This report highlights the results of contractural studies of transport accident data undertaken in a joint research program sponsored by the FAA and NASA. From these accident data studies it was concluded that the greatest potential for improved transpor...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Contents: Epidemiology related to Chernobyl nuclear accident (Update on situation in the USSR, Estimation of effects from calculated doses, Specific organ sites worth considering in studies on cancer rates, Prenatal effects apart from cancer, Use of stabl...
The aim of researches developed now in France on water reactor safety is to obtain means and knowledge allowing to control accidental situations, including severe situations beyond design basis accidents. The main studies and researches concerning water r...
A maximum credible reactor accident is considered: all safety systems fail and the reactor core is not cooled anymore. This so-called meltdown accident is discussed for two different weather situations. For these cases, the effects on public health and en...
The report consist of two parts: a review of studies on psychological consequences of nuclear and radiation accidents in population and an empirical study of peoples reactions to protection actions in an event of hypothetical accident. Review is based on ...
The program covers development of safety and safety-related studies to better understand and more accurately define safety characteristics and safety margins of GCRs under postulated accident conditions. The work reported includes core seismic studies, high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) accident initiation ...
Energy Citations Database
Geographical Information System (GIS) technology has been a popular tool for visualization of accident data and analysis of hot spots in highways. Many traffic agencies have been using GIS for accident analysis. Accident analysis studies aim at the identification of high rate accident locations ...
PubMed
A textbook for a course in mine haulage safety is presented. The purpose of the course is to instruct the trainee in: (1) awareness of the need for safety in the area of mine haulage; (2) attitudes needed for safety in everyday work situations; and (3) knowledge to improve overall safety in mine haulage. The courses for accidents are discussed and case ...
The data on the assessment of the radiobiological situation and the results of clinical and epidemiological studies into the population health status, exposed to radiation because of the Chernobyl NPP accident are summarized. Appropriate regularities in soil contamination with 137Cs are ascertained. It has been shown that the disease ...
Hazard perception is the ability to read the road and is closely related to involvement in traffic accidents. It consists of both cognitive and behavioral components. Within the cognitive component, visual attention is an important function of driving whereas driving behavior, which represents the behavioral component, can affect the hazard perception of the driver. Motorcycle ...
The purpose of this work was to further the knowledge of contexts surrounding accidents on the level in occupational situations with a view to proposing suitable actions for the prevention of these accidents. The study, undertaken at three establishments belonging to a national rail transport company, was based on ...
From the aspects of the total quantity of accidents, regional inequality, enterprises scale and environmental pollution accidents, this study makes an analysis of hazardous chemical accidents in China for the period spanning from 2000 to 2006. The following results are obtained: firstly, there were lots of ...
As a result of the Commissariat a l'Energie Atomique CRAC experimental program, which studied the phenomenology and the radiological consequences of a criticality excursion in fissile solution, the EDAC system has been developed. This system detects a criticality accident and warns personnel as early as possible by triggering the necessary ...
The goal of this document is the organization of operating teams and procedures in accident and emergency situations in EDF PWR units. (Atomindex citation 24:067289)
Decisions on the application of countermeasures for accident situations must take into account the cost of these countermeasures and the feasibility of reducing the exposure. A contribution to the solution of this problem, rested on the application of the...
Using a rabbit model of lung injury to simulate fire-related transport accidents and military combat situations, our studies have demonstrated that toxic products of combustion cause a severe inflammatory reaction in the lung parenchyma as evidenced by ga...
The US Reactor Safety Study (WASH-1400), often referred to as RSS or the Rasmussen Report, sets out to estimate the risk to which the public is exposed by the possibility of an accident in one of the first 100 nuclear power stations situated in the USA. T...
A closed-loop nonlinear driver control mathematical model was developed primarily to enable a better definition of prevailing preimpact conditions for use in studies aimed at minimizing the incidence and the consequences of single vehicle accidents throug...
The impact on society of the Chernobyl accidents is assessed. The situation prior to Chernobyl with respect to regulations of radiation protection against the consequences of a major accident is considered. The development of the recommendations and regul...
Three sets of accident data files have been analyzed to obtain a greater understanding of the personal, situational, and vehicle-related factors involved in pedestrian accidents. These include all fatal pedestrian accidents contained in the Fatal Accident...
This work analyses the labour accidents in the greenhouse-construction industry of SE Spain for the period 1999-2007 through a sample of 180 accident reports. The accidents were characterised by studying 5 variables in order to know the day of the week in which the accident occurred, the hour ...
Body components of aviation accident fatalities are often scattered, disintegrated, commingled, contaminated, and/or putrefied at accident scenes. These situations may impose difficulties in victim identification/tissue matching. The prevalence of misidentification in relation to aviation accident forensic ...
The program covers development of safety and safety-related studies to better understand and more accurately define safety characteristics and safety margins of GCRs under postulated accident conditions. The work reported here includes core seismic studies, high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) accident ...
The program covers development of safety and safety-related studies to better understand and more accurately define safety characteristics and safety margins of GCRs under postulated accident conditions. The work reported includes core seismic studies, high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) accident ...
The severity of occupational accidents suffered by construction workers at different hours of the day is analyzed in this study. It may be seen that the interval of time between 13:00 and 17:00 has incomprehensibly high rates of severe and fatal accidents in comparison with any other. We associate this higher ...
This study conducts an overview of large technological systems in society to ascertain prevalence, if any, of situations that can lead to catastrophic effects where the resultant liabilities far exceed the insurances or assets subject to suit in court, thereby imposing de facto limits on liability. Several potential situations are ...
This program depicts situations, which contribute to vehicle accidents and demonstrates driving techniques on snow, ice, and wet surfaces.
Depicts situations which contribute to vehicle accidents and demonstrates driving techniques on snow, ice, and wet surfaces.
In many maritime countries, the work of sea fishermen is one of the most hazardous of occupations. The number of accidents is much greater than in other occupations on land or at sea, and the accidents themselves are often more serious. When considering the risks and hazards of fishing, one initially thinks of major risks like collisions or vessels running ...
This descriptive and exploratory study from a quantitative approach aimed to characterize workers who were victims of work accidents related to human body fluids exposure and to evaluate the accident victim care protocol. The population consisted of 48 workers who were victims of work accidents involving exposure ...
Critical decision making on a whitewater trip goes beyond simply having knowledge of safety practices. Rather, prudent decisions are arrived at through a complex interplay of diverse factors. The question is: how can outdoor educators prepare themselves and their staff to make the "right" decision when faced with a potentially dangerous situation? Experience is always the best ...
ERIC Educational Resources Information Center
Management of risk in complex domains such as aviation relies heavily on post-event investigations, requiring complex approaches to fully understand the integration of multi-causal, multi-agent and multi-linear accident sequences. The Event Analysis of Systemic Teamwork methodology (EAST; Stanton et al. 2008) offers such an approach based on network models. In this paper, we ...
All accidental criticality excursions are accompanied by neutron and gamma radiation that creates two possible types of radiation risk: (1) immediate risk for the personnel directly exposed; and (2) deferred risk in the case where an intervention team is required in the postaccident phase. These aspects, or more specifically dose measurement and the possibility of calling on intervention teams, ...
Pilot behavior during flight emergencies and incidents is studied to provide elements for the design of automated aircraft and pilot training and selection. The analysis includes experienced pilot interviews, flight incidents or accidents report analysis,...
An investigation of the potential hazard from airborne releases of depleted uranium (DU) from the Army's M829 munitions was conducted at the Pacific Northwest Laboratory. The study included: (1) assessing the characteristics of DU oxide from an April 1983 burn test, (2) postulating conditions of specific accident situations, ...
This survey looks at a sample of 450 injured motorcyclists involved in 425 accidents over a period of one year (1974). A comparison of several aspects of the accident situation between the sample and national accident data indicated that the detailed info...
Purpose of this study is to assess the environmental impacts from transportation of radioactive materials in urban environs. The impacts from accident-free transport, vehicular accidents during transport, and from other abnormal situations are analyzed. The approach is outlined including description of the models ...
MARCH 2 calculations for the TMLB' accident (a transient with loss of all ac power) at Surry provide a test bed for addressing problems with computer models in an analysis situation typical of those expected in applications of the MELCOR code system for severe accident analysis. This paper describes a sensitivity analysis for ...
Analyses of statistical data indicate that haulage accidents are one of the largest sources of injuries and fatalities in underground coal mines and that the rate of accidents in transportation has been increasing during the past few years. These previous analyses were performed by correlating accident or fatality data at a rather low ...
Thermal-mechanical analysis of a fuel pin is an essential part of the evaluation of fuel behavior during hypothetical accident transients. The FSTATE code has been developed to provide this required computational ability in situations lacking azimuthal symmetry about the fuel-pin axis by performing 2-dimensional thermal, mechanical, and fission gas release ...
DOE Information Bridge
NAVAL HEALTH RESEARCH CENTER OCCUPATION, PERSONALITY, AND ACCIDENTS: ... Page 2. Occupation, Personality, and Accidents: ...
DTIC Science & Technology
... Descriptors : (*ACCIDENTS, *WEATHER), (*BEHAVIOR, WEATHER), MOTOR VEHICLE ACCIDENTS, POLICE, CORRELATION TECHNIQUES ...
Psychological strain due to the work environment is common, especially in those occupations which involve working in critical situations. Working as a police officer seems to increase the risk of psychological problems such as symptoms of stress and post traumatic stress disorders. The aim of this study was to describe male police officers' experiences of ...
The term 'ultimate risk' is used here to describe the probabilities and radiological consequences that should be incorporated in siting, containment design and accident management of nuclear power plants for hypothetical accidents. It is closely related with the source terms specified in siting criteria which assures an adequate ...
This study aimed to determine whether two brief, low cost interventions would reduce young drivers' optimism bias for their driving skills and accident risk perceptions. This tendency for such drivers to perceive themselves as more skillful and less prone to driving accidents than their peers may lead to less engagement in ...
This book describes the road safety, accident investigation or vehicle and highway design. This book also discusses the nature and cause of road accidents. It discusses the following contents: Forward; Preface; The main features of the accident situation in Great Britain; The interacting roles of road environment, ...
The problem of road traffic accidents in developing countries is now becoming a cause for concern. This is more so as preventive measures have not kept pace with economic progress and development. This paper reviews the present situation in West Malaysia, one of the better developed countries of the East, during the period 1970 to 1975. A comparative ...
PubMed Central
... craft accidents (ie, Accident Data- ... involved in civil aviation aircraft acci- ... There were 12,883 aviation accidents that occurred during the study period. ...
The ability to respond quickly and effectively to a cardiac arrest situation rests on nurses being competent in the emergency life-saving procedure of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the types of trauma and survival of patients that require immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation in trauma emergencies. A ...
A study was conducted on the safety aspects of foreseeable accident types in connection with the Nuclear Merchant Ship Reactor program. Four accidents have been selected for analysis by analog simulation techniques: continuous rod withdrawal, startup, loss of coolant flow, and cold-water insertion. The simulation of the ...
Mortality rates were found to increase in three districts of the region (Kamensky, Bogdanovichsky, and Kamyshlovsky ones) after radiation accidents. The highest rate was characteristic of the Kamensky District. A substantial rise in mortality rates was recorded in the first decade following radiation accidents and in the 1980s and 1990s. In these ...
The recognition of the social and ethical aspects of radiation risk management has been an important part of international projects following the Chernobyl accident of 1986. This study comments on the science and policy issues in environmental risk assessment, including the social and ethical dimensions of emergency preparedness and remediation experiences ...
Progress is reported in the gas-cooled reactor (GCR) safety program. The program covers development of safety and safety-related studies to better understand and more accurately define safety characteristics and safety margins of GCRs under postulated accident conditions. The work reported here includes core seismic studies, ...
Crisis handling in most kinds of disasters is affected by e.g. the information situation, prior experience and preparedness, availability of resources, efficiency of leadership and coordination, and type of disaster. A nuclear accident creates a situation...
After the Chernobyl accident at no stage did the radiation situation in Finland require actual protective action, such as taking shelter indoors or in civil defence shelters. Civil defence plans for emergency situations include a warning level at 200 (mu)...
The contacting of two liquid materials, one of which is at a temperature substantially above the boiling point of the other, can lead to explosive vapourisation and the development of disruptive mechanical forces. These phenomena are of considerable interest in the study and assessment of Fast Reactor safety, in postulated accident ...
Twenty traffic officers previously involved in preventible accidents during pursuits were matched with a group of officers of similar age and experience who had not had this type of accident (accident-free). Both groups drove an instrumented car at high s...
At the fifth anniversary of the Chernobyl accident the initial situation at that time, the control of the consequences to Austria in the present light, as well as the knowledge gained from the accident and its consequences are described. A final estimate ...
The following materials are based upon actual helicopter air ambulance accidents, which cover four broad accident types most recently associated with aeromedical accidents: night flying, weather, obstacle strikes, and mechanical failures. Three types of i...
... Culture Conference, AIDS Research, Environmental, Natural resource, New Union, Radioactive Accident, Racism, Ecological Situation. ...
... is possible for an error trajectory to pass through the system, which will result in an accident or mishap, hence the analogy of a 'Swiss cheese' model ...
This study is a situational analysis of the health care services for attending accidents and violence, in Curitiba, focusing the general conditions of infrastructure, planning and support at the pre-hospital assistance level, considering mobile and fixed emergency services dedicated to the victimized elderly. Positive points were ...
Nuclear power plant operator training involves the use of practice simulators. This paper discusses how several kinds of simulators are used: function simulators, making it possible to understand how the most sensitive main systems operate (for instance, reactor control), full-scope simulators, giving a realistic representation of two-phase operation in accident conditions, a ...
The present study aims at identifying existing and emerging Intelligent Transport System (ITS) that have the possibility to enhance the safety of motorcycle rider. A review of the literature revealed that very few commercially available ITS currently exist specifically for motorcycles, although several emerging technologies were identified. Consultations with international ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
This study investigated the hypothesis that adults are faster than adolescents in responding to risks. Twenty-six adolescents (M ( age ) = 15 years) and 26 adults (M ( age ) = 47 years) responded to risky situations (e.g. 'Is it a good idea to drive a car while having drunk alcohol?') and non-risky situations (e.g. ' � wear a helmet ...
Identification of vessel failures provides operators and technical support center personnel with important information to manage severe accidents in a nuclear power plant. It may be very difficult, however, for operators to identify a reactor vessel failure simply by watching temporal trends of some parameters because they have not experienced severe ...
A traffic accident on a major freeway snarls traffic. While the cars involved in the accident appear to have sustained significant damage, the incident has not yet been reported to local police or emergency medical services and, consequently, no response vehicles are on the scene to reroute traffic or treat any potential injuries. However, traffic cameras ...
E-print Network
The aim of the present study was to explore contextual and individual factors associated with acute stress reactions in three Norwegian submarine crews exposed to different significant peacetime maneuver accidents. Approximately 2 to 3 weeks after the accidents, crew members completed the Coping Style Questionnaire, the General Health ...
An analysis was performed to provide guidance to policymakers concerning the effectiveness of potassium iodide (KI) as a thyroid blocking agent in potential reactor accident situations, the distance to which (or area within which) it should be distributed, and its relative effectiveness compared to other available protective measures. The analysis was ...
According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), industrial radiography accounts for approximately half of all reported accidents for the nuclear related industry. Detailed information about these accidents have been published by the IAEA in its Safety Report Series, one of which describes the radiological accident which ...
Finite-element-methods computer programs that approximate the solution to the advection-diffusion equation are discussed for planetary boundary layer modeling. It has application in regional modeling studies and in real-time accident situations relative to air pollution monitoring. (PCS)
The periodic occurrence of large-scale, potentially disastrous individual accidents involving fire in hazardous environments, such as oilwell blowouts and petrochemical explosions, highlights the need for an integrated approach to fire safety engineering. Risk reduction by design and rapid response are of equal importance in the saving of life and property in such ...
... Title : Accident Data Systems Study Requirements Analysis for an FAA Accident Data System. Descriptive Note : Final rept. Oct 77-Jul 79,. ...
