the therapeutic treatment, a method for estimating the gamma -ray exposure received by these .persons was devised. The method is based on the idea of using bearing jewels ...
This descriptive and exploratory study from a quantitative approach aimed to characterize workers who were victims of work accidents related to human body fluids exposure and to evaluate the accident victim care protocol. The population consisted of 48 workers who were victims of work accidents involving ...
... does to the thyroid resulting from exposure to a reactor plume following a design basis accident. Using, as input, plant operating characteristics and ...
General's Office released two reports today containing the reevaluations of radiation exposure for personnel who participated in the clean up of a 1966 nuclear weapons accident in...
Guidance for Radiation Accident Management Introduction Basics of Radiation Detection Measurement Safety Around Radiation Sources Keeping Exposure Low Working Safely Around...
Workers close to the reactor could be affected by External exposure to highly radioactive materials within the reactor External contamination by radioactivity released and...
... the streams, rivers and lakes further contaminating the food ... ionizing radiations (Akleev, 1991). ... the effects that exposure to ionizing radiation has on ...
... exposure to toxic concentrations; likelihood of accidents and errors. ... 13. Risk Mitigation Measure. ... www.epa.gov/oppsrrd1/reregistration/soil_fumigants ...
EPA Pesticide Factsheets
Achievable (Typically in reference to exposure to hazardous materials or hazards such as radiation.) BBAP Behavior-Based Accident Prevention Program CATS Corrective Action...
... occurred most frequently while taxiing (54%) and during approach and landing (36%). The authors conclude that exposure to glare sources at night ...
