Epidemiological and animal studies have demonstrated that early-life nutrition alters the metabolic responses and generates structural changes in complex tissues, such as the kidneys, which may lead to a reduction in the offspring lifespan. Independently, obesity induces a spontaneous low-grade chronic inflammatory response by modulating several of the major metabolic pathways ...

Maternal nutrition during the period of early organ development can modulate the offspring's ability to metabolise excess fat as young adults when exposed to an obesogenic environment. This study examined the hypothesis that exposing offspring to nutrient restriction coincident with early hepatogenesis would result in endocrine and metabolic adaptations that subsequently lead to increased ectopic ...

Maternal nutrition during the period of early organ development can modulate the offspring's ability to metabolise excess fat as young adults when exposed to an obesogenic environment. This study examined the hypothesis that exposing offspring to nutrient restriction coincident with early hepatogenesis would result in endocrine and metabolic adaptations that subsequently lead to increased ectopic ...

To constitute a valuable resource to identify individual genes involved in the development of obesity, a novel mouse model, the Berlin Fat Mouse Inbred line 860 (BFMI860), was established. In order to characterize energy intake and energy expenditure in obese BFMI860 mice, we performed two independent sets of experiments in male BFMI860 and B6 control mice ...

Severe obesity is accompanied by large increases in fat mass and alterations in the composition of fat free mass, in particular total body water and its extracellular compartment. The physical size limitations imposed by severe obesity, and variations in body composition from that of normal weight, ...

The association between juvenile obesity and severe adult obesity was examined using a questionnaire completed by 73,532 weight conscious women. Relative obesity as an adult was determined by the ratio Weight/Height. The question, "Were you considered a fat child?" determined childhood weight status. Analysis of ...

Accompanied by an investigative team of Japanese eel experts the authors undertook an investigation into the techniques of fishing for elver (juvenile eels). Success in exploratory fishing on the St. John's River, Florida and methods of holding and shippi...

: These results suggest that geometric changes accompanying diabetes and obesity may have a significant effect Caused by Changes in Cardiac Geometry Due to Diabetes and ObesityChanges in Cardiac Geometry Due to Diabetes and Obesity AbstractAbstract Purpose: Myocardial disease is common in the diabetic, including

The metabolism and composition of skeletal muscle tissue is of special interest because it is a primary site of insulin action and plays a key role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance. Intramyocellular (IMCL) triglyceride stores are an accessible form of energy that may decrease skeletal muscle glucose utilization, thereby contributing to impaired glucose metabolism. Because of the invasive ...

The effect of CD on human health is an emerging issue. Many records link CD with diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, cognitive impairment and obesity, all of them conducive to premature aging. The amount of sleep has declined by 1.5 h over the past century, accompanied by an important increas...

Eating disorders are typical diseases of adolescence and early adulthood. About 1-3% of female juveniles suffer from anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN). Today AN is still the psychiatric disease with the highest mortality rate. The peri-operative mortality rate of patients suffering from AN is in the range up to 15%. The beginning of AN is a lingering process and ...

This study conducted a content analysis to examine the types of images that accompany online news stories about obesity and to determine how obese people are portrayed in news photographs. Images were selected from news articles about obesity obtained from 5 major news Web sites, during a 2-week period in September ...

The thickness of the shadows that accompany ribs or border the lungs on the chest postero-anterior radiographs of 22 obese patients and 22 normal-weight subjects was measured, when present, at several rib levels. A similar measurement was made of accompanying rib shadows on chest postero-anterior radiographs of eight ...

Tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) has been shown to have certain catabolic effects on fat cells and whole animals. An induction of TNF-? messenger RNA expression was observed in adipose tissue from four different rodent models of obesity and diabetes. TNF-? protein was also elevated locally and systemically. Neutralization of TNF-? in obese fa/fa rats caused ...

... coloration is temporally correlated with sexual divergence in plasma testosterone in free-living juvenile males and females, ... coloration would be accompanied by an increase in plasma testosterone in fr...

Objective. Cardiovascular disease is associated with inflammation and immune activation, concentrations of immune activation markers like neopterin predict outcome in adults. Methods. Serum neopterin concentrations and early metabolic and pre-atherosclerotic symptoms were analyzed in 295 obese juveniles and 101 normal weight controls of similar age. ...

Objective. Cardiovascular disease is associated with inflammation and immune activation, concentrations of immune activation markers like neopterin predict outcome in adults. Methods. Serum neopterin concentrations and early metabolic and pre-atherosclerotic symptoms were analyzed in 295 obese juveniles and 101 normal weight controls of similar age. ...

Obesity in the adult is defined as a body mass index ([BMI], weight in kilograms (kg) divided by their height in meters (m) squared) greater or equal to 30 kg/m(2). In children, obesity is defined by using BMI values beyond percentiles from a reference population. Most countries are undergoing or have undergone, demographic, epidemiological, and ...

This report presents comprehensive information on juvenile crime, violence, and victimization and on the juvenile justice system. This report brings together the latest available statistics from a variety of sources and includes numerous tables, graphs, and maps, accompanied by analyses in clear, nontechnical language. The report ...

Obesity is a growing health care problem that is increasing the incidence and morbidity of cardiovascular diseases. Emerging evidence suggests that obesity is associated with a systemic inflammatory response that is characterized by endothelial cell dysfunction, oxidative stress, and the activation of circulating immune cells. Adipocytes produce and ...

Overweight and obesity vary in prevalence among particular groups, and are especially problematic for childbearing Hispanic women. The complex interaction between physical changes associated with pregnancy, role changes accompanying birth, and family and cultural values related to childbearing are superimposed upon the underlying mechanisms that create or ...

The pathogenesis of slipped upper femoral epiphysis is unknown but the condition has been linked with various endocrine disorders. Nine patients with slipped epiphyses in association with primary juvenile hypothyroidism are presented. In all patients, slipping occurred or symptoms developed in the affected hip before the hypothyroidism was diagnosed. A generalised pathology ...

Keeping the health condition at the juvenile population is the concern of both the medical staff and the physical education teachers. Considering the steady tendency of the growth of the number of the youth with excessive weight (overweighted or obese) the intervention to combat this phenomenon must be initiated in the early stage when this condition ...

The effect of CD on human health is an emerging issue. Many records link CD with diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, cognitive impairment and obesity, all of them conducive to premature aging. The amount of sleep has declined by 1.5?h over the past century, accompanied by an important increase in obesity. Shift work, sleep ...

Finding that violent crimes perpetrated by juvenile offenders has increased dramatically in this century, the Committee on the Judiciary recommended and forwarded this bill for enaction by the Senate. The bill revises federal court procedures, addresses the problem of violent crime and controlled substance offenses by youth gangs, and encourages states to adopt policies "to ...

The worldwide prevalence of obesity and related metabolic disorders is rising rapidly, increasing the burden on our healthcare system. Obesity is often accompanied by excess fat storage in tissues other than adipose tissue, including liver and skeletal muscle, which may lead to local insulin resistance and may stimulate inflammation, ...