A refinement technique is robust if it works well over a broad class of error distributions in the data, and resistant if it is not strongly influenced by any small subset of the data. Least squares possesses neither property. A more robust/resistant proc...

... In summary, resistance training increases the variability of strength ... This training effect is a robust phenomenon ... on who is being trained and how ...

We used a mobile bed flume with scaled grain size distribution, channel geometry, and flow to examine morphology and hydraulics of stepped channels. We hypothesized that (1) step geometry and flow resistance differs significantly as a function of the range of grain sizes present, (2) a transition from nappe to skimming flow occurs in stepped channels with mobile beds for ...

BackgroundThe Y model of resource allocation predicts a tradeoff between reproduction and survival. Environmental stress could affect a tradeoff between reproduction and survival, but the physiological mechanisms underlying environmental mediation of the tradeoff are largely unknown. One example is the tradeoff between starvation resistance and early fecundity. One goal of the ...

... Accession Number : ADA204174. Title : Criteria for Robust Stability in a Class of Lateral Inhibition Networks Coupled Through Resistive Grids. ...

Jun 15, 2001 ... Affordable, Robust Ceramic Joining Technology (ARCJoint) is a method for joining high-temperature-resistant ceramic pieces together, ...

The least squares technique commonly used for refining crystal structures is neither robust (min variance with errors in experimental data) nor resistant (not highly dependent on any small subset of data). Other methods of fitting are being developed whic...

Permission is granted for noncommercial reproduction of the work for educational or research purposes.

... on military and naval science, operational warfare ... UNIV CAMBRIDGE MA DEPT OF STATISTICS. ... and (3) implementation in computer software of ...

... (a) The large change in resistance accompanying martensite formation as compared to the relatively small volume change, using dilatometry, ...

Drug resistance is problematic in microbial disease, viral disease and cancer. Understanding at the outset that resistance will impact the effectiveness of any new drug that is developed for these disease categories is imperative. In this Feature, we detail approaches that have been taken with selected drug targets to reduce the susceptibility of new drugs ...

The Scout 2008 version 1.0 software package provides a wide variety of classical and robust statistical methods that are not typically available in other commercial software packages. A major part of Scout deals with classical, robust, and resistant univariate and multivariate ou...

The presence of outliers and the statistical noise that affects the data for reference materials have undesirable effects on the mean and on other indicators of the central value. Five robust indicators of the central value, which are resistant to obvious...

In order to resist geometric attacks, a robust image watermarking algorithm is proposed using scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) and Zernike moments. As SIFT features are invariant to rotation and scaling, we employ SIFT to extract feature points. Then circular patches are generated using the most robust points. An invariant ...

Caenorhabditis elegans SKN-1 (ortholog of mammalian Nrf1/2/3) is critical for oxidative stress resistance and promotes longevity under reduced insulin/IGF-1�like signaling (IIS), dietary restriction (DR), and normal conditions. SKN-1 inducibly activates genes involved in detoxification, protein homeostasis, and other functions in response to stress. Here we used genome-scale ...

This report is a user's manual for the TRAINs-95 parsing system. An accompanying report describes the grammar used in TRAINs-95, and the robust speech act interpretation system, which takes the chart and produces a series of speech acts that best characte...

Rationale for and development of an information technology architecture are presented. The architectural approach described produces a technology environment that is integrating, flexible, robust, productive, and future-oriented. Issues accompanying architecture development and potential impediments to success are discussed.

di#11;erent censorship-resistant publishing systems. The #12;rst system, Publius, is a web-based system of Publius, a web-based censorship- resistant publishing system. Chapter 5: The design and implementation of replicas. 24 #12; Chapter 4 Publius Publius was designed to be an easy-to-use, web-based, robust censorship

We investigate the mutual proximity effect in a normal metal contacted to a superconductor through a magnetic interface. Analytical and self-consistent numerical results are presented, and we consider both the diffusive and ballistic regimes. We focus on the density of states in both the normal and superconducting region, and find that the presence of spin-dependent phase shifts occurring at the ...

Cord blood is source of colony-forming progenitors to vascular endothelial cells for potential use in cell therapies. These cells-called blood late outgrowth endothelial cells (OECs)-have undergone endothelial differentiation, but appear to still possess functional properties different from mature endothelial cells. A large-scale comparative proteomics screen of cord blood OECs versus human vein ...

We sought to determine whether histamine has effects on single neurons in the dorsal vagal complex of the brainstem since previous studies have suggested a role for histamine receptors in this region. Using whole-cell patch clamp recordings from neurons within the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (NTS) and the dorsal vagal nucleus (DVN), histamine (20 microM) depolarized a small proportion of ...

Compatibility between operating systems and filesystems is an essential item when creating a robust operating system. The Linux operating system is taking the filesystem compatibility issue to a new level with its modular integration of filesystems into the Linux kernel. The project which accompanies this paper exploits the robust ...

... They considered primarily the exploratory rule, the biweight rule, and a standard test based on the sample kurtosis. (For Gaussian data the kurtosis ...

separation mechanism, and a highly robust contamination resistant porous plug JT. Utilizing the same basic technology as the space qualified BETSCE, this ...

... to induce osteoblast activation in vitro and whether these prostate cancer cells grow more robustly in the presence of these activated osteoblasts. ...

Salmon aquaculture was one of the major growing and exporting industries in Chile. Its development was accompanied by an increasing and excessive use of large amounts of antimicrobials, such as quinolones, tetracyclines and florfenicol. The examination of the sanitary conditions in the industry as part of a more general investigation into the uncontrolled and extensive ...

This MiniReview is focused on the nature of intercellular signaling along the endothelium that helps to coordinate blood flow control in vascular resistance networks. Vasodilation initiated by contracting skeletal muscle ascends from arterioles within the tissue to encompass resistance arteries upstream and thereby increase blood flow during exercise. In ...

decreased travel resistance is also achieved at the same time accompanied by an increase ...... matte black on the outside. In substance, both consist ...

The electrophysiology of the nervous system is studied using cats and human subjects. Data cover effects of chlorolose on evoked potential, the evoked resistance shift that accompanies evoked potentials, and the relationship of eye movements to potentials...

The Phase 1 program demonstrated the feasibility of using a group of robust polymers to fabricate membranes that are both temperature-resistant and chemically resistant. Whereas control membranes based on conventional polymers degraded at temperatures of ...

This paper provides information as to the variations in volume resistance of PZT with temperature over a temperature range from -41 deg F to 500 deg F. Accompanying the qualitative explanation of methods and results is a graphical display of the resistance-temperature phenomena. Evidence is presented to prove that the measured ...

Improvement of the robustness of superhydrophobic surfaces is critical in order to achieve commercial applications of these surfaces in such diverse areas as self-cleaning, water repellency and corrosion resistance. In this study, the mechanical robustness of superhydrophobic surfaces was evaluated on hierarchically structured silicon ...

In mice in which polycythemia was induced by transfusion, stem cell activity was almost completely suppressed, and this was accompanied by increased resistance to radiation since survival studies showed the polycythemic mouse to be more resistant to radia...

Increased expression of Hsp72 accompanies differentiation of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells to neuron-like cells. By modulating cellular levels of Hsp72, we demonstrate here its anti-apoptotic activity both in undifferentiated and neuron-like cells. Thermal preconditioning (43�C for 30 min) induced Hsp72, leading to cellular protection against apoptosis induced by a ...

A novel feature region selection method for robust digital image watermarking is proposed in this paper. This method aims to select a nonoverlapping feature region set, which has the greatest robustness against various attacks and can preserve image quality as much as possible after watermarked. It first performs a simulated attacking procedure using some ...

Emerging evidence indicates that aldosterone causes oxidative stress by stimulating proinflammatory/oxidative mediators, including nuclear factor-kappaB, activating protein (AP-1), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase. Thus, in insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes (T2D), oxidative stress generated by hyperglycemia and aldosterone would potentiate the oxidative destruction of tissue and ...

This page is a comprehensive tutorial on resistance, accompanied by three interactive simulations. One allows the user to glimpse resistance at a molecular level; the second explores Ohm's Law; and the third introduces the use of color coding in composition resistors. The author uses diagrams to illustrate arrangements of resistors in ...

Comprehensive tutorial on resistance, accompanied by three interactive simulations. One allows the user to glimpse resistance at a molecular level; the second explores Ohm's Law; and the third introduces the use of color coding in composition resistors. The author uses diagrams to illustrate arrangements of resistors in series and ...

Robustness describes the capacity for a biological system to remain canalized despite perturbation. Genetic robustness affords maintenance of phenotype despite mutational input, necessarily involving the role of epistasis. Environmental robustness is phenotypic constancy in the face of environmental variation, where epistasis may be ...

Robustness describes the capacity for a biological system to remain canalized despite perturbation. Genetic robustness affords maintenance of phenotype despite mutational input, necessarily involving the role of epistasis. Environmental robustness is phenotypic constancy in the face of environmental variation, where epistasis may be ...

Robustness describes the capacity for a biological system to remain canalized despite perturbation. Genetic robustness affords maintenance of phenotype despite mutational input, necessarily involving the role of epistasis. Environmental robustness is phenotypic constancy in the face of environmental variation, where epistasis may be ...

The composite rotation approach has been used to develop a range of robust quantum logic gates, including single qubit gates and two qubit gates, which are resistant to systematic errors in their implementation. Single qubit gates based on the BB1 family of composite rotations have been experimentally demonstrated in a variety of systems, but little study ...

Corneal keratocytes (stromal cells) are activated to fibroblasts and myofibroblasts during wound healing. Myofibroblast transdifferentiation is accompanied by the expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and the assembly of a robust stress fiber network and larger focal adhesions (FAs). The regulation of the assembly of stress fibers was ...

Exposure of therapeutic and diagnostic medical devices to biological fluids is often accompanied by interfacial adsorption of proteins, cells, and microorganisms. Biofouling of surfaces can lead to compromised device performance or increased cost and in some cases may be life-threatening to the patient. Although numerous antifouling polymer coatings have enjoyed short-term ...

Behavioural characterisation of transgenic mice has been instrumental in search of therapeutic targets for the modulation of cognitive function. However, little effort has been devoted to phenotypic characterisation across environmental conditions and genomic differences such as sex and strain, which is essential to translational research. The present study is an effort in this direction. It ...

We investigate the evolution of populations of random Boolean networks under selection for robustness of the dynamics with respect to the perturbation of the state of a node. The fitness landscape contains a huge plateau of maximum fitness that spans the entire network space. When selection is so strong that it dominates over drift, the evolutionary process is ...

Unless diagnosed early, many adult cancers remain incurable diseases. This is despite an intense global research effort to develop effective anticancer therapies, calling into question the use of rational drug design strategies in targeting complex disease states such as cancer. A fundamental challenge facing researchers and clinicians is that cancers are inherently robust ...

It has been shown previously that the coupling between two Majorana end states in single-channel superconducting quantum wires leads to the fractional Josephson effect. However, in realistic experimental conditions, multiple bands of the wires are occupied and the Majorana end states are accompanied by other fermionic end states. This raises the question concerning the ...

The uptake of [³H]pentamidine into wild-type and drug-resistant strains of Leishmania mexicana was compared. Uptake was carrier mediated. Pentamidine-resistant parasites showed cross-resistance to other toxic diamidine derivatives. A substantial decrease in accumulation of the drug ...

Lethal mutagenesis is a promising new antiviral therapy that kills a virus by raising its mutation rate. One potential shortcoming of lethal mutagenesis is that viruses may resist the treatment by evolving genomes with increased robustness to mutations. Here, we investigate to what extent mutational robustness can inhibit extinction by ...

We have measured sheet resistance and mobility changes for a series of In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As layers as a result of hydrogen, boron, and beryllium implantation. We find that boron and beryllium implantation can produce a two order-of-magnitude increase in sheet resistance due mainly to a decrease in mobility accompanied by a ...

Late blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen, Phytophthora infestans, is a devastating disease of potatoes and tomatoes. A gene RB, cloned from the Mexican diploid potato species Solanum bulbocastanum, confers robust resistance to potato late blight. RB encodes a protein belonging to the CC-NBS-LRR ...

We report the failure of the automated MicroScan WalkAway system to detect carbapenem heteroresistance in Enterobacter aerogenes. Carbapenem resistance has become an increasing concern in recent years, and robust surveillance is required to prevent dissemination of resistant strains. Reliance on automated systems may delay the ...

on the assumption that no jamming of the wireless medium is feasible. In this paper we present a hybrid approach, without centralized management and vulnerability to jamming. We propose a positioning system called RObust- erence points, compared to the only previously known jamming- resistant solution [7]. The remainder

A mathematical setting based on a statistical sampling probability mechanism is described. In this setting, a mathematical meaning is given for the information function; and it becomes possible to study the relative merits of various ability-estimating procedures. The maximum likelihood estimation procedure under the one-, two-, three-parameter logistic response model and new procedures that are ...

Insect-specific baculoviruses are increasingly used as biological control agents of lepidopteran pests in agriculture and forestry, and they have been previously regarded as robust to resistance development by the insects. However, in more than a dozen cases of field resistance of the codling moth Cydia pomonella to commercially ...

The reduction of line width roughness (LWR) is a critical issue in developing resist materials for EUV lithography and LWR represents a trade-off between sensitivity and resolution. Additional post pattern processing is expected as an LWR reduction technique without impact to resolution or sensitivity. This paper reports the LWR reducing effect of a post-development ...