... Subject Categories : ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT RADIOACTIVITY, RADIOACTIVE WASTES & FISSION PROD. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Dose calculation procedures to be used in the event of a truck transportation accident involving radioactive waste being shipped from a TVA facility. Two types of accidents are considered: one involving fire, and one involving a spill of packaged waste an...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
... Who responds to an accident involving a radioactive...Provisions Hazardous and Nuclear Waste Transportation... Who responds to an accident involving a radioactive...respond to transportation accidents involving ...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2011
To assist emergency response personnel in evaluating the unique hazards presented to them by transportation accidents involving radioactive materials, this study examines several limiting scenarios for such accidents in terms of their potential radiologic...
The Radioactive Materials Incident Report (RMIR) database contains information on transportation-related accidents and incidents involving radioactive materials that have occurred in the United States. The RMIR was developed at Sandia National Laboratorie...
An excellent safety record has been established for the transport of commercial low-level radioactive waste. By using the Radioactive Material Incident Report data base to evaluate transportation accidents involving commercial low-level radioactive waste, it was found that there have been only ...
DOE Information Bridge
This report summarizes the radioactive material (RAM) transportation accident/incident experience in the United States from 1971 to March 1985. RAM transportation activities that involve accidents or incidents comprise approximately 0.7% of all hazardous ...
...planning and preparedness activities. Assignments in this part are applicable to radiological accidents at fixed nuclear facilities and transportation accidents involving radioactive...
Code of Federal Regulations, 2010
...does not set forth Federal agency responsibilities or capabilities for responding to an accident at a fixed nuclear facility or a transportation accident involving radioactive materials. These responsibilities are addressed in the...
Consideration is given to the instrument requirements for peacetime accidents involving radioactivity. Analysis of the problem is directed at determining the requirements for measuring the radiation field, the contamination level, and personnel exposure. A general description of the characteristics of the various instrument ...
Energy Citations Database
A preliminary study of radioactivity from the Chernobyl accident for the Department of the Environment was started in June 1986 which involved taking on an opportunistic basis, samples of air, rain, grass and soil in the UK. This study was integrated into...
A summary of the results of an investigation of the severities of highway and railroad accidents as they relate to the shipment of large radioactive materials casks is discussed. The accident environments considered are fire, impact, crash, immersion, and...
The national emergency plan for nuclear accidents is a plan of action designed to provide a response to accidents involving the release or potential release of radioactive substances into the environment, which could give rise to radiation exposure to the...
The increasing use of radioactive materials and the increasing public concern about possible accidents involving these materials has led to greater emphasis on preparing for such emergencies. The ANS Topical Meeting on Radiological Accidents - Perspective...
The summary includes descriptions of serious accidents for l959 and 1960, AEC industrial injury frequency rates, criticality accidents, radiation exposures, accidents involving radioactive materials in AEC activities during 1959 and 1960, and accidents ...
Accidents involving exposure to radiation or radioactive materials may involve an unusual degree of emotional trauma. Methods that may be employed in dealing with such trauma are discussed in relation to a specific accident in which a radiation worker was injured and seriously contaminated with ...
PubMed
Recent events have heightened awareness of the problems raised by accidents at sea involving radioactive materials. The NEA Committee on Radiation Protection and Public Health (CRPPH) noted that, while the transport of radioactive materials at sea is gove...
Elements of risk in reactor accidents are discussed. Estimates of the public risk from nuclear-power-plant accidents hinge on three important factors: (1) the probability of specific events occurring that could lead to an accident involving radiation release; (2) the quantity, type, and timing of release of ...
Information is presented on accidents andd incidents occurring during 1961 and 1962 in plants owned and operated by the AEC. Revised reporting requirements established by the AEC in April 1962 are outlined. Data are summarized on radiation exposure of AEC contractor personnel, accidents involving ...
accidents involving shipments of radioactive materials, to deliberate acts of nuclear terrorism. Call 1-800-424-8802 to report a radiation emergency. More information...
Science.gov Websites
6.3.2.2 An EIS should be written in plain language, avoiding technical jargon as much ..... Accidents involving hazardous, toxic, or radioactive materials, ...
NASA Website
The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the instrumentation and associated techniques that would be used to perform radiological monitoring at an accident/incident involving the release of radioactive materials. This article is not intende...
...to consequences and activities which extend beyond the boundaries of any fixed nuclear facility with a potential for serious consequences and the area affected by a transportation accident involving radioactive...
Reactor accidents and safety measures at nuclear installations are discussed using information from reports on operational accidents and radiation exposure experience within the USAEC, Japan, and the UK. Accident records with detailed data on reactor sites, radioactive substances, possible cause, physical ...
>From winter meeting of American Society of Mechanical Engineers; Detroit, Michigan, USA (11 Nov 1973). The probability of accidents occurring in the nuclear fuel cycle is examined by considering: projected number of shipments of nuclear materials for power reactors (excluding breeder and gascooled reactors); transport by truck, rail, aircraft, and barge; and ...
The release and transport of activated materials-of-construction in a fusion reactor during an accident scenario involving overheating and ingress of oxidants is an important area of safety research. This investigation quantified material release characte...
If, despite all the precautions taken in nuclear power plants, a severe accident was to occur in France involving extensive release of radioactive materials to the environment, existing emergency plans would be implemented enabling urgent decisions to be ...
If, despite all the precautions taken in nuclear power plants, a severe accident were to occur in France involving extensive release of radioactive materials to the environment, existing emergency plans would be implemented enabling urgent decisions to be...
This report describes studies of accidents involving high-level radioactive waste before sealing the waste into a repository. The report summarizes work done in this area during Fiscal Year 1978 and supplements previous work. Models of accident probability, severity, and consequences are refined and extended.
Hazardous radioactive materials can be released into the atmosphere by accidents at nuclear power plants, fuel processing facilities, and other facilities, and by transportation accidents involving nuclear materials. In addition, the post-cold-war prolife...
The purpose of this report is to provide estimates for the areas in Europe affected by the accident involving Unit 4 of the Chernobylskaya Atomic Energy Station which resulted in the release of radioactive material to the atmosphere.
This report presents the results of an evaluation of the probabilities and consequences of accidents involving shipments of radioactive materials (RAM) contained in multiple Type A packages. On the basis of previous studies as well as highway and air accident experience, the exposure doses from three generic ...
The shipment of radioactive materials over commercial highways has had a proven record of safety for many years. Accidents involving radioactive material have been rare. However, good emergency planning requires that fire protection agencies be prepared f...
This report presents an analysis of the impact of subsurface contamination resulting from a series of hypothetical leaks or accidents involving Hanford high-level radioactive defense waste. Estimates of the amounts and concentrations of radionuclides reac...
The main thrust of this paper has been to put forth the idea of developing a package for the recovery and retrieval of released radioactive material contents from Radioactive Materials (RAM) packaging involved in transport accidents. Prior to the developm...
Regulations for the transport of radioactive material are considered. Qualification criteria specified in the regulations, when applied to packaging design, provide the objective of safe packaging and transport of nuclear materials. Incorporation of accident statistics, accident damage reports, mathematical analysis, and physical test ...
The Directive reissues DoD Instruction 5100.52 to: update guidance for planning and providing a DoD response in the event of an accident involving radioactive materials; promulgate DoD policy and planning guidance to implement the Federal Radiological Eme...
As a consequence of an accident involving a truck shipment of yellowcake, a joint NRC--DOT study was undertaken to review and assess the regulations and practices related to package integrity and to emergency response to transportation accidents involving low specific activity radioactive ...
This report presents an historical account of the experiences of the Brookhaven Medical Team in the examination and treatment of the Marshallese people following their accidental exposure to radioactive fallout in 1954. This is the first time that a population has been heavily exposed to radioactive fallout, and even though this was a tragic mishap, the ...
Accident severity categories are used in many risk analyses for the classification and treatment of accidents involving vehicles transporting radioactive materials. Any number or definition of severity categories may be used in an analysis. A methodology which allow accident probabilities ...
The Directive reissues Department of Defense (DoD) Instruction 5230.16, August 8, 1967, to update DoD policies and procedures for the prompt release of information to the public in the interest of public safety and to prevent public alarm in the event of accidents or significant incidents involving nuclear weapons or radioactive ...
Important factors that influence the dispersion of radioactive contamination in streams are discussed. Also, consideration is given to the sources of radioactivity in streams. The main potential sources of radioactive contamination in streams are: the mining and smelting of radioactive ores; effluents from ...
Important factors that influence the dispersion of radioactive contamination in streams are discussed. Also, consideration is given to the sources of radioactivity in streams. The main potential sources of radioactive contamination in streams are: the mining and smelting of radioactive ores; effluents ...
Two topics relating to radioactivity and food are discussed: food irradiation for preservation purposes, and food contamination from radioactive substances. Food irradiation involves the use of electromagnetic energy (x and gamma rays) emitted by radioactive substances or produced by machine in order to destroy the ...
Both train speed and dollar damage have been used in transportation studies as measures of accident severity. Analysis of freight train accident data for the three year period, 1972-74 showed that, in general, as speed increases dollar damage to railroad property also increases. A greater percentage of high speed than low speed ...
Emergency response for a transportation accident involving radiological materials, while not inherently difficult, presents a challenge for several reasons. These accidents, although they can occur anywhere, are rare. Also, although the health consequences are usually slight, accidents ...
The immediate medical response to the nuclear accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power station involved containment of the radioactivity and evacuation of the nearby population. The next step consisted of assessment of the radiation dose received by individuals, based on biological dosimetry, and treatment of those exposed. Medical care ...
An assessment of the radiological consequences that would result for the population of Greece from postulated major nuclear accidents in the Kozloduy nuclear power station in Bulgaria is performed. Kozloduy lies at a distance of 225 km from the northern borders of Greece and contains six reactors, all of the Russian WWER type. The postulated accidents that ...
Radiation emergency planning is discussed for emergencies resulting from the loss of control of radioactive materials such as spills of radioactive materials, fires, explosions, vehicular accidents, and energized equipment. It is pointed out that the extent and involvement in severity and type of radiation ...
The Radioactive Materials Incident Report (RMIR) database was developed fin 1981 at the Transportation Technology Center of Sandia National Laboratories to support its research and development activities for the US department of Energy (DOE). This database contains information about radioactive material (RAM) transportation incidents that have occurred in ...
Conservatism in the calculation of the effective dose following an airborne release from an accident involving a fuel reprocessing waste tank is examined. Within the regulatory constraints at the Hanford Site, deterministic effective dose calculations are conservative by at least an order of magnitude. Deterministic calculations should be used with caution ...
Historical information for 26 years of documented US transport experience with radioactive material (RAM) packages indicates that no significant releases of low level waste have taken place, although accidents involving transportation, handling or reported incident have been documented. This article uses information from the ...
The shipment of radioactive materials over commercial highways has had a proven record of safety for many years. Accidents involving radioactive material have been rare. However, good emergency planning requires that fire protection agencies be prepared for such an incident. In an effort to provide this ...
From conference on transportation of radioactive material; Charlottesville, Virginia, USA (26 Oct 1970). In conference on transportation of radioactive material held in Charlottesville, Virginia on 26-27 October 1970. The AEC Radiological Assistance Program is described and its application to transportation accidents ...
The authors, all of whom are Ukrainian and Russian scientists involved with Chernobyl nuclear power plant since the April 1986 accident, present a comprehensive review of the accident. In addition, they present a risk assessment of the remains of the destroyed reactor and its surrounding shelter, Chernobyl ...
This report presents an historical account of the experiences of the Brookhaven Medical team in the examination and treatment of the Marshallese people following their accidental exposure to radioactive fallout in 1954. This is the first time that a population has been heavily exposed to radioactive fallout, and even though this was a tragic mishap, the ...
This collection of 17 papers discusses emergency planning during the mid�eighties to the mid�nineties for accidents at nuclear power plants. Topics include atmospheric dispersion of radioactivity, characteristics of severe accidents, emergency action levels (EALs), medical responses, making decisions in a crisis, preparatory ...
NSDL National Science Digital Library
Due to the radiological Cs accident in Goiania, Goias in September 1987, it became necessary to evaluate internal contamination levels of: individuals from the general public that for any reason had direct or indirect involvement with the radioactive sour...
Due to the radiological Cs accident in Goiania, Goias in September 1987, it became necessary to evaluate internal contamination levels of: - Individuals from the general public that for any reason had direct or indirect involvement with the radioactive so...
The main objective of a modification of AIEA safety standards is to limit the radiological consequences of accidents involving airplanes carrying radioactive packages with a high level of potential danger, priority being placed on packages containing plut...
Packaging for radioactive materials must perform satisfactorily when subjected to temperatures simulating an accident involving a fire. The new thermal test facility has proved to be a reliable method for satisfactorily performing the required test. The f...
This manual is intended to assist individuals faced with the problem of managing an accident involving radioactive contamination to make the decisions necessary in selecting the treatment techniques that have been successful in the past or, in the case of a situation where there is no experience, the treatment techniques that appear to ...
In this report information about the nuclear accident at Chernobyl and the radioactivity burdening of Greece from the radioactive releases of the accident are presented. The main characteristics of the RBMK-1000 reactor and the flow pattern of the radioac...
This paper describes the efforts by the Department of Energy to assist states and tribes along transportation corridors to prepare for an incident involving the transportation of radioactive materials and wastes. To address responder concerns, the Department of Energy retooled its approach to emergency preparedness and implemented the more simplified and ...
The question this Regulatory Analysis sought to answer is: should the NRC impose additional emergency preparedness requirements on certain fuel cycle and other radioactive material licensees for dealing with accidents that might have offsite releases of radioactive material. To answer the question, we analyzed potential ...
The President's Commission on the Accident at Three Mile Island requested that Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) generate documents concerning two areas in which ORNL personnel provided on-site assistance following the accident on March 28, 1979. These are: instrumentation diagnostics, and the treatment of radioactive ...
This book discusses the 1966 accident at the Fermi No. 1 fast metal breeder nuclear reactor near Detroit, Michigan, and the questions the accident raises for the use of nuclear power generation in the United States. The author describes the events at the accident. He stresses that the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) estimated that any ...
Approximately 5 to 10 million packages of radioactive material and wastes are shipped annually in the US. Most of these shipments consist of small quantities of medical and research isotopes. However, larger quantities of radioactive wastes are shipped by the US Department of Energy (DOE) via commercial truck or rail service. The number of shipments of ...
The Directive reissues DoD Instruction 5100.52 to: update guidance for planning and providing a DoD response in the event of an accident involving radioactive materials; promulgate DoD policy and planning guidance to implement the Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan that describes the responsibilities of the Federal ...
Over 2 million packages of radioactive materials are shipped each year in the United States. These shipments are carried by trucks, trains, ships, and airplanes every day just like other commodities. Compliance with Federal regulations ensures that radioactive materials are transported safely. Proper packaging is the key to safe shipment. Package designs ...
In the early morning of Dec. 16, 1991, a severe accident occurred when a passenger vehicle traveling in the wrong direction collided with a tractor trailer carrying 24 nuclear fuel assemblies in 12 containers on Interstate 1-91 in Springfield, Massachusetts. This paper documents the mechanical circumstances of the accident and the physical environment to ...
Assessment of the environmental consequences of an accident in a fuel cycle facility ultimately involves calculating the atmospheric dispersion of radioactive materials and estimating the radiation dose to the surrounding population. Some uncertainty lies in the estimate of the nuclear facility source term to be used for atmospheric ...
This book documents and analyzes 36 accidents involving U.S. nuclear weapons that occurred between 1950 and 1980, compilied from declassified Aircraft Accident Reports, Explosive Ordinance Disposal Reports, U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) reports, memoranda, and other primary sources. Each of the books chapters describes a specific ...
This report describes the development of the Radioactive Materials Transportation Accident/Incident Data Base (RAM-AIDB), which contains information on the occurrences of transportation accidents and incidents, for radioactive materials (RAM) that are inv...
In the present report realistic estimations about the nuclear accident at Chernobyl and the radioactivity burdening of Greece from the radioactive releases of the accident are presented. Results of radioactivity measurements in Greece concerning the envir...
... Conclusions and recommendations are given on towboat accidents and on marine accident data collection and analysis. (Author). ...
Page 1. Alcohol-Related Aviation Accidents Involving ... Alcohol-Related Aviation Accidents Involving Pilots With Previous Alcohol Offenses ...
In this report the radioactive fallout on Greece from the Chernobyl nuclear accident is described. The flow pattern to Greece of the radioactive materials released, the measurements performed on environmental samples and samples of the food chain and some...
A rear-end collision occurred between a passenger automobile and a luggage trailer carrying 84 packages, 76 of which contained radiopharmaceuticals, on US Highway 84 near Brookhaven, Mississippi on the afternoon of December 3, 1983. The purpose of this report is to document the mechanical circumstances of the accident, confirm the nature and quantity of ...
Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has developed source terms for the releases of radioactive aerosols during fires. The work was performed in a joint effort with Los Alamos National Laboratpry and Union Carbide Corporation to provide an accident analysis handbook on nuclear fuel cycle facilities for the US Nuclear Regulatory Commission. Source terms ...
The report describes the Chernobyl accident and its consequences for Denmark in particular. It was commissioned by the Secretary of State for the Environment. The event at the accident site, the release and dispersal of radioactive substances into the atm...
... 225 radioactivity in the North and Baltic Seas after the reduction of the Sellafield Discharges and the Chernobyl accident 3 ... Chernobyl Fis. Act. ...
... components, radioactive material, nuclear weapon ... Descriptors : *NUCLEAR WEAPONS ... TRANSFER, *RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS, *DIRECTIVES ...
