Consistent methodology should be adopted in accident analyses sections of SARs. These accident sections should describe both consequence and risk from potential accidents that could occur in a facility being assessed. These analyses should consider three ...

Consistent methodology should be adopted in accident analyses sections of SARs. These accident sections should describe both consequence and risk from potential accidents that could occur in a facility being assessed. These analyses should consider three general classes of ...

visibility ("weather-related accidents"). The study accomplished this goal using the case control methodology, which compared a group of accident flights to a matching group of...

Risk ranking schemes have been used in safety analysis to distinguish lower risk accidents from higher risk accidents. This is necessary to identify those events that might warrant additional study or quantitative analysis and to ensure that any resources...

In the frame of the Accidental Risk Assessment Methodology for Industries (ARAMIS) project, this paper aims at presenting the work carried out in the part of the project devoted to the definition of accident scenarios. This topic is a key-point in risk assessment and serves as basis for the whole ...

Information is presented concerning accident definition and use of event trees, event tree methodology, potential accidents covered by the reactor safety study, analysis of potential accidents involving the reactor core, and analysis of potential accidents not involving the core.

Information is presented concerning the objectives and organization of the reactor safety study; the basic concepts of risk; the nature of nuclear power plant accidents; risk assessment methodology; reactor accident risk; and comparison of nuclear risks ...

This paper presents a simple, systematic approach for developing accident scenarios using generic accident types. Result is a necessary and sufficient set of accident scenarios that can be used to establish the safety envelope for a facility or operation. Us of this approach along with the methodology of ...

Accident severity categories are used in many risk analyses for the classification and treatment of accidents involving vehicles transporting radioactive materials. Any number or definition of severity categories may be used in an analysis. A methodology which allow accident probabilities ...

Accident severity categories are used in many risk analyses for the classification and treatment of accidents involving vehicles transporting radioactive materials. Any number or definition of severity categories may be used in an analysis. A methodology which allow accident probabilities ...

Risk methodology is used to define experiments to be conducted in space which will help to construct and test the models required for accident sequence identification. The development of accident scenarios is based on the realization that whether damage o...

The system response in a transportation accident environment is an element to be considered in an overall Transportation System Risk Assessment (TSRA) framework. The system response analysis uses the accident conditions and the subsequent accident progression analysis to develop the accident ...

A methodological framework was outlined for the comprehensive risk assessment of marshalling yards in the context of quantified area risk analysis. Three accident typologies were considered for yards: (i) "in-transit-accident-induced" releases; (ii) ...

We describe a methodology for obtaining probabilistic risk estimates of deliberate unauthorized acts, integrating estimates of frequencies of serious plots, probabilities of avoiding detection and interdiction, probabilities of successful action, and consequences of the act. This methodology allows us to compare the ...

The JRC reactor safety programme involves theoretical and experimental activities to analyse accidents and their consequences for LWRs and LMFBRs. The first project deals with the improvement and the application of methodologies for risk and reliability a...

A general methodology is presented for conducting an analysis of the various aspects of the hazards associated with the storage and transportation of liquefied natural gas (LNG) which should be considered during the planning stages of a typical LNG ship terminal. The procedure includes the performance of a hazards and system analysis of the proposed site, a probability ...

A Worker Safety Assessment Methodology has been developed to assess the risks to workers from radiological accidents at non-reactor nuclear facilities. The methodology utilizes Process Hazards Analysis, proposed risk goals, and Quantitative Risk Analysis. The first phase of ...

In support of the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Accident Management Research Program, a methodology has been developed for identifying the plant information needs necessary for personnel involved in the management of an accident to diagnose that an accident is in progress, select and implement strategies ...

The use of Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA) methods to evaluate accident management strategies in nuclear power plants discussed in this paper. The PRA framework allows an integrated evaluation to be performed to give the full implications of a particular strategy. The methodology is demonstrated for a particular ...

... ACCIDENT INVESTIGATIONS, SAFETY, AVIATION ACCIDENTS, PREVENTION, MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS, RISK MANAGEMENT. ...

A state-level data base of accident and agricultural statistics has been developed to support risk assessment for transportation of spent nuclear fuels and high-level radioactive wastes. This data base will enhance the modeling capabilities for more route-specific analyses of potential risks associated with transportation of these ...

This paper provides an overview of the methodology used in a probabilistic transportation risk assessment conducted to assess the probabilities and consequences of inadvertent dispersal of radioactive materials arising from severe transportation accidents. The model was developed for the Defense Program Transportation ...

The objective of this report is to discuss the current information on methodological aspects of obtaining risk insight from seismic margins methodologies. It is feasible in the context of a seismic margins review to gain an understanding of the risk significance of important seismic-induced ...

Probabilistic Risk Assessments (PRAs) for six nuclear power plants were examined to gain insight into how the choice of analytical methods can affect the results of PRAs. The PRA scope considered was limited to internally initiated accident sequences thro...

A comprehensive summary is presented of the methods and techniques used in risk analyses. Included are discussions of initiating event selection, event tree construction, probability evaluation, consequence evaluation, and presentation of results. (DG)

Nuclear facilities containing fissionable material generally require a comprehensive safety analysis. The risk as a function of the probability and consequence must be determined for accident scenarios. This paper discusses methodology for conducting such...

In order to estimate the potential risks due to carbon fibers (CF) released from aircraft accidents, it was necessary to quantify the probability of an accident or incident at a major hub airport. This probability was contingent upon various conditions surrounding the incident including the phase of operation, aircraft type, and the ...

The purpose of this report is to describe the use of Probabilistic Risk (Safety) Assessment (PRA or PSA) at a Department of Energy (DOE) facility. PRA is a methodology for (i) identifying combinations of events that, if they occur, lead to accidents (ii) estimating the frequency of occurrence of each combination of events and (iii) ...

Information is presented concerning comments on reactor safety by governmental agencies and civilian organizations; reactor safety study methodology; consequence model; probability of accident sequences; and various accident conditions.

OIL TANKER DESIGN METHODOLOGY CONSIDERING PROBABILIS- TIC ACCIDENT DAMAGE A.J. Brown Department important components nec- essary for a systematic approach to oil tanker concept design. These are of tanker risk is a natural extension [1]. Objective attributes in the tanker application are cost and oil

Most previous Probabilistic Risk Assessments have excluded consideration of accidents initiated in low power and shutdown modes of operation. A study of the risk associated with operation in low power and shutdown is being performed at Sandia National Laboratories for a US Boiling Water Reactor (BWR). This paper describes the proposed ...

The threat of natural hazards impacting chemical facilities and infrastructures with the subsequent release of hazardous substances has been recognised as an emerging risk which is likely to be exacerbated by the ongoing climate change. Within the European FP7 project iNTeg-Risk, efforts are dedicated to address the problem of Natech ...

In previous years a new methodology was developed by researchers (Fabbrocino et al. 2005; Antonioni et al. 2007; Campedel et al. 2008) to assess major-accident risks of industrial facilities triggered by seismic events. With the application of empirically determined probit values this technique is able to estimate site specific seismic ...

Over the last two decades a growing interest for risk analysis has been noted in the industries. The ARAMIS project has defined a methodology for risk assessment. This methodology has been built to help the industrialist to demonstrate that they have a sufficient risk control on their site. ...

This paper presents a combined deterministic and probabilistic methodology for modeling hazardous waste transportation risk and expressing the uncertainty in that risk. Both the deterministic and probabilistic methodologies are aimed at providing tools useful in the evaluation of alternative management scenarios ...

Probabilistic Risk (Safety) Assessment (PRA or PSA) is an analytic methodology for identifying the combination of events that, if they occur, lead to accidents. Accidents are defined as those events causing loss or injury to people, property, or the environment. PRA also provides a method for estimating the ...

This report is the first step in the resolution of the Direct Containment Heating (DCH) issue for the Zion Nuclear Power Plant using the Risk Oriented Accident Analysis Methodology (ROAAM). This report includes the definition of a probabilistic framework ...

The US and FRG have developed methodologies to determine the performance of and fission product release from TRISO-coated fuel particles under postulated accident conditions. The paper presents a qualitative and quantitative comparison of US and FRG model...

The Reactor Safety Study Methodology Applications Program (RSSMAP) conducted risk analyses of four light water reactors. The plants studied were each designed by a different US reactor vendor and are enclosed within three different containment types. Thes...

A limited review is performed of the Severe Accident Risk Assessment for the Limerick Generating Station. The review considers the impact on the core-melt frequency of seismic- and fire-initiating events. An evaluation is performed of methodologies used for determining the event frequencies and their impacts on the plant components and ...

In 1985, the US Department of Energy initiated the Advanced Reactor Severe Accident Program (ARSAP). An overall objective of ARSAP is to resolve severe accident issues as they apply to advanced light water reactor (ALWR) design certification. A portion of ARSAP involves evaluating the use of, and establishing methodology for, the ...

Preliminary accident analyses and radiological source term evaluations have been conducted for transuranic waste (TRUW) as part of the US Department of Energy (DOE) effort to manage storage, treatment, and disposal of radioactive wastes at its various sites. The approach to assessing radiological releases from facility accidents was developed in support of ...

This paper aims at addressing the interest and appropriateness of performing accident severity analyses that are limited to fatal accident data. Two methodological issues are specifically discussed, namely the accident-size factors (the number of vehicles in the accident and their level of ...

Three studies on childhood accidents are presented. The aim was to study the importance of different factors regarding the accidents in question. The following factors have then been taken into consideration: the enviromental hazard, the accident proneness, the supervision and the education. Methodologically the ...

The 1994 Accident Sequence Precursor (ASP) human reliability analysis (HRA) methodology was developed for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) in 1994 by the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). It was decided to revise that methodology for use by the Simplified Plant Analysis ...

The 1994 Accident Sequence Precursor (ASP) human reliability analysis (HRA) methodology was developed for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) in 1994 by the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). It was decided to revise that methodology for use by the Simplified Plant Analysis ...

A programmatic Environmental Impact Statement was prepared to assess the environmental impact of destruction of the continental US stockpile of unitary lethal chemical agent and munitions. This report contains topics on: Program Disposal Alternative, Accident/Risk Analysis, Risk Measures, Uncertainties in Estimates of Impacts and ...

An evaluation of the hazards, controls, and safety issues involved in the arrival and docking of LNG carriers and the transfer, storage, and vaporization operations ashore, analysis of alternative methodologies for risk quantification, and results of several recent risk assessment studies suggest that the probability of a large-scale ...

As it is conventionally done, strategies for incorporating accident--prevention measures in any hazardous chemical process industry are developed on the basis of input from risk assessment. However, the two steps-- risk assessment and hazard reduction (or safety) measures--are not linked interactively in the existing ...

China is suffering from severe pollution accidents which may have catastrophic impacts on the local population and environment. Some questions are unclear to local governments and industry operators like "who are vulnerable to the chemical risks?" and "what is the magnitude of vulnerability?". This paper concentrates on exploring the concepts of human ...

A methodology, computational framework, and integrated PC-based database have been developed to assess the risks of facility accidents in support of the US Department of Energy (DOE) Environmental Restoration and Waste Management Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement. The methodology includes the following ...

This paper briefly describes WASH 1400 and the Lewis report. It attempts to define basic concepts such as risk and risk analysis, common mode failure, and rare event. Several probabilistic models which go beyond the WASH 1400 methodology are introduced; the common characteristic of these models is that they recognize explicitly that ...

General description of the structure and process of the probabilistic methods of assessment the external consequences in the event of nuclear accidents is presented. attention is paid in the interface with Probabilistic Safety Analysis level 3 results (so...

The volume presents the methodology and results of the integrated accident sequence analysis of the LaSalle Unit II nuclear power plant. Integrated results are obtained by merging all of the accident sequences' cut sets from the internal and external even...

Management of risk in complex domains such as aviation relies heavily on post-event investigations, requiring complex approaches to fully understand the integration of multi-causal, multi-agent and multi-linear accident sequences. The Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork methodology (EAST; Stanton et al. 2008) offers such an approach ...

A method is developed for deriving a set of equations relating the public risk in potential nuclear reactor accidents to the basic variables, such as population distributions and radioactive releases, which determine the consequences of the accidents. The equations can be used to determine the risk for different ...

This report documents the methodology, computational framework, and results of facility accident analyses performed for the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Waste Management Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement (WM PEIS). The accident sequences potentially important to human health risk are specified, their ...

The knowledge of the leakage behavior of containments beyond design conditions is required for evaluation of severe accident mitigation strategies, risk studies, emergency preparedness, planning and siting. Strategies for managing these severe accidents will be severely hampered unless a methodology for predicting ...

As part of the NUREG-1150 efforts, Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL) has undertaken a risk analysis of Zion Unit 1 adopting the methodology developed at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) under the Severe Accident Risk Rebaselining Program. Results of the preliminary version of the analysis are reported here. ...

Na-Tech (Natural and Technological) refers to industrial accidents triggered by natural events such as storms, earthquakes, flooding, and lightning. Herein, a qualitative methodology for the initial assessment of earthquake Na-Tech risk has been developed as a screening tool to identify which situations require a much more expensive ...

A translation of the Deutsche Risikostudie Kernkraftwerke, this report assesses the risks due to accidents caused by the operation of nuclear power plants in the Federal Republic of Germany. The study, performed under the direction of the Federal Ministry for Research and Technology, is organized into two phases: the current report presents an overview of ...

Results from previous space reactor and radioisotope power source risk assessments were combined to provide a scoping assessment of the possible risks from the launch of a reactor power system for use on the surface of the moon or Mars. It is assumed that future reactor power system launches would be subject to the same rigorous safety analysis and launch ...

Results from previous space reactor and radioisotope power source risk assessments were combined to provide a scoping assessment of the possible risks from the launch of a reactor power system for use on the surface of the moon or Mars. It is assumed that future reactor power system launches would be subject to the same rigorous safety analysis and launch ...

This report contains the Appendices for the Analysis of Accident Sequences and Source Terms at Waste Treatment and Storage Facilities for Waste Generated by the U.S. Department of Energy Waste Management Operations. The main report documents the methodology, computational framework, and results of facility accident analyses performed ...

A new construction method using robots is spreading widely among construction sites in order to overcome labour shortages and frequent construction accidents. Along with economical efficiency, safety is a very important factor for evaluating the use of construction robots in construction sites. However, the quantitative evaluation of safety is difficult compared with that of ...

There are objects with high level of risk of accidental releases (nuclear, chemical, bi- ological, etc). These accidents may occur during transportation of waste, natural haz- ards, human errors and various operations of the high risk. Considering an operation of the Kursk NS lifting and transportation, we suggest a ...

The 1994 Accident Sequence Precursor (ASP) human reliability analysis (HRA) methodology was developed for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (USNRC) in 1994 by the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory (INEEL). It was decided to revi...

This report evaluates the risks involved with shipping uranium ore concentrates by truck in an attempt to provide some perspective on the system safety issues. The basic probabilistic risk evaluation methodology used in this study is similar to that employed by Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) in a series of risk ...

The Department of Energy`s (DOE) non-nuclear facilities generally require only a qualitative accident analysis to assess facility risks in accordance with DOE Order 5481.1B, Safety Analysis and Review System. Achieving a meaningful qualitative assessment of risk necessarily requires the use of suitable non-numerical assessment ...

This paper demonstrates the application of a qualitative methodology for performing risk assessments using the consequence and probability binning criteria of DOE Order 5481.1B. The particular application that is the subject of this paper is a facility risk assessment conducted for Sandia National Laboratories` Kauai Test Facility ...

This report presents background information and methodology for a risk assessment of mixed oxide (MOX) reactor fuel transport in the nation of Japan to support their nuclear energy program. This work includes an extensive literature review, a review of other MOX activities worldwide, a survey of the statutory requirements for transporting nuclear ...

... craft accidents (ie, Accident Data- ... involved in civil aviation aircraft acci- ... There were 12,883 aviation accidents that occurred during the study period. ...