... Title : THE RADIATION DOSE ACCUMULATED BY BLOOD ... may be exposed to radiation without danger ... calculation of accumulated doses a matter ...

The natural environmental radiation measurements were made at 39 points of the natural environmental radiation dose rate by means of count-ratemeter and at 27 points of accumulated dose by means of the thermoluminescent dosimeters in the area of Masan dis...

A pocket type personal dosimeter with selectable dose alarm points is described. The dosimeter uses digital integration to measure the accumulated radiation dose and an audible alarm is provided when a preselected dose has been exceeded. In addition, test...

This technical report documents the software package CRRESRAD developed by the Phillips Laboratory. CRRESRAD is a utility that predicts satellite dose accumulation behind different thicknesses of aluminum hemispheres for specified orbits. Dose accumulation is predicted by using empirical dose ...

Dose evaluation by electron spin resonance (ESR) is usually accomplished by constructing a dose-response curve by measuring the peak-to-peak intensity of the dosimetric signals in the g = 2 region. In several cases, this signal is overlapped with others that can interfere with dose reconstruction. In this work a ...

The effects of accumulated total dose on single event upset (SEU) sensitivity of 4Kx1 CMOS static random access memories (RAMs) were studied by making SEU measurements using the fission particles produced by a Cf252 source, while total dose was accumulate...

The LD50 of mice for exposure to daily fractionated irradiation has been measured for fractionation periods of from 5 to 60 days. The amount of recovery occurring during the fractionation was found to depend largely on the number of dose fractions, rather...

Purpose: To develop a technique to monitor the dose rate in the urethra during permanent implant brachytherapy using a linear MOSFET array, with sufficient accuracy and without significantly extending the implantation time. Methods and Materials: Phantom measurements were performed to determine the optimal conditions for clinical ...

To measure the exposure to self-induced tissue vibration in speech, three vocal doses were defined and described: distance dose, which accumulates the distance that tissue particles of the vocal folds travel in an oscillatory trajectory; energy dissipation dose, which ...

and external, to determine the total gamma dose which had accumulated as a result of the accident. The criteria is the TL measurement of total accrued dose, A is the sample age, R~ is the alpha dose rate, R~ is the beta dose rate, R; is the gamma dose ...

Thermoluminescence (TL) dating is based on accumulating the natural radiation dose in the material of a dated artefact (brick, pottery, etc.), and comparing the dose accumulated during the lifetime of the object with the dose rate within the sample collected for TL ...

The effects of acrylamide on fast axonal transport have been measured primarily using the indirect methods of isotope or enzyme accumulation. The authors report the first direct evaluation of the effects of subchronic acrylamide dosing (150, 300, or 500 m...

Scattered doses, e.g. neutron doses in proton therapy, are of concern in radiation therapy. Although measured data are the gold standard, Monte Carlo simulations allow a more realistic consideration of patient anatomy via whole-body phantoms. When calculating neutron doses with Monte Carlo techniques, the ...

Survival of Chlamydomonas reinhardi exposed to 1.5-MeV electrons was measured for six dose rates, from 45 to 2700 rad/min; exposure times ranged from 1 to 300 min. When the data were plotted as the quotient of the negative logarithm of the surviving fraction by the square of the dose versus the irradiation time, they fell essentially ...

This paper addresses issues in the application of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) retrospective dosimetry with dental tissues exposed by radionuclides accumulated in the dentin. A simple dosimetric model of a tooth incorporating 90Sr is presented. The tooth is modelled as two concentric cylinders: the inner cylinder composed of dentin, and the outer cylindrical shell ...

The effects of repeated single doses of 5 rads of x rays on the growth of HeLa cells are reported. It was concluded from the experiments that doses as low as 5 rads can significantly affect the growth pattern of HeLa cells. However, it appears that a certain minimum amount of radiation must be accumulated before the effects ...

Ion-induced damage accumulation has been measured as a function of ion dose and dose rate following 100 keV Si{sup +} room-temperature implants in GaAs. The dose rate has been found to have a strong effect on the total damage produced in GaAs over a range of dose between ...

... ADA263206. Title : The Effect of the March 1991 Storm on Accumulated Dose for Selected Satellite Orbits: CRRES Dose Models. ...

Individual monitoring regulations in Switzerland are based on the ICRP60 recommendations. The annual limit of 20 mSv for the effective dose applies to the sum of external and internal radiation. External radiation is monitored monthly or quarterly with TLD, DIS or CR-39 dosemeters by 10 approved external dosimetry services and reported as Hp(10) and Hp(0.07). Internal ...

systems. The first is a PIN diode radiation monitoring system mounted directly on the ends was 142 weeks. During that time the total accumulated radiation dose measured by the beampipe PIN diode on these numbers and the expected radiation hardness of the SVX readout electronics the detector could have

systems. The first is a PIN diode radiation monitoring system mounted directly on the ends was 142 weeks. During that time the total accumulated radiation dose measured by the beampipe PIN diode on these numbers and the expected radiation hardness of the SVX readout electronics the detector could have

The surface potential due to charge accumulation during vacuum ultraviolet irradiation of high-k and low-k thin dielectric films is measured. Measurement of the substrate current, which is the sum of the charge-accumulation and photoinjection currents, allows an in situ monitoring of the charge ...

The Radiological Environment Modeling System (REMS) quantifies dose to humans working in radiological environments using the IGRIP (Interactive Graphical Robot Instruction Program) and Deneb/ERGO simulation software. These commercially available products are augmented with custom C code to provide radiation exposure information to, and collect radiation ...

The effects of acrylamide on fast axonal transport have been measured primarily using the indirect methods of isotope or enzyme accumulation. e report the first direct evaluation of the effects of sub-chronic acrylamide dosing (150, 300 or 500 mg/kg total dose) on the fast axonal...

The radiation dose to workers at nuclear power stations (NPSs) in Japan was drastically reduced between the late-1970s and the early-1990s by continuous dose-reduction programmes. The total collective dose of radiation workers in FY 2008 was 84.04 person Sv, while the average collective dose was 1.5 person Sv per ...

In order (i) to evaluate the dose uncertainty of the mouthpiece in daily use during intensity-modulated radiotherapy of patients with head and neck cancer, and (ii) to present a system for in vivo dosimetry of the oral mucosa, we equipped the mouthpiece with alanine dosimeter probes for in vivo dosimetry. The aim was to determine the dose uncertainty ...

In order (i) to evaluate the dose uncertainty of the mouthpiece in daily use during intensity-modulated radiotherapy of patients with head and neck cancer, and (ii) to present a system for in vivo dosimetry of the oral mucosa, we equipped the mouthpiece with alanine dosimeter probes for in vivo dosimetry. The aim was to determine the dose uncertainty ...

Multileaf collimator-based intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is complex because each intensity modulated field consists of hundreds of subfields, each of which is associated with an intricate interplay of uncertainties. In this study, the authors have revised the previously introduced uncertainty model to provide an a priori accurate prediction of dose uncertainty ...

The effect of 14.5 MeV electrons on neuronal calcium accumulation was studied in nerve ending particles (synaptosomes) prepared from homogenates of whole rat brain. Irradiation of synaptosomes with doses of 50, 100, and 500 Gy did not result in significant changes in calcium accumulation when measured 3, 7, and 17 ...

It was found that increased post-mortem accumulation of lactic acid occurs in the brain tissue of mice with anoxemic hypoxia, as in rats, rabbits, and dogs. Other measures resulting in cerebral hypoxia (hemorrhagic shock, methemoglobinemia induced by sodium nitrite) also produced the same reaction. The accumulation of lactic ...

Based on statistical approach, a novel dose uncertainty model was introduced considering both nonspatial and spatial dose deviations. Non-space-oriented uncertainty is mainly caused by dosimetric uncertainties, and space-oriented dose uncertainty is the uncertainty caused by all spatial displacements. Assuming these two parts are ...

A modified split-dose technique was used to measure the accumulation of injury during protracted exposures of the domestic sheep to Cobalt-60 gamma radiation. An initial or conditioning exposure of 165 R was given at 0.5, 0.95, 1.85, and 3.94 R/hr, and th...

A wide range radiation dose rate for civil defense use, including a Geiger-Mueller tube used in a continuous counting mode and for measuring dose rates from the natural background to about 30. rads/hr., with an ion chamber arranged to measure higher dose rates up to 10,000 rads/hr. The ...

Since integral radiation doses are important in the causation of cancers, this article proposes that everyone should carry a dosimeter that stores accumulated information over many decades. It is further noted that tooth enamel can serve as such a dosimeter. Ionizing radiation produces carbonate radicals, with a concentration linearly related to the ...

- viving nestlings showed dose-dependent trends in accumulation of arsenic in blood and specific tissues, and decreased tarsi and wing cord length upon fledging. There were no observed effects of dosing on measured, including decreased hematocrit and blood glu- cose levels (Judd, 1979), gastrointestinal irritation

KEPRI developed a portable (gamma) radiation alarm monitor with a measuring range of 0.01-100 mR/h, which can give off both audible and visible alarm signal at a preset level. Dose rate, accumulated dose, etc can be retrieved at a personal computer for th...

PURPOSE: Breathing-induced motion effects on dose distributions in radiotherapy can be analyzed using 4D CT image sequences and registration-based dose accumulation techniques. Often simplifying assumptions are made during accumulation. In this paper, we study the dosimetric impact of two aspects which may be ...

... R/hour, injury accumulation is a linear function of the total protracted dose. (Author). Descriptors : (*MAMMALS, *RADIATION INJURIES), GAMMA ...

From third Health Physics Society midyear topical symposium; Los Angeles, California, USA (29 Jan 1969). See CONF-690103P1. Neutron energy spectra were obtained near the Yale M. P. Tandem Van de Graff Accelerator during scattering experiments. Spectral measurements were performed using a Bonner- Spectrometer with 2, 3, 5, 8, 10 and 12 inch spheres with protons and ...

Plutonium holdup material has accumulated in the process ventilation duct systems at Rocky Flats. Non-Destructive Assay (NDA) measurements identified ducts containing this material. The Defense Nuclear Facility Safety Board and the Department of Energy established the criteria for remediation of these ducts. A remediation team was assembled and a program ...

Thermoluminescence (TL) kinetics have been investigated for low dose situations applicable to dating, dosimetry, and recent geological deposits. Studied were the general one-trap kinetic equation, which reduces to the well known 1st and 2nd order kinetic equations when various assumptions apply, and the interactive kinetic equations, which describes TL in materials exhibiting ...

The objectives were: (1) to obtain quantitative collections of fallout to determine mass per unit area, ionization decay rates, and size activity relationships; (2) to compare radiochemical, chemical, and physical properties of environmental surface material and fallout material; and (3) to measure, during fallout, the radiation dose rate and ...

The common Zr{sub 2}(Ni,Fe) intermetallic precipitates in Zircaloy-2 were irradiated with 1.5-MeV electrons in a high-voltage electron microscope until amorphous. The dose to amorphization, measured in displacements per atom (dpa) was recorded as a function of temperature and dose rate. The results show that the ...

Thermoluminescence (TL) dating is based on accumulating the natural radiation dose in the material of a dated artefact (brick, pottery, etc.), and comparing the dose accumulated during the lifetime of the object with the dose rate within the sample collected for TL ...

Results of an investigation of professional radiation burden in 1959 and 1960 are presented. Methods of evaluating the radiation doses are described. Accumulated doses were measured by film dosimeters and average monthly values were calculated. Sources of radiation considered were radioisotopes, x ...

An ion beam uniformity monitor for very low beam currents using a high-sensitivity charge amplifier with bias compensation. The ion beam monitor is used to assess the uniformity of a raster-scanned ion beam, such as used in an ion implanter, and utilizes four Faraday cups placed in the geometric corners of the target area. Current from each cup is integrated with respect to time, thus ...

An ion beam uniformity monitor for very low beam currents using a high-sensitivity charge amplifier with bias compensation. The ion beam monitor is used to assess the uniformity of a raster-scanned ion beam, such as used in an ion implanter, and utilizes four Faraday cups placed in the geometric corners of the target area. Current from each cup is integrated with respect to time, thus ...

A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation for calculating absorbed dose has been developed and applied for dental applications with an i-CAT cone beam CT (CBCT) system. To validate the method a comparison was made between calculated and measured dose values for two different clinical protocols. Measurements with a pencil CT ...

Collagen and total protein synthesis rates have been determined in the lungs of CBA mice irradiated with single doses of X rays between 8 and 16 Gy. Mice were injected with (/sup 3/H)proline accompanied by a large dose of unlabeled proline, and synthesis rates were measured at 2-month intervals from 8 to 31 weeks after irradiation. At ...

The consequences of delivering a second 1250-rad dose at various times during and after the repair of DNA damage produced by an initial 1250-rad dose were assessed in intracerebral 9L tumor cells and rat cerebellar neurons by measuring the sedimentation properties of their DNA through alkaline sucrose gradients in zonal rotors with ...

The radiation dose received by passengers during flight on conventional jet aircraft was determined as a function of exposure to cosmic radiation, solar radiation, flight time, and flight path. The dosimetric measurements were made with thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD's) and with emulsions of three types sealed in plastic packets. ...

Absorbed-dose images and depth-dose profiles have been measured in a tissue-equivalent phantom exposed to an epithermal neutron beam designed for neutron capture therapy. The spatial distribution of absorbed dose has been measured by means of gel dosimeters, imaged with optical analysis. From ...

Absorbed-dose images and depth-dose profiles have been measured in a tissue-equivalent phantom exposed to an epithermal neutron beam designed for neutron capture therapy. The spatial distribution of absorbed dose has been measured by means of gel dosimeters, imaged with optical analysis. From ...

The radiation induced surface segregation (RIS) of phosphorus in stainless steel attained a maximum at a dose of 0.8 dpa then decreased continually with dose. This decrease in the surface segregation of phosphorus at high dose levels has been attributed to removal of the phosphorus layer by ion sputtering. Phosphorus is not replenished ...

The harmful effects of ionizing radiation, as employed in a variety of medical imaging procedures, have been well studied and documented. To minimize risk to patients, operators must continually assess the dose rate and cumulative dose to the patient at each area of exposure. We have developed a computer graphic dose management display ...

Two experimental pocket-size radiation dosimeters were developed to provide either an indicated measurement of accumulated dose or suitable alarming for preselected dose levels. One audibly alarms after a predetermined dose is accumulated. The second provides ...

The effects of mevinolin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitor and bezafibrate, a modulator of lipoprotein metabolism, were measured on BM 15.766-induced 7-dehydrocholesterol (7-DHC) accumulation in liver and serum of rats. BM 15.766, an inhibitor of delta 7 sterol reductase, leads to an accumulation of 7-DHC, ...

This report describes the general software requirements for the Hanford Reservation Dose reconstruction Project.

The 50-year inhalation and ingestion dose commitments associated with an acute intake (of a radionuclide) of 3.7 x 10/sup 4/ Bq (1 ..mu..Ci) in one day were compared with the corresponding dose commitments calculated for a 70-year integration period resulting from a chronic intake of the same amount at a rate of 101 Bq/d (0.00274 ..mu..Ci/d) for one year. ...

A fast-readout dosimetry system based on fibre-coupled organic scintillators has been developed for the purpose of conducting point measurements of absorbed dose in radiotherapy beams involving high spatial and temporal dose gradients. The system measures the dose for each linac radiation pulse ...

A fast-readout dosimetry system based on fibre-coupled organic scintillators has been developed for the purpose of conducting point measurements of absorbed dose in radiotherapy beams involving high spatial and temporal dose gradients. The system measures the dose for each linac radiation pulse ...

... MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, DOSAGE, RADIATION MONITORS ... VAN ALLEN RADIATION BELT ... CHARGED PARTICLES, DOSE RATE, SOLAR ...

Hepatic glutathione (GSH) was depleted to assess the influence of GSH on the toxicity of MCYST-LR in vivo. The GSH conjugate of MCYST-LR was also formed synthetically. There was an approximately four-fold decrease in the toxicity of the GSH derivative, as compared to the parent toxin; but the GSH conjugate remained hepatotoxic and hepatospecific in its effects. Tritium-labeled sodium borohydride ...

Two special tissue-equivalent ionization chambers and 5 highly sensitive passive dosimetry packages were flown aboard the recent Gemini 4 flight for the purpose of obtaining precise values of instantaneous dose rate, accumulated dose. and shielding effectiveness. This experiment marked the first time that well-defined tissue ...

Aircraft flying over surface areas contaminated by fallout from radioactive clouds from surface nuclear detonations accumulate ionizing doses. An investigation of this situation was accomplished, and the dose and dose rate resulting from such fly-overs ar...

This study investigated the relationship between accumulated copper in the digestive gland of Helix aspersa, after exposure to the fungicide copper oxychloride, and quantitative changes in the digestive gland cells of this snail. Snails were exposed to 80 and 240 microg g(-1) copper oxychloride for 6 weeks. Histological sections of digestive glands were analyzed by means of ...

The dichotomy between the doses at which experimental measurements of genetic effects can be made and the doses to which people are exposed is often different by two or more orders of magnitude. This presents a significant problem when determining the effects of low doses of radiation or chemicals. The solution has ...

These notes are directed primarily at the formulation of the accumulation of resulting cases of pulmonary malignancy with time when a dose of ionizing radiation (e.g., from airborne short-lived daughters of Rn-222) is protracted in time and when the accum...

1. The pharmacokinetics of doxazosin, following a single oral dose (1 mg) and chronic oral dosing (doubling doses up to a maximum of 16 mg day-1), were studied in 18 patients with mild to moderate hypertension and stable renal function varying from normal to severely impaired. In addition, the effect of chronic administration of ...

With the increased use of cone beam CT (CBCT) for daily patient setup, the accumulated dose from CBCT may be significantly higher than that from simulation CT or portal imaging. The objective of this work is to measure the dose from daily pelvic scans with fixed technical settings and collimations. CBCT scans were ...

With the increased use of cone beam CT (CBCT) for daily patient setup, the accumulated dose from CBCT may be significantly higher than that from simulation CT or portal imaging. The objective of this work is to measure the dose from daily pelvic scans with fixed technical settings and collimations. CBCT scans were ...

Whole body retention measurements were performed in volunteers after i.v. injection of 99mTc-HM-PAO (Ceretec). The organ accumulation was measured in mice and data were transferred to standard man according to ICRP. Absorbed dose calculations were made with these data by using the concept of absorbed fractions ...

...a single exempt unit, and in normal...quantities of exempt units likely to accumulate...that the external radiation dose in any one year...quantities of exempt units likely to accumulate...receive an external radiation dose or dose...

Scattered doses, e.g. neutron doses in proton therapy, are of concern in radiation therapy. Although measured data are the gold standard, Monte Carlo simulations allow a more realistic consideration of patient anatomy via whole-body phantoms. When calculating neutron doses with Monte Carlo techniques, the ...

INTRODUCTIONNon-enzymatic glycation (NEG) is a post-translational modification of the organic matrix that results in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs). In bone, the accumulation of AGEs play an important role in determining fracture resistance, and elevated levels of AGEs have been shown to adversely affect the bone�s propensity to brittle fracture. It ...

Large releases of fission products into the Techa River, in the Southern Urals, occurred in 1950 and 1951, during the early years of operation of the Mayak Production Association (Mayak PA), which produced plutonium for nuclear weapons. Increases of leukemia and of solid cancers with radiation dose have been noted in the population of about 30,000 people who lived in the ...

The purpose of this study was the use of rhodamine 123 (Rho123) accumulation in peripheral blood CD8⁺cells as a surrogate indicator to evaluate the modulating effect of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitors in the multidrug resistance (MDR) tumor-bearing mouse model. Rho123 was administered to mice, and the fluorescence level in CD8⁺ ...

The paper describes the procedure of estimating total radiation risk to crewmembers during lifetime and possible lifetime reduction in consequence of participation in the Mir and ISS missions in different periods of the solar activity. The procedure includes analysis of data of vehicle and personal dosimetry, and calculations of radiation doses in various Mir compartments and ...

It was the practice for several years to estimate the potential dose rate to the gastrointestinal from sanitary water sources by evaluating the results of radiochemical analysis of individual nuclides. The proposed method estimates the GI tract dose from Pasco and Richland domestic water from measurements of the total beta activity, ...

For a reliable prediction of dose loads on a crew and its habitation environment, which, so far, cannot be calculated with sufficient accuracy, an experimental study of the dynamics of radiation situation characteristics in the modules of the manned International Space Station (ISS) is carried out. The results of prompt monitoring and individual dose ...

A wedge-shaped target was implanted with nitrogen ions using the plasma source ion implantation process, in order to understand the effects of the target edges on the energy and fluence distribution of incident ions. Experimental measurements and analysis of retained dose on silicon samples affixed on the surface of the target, showed results consistent ...

Total Doses and Flight Duration .... Table 2 presents the total doses measured for travel between ... smaller doses. The reason is that only a few very ...

Mar 22, 2011 ... Radiation Dose and Dose Rate. Radiation is measured in two units. The first is a measure of the rate at which you are being exposed ...

Effects of irradiation of bone from internally deposited radioisotopes are considered. Problems encountered in measurement of the absorbed radiation dose and assessing damage in bone are also considered. The calculated accumulated dose can only be approximate, and to estimate it over a long period of time ...

The principal aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of where lead (Pb) accumulates and how it is distributed, within the bones of dosed goats. Adult goats were periodically dosed with Pb over a number of years for the primary purpose of producing blood pools containing endogenously bound Pb, for the New York State Blood ...

The principal aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of where lead (Pb) accumulates and how it is distributed, within the bones of dosed goats. Adult goats were periodically dosed with Pb over a number of years for the primary purpose of producing blood pools containing endogenously bound Pb, for the New York State Blood ...

Young female mice (RF) were exposed continuously throughout life to Co/ sup 60/ gamma rays at 10 different dose rates. Mean survival time (MST) and mean accumulated dose (MAD) were observed. The MST decreased in an exponential manner with increasing dose rate, while the MAD indicated that at the higher ...

Automatic extraction of the tracheobronchial tree from high resolution CT data serves visual inspection by virtual endoscopy as well as computer aided measurement of clinical parameters along the airways. The purpose of this study is to show the feasibility of automatic extraction (segmentation) of the airway tree even in ultra-low-dose CT data (5-10 mAs), ...

This open-label, nonrandomized study assessed single and repeat ascending doses of a new sublingual fentanyl (SLF) formulation in 48 healthy Japanese opiate-na�ve subjects (47 completed). Subjects received single-dose SLF 100, 200, 400, or 800 �g followed by 13 doses 6 hourly, at their dose level. Subjects ...

The Tissue Equivalent Proportional Counter (TEPC) was developed to monitor low level neutron exposure rates at working stations in a nuclear fuel fabrication facility. It has proven capable of accurately measuring neutron dose rates at levels from 0.1 to 0.2 mrem/hr. It also calculates the Quality Factor which is of importance in locations where the ...

Survival based on colony formation was measured for starved plateau-phase Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells exposed to 250 kVp X rays at dose rates of 0.0031, 0.025, 0.18, 0.31, and 1.00 Gy/min. A large dose-rate effect was demonstrated. Delayed plating experiments and dose response experiments following a ...

Commercial plastics used for radiation dosimetry are good electrical insulators . Used in electron beams, these insulators store charge and produce internal electric fields large enough to measurably alter the electron dose distribution in the plastic. The reading per monitor unit from a cylindrical ion chamber imbedded in a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) ...

Commercial plastics used for radiation dosimetry are good electrical insulators. Used in electron beams, these insulators store charge and produce internal electric fields large enough to measurably alter the electron dose distribution in the plastic. The reading per monitor unit from a cylindrical ion chamber imbedded in a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or ...

Commercial plastics used for radiation dosimetry are good electrical insulators. Used in electron beams, these insulators store charge and produce internal electric fields large enough to measurably alter the electron dose distribution in the plastic. The reading per monitor unit from a cylindrical ion chamber imbedded in a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) or ...

... need for accurate radiation dose measurements ... RADIATION MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, *RADIATION DOSAGE, ELECTRONICS, EQUATORIAL ...

... need for accurate radiation dose measurements. ... MEASURING INSTRUMENTS, *DOSIMETERS, *RADIATION DOSAGE, *SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES ...

A fluorimetric method of radiation dosimetry is presented for which the intensity of the fluorescence of a (tissue equivalent) medium is linearly dependent on accumulated dose from a few Gray up to kiloGrays. The method is based on radio-fluorogenic co-polymerization (RFCP) in which a normally very weakly fluorescent molecule becomes highly fluorescent ...

A multidisciplinary team has investigated the effects of chronic oxidant exposure on subsystems constituting a western mixed coniferous forest ecosystem in the San Bernardino Mountains. The objective is to identify and interpret the effects of chronic oxidant exposure on community structure and function in several stand types dominated by oxidant susceptible ponderosa and Jeffrey pines. Eighteen ...

Investigations were made on the effect of x radiation of low dose rate on the accumulation of catalase in conidia of Aspergillus niger. The activity of catalase was determined by measuring the oxygen evolved from hydrogen peroxide in a conventional Warburg manometric apparatus at 30 deg C. X irradiation for 20 min ...

We have subjected a silica core fiber optic cable to 4 years of low-level neutron and gamma radiation from Princeton's TFTR controlled fusion experiment The accumulated dose was 200 Gy. As a result of the radiation, we have measured increased attenuations...

The report presents the measurement results. Higher levels were recorded after the bomb tests and the Chernobyl accidents. The accumulated radiation dose from dairy milk consumed during the period 1955-1990 is estimated to 0.3 mSv. (Atomindex citation 24:...

The environmental monitoring for calendar year 1977 shows that concentrations of radioactive materials in the Albuquerque area are typical of natural background for the area. An estimated 0.055 person-rem Albuquerque area (80 km radius) population dose commitment results from calculated Sandia Laboratories releases. Over the same area 57,000 person-rem is ...

The experiments were designed to study the effects of mercury, lead and cadmium on fin regeneration in Fundulus. One mg/l mercury was lethal to the fish and all died before the first measurement. Fish in lead regenerated at slightly faster rates than the control fish. Cadmium strikingly retarded the rate of regeneration, although the effect was not correlated with the ...

BS>The dose dependencies of TL integrated response of ZnS-Cu with high emission efficiency (0.95 plus or minus 0.05) have been measured please delete the above abstract no. 24298

This citation summarizes a one-page announcement of technology available for utilization. A miniature integrating light meter originally developed for use in space has many other possible applications. Small enough to be worn unobtrusively, it can measure accurately the radiation dose accumulated for a few minutes or over a period of ...

The study aimed to assess the suitability of linear array metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor detectors (MOSFETs) as in vivo dosimeters to measure rectal dose in high dose rate brachytherapy treatments. The MOSFET arrays were calibrated with an Ir192 source and phantom measurements were performed to ...

The aim of this study was to estimate the radiation dose due to intravenous injection of 2-[{sup 18}F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) for infants studied with PET. The radioactivity concentration in the brain and bladder content was measured with PET to determine the cumulated activity in these organs in 21 infant FDG studies. The individual organ masses ...

BackgroundThe purpose of the present study is to compare finite size pencil beam (fsPB) and Monte Carlo (MC) based optimization of lung intensity-modulated stereotactic radiotherapy (lung IMSRT).Materials and methodsA fsPB and a MC algorithm as implemented in a biological IMRT planning system were validated by film measurements in a static lung phantom. Then, they were applied ...

As recommended by the ICRP, the European Union (EU) agreed to abide by mandatory monitoring of radiation doses to crew during civil aviation flights operated by the airlines of the EU member states. A large number of measured and theoretically predicted values for the in-flight radiation doses of northern hemisphere flight routes are ...

This paper is based on work done on accumulated career doses. The data are taken from the National Dose Registry and consist of accumulated doses to the monitored workforce from the years 1970, 1975, 1980, 1985, and 1990. Four broad occupational categories are analyzed: medicine, nuclear power, ...

... resulting fallout patterns and doses. ... areal measurements of specific contours and cumulative doses compared to radial ...