Accumulation mode aerosol, pockets of open cells, and particle nucleation in the remote subtropical, and L. Russell (2006), Accumulation mode aerosol, pockets of open cells, and particle nucleation to the genesis of pockets of open cells, are favorable for ...

In the present study we focus on accumulation mode particles (AMP), which have a diameter between about 80 and 800 nm, and which interact most effectively ...

Particle number and mass concentrations were measured in Beijing during the winter and summer periods in 2003, together with some other parameters including black carbon (BC) and meteorological conditions. Particle mass concentrations exhibited low seasonality, and the ratio of PM2.5/PM10 in winter was higher than that in summer. ...

After a brief of difficulties in characterizing airborne particulates by means of particle sizing instruments, the accumulation mode of the atmospheric aerosol is highlighted as carrier of many noxious substances. Two different types of impactors are desc...

Airborne measurements of particle size distributions obtained during the spring and summer of 1975-1976 at various locations in the high plains of the U.S. are presented. The instrumentation and techniques used to collect the data are described. Particle number, surface area, and volume distribution are measured; differences in ...

Ejector dilutors have long been used for automotive exhaust particle sampling, as they can offer a low-cost option for stable dilution. In an ejector dilutor, pressurized air expanding in the periphery of a nozzle draws in and mixes with an exhaust sample which is then led to analytical equipment. The combination of processes involved may lead to particle ...

Charge exchange recombination spectroscopy (CXRS) was used to measure the ion temperature, the toroidal rotation velocity, and the time evolution of fully stripped carbon ions during neutral beam heating in JFT-2M. The ion temperature measured by the CXRS was in good agreement with that measured by the neutral particle analyzer. Fully stripped carbon ions were found to ...

This study is focused on the analysis of the sub-micron aerosol characteristics at rural and coastal environment in Southwestern Spain. Particle number size distributions were measured in the size range (14-673) nm using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS, Model 3936-TSI), from 15 July 2004 to 31 July 2006 at El Arenosillo Station. Mean total ...

Aerosol properties such as particle size distribution, particle mass, and the chemical composition in the optical size range (0.1-0.2 microns in diameter), where they interact most effectively with visible light, are discussed on a physical and quantitative basis with reference to visibility reduction. It is shown that the degradation of visual range by ...

This study presents the number, surface and volume concentrations, and size distribution of particles next to the 1-710 freeway during February through April 2006. 1-710 has the highest ratio (up to 25%) of heavy-duty diesel vehicles in the Los Angeles highway network. Particle concentration measurements were accompanied by measurements of black carbon, ...

... ACCUMULATORS, CHARGED PARTICLES, CAVITY RESONATORS. Subject Categories : PARTICLE ACCELERATORS NUCLEAR PHYSICS & ...

We report on the behavior of small particles of dilute concentration in time-dependent (oscillatory) thermocapillary flow in cylindrical liquid bridges. The particles accumulate in a dynamic string for certain aspect ratios of the liquid bridge and at, typically, two times the critical Marangoni number for the onset of time dependence. ...

A regime of enhanced energy confinement on Alcator C-Mod exhibits an H-mode-like temperature pedestal, but with edge particle transport and density profiles like those in L-mode. Access to this ``improved L-mode" is achieved by operating just below the H-mode power threshold, with ion drift in ...

This study was performed to measure the activity size distribution of aerosol particles associated with short-lived radon decay products in indoor air at Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan. The measurements were performed using a low pressure Andersen cascade impactor under variable meteorological conditions. The results showed that the greatest activity fraction was associated ...

... Title : THE LIMITED SPACE-CHARGE ACCUMULATION MODE IN BULK GALLIUM ARSENIDE. ... Report Date : NOV 1967. ...

Single particle analysis of aerosol particles was performed on samples collected in the tropical rain forest (Manaus, Brazil) during the AMAZE campaign in February and March 2008. During wet season, Amazonia is one of the few places on Earth where natural continental aerosol, unperturbed by anthropogenic influences, can be investigated. Elemental ...

The radon-222 progeny and long-lived radionuclide measurements were done in a wet underground uranium mine in Saskatchewan, Canada, on Nov. 8-12, 1995. Radon-222 in the mine varied from 2 kBq/m{sup 3} at 90 m below surface to 12 kBq/m{sup 3} in the mining areas, 240 m below surface. Radon-222 progeny activity and potential alpha energy concentration appear affected by the airborne ...

Particle size distributions have been measured for nonvolatile organic constituents of ambient aerosols, sampled by Sierra and Andersen Hi-Vol cascade impactors, in suburban, rural, and seashore areas in Belgium and the Netherlands during the four seasons. The distributions of polycyclic and aza-heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, n-aliphatic hydrocarbons, and carboxylic acids ...

Gravitational field-flow fractionation utilises the Earth's gravitational field as an external force that causes the settlement of particles towards the channel accumulation wall. Hydrodynamic lift forces oppose this action by elevating of particles from the channel accumulation wall. Therefore there are several ...

Two years of harmonized aerosol number size distribution data from 24 European field monitoring sites have been analysed. The results give a comprehensive overview of the European near surface aerosol particle number concentrations and number size distributions between 30 and 500 nm of dry particle diameter. Spatial and temporal distribution of aerosols in ...

Two years of harmonized aerosol number size distribution data from 24 European field monitoring sites have been analysed. The results give a comprehensive overview of the European near surface aerosol particle number concentrations and number size distributions between 30 and 500 nm of dry particle diameter. Spatial and temporal distribution of aerosols in ...

Particle biokinetics is important in hazard identification and characterization of inhaled particles. Such studies intend to convert external to internal exposure or biologically effective dose, and may help to set limits in that way. Here we focus on the biokinetics of inhaled nanometer sized particles in comparison to micrometer ...

Aerosol particle number size distributions and hygroscopic properties were measured at a pasture site in the southwestern Amazon region (Rondonia). The measurements were performed 11 September-14 November 2002 as part of LBA-SMOCC (Large scale Biosphere atmosphere experiment in Amazonia - SMOke aerosols, Clouds, rainfall and Climate), and cover the later part of the dry season ...

Airborne measurements of solar aureole intensities were carried out around Japan with a spectral scanning radiometer. Horizontal and vertical stratifications and volume spectra of tropospheric aerosols were retrieved from the measured solar aureole intensities. The results show that bimodal volume spectra of aerosols with a saddle point radius around 0.5 {mu}m are generally observed in the ...

Accumulation of oscillating electrons in an electron-string ion source is simulated by the particle-in-cell method. The electrons are accumulated in a long trap into which an electron beam is injected. It is shown that a chain of alternating phase holes and squeezed states forms in the trap. The dynamical features of such a ...

Aerosol size distribution data measured during the June 1992 Marine Aerosol and Gas Exchange experiment are analyzed to investigate the characteristics of fine marine aerosol particles measured over the North Atlantic near the Azores Islands. Measured aerosol size distribution data were corrected using the corrected size calibration data based on the optical properties of ...

The effects of continuously regenerating diesel particulate filter (CRDPF) systems on regulated gaseous emissions, and number-size distribution and mass of particles emanated from a diesel engine have been investigated in this study. Two CRDPF units (CRDPF-1 and CRDPF-2) with different specifications were separately retrofitted to the engine running with European steady-state ...

Recent studies have detected a dominant accumulation mode (~100 nm) in the Sea Spray Aerosol (SSA) number distribution. There is evidence to suggest that particles in this mode are composed primarily of organics. To investigate this hypothesis we conducted experiments on NaCl, artificial SSA and natural SSA ...

Recent studies have detected a dominant accumulation mode (~100 nm) in the Sea Spray Aerosol (SSA) number distribution. There is evidence to suggest that particles in this mode are composed primarily of organics. To investigate this hypothesis we conducted experiments on NaCl, artificial SSA and natural SSA ...

An improved energy confinement regime, I-mode, is studied in Alcator C-Mod, a compact high-field divertor tokamak using ion cyclotron range of frequencies (ICRFs) auxiliary heating. I-mode features an edge energy transport barrier without an accompanying particle barrier, leading to several performance benefits. ...

European regulation for Euro 5/6 light duty emissions introduced the measurement of non-volatile particles with diameter >23 nm. The volatile phase is removed by using a heated dilution stage (150 degrees C) and a heated tube (at 300-400 degrees C). We investigated experimentally the removal efficiency for volatile species of the specific protocol by conducting measurements ...

Particle emissions of modern diesel engines are of a particular interest because of their negative health effects. The special interest is in nanosized solid particles. The effect of an open channel filter on particle emissions of a modern heavy-duty diesel engine (MAN D2066 LF31, model year 2006) was studied. Here, the authors show ...

A field experiment was conducted to measure concentrations and size distributions of particle (10 nm < D(p) < 487 nm) at four heights in an asymmetric street canyon on Beijing East Road in Shanghai, China. It shows that particle number size distributions are bimodal or trimodal lognormal in form. At a certain height in the range from 1.5 to 20 m, ...

A system employing eight NaI detectors has been developed for tracking particles moving in a three-phase fluidized bed reactor. One particle is tagged with typically 2 MBq of 46Sc which emits high energy ?-rays. The system is calibrated by measuring the count-rates in the 8 detectors with the tagged particle placed at a number of ...

Aerosol particle emissions from wildfires have a large impact on air quality and climate. In this study we use published experimental data and different fitting procedures to derive particle number and mass emission factors (EFPN, EFPM) related to fuel category and mass of dry fuel burned as well as characteristic scaling ratios between ...

PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) fumes consisting of large numbers of ultrafine (uf) particles and low concentrations of gas-phase compounds can cause severe acute lung injury. Our studies were designed to test three hypotheses: (i) uf PTFE fume particles are causally involved in the induction of acute lung injury, (ii) uf PTFE elicit greater pulmonary ...

A new energetic particle-induced Geodesic Acoustic Mode (EGAM) is shown to exist. The mode frequency, mode structure, and mode destabilization are determined non-perturbatively by energetic particle kinetic effects. In particular the EGAM frequency is fou...

BackgroundElectrocautery, laser tissue ablation, and ultrasonic scalpel tissue dissection all generate a 'surgical smoke' containing ultrafine (<100 nm) and accumulation mode particles (< 1 ?m). Epidemiological and toxicological studies have shown that exposure to particulate air pollution is associated with adverse ...

... Title : Mode Coupling and Wave Particle Interactions for Unstable Ion Acoustic Waves. Descriptive Note : Technical rept.,. ...

Individual organic compounds can be used as tracers for primary sources of ambient particulate matter (PM) in chemical mass balance receptor models. Previous work has examined PM2.5 only and usually over long sampling periods encompassing entire days or longer. In this study, a high-flow-rate, low-pressure-drop ultrafine particle separator was deployed to collect sufficient ...

It is well understood that oceans generate airborne particulate matter from mechanical processes such as sea spray and bubble bursting. These particles are primarily composed of salts and other nonvolatile inorganic material; however, the organic mass fraction can vary by location and the extent of biological activity. The size distributions of aerosols in these environments ...

The concentration, size and composition of cloud droplets are important variables influencing radiative and chemical properties of clouds, as well as the potential for precipitation formation and scavenging. Since cloud droplets form on pre-existing aerosol particles, these variables depend strongly on the microphysical process of activation of such ...

The concentration, size and composition of cloud droplets are important variables influencing radiative and chemical properties of clouds, as well as the potential for precipitation formation and scavenging. Since cloud droplets form on pre-existing aerosol particles, these variables depend strongly on the microphysical process of activation of such ...

Accumulation rates of deposited aerosol particles on an inert gold surface and the resulting humidity interactions were investigated in situ outdoors using an atmospheric corrosivity probe based on the quartz crystal microbalance technique. In six exposures in one rural and two urban sites the common behavior is that the gold surfaces undergo both ...

Size fractionated indoor, outdoor and personal particulate matter (PM) samples were collected at four retirement communities of the Los Angeles basin between June 2005 and February 2007 by using personal cascade impactor samplers (PCISs). Two different 6-weeks sampling campaigns were conducted at each site and 24-hr coarse, accumulation, and quasi-ultrafine (UF) ...

A haze episode occurred on 12 September 2009 in Shanghai, when the mass ratio of PM1.0/PM2.5 (PM: particulate matter) reached 0.8. A similar variation of hygroscopic growth factor distribution was observed for Aitken mode particles and accumulation mode particles, implying that the enhancement ...

Aerosol size distributions, trace gas, and PM(2.5) concentrations have been measured in urban Jinan, China, over 6 months in 2007 and 2008, covering spring, summer, fall, and winter time periods. Number concentrations of particles (10-2,500 nm) were 16,200, 13,900, 11,200, and 21,600 cm(?-3) in spring, summer, fall, and winter, respectively. Compared with other urban studies, ...

Comparisons of helium (He) transport and exhaust in L-mode and in an enhanced confinement regime (H-mode), which is induced by a polarizing electrode, have been made for the TEXTOR tokamak. The results show an increased tendency for He accumulation when bulk plasma energy and particle confinement are improved ...

A charged particle spectrometer for performing ultrasensitive quantitative analysis of selected atomic components removed from a sample. Significant improvements in performing energy and angular refocusing spectroscopy are accomplished by means of a two dimensional structure for generating predetermined electromagnetic field boundary conditions. Both resonance and ...

A charged particle spectrometer is described for performing ultrasensitive quantitative analysis of selected atomic components removed from a sample. Significant improvements in performing energy and angular refocusing spectroscopy are accomplished by means of a two dimensional structure for generating predetermined electromagnetic field boundary conditions. Both resonance and ...

Single particle analysis of aerosols particles larger than 0.2 ?m diameter was performed on 24 samples collected over Surinam tropical rain forest and in the adjacent marine boundary layer (MBL) during the LBA-CLAIRE 98 campaign in March 1998. Elemental composition and morphology of 2308 particles was determined using SEM-EDX. The ...

... with the Limited Space charge Accumulation (LSA) mode in gallium arsenide is ... The operating frequency was more than 60 times the transit time ...

... AN ACCUMULATE-TOWARD-THE-MODE APPROACH TO CONFIDENCE INTERVALS AND ... 2. Hypothesis tests and confidence intervals 2 ...

In this paper modes of operation for block ciphers are considered. The focus is on a special class of modes, called the block chaining modes. We discuss modes with finite and infinite error propagation and propose the Accumulated Block Chaining (ABC) mode of the latter ...

Simulated aerosol fields from a coupled aerosol/atmospheric circulation model that includes prediction of both sulfate aerosol size and number are evaluated. Sensitivity tests are used to evaluate uncertainties due to the inclusion of primary emitted particulate sulfate as a means of representing nucleation of particles in subgrid-scale plumes, the use of two boundary layer ...

The interaction of alpha particles with a toroidicity induced Alfven eigenmode is investigated self-consistently by using a kinetic dispersion relation. All important poloidal harmonics and their radial mode profiles are included. A Hamiltonian guiding center code is used to simulate the alpha particle motion. The simulations include ...

Using the graph representation of stochastic degradation/evaporation processes, general solutions of kinetic rate equations are found and analyzed, describing degradation of complex systems with multiple bonds, such as particle aggregates, fractals, self-arranged systems, double-stranded polymers and polymer networks, biological molecules, etc. The analysis is conducted on the ...

Rationale: Zinc oxide is a common, biologically active constituent of particulate air pollution as well as a workplace toxin. Ultrafine particles (< 0.1 ?m diameter) are believed to be more potent than an equal mass of inhaled accumulation mode particles (0.1�1.0 ?m diameter). Objectives: We compared ...

Single particle analysis of aerosols particles larger than 0.2 ?m diameter was performed on samples collected in the tropical rain forest (Manaus, Brasil) during the AMAZE campaign in February and March 2008. The elemental composition and morphology of the particles were determined using SEM-EDX. The aerosol ...

Single particle analysis of aerosols particles larger than 0.2 �m diameter was performed on 24 samples collected over Surinam tropical rain forest and in the adjacent marine boundary layer (MBL) during the LBA-CLAIRE 98 campaign in March 1998. Elemental composition and morphology of 2308 particles was determined using SEM-EDX. The ...

Atmospheric particle number size distributions (size range 0.003-10 ?m) were measured between March 2008 and August 2009 at Shangdianzi (SDZ), a rural research station in the North China Plain. These measurements were made in an attempt to better characterize the tropospheric background aerosol in Northern China. The mean particle number concentrations of ...

Chemical mass size distributions of aerosol particles were measured in the remote marine boundary layer over the central Arctic Ocean as part of the Atmospheric Research Program on the Arctic Ocean Expedition 1996 (AOE-96). An inertial impaction method was used to classify aerosol particles into different size classes for subsequent chemical analysis. The ...

This paper presents a novel approach to investigate cloud-aerosol interactions by coupling a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm to a pseudo-adiabatic cloud parcel model. Despite the number of numerical cloud-aerosol sensitivity studies previously conducted few have used statistical analysis tools to investigate the sensitivity of a cloud model to input aerosol physiochemical parameters. ...

Single particle analysis was performed on samples taken at the Zeppelin Station, Svalbard, during the ASTAR campaign, 2004. Thirteen samples were selected to representatively cover the campaign period and different weather conditions. This particular period also covers the transition from an accumulation mode dominated size ...

The formation and evolution of fine particles and ice contrails in an aircraft exhaust plume containing varying amounts of fuel sulfur have been simulated using an advanced aerosol microphysics model. The ``core'' sulfate and soot particles are tracked during the contrail formation and dissipation phases. When ion electrostatic effects are incorporated ...

The body of information presented in this paper is directed towards the scientist or engineer who measures and interprets the physical characteristics of ambient air. This paper interprets measurements made with the Minnesota aerosol analyzing system (MAAS) in Denver, near Denver, and near Ft. Collins, Colo., and examines the measurements in the light of what has been learned from several thousand ...

Size-resolved aerosol number and mass concentrations and the mixing ratios of O3 and various trace gases were continuously measured at an urban station before and during the Beijing Olympic and Paralympic Games (5 June to 22 September, 2008). 23 new particle formation (NPF) events were identified; these usually were associated with changes in wind direction and/or rising ...

In this dissertation measurements of size segregated PM made during the period Dec 16th, 2000--Feb 3rd, 2001 at 5 locations near or within the San Joaquin Valley are discussed: Bodega Bay, Davis/Sacramento, Modesto, Bakersfield, and Sequoia National Park. Fine airborne particle (PM 1.8) concentrations at the most heavily polluted site (Bakersfield) increased from 20 mug m-3 to ...

Aerosol size distributions were measured during the summertime 1995 Southeastern Aerosol and Visibility Study (SEAVS) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park using an Active Scattering Aerosol Spectrometer (ASASP-X) optical particle counter. We present an overview of the experimental method, our data inversion technique, timelines of the size distribution parameters, and ...

A new parameterization for size resolved ultrafine particles (UFP) traffic emissions is proposed based on the results of PARTICULATES project (Samaras et al., 2005). It includes the emission factors from the Emission Inventory Guidebook (2006) (total number of particles, #/km/veh), the shape of the corresponding particle size ...

The Spallation Neutron Source Ring accumulates 1060 pulses of 38-mA peak current 1-GeV H-minus particles from the Linac through the HEBT line, then delivers this accumulated beam in a single pulse to a mercury target via the RTBT line. The dynamic range over the course of the accumulation cycle is 60 dB. As a ...

The Amazon tropical forest constitutes a complex ecosystem, in which the biosphere and the atmosphere are intrinsically related through the turbulent exchange of water vapor, aerosol particles and trace gases such as carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds. As a result of the intense convective activity typically observed in the tropics, these atmospheric constituents ...

Aerosol particle number size distributions and hygroscopic properties were measured at a pasture site in the southwestern Amazon region (Rondonia). The measurements were performed 11 September-14 November 2002 as part of LBA-SMOCC (Large scale Biosphere atmosphere experiment in Amazonia - SMOke aerosols, Clouds, rainfall and Climate), and cover the later part of the dry season ...

The interaction of high energy particles with an Alfven eigenmode is investigated self-consistently by using a realistic kinetic dispersion relation. All important poloidal mode numbers and their radial mode profiles as calculated with the NOVA-K code are included. A Hamiltonian guiding center code is used to simulate the alpha ...

The remote marine aerosol and the cloud droplet number concentration (CDNC) are examined with an aerosol microphysics box model in an attempt to better understand the processes involved in the formation and transformation of the marine aerosol. Emission of submicrometre sea-salt and dimethylsulfide (DMS) have been included together with aerosol dynamics, gas and liquid phase chemistry and cloud ...

While the Sahelian belt in West Africa stretches in the border between the global hot-spots of mineral dust and biomass burning aerosols, the presence of West African Monsoon is expected to create significant vertical and temporal variations in the regional aerosol properties through transport and mixing of particles from various sources (mineral dust, biomass burning, ...

This is the final report of a project to construct a trap to accumulate a large number of positrons.

The influences of ethanol and iso-butanol blended with gasoline on engine-out and post Three-Way Catalyst (TWC) particle size distribution and number concentration were studied using a GM 2.0L turbocharged Spark Ignition Direct Injection (SIDI) engine. The engine was operated using the production ECU with a dynamometer controlling the engine speed and the accelerator pedal ...

... DEPT OF APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING ... failure modes and damage accumulation; and ... residual properties of damaged composites. ...

Number concentrations of atmospheric aerosol particles were measured by a flow-switching type differential mobility particle sizer in an electrical mobility diameter range of 6-1000 nm in 30 channels near central Budapest with a time resolution of 10 min continuously from 3 November 2008 to 2 November 2009. Daily median number concentrations of ...

Gravitational field-flow fractionation (GFFF) utilizes the Earth's gravitational field as an external force that causes the settlement of particles towards the channel accumulation wall. Hydrodynamic lift forces oppose this action by elevating particles away from the channel accumulation wall. These two ...

The hygroscopic properties of atmospheric aerosols are highly relevant for the quantification of radiative effects in the atmosphere, but also of interest for the assessment of particle health effects upon inhalation. This article reports measurements of aerosol particle hygroscopicity in the highly polluted urban atmosphere of Beijing, China in January ...

Marangoni convection in a liquid bridge is induced by a temperature difference between two cylindrical rods. With the increasing temperature difference, tracer particles gather on a closed spiral loop in a liquid bridge. It is called Particle Accumulation Structure (PAS). The PAS has an azimuthal modal structure. Its azimuthal wave ...

Microphysical properties of jet exhaust aerosol and contrails were studied in the near field of the emitting aircraft for different fuel sulfur contents. Measurements were performed behind two different aircraft (ATTAS test aircraft of type VFW 614 and Airbus A310-300) using fuels with sulfur contents of 6 ppm and 2700 ppm, respectively. At closest approach (plume age <1s), the total number ...

Aerosol physical and optical properties were measured at two locations in northern India. The first measurement station was a background site in Mukteshwar, about 350 km northeast of New Delhi, in the foothills of the Indian Himalayas, with data from 2006 to 2009. The second measurement site was located in Gual Pahari, about 25 km south of New Delhi, with data from 2008 to 2009. At both stations, ...

Airborne particulate matter is a diverse pollutant class whose excessive presence in indoor air contributes to an array of adverse health and material-damage effects. Particles are classified according to their diameter into three size modes: ultrafine (0.1 microm), accumulation (0.1-2 microm), and coarse (= 2 microm). These ...

Based on the long-term in-situ observations of aerosol particle number size distributions and meteorological parameters, the traffic restriction measures during the Sino-African Summit (4 6 November 2006) in Beijing, China have been found to be remarkably efficient in reducing the number concentration of aerosol particles, in particular Aitken and ...

Based on the long-term in-situ observations of aerosol particle number size distributions and meteorological parameters, the measures of traffic restriction during the Sino-African Summit (4-6 November 2006) in Beijing, China have been found to be efficient in reducing the number concentration of aerosol particles, in particular Aitken and ...

The number-size distribution and hygroscopic growth of submicrometer aerosol particles were measured in central Amazonia during the first Cooperative LBA Airborne Regional Experiment (CLAIRE) wet season experiment in March-April 1998. This was the first time ever that these types of measurements were performed in the Amazon rain forest. A Differential Mobility ...

We report on the behaviour of small particles of dilute concentration in time-dependent (oscillatory) thermocapillary flow in cylindrical liquid bridges (LB). For certain aspect ratios and Marangoni numbers particles are found to accumulate in a dynamic particle string. This was observed for isodense ...

Electronics =========== Timed accumulations of particle counts satisfying various analog pulse-height discrimination levels. Timed accumulations of particle ...

... development of a charged-particle accumulator which ultimately should lead to the entrapment of a large quantity of antiparticles (antiprotons and ...

... documents development of a superconducting charged-particle accumulator whose ultimate goal is to trap a large number of antiparticles and to ...

A parameterization for cloud processing is presented that calculates activation of aerosol particles to cloud drops, cloud drop size, and pH-dependent aqueous phase sulfur chemistry. The parameterization is implemented in the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM. The cloud processing parameterization uses updraft speed, temperature, and aerosol size and chemical parameters ...

A parameterization for cloud processing is presented that calculates activation of aerosol particles to cloud drops, cloud drop size, and pH-dependent aqueous phase sulfur chemistry. The parameterization is implemented in the global aerosol-climate model ECHAM5-HAM. The cloud processing parameterization uses updraft speed, temperature, and aerosol size and chemical parameters ...

We propose a selective-steric-mode Field-Flow Fractionation (ssFFF) technique for size separation of particles. Grafting a dense polymer brush onto the accumulation wall of a microchannel adds two novel effects to FFF: the particles must pay an entropic cost to enter the brush and the brush has a hydrodynamic ...

Pellet fueling experiments on Alcator C focused on the regime of improved energy and particle confinement, where it was observed that transport for the ionic species was reasonably well described by neo-classical theory. Ion energy transport dropped and particle confinement, particularly for impurity species increased dramatically. These effects have been ...

Aerosol size distributions were measured in June 2010 downwind of the surface oil slick produced by the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. Previous work has shown that rapid condensation of partially oxidized hydrocarbons was responsible for formation of a plume of secondary organic aerosol downwind of the spill region. Here we examine new particle formation ...

Impurity studies in L- and H-mode discharges in PBX have shown that both types of discharges can evolve into either an impurity accumulative or nonaccumulative case. In a typical accumulative discharge, Zeff peaks in the center to values of about 5. The central metallic densities can be high, n/sub met//n/sub e/ approx. = 0.01, ...

Intensive measurements of chemical and physical properties of the atmospheric aerosol have been performed at two sites in central Europe during the Melpitz-Intensive (MINT) in November 1997 and the Lindenberg Aerosol Characterization Experiment 1998 (LACE 98) in July and August 1998. Number-size distributions, hygroscopic particle growth, size-segregated gravimetric mass, and ...

This paper presents results from a study conducted in two urban areas of southern California, Downey and Riverside, to examine the effect of different sources and formation mechanisms on the size distribution and temporal trends of ultrafine particles. Near-continuous data were collected for 5 months at each location. Our data clearly identified Downey as a source site, ...

Measurements of particle number size distribution in the range of 10-487 nm were made at four heights on one side of an asymmetric street canyon on Beijing East Road in Shanghai, China. The result showed that the number size distributions were bimodal or trimodal and lognormal in form. Within a certain height from 1.5 to 20 m, the particle size ...

We investigated the particle size distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/F) in atmospheric samples collected at four sites. The largest amounts of particle-bound PCDD/F were found on small particles with aerodynamic diameters (dae) of less than 1.1 microns that accounted for over 50% of the total ...

A relative humidity-moderated differential mobility optical particle size spectrometer (RH-DMOPSS) was developed to measure particle size distributions at different humidity conditions in the 0.1- to 1.1-?m size range. The system has a high-flow differential mobility analyzer followed by an optical counter and condensation particle ...

While West Africa is recognized as being one of the global hot-spots of atmospheric aerosols, the presence of West African Monsoon is expected to create significant spatial and temporal variations in the regional aerosol properties through mixing particles from various sources (mineral dust, biomass burning, sulfates, sea salt). To improve our understanding of the complexity ...

Size-separated aerosol number concentrations and water-soluble constituents were measured in Toyama, the Hokuriku district, near the coast of the Japan Sea, during the spring and summer in 2003. The number concentrations of coarse particles were significantly high in April, which was due to Asian dust events called Kosa in Japanese. Particulate nssCa2+, which is mostly present ...

Using a biochemically complex cytoplasmic extract to reconstitute actin-based motility of Listeria monocytogenes and polystyrene beads coated with the bacterial protein ActA, we have systematically varied a series of biophysical parameters and examined their effects on initiation of motility, particle speed, speed variability, and path trajectory. Bead size had a profound ...

... wave whistler-mode transition by resonant particles in a region limited in spatial extent. It is found that nonlinear wave-particle interaction results in ...

Within the framework of the POLARCAT-France campaign, aerosol physical, chemical and optical properties over Greenland were measured onboard the French ATR-42 research aircraft. The Lagrangian particle dispersion model FLEXPART was used to determine air mass origins. The study focuses particularly on the characterization of air masses transported from the North American ...

This study was part of the international field measurement Campaigns of Air Quality Research in Beijing and Surrounding Region 2006 (CAREBeijing-2006). We investigated a new particle formation event in a highly polluted air mass at a regional site south of the megacity Beijing and its impact on the abundance and properties of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). During the 1-month ...

Size-segregated atmospheric aerosols (11 stages separating particles from <0.04 to >14.2 ?m) collected in the Arctic during the polar sunrise at Alert were analyzed for aerosol mass, dicarboxylic acids, and major inorganic ions. Oxalic, malonic, succinic, and glutaric acids were detected in all size ranges, with oxalic acid being dominant. Their concentrations maximized ...

Laboratory measurements were conducted to determine particle size distribution and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) emissions from the burning of rice, wheat, and corn straws, three major agricultural crop residues in China. Particle size distributions were determined by a wide-range particle spectrometer (WPS). PAHs in both the ...

Biodiesel is one of the most promising alternative diesel fuels. As diesel emission regulations have become more stringent, the diesel particulate filter (DPF) has become an essential part of the aftertreatment system. Knowledge of kinetics of exhaust particle oxidation for alternative diesel fuels is useful in estimating the change in regeneration behavior of a DPF with such ...

Numerous studies have described the adverse associations between particle mass and respiratory health. The aim of the study was to analyze the associations of particle properties, especially size-segregated particle number concentrations (PNC), and respiratory mortality in Beijing, P.R. China. We gathered daily values of respiratory ...

We investigate the dispersion properties of leaky-mode resonance elements with emphasis on slow-light applications. Using particle swarm optimization, we design three exemplary bandpass leaky-mode devices. A single-layer silicon-on-insulator leaky-mode element shows a time-delay peak of ~8 ps at the resonance ...

Two Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS) were operated at the three main field sites during the PACIFIC 2001 experiment in the Lower Fraser Valley, BC, Canada during the summer of 2001. The instruments deliver quantitative mass loadings of the volatile and semi-volatile components of sub micron particles, including sulphate, nitrate, ammonium and organics, information on ...

The degree of activation of accumulation-mode particles (AMP) in clouds has been studied using continuous (1 second average) aircraft measurements of the number concentrations of cloud droplets (N[sub cd], 2 to 35 [mu]m diameter) and of unactivated AMP (N[sub amp], 0.17 to 2.07 [mu]m diameter) in cloud interstitial air. The magnitude and spatial variation ...

The degree of activation of accumulation-mode particles (AMP) in clouds has been studied using continuous (1 second average) aircraft measurements of the number concentrations of cloud droplets (N{sub cd}, 2 to 35 {mu}m diameter) and of unactivated AMP (N{sub amp}, 0.17 to 2.07 {mu}m diameter) in cloud interstitial air. The magnitude and spatial variation ...

Quasi-particle descriptions of thermal or weakly turbulent fluctuations in classical many particle systems may be based on a complete set of eigen-modes which, for a Maxwell-Vlasov electron plasma, comprise a set of continuous and discrete modes, both lon...

Particle number size distributions and hygroscopic properties of marine and Saharan dust aerosol were investigated during the SAMUM-2 field study at Cape Verde in winter 2008. Aitken and accumulation mode particles were mainly assigned to the marine aerosol, whereas coarse mode ...

This is the first estimation of the contribution of ultrafine particles to the lung deposition of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the atmosphere. The size distributions of nine PAHs (4-6 rings) were measured at roadside and suburban sites in winter in Japan. Deposition efficiencies and fluxes of PAHs in ultrafine ...

In the past few years the DLR Falcon 20, a German twin-jet research aircraft with a maximum ceiling of 13~km, has participated in a number of experiments devoted to the characterization of aerosol properties in the troposphere and the tropopause region. Total aerosol number concentrations for Aitken mode and ultrafine particles have been measured with ...

A high-temperature volatility system has been deployed for the measurement of the composition and concentration of the accumulation mode aerosol (0.05 ?mParticle Measuring Systems ASASP-X optical ...

... COOLING, NITROGEN, GASES, ELECTRODES, CRYOPUMPING, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ANTIPARTICLES, UNITED KINGDOM. ...

... GENERAL), RADIOFREQUENCY, ELEMENTARY PARTICLES, ANNIHILATION REACTIONS, ANTIPARTICLES, MAGNETIC MIRRORS. ...

A device for detecting the emission of charged particles from a specimen is described. The specimen is placed within an accumulator means which statically accumulates any charged particles emitted from the specimen. The accumulator means is pivotally positioned between a first capacitor ...

Number concentrations of atmospheric aerosol particles were measured by a flow-switching type differential mobility particle sizer in an electrical mobility diameter range of 6-1000 nm in 30 channels near central Budapest with a time resolution of 10 min continuously from 3 November 2008 to 2 November 2009. Daily median number concentrations of ...

We developed a code for the direct numerical simulation of particle-laden turbulent flows, using the Eulerian-Lagrangian point-particle approach. The code uses a semi-implicit coupling scheme between the particles and the fluid, and a standard finite-volume single-phase solver, which can run either in DNS or LES ...

... The continuum modes are dressed single particle excitations with real eigenvalues; they can be expressed alternatively in terms of discrete quasi ...

... significant a limitation as the; primary particle size of ... This study confirms reaerosolization of virus particles to be a mode of loss in impingement ...

During fall and winter 1986-87, aerosol samples were collected with a 5-stage impactor in an urban, a suburban and a rural area in Central Europe. The weak acid content of aerosol particles was characterized by buffer capacity titrations, and organic acids were determined. C4-C6 dicarboxylic acids were found to be the main constituents of aerosol organic acids, with the ...

It is well known that fishbone oscillations occur in the tokamak plasma at high {epsilon}{beta}p and in the presence of large hot trapped particle population. We adopt and extend the formalism of Chen et al. to analyze the trapped hot ion induced fishbones in the ITER-type plasma. Using the familiar assumptions like large assumptions like large aspect ratio and low beta, we ...

The authors present a particle algorithm to extend simulation capabilities for plasma based materials processing reactors. The orbit integrator uses a syncopated leap-frog algorithm in cylindrical coordinates, which maintains second order accuracy, and minimizes computational complexity. Plasma source terms are accumulated orbit consistently directly in ...

Because some chemicals in pulp mill effluent tend to bind to particles, it has been postulated that the presence of suspended particles may reduce the ... ...

We have investigated the formation of cloud droplets under pyro-convective conditions using a cloud parcel model with detailed spectral microphysics and with the ?-K�hler model approach for efficient and realistic description of the cloud condensation nucleus (CCN) activity of aerosol particles. Assuming a typical biomass burning aerosol size distribution ...

A new energetic particle-induced Geodesic Acoustic Mode (EGAM) is shown to exist. The mode frequency, mode structure, and mode destabilization are determined non-perturbatively by energetic particle kinetic effects. In particular the EGAM frequency is found to be ...

A new energetic particle-induced Geodesic Acoustic Mode (EGAM) is shown to exist. The mode frequency, mode structure, and mode destabilization are determined non-perturbatively by energetic particle kinetic effects. In particular we find the EGAM frequency is substantially ...

Asian aerosols have received increasing attention because of their potential health and climate effects and the rapid increasing of Asian emissions associated with accelerating economic expansion. Aerosol particles appear in the atmosphere due to either in-situ nucleation (i.e, secondary particles) or direct emissions (i.e., primary ...

A size-segregated aerosol model that includes most of the major physical processes (generation, transport, and dry and wet deposition) is developed. This model is coupled with a Regional Air Quality Model (RAQM) and is applied to simulate Asian dust storms during the 10-day period of 15-24 March 2002. A nonhydrostatic mesoscale model (MM5) is used to provide meteorological fields. Model results ...

Diurnal variation of number size distribution (particle size 3-800nm) and modal parameters (geometric standard deviation, geometric mean diameter and modal aerosol particle concentration) in a highly polluted urban environment was investigated during October and November 2002 in New Delhi, India. Continuous monitoring for more than two weeks with the time ...

Diurnal variation of number size distribution (particle size 3-800 nm) and modal parameters (geometric standard deviation, geometric mean diameter and modal aerosol particle concentration) in a highly polluted urban environment was investigated during October and November 2002 in New Delhi, India. Continuous monitoring for more than two weeks with the time ...

This paper presents hygroscopicity measurements of aerosol particles in the urban atmosphere of Beijing carried out in January 2005. Therefore, three different methods were used: 1) Combining Humidifying Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (H-DMPS) and Twin Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (TDMPS) measurements; 2) Hygroscopicity ...

In the July 2001 transition period between the wet and dry season, aerosol particle size distribution and hygroscopic growth were measured in central Amazonia, as a part of the LBA-CLAIRE experiment. The sub-micron particle number-size distribution were studied with a Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS) and a Hygroscopic Tandem ...

We measured in situ measurements vertical profiles and horizontal transects of aerosol optical and physical properties during the Chesapeake Lighthouse and Aircraft Measurements for Satellites (CLAMS) field campaign off the East Coast of the United States during the summer of 2001. These data are presented and compared to aerosol products derived from the Multi-angle Imaging Spectro-Radiometer ...

Airborne in situ measurements of vertical profiles and horizontal transects of aerosol optical and physical properties, obtained during the Chesapeake Lighthouse and Aircraft Measurements for Satellites (CLAMS) field campaign off the East Coast of the United States during the summer of 2001, are presented. Most of the measurements were obtained in relatively clean air dominated by airflows that ...

A condensation generator system of novel design for sulfuric acid aerosol was constructed and tested. In the system a stream of nitrogen is passed along a small surface area wetted with sulfuric acid by capillary action. Sulfuric acid is evaporated from the area by resistive heating with an alternating current and then condensed to small droplets in the gas stream. Variation in aerosol output ...

The effective microbial remediation of the mercury necessitates the mercury to be trapped within the cells without being recycled back to the environment. The study describes a mercury bioaccumulating strain of Enterobacter sp., which remediated mercury from the medium simultaneous to its growth. The transmission electron micrographs and electron dispersive X-ray analysis revealed the ...

Lunar core 76001 is a 4 cm-diameter drive tube, collected 12 meters downhill and to the side of the Station 6 boulder complex at the foot of the North Massif. The core contains dark, fine-grained, FMR-mature soil with scattered, very-large fragments of crystallized-matrix breccia. Except for the large rock fragments, the soil column is unusually fine and homogeneous for a lunar core. ...

Gauge theories embedded into higher-dimensional spaces with certain topologies acquire inductance terms, which reflect the energy cost of topological charges accumulated in the extra dimensions. We compute topological susceptibility in the strongly-coupled two-flavor massive Schwinger model with such an inductance term and find that it vanishes, due to the contribution of a ...

Dust lattice (DL) wave modes in a one-dimensional plasma crystal suspended in the plasma sheath are studied. The ion flow in the sheath introduces an anisotropy, in particular "ion wakes" below the crystal particles. This leads to two types of transverse wave mode. It is shown that the "horizontal transverse mode" ...

The use of an inert, radioactively labeled microsphere as a measure of particle accumulation (filtration activity) by Mulinia lateralis (Say) and Mytilus edulis L. was evaluated. Bottom sediment plus temperature and salinity of the water were varied to induce changes in filtratio...

A novel particle simulation code, the electromagnetic spacecraft environment simulator (EMSES), has been developed for the self-consistent analysis of spacecraft-plasma interactions on the full electromagnetic (EM) basis. EMSES includes several boundary treatments carefully coded for both longitudinal and transverse electric fields to satisfy perfect conductive surface ...

For a period of almost 3 years, sampling of size-fractionated ambient particulate matter with diameter below 10 ?m (PM10) was performed at urban source sites (Downey and University of Southern California) and inland receptor sites (Claremont and Riverside) in the Los Angeles Basin as part of the Southern California Particle Center and Supersite. Results for size-resolved PM10 ...

The chemical, optical, and physical properties of aerosols above the surface are controlled to a large degree by the size distributions of chemical species. A given mass of sulfate, for instance, will have a much larger light scattering coefficient if it is in the accumulation mode than the coarse mode. The angular dependence of light ...

A unique opportunity arose during the MAP project to compare open ocean aerosol measurements with those undertaken at the Mace Head Global Atmosphere Watch Station, a station used for decades for aerosol process research and long-term monitoring. The objective of the present study is to demonstrate that the key aerosol features and processes observed at Mace Head are characteristic of the open ...

ionizing particle detectors, and the single event ... primary particle charge and contributes to the .... acquired in a full frame readout mode using a ...

Feb 22, 2011 ... SP2: Single particle soot photometer- black carbon particles (NOAA Earth ... NMASS: Nuclei-mode Aerosol Size Spectrometer- particle size ...

Thirdly (Steps 9 and 10), a new mode for each new particle ..... a single particle raises a flag this may be because of an actual fault in ...

The atmospheric aerosol samples were collected before and in the heating period during October 2007-April 2008 in Qingdao coastal region, and inorganic nitrogen components were analyzed using IC (Ion Chromatography). The results showed that the concentration of aerosol particles and particulate inorganic nitrogen components (NH4+, NO3-) were increased from 137.41 microg/m3, ...

The air quality model, CMAQ-AIM, was used to simulate the formation of coarse particle nitrate in coastal areas. CMAQ-AIM adopts USEPA's Models-3/CMAQ as the host photochemical model and employs a mechanistic, fully dynamic, internally-mixed, sectional aerosol module containing twelve aerosol species in nine size sections spanning 0.03 to 20 ? m. The model's superior ...

Cavity ring down measurements are performed on accumulation mode aerosol, 240 nm to 700 nm in diameter, over a range in wavelength, extending from 540 to 570 nm. We demonstrate that the measured variation in extinction efficiency with wavelength can be used to retrieve the dispersion in the real part of the refractive index. These measurements are ...

Key phenomena controlling the transport barrier in H-mode plasmas on the Alcator C-Mod tokamak are discussed. Type I edge localized modes (ELMs) are not observed. Instead the particle transport barrier is continuously degraded giving rise to `enhanced 0741-3335/41/3A/054/img1' operation which avoids the deleterious impurity ...

The control of a model system describing thin film growth processes from a multicomponent gas with chemical reactions occurring between components of source phase is studied. It is shown that condensation of thin films may be realized by different ways. In particular, for a low rate of particles arriving on a substrate the stable condensation mode occurs ...

This study explored (a) whether postischemic accumulation of calcium in hippocampal neurons precedes or occurs pari passu with light microscopical signs of delayed neuronal necrosis, and (b) whether calcium initially accumulates in dendritic domains, presumed to have a high density of agonist-operated calcium channels. Transient ischemia of 10-min duration ...

An analog storage cell circuit includes a switch that minimizes subthreshold conduction and diode leakage, as well as an accumulation-mode coupling mechanism to minimize overall switch leakage to minimize accumulation-mode leakage. In one embodiment, an a...

With the fast increase in vehicles on roads in China, element carbon (EC) becomes a more and more abundant component in urban ambient aerosols; however, size distribution characteristics of EC emissions from Chinese vehicles are unknown. In this study, we collected six sets of size segregated aerosol samples using a 10-stage MOUDI sampler (0.056-18 um) in Zhujiang tunnel, a roadway tunnel in the ...

The goal of this project is to more accurately model the aerosol size distribution with the Community Multiscale Air Quality modeling system (CMAQ). The approach is to compare its performance to observations in the Pacific Northwest and to make improvements to the model science. The official CMAQ v4.4 underpredicts the total particle number concentration by 1-2 orders of ...

Analytical theories for the excitations in tokamaks of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) modes with large toroidal mode numbers (n>>1) are presented. Specifically, only instability mechanisms due to resonances with energetic ions/alpha particles are considered. I...

... Title : Transferred Electron Oscillators Operating in the Transit Time and Limited Space-Charge Accumulation Modes. Descriptive ...

... Polyamines, mainly putrescine and spermidine, accumulated in macrophages infected with Leishmania tropica major promastigotes grown in vitro. ...

... Keywords: Galium arsenide; Aluminum; Reprints; Stibium. Descriptors : *PLASMONS, *HETEROJUNCTIONS, ACCUMULATION ...

Fine particles and coarse particles are defined in terms of the modal structure of particle size distributions typically observed in the atmosphere. Differences among the various modes are discussed. The fractions of fine and coarse particles collected in specific size ranges, ...

The internal kink mode is destabilized by trapped high energy particles, leading to a new branch of the internal kink dispersion relation with a real frequency near the average trapped particle precession frequency and a growth rate of the same magnitude. This trapped particle branch of the dispersion relation is ...

Atmospheric size distributions provide fundamental information for studying atmospheric particle physics. To study and monitor the air quality in the Lower Fraser Valley, Vancouver, BC, Pacific 2001 field study was held in Vancouver during August 13th to September 1st 2001. As part of the Pacific 2001 study, aerosol size distributions were measured at Eagle Ridge, just east of ...

The kinetic effect of energetic trapped particles on the stability of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) ballooning mode is studied in a tokamak with the circular cross section. The bounce resonance contribution of trapped energetic particles is found to play an i...

Data set acquired by five particle-dedicated instruments set up on the SIRTA experimental site during the ParisFog field campaign are exploited to document microphysical properties of particles contributing to extinction of visible radiation in variable situations. The case study is a 48-hour period when atmospheric conditions are highly variable: relative ...

Data set acquired by five particle-dedicated instruments set up on the SIRTA experimental site during the ParisFog field campaign are exploited to document microphysical properties of particles contributing to extinction of visible radiation in variable situations. The case study is a 48-hour period when atmospheric conditions are highly variable: relative ...

Impurity studies in L- and H-mode discharges in PBX have shown that both types of discharges can evolve into either an impurity accumulative or nonaccumulative case. In a typical accumulative discharge, Zeff peaks in the center to values of about 5. The c...

A suite of particulate, gaseous and meteorological measurements during the Pittsburgh Supersite experiment were used to characterize the impact of the 2002 Quebec wildfires on pollutant concentrations and physical and chemical processes dominant in the region. Temporal trends in the number distribution of wildfire particles (isolated using Rapid ...

Size, morphology, and microstructure of particles emitted from one light-duty passenger vehicle (Buick Century; model year 1990; PM (particulate matter) mass emission rate 3.1 mg/km) and two light-duty trucks (Chevrolet C2; model year 1973; PM mass emission rate 282 mg/km, and Chevrolet El Camino; model year 1976; PM mass emission rate 31 mg/km), running California's unified ...

Size-resolved vertical aerosol number fluxes of particles in the diameter range 0.25-2.5 ?m were measured with the eddy covariance method from a 53 m high tower over the Amazon rain forest, 60 km NNW of Manaus, Brazil. This study focuses on data measured during the relatively clean wet season, but a shorter measurement period from the more polluted dry season is used as a ...

... sites to evaluate the accumulation of dioxins and furans in sediment and crayfish. Sediment and crayfish sampling ... samples were collected and analyzed for seventeen dioxin/furan congeners, particle siz...

In May 2008 the EUCAARI-LONGREX aircraft field campaign was conducted within the EUCAARI intensive observational period. The campaign aimed at studying the distribution and evolution of air mass properties on a continental scale. Airborne aerosol and trace gas measurements were performed aboard the German DLR Falcon 20 and the British FAAM BAe-146 aircraft. This paper outlines the meteorological ...

The European integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions (EUCAARI) focuses on understanding the interactions of climate and air pollution. As part of the EUCAARI intensive observational period, an aircraft field campaign (EUCAARI-LONGREX) was conducted in May 2008. The campaign aimed at studying the distribution and evolution of air mass properties on a continental ...

Continuous monitors were employed for 18 months in an occupied townhouse to measure ultrafine, fine, and coarse particles; air change rates; wind speed and direction; temperature; and relative humidity (RH). A main objective was to document short-term and long-term variation in indoor air concentrations of size-resolved particles (0.01-20 microm) caused by ...

The study of the growth of nucleation-mode particles is important, as this prevents their loss through diffusion and allows them to reach sizes where they may become effective cloud condensation nuclei. Hyyti�l�, a forested site in southern Finland, frequently experiences particle nucleation events during the spring and autumn, ...

The tensile properties and fracture behavior of cast aluminum alloys A356 and A357 strongly depend on secondary dendrite arm spacing (SDAS), Mg content, and, in particular, the size and shape of eutectic silicon particles and Fe-rich intermetallics. In the unmodified alloys, increasing the cooling rate during solidification refines both the dendrites and eutectic ...

A new nonlinear equation has been derived and solved for the evolution of an unstable collective mode in a kinetic system close to the threshold of linear instability. The resonant particle response produces the dominant nonlinearity, which can be calculated iteratively in the near-threshold regime as long as the mode doe snot trap ...

Two Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometers (AMS) were operated at the three main field sites during the PACIFIC 2001 experiment in the Lower Fraser Valley, Canada during the summer of 2001. The instruments deliver quantitative mass loadings of volatile and semi-volatile components of sub micron particles, including sulfate, nitrate, ammonium and the volatile organic fraction. ...

We have observed a bursting mode in the high-beta plasmas above the ideal beta limit without a conducting wall. The mode frequency is chirping down as the mode amplitude increases, and its initial value is close to the precession frequency of the trapped energetic particle from the perpendicular neutral beams. The ...