... A. G. Tsov'yanov. Retrospective Dosimetry of Accident Remediation Personnel at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant. Seda-Style, Kiev, 1996. Ministry of Atomic Energy of the USSR, Standards of Radiation Safet...

The overview of the results of development, verification and application of the methods of individual retrospective physical dosimetry among population of settlements contaminated with radionuclides, which suffered from irradiation as a result of the accident in Chernobyl NPP, and among the population located in the vicinity of the Semipalatinsk nuclear ...

The surface air activity concentration of 241Pu for the period May 01-15, 1986, for a monitoring site in Vinca, Belgrade was retrospectively estimated. The results were obtained by re-measurement of plutonium fraction alpha-spectrometric sources, with 236Pu as a tracer, used almost 13 years earlier for the determination of (239,240)Pu concentration in ...

General aspects of applying the method of retrospective dose estimation by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of human tooth enamel (EPR dosimetry) to the population residing in the vicinity of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site are analyzed and summarized. The analysis is based on the results obtained during 20 years of investigations conducted ...

The increasing risk of a mass casualty scenario following a large scale radiological accident or attack necessitates the development of appropriate dosimetric tools for emergency response. Luminescence dosimetry has been reliably applied for dose reconstruction in contaminated settlements for several decades and recent research into new materials carried close to the human ...

It is considered the efficacy of decisions concerning remedial actions when of-site radiological monitoring in the early and (or) in the intermediate phases was absent or was not informative. There are examples of such situations in the former Soviet Union where many people have been exposed: releases of radioactive materials from 'Krasnoyarsk-26' into Enisey River, releases of ...

Viewgraphs are presented that describe the Three Mile Island-2 reactor; the severe accident in the reactor; activity levels following the accident; and estimated costs associated with the accident.

The assessment doses due to ingestion of (137)Cs and (90)Sr for the population suffering from the Chernobyl accident was performed on the basis of the new mechanistic ecological model for assessment of radiological consequences of agricultural lands contamination (EMARC). The EMARC model allows estimation of internal doses based on ecological factors ...

OBJECTIVE--To estimate the risks of road traffic accidents over a period of three years in drivers with a history of single seizures or epilepsy, and to compare them with a cohort of drivers followed up by the Transport Research Laboratory (TRL). DESIGN--A retrospective survey of driving and accident experience by ...

About 90,000 citizens of Ukraine, who were residents of the near zone of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant were evacuated during the first weeks after the accident due to the heavy contamination of the environment. Doses of this cohort were unknown. Retrospective reconstruction of external gamma exposure doses, based on the results of direct dose rate ...

The main difficulty in making a retrospective assessment of the collective indicators of the degree of irradiation of personnel at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in 1986 is that complete data on the individual dose load are not available. However, information obtained thus far makes it possible to estimate, to a first approximation, the collective ...

A comparative analysis of two groups of highly irradiated victims was carried out in order to evaluate the suitability of two assays for retrospective dose assessment: late translocations and electron spin resonance (ESR) dosimetry. The first group comprised 24 subjects who exhibited acute radiation syndrome (ARS) due to overexposure as a result of nuclear submarine ...

On 27 August 2006 at 0606 eastern daylight time (EDT) at Bluegrass Airport in Lexington, KY (LEX), the flight crew of Comair Flight 5191 inadvertently attempted to take off from a general aviation runway too short for their aircraft. The aircraft crashed killing 49 of the 50 people on board. To better understand this accident and to aid in preventing similar ...

Technical Accomplishment Civil Helicopter Accident Analyses. SAFOR (SGH 6/2/98). Fatal Accidents: Cause/Estimated Cost (1990-1996) ...

To develop retrospective dosimetry of unexpected radiation accident, basic studies on violet thermoluminescence (VTL) phenomena were conducted using natural quartz grains. All VTL glowcurves of as-received samples did not exhibit peaks <250 degrees C, although for artificially irradiated quartz samples there were VTL peaks in the temperature region ...

In case of a driver who was involved in and survived a traffic accident, the analysis of expired air or blond sampling for alcohol determination is usually done within a shorter or longer time interval after the event. Thus, that the obtained analytical results are to be referred to the time when the examination or sampling was done, whereas the courts are interested in the ...

The purpose of this report is to estimate the consequences of a Hanford reactor accident with emphasis on the effects at distant points. The potential effects in Canada are estimated as well as the consequences within the United States.

Data extracted from several studies on human subjects who received partial- or whole-body exposures to ionizing radiation are presented. The use of these data to estimate the expected mortality from whole-body irradiation is discussed. The interpretations of the results from retrospective case-control studies, as exemplified by the Oxford survey of ...

Methods of retrospective dosimetry, including luminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (EPR), rely on measurement of accident dose absorbed by naturally occurring materials - ceramics in the case of both thermoluminescence (TL) and op...

This paper examines the statistical properties of estimates of fatal accident rates, mean fatalities per accident, and fatality rates when these estimates are based on past accident data. The statistical properties are illustrated by two long-term transport fatal accident ...

This retrospective study explores the association between occupational noise exposure at the time of hearing tests, permanent noise-induced hearing loss and work-related accident risk. Log-binomial analysis was used to first ascertain the association between study variables according to activity sector (North American Industry Classification System, NAICS) ...

During the JCO-accident in Tokai-mura in 1999, the surrounding village was irradiated by an uncontrolled neutron flux. At some locations in that village, the thermal neutron flux was determined retrospectively by measurement of the very low activity of 51Cr and 60Co in stainless-steel spoons using gamma-ray spectrometry in underground laboratories. ...

Increased risk of traffic accidents in subjects with latent toxoplasmosis: a retrospective case-control study

A new approach to the investigation of aviation accidents has recently been initiated, utilizing a follow-on to the psychological autopsy. This approach, the psychosocial reconstruction inventory, enables the development of a dynamic, retrospective portra...

Accurate assessments of doses received by individuals exposed to radiation from nuclear accidents and incidents such as those at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Nevada test site, Cheliabinsk and Mayak are required for epidemiological studies seeking to establ...

The project provided quantitative estimates of traffic accident related direct expenditures from state tax revenues as a result of traffic accidents. This report serves three purposes. The first is to detail the methodology and the sources of data. The se...

One year after the reactor accident at Chernobyl an estimate as objective as possible of the average exposure of the Austrian population in the first year after the accident is attempted. Besides the exposure path of external radiation from the cloud and ...

Changes of registered levels of chromosome aberrations were studied in the peripheral blood lymphocyte cultures of 74 patients irradiated as a result of the Chernobyl accident by the instrumentality of the routine method during 25 year. The initial dose estimations by average dicentrics frequency varied from 0.2 to 9.8 Gy On the whole, the model of a ...

The problem of estimation of a physical quantity from a set of measurements is considered. We extend Kalman recursive estimation procedure in two ways. First, we explore how to use the latest observation to retrospectively update estimates of past system states. Second, we show how to apply the ...

BACKGROUND: Documentation and analysis of aviation accidents is very important to improve aviation safety and post-accident survival. In this study we aimed to evaluate the civilian aviation accidents between 1955 and 2003 in Turkey to identify the risk factors for fatal and non-fatal injuries. METHODS: Records of Civilian Aviation ...

In vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tooth dosimetry provides a means for non-invasive retrospective assessment of personal radiation exposure. While there is a clear need for such capabilities following radiation accidents, the most pressing need for the development of this technology is the heightened likelihood of terrorist events or nuclear ...

In vivo electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) tooth dosimetry provides a means for non-invasive retrospective assessment of personal radiation exposure. While there is a clear need for such capabilities following radiation accidents, the most pressing need for the development of this technology is the heightened likelihood of terrorist events or nuclear ...

Electronic components inside mobile phones are regarded as useful tools for accident and retrospective dosimetry using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and thermoluminescence. Components inside the devices with suitable properties for luminescence dosimetry include, amongst others, ceramic substrates in resistors, capacitors, transistors and antenna ...

ANSWER from FAQ on June 3, 1999: * The risk to the world population from a swingby reentry accident is very low. * A series of tests and in-depth analyses ...

Traffic Accident; Chronic Disease; Prevalence of Psychoactive Substances in Road Traffic; Relative Risk Estimation of Accident for Impaired Drivers

... YIELD AND POTENTIAL TO AVOID DAMAGE BY ... the building in which the accident occurred had ... destruction at Radford could have been avoided. ...

... Explosive Yield and Potential to Avoid Damage by ... the building in which the accident occurred had ... cost of the destruction could have been avoided. ...

Prevalence of Psychoactive Substances in Road Traffic; Psychoactive Substances in Accident Involved Drivers; Relative Risk Estimation of Accident Involvement for Impaired Drivers

... appear to be underestimated because of a laboratory accident in 1998 that resulted in the deaths of ... were unable to test for effects of the accident on survivorship in the same manner as for ... ...

Several Federal Government agencies require estimates of vehicle miles of travel (VMT) by interstate commercial trucks. These estimates are essential in determining accident exposure and accident rates for these trucks, and in determining highway investme...

Estimates of the potential airborne release of radioactive materials in transportation accidents are necessary to compare the safety in various shipping methods. To make such estimates, information is required on various aspects of the accident situation (physical and chemical characteristics of the source ...

Due to accident severity and the extent of claim payments commuting accidents are a significant expense factor in the German industry. Therefore the aim of the present study was the identification of risk factors for commuting accidents in a German chemical company. A retrospective analysis of commuting ...

After the Chernobyl accident in April 1986, considerable deposition of radionuclides occurred regionally in eastern, central and northwestern Sweden. Locally, the fallout of radiocesium exceeded the remainder from atmospheric nuclear weapons tests by several magnitudes. Since the end of the 1960s samples of organs from various plant and animal species, annually collected at ...

This paper presents results of Monte Carlo modeling of the beta-radiometer device with Geiger-Mueller detector used in Belarus and Russia to measure the radioactive contamination of milk after the Chernobyl accident. This type of detector, which is not energy selective, measured the total beta-activity of the radionuclide mix. A mathematical model of the beta-radiometer ...

A retrospective ecological study of paediatric asthma patients who attended the Accident and Emergency (A and E) department of the Paediatric Priority Care Facility at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex in relation to Saharan dust visibility and other climatic variables for the period 23 May 2001 to 13 May 2002 was undertaken to determine if there ...

A retrospective ecological study of paediatric asthma patients who attended the Accident and Emergency (A&E) department of the Paediatric Priority Care Facility at the Eric Williams Medical Sciences Complex in relation to Saharan dust visibility and other climatic variables for the period 23 May 2001 to 13 May 2002 was undertaken to determine if there ...

Technical Basis Document for the Nuclear Criticality Representative Accident and Associate Represented Hazardous Conditions. Revision 2 of RPP-12371 provides accident consequence estimates for a hypothetical criticality event in an above grade facility (e...

The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was developed in 1990. These codes estimate the consequence from the accidental releases of radiological material from hypothesized accidents at nuclear installations. ...

The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was completed in 1990. These codes estimate the consequence from the accidental releases of radiological material from hypothesized accidents at nuclear installations. ...

The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was completed in 1990. These codes estimate the consequence from the accidental releases of radiological material from hypothesized accidents at nuclear installations. ...

The development of two new probabilistic accident consequence codes, MACCS and COSYMA, was developed in 1990. These codes estimate the consequence from the accidental releases of radiological material from hypothesized accidents at nuclear installations. ...

Accident rate, traffic count, accident severity index, proportion of wet surface accidents, pavement friction coefficients, highway noise levels, aggregate gradations, etc., are parameters commonly used in the transportation field. The estimated values of...

At the fifth anniversary of the Chernobyl accident the initial situation at that time, the control of the consequences to Austria in the present light, as well as the knowledge gained from the accident and its consequences are described. A final estimate ...

The report documents an investigation into the feasibility of using accident data to derive estimates of the rate at which errant vehicles unintentionally encroach into the roadside on level, tangent sections of two-lane rural roads. In addition, issues r...

As a part of the evaluation of accident management strategies for severe accident prevention or mitigation in a station blackout scenario for YGN 3 and 4, an external vessel cooling strategy for the prevention of reactor vessel failure has been estimated ...

The ultimate goal of this research effort was to gather information on the costs of marine accidents and to estimate the share of those costs that might be avoided (i.e., benefits gained) through implementation of proactive accident prevention programs by...