This manual documents a recommended methodology for determining the ingestion pathway consequences of hypothetical accidental airborne radiological releases from facilities at the Savannah River Site. Both particulate and tritiated radioactive contaminant...

Numerous atmospheric dispersion models have been developed for use in the nuclear industry. Such models are used to determine relative concentrations of airborne radionuclides at various locations as a result of routine or accidental releases from nuclear...

Experimental data and analytical models that should be considered in assessing the transport properties of plutonium aerosols following a hypothetical reactor accident have been examined. Behaviors of released airborne materials within the reactor contain...

The report presents a mathematical model for the purpose of predicting the fraction of human population which would die within 1 year of an accidental exposure to airborne radionuclides. The model is based on data from laboratory experiments with rats, do...

This manual documents a recommended methodology for determining the ingestion pathway consequences of hypothetical accidental airborne radiological releases from facilities at the Savannah River Site. Both particulate and tritiated radioactive contaminants are addressed. Other approaches should be applied for evaluation of routine ...

... Directive SUBJECT Release of Information Concerning Accidental Casualties ___- Involving Military Personnel or Equipment ...

The intentional or accidental release of airborne chemical, biological, or radiological materials can pose a significant threat to the health of building occupants. Pre-planning and emergency response measures, such as HVAC system manipulation and sheltering during an event, can significantly reduce the exposure of building occupants. ...

Conservatism in the calculation of the effective dose following an airborne release from an accident involving a fuel reprocessing waste tank is examined. Within the regulatory constraints at the Hanford Site, deterministic effective dose calculations are conservative by at least an order of magnitude. Deterministic calculations should be used with caution ...

Emergency response to airborne releases of radiative material requires estimating potential doses to downwind populations. This paper reports that emergency response personnel estimate radiation doses as accurately as possible; however, uncertain ties and biases in this process often introduce an over-conservatism in the final estimate. The process for ...

The manual discusses reducing the risk associated with an accidental release of chlorine. It identifies examples of potential causes of accidental releases that apply to processes that use chlorine, as well as measures that may be taken to reduce the accidental release ...

... was through accidental release from a private research facility. ...

... as the reinforcement in filamentary composite materials brought up the possibility of accidental release of carbon fibers from the burning of crashed ...

Intentional or accidental large-scale airborne toxic release (e.g. terrorist attacks or industrial accidents) can cause severe harm to nearby communities. Under these circumstances, taking shelter in buildings can be an effective emergency response strate...

Activities in the following fields are summarized: waste concentration and storage (corrosion of mild steel, tank leaks), Pu recovery from incinerator ashes, plutonium trenches, tank farms, prevention of accidental releases (airborne release, biological i...

At the Lawrence Livermore Laboratory, a computer code based on the Gaussian plume model is used to estimate radiation doses from routine or accidental release of airborne radioactive material. Routine releases of tritium have been used as a test of the overall uncertainty associated with these estimates. The ration ...

SUBDOSA calculates external gamma and beta doses to individuals from the accidental release of radionuclides to the atmosphere. Doses are calculated as a function of: quantity released, duration of release, atmospheric conditions during the release, and horizontal distance from the ...

... ballast water discharge, intentional release as forage for sport fish, and accidental release from aquaculture facilities. ...

An airborne differential absorption lidar system employing high-energy line-tunable CO/sub 2/ lasers has been used to map cross-plume vertical distributions resulting from a near-surface SF/sub 6/ tracer gas release. The remote SF/sub 6/ tracer measurement technique may be suitable to evaluate distributions of toxic and hazardous materials ...

Experiments were performed using uranine and UNH solutions. Data on total mass airborne followed the following correlation: g = -0.013-0.000015 (Volume, cm/sup 3/) + 0.0003 (Pressure, psi). (DLC)

Experiments were performed using uranine and UNH solutions. Data on total mass airborne followed the following correlation: g = -0.013-0.000015 (Volume, cm exp 3 ) + 0.0003 (Pressure, psi). (ERA citation 08:001791)

iodide scintillometer is described for detecting and measuring ground contamination. The monitor is suitable for use in cases where isotopes are released accidentally to the atmosphere or where the area is large and foot or road travel is difficult. Circuit diagrams are presented for the amplifier and counting-rate circuit. The method used in ...

A mathematical model was constructed for the purpose of predicting the fraction of human population which would die within 1 year of an accidental exposure to airborne radionuclides. The model is based on data from laboratory experiments with rats, dogs and baboons, and from human epidemiological data. Doses from external, whole-body irradiation and from ...

The report presents a mathematical model for the purpose of predicting the fraction of human population which would die within 1 year of an accidental exposure to airborne radionuclides. The model is based on data from laboratory experiments with rats, dogs and baboons, and from human epidemiological data. Doses from external, whole-body irradiation and ...

The report discusses the control of accidental releases of ammonia to the atmosphere. Ammonia has an IDLH (immediately dangerous to life and health) concentration of 500 ppm, making it an acute toxic hazard. Reducing the risk associated with an accidental release of ammonia invol...

This thesis studied the management of hazard assessment of accidental releases and identified some relevant methods and how they could be used to optimize assessment of accidental releases to the environment. Further, the thesis produced an approach to ha...

The paper discusses control and mitigation systems for accidental releases of toxic chemicals. A review of the control/mitigation system data base developed during an EPA study reveals that the major control measure employed by industry for accidental releases is routine process ...

Saftey assessments and environmental impact statements for facilities require an estimation of airborne releases. Aerosols generated by accidents are being investigated to develop the source terms for these releases. The lower boundry accidental release event would be a free fall spill of ...

Safety assessments and environmental impact statements for nuclear fuel cycle facilities require an estimate of potential airborne releases caused by accidents. Aerosols generated by accidents are being investigated by Pacific Northwest Laboratory to develop the source terms for these releases. An upper boundary ...

This document contains recommendations on appropriate human physiological and dosimetric parameters for use in assessing doses in the short term following an accidental release of radioactive contamination to the atmosphere during a nuclear emergency. It focuses on the exposure pathways expected to deliver the greatest radiation dose under this scenario, ...

Massive amounts of extremely hazardous substances (EHSs) can be released accidentally as a result of chemical spills, industrial explosions, fires, or accidents involving railroad cars and trucks transporting EHSs. The people in communities surrounding industrial facilities where EHSs are manufactured, used, or stored, and in communities along the ...

The paper considers the potential for damage from the accidental release of conductive carbon fibers

... Title : The Potential for Accidental Release of Carbon/Graphite Fibers from Resin Matrix Composites as Determined by Thermogravimetric Analysis. ...

An analysis of the heat transport and water detritiation systems of ITER has been performed in order to determine major pathways for tritium loss and estimate releases during normal operation (operational tritium release). Heavy water escape and tritium release estimates compiled on the basis of operating experiences of typical CANDU ...

This Primer is designed for use by operations and maintenance personnel to improve their knowledge of tritium safe handling practices. It is applicable to many job classifications and can be used as a reference for classroom work or for self-study. It is presented in general terms for use throughout the DOE Complex. After reading it, one should be able to: describe methods of measuring ...

The staff concludes that for representative sites, there are differences in the impacts of accidental radioactive releases to the hydrosphere between floating nuclear plants (FNPs) and land-based plants (LBPs) of the ice-condenser type. The consequences of releases from design basis accidents are found to be lower for an FNP than for ...