Crotalid venom exposure to the eye is uncommon. A 40-year-old woman sustained an accidental mucus membrane exposure of rattlesnake venom to her face and right eye. She was successfully treated with irrigation, topical antibiotics, and intravenous crotalid antivenin. PMID:18403167
PubMed
The project was carried out in response to the increasing incidence of eye injuries, particularly of the retina and choroid, as a result of accidental and other exposures to medium to high energy lasers in the military environment. This research was direc...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Data on the exposure of the eyes of experimental animals to laser radiation are analyzed. A method is developed for the calculation of the maximum permissible levels of laser radiation for the accidental exposure of an eye. The maximum permissible levels are presented for a laser pulse duration ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
, are among the most frequently reported sources of laser-induced eye injuries, with many reported instances of permanent damage to vision [4]. A survey of the 100 accidental, non-medical laser-induced eye injuries data on eye injuries actually caused by exposure to GLPs. The light from a GLP ...
E-print Network
... Analysis for plasma protein biomarkers following an accidental human exposure to sulfur mustard ... Accidental Human Exposure to Sulfur Mustard ...
DTIC Science & Technology
This book the effects of human exposure to dioxins and documents the measures taken to remove these poisons from the environment and ensure the management of future accidental contaminations.
Energy Citations Database
The accidental release of methyl isocyanate gas in Bhopal, India, was reported to cause temporary blindness and other eye injuries in many of the exposed people. Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is known to be corrosive and to irritate intact skin and mucous membranes, but little is known about the extent of ocular damage incurred during ...
The delayed health effects from accidental exposure to bromine vapors in a group of six people were evaluated. During the acute exposure, they had only some respiratory symptoms and skin burns of first to second degree involving small areas. All were treated in one hospital and released within 1-4 d. Six to 8 wk later, some still had ...
The potential hazards to the eye and skin from accidental exposures caused by reflected laser beams from surgical instruments has long been of concern to operating room staff members. Reflectance values for argon neodymium:YAG and CO2 laser wave-lengths were measured from 29 reference surfaces used on surgical instruments. From these ...
A 43-year-old male who worked in the food processing industry presented with a painful, red eye following an accidental exposure to turkey bile. A large epithelial defect was noted which healed slowly over a week. The possible mechanism of injury is discussed. PMID:21320031
The milky sap or latex of Euphorbia plant is highly toxic and an irritant to the skin and eye. This report illustrates the spectrum of ocular inflammation caused by accidental inoculation of latex of Euphorbia plant. Three patients presented with accidental ocular exposure to the milky sap of Euphorbia species of ...
PubMed Central
Safety has always been an important aspect of any laser application in surgery and medicine. In any review of the laser surgery literature, several issues continue to dominate. These issues include: wearing eye protectors, dealing with the plume of vaporized tissue, and controlling potential fire hazards. No one denies that lasers can pose a serious hazard to the ...
The damage to 13 workers following accidental exposures was assessed from lymphocyte chromosomal aberrations, and the results compared with those supplied by physical dosimetry and the clinical syndromes. (FR)
An active duty marine corps service member had bilateral full thickness macular holes induced following accidental Q-switched laser exposure from a hand held Neodymium range finder (ANGVS-5). The right eye had a large hole nasal to the fovea, while the left eye had a much smaller hole closer to the fovea centralis. ...
A general model is presented for evaluating the accidental risk of radiological exposure to the population from a boiling water reactor, where accidental risk is defined as the sum of the products of the probabilities and the consequences for all conceiva...
Information is presented for these inorganic azides: barium azide, cesium azide, hydrazoic acid, lead azide, lithium azide, potassium azide, rubidium azide, silver azide, and sodium azide. The data given for each compound includes chemical structure, synonyms, chemical and physical properties, production information, uses, manufacturers and distributors, manufacturing processes, impurities and ...
... WEAPONS AND THOSE EXPOSED TO CHEMICAL WARFARE (CW) AGENTS. ... AND ACCIDENTAL EXPOSURES TO CHEMICALS USED IN ...
During the past 40 years a wide body of biomedical research has been conducted to understand the factors which influence injury to optical radiation-particularly with respect to the eye. A primary motivation for much of this research has been the advent of lasers, since focal damage of the retina from a collimated beam exposure is possible at some ...
A 21 year old female was accidentally exposed in both eyes when she looked into the 10 cm exit aperture of a military laser designator emitting 1064 nm q-switched (30 ns) pulses at a 10 pulse per second rate. Steroid therapy (methylprednisolone sodium succinate) was initiated within 6 hours post exposure. Initial ophthalmoscopic ...
The unprotected human eye is extremely sensitive to laser radiation and can be permanently damaged from direct or reflected beams. Two cases of retinal injury by laser exposure outside hospital setting are reported. Two patients presented in retina clinic in Al-Bahar eye center in Kuwait with complaints of decrease in vision following ...
... exposure levels for microwave irradiation is important since new, more powerful emitters are developed and the potential for accidental exposure is ...
Ocular injuries resulting from exposure to laser beams are relatively uncommon since there is normally a low probability of a relatively small-diameter laser beam entering the pupil of an eye. This has been the accident experience to date with lasers used in the research laboratory and in industry. A review of the accident data suggests that at least one ...
Proton irradiation of the rabbit's eye resulted in injuries of the same nature as those from other ionizing radiations, yet the evolution of the pathological processes thus induced were different since the injuries became stabilized at a precise stage of cataractogenesis. The localization of the radiosensitive sites was verified and a lack of LET effect was ...
First Aid Measures Potentially harmful. Avoid prolonged or repeated exposure. Wash thoroughly after handling. If eye or skin contact occurs, wash affected area with water for 15 minutes and seek medical advice. If inhaled, move individual to fresh air and seek medical advice. If swallowed, seek medical advice. Fire Fighting Measures Use dry chemical powder ...
Cancer.gov
Laser accidents and incidents are an unfortunate but nevertheless critical source of information for those involved in laser safety standards, medical research and training. Laser safety standards are based on quantitative animal research as well as lessons learned from retinal injury induced by accidental human laser exposure. Laser accident case analyses ...
The skin and eyes remain in constant exposure to the surrounding environment and are subject to accidental, occupational, and biological risks at all times, Normal development, homeostasis, and repair following injury depend upon appropriate levels of calcium, zinc, magnesium, copper, iron, and minute amounts of other trace metals. ...
We report a case of anisocoria in a 6-year old child who felt out of an inflatable swimming pool in the garden. After instillation of pilocarpine 1% the dilated pupil constricted, which is an important clinical sign associated with intracranial trauma. There was evidence of exposure to angel's trumpet (Brugmansia arborea), a plant known to contain anticholinergic substances. ...
The preplant fumigants, metam-sodium, metam-potassium, and dazomet undergo decomposition to the biocide methyl isothiocyanate (MITC) in moist soils. Since MITC vapor can migrate from its site of application, we developed an estimate of health protective concentrations for airborne exposures to MITC that prevents effects among bystanders near treated agricultural fields. Our ...
Here, we report the case of a patient who sustained Nd: YAG laser macular injury with subsequent 6 year follow-up evaluation. A 23-year-old female was accidentally exposed to a Q-switched Nd: YAG laser without protective goggles. Upon initial evaluation, the best-corrected visual acuity of her affected eye was 20/100 OD. Fundoscopic examination revealed a ...
Much of the information on the health effects of radiation exposure available to date comes from long-term studies of the atomic bombings in Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Accidental exposures, such as those resulting from the Chernobyl and Kyshtym accidents, have as yet provided little information concerning health effects of ionizing ...
Laser hazards on the modern battlefield include numerous applications with the potential for eye damage from both pulsed and high luminance continuous energy laser devices. The multitude of laser devices deployed both by friendly and threat forces represent a significant hazard to vision, and consequently duty performance. Increased application of high luminance devices for ...
The methodology for analysis of exposures to mixtures of materials accidentally released from DOE facilities was approved by SCAPA in April 1996. An action item from that meeting was to provide examples as to how this methodology would be applied to speci...
Following an accidental human exposure to a vesicating agent, plasma samples were analyzed for specific biomarkers of sulfur mustard. One individual suffered chemical burns over 6.5% of the body surface area and required hospitalization; the second indivi...
... Topics discussed in this report include: cold ... frostbite, eye conditions, infectious diseases, psychological stresses ... Due to much controversy in the ...
This segment from Swift: Eyes through Time traces the history military officers and engineers discovering a strange phenomenon in the sky that astronomers now know are gamma-ray bursts.
NSDL National Science Digital Library
... Abstract : This report is a summary of the USAF Air Force experience in the realm of accidental overexposures to radiofrequency radiation (RFR). ...
The number of emergency responses to accidental, acute exposure. e. The number of hazard-control measures initiated. ...
NASA Website
... Primary hazards to personnel working with these agents may include accidental autoinoculation, ingestion, and skin or mucus membrane exposure ...
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)
... permanently disabling toxic substance, and new field trials to study prussian blue's efficacy after an accidental or hostile exposure to cesium-137 or thallium ...
Center for Drug Evaluation (CDER)
... Title : Functional Assessment of Laser Irradiation. Descriptive Note : Final rept. ... Implications for accidental human exposures are presented. (Author). ...
... The potential for occupational or accidental skin exposure to chemicals requires a full understanding of chemical absorption through the skin. ...
... Antimicrobials in the Management of Post-Irradiation Infection ... The threat of accidental or hostile exposure to ionizing irradiation is of great concern. ...
A scotoma or blindspot was generated in human subjects using an eye-controlled computer display to simulate retinal effects of accidental laser exposure. Visual search time and eye behavior were measured during search for acuity targets while a simulated brightspot or scotoma afterimage blocked the foveal visual ...
... RADIATION. PART II - BIOMEDICAL EFFECTS ON THE EYE FROM EXPOSURE TO MICROWAVES AND IONIZING RADIATIONS. ...
Legal entanglements prevent publication of details on most laboratory and industrial laser accidents in the USA. Many macular injuries involving the fovea show no signs of recovery after several years. Both single eye (usually the dominant one) and binocular exposures are found usually resulting in large deficits in visual performance. The primary lesion ...
No OSHA or other occupational health exposure limit has been established. Accidental needle stick or open wound exposure to rhIL-12 could potentially cause serious adverse health effects.
... of proposed and existing radio-frequency (RF) radiation standards on ... of RF energy, long-term exposure, accidental exposure, epidemiological ...
Hundreds of substances are used daily that can damage eyesight. People's eyes are open to accidental or intentional exposure during the production, transportation, use, and disposal of chemical preparations. Ensuring the safety of consumer products was born during the mid twentieth century in the aftermath of chemical warfare research, ...
... at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) is concerned with the mechanism by which microwave exposure produces cataracts in the eye ...
... Abstract : A research program is concerned with the mechanism by which microwave exposure produces cataracts in the eye lens. ...
... tasks. Keywords: Vision; Vision models; Lasers; Glare; Adaptation flashblindness; Scotoma; Eye protection. Descriptors ...
... YAG laser exposure produced an unexpected ... Descriptors : , RETINA, EYE, RADIATION INJURIES, OPHTHALMOLOGY, VISION ...
Six electrical workers accidentally exposed to degradation products of sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) during electrical repair work were followed up for one year. One degradation product, sulphur tetrafluoride (SF4), was identified from worksite measurements. Unprotected exposure in an underground enclosed space occurred for six hours over a 12 hour period. ...
... Based on laboratory eye injury data, we calculated the ... eye focuses on the laser beam, low irradiation exposure may cause serious eye injuries. ...
OBJECTIVE--The admission to hospital of three construction workers with acute respiratory distress caused by inhalation of chlorine gas prompted the inspection of a building site located in a kraft pulpmill. The accidental emissions had taken place in the bleach plant and the construction workers assigned there were surveyed to uncover possible large scale health effects. ...
The case histories of five patients accidentally exposed to anticholinesterase compounds (sarin or soman) are presented. The circulating cholinesterase of one patient severely exposed to soman was refractory to oxime reactivation; this patient also had ps...
This report presents an historical account of the experiences of the Brookhaven Medical team in the examination and treatment of the Marshallese people following their accidental exposure to radioactive fallout in 1954. This is the first time that a popul...
This paper deals with the handling of accidental, acute or protracted, whole-body overexposures. It is complementary to the report DPS 86/07 SEAPS previously published. The criteria for initial classification, as a function of the mean absorbed dose, the ...
Seven different methods were used to estimate the dose rate to a female worker who was accidentally exposed in the neutron PHOENIX beamline at the IPNS. Theoretical and measured entrance dose ranged from 550 mrem/min to 2850 mrem/min. Theoretical estimate...
...only and not for use in food-producing animals. Users with cardiovascular disease (for example, hypertension or ischemic heart disease) should take special precautions to avoid accidental exposure to this product. Accidental spillage on the...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010
Hazards to eyes in the chemistry laboratory include exposure to chemicals from vapors and splashed liquids, impact from broken glass and other solids in the event of an explosion, and exposure to ultraviolet lamps.
Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor arising from endothelial cells of blood vessels or lymphatic channels. Therapeutic irradiation, thoriumdioxide administration, pyothorax, and polyvinyl chloride exposure have been shown to be predisposing factors for developing angiosarcoma. Accidental radiation exposure has not been associated ...
A 60-year-old laboratory technician developed pulmonary infiltrates consistent with chemical pneumonitis following accidental exposure to a mixture of hydrogen bromide and phosphorus tribromide. A protracted clinical course ensued consistent with bronchiolitis obliterans. These problems may have been avoided if the potential for subsequent damage had been ...
Ammonia is a colorless gas with a repellent odor. It is a naturally occurring compound in the environment; however, it is also released into the environment from ammonia-production facilities and during the manufacture and use of ammonia-containing products. It is a central compound in the environmental cycling of nitrogen and is involved in major processes such as mineralization, nitrification, ...
We evaluated retinal morphologic and visual functional changes in two individuals accidentally exposed to argon laser 'flashback' from an incorrectly placed laser protective filter while viewing a routine argon laser trabeculoplasty. These exposures, measured in the absence of a patient's eye, are in the region of the maximal ...
Accidental laser exposure to the eyes may result in serious visual impairment due to retina degeneration. Currently limited treatment is available for laser eye injury. In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) for laser-induced retinal trauma. Lineage ...
During this decade, lasers on the modern battlefield will become a directed energy threat to the eyes of ground force military personnel (1, 2, 3). One needs only to reflect on the enormous increase in electro-optical battlefield devices presently being developed to both train and equip troops for combat to suspect that a dramatic increase in accidental ...
A method is given for predicting the distances at which the thermal radiation from nuclear detonations will be hazardous to the unprotected human eye. This method relates calculated retinal exposure to experimentally determined eye effects data. Eye hazar...
There is a crucial shortage of methods capable of determining the extent of accidental exposures of human beings to ionizing radiation. However, knowledge of individual exposures is essential for early triage during radiological incidents to provide optim...
The mathematical basis is presented for computation of the expected number of stochastic somatic fatalities as a consequence of radiation exposure for relevant exposure pathways in the aftermath of a nuclear accident. On the basis of these fundamentals, e...
Protection of uranium mill workers from occupational exposure to uranium through routine bioassay programs and the assessment of accidental worker exposures are addressed. Comparisons of chemical properties and the biological behavior of refine uranium or...
Ozone can be found in essentially all locations in the troposphere. Too much exposure of vegetation and humans to this potent oxidizing gas can prove toxic. Reports of human toxicity to ozone first appeared in the 1800's from accidental occupational exposures when ozone was fir...
EPA Science Inventory
... eye Exposure to ultraviolet light (sunlight, sunlamps, or welding arcs) Prolonged use of contact lenses An allergy to ...
MedlinePLUS
... to exposure and infection of the cornea, the transparent, dome-shaped "window" that lies directly over the ...
Ammonia (NH3) is a highly water-soluble, colorless, irritant gas with a unique pungent odor. Liquid ammonia stored under high pressure is still widely used for refrigeration in cold stores used for storing grains. Severe toxicity may occur following accidental exposure. We report an interesting case of accidental ...
... Although there are numerous published works investigating the progression of toxic signs elicited by sarin (GB) exposures, both by accidental ...
This presentation detail information on current and proposed standards, recommendations, and guidances for limiting routine and accidental radiation exposures of the public. It also reviews certain laws and regulations intended primarily for limiting expo...
... Loss of foveal vision from disease or accidental exposure to bright light seriously impairs visual functions like reading and visual search. ...
... Abstract : Loss of central visual field, or foveal scotoma, due to accidental exposure to laser light or macular disease can cause serious impairments ...
... who evaluated risks to the crew in case of accidental exposure; the NASA animal care and use panel, who evaluated impacts of their use on animal welfare ...
ISO and IAEA, the goal of the new symbol is "to help reduce needless deaths and serious injuries from accidental exposure to large radioactive sources." The new symbol is...
Science.gov Websites
This is a comprehensive review and analysis of biokinetic and dosimetric information for those radionuclides most likely to be involved in accidental exposures to workers or members of the public or used in radiological terrorism.
... THE HUMAN ENVIRONMENT 17. Indoor air quality - radon 18. ... Exposure to radiation (other than radon) 21. Accidental chemical releases ...
This revised book covers over 19,000 industrial and lab materials - synonyms; NIOSH, CAS numbers; how to handle accidental exposure.
The number of emergency responses to accidental, acute exposure. e. The number of hazard-control measures initiated. f. Reduction in the number of ...
... Problem Loss of foveal vision from disease or accidental exposure to bright light seriously impairs visual functions like reading and visual search. ...
... Abstract : Loss of the central visual field, or foveal scotoma, due to accidental exposure to laser light or macular disease can cause serious ...
Accidental exposure to the blood of hepatitis B patients produced less fear than does accidental exposure today to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), even though both have an approximately equal overall risk of death (approximately 1%). Subjects responding to hypothetical insect-exposure ...
An epidemiological health study compared the health status of residents of a town exposed to an accidental Catacarb chemical release from an adjacent oil refinery, with the health status of demographically similar residents of an unexposed town in the region. Few studies of Catacarb's effects on humans exist; however, animal studies have shown it to be a respiratory, ...
Battlefield and accidental laser-induced retinal injuries can produce significant retinal scarring and permanent vision loss. Lasers have become an integral part of military weapon system. The proliferation of lasers in battlefield and workplace environme...
The project is a study of the effects of long term exposure of the eye to laser radiation. The data is for four hour, wide field exposures at levels below immediate damage threshold for rabbit and monkey eyes. The report compares the thresholds for white ...
... Title : Investigation of Ocular Effects of Chronic Exposures of Primates ... eye damage can be caused by chronic, low-level exposure to microwaves ...
This paper describes a program of mutual cooperation between a defense contractor and the line and medical service of the USAF in controlling potential exposures to hydrazine as it is used on the F-16 aircraft. The early involvement of USAF industrial hygienists in the evaluation of exposures to hydrazine during various maintenance activities is described. ...
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the effects of exposure of the eye to ultraviolet (UV) radiation and to provide information from which protective criteria and standards may be established. To accomplish this purpose, the article discusses ultraviolet radiation, absorption of UV radiation by the eye, the effects of ocular ...
PURPOSE: To analyze and compare the postoperative outcomes of eyes with accidental intraoperative inversion of implantable collamer lens (ICL) and viscocannula-assisted reinversion in high myopia. DESIGN: Retrospective observational case comparison. METHODS: Setting: Institutional practice. Patients: Consecutive eyes with ...
EYE EXPOSURE In case of contact with eyes, flush with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Assure adequate flushing by separating the eyelids with fingers. Call a physician.
... Abstract : The eyes of rhesus monkeys ... Descriptors : *Retina, *Radiation injuries, *Neodymium lasers ... Laser hazards, Lasers, Eye, Burns(Injuries ...
... patients (12 eyes) and 9 control myopes (17 eyes) had the following measured at sea level: cycloplegic and manifest refraction, kerntometry, and ...
... NTP) of the National Institutes of Health on m ... Direct dermal and eye exposures to this product are ... a high degree of acute toxicity to the eyes and skin ...
EPA Pesticide Factsheets
... The objective of this program was an investigation of the effects of helium-neon laser radiation on the eye. All exposures were of 10 second duration ...
The post-exposure hepatitis study was designed to determine whether the anti-HBs titer of immune serum globulin would be paralleled by relative effectiveness in prophylaxis of hepatitis B among medical personnel accidentally exposed to serum believed to b...
The Post-Exposure Hepatitis Study has completed two years of work (July 1972-July 1974) to determine the extent to which medical personnel accidentally exposed to hepatitis-infective serum could be protected by administration of gamma globulin preparation...
A case of acute radiation syndrome due to, accidental exposure to Co/sup 60/ is presented. Based on physical considerations, the dose received was estimated to be between 250 to 300 r. The clinical picture corresponded closely to that of the hematologic form of acute radiation syndrome. The patient was hospitalized in protective isolation and ...
The increased incidence of thyroid nodularity and carcinoma appearing as a late effect after exposure of the human thyroid to ionizing radiation is well-recognized. Despite the high prevalence of thyroid nodularity in Marshallese inadvertently exposed to ...
Accidental exposure to hot water steam is a potential risk in the French Navy, and particularly on nuclear submarines or ships. Direct human exposure to this extreme environment during an accident leads to death in a short time. In order to protect the cr...
This work define procedures and controls about ionizing radiations. Between some definitions it found the following topics: radiation dose, risk, biological effects, international radioprotection bodies, workers exposure, accidental exposure, emergencies ...
Two pituitary tumors were diagnosed in a small population of Marshallese accidentally exposed to radioactive fallout in 1954. Endocrinologic findings in the exposed population, are reported and the possible relation of the tumors to radiation exposure and thyroid disease is discussed.
Normal tissue response and injury after exposure to ionizing radiation are of great importance to patients with cancer, populations potentially subjected to military, accidental or intentional exposure, and workers in the nuclear power industry.
Since monomethylhydrazine (MMH) injected i.v. produces severe methemoglobinemia in anesthetized dogs, but not in rats, rabbits, or guinea pigs, the question arose whether, in case of accidental exposure of man to MMH, the blood methemoglobin level could p...
Chromosome aberration frequency provides the most reliable biological marker of dose for detecting acute accidental radiation exposure. Significant radiation-induced changes in the frequency of chromosome aberrations can be detected at very low doses. Our...
An attempt is made to identify the inhalation hazards associated with the over-exposure of workers and of the general public, following an accidental release of uranium hexafluoride. Maximum emergency concentrations are recommended for periods of 10, 30, ...
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common problem encountered in a wide variety of settings, including both suicide attempts and accidental exposures. Fatal CO exposure occurred in two wound, healthy mountain climbers who succumbed to fumes generated by ...
Industrial radiography using the man-made radioisotope iridium 192 is commonplace in the southern states. Despite established procedures and safeguards, accidental exposure may result in typical acute radiodermatitis. We have presented a clinical example of this phenomenon.9 references.
It is known from experimental studies that antigenic potency and the concentration of antigen determine whether exposure to an antigen will result in sensitization. A single accidental exposure to concentrated antigen may therefore induce primary sensitization. The purpose of this report was to collect clinical cases in which a single ...
An accidental discharge of a Halon 1301 system is reported. Thirty-one workers were assessed, 22 who were present at the time of the discharge, and 9 who worked the next shift. The incident was complicated by a small Freon-22 leak several hours later. Throat, eye, and nasal irritation and lightheadedness were reported by the majority of workers. Workers ...
This study was designed to evaluate the toxic effects associated with accidental skin and eye contact. A single neat dose of 0.1 mL T17-2 into NZW rabbit eyes resulted in slight conjunctivae irritation one hour after treatment. Single treatment of 0.5 mL ...
The injurious effects of different wavelength laser with various operating mode and exposure doses on eyes were reported. Comparison of laser damage effects on eyes was conducted between rabbits with different extent of pigment. The ratio of laser damage ...
The domestic market for home-use hair removal devices is rapidly expanding and there are numerous intense pulsed light (IPL) products now available globally to consumers. Technological challenges for the design of such devices include the need to be cost-effective in mass production, easy to use without training, and most importantly, clinically effective while being eye-safe. ...
A 19-year-old man sustained a bilateral coagulation of the macula caused accidentally by a ruby laser rangefinder mounted on a tank. Five days later vision was OD 0.7, OS 0.05; there was a distinct disk of coagulation of the retinal pigment epithelium with clumping of melanin granula, more in the left eye than in the right, and subretinal hemorrhage on the ...
A detailed theoretical analysis is carried out of the transmission of laser radiation, formed by a laser perforator and by ophthalmological lenses, through all the optical media and parts of the eye. The results of the analysis made it possible to determine the energy-exposure distribution functions along the optical axis of the eye ...
A computer program was developed to simulate a pilot's reaction to an ocular exposure from a multiple-pulse laser. The simulation outlines five different scenarios of eye and head responses that are likely to occur in response to a laser exposure. These r...
Patient's symptoms from laser exposure will vary depending upon the power and wavelength of the laser, the structure of the eye affected, how close the exposure was to the visual axis, and the extent of the temporary or permanent effects on visual structu...
Laser application in different sectors of technology, science and medicine is broadened which has caused an increase in the range of specialists related to production, adjustment and operation. It is found that the biological effect of laser radiation on man affects primarily the eyes. It is shown that infractions of safety rules when working with lasers causes ...
... Radiation effects, *Microwaves, *Eye, Radiation hazards, Exposure(General), Microwave frequency, Threshold effects, Cataracts, Radiation injuries ...
... CO; Tracking; Flash detection; Carboxyhemoglobin; Human; Electroencephalography; EEG; Exposure physiology; Hand eye coordination; ...
... Descriptors : *TOXICITY, *TARTRATES, *INSECT REPELLENTS, *IRRITATING AGENTS, AEROSOLS, DOSAGE, EYE, EXPOSURE(PHYSIOLOGY ...
During the Apollo missions crews reported irritation of skin and eyes after exposure to lunar dust. However, there are no data with which to establish the ...
... the sublethal insult to human pigment epithelial cells using a ... GENES, EXPOSURE(PHYSIOLOGY), CADAVERS, EYE PIGMENTS. ...
... Descriptors : (*RETINA, BURNS(INJURIES)), (*LASERS, HAZARDS), EYE, EXPOSURE(PHYSIOLOGY), STRESS(PHYSIOLOGY), PHYSIOLOGY ...
... Descriptors : *RADIATION EFFECTS, RADIATION HAZARDS, EXPOSURE(GENERAL), RADAR, SAFETY, EYE, TESTES. ...
... PHOTOGRAPHY, LOW LEVEL, PROTECTION, EYE, DYES, IRRADIATION, EXPOSURE(PHYSIOLOGY), REFLECTIVITY, ANGIOGRAPHY. ...
the risk. Drunk driving is clearly an established danger in the eyes of drivers. In effect, this means
... Descriptors : *GB AGENT, *EYE, RATS, VAPORS, TOXICITY, MEIOSIS, CONCENTRATION(COMPOSITION), EXPOSURE(PHYSIOLOGY), SIZES ...
... Z136.1-1976 laser safety standard. ... Descriptors : *LASER SAFETY, *CORNEA ... MATHEMATICAL PREDICTION, STANDARDS, EYE, EXPOSURE ...
A case of an accidental exposure to a high intensity Q-switched infrared laser beam is described. A paramacular burn, splinter hemorrhages on the disc margin, and vitreous hemorrhage were the initial findings. Later, a paramacular pucker developed, causing reduction in visual acuity to 6/12. Microvascular accident on the disc margin is assumed to be the ...
In the event of accidental irradiation the estimation of haematological damage situates the dose range. For serious irradiation the rapid perturbation and later change in the blood cell lines are good dose level indicators. In cases of relatively slight exposure the thrombocytes are the last blood cell elements to be seriously attached, with ...
Seven different methods were used to estimate the dose rate to a female worker who was accidentally exposed in the neutron PHOENIX beamline at the IPNS. Theoretical and measured entrance dose rates ranged from 550 mrem/min to 2,850 mrem/min. Theoretical e...
This paper presents a review of approaches to prevent and mitigate accidental releases of toxic and flammable gases. The prevention options are related to: choosing safer processes and materials, preventing initiating events, preventing or minimizing releases, and preventing human exposures. the mitigation options include: secondary confinement, ...
The report presents a mathematical model for the purpose of predicting the fraction of human population which would die within 1 year of an accidental exposure to airborne radionuclides. The model is based on data from laboratory experiments with rats, do...
We report the case of a young female patient with a transient amaurosis due to a carotid rete mirabile (CRM), a rare congenital carotid malformation, and pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an inherited autosomal recessive systemic metabolic disorder characterised by fragmentation and mineralisation of elastic fibres in connective tissues (skin, eyes) and the vascular system. CRM ...
The fate of fluoride in a simulated accidental release into an experimental pond was observed for 30 days in Grenoble, France. The components investigated were water, sediments, plants, algae, molluscs, and fish. Twenty-four hours after the release, most (99.8%) of the fluoride was distributed in the physical components (water and sediments), and the biological agents ...
Explosions, man?made and accidental, continue to require improved emergency medical responses. In the 1917 Halifax Explosion, an inordinate number of penetrating eye injuries occurred. A review of their treatment provides insight into a traumatic event with unique ophthalmological importance. Archived personal and government documents relating to the ...
Cataract extraction was performed on 734 patients. These were followed up postoperatively for up to 1 year. In 448 cases the extraction was performed in both eyes during 1 operating session (896 eyes) and in 1 eye in 286 cases, a total of 1182 cataract extractions. Preoperatively more than 75% of the eyes in both ...
Although serious ocular damage to the survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki explosions was minimal, conditions of these bombings do not necessarily relate to ocular damage to humans and animals reported from subsequent tests. Because of the focusing effect of the eyes' optical system, it is subject to damage at far greater distances from the explosion than ...
AIMS: To determine the sites, mechanisms, and clinical significance of injuries to the eyes and brains of children with non-accidental injuries in relation to differing levels of trauma. METHODS: A forensic pathological study of injuries in the eyes and brains of 23 consecutive children dying of non-accidental ...
UV radiation is known to cause acute and chronic eye and skin damage. The present case report describes a 90 min accidental exposure to UV-C radiation of 26 medical school students. Germicidal lamps were lit due to a malfunctioning of the timer system. Several hours after irradiation exposure, all subjects reported ...
Purpose To provide a perspective of observed associations between lifestyle exposures and eye diseases in adults.Design Summary of recent epidemiologic studies.Methods Non-systematic review of the literature.Results Data suggest that some lifestyle exposures (e.g., smoking) are significantly associated with risk of several different ...
The potential risk of human exposure from an accidental or intentional release of CWAs into a civilian population continues to drive the need for screening and monitoring techniques for these compounds. In particular, rapid and reliable methods for detecting CWAs such as the nitr...
