Guidance for Radiation Accident Management Introduction Basics of Radiation Detection Measurement Safety Around Radiation Sources Types of Radiation Exposure Managing Radiation...

The management of severe accidents in light water reactors is receiving much attention in several countries. The reduction of risk by measures and/or actions that would affect the behavior of a severe accident is discussed. The research program that is be...

The management of severe accidents in light water reactors is receiving much attention in several countries. The reduction of risk by measures and/or actions that would affect the behavior of a severe accident is discussed. The research program that is being conducted by the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission focuses ...

This document describes the following aspects: Core meltdown prevention guidelines; severe accidents with core meltdown mitigation; diagnosis and prognosis methods. Figs. (Atomindex citation 24:067128)

The U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission is conducting an accident management research program that emphasizes the use of severe accident research to enhance the ability of plant operating personnel to effectively manage severe accidents. Hence, it is necessary to ensure that the plant ...

... ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS, SAFETY, AVIATION ACCIDENTS, PREVENTION, MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS, RISK MANAGEMENT. ...

In support of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Accident Management Research Program, a methodology has been developed for identifying the plant information needs necessary for personnel involved in the management of an accident to diagnose that an accident is in progress, select and ...

Guidance for Radiation Accident Management Introduction Basics of Radiation Detection Measurement Safety Around Radiation Sources Types of Radiation Exposure Managing Radiation...

... Descriptors : *DECISION MAKING, *SAFETY FACTOR, *ACCIDENTS, *MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS, MILITARY PERSONNEL, MANAGEMENT ...

The author conducted interviews with Western analysts to reach a consensus view of the accident in 1986 at Chernobyl. This view is illustrated in this article. The Chernobyl RBMK reactor is described, as are the events surrounding the accident. Post-accident safety measures taken by the U.S.S.R. are discussed and ...

The definition and the multidimensionality aspects of accident management have been reviewed. The suggested elements in the development of a programme for severe accident management have been identified and discussed. The strategies concentrate on the two tiered approaches. Operative management ...

Due to the government requirements severe accident mitigating measures were implemented at Barseback nuclear power plant in 1985 and at the other Swedish nuclear power plants in 1988. For the latter plants these measures included protection against early containment impairment, highly redundant containment spray and filtered venting of ...

Despite extensive safety analysis and application of safety measures, there is a frequent lament, 'Why do we continue to have accidents'. Two breakdowns are prevalent in risk management and prevention. First, accidents result from human actions that engin...

This book contains the proceedings on medical management of radiation accidents. Topics covered include: Fundamentals of radiation accidents, Emergency room management of radiation accidents, and Special aspects of nuclear power.

about homeland security research. Browse these EPA Emergency Response subtopics Accidents Accident Preparedness, Accident Prevention, Chemical Accidents, Radiation Accidents...

The goal of this work is the search for an optimal accident management strategy to prevent containment failure and to stop the core/concrete interaction from hindering cavity bottom melt-through on the one hand and from ending the ex-vessel source term increase on the other hand, i.e., to terminate the accident. The work is based on ...

Guidance for Radiation Accident Management Introduction Basics of Radiation Detection Measurement Safety Around Radiation Sources Keeping Exposure Low Working Safely Around...

The fundamental objective of the accident management program is to assure, in the event of a severe accident at a nuclear plant, that the effectiveness of personnel and equipment is maximized in preventing or mitigating the consequences of the accident. T...

Accident management is examined from several related perspectives. The emphasis is on the role of the operating crew and the technical support provided to them before, during, and after an accident. The relationship among accident management, risk managem...

According to the 1995 World Disaster Report, accidents are second only to floods in frequency. Chemical accidents leading to a serious danger to the general public and to the environment rank 10th, just after epidemics and followed by landslides. Can the occurrence of these environmental accidents be reduced in the future and their ...

... Descriptors : *ARMY PERSONNEL, *MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS, COST ANALYSIS, MILITARY VEHICLES, SAFETY, AVIATION ACCIDENTS ...

While it would be very difficult to predetermine all of the actions required to mitigate the consequences of every potential severe accident for a nuclear power plant, development of additional guidance and training could improve the likelihood that the operating crew would implement effective sever-accident management ...

Despite the rareness of radiation accidents, their potential consequences can be very serious, and appropriate medical management requires sufficient preparatory planning. To identify necessary factors for sufficient preparatory planning, three different radiation accidents were analyzed, i.e. the accidents in ...

A general methodology is presented for conducting an analysis of the various aspects of the hazards associated with the storage and transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) which should be considered during the planning stages of a typical LNG ship terminal. The procedure includes the performance of a hazards and system analysis of the proposed site, a probability analysis of ...

The goal of this work is the investigation of the influence of different accident management strategies on the thermal-hydraulics in the containment during a Large Break Loss of Coolant Accident with a large containment leak from the beginning of the accident. The increasing relevance of terrorism suggests a closer ...

Geographical Information System (GIS) technology has been a popular tool for visualization of accident data and analysis of hot spots in highways. Many traffic agencies have been using GIS for accident analysis. Accident analysis studies aim at the identification of high rate accident locations and safety deficient ...

Severe accident management can be defined as the use of existing and/or alternative resources, systems and actors to prevent or mitigate a core-melt accident. For each accident sequence and each combination of severe accident management strategies, there ...

... Radiation on Behavior and the Brain; Nuclear Weapons Accident Response Procedure; Management of Radiation Accidents; Medical Operations ...

Results of the previous one-dimensional thermal analysis of interim storage accidents are confirmed by more detailed two-dimensional calculations. Waste temperatures calculated for interim storage accidents are moderately sensitive to assumptions concerning canister spacing and are much less sensitive to boundary conditions at the canister top. For an ...

One of the most important uses of dose assessment models in response to accidents at nuclear facilities is to help provide guidance to emergency response managers for identifying, and mitigating, the consequences of an accident once the accident has been terminated. By combining results from assessment models with ...

Accident management is examined from several different perspectives. The emphasis is on the role of the operating crew and the technical support provided to them before, during, and after an accident. The relationship among accident management, risk management, and ...

Language: English ...

The experience on accident management on French PWRs is described. Figs and tabs. (Atomindex citation 24:067281)

... The chief executive is responsible to ensure that each manager is provided with a periodic summary of his unit's safety performance. The Accident ...

... Accession Number : ADA143667. Title : Accident Management Orientation Guide. Descriptive Note : Final rept.,. Corporate ...

... Accession Number : ADP004472. Title : Accident Management Orientation Guide,. Corporate Author : SCS ENGINEERS RESTON VA. ...

The response to an emergency resulting from an accident involving microorganisms, whether in a laboratory or during needs to be graded according to the degree of hazard to human or animal health created by the circumstances of the accident and the properties of the organisms concerned. A categorization of microorganisms by risk groups is proposed for the ...

The response to an emergency resulting from an accident involving microorganisms, whether in a laboratory or during needs to be graded according to the degree of hazard to human or animal health created by the circumstances of the accident and the properties of the organisms concerned. A categorization of microorganisms by risk groups is proposed for the ...

Devices (IND) Categories of Medical Effects More... Nuclear Reactor Accidents About Nuclear Reactor Accidents Initiate Radiation Medical Management Transportation Accidents...

Effective planning for the management of severe accidents at nuclear power plants can produce both a reduction in the frequency of such accidents as well as the ability to mitigate their consequences if and when they should occur. This report provides an ...

A strategy has been developed for systematically addressing and handling the hazards posed by a transportation accident involving hazardous materials. The Accident Management Orientation Guide presents this system as a logic sequence of events in a color-...

The Accident Diagnostic, Analysis and Management (ADAM) computer code has been developed as a tool for on-line applications to accident diagnostics, simulation, management and training. ADAM's severe accident simulation capabilities incorporate a balance of mechanistic, ...

In summarizing the information provided in the USSR report on plant stabilization shortly after the accident at Chernobyl and on the early response measures, the following three main stages can be identified: (1) the building fire-fighting actions and measures (techniques) undertaken and their effectiveness in controlling and finally ...

This paper addresses the need for a management program for nuclear power accidents. According to the author, the tools and technology for severe accident management exist. The need for a clear, realistic definition of nuclear accident program requirements is discussed.

The use of NUREG-1150 and similar Probabilistic Risk Assessments in NRC and industry risk management programs is discussed. ''Risk management'' is more comprehensive than the commonly used term ''accident management.'' Accident management includes strateg...

... MARIUS POULINd, R�HAUME COURTOISe, and JACQUES FORTINf. (2007) Electric Fencing as a Measure to Reduce Moose�Vehicle Collisions. Journal of Wildlife Management 71:5, 1695- ... ...

The conference proceedings contain 22 papers, all have been incorporated in INIS. They relate to the escape of radianuclides from nuclear power plant operation and nuclear power plant accidents into the hydrosphere, the measurement of radioactivity of and...

Japan has the largest world market share of industrial robots and also two fatal accidents due to robots. Ergonomics points of view should be applied to robotics to prevent new types of accidents. The concern of this paper is to explain Japan's situation concerning the installation of robotics and current safety regulations. Three experiments about the ...

Meltdown sequences in Light Water Reactors (LWRs) were treated in the Reactor Safety Study with the objective of quantifying the risk associated with their occurrence. Recent studies have focused on the analysis of severe Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) accident sequences to identify possible accident mitigation strategies and ...

This subgroup examined the transportation system issues which must be considered in the development and implementation of a National nuclear waste management policy. Five basic issues were discussed: standards for packagings and containment systems for normal and accident conditions, institutional controls, additional measures required ...

The term 'ultimate risk' is used here to describe the probabilities and radiological consequences that should be incorporated in siting, containment design and accident management of nuclear power plants for hypothetical accidents. It is closely related with the source terms specified in siting criteria which assures ...

In support of the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission Accident Management Research Program, the availability of instruments to supply accident management information during a broad range of severe accidents is evaluated for a Boiling Water Reactor with a M...

Results accomplished by safety work at one mine where management decided that avoidable accidents must be prevented and that essentially all accidents are avoidable are shown.

This paper provides an overview of recent results derived from the accident history data collected under 112(r) of the Clean Air Act Amendments (the Risk Management Program (RMP) Rule) covering the period 1994-2000, together with a preliminary assessment of the effectiveness of the RMP Rule as a form of Management System Regulation. ...

Chapter 5 -THE CONTRIBUTING CAUSE OF THE ACCIDENT The decision to launch the ... of the engineers at Thiokol after the management reversed its position. ...

Aug 30, 2005 ... NASA Official Fleet Management Handbook. Driver's Handbook. Summary of Accident Procedures. The following process will be followed for ...

of organizational accidents and to illustrate both effective and ineffective application of safety ..... Managing the Risks of Organizational Accidents, by ...

... and their employees from accidents have two options: (1) insurance, and (2) accident prevention programs (Pate-Cornell, 1996). ...

... Radiation Accidents and the Radiology Department. ... Local -ROSENBERG RD, UNM Radiation Accidents Management Course Lecture, and Workshops 1986, 87, 88, 89 ...

The paper describes the implementation of the data-sensor fusion and sensor management technology for accident management through simulated severe accident (SA) scenarios subjected to study. By means of accident management the appropriate prompt actions t...

Aircraft Accidents and NASA's Aviation Safety Program Worksheet ... What measures would you suggest to prevent similar accidents from occurring in the ...

This report examines five topical areas of concern to severe accident management. These areas are as follows: Human Factors, Accident Management During Shutdown, Information Needs, Long-term Implications, and Uncertainties. The objective of this report is to assist the NRC in performing its research function and to ...

Investigation of transportation accidents usually involves some measurement of physical evidence at the scene. Accurate accident scene data facilitates reconstruction of the accident events and possible determination of the cause. The Calspan Scene Measurement System combines computer ...

This document is designed to provide a means for accident/incident prevention by familiarizing managers with management-related accident/incident causal factors which have been revealed in Department of Energy (DOE) supported accident investigation research. It also helps to prepare ...

Serious accidents and incidents occurring within the Department of Energy (DOE) will be investigated by committees including DOE trained investigators. A part of the investigation includes evaluation of management systems as they relate to the accident. T...

After a brief recall of French safety rationale, the reactor operation and severe accident management is given. The research and development aimed at developing accident management procedures and emergency organization in France for the case of a NPP acci...

The importance of accidents as a cause of death and morbidity in childhood is realized in the countries of the so-called "western" world and in developing countries. The increasing recognition of accidents as a problem has led to paediatricians playing a greater part in accident management and prevention. ...

One of the most important uses of dose assessment models in response to accidents at nuclear facilities is to help provide guidance to emergency response managers for identifying, and mitigating, the consequences of an accident once the accident has been ...

A method of caring for patients who have been exposed a peacetime nuclear accident has been described. It show be apparent that the preparation for such an accident and experience of the medical team, if such an accident should occur, would better prepare the medical profession to occur with problems resulting from a nuclear ...

A fundamental element in a comprehensive, modern safety program is the thorough investigation of accidents and incidents. This manual provides usable guidelines for investigation of all accidents or incidents, and guidance for preparing for accident manag...

Offsite response decision-making methods based on in-plant conditions are developed for use during severe reactor-accident situations. Dose projections are used to eliminate all LWR plant systems except the reactor core and the spent-fuel storage pool from consideration for immediate offsite emergency response during accident situations. A simple plant ...

Prior to the accident at Three Mile Island, little attention was given to the development of procedures for the management of severe accidents, that is, accidents in which the reactor core is damaged. Since TMI, however, significant effort has been devoted to developing strategies for severe ...

Severe-accident management can be defined as the use of existing and or alternative resources, systems, and actions to prevent or mitigate a core-melt accident. Together with risk management (e.g., changes in plant operation and/or addition of equipment) and emergency planning (off-site actions), ...

Industrial sites that store or use chemicals are controlled in the UK under the COMAH (Control Of Major Accident Hazards) Regulations 1999 [1] based on their holdings of 'Dangerous Substances'. The COMAH Regulations [1] came into force in 1999 and are the UK's response to the European Union's Seveso II Directive. The purpose of these ...

Developments in system analysis and simulation are described which cover the application to training, uncertainty determination, survivability and accident management. 6 refs., 7 figs.

Managing the Risks of. Organizational Accidents. Jim Reason. Professor Emeritus. University of Manchester, UK. RMC V, Cleveland, October 27 2004 ...

weapon involved in a transportation accident would, or could, detonate in a nuclear fashion. Most nuclear weapons will contain conventional high explosives in varying amounts up...

The document describes the IAEA Programme on Nuclear Reactor's Accident Management, and analyses the safety assessment of the PWR type reactor. (Atomindex citation 24:067123)

Detailed investigative philosophy, management techniques, and report preparation are presented for both general and radiation accidents. Figures and examples are liberally used. (PCS)

The study collected accident data that would allow determination of the relationships between occupant injury and accident severity. The measure of severity most commonly used to characterize an accident is the velocity change experienced by the passenger...

Traffic accident investigation requires detailed documentation of the accident scene, vehicles, and persons involved in the collision. To adequately document an accident scene, investigating officers accurately record various measurements (e.g., skid mark...

An important goal of the US DOE reactor development program is to conceptualize advanced safety design features for a demonstration Sodium Fast Reactor (SFR). The treatment of severe accidents is one of the key safety issues in the design approach for advanced SFR systems. It is necessary to develop an in-depth understanding of the risk of severe accidents ...

There is a recognized need to provide nuclear power plant technical staff with structured guidance for response to a potential severe accident condition involving core damage and potential release of fission products to the environment. Over the past ten years, many plants worldwide have implemented such guidance for their emergency technical support center teams either by ...

Reducing the risk from potentially severe accidents by appropriate accident management strategies is receiving increased attention from the international reactor safety community. Considerable uncertainty still surrounds some of the physical phenomena likely to occur during a severe accident. The USNRC, in ...

Brookhaven National Laboratory, under the auspices of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, is investigating accident management strategies which could help preserve containment integrity or minimize releases during a severe accident. The strategies consi...

The Accident Management Orientation Guide identifies the guidelines needed for mitigating the hazards associated with a hazardous materials (HM) in-service railroad derailment and a HM yard accident. The guide addresses all phases of on-scene emergency re...

Subsequent to the TMI and Chernobyl accidents, emergency management is investigating the possibility of taking balanced decisions on interventions as early as possible. This process relies more and more on in-plant data to assess the term of releases. The paper discusses the regulatory aspects of the communication related to the source term between the ...

Management of radiation mass casualty exposure that may occur as a result of nuclear or radiation accident will depend on the type of accident, and of the knowledge about the actual radiation exposure situation for those who might be involved. Management of the public after an accident in a ...

Accident management can be defined as the innovative use of existing and or alternative resources, systems, and actions to prevent or mitigate a severe accident. A significant number of probabilistic safety assessments (PSAs) have been completed that yield the principal plant vulnerabilities. These vulnerabilities can be categorized as ...

In anticipation of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission generic letter regarding accident management, the Boiling Water Reactor Owners' Group (BWROG) has commissioned the development of Accident Management Guidelines (AMGs). One outgrowth of the industry performance of individual plant examinations (IPES) ...

The medical management of radiation accidents requires intensive planning and action. This article looks at the medical management of recent radiation accidents to derive principles for structuring and organizing the treatment of patients who may have radiation-induced health impairments. Although the radiation ...

The objectives of the Model Validation Committee were to collaborate with US and foreign scientists to collect, manage, and evaluate data for identifying critical research issues and data needs to support an integrated assessment of the Chernobyl nuclear accident; test environmental transport, human dosimetric, and health effects models against ...

A Five-step methodology has been developed to evaluate information needs for nuclear power plants under accident conditions and the availability of plant instrumentation during severe accidents. Step 1 examines the credible accidents and their relationships to plant safety functions. Step 2 determines the information personnel involved ...

A Five-step methodology has been developed to evaluate information needs for nuclear power plants under accident conditions and the availability of plant instrumentation during severe accidents. Step 1 examines the credible accidents and their relationships to plant safety functions. Step 2 determines the information personnel involved ...

The results of an investigation on safety factors concerning the installation of the Fukushima-6 power plant are discussed on the basis of the written application for permission for reactor installation in Dec. 21, 1971. The investigation was based on the principle that the safety of the general public and employees be guaranteed even if an unexpected event might occur. The aim of the ...

As a consequence of the Chernobyl accident a general radiometric survey of Italian territory was established. To this scope a very extensive program of environmental sampling, measurements, data collection, processing and management of this was carried ou...

In support of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission Accident Management Research Program, the availability of instruments to supply accident management information during a broad range of severe accidents is evaluated for a Boiling Water Reactor with a Mark I containment. Results from this ...

This reports documents work performed the NRC/RES Accident Management Guidance Program to evaluate possible strategies for mitigating the consequences of PWR severe accidents. The selection and evaluation of strategies was limited to the in-vessel phase of the severe accident, i.e., after the initiation of core ...

An important consideration in the development and assessment of severe accident management strategies is that while the strategies are often built on the knowledge base of Probabilistic Safety Analyses (PSA), they must be interpretable and meaningful in terms of the control room indicators. In the following, the relationships between PSA and severe ...

... Abstract : Effective communication is key for the successful management of chemical or biological accidents or threats (terrorism). ...

... Descriptors : *NUCLEAR ENGINEERING, LESSONS LEARNED, SAFETY, SCIENTIFIC ORGANIZATIONS, ACCIDENTS. ...

A brief guide to training and equipment needed to effectively manage victims of radiation accidents. (DT)

A brief guide to training and equipment needed to effectively manage victims of radiation accidents is given.

The paper discusses Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) efforts regarding severe reactor accident management and the Nuclear Management and Resources Council (NUMAEX), activities. (EPRI) Electric Power Research Institute accident management program consists of the two products just mentioned ...

... Subject Categories : ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT RADIOACTIVITY, RADIOACTIVE WASTES & FISSION PROD. ...

... This document concerns the critical skill requirements in the ... FAILURE, ACCIDENTS, PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT, ASSEMBLY, HANDBOOKS. ...

Severe accident analyses with MAAP4 may be supplemented by separate phenomena evaluations to determine the potential for deflagrations and detonations in a containment. Key phenomena evaluations are described here, and MAAP4 results are checked for consistency of the MAAP models for the case of a large, dry pressurized water reactor containment. For specific ...

Every nuclear plant operator must make necessary arrangements for preventing or controlling incidents occurring in service before they degenerate into serious accidents. Should an accident occur despite these measures, it is necessary to limits its consequences in the areas of radiology, finance, and politics. This paper describes the ...

This document is the second of a two-volume NUREG/CR that discusses development of accident management plans for nuclear power plants. The first volume (a) describes a four-phase approach for developing criteria that could be used for assessing the adequacy of accident management plans, (b) identifies the general ...

This document is the second of a two-volume NUREG/CR that discusses development of accident management plans for nuclear power plants. The first volume (a) describes a four-phase approach for developing criteria that could be used for assessing the adequacy of accident management plans, (b) identifies the general ...

Reactor accidents and safety measures at nuclear installations are discussed using information from reports on operational accidents and radiation exposure experience within the USAEC, Japan, and the UK. Accident records with detailed data on reactor sites, radioactive substances, possible cause, physical ...

OBJECTIVE--To see whether care provided by general practitioners to non-emergency patients in an accident and emergency department differs significantly from care by usual accident and emergency staff in terms of process, outcome, and comparative cost. DESIGN--A randomised controlled trial. SETTING--A busy inner city hospital's ...

The Containment and Release Management project was carried out within the Reinforced Concerted Action Programme for Accident Management Support and partly financed by the European Union. In this report a prototype of an accident management support system ...