... The instrument is suitable for absolute and relative measurements of ... for gauging of other less accurate instruments for measuring magnetic fields ...

With the arrival of highly accurate multi-port pressure measurement systems, ... With multi-port pressure measurement systems, the sensing elements are ...

Advancements in the performance and ease of use of absolute photodetectors based upon electrical substitution principals offers the possibility of a simplified and more accurate way to transfer the fundamental radiometric, photometric, and pyrometric unit...

A composite mechanical system of absolute pressure measurement and density regulation of a flowing gas target, used in high precision nuclear scattering experiments, is described. Absolute pressures of one torr are read accurately to 10/sup -3/ torr. The sensitivity could readily be extended to 10/ sup -5/ ...

Absolute values of the column densities [?t]c of four gold foils were measured using micrometry combined with the 2D X-ray attenuation profile. The absolute calibration of [?t]c was made with a reference foil and the [?t]c of other foils were determined following the thickness transfer method. By this method, we obtain ...

With the arrival of highly accurate multi-port pressure measurement systems, conditions that previously did not affect overall system accuracy must now be scrutinized closely. Errors caused by elevation differences between pressure sensing elements and mo...

A split-pulse spectrometer based on pairs of time-delayed femtosecond pulses can give access to accurate frequency measurements in the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) spectral domain. We demonstrate this approach by measuring the absolute frequency of a single-XUV-photon transition to a bound state of atomic argon ...

Absolute total cross sections for the Ne + Ne, Ar + Ar and O2 + O2 interactions have been measured in the thermal energy range using the crossed nozzle beam technique. The atom-atom total cross section measurements are regarded as sufficiently accurate to...

A new method of applying optic fiber sensor to high accurate ground deformation measurement, which is based on the idea about the optic fiber interference combined with fiber grating and the utilization of the characteristics of Bragg wavelength absolute measurement and high accurate relative ...

... Title : Characteristic Functional of a Probability Measure Absolutely Continuous with Respect to a Gaussian Radon Measure. ...

This article describes the final refinements of a novel application of the transient hot-wire technique developed for the absolute, accurate measurements of the thermal conductivity of solids. Although the technique was originally developed five years ago, these new refinements allow a full understanding of the method and hence the ...

Using collinear fast beam cw dye laser modulation spectroscopy, accurate lifetimes in Th II have been measured. Together with known branching ratios, these lifetimes have allowed the determination of absolute oscillator strengths for Th II. This element is of astrophysical interest as a chronometer for stellar and galaxy evolution, ...

The ability of neutron probes to provide accurate and reproducible soil moisture measurements is discussed. It is stressed that sensitivity of the probe in terms of soil moisture measurements is of greater interest than efficiency in terms of absolute counts or counting rate per millicurie. The importance ...

A measurement of length performed by optical interferometry in air requires accurate values for the absolute refractive index of air and for the dispersion (variation of refractive index with wavelength) of air in the visible part of the electromagnetic s...

ABS>A method developed for recording the isotopes undergoing K-capture effects and an improved electromagnetic analyzer used in the absolute count of K capture events are described. The simplicity of the installation and accurate identification of radiation are the best features of the apparatus. (R.V.J.)

We compare ab initio broad spectrum calculations of the K-edge X-ray absorption spectra of copper and molybdenum against accurate experimental measurements and tabulated standards on an absolute scale. Comparisons are also presented for the fine structure in the spectra.

... Title : Absolute Gravity Measurements with Reversible Pendulums at Potsdam, 1968-1969 (Absolute Schwaremessungen mit Reversionpendein in ...

Many commercial metrology systems exist for making accurate surface form and roughness measurements of nominally planar parts. However, few metrology systems exist for making accurate absolute thickness measurements. At Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory there is an increasing need for ...

The MSTAR sensor (Modulation Sideband Technology for Absolute Ranging) is a new system for measuring

... Accession Number : AD0616613. Title : AN ABSOLUTE MEASUREMENT OF THERMAL NEUTRON ALBEDO FOR SEVERAL MATERIALS. ...

... CURRENT UNDERSTANDING OF THE ABSOLUTE MEASUREMENTS OF THE AMOUNT, FREQUENCY SPECTRA, AND WAVE FORMS OF THE ...

... for Absolute Measurements at the ... of a Lyman-alpha photometer on ... MAGNETOSPHERE, ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION), SCIENTIFIC SATELLITES ...

A new infrared differential absorption - passive thermal emission based instrument designed to make accurate in-cloud measurements of absolute humidity, air temperature, relative humidity, and ice and water supersaturations has been developed. Absolute hu...

Methods, procedures and programs for absolute gamma and X-ray spectrometric determination of U and Pu isotopic ratios have been developed. The low energy (84-99) keV range of the U gamma and X-ray spectrum is used for U analyses. Two possibilities are pro...

The thermal neutron fluence rate is determined by the gold activation method. The absolute activity of the irradiated gold foil is measured by a 4??-? coincidence counter. Using this method, corrections for the detection of conversion electrons and gamma rays by a 4?? counter are very important to obtain accurate ...

Accurate measurements of calcite, quartz, and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) retarder plates were required as part of a project to measure the characteristics of the solar interior. Important criteria were absolute retardation of multiple-order quartz wave plates, uniformity of retardation of relatively thick ...

Since 2001, the absolute gravimeter FG5#215 has been used for modernization of national gravity networks in Czech Republic, Slovakia and Hungary. Altogether 37 absolute sites were measured at least once. In case of 29 sites, the absolute gravity has been determined prior to the FG5#215 by other ...

Axicon surfaces are widely used in nowadays optical engineering, requiring accurate metrology for these highly aspheric surfaces. In this contribution, we present a complete approach to determine the shape deviation of axicons in an absolute manner. The setup is an interferometric null configuration using a computer generated hologram (CGH) as null optics. ...

The need for a subsurface imaging technique to locate and characterize subsurface defects in multidimensional micro- and nanoengineered devices has been growing rapidly. We show that a subsurface heater can be located accurately using the phase lag of a thermal wave. We deduce that the absolute phase lag is composed of four components. Among the four ...

Accurate measurements of electronic properties of molecular junctions are important for both fundamental and practical applications. Often the molecule-electrode contacts are poorly characterized, leading to wide variation in the measured resistance values. A new paper in this issue demonstrates the use of a reference molecule as an ...

We present precise and absolute measurements of full complex third-order optical susceptibility on different fused-silica and original glasses composed of tellurium, titanium, and niobium erbium. These materials are designed to be the key point for applications ranging from high-power laser systems to optoelectronics; their nonlinear index of refraction is ...

A new absolute pressure measurement system based on the simultaneous measurement of length and ultrasonic transit times is described. The system was used to determine the transition pressure of pure mercury at 0 deg C at 7571.2 plus or minus 1.6 bars. It is particularly advantageous to use a device for calibrating secondary ...

We propose an improved equation for calculating the uranium concentration in thick samples based on induced fission-track counts in an external detector that takes into consideration (1) the fission-fragment ranges in the sample and external detector, (2) the etchable track length and (3) the track counting efficiency in the external detector. The values of these parameters have been determined by ...

... Title : EXTENSION OF ABSOLUTE FREQUENCY MEASUREMENTS TO 148 THZ: FREQUENCIES OF THE 20- AND 35- MICRONS XE LASER, IN ...

... Accession Number : AD0178854. Title : ABSOLUTE CAPACITANCE MICROCREEP AND DIMENSIONAL STABILITY MEASURING SYSTEM. ...

... Absolute Measurement of Sound Pressure in Liquids. ... of Plane, Finite Amplitude Waves in a ... Optical Method for Ultrasonic Velocity Measurements at ...

In this paper we describe the calibration of a photometer designed to measure the cosmic microwave background radiation in the frequency range from 3 to 10 cm/sup -1/. The general problem of absolute calibration for such measurements is discussed. The design of a new experiment which is different in most important respects from the ...

A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) requires accurate measurement of the motion of the imaging platform to produce well-focused images with minimal absolute position error. The motion measurement (MoMeas) system consists of a inertial measurement unit (IMU) ...

The subject of this study was to measure volume flows of air in absolute terms in the flow range 200-2,500 cbm/h at an uncertainty of 0.1% only. The measurement method was to detect system errors. The study focusses on the laser-Doppler anemometer, the me...

The Phase 1 project focused on the development of a multiwave interferometer to measure absolute distance. Its applications are in gauging and for measuring absolute position of machine tools, and coordinate measuring machines. This interferometer overcom...

Recently, major emphasis has been to develop techniques for generating efficiencies for volume sources for field applications. The present work is aimed at establishing a methodology for laboratories to improve the precision of their detector efficiencies from {approx}0.5 to near 0.1% for both relative and absolute efficiencies. Measurements of sources ...

BS>A method was developed for the determination of the decomposition constant of the RaD (Pb/sup 210/) nuclide by means of absolute radiation particle counting. It was found that the decomposition half life is 22.85 yr. By knowing this figure, it is possible to prepare accurate RaD + E measurement standards without the ...

Electron-impact-ionization cross sections have been measured for the halogen atoms F, Cl, Br, and I from threshold to 200 eV. The absolute accuracy is +- 14%, except for F which is +- 20%. The halogen cross sections have shapes similar to those of the neighboring rare gases but are greater in magnitude. Simple semiclassical formulas of electron-impact ...

The future experimental program at Jefferson Lab requires an absolute current calibration of a 1{mu}A CW electron beam to better than 1% accuracy. This paper presents the mechanical and electrical design of a Tungsten calorimeter that is being constructed to provide an accurate measurement of the deposited energy. The energy is ...

The future experimental program at Jefferson Lab requires an absolute current calibration of a 1 {mu}A CW electron beam to better than 1% accuracy. This paper presents the mechanical and electrical design of a Tungsten calorimeter that is being constructed to provide an accurate measurement of the deposited energy. The energy is ...

We developed an integrated monochromatic excitation light source integrating sphere based detection system to accurately characterize the absolute photoluminescence quantum efficiency of commonly used polymer light emitting films without using a reference sample. Our methodology is similar to the method reported by de Mello et al. [Adv. Mater. 9, 230 ...

The absolute force sensitivities of colloidal probes comprised of atomic force microscope, or AFM, cantilevers with microspheres attached to their distal ends are measured. The force sensitivities are calibrated through reference to accurate electrostatic forces, the realizations of which are described in detail. Furthermore, the ...

Highly accurate measurements of total electron content (TEC) of the ionosphere are made using beacon transmitters and a beacon receiver on low Earth orbit satellites. The Naval Research Laboratory Scintillation and Tomography Receiver in Space (CITRIS) instrument, in a nearly circular orbit at 560 km altitude and 35� inclination, uses signals from more ...

A universal apparatus was developed for simple and accurate measurement of the velocity of sound in almost any fluid, including a chemically active one. Measurements are made by the fixed-distance pulse passage method. An ultrasonic signal travels through the test fluid betwen two optically treated plane-parallel windows in a ...

The Shuttle SBUV (SSBUV) and NOAA-11 SBUV/2 instruments measured solar spectral UV irradiance during the maximum and declining phase of solar cycle 22. The SSB UV data accurately represent the absolute solar UV irradiance between 200-405 nm, and also show...

In many instances the desired temperature measurement is only the spatial average temperature over a large area; eg. ground truth calibration for satellite imaging system, or average temperature of a farm field. By making an accurate measurement of the optical length of a long fiber-optic cable, we can determine the ...

Continuous data collection at magnetic observatories, such as those operated by the USGS and other Intermagnet programs, is accomplished using fluxgate magnetometers. Since these sensors are subject to baseline drift, periodic absolute measurements are made at each observatory. This is accomplished using a proton magnetometer, which can deliver ...

Single or double ion chamber technique measures absolute radiation intensities in the extreme vacuum

Absolute frequency measurement and spectroscopy of gas laser transitions in far IR, analyzing Zeeman

... ABSOLUTE POSITION MEASUREMENT FOR AUTOMATED GUIDED VEHICLES USING THE GREEDY DEBRUIJN SEQUENCE by John E. Ortiz ...

... Title : Absolute Concentration Measurements of Free Radicals in Flames by Absorption Spectroscopy. Descriptive Note : Final rept. ...

... Title : Absolute Absorption Cross Section Measurements of Ozone and the Temperature Dependence at Four Reference Wavelengths Leading to ...

... Accession Number : AD0625664. Title : ABSOLUTE SPECTRAL DISTRIBUTION MEASUREMENTS OF XENON HIGH-PRESSURE DISCHARGES. ...

... Accession Number : AD0190479. Title : ABSOLUTE LENGTH MEASUREMENT AT HIGH PRESSURE. Corporate Author : ...

... AD0822914. Title : ABSOLUTE DOSE MEASUREMENTS ON A MEGACURIE CO-60 SOURCE BY MEANS OF CALORIMETRY. ...

... Accession Number : AD0771216. Title : A Simple Method for Measuring Absolute Diffuse Reflectance with a Laboratory Spectrophotometer. ...

For the past 50 years, atomic standards based on the frequency of the cesium ground-state hyperfine transition have been the most accurate time pieces in the world. We now report a comparison between the cesium fountain standard NIST-F1, which has been evaluated with an inaccuracy of about 4x10{sup -16}, and an optical frequency standard based on an ultraviolet transition in a ...

The energies of the three gamma lines in Hg/sup 199/ were measured absolutely, using an iron-free double-focusing spectrometer. The atomic binding energy was also absolutely determined. Relative L-subshell conversion intensities were found to yield accurate information on the multipolarity. Relative ...

The simultaneous measurement of length and transit time of a specimen under pressure was used to develop a new way of determining absolute high pressure. The mercury freezing point at 0 deg C was deterinined with this new method at 7571.2 plus or minus 1.6 bars. Accurate high-pressure calibration of secondary pressure gages ...

Secondary and back-scattered electron yields can be measured with a variety of electron detectors. However, measurements of absolute yields are difficult with most collection schemes and normalization against a known standard is required. The design, construction and calibration of a custom two grid retarding field analyzer--similar to ...

Atmospheric effects on sighting measurements are compensated for by adjusting any sighting measurements using a correction factor that does not depend on atmospheric state conditions such as temperature, pressure, density or turbulence. The correction factor is accurately determined using a precisely measured ...

We analyze the technique of using radiometers to measure the precipitable water vapor (PWV) content of the atmosphere in order to correct interferometric data for phase noise due PWV fluctuations in the troposphere. We present an idealized model of phase fluctuations due to PWV variations in the troposphere based on the Taylor hypothesis, and we summarize the radiometry ...

A new polarimeter for absolute proton beam polarization measurements at 200 MeV to accuracy better than �0.5% has been developed as a part of the RHIC polarized source upgrade. The polarimeter is based on the elastic proton-carbon scattering at 16.2� angle, where the analyzing power is close to 100% and was measured with high ...

We attained an accuracy of 10/sup 13/ in the absolute measurements of the frequencies of long-wave lasers, including CO/sub 2/ lasers. The measurement accuracy is 1 x 10/sup 10/ in the shorter wavelength region of the IR (to 3.39 ..mu..m). The frequency of the CO/sub 2/:OsO/sub 4/ laser is measured for the first ...

The major activities of U.S. governmental organization in land gravimetry are reviewed. The NGS, NOAA, USGS, DOE, NRC, DoD, and AFGL work is included, and recent developments provided accurate portable absolute gravity measurement devices, new gravity surveys and anomaly maps, and a helicopter gravity measuring ...

Thesis. One of the most essential devices for the absolute counting of alpha -particles emitted by alpha-active substances is the low geometry counter. In this device, the alpha -particles emitted by the sample pass the collimator apenture and are counted by an appropriate detector, with the sample and collimator being arranged coaxially, as a rule. Thus, a direct ...

It is useful in a variety of military and commercial application to accurately register the position of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery in absolute coordinates. The two basic SAR measurements, range and doppler, can be used to solve for the position of the SAR image. Imprecise knowledge of the SAR collection platform`s position ...

A program to monitor solar luminosity variations through diameter measurements has been in operation at SCLERA since 1981. The solar diameter is measured at multiple angles from the equator. Measurements at these different angles have the advantage that not only can the solar oblateness be accurately ...

We developed an accurate and efficient method for measuring the refractive indices of a transparent plate by analyzing the transmitted intensity versus angle of incidence. By using two different wavelengths, we resolved the 2pi-ambiguity inherent to the phase measurement involving a thick medium, leading to independent determination of ...

The percentage of adipose (fat) tissue in the chest wall must be known to accurately measure Pu in the human lung. Correction factors of 100% or more in x-ray detection efficiency are common. Methods using simple /sup 40/K and biometric measurement techniques were investigated to determine the adipose content in the human chest wall. ...

Measurements of the time-dependent absolute temperature of high-explosive (HE) shocked surfaces provide valuable constraints on the equations-of-state (EOS) of materials and of the state of ejecta from those surfaces. In support of these dynamic surface temperature measurements, we are developing techniques for ...

Measurements of the time-dependent absolute temperature of surfaces shocked using high explosives (HE) provide valuable constraints on the equations-of-state (EOS) of materials and on the state of ejecta from those surfaces. In support of these dynamic surface temperature measurements, techniques for measuring the ...

The Strong method for measuring reflectance is used in many laboratories. However, uncertainty in the angular position of the sample can lead to large errors. A novel use of an autocollimator telescope with two auxiliary mirrors (ACTAM) can reduce this angular uncertainty and lead to more accurate measurement of reflectance. The ...