... Antimicrobials in the Management of Post-Irradiation Infection ... The threat of accidental or hostile exposure to ionizing irradiation is of great concern. ...

... Title : Functional Assessment of Laser Irradiation. Descriptive Note : Final rept. ... Implications for accidental human exposures are presented. (Author). ...

... exposure levels for microwave irradiation is important since new, more powerful emitters are developed and the potential for accidental exposure is ...

... is to study nuclear fuel behaviour under normal and accidental operating conditions, by means of instrumented irradiation experiments followed by ...

The overview of the results of development, verification and application of the methods of individual retrospective physical dosimetry among population of settlements contaminated with radionuclides, which suffered from irradiation as a result of the accident in Chernobyl NPP, and among the population located in the vicinity of the Semipalatinsk nuclear test site is presented ...

In the event of accidental irradiation the estimation of haematological damage situates the dose range. For serious irradiation the rapid perturbation and later change in the blood cell lines are good dose level indicators. In cases of relatively slight exposure the thrombocytes are the last blood cell elements to be ...

Aplasia is one of the main syndrome, appearing after one global accidental irradiation by one ionizing radiation source. The hematopoietic syndrome is characterized by a peripheric blood cell number fall; the cell marrow is reduced too. (Atomindex citatio...

of bone marrow damage in accidental/intentional irradiations, the stimulation of residual stem cells using granulocyte Colony-stimulating factor remains the therapeutic standard...

From the relationships given in the literature on the calculation of the biological dose received by an organism because of the atmospheric radioactivity, the maximum levels permitted in this case are calculated. The maximum permissible levels depend on mean values of the preceding years and on the number of accidental irradiations. (trauth)

Radionuclide-that is fission products- migration pathways in the human body organs are being modelled. A method for calculating body irradiation in terms of radioactive contamination is suggested. Data obtained for the 1986 accidental irradiation are comp...

... is heightened due to the risk of radiological terrorism or radiation accidents (1, 3, 6, 8). Protection ... M. Drouet. Cytokine-based treatment of accidentally irradiated victims and new approaches. Exp. ...

During the last few years the radiopathology service of the Curie Foundation has admitted more than a hundred patients who were followed and treated for irradiation or suspected irradiation after a work accident. Accidents followed by clinical symptoms ac...

Much valuable information regarding the effects of large doses of whole- body irradiation and the treatment of acute radiation injury can be obtained from the study of patients deliberately irradiated for therapeutic purposes. Of particular interest in this connection are the irradiation of patients in preparation for kidney ...

An arrangement for irradiation with electrons is described which avoids certain hazards associated with other techniques. The space between accelerating- tube window and object to be irradiated is filled with He or Ar. The He or Ar, being lighter than alr, are contained by a hood the bottom of which is open to permit ralsing of objects to be ...

The hematelogical treatment of subjects accidentally exposed te high irradiation doses is reviewed. Except for extremely high doses the prime consideration is the determination of the dose recelved in which hematological examirations play a large role. Then serious hematological malfunctions require energetic symptomatic treatment. The isolation ...

The dosimetric properties of some twenty textile fibers have been studied in order to develop a method for determining the dose received in the case of an accidental gamma irradiation. Three textile fibers having properties most closely satisfying our nee...

Studies of the effects of ionizing radiations in animals are of limited value for human medicine as the results cannot be reliably extrapolated to man. It is therefore essential to extract the maximum amount of information from the relatively few observations on persons accidentally exposed to high doses of radiation and those deliberately ...

The relative inhalation hazards of iodine isotopes following an accidental release of fission products are calculated taking into account the biological and physical characteristics of the significant radionuclides. The relative dose due to I/sup 132/ formed in the body by the decay of Te/sup 132/ is also calculated using a simple mathematical model for iodine ...

Angiosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor arising from endothelial cells of blood vessels or lymphatic channels. Therapeutic irradiation, thoriumdioxide administration, pyothorax, and polyvinyl chloride exposure have been shown to be predisposing factors for developing angiosarcoma. Accidental radiation exposure has not been associated with angiosarcoma. We ...

The increased use of lasers and laser devices has made it essential to determine the potential kinds of visual deficits associated with accidental laser exposure. Maximal visual acuity and normal color vision are closely associated with foveal receptor fu...

... context of accidental or intentional radiation exposures (nuclear ... teeth from the potential victims. Up to now, most studies focused on the ... ...

The transverse gamma spectrometry of an irradiated fuel pencil, associated to a tomography method of gamma emitters reconstruction in a straight section of the pencil, is a non destructive technique which proves efficient when there are enough projections...

... an accidental intake of tritium (20) and for Chernobyl clean-up workers (21). Among several mathematical models ... protracted irradiation was highlighted by the Goiania and Chernobyl accidents (6, 7, 21,...

It was found that the most hazardous aspect of this source of radiation is accidental breakage of the watch crystal and unwitting cortamination of the person who attempts to remove the broken glass. (H.H.D.)

This work is a contribution to the study of stimulated exoelectronic emission, the goal of which is the development of a dosimetry available in case of accidental irradiation. The first part is devoted to a review of the various theoretical models suggest...

... the value of antioxidants as countermeasures against radiological terrorism, especially in the practical scenario of starting a ... M. Drouet. Cytokine-based treatment of accidentally irradiated victims a...

The plug fault Xray diffraction equipment promoted searcher irradiation.The film dosemeter who he carried was over exposed (D.O.>4.5). The reconstruction of the accident for value the operator dose received and future effects of him. The troubled recei...

The very soft, pure crystals of LiF that are commercially available were formed unsuitable for some experimental work because they suffer accidental plastic deformation during cleavage and tend to split on (ll0) planes. Irradiation with gamma rays produces harder crystals that can be cleaved and handled without much damage. The radiation-induced ...

Effects of whole body irradiation in mammals with supralethal doses and the consequent recovery through heterologous and homologous medullary grafts are reviewed. Attempts at application to the field of human pathology caused by total irradiation, both accidental and therapeutical; and some radiobiological considerations on ...

Changes in the numbers of peripheral lymphocytes with chromosome aberrations were observed in cynomolgus monkeys after fractionated or acute /sup 60/Co irradiation at the same total doses. Immediately after irradiation, the yield of dicentrics decreased when the dose was fractionated but remained constant for 20 to 80 days, depending on the dose, when ...

The use of total-body irradiation of humans as a means of breaking down their resistance to allogenic grafts was studied. The studies comprise bone- marrow grafts to juvenile acute leukemia patients, and kidney transplants to adults. The doses administered are on the order of 500 rad. An additional study was made of marrow grafts to accidentally ...

Formation of rod-shaped defects in silicon irradiated with electrons was studied by high-voltage electron microscopy and by infrared spectroscopy. These defects contained accidental oxygen and carbon impurity atoms and interstitial silicon atoms. The roles of the irradiation temperature, rate of heating of a crystal, radiation ...

Beryllium is one of the best neutron multipliers for the blanket of a fusion reactor, thus several studies have been initiated to evaluate this material behaviour under irradiation both for typical operating and accidental conditions. The most important e...

A 25 Ci iridium-192 source accidentally lost was introduced in a room where, among others, four young female patients (14 to 20 years old), one of them pregnant, were irradiated during 4/5 weeks, 6/8 hours daily, cumulating skin doses in the range of 2500...

We report a 48-year-old male with typical lichen myxedematosus, liver dysfunction, and diabetes mellitus. His skin eruptions were clearly exacerbated after accidental over-irradiation by UVB. These findings were clinically and histologically confirmed. The pathogenesis is still unknown, but we consider it to be due to Koebner phenomenon. PMID:7560458

For possible use in cases involving accidental exposure to ionizing radiation or in wartime atomic disaster, optimal conditions for anesthesia in the irradiated organism were investigated in animals. Mice and rats were irradiated and anesthetised to a level of anesthesia at which the animals had just become unresponsive to ...

Whole-body x irradiation was used to accelerate the onset of senescence in female white rats. Comparisons of nonirradiated and irradiated tissues have been made using histological, physical, and enzyme techniques. The data amassed to date indicate that x irradiation causes a reduction of 20.6 percent in alpha- amino nitrogen ...

The PFR/TREAT safety testing programme involves the transient testing of fresh and pre-irradiated UK and US fuel pins. This paper summarizes the experimental and calculational results obtained to date on fuel pin failure during transient overpower (resulting from an accidental addition of resolivity) and transient undercooling followed by overpower ...

Thermography, x-ray tomography and NMR imaging, and scintigraphy have been used for the early diagnosis of an acute localized irradiation of a pig. The combination of these methods allows the evaluation of the radiation injury and its possible evolution. ...

ABS>The relative biological efficiency of fast neutrons compared with cesium gamma rays is equal to 3 on the lethality of August rats and equal to 4 as measured by the mean weight drop three days after irradiation. The timing of the various reactions appears to be the same in both cases, but death after fast neutron irradiation is mainly due ...

This document contains recommendations on appropriate human physiological and dosimetric parameters for use in assessing doses in the short term following an accidental release of radioactive contamination to the atmosphere during a nuclear emergency. It focuses on the exposure pathways expected to deliver the greatest radiation dose under this scenario, namely external ...

A mathematical model was constructed for the purpose of predicting the fraction of human population which would die within 1 year of an accidental exposure to airborne radionuclides. The model is based on data from laboratory experiments with rats, dogs and baboons, and from human epidemiological data. Doses from external, whole-body irradiation and from ...

The report presents a mathematical model for the purpose of predicting the fraction of human population which would die within 1 year of an accidental exposure to airborne radionuclides. The model is based on data from laboratory experiments with rats, dogs and baboons, and from human epidemiological data. Doses from external, whole-body irradiation and ...

The application of lamp phosphors for accidental dosimetry is a new concept. Since the materials used in fluorescent lamps are good photo luminescent materials, if one can either use the inherent defects present in the phosphor or add suitable modifiers to induce thermoluminescence (TL) in these phosphors, then the device (fluorescent lamp) can be used as an ...

Measurements were made of the response of five commonly used health physics instruments when held near polythene man-phantoms filled with aqueous solutions containing sodium-24 and chlorine-38. The ratios of the wholebody chlorine-38 and sodium-24 activities are calculated for various periods of accidental human irradiation by neutrons. These ...

Data from human radiation accident victims, patients undergoing therapeutic whole-body irradiation, and astronauts during space flight are reviewed for radiation dose response relationships. The effects of whole-body irradiation at various doses and dose rates on the hematopoietic system, response to physiological stress, and gastrointestinal side effects ...

Somatic chromosomes were studied in men 29 months after accidental exposure to whole-body irradiation. Using the peripheral leukocyte technique of Moorhead, rings, dicentrics, and deletions were observed in all but the lowest dose case. A second study of leukocytes of the men made 42 months after the accident yielded vintually the same results as ...

Ten articles about the effects of gamma radiation on human or animal cells are provided. Regulation of cytokines, effect of interleukin 6, expression of the C-fos protein, interest of the study of a biological check up after an accidental irradiation, int...

The radiobiologic studies carried out with joint (AEC) ERDA and NASA support during the years 1964 to 1974 at the Medical Division of Oak Ridge Associated Universities are presented. The physiologic data generated were similar in many ways to those previo...

On September 1, 1980, a 25-year old worker was accidently exposed to a high-intensity /sup 60/Co source of approximate 206 x 10/sup 13/ Bq. An acute bone marrow-type radiation sickness was observed after an accidental nonuniform gamma-ray irradiation. The...

Accidental seawater immersion of a NERVA/ROVER type core would result in a criticality excursion, releasing fission product radionuclides to the environment. In order to simulate the excursion situation and to study the resulting radionuclide release, spe...

In the current congress, the Association proposes first of all to furnish elements for a scientific and professional updating in the specific field on an international scale, in dealing with: Section I - The health aspects of radiation protection, Nuclear...

A dose-response curve has been obtained for the induction of chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes from blood acutely irradiated with 60Co gamma-rays in a dose range of 0.098-4.89 Gy. This curve has been used for biological dose estimation for 21 cases of known or suspected accidental overexposure of Turkish radiation workers. PMID:7770076

The effluent release from experiments is controlled by limiting the size of each sample irradiated so that if it was accidentally completely volatized into the closed room, the radioactive concentration would not exceed the permitted limits. The possible releases of Ar-41 and N-16 from the reactor are also considered. The experimentally determined levels ...

On may 5th 1978 an Ir 192 source of 15 Curies for gammagraphy set in a pencil-like holder fell from a truck on the road from Algiers to Setif. It was found 2 or 3 days later by two young boys 3 and 7 years old (AEK and RAB). They handled this bright metal...

A scraper/collimation system is required to localize the beam loss in the Collider of the Superconducting Super Collider to a few predefined locations and by doing so to minimize the irradiation of superconducting magnets, to sustain favorable background conditions in the Interaction Regions (IR), and to reduce the impact of radiation on other equipment, personnel, and the ...

The transmembrane resting potential (MRP) was chosen as a highly sensitive indicator for cellular reactions. The MRP was studied for its suitability as biological indicator of the level of accidental radiation exposure. The development of methodology and ...

The etiopathogenesis of hypoplastic hemopathies due to ionizing radiations is shortly exposed. Histopathological data common to all hemopathies are synthetically reported and account is given to the characteristics which differentiate the three essential clinical forms: hypoplastic hemopathy from minimal long-acting panirradiations (usually due to occupational ...