Sample records for accurate diagnosis based

  1. Early, Accurate Diagnosis and Early Intervention in Cerebral Palsy: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.

    PubMed

    Novak, Iona; Morgan, Cathy; Adde, Lars; Blackman, James; Boyd, Roslyn N; Brunstrom-Hernandez, Janice; Cioni, Giovanni; Damiano, Diane; Darrah, Johanna; Eliasson, Ann-Christin; de Vries, Linda S; Einspieler, Christa; Fahey, Michael; Fehlings, Darcy; Ferriero, Donna M; Fetters, Linda; Fiori, Simona; Forssberg, Hans; Gordon, Andrew M; Greaves, Susan; Guzzetta, Andrea; Hadders-Algra, Mijna; Harbourne, Regina; Kakooza-Mwesige, Angelina; Karlsson, Petra; Krumlinde-Sundholm, Lena; Latal, Beatrice; Loughran-Fowlds, Alison; Maitre, Nathalie; McIntyre, Sarah; Noritz, Garey; Pennington, Lindsay; Romeo, Domenico M; Shepherd, Roberta; Spittle, Alicia J; Thornton, Marelle; Valentine, Jane; Walker, Karen; White, Robert; Badawi, Nadia

    2017-09-01

    Cerebral palsy describes the most common physical disability in childhood and occurs in 1 in 500 live births. Historically, the diagnosis has been made between age 12 and 24 months but now can be made before 6 months' corrected age. To systematically review best available evidence for early, accurate diagnosis of cerebral palsy and to summarize best available evidence about cerebral palsy-specific early intervention that should follow early diagnosis to optimize neuroplasticity and function. This study systematically searched the literature about early diagnosis of cerebral palsy in MEDLINE (1956-2016), EMBASE (1980-2016), CINAHL (1983-2016), and the Cochrane Library (1988-2016) and by hand searching. Search terms included cerebral palsy, diagnosis, detection, prediction, identification, predictive validity, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The study included systematic reviews with or without meta-analyses, criteria of diagnostic accuracy, and evidence-based clinical guidelines. Findings are reported according to the PRISMA statement, and recommendations are reported according to the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation (AGREE) II instrument. Six systematic reviews and 2 evidence-based clinical guidelines met inclusion criteria. All included articles had high methodological Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (QUADAS) ratings. In infants, clinical signs and symptoms of cerebral palsy emerge and evolve before age 2 years; therefore, a combination of standardized tools should be used to predict risk in conjunction with clinical history. Before 5 months' corrected age, the most predictive tools for detecting risk are term-age magnetic resonance imaging (86%-89% sensitivity), the Prechtl Qualitative Assessment of General Movements (98% sensitivity), and the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination (90% sensitivity). After 5 months' corrected age, the most predictive tools for detecting risk are magnetic resonance imaging (86

  2. Ontology-Based Method for Fault Diagnosis of Loaders.

    PubMed

    Xu, Feixiang; Liu, Xinhui; Chen, Wei; Zhou, Chen; Cao, Bingwei

    2018-02-28

    This paper proposes an ontology-based fault diagnosis method which overcomes the difficulty of understanding complex fault diagnosis knowledge of loaders and offers a universal approach for fault diagnosis of all loaders. This method contains the following components: (1) An ontology-based fault diagnosis model is proposed to achieve the integrating, sharing and reusing of fault diagnosis knowledge for loaders; (2) combined with ontology, CBR (case-based reasoning) is introduced to realize effective and accurate fault diagnoses following four steps (feature selection, case-retrieval, case-matching and case-updating); and (3) in order to cover the shortages of the CBR method due to the lack of concerned cases, ontology based RBR (rule-based reasoning) is put forward through building SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) rules. An application program is also developed to implement the above methods to assist in finding the fault causes, fault locations and maintenance measures of loaders. In addition, the program is validated through analyzing a case study.

  3. Ontology-Based Method for Fault Diagnosis of Loaders

    PubMed Central

    Liu, Xinhui; Chen, Wei; Zhou, Chen; Cao, Bingwei

    2018-01-01

    This paper proposes an ontology-based fault diagnosis method which overcomes the difficulty of understanding complex fault diagnosis knowledge of loaders and offers a universal approach for fault diagnosis of all loaders. This method contains the following components: (1) An ontology-based fault diagnosis model is proposed to achieve the integrating, sharing and reusing of fault diagnosis knowledge for loaders; (2) combined with ontology, CBR (case-based reasoning) is introduced to realize effective and accurate fault diagnoses following four steps (feature selection, case-retrieval, case-matching and case-updating); and (3) in order to cover the shortages of the CBR method due to the lack of concerned cases, ontology based RBR (rule-based reasoning) is put forward through building SWRL (Semantic Web Rule Language) rules. An application program is also developed to implement the above methods to assist in finding the fault causes, fault locations and maintenance measures of loaders. In addition, the program is validated through analyzing a case study. PMID:29495646

  4. Parent-based diagnosis of ADHD is as accurate as a teacher-based diagnosis of ADHD.

    PubMed

    Bied, Adam; Biederman, Joseph; Faraone, Stephen

    2017-04-01

    To review the literature evaluating the psychometric properties of parent and teacher informants relative to a gold-standard ADHD diagnosis in pediatric populations. We included studies that included both a parent and teacher informant, a gold-standard diagnosis, and diagnostic accuracy metrics. Potential confounds were evaluated. We also assessed the 'OR' and the 'AND' rules for combining informant reports. Eight articles met inclusion criteria. The diagnostic accuracy for predicting gold standard ADHD diagnoses did not differ between parents and teachers. Sample size, sample type, participant drop-out, participant age, participant gender, geographic area of the study, and date of study publication were assessed as potential confounds. Parent and teachers both yielded moderate to good diagnostic accuracy for ADHD diagnoses. Parent reports were statistically indistinguishable from those of teachers. The predictive features of the 'OR' and 'AND' rules are useful in evaluating approaches to better integrating information from these informants.

  5. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia: next-generation sequencing allows for a safer, more accurate, and comprehensive approach

    PubMed Central

    Chitty, Lyn S; Mason, Sarah; Barrett, Angela N; McKay, Fiona; Lench, Nicholas; Daley, Rebecca; Jenkins, Lucy A

    2015-01-01

    Abstract Objective Accurate prenatal diagnosis of genetic conditions can be challenging and usually requires invasive testing. Here, we demonstrate the potential of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the analysis of cell-free DNA in maternal blood to transform prenatal diagnosis of monogenic disorders. Methods Analysis of cell-free DNA using a PCR and restriction enzyme digest (PCR–RED) was compared with a novel NGS assay in pregnancies at risk of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia. Results PCR–RED was performed in 72 cases and was correct in 88.6%, inconclusive in 7% with one false negative. NGS was performed in 47 cases and was accurate in 96.2% with no inconclusives. Both approaches were used in 27 cases, with NGS giving the correct result in the two cases inconclusive with PCR–RED. Conclusion NGS provides an accurate, flexible approach to non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of de novo and paternally inherited mutations. It is more sensitive than PCR–RED and is ideal when screening a gene with multiple potential pathogenic mutations. These findings highlight the value of NGS in the development of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for other monogenic disorders. © 2015 The Authors. Prenatal Diagnosis published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. What's already known about this topic? Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis (NIPD) using PCR-based methods has been reported for the detection or exclusion of individual paternally inherited or de novo alleles in maternal plasma. What does this study add? NIPD using next generation sequencing provides an accurate, more sensitive approach which can be used to detect multiple mutations in a single assay and so is ideal when screening a gene with multiple potential pathogenic mutations. Next generation sequencing thus provides a flexible approach to non-invasive prenatal diagnosis ideal for use in a busy service laboratory. PMID:25728633

  6. Prenatal and accurate perinatal diagnosis of type 2 H or ductular duplicate gallbladder.

    PubMed

    Maggi, Umberto; Farris, Giorgio; Carnevali, Alessandra; Borzani, Irene; Clerici, Paola; Agosti, Massimo; Rossi, Giorgio; Leva, Ernesto

    2018-02-07

    Double gallbladder is a rare biliary anomaly. Perinatal diagnosis of the disorder has been reported in only 6 cases, and in 5 of them the diagnosis was based on ultrasound imaging only. However, the ultrasound technique alone does not provide a sufficiently precise description of cystic ducts and biliary anatomy, an information that is crucial for a correct classification and for a possible future surgery. At 21 weeks of gestational age of an uneventful pregnancy in a 38 year old primipara mother, a routine ultrasound screening detected a biliary anomaly in the fetus suggestive of a double gallbladder. A neonatal abdominal ultrasonography performed on postnatal day 2 confirmed the diagnosis. On day 12 the newborn underwent a Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) that clearly characterized the anatomy of the anomaly: both gallbladders had their own cystic duct and both had a separate insertion in the main biliary duct. We report a case of early prenatal suspected duplicate gallbladder that was confirmed by a neonatal precise diagnosis of a Type 2, H or ductular duplicate gallbladder, using for the first time 3D images of Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography in a newborn. An accurate anatomical diagnosis is mandatory in patients undergoing a possible future cholecystectomy, to avoid surgical complications or reoperations. Therefore, in case of a perinatal suspicion of a double gallbladder, neonates should undergo a Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. A review of the Literature about this variant is included.

  7. [Stereotactic biopsy in the accurate diagnosis of lesions in the brain stem and deep brain].

    PubMed

    Qin, F; Huang, Z C; Cai, M Q; Xu, X F; Lu, T T; Dong, Q; Wu, A M; Lu, Z Z; Zhao, C; Guo, Y

    2018-06-12

    Objective: To investigate the value of stereotactic biopsy in the accurate diagnosis of lesions in the brain stem and deep brain. Methods: A total of 29 consecutive patients who underwent stereotactic biopsy of brainstem and deep brain lesions between May 2012 and January 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. The Cosman-Roberts-Wells (CRW) stereotactic frame was installed under local anesthesia. Thin-layer CT and MRI scanning were performed. Target coordinates were calculated by inputting CT-MRI data into the radionics surgical planning system. The individualized puncture path was designed according to the location of the lesions and the characteristics of the image. Target distributions were as follows: 12 cases of midbrain or pons, 2 cases of internal capsule, 3 cases of thalamus, 12 cases of basal ganglia. The biopsy samples were used for further pathological and/or genetic diagnosis. Results: Twenty-eight of the 29 cases (96.6%) were diagnosed accurately by histopathology and genomic examination following stereotactic biopsy. Pathological results were as follows: 8 cases of lymphoma, 7 cases of glioma, 4 cases of demyelination, 2 cases of germ cell tumor, 2 cases of metastatic tumor, 1 cases of cerebral sparganosis, 1 case of tuberculous granuloma, 1 case of hereditary prion disease, 1 case of glial hyperplasia, 1 case of leukemia. The accurate diagnosis of one case required a combination of histopathology and genomic examination. Undefined diagnosis was still made in 1 cases (3.45%) after biopsy. After biopsy, there were 2 cases (6.9%) with symptomatic slight hemorrhage, 1 case (3.45%) with symptomatic severe hemorrhage, and 1 cass (3.45%) with permanent neurological dysfunction. No one died because of surgery or surgical complications. Conclusions: Stereotactic biopsy is fast, safe and minimally invasive. It is an ideal strategy for accurate diagnosis of lesions in brain stem and deep brain.

  8. Development of an accurate portable recording peak-flow meter for the diagnosis of asthma.

    PubMed

    Hitchings, D J; Dickinson, S A; Miller, M R; Fairfax, A J

    1993-05-01

    This article describes the systematic design of an electronic recording peak expiratory flow (PEF) meter to provide accurate data for the diagnosis of occupational asthma. Traditional diagnosis of asthma relies on accurate data of PEF tests performed by the patients in their own homes and places of work. Unfortunately there are high error rates in data produced and recorded by the patient, most of these are transcription errors and some patients falsify their records. The PEF measurement itself is not effort independent, the data produced depending on the way in which the patient performs the test. Patients are taught how to perform the test giving maximal effort to the expiration being measured. If the measurement is performed incorrectly then errors will occur. Accurate data can be produced if an electronically recording PEF instrument is developed, thus freeing the patient from the task of recording the test data. It should also be capable of determining whether the PEF measurement has been correctly performed. A requirement specification for a recording PEF meter was produced. A commercially available electronic PEF meter was modified to provide the functions required for accurate serial recording of the measurements produced by the patients. This is now being used in three hospitals in the West Midlands for investigations into the diagnosis of occupational asthma. In investigating current methods of measuring PEF and other pulmonary quantities a greater understanding was obtained of the limitations of current methods of measurement, and quantities being measured.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

  9. Case Report: Application of whole exome sequencing for accurate diagnosis of rare syndromes of mineralocorticoid excess

    PubMed Central

    Narayanan, Ranjit; Karuthedath Vellarikkal, Shamsudheen; Jayarajan, Rijith; Verma, Ankit; Dixit, Vishal; Scaria, Vinod; Sivasubbu, Sridhar

    2017-01-01

    Syndromes of mineralocorticoid excess (SME) are closely related clinical manifestations occurring within a specific set of diseases. Overlapping clinical manifestations of such syndromes often create a dilemma in accurate diagnosis, which is crucial for disease surveillance and management especially in rare genetic disorders. Here we demonstrate the use of whole exome sequencing (WES) for accurate diagnosis of rare SME and report that p.R337C variation in the HSD11B2 gene causes progressive apparent mineralocorticoid excess (AME) syndrome in a South Indian family of Mappila origin. PMID:29067160

  10. Detailed behavioral assessment promotes accurate diagnosis in patients with disorders of consciousness

    PubMed Central

    Gilutz, Yael; Lazary, Avraham; Karpin, Hana; Vatine, Jean-Jacques; Misha, Tamar; Fortinsky, Hadassah; Sharon, Haggai

    2015-01-01

    Introduction: Assessing the awareness level in patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) is made on the basis of exhibited behaviors. However, since motor signs of awareness (i.e., non-reflex motor responses) can be very subtle, differentiating the vegetative from minimally conscious states (which is in itself not clear-cut) is often challenging. Even the careful clinician relying on standardized scales may arrive at a wrong diagnosis. Aim: To report our experience in tackling this problem by using two in-house use assessment procedures developed at Reuth Rehabilitation Hospital, and demonstrate their clinical significance by reviewing two cases. Methods: (1) Reuth DOC Response Assessment (RDOC-RA) –administered in addition to the standardized tools, and emphasizes the importance of assessing a wide range of motor responses. In our experience, in some patients the only evidence for awareness may be a private specific movement that is not assessed by standard assessment tools. (2) Reuth DOC Periodic Intervention Model (RDOC-PIM) – current literature regarding assessment and diagnosis in DOC refers mostly to the acute phase of up to 1 year post injury. However, we have found major changes in responsiveness occurring 1 year or more post-injury in many patients. Therefore, we conduct periodic assessments at predetermined times points to ensure patients are not misdiagnosed or neurological changes overlooked. Results: In the first case the RDOC-RA promoted a more accurate diagnosis than that based on standardized scales alone. The second case shows how the RDOC-PIM allowed us to recognize late recovery and promoted reinstatement of treatment with good results. Conclusion: Adding a detailed periodic assessment of DOC patients to existing scales can yield critical information, promoting better diagnosis, treatment, and clinical outcomes. We discuss the implications of this observation for the future development and validation of assessment tools in DOC patients

  11. Accurate diagnosis of CHD by Paediatricians with Expertise in Cardiology.

    PubMed

    Jacob, Hannah C; Massey, Hannah; Yates, Robert W M; Kelsall, A Wilfred

    2017-08-01

    Introduction Paediatricians with Expertise in Cardiology assess children with a full history, examination, and often perform an echocardiogram. A minority are then referred to an outreach clinic run jointly with a visiting paediatric cardiologist. The accuracy of the echocardiography diagnosis made by the Paediatrician with Expertise in Cardiology is unknown. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective review of clinic letters for children seen in the outreach clinic for the first time between March, 2004 and March, 2011. Children with CHD diagnosed antenatally or elsewhere were excluded. We recorded the echocardiography diagnosis made by the paediatric cardiologist and previously by the Paediatrician with Expertise in Cardiology. The Paediatrician with Expertise in Cardiology referred 317/3145 (10%) children seen in the local cardiac clinics to the outreach clinic over this period, and among them 296 were eligible for inclusion. Their median age was 1.5 years (range 1 month-15.1 years). For 244 (82%) children, there was complete diagnostic agreement between the Paediatrician with Expertise in Cardiology and the paediatric cardiologist. For 29 (10%) children, the main diagnosis was identical with additional findings made by the paediatric cardiologist. The abnormality had resolved in 17 (6%) cases by the time of clinic attendance. In six (2%) patients, the paediatric cardiologist made a different diagnosis. In total, 138 (47%) patients underwent a surgical or catheter intervention. Discussion Paediatricians with Expertise in Cardiology can make accurate diagnoses of CHD in children referred to their clinics. This can allow effective triage of children attending the outreach clinic, making best use of limited specialist resources.

  12. Accurate diagnosis of prenatal cleft lip/palate by understanding the embryology

    PubMed Central

    Smarius, Bram; Loozen, Charlotte; Manten, Wendy; Bekker, Mireille; Pistorius, Lou; Breugem, Corstiaan

    2017-01-01

    Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CP) is one of the most common congenital malformations. Ultrasonographers involved in the routine 20-wk ultrasound screening could encounter these malformations. The face and palate develop in a very characteristic way. For ultrasonographers involved in screening these patients it is crucial to have a thorough understanding of the embryology of the face. This could help them to make a more accurate diagnosis and save time during the ultrasound. Subsequently, the current postnatal classification will be discussed to facilitate the communication with the CP teams. PMID:29026689

  13. Probability of Accurate Heart Failure Diagnosis and the Implications for Hospital Readmissions.

    PubMed

    Carey, Sandra A; Bass, Kyle; Saracino, Giovanna; East, Cara A; Felius, Joost; Grayburn, Paul A; Vallabhan, Ravi C; Hall, Shelley A

    2017-04-01

    Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with inherent diagnostic challenges. We studied the scope of possibly inaccurately documented HF in a large health care system among patients assigned a primary diagnosis of HF at discharge. Through a retrospective record review and a classification schema developed from published guidelines, we assessed the probability of the documented HF diagnosis being accurate and determined factors associated with HF-related and non-HF-related hospital readmissions. An arbitration committee of 3 experts reviewed a subset of records to corroborate the results. We assigned a low probability of accurate diagnosis to 133 (19%) of the 712 patients. A subset of patients were also reviewed by an expert panel, which concluded that 13% to 35% of patients probably did not have HF (inter-rater agreement, kappa = 0.35). Low-probability HF was predictive of being readmitted more frequently for non-HF causes (p = 0.018), as well as documented arrhythmias (p = 0.023), and age >60 years (p = 0.006). Documented sleep apnea (p = 0.035), percutaneous coronary intervention (p = 0.006), non-white race (p = 0.047), and B-type natriuretic peptide >400 pg/ml (p = 0.007) were determined to be predictive of HF readmissions in this cohort. In conclusion, approximately 1 in 5 patients documented to have HF were found to have a low probability of actually having it. Moreover, the determination of low-probability HF was twice as likely to result in readmission for non-HF causes and, thus, should be considered a determinant for all-cause readmissions in this population. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  14. Invasive candidiasis: future directions in non-culture based diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Posch, Wilfried; Heimdörfer, David; Wilflingseder, Doris; Lass-Flörl, Cornelia

    2017-09-01

    Delayed initial antifungal therapy is associated with high mortality rates caused by invasive candida infections, since accurate detection of the opportunistic pathogenic yeast and its identification display a diagnostic challenge. diagnosis of candida infections relies on time-consuming methods such as blood cultures, serologic and histopathologic examination. to allow for fast detection and characterization of invasive candidiasis, there is a need to improve diagnostic tools. trends in diagnostics switch to non-culture-based methods, which allow specified diagnosis within significantly shorter periods of time in order to provide early and appropriate antifungal treatment. Areas covered: within this review comprise novel pathogen- and host-related testing methods, e.g. multiplex-PCR analyses, T2 magnetic resonance, fungus-specific DNA microarrays, microRNA characterization or analyses of IL-17 as biomarker for early detection of invasive candidiasis. Expert commentary: Early recognition and diagnosis of fungal infections is a key issue for improved patient management. As shown in this review, a broad range of novel molecular based tests for the detection and identification of Candida species is available. However, several assays are in-house assays and lack standardization, clinical validation as well as data on sensitivity and specificity. This underscores the need for the development of faster and more accurate diagnostic tests.

  15. Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia: next-generation sequencing allows for a safer, more accurate, and comprehensive approach.

    PubMed

    Chitty, Lyn S; Mason, Sarah; Barrett, Angela N; McKay, Fiona; Lench, Nicholas; Daley, Rebecca; Jenkins, Lucy A

    2015-07-01

    Accurate prenatal diagnosis of genetic conditions can be challenging and usually requires invasive testing. Here, we demonstrate the potential of next-generation sequencing (NGS) for the analysis of cell-free DNA in maternal blood to transform prenatal diagnosis of monogenic disorders. Analysis of cell-free DNA using a PCR and restriction enzyme digest (PCR-RED) was compared with a novel NGS assay in pregnancies at risk of achondroplasia and thanatophoric dysplasia. PCR-RED was performed in 72 cases and was correct in 88.6%, inconclusive in 7% with one false negative. NGS was performed in 47 cases and was accurate in 96.2% with no inconclusives. Both approaches were used in 27 cases, with NGS giving the correct result in the two cases inconclusive with PCR-RED. NGS provides an accurate, flexible approach to non-invasive prenatal diagnosis of de novo and paternally inherited mutations. It is more sensitive than PCR-RED and is ideal when screening a gene with multiple potential pathogenic mutations. These findings highlight the value of NGS in the development of non-invasive prenatal diagnosis for other monogenic disorders. © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

  16. An automatic and accurate method of full heart segmentation from CT image based on linear gradient model

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yang, Zili

    2017-07-01

    Heart segmentation is an important auxiliary method in the diagnosis of many heart diseases, such as coronary heart disease and atrial fibrillation, and in the planning of tumor radiotherapy. Most of the existing methods for full heart segmentation treat the heart as a whole part and cannot accurately extract the bottom of the heart. In this paper, we propose a new method based on linear gradient model to segment the whole heart from the CT images automatically and accurately. Twelve cases were tested in order to test this method and accurate segmentation results were achieved and identified by clinical experts. The results can provide reliable clinical support.

  17. Accuracy and Reliability of Eye-Based vs Quadrant-Based Diagnosis of Plus Disease in Retinopathy of Prematurity.

    PubMed

    Kim, Sang Jin; Campbell, J Peter; Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree; Ostmo, Susan; Jonas, Karyn E; Choi, Dongseok; Chan, R V Paul; Chiang, Michael F

    2018-06-01

    Presence of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity is the most critical element in identifying treatment-requiring disease. However, there is significant variability in plus disease diagnosis. In particular, plus disease has been defined as 2 or more quadrants of vascular abnormality, and it is not clear whether it is more reliably and accurately diagnosed by eye-based assessment of overall retinal appearance or by quadrant-based assessment combining grades of 4 individual quadrants. To compare eye-based vs quadrant-based diagnosis of plus disease and to provide insight for ophthalmologists about the diagnostic process. In this multicenter cohort study, we developed a database of 197 wide-angle retinal images from 141 preterm infants from neonatal intensive care units at 9 academic institutions (enrolled from July 2011 to December 2016). Each image was assigned a reference standard diagnosis based on consensus image-based and clinical diagnosis. Data analysis was performed from February 2017 to September 2017. Six graders independently diagnosed each of the 4 quadrants (cropped images) of the 197 eyes (quadrant-based diagnosis) as well as the entire image (eye-based diagnosis). Images were displayed individually, in random order. Quadrant-based diagnosis of plus disease was made when 2 or more quadrants were diagnosed as indicating plus disease by combining grades of individual quadrants post hoc. Intragrader and intergrader reliability (absolute agreement and κ statistic) and accuracy compared with the reference standard diagnosis. Of the 141 included preterm infants, 65 (46.1%) were female and 116 (82.3%) white, and the mean (SD) gestational age was 27.0 (2.6) weeks. There was variable agreement between eye-based and quadrant-based diagnosis among the 6 graders (Cohen κ range, 0.32-0.75). Four graders showed underdiagnosis of plus disease with quadrant-based diagnosis compared with eye-based diagnosis (by McNemar test). Intergrader agreement of quadrant-based

  18. Ontology based decision system for breast cancer diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Trabelsi Ben Ameur, Soumaya; Cloppet, Florence; Wendling, Laurent; Sellami, Dorra

    2018-04-01

    In this paper, we focus on analysis and diagnosis of breast masses inspired by expert concepts and rules. Accordingly, a Bag of Words is built based on the ontology of breast cancer diagnosis, accurately described in the Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System. To fill the gap between low level knowledge and expert concepts, a semantic annotation is developed using a machine learning tool. Then, breast masses are classified into benign or malignant according to expert rules implicitly modeled with a set of classifiers (KNN, ANN, SVM and Decision Tree). This semantic context of analysis offers a frame where we can include external factors and other meta-knowledge such as patient risk factors as well as exploiting more than one modality. Based on MRI and DECEDM modalities, our developed system leads a recognition rate of 99.7% with Decision Tree where an improvement of 24.7 % is obtained owing to semantic analysis.

  19. Rapid and accurate intraoperative pathological diagnosis by artificial intelligence with deep learning technology.

    PubMed

    Zhang, Jing; Song, Yanlin; Xia, Fan; Zhu, Chenjing; Zhang, Yingying; Song, Wenpeng; Xu, Jianguo; Ma, Xuelei

    2017-09-01

    Frozen section is widely used for intraoperative pathological diagnosis (IOPD), which is essential for intraoperative decision making. However, frozen section suffers from some drawbacks, such as time consuming and high misdiagnosis rate. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) with deep learning technology has shown bright future in medicine. We hypothesize that AI with deep learning technology could help IOPD, with a computer trained by a dataset of intraoperative lesion images. Evidences supporting our hypothesis included the successful use of AI with deep learning technology in diagnosing skin cancer, and the developed method of deep-learning algorithm. Large size of the training dataset is critical to increase the diagnostic accuracy. The performance of the trained machine could be tested by new images before clinical use. Real-time diagnosis, easy to use and potential high accuracy were the advantages of AI for IOPD. In sum, AI with deep learning technology is a promising method to help rapid and accurate IOPD. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  20. Urinary PCR as an increasingly useful tool for an accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis in livestock.

    PubMed

    Hamond, C; Martins, G; Loureiro, A P; Pestana, C; Lawson-Ferreira, R; Medeiros, M A; Lilenbaum, W

    2014-03-01

    The aim of the present study was to consider the wide usage of urinary PCR as an increasingly useful tool for an accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis in livestock. A total of 512 adult animals (300 cattle, 138 horses, 59 goats and 15 pigs), from herds/flocks with reproductive problems in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil was studied by serology and urinary PCR. From the 512 serum samples tested, 223 (43.5 %) were seroreactive (cattle: 45.6 %, horses: 41.3 %, goats: 34%and pigs: 60 %). PCR detected leptospiral DNA in 32.4 % (cattle: 21.6 %, horses: 36.2 %, goats: 77.4 % and pigs: 33.3 %. To our knowledge there is no another study including such a large number of samples (512) from different species, providing a comprehensive analysis of the usage of PCR for detecting leptospiral carriers in livestock. Serological and molecular results were discrepant, regardless the titre, what was an expected outcome. Nevertheless, it is impossible to establish agreement between these tests, since the two methodologies are conducted on different samples (MAT - serum; PCR - urine). Additionally, the MAT is an indirect method and PCR is a direct one. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that urinary PCR should be considered and encouraged as an increasingly useful tool for an accurate diagnosis of leptospirosis in livestock.

  1. Development and Evaluation of Reference Standards for Image-based Telemedicine Diagnosis and Clinical Research Studies in Ophthalmology

    PubMed Central

    Ryan, Michael C.; Ostmo, Susan; Jonas, Karyn; Berrocal, Audina; Drenser, Kimberly; Horowitz, Jason; Lee, Thomas C.; Simmons, Charles; Martinez-Castellanos, Maria-Ana; Chan, R.V. Paul; Chiang, Michael F.

    2014-01-01

    Information systems managing image-based data for telemedicine or clinical research applications require a reference standard representing the correct diagnosis. Accurate reference standards are difficult to establish because of imperfect agreement among physicians, and discrepancies between clinical vs. image-based diagnosis. This study is designed to describe the development and evaluation of reference standards for image-based diagnosis, which combine diagnostic impressions of multiple image readers with the actual clinical diagnoses. We show that agreement between image reading and clinical examinations was imperfect (689 [32%] discrepancies in 2148 image readings), as was inter-reader agreement (kappa 0.490-0.652). This was improved by establishing an image-based reference standard defined as the majority diagnosis given by three readers (13% discrepancies with image readers). It was further improved by establishing an overall reference standard that incorporated the clinical diagnosis (10% discrepancies with image readers). These principles of establishing reference standards may be applied to improve robustness of real-world systems supporting image-based diagnosis. PMID:25954463

  2. Using Bayesian Networks for Candidate Generation in Consistency-based Diagnosis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Narasimhan, Sriram; Mengshoel, Ole

    2008-01-01

    Consistency-based diagnosis relies heavily on the assumption that discrepancies between model predictions and sensor observations can be detected accurately. When sources of uncertainty like sensor noise and model abstraction exist robust schemes have to be designed to make a binary decision on whether predictions are consistent with observations. This risks the occurrence of false alarms and missed alarms when an erroneous decision is made. Moreover when multiple sensors (with differing sensing properties) are available the degree of match between predictions and observations can be used to guide the search for fault candidates. In this paper we propose a novel approach to handle this problem using Bayesian networks. In the consistency- based diagnosis formulation, automatically generated Bayesian networks are used to encode a probabilistic measure of fit between predictions and observations. A Bayesian network inference algorithm is used to compute most probable fault candidates.

  3. Understanding evidence-based diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Kohn, Michael A

    2014-01-01

    The real meaning of the word "diagnosis" is naming the disease that is causing a patient's illness. The cognitive process of assigning this name is a mysterious combination of pattern recognition and the hypothetico-deductive approach that is only remotely related to the mathematical process of using test results to update the probability of a disease. What I refer to as "evidence-based diagnosis" is really evidence-based use of medical tests to guide treatment decisions. Understanding how to use test results to update the probability of disease can help us interpret test results more rationally. Also, evidence-based diagnosis reminds us to consider the costs and risks of testing and the dangers of over-diagnosis and over-treatment, in addition to the costs and risks of missing serious disease.

  4. Accurate airway segmentation based on intensity structure analysis and graph-cut

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Meng, Qier; Kitsaka, Takayuki; Nimura, Yukitaka; Oda, Masahiro; Mori, Kensaku

    2016-03-01

    This paper presents a novel airway segmentation method based on intensity structure analysis and graph-cut. Airway segmentation is an important step in analyzing chest CT volumes for computerized lung cancer detection, emphysema diagnosis, asthma diagnosis, and pre- and intra-operative bronchoscope navigation. However, obtaining a complete 3-D airway tree structure from a CT volume is quite challenging. Several researchers have proposed automated algorithms basically based on region growing and machine learning techniques. However these methods failed to detect the peripheral bronchi branches. They caused a large amount of leakage. This paper presents a novel approach that permits more accurate extraction of complex bronchial airway region. Our method are composed of three steps. First, the Hessian analysis is utilized for enhancing the line-like structure in CT volumes, then a multiscale cavity-enhancement filter is employed to detect the cavity-like structure from the previous enhanced result. In the second step, we utilize the support vector machine (SVM) to construct a classifier for removing the FP regions generated. Finally, the graph-cut algorithm is utilized to connect all of the candidate voxels to form an integrated airway tree. We applied this method to sixteen cases of 3D chest CT volumes. The results showed that the branch detection rate of this method can reach about 77.7% without leaking into the lung parenchyma areas.

  5. Lateral Flow Rapid Test for Accurate and Early Diagnosis of Scrub Typhus: A Febrile Illness of Historically Military Importance in the Pacific Rim.

    PubMed

    Chao, Chien-Chung; Zhangm, Zhiwen; Weissenberger, Giulia; Chen, Hua-Wei; Ching, Wei-Mei

    2017-03-01

    Scrub typhus (ST) is an infection caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi. Historically, ST was ranked as the second most important arthropod-borne medical problem only behind malaria during World War II and the Vietnam War. The disease occurs mainly in Southeast Asia and has been shown to emerge and reemerge in new areas, implying the increased risk for U.S. military and civilian personnel deployed to these regions. ST can effectively be treated by doxycycline provided the diagnosis is made early, before the development of severe complications. Scrub Typhus Detect is a lateral flow rapid test based on a mixture of recombinant 56-kDa antigens with broad reactivity. The performance of this prototype product was evaluated against indirect immunofluorescence assay, the serological gold standard. Using 249 prospectively collected samples from Thailand, the sensitivity and specificity for IgM was found to be 100% and 92%, respectively, suggesting a high potential of this product for clinical use. This product will provide a user friendly, rapid, and accurate diagnosis of ST for clinicians to provide timely and accurate treatments of deployed personnel. Reprint & Copyright © 2017 Association of Military Surgeons of the U.S.

  6. An Efficient Model-based Diagnosis Engine for Hybrid Systems Using Structural Model Decomposition

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bregon, Anibal; Narasimhan, Sriram; Roychoudhury, Indranil; Daigle, Matthew; Pulido, Belarmino

    2013-01-01

    Complex hybrid systems are present in a large range of engineering applications, like mechanical systems, electrical circuits, or embedded computation systems. The behavior of these systems is made up of continuous and discrete event dynamics that increase the difficulties for accurate and timely online fault diagnosis. The Hybrid Diagnosis Engine (HyDE) offers flexibility to the diagnosis application designer to choose the modeling paradigm and the reasoning algorithms. The HyDE architecture supports the use of multiple modeling paradigms at the component and system level. However, HyDE faces some problems regarding performance in terms of complexity and time. Our focus in this paper is on developing efficient model-based methodologies for online fault diagnosis in complex hybrid systems. To do this, we propose a diagnosis framework where structural model decomposition is integrated within the HyDE diagnosis framework to reduce the computational complexity associated with the fault diagnosis of hybrid systems. As a case study, we apply our approach to a diagnostic testbed, the Advanced Diagnostics and Prognostics Testbed (ADAPT), using real data.

  7. Towards ontology-based decision support systems for complex ultrasound diagnosis in obstetrics and gynecology.

    PubMed

    Maurice, P; Dhombres, F; Blondiaux, E; Friszer, S; Guilbaud, L; Lelong, N; Khoshnood, B; Charlet, J; Perrot, N; Jauniaux, E; Jurkovic, D; Jouannic, J-M

    2017-05-01

    We have developed a new knowledge base intelligent system for obstetrics and gynecology ultrasound imaging, based on an ontology and a reference image collection. This study evaluates the new system to support accurate annotations of ultrasound images. We have used the early ultrasound diagnosis of ectopic pregnancies as a model clinical issue. The ectopic pregnancy ontology was derived from medical texts (4260 ultrasound reports of ectopic pregnancy from a specialist center in the UK and 2795 Pubmed abstracts indexed with the MeSH term "Pregnancy, Ectopic") and the reference image collection was built on a selection from 106 publications. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the signs in 35 scans of ectopic pregnancy by six observers using the new system. The resulting ectopic pregnancy ontology consisted of 1395 terms, and 80 images were collected for the reference collection. The observers used the knowledge base intelligent system to provide a total of 1486 sign annotations. The precision, recall and F-measure for the annotations were 0.83, 0.62 and 0.71, respectively. The global proportion of agreement was 40.35% 95% CI [38.64-42.05]. The ontology-based intelligent system provides accurate annotations of ultrasound images and suggests that it may benefit non-expert operators. The precision rate is appropriate for accurate input of a computer-based clinical decision support and could be used to support medical imaging diagnosis of complex conditions in obstetrics and gynecology. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.

  8. Next-generation sequencing-based molecular diagnosis of a Chinese patient cohort with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa.

    PubMed

    Fu, Qing; Wang, Feng; Wang, Hui; Xu, Fei; Zaneveld, Jacques E; Ren, Huanan; Keser, Vafa; Lopez, Irma; Tuan, Han-Fang; Salvo, Jason S; Wang, Xia; Zhao, Li; Wang, Keqing; Li, Yumei; Koenekoop, Robert K; Chen, Rui; Sui, Ruifang

    2013-06-14

    Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a highly heterogeneous genetic disease; therefore, an accurate molecular diagnosis is essential for appropriate disease treatment and family planning. The prevalence of RP in China had been reported at 1 in 3800, resulting in an estimated total of 340,000 Chinese RP patients. However, genetic studies of Chinese RP patients have been very limited. To date, no comprehensive molecular diagnosis has been done for Chinese RP patients. With the emergence of next-generation sequencing (NGS), comprehensive molecular diagnosis of RP is now within reach. The purpose of this study was to perform the first NGS-based comprehensive molecular diagnosis for Chinese RP patients. Thirty-one well-characterized autosomal recessive RP (arRP) families were recruited. For each family, the DNA sample from one affected member was sequenced using our custom capture panel, which includes 163 retinal disease genes. Variants were called, filtered, and annotated by our in-house automatic pipeline. Twelve arRP families were successfully molecular diagnosed, achieving a diagnostic rate of approximately 40%. Interestingly, approximately 63% of the pathogenic mutations we identified are novel, which is higher than that observed in a similar study on European descent (45%). Moreover, the clinical diagnoses of two families were refined based on the pathogenic mutations identified in the patients. We conclude that comprehensive molecular diagnosis can be vital for an accurate clinical diagnosis of RP. Applying this tool on patients from different ethnic groups is essential for enhancing our knowledge of the global spectrum of RP disease-causing mutations.

  9. Intelligent diagnosis of short hydraulic signal based on improved EEMD and SVM with few low-dimensional training samples

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Meijun; Tang, Jian; Zhang, Xiaoming; Zhang, Jiaojiao

    2016-03-01

    The high accurate classification ability of an intelligent diagnosis method often needs a large amount of training samples with high-dimensional eigenvectors, however the characteristics of the signal need to be extracted accurately. Although the existing EMD(empirical mode decomposition) and EEMD(ensemble empirical mode decomposition) are suitable for processing non-stationary and non-linear signals, but when a short signal, such as a hydraulic impact signal, is concerned, their decomposition accuracy become very poor. An improve EEMD is proposed specifically for short hydraulic impact signals. The improvements of this new EEMD are mainly reflected in four aspects, including self-adaptive de-noising based on EEMD, signal extension based on SVM(support vector machine), extreme center fitting based on cubic spline interpolation, and pseudo component exclusion based on cross-correlation analysis. After the energy eigenvector is extracted from the result of the improved EEMD, the fault pattern recognition based on SVM with small amount of low-dimensional training samples is studied. At last, the diagnosis ability of improved EEMD+SVM method is compared with the EEMD+SVM and EMD+SVM methods, and its diagnosis accuracy is distinctly higher than the other two methods no matter the dimension of the eigenvectors are low or high. The improved EEMD is very propitious for the decomposition of short signal, such as hydraulic impact signal, and its combination with SVM has high ability for the diagnosis of hydraulic impact faults.

  10. [Value of liquid-based cytology of brushing specimens obtained via fiberoptic bronchoscopy for the diagnosis of lung cancer].

    PubMed

    Zhao, Huan; Guo, Huiqin; Zhang, Chuanxin; Zhao, Linlin; Cao, Jian; Pan, Qinjing

    2015-06-01

    To investigate the value of the liquid-based cytology (LBC) of brushing specimens obtained via fiberoptic bronchoscopy for clinical diagnosis of lung cancer. We retrospectively analyzed the LBC cases in our hospital from January 2011 to May 2012, and evaluate its role in the diagnosis of lung cancer. The clinical data of a total of 4 380 cases were reviewed and 3 763 of them had histopathological or clinical follow-up results (including 3 306 lung cancer cases and 457 benign lesion cases). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of LBC diagnosis for lung cancer were 72.4% (2 392/3 306), 99.3% (454/457) and 75.6% (2 846/3 763), respectively. Of the 1 992 lung cancer cases diagnosed by brushing LBC, 528 cases (26.5%) were failed to take forceps biopsy and 113 cases (5.7%) showed negative forceps biopsy results. The accurate rate of subtyping of LBC for non-small cell carcinoma and small cell carcinoma was 99.0% (1 487/1 502) (P < 0.001). Take the resection histopathology as gold standard, the accurate rates of subtyping squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma by LBC were 95.6% (351/367), 95.6% (351/367) and 100% (367/367), respectively, (P < 0.001). The accurate rates of subtyping of squamous cell carcinoma, adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma by forceps biopsy were 97.0% (293/302), 97.4% (294/302) and 99.7% (301/302), respectively, (Kappa = 0.895, P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in subtyping respectively between forceps biopsy and brushing LBC (P > 0.05). Fiberoptic bronchoscopic brushing liquid-based cytology can significantly improve the detection rate of lung cancer, and have a high specificity and accurate rate of subtyping. It is an effective tool for the diagnosis and subtyping of lung cancer.

  11. Importance of accurate diagnosis in benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) therapy.

    PubMed

    Maslovara, Siniša; Vešligaj, Tihana; Butković Soldo, Silva; Pajić-Penavić, Ivana; Maslovara, Karmela; Mirošević Zubonja, Tea; Soldo, Anamarija

    2014-08-01

    To determine the importance of accurate topological diagnostics of the otolith and the differentiation of certain clinical forms of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). A prospective study was conducted at the County General Hospital Vukovar in the period from January 2011 till January 2012. A total of 81 patients with BPPV, 59 females (72.84%) and 22 (27.16%) males (p less than 0.001), mean age 60.1 (± 12.1) were examined. The diagnosis was confirmed and documented by videonystagmography (VNG). The disability due to disease and risk of falling were monitored by filling in the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) questionnaires at the beginning and at the end of the repositioning treatment. In 79 (97.3%) patients posterior semicircular canal was affected, and in a small number of patients, two (2.47%) the lateral one. After the repositioning procedures were performed, there was a significant reduction or complete elimination of symptoms in the majority of subjects, 76 (93.82%). The median total DHI sum amounted to 50.5 (± 22.2) at the beginning and 20.4 (± 18.5) at the end of the study (p less than 0.00). Similarly, the results of ABC questionnaires at the beginning of the study demonstrated a result of 59.2% (± 22.4%), and at the end of the treatment the average result of examinees was significantly higher, 84.9% (± 15.2%) (p less than 0.00). Although a subjectively positive Dix-Hallpike or a "supine roll" test is sufficient for the diagnosis of BPPV, it is necessary perform the VNG as well in order to precisely determine the exact localization of the otolith, so that an appropriate repositioning procedure can be applied.

  12. Accurate diagnosis of thyroid follicular lesions from nuclear morphology using supervised learning.

    PubMed

    Ozolek, John A; Tosun, Akif Burak; Wang, Wei; Chen, Cheng; Kolouri, Soheil; Basu, Saurav; Huang, Hu; Rohde, Gustavo K

    2014-07-01

    Follicular lesions of the thyroid remain significant diagnostic challenges in surgical pathology and cytology. The diagnosis often requires considerable resources and ancillary tests including immunohistochemistry, molecular studies, and expert consultation. Visual analyses of nuclear morphological features, generally speaking, have not been helpful in distinguishing this group of lesions. Here we describe a method for distinguishing between follicular lesions of the thyroid based on nuclear morphology. The method utilizes an optimal transport-based linear embedding for segmented nuclei, together with an adaptation of existing classification methods. We show the method outputs assignments (classification results) which are near perfectly correlated with the clinical diagnosis of several lesion types' lesions utilizing a database of 94 patients in total. Experimental comparisons also show the new method can significantly outperform standard numerical feature-type methods in terms of agreement with the clinical diagnosis gold standard. In addition, the new method could potentially be used to derive insights into biologically meaningful nuclear morphology differences in these lesions. Our methods could be incorporated into a tool for pathologists to aid in distinguishing between follicular lesions of the thyroid. In addition, these results could potentially provide nuclear morphological correlates of biological behavior and reduce health care costs by decreasing histotechnician and pathologist time and obviating the need for ancillary testing. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  13. Are rapid diagnostic tests more accurate in diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum malaria compared to microscopy at rural health centres?

    PubMed

    Batwala, Vincent; Magnussen, Pascal; Nuwaha, Fred

    2010-12-02

    Prompt, accurate diagnosis and treatment with artemisinin combination therapy remains vital to current malaria control. Blood film microscopy the current standard test for diagnosis of malaria has several limitations that necessitate field evaluation of alternative diagnostic methods especially in low income countries of sub-Saharan Africa where malaria is endemic. The accuracy of axillary temperature, health centre (HC) microscopy, expert microscopy and a HRP2-based rapid diagnostic test (Paracheck) was compared in predicting malaria infection using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as the gold standard. Three hundred patients with a clinical suspicion of malaria based on fever and or history of fever from a low and high transmission setting in Uganda were consecutively enrolled and provided blood samples for all tests. Accuracy of each test was calculated overall with 95% confidence interval and then adjusted for age-groups and level of transmission intensity using a stratified analysis. The endpoints were: sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV). This study is registered with Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT00565071. Of the 300 patients, 88(29.3%) had fever, 56(18.7%) were positive by HC microscopy, 47(15.7%) by expert microscopy, 110(36.7%) by Paracheck and 89(29.7%) by PCR. The overall sensitivity >90% was only shown by Paracheck 91.0% [95%CI: 83.1-96.0]. The sensitivity of expert microscopy was 46%, similar to HC microscopy. The superior sensitivity of Paracheck compared to microscopy was maintained when data was stratified for transmission intensity and age. The overall specificity rates were: Paracheck 86.3% [95%CI: 80.9-90.6], HC microscopy 93.4% [95%CI: 89.1-96.3] and expert microscopy 97.2% [95%CI: 93.9-98.9]. The NPV >90% was shown by Paracheck 95.8% [95%CI: 91.9-98.2]. The overall PPV was <88% for all methods. The HRP2-based RDT has shown superior sensitivity compared to microscopy in diagnosis of malaria and

  14. Rapid diagnosis of sepsis with TaqMan-Based multiplex real-time PCR.

    PubMed

    Liu, Chang-Feng; Shi, Xin-Ping; Chen, Yun; Jin, Ye; Zhang, Bing

    2018-02-01

    The survival rate of septic patients mainly depends on a rapid and reliable diagnosis. A rapid, broad range, specific and sensitive quantitative diagnostic test is the urgent need. Thus, we developed a TaqMan-Based Multiplex real-time PCR assays to identify bloodstream pathogens within a few hours. Primers and TaqMan probes were designed to be complementary to conserved regions in the 16S rDNA gene of different kinds of bacteria. To evaluate accurately, sensitively, and specifically, the known bacteria samples (Standard strains, whole blood samples) are determined by TaqMan-Based Multiplex real-time PCR. In addition, 30 blood samples taken from patients with clinical symptoms of sepsis were tested by TaqMan-Based Multiplex real-time PCR and blood culture. The mean frequency of positive for Multiplex real-time PCR was 96% at a concentration of 100 CFU/mL, and it was 100% at a concentration greater than 1000 CFU/mL. All the known blood samples and Standard strains were detected positively by TaqMan-Based Multiplex PCR, no PCR products were detected when DNAs from other bacterium were used in the multiplex assay. Among the 30 patients with clinical symptoms of sepsis, 18 patients were confirmed positive by Multiplex real-time PCR and seven patients were confirmed positive by blood culture. TaqMan-Based Multiplex real-time PCR assay with highly sensitivity, specificity and broad detection range, is a rapid and accurate method in the detection of bacterial pathogens of sepsis and should have a promising usage in the diagnosis of sepsis. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  15. Accurate antemortem diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM) based on detecting intrathecal antibodies against Sarcocystis neurona using the SnSAG2 and SnSAG4/3 ELISAs.

    PubMed

    Reed, S M; Howe, D K; Morrow, J K; Graves, A; Yeargan, M R; Johnson, A L; MacKay, R J; Furr, M; Saville, W J A; Williams, N M

    2013-01-01

    Recent work demonstrated the value of antigen-specific antibody indices (AI and C-value) to detect intrathecal antibody production against Sarcocystis neurona for antemortem diagnosis of equine protozoal myeloencephalitis (EPM). The study was conducted to assess whether the antigen-specific antibody indices can be reduced to a simple serum : cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) titer ratio to achieve accurate EPM diagnosis. Paired serum and CSF samples from 128 horses diagnosed by postmortem examination. The sample set included 44 EPM cases, 35 cervical-vertebral malformation (CVM) cases, 39 neurologic cases other than EPM or CVM, and 10 non-neurologic cases. Antibodies against S. neurona were measured in serum and CSF pairs using the SnSAG2 and SnSAG4/3 (SnSAG2, 4/3) ELISAs, and the ratio of each respective serum titer to CSF titer was determined. Likelihood ratios and diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were calculated based on serum titers, CSF titers, and serum : CSF titer ratios. Excellent diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was obtained from the SnSAG2, 4/3 serum : CSF titer ratio. Sensitivity and specificity of 93.2 and 81.1%, respectively, were achieved using a ratio cutoff of ≤100, whereas sensitivity and specificity were 86.4 and 95.9%, respectively, if a more rigorous cutoff of ≤50 was used. Antibody titers in CSF also provided good diagnostic accuracy. Serum antibody titers alone yielded much lower sensitivity and specificity. The study confirms the value of detecting intrathecal antibody production for antemortem diagnosis of EPM, and they further show that the antigen-specific antibody indices can be reduced in practice to a simple serum : CSF titer ratio. Copyright © 2013 by the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

  16. An evidence-based approach to assessing surgical versus clinical diagnosis of symptomatic endometriosis.

    PubMed

    Taylor, Hugh S; Adamson, G David; Diamond, Michael P; Goldstein, Steven R; Horne, Andrew W; Missmer, Stacey A; Snabes, Michael C; Surrey, Eric; Taylor, Robert N

    2018-05-05

    Challenges intrinsic to the accurate diagnosis of endometriosis contribute to an extended delay between the onset of symptoms and clinical confirmation. Intraoperative visualization, preferably with histologic verification, is considered by many professional organizations to be the gold standard by which endometriosis is diagnosed. Clinical diagnosis of symptomatic endometriosis via patient history, physical examination, and noninvasive tests, though more easily executed, is generally viewed as less accurate than surgical diagnosis. Technological advances and increased understanding of the pathophysiology of endometriosis warrant continuing reevaluation of the standard method for diagnosing symptomatic disease. A review of the published literature was therefore performed with the goal of comparing the accuracy of clinical diagnostic measures with that of surgical diagnosis. The current body of evidence suggests that clinical diagnosis of symptomatic endometriosis is more reliable than previously recognized and that surgical diagnosis has limitations that could be underappreciated. Regardless of the methodology used, women with suspected symptomatic endometriosis would be well served by a diagnostic paradigm that is reliable, conveys minimal risk of under- or over-diagnosis, lessens the time from symptom development to diagnosis, and guides the appropriate use of medical and surgical management strategies. © 2018 The Authors. International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.

  17. Accurate quantification of fluorescent targets within turbid media based on a decoupled fluorescence Monte Carlo model.

    PubMed

    Deng, Yong; Luo, Zhaoyang; Jiang, Xu; Xie, Wenhao; Luo, Qingming

    2015-07-01

    We propose a method based on a decoupled fluorescence Monte Carlo model for constructing fluorescence Jacobians to enable accurate quantification of fluorescence targets within turbid media. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using two cylindrical phantoms enclosing fluorescent targets within homogeneous and heterogeneous background media. The results demonstrate that our method can recover relative concentrations of the fluorescent targets with higher accuracy than the perturbation fluorescence Monte Carlo method. This suggests that our method is suitable for quantitative fluorescence diffuse optical tomography, especially for in vivo imaging of fluorophore targets for diagnosis of different diseases and abnormalities.

  18. Knowledge-based diagnosis for aerospace systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Atkinson, David J.

    1988-01-01

    The need for automated diagnosis in aerospace systems and the approach of using knowledge-based systems are examined. Research issues in knowledge-based diagnosis which are important for aerospace applications are treated along with a review of recent relevant research developments in Artificial Intelligence. The design and operation of some existing knowledge-based diagnosis systems are described. The systems described and compared include the LES expert system for liquid oxygen loading at NASA Kennedy Space Center, the FAITH diagnosis system developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the PES procedural expert system developed at SRI International, the CSRL approach developed at Ohio State University, the StarPlan system developed by Ford Aerospace, the IDM integrated diagnostic model, and the DRAPhys diagnostic system developed at NASA Langley Research Center.

  19. Intelligence system based classification approach for medical disease diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sagir, Abdu Masanawa; Sathasivam, Saratha

    2017-08-01

    The prediction of breast cancer in women who have no signs or symptoms of the disease as well as survivability after undergone certain surgery has been a challenging problem for medical researchers. The decision about presence or absence of diseases depends on the physician's intuition, experience and skill for comparing current indicators with previous one than on knowledge rich data hidden in a database. This measure is a very crucial and challenging task. The goal is to predict patient condition by using an adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) pre-processed by grid partitioning. To achieve an accurate diagnosis at this complex stage of symptom analysis, the physician may need efficient diagnosis system. A framework describes methodology for designing and evaluation of classification performances of two discrete ANFIS systems of hybrid learning algorithms least square estimates with Modified Levenberg-Marquardt and Gradient descent algorithms that can be used by physicians to accelerate diagnosis process. The proposed method's performance was evaluated based on training and test datasets with mammographic mass and Haberman's survival Datasets obtained from benchmarked datasets of University of California at Irvine's (UCI) machine learning repository. The robustness of the performance measuring total accuracy, sensitivity and specificity is examined. In comparison, the proposed method achieves superior performance when compared to conventional ANFIS based gradient descent algorithm and some related existing methods. The software used for the implementation is MATLAB R2014a (version 8.3) and executed in PC Intel Pentium IV E7400 processor with 2.80 GHz speed and 2.0 GB of RAM.

  20. Application of a diagnosis-based clinical decision guide in patients with low back pain.

    PubMed

    Murphy, Donald R; Hurwitz, Eric L

    2011-10-21

    Low back pain (LBP) is common and costly. Development of accurate and efficacious methods of diagnosis and treatment has been identified as a research priority. A diagnosis-based clinical decision guide (DBCDG; previously referred to as a diagnosis-based clinical decision rule) has been proposed which attempts to provide the clinician with a systematic, evidence-based means to apply the biopsychosocial model of care. The approach is based on three questions of diagnosis. The purpose of this study is to present the prevalence of findings using the DBCDG in consecutive patients with LBP. Demographic, diagnostic and baseline outcome measure data were gathered on a cohort of LBP patients examined by one of three examiners trained in the application of the DBCDG. Data were gathered on 264 patients. Signs of visceral disease or potentially serious illness were found in 2.7%. Centralization signs were found in 41%, lumbar and sacroiliac segmental signs in 23% and 27%, respectively and radicular signs were found in 24%. Clinically relevant myofascial signs were diagnosed in 10%. Dynamic instability was diagnosed in 63%, fear beliefs in 40%, central pain hypersensitivity in 5%, passive coping in 3% and depression in 3%. The DBCDG can be applied in a busy private practice environment. Further studies are needed to investigate clinically relevant means to identify central pain hypersensitivity, poor coping and depression, correlations and patterns among the diagnostic components of the DBCDG as well as inter-examiner reliability and efficacy of treatment based on the DBCDG.

  1. Optimal Resonant Band Demodulation Based on an Improved Correlated Kurtosis and Its Application in Bearing Fault Diagnosis

    PubMed Central

    Chen, Xianglong; Zhang, Bingzhi; Feng, Fuzhou; Jiang, Pengcheng

    2017-01-01

    The kurtosis-based indexes are usually used to identify the optimal resonant frequency band. However, kurtosis can only describe the strength of transient impulses, which cannot differentiate impulse noises and repetitive transient impulses cyclically generated in bearing vibration signals. As a result, it may lead to inaccurate results in identifying resonant frequency bands, in demodulating fault features and hence in fault diagnosis. In view of those drawbacks, this manuscript redefines the correlated kurtosis based on kurtosis and auto-correlative function, puts forward an improved correlated kurtosis based on squared envelope spectrum of bearing vibration signals. Meanwhile, this manuscript proposes an optimal resonant band demodulation method, which can adaptively determine the optimal resonant frequency band and accurately demodulate transient fault features of rolling bearings, by combining the complex Morlet wavelet filter and the Particle Swarm Optimization algorithm. Analysis of both simulation data and experimental data reveal that the improved correlated kurtosis can effectively remedy the drawbacks of kurtosis-based indexes and the proposed optimal resonant band demodulation is more accurate in identifying the optimal central frequencies and bandwidth of resonant bands. Improved fault diagnosis results in experiment verified the validity and advantage of the proposed method over the traditional kurtosis-based indexes. PMID:28208820

  2. Refining diagnosis of Parkinson's disease with deep learning-based interpretation of dopamine transporter imaging.

    PubMed

    Choi, Hongyoon; Ha, Seunggyun; Im, Hyung Jun; Paek, Sun Ha; Lee, Dong Soo

    2017-01-01

    Dopaminergic degeneration is a pathologic hallmark of Parkinson's disease (PD), which can be assessed by dopamine transporter imaging such as FP-CIT SPECT. Until now, imaging has been routinely interpreted by human though it can show interobserver variability and result in inconsistent diagnosis. In this study, we developed a deep learning-based FP-CIT SPECT interpretation system to refine the imaging diagnosis of Parkinson's disease. This system trained by SPECT images of PD patients and normal controls shows high classification accuracy comparable with the experts' evaluation referring quantification results. Its high accuracy was validated in an independent cohort composed of patients with PD and nonparkinsonian tremor. In addition, we showed that some patients clinically diagnosed as PD who have scans without evidence of dopaminergic deficit (SWEDD), an atypical subgroup of PD, could be reclassified by our automated system. Our results suggested that the deep learning-based model could accurately interpret FP-CIT SPECT and overcome variability of human evaluation. It could help imaging diagnosis of patients with uncertain Parkinsonism and provide objective patient group classification, particularly for SWEDD, in further clinical studies.

  3. MicroRNA based Pan-Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment Recommendation.

    PubMed

    Cheerla, Nikhil; Gevaert, Olivier

    2017-01-13

    The current state-of-the-art in cancer diagnosis and treatment is not ideal; diagnostic tests are accurate but invasive, and treatments are "one-size fits-all" instead of being personalized. Recently, miRNA's have garnered significant attention as cancer biomarkers, owing to their ease of access (circulating miRNA in the blood) and stability. There have been many studies showing the effectiveness of miRNA data in diagnosing specific cancer types, but few studies explore the role of miRNA in predicting treatment outcome. Here we go a step further, using tissue miRNA and clinical data across 21 cancers from the 'The Cancer Genome Atlas' (TCGA) database. We use machine learning techniques to create an accurate pan-cancer diagnosis system, and a prediction model for treatment outcomes. Finally, using these models, we create a web-based tool that diagnoses cancer and recommends the best treatment options. We achieved 97.2% accuracy for classification using a support vector machine classifier with radial basis. The accuracies improved to 99.9-100% when climbing up the embryonic tree and classifying cancers at different stages. We define the accuracy as the ratio of the total number of instances correctly classified to the total instances. The classifier also performed well, achieving greater than 80% sensitivity for many cancer types on independent validation datasets. Many miRNAs selected by our feature selection algorithm had strong previous associations to various cancers and tumor progression. Then, using miRNA, clinical and treatment data and encoding it in a machine-learning readable format, we built a prognosis predictor model to predict the outcome of treatment with 85% accuracy. We used this model to create a tool that recommends personalized treatment regimens. Both the diagnosis and prognosis model, incorporating semi-supervised learning techniques to improve their accuracies with repeated use, were uploaded online for easy access. Our research is a step

  4. Evaluation of amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) technique for quick and accurate prenatal gene diagnosis of CHM variant in choroideremia.

    PubMed

    Yang, Lisha; Ijaz, Iqra; Cheng, Jingliang; Wei, Chunli; Tan, Xiaojun; Khan, Md Asaduzzaman; Fu, Xiaodong; Fu, Junjiang

    2018-01-01

    Choroideremia is a rare X-linked recessive inherited disorder that causes chorioretinal dystrophy leading to visual impairment in its early stages which finally causes total blindness in the affected person. It is caused due to mutations in the CHM gene. In this study, we have recruited a pedigree with choroideremia and detected a nonsense variant (c.C799T:p.R267X) in CHM of the proband (I:1). Different primer sets for amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) were designed and PCR conditions were optimized. Then, we evaluated the sequence variant in the patient, carrier, and a fetus by using ARMS technique to identify if they inherited the pathogenic gene from parental generation; we used amniotic fluid DNA for the diagnosis of the gene in the fetus. The primer pairs, WT2+C and MT+C, amplified high specific products in different DNAs which were verified by Sanger sequencing. Based on our results, ARMS technique is fast, accurate, and reliable prenatal gene diagnostic tool to assess CHM variants. Taken together, our study indicates that ARMS technique can be used as a potential molecular tool in the diagnosis of prenatal mutation for choroideremia as well as other genetic diseases in undeveloped and developing countries, where there might be shortage of medical resources and supplies.

  5. Perforated posterior cecal diverticulum: challenges in establishing an accurate preoperative diagnosis of a rare emergency.

    PubMed

    Salemis, Nikolaos S; Grapatsas, Konstantinos; Matzoukas, Ioannis; Lagoudianakis, Emmanuel

    2015-03-01

    Solitary cecal diverticulitis is a rare cause of abdominal pain in Western countries. The preoperative diagnosis is very difficult to establish and most patients are operated on with a presumptive diagnosis of acute appendicitis based on clinical grounds. We describe a very rare case of perforated posterior cecal diverticulum and discuss the challenges in establishing a correct preoperative diagnosis. We conclude that although very rare, the possibility of perforated posteriorcecal diverticulum should always be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients presenting with atypical clinical manifestations of acute appendicitis. A perforation of a posterior cecal diverticulum maybe associated with a mild clinical course without signs of peritonitis. Athorough preoperative evaluation including a computed tomography scan is essential in order to establish a correct preoperative diagnosis which is of utmost importance for treatment planning in the emergency setting. Simple diverticulectomy is an effective surgical treatment in the absence of extensive inflammatory changes and when a colonic tumor can be ruled out.

  6. Computer-based rhythm diagnosis and its possible influence on nonexpert electrocardiogram readers.

    PubMed

    Hakacova, Nina; Trägårdh-Johansson, Elin; Wagner, Galen S; Maynard, Charles; Pahlm, Olle

    2012-01-01

    Systems providing computer-based analysis of the resting electrocardiogram (ECG) seek to improve the quality of health care by providing accurate and timely automatic diagnosis of, for example, cardiac rhythm to clinicians. The accuracy of these diagnoses, however, remains questionable. We tested the hypothesis that (a) 2 independent automated ECG systems have better accuracy in rhythm diagnosis than nonexpert clinicians and (b) both systems provide correct diagnostic suggestions in a large percentage of cases where the diagnosis of nonexpert clinicians is incorrect. Five hundred ECGs were manually analyzed by 2 senior experts, 3 nonexpert clinicians, and automatically by 2 automated systems. The accuracy of the nonexpert rhythm statements was compared with the accuracy of each system statement. The proportion of rhythm statements when the clinician's diagnoses were incorrect and the systems instead provided correct diagnosis was assessed. A total of 420 sinus rhythms and 156 rhythm disturbances were recognized by expert reading. Significance of the difference in accuracy between nonexperts and systems was P = .45 for system A and P = .11 for system B. The percentage of correct automated diagnoses in cases when the clinician was incorrect was 28% ± 10% for system A and 25% ± 11% for system B (P = .09). The rhythm diagnoses of automated systems did not reach better average accuracy than those of nonexpert readings. The computer diagnosis of rhythm can be incorrect in cases where the clinicians fail in reaching the correct ECG diagnosis. Copyright © 2012. Published by Elsevier Inc.

  7. Vibration Sensor-Based Bearing Fault Diagnosis Using Ellipsoid-ARTMAP and Differential Evolution Algorithms

    PubMed Central

    Liu, Chang; Wang, Guofeng; Xie, Qinglu; Zhang, Yanchao

    2014-01-01

    Effective fault classification of rolling element bearings provides an important basis for ensuring safe operation of rotating machinery. In this paper, a novel vibration sensor-based fault diagnosis method using an Ellipsoid-ARTMAP network (EAM) and a differential evolution (DE) algorithm is proposed. The original features are firstly extracted from vibration signals based on wavelet packet decomposition. Then, a minimum-redundancy maximum-relevancy algorithm is introduced to select the most prominent features so as to decrease feature dimensions. Finally, a DE-based EAM (DE-EAM) classifier is constructed to realize the fault diagnosis. The major characteristic of EAM is that the sample distribution of each category is realized by using a hyper-ellipsoid node and smoothing operation algorithm. Therefore, it can depict the decision boundary of disperse samples accurately and effectively avoid over-fitting phenomena. To optimize EAM network parameters, the DE algorithm is presented and two objectives, including both classification accuracy and nodes number, are simultaneously introduced as the fitness functions. Meanwhile, an exponential criterion is proposed to realize final selection of the optimal parameters. To prove the effectiveness of the proposed method, the vibration signals of four types of rolling element bearings under different loads were collected. Moreover, to improve the robustness of the classifier evaluation, a two-fold cross validation scheme is adopted and the order of feature samples is randomly arranged ten times within each fold. The results show that DE-EAM classifier can recognize the fault categories of the rolling element bearings reliably and accurately. PMID:24936949

  8. Older Adult Experience of Online Diagnosis: Results From a Scenario-Based Think-Aloud Protocol

    PubMed Central

    2014-01-01

    Background Searching for online information to interpret symptoms is an increasingly prevalent activity among patients, even among older adults. As older adults typically have complex health care needs, their risk of misinterpreting symptoms via online self-diagnosis may be greater. However, limited research has been conducted with older adults in the areas of symptom interpretation and human-computer interaction. Objective The intent of the study was to describe the processes that a sample of older adults may use to diagnose symptoms online as well as the processes that predict accurate diagnosis. Methods We conducted a series of “think-aloud” protocols with 79 adults aged 50 years or older. Participants received one of two vignettes that depicted symptoms of illness. Participants talked out loud about their thoughts and actions while attempting to diagnose the symptoms with and without the help of common Internet tools (Google and WebMD’s Symptom Checker). Think-aloud content was categorized using an adapted Q-sort and general inductive approach. We then compared the think-aloud content of participants who were accurate in their diagnosis with those who were not. Results Nineteen descriptive codes were identified from the think-aloud content. The codes touched upon Web navigation, attempts to organize and evaluate online health information, and strategies to diagnose symptoms. Participants most frequently relied on a strategy where they reviewed and then rejected the online diagnoses if they contained additional symptoms than those that were depicted in the vignette. Finally, participants who were inaccurate in their diagnosis reported being confused by the diagnosis task, lacking confidence in their diagnosis, and using their past experiences with illness to guide diagnosis more frequently than those participants who accurately diagnosed the symptoms. Conclusions Older adult participants tended to rely on matching strategies to interpret symptoms, but many

  9. Rule-based fault diagnosis of hall sensors and fault-tolerant control of PMSM

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Song, Ziyou; Li, Jianqiu; Ouyang, Minggao; Gu, Jing; Feng, Xuning; Lu, Dongbin

    2013-07-01

    Hall sensor is widely used for estimating rotor phase of permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM). And rotor position is an essential parameter of PMSM control algorithm, hence it is very dangerous if Hall senor faults occur. But there is scarcely any research focusing on fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of Hall sensor used in PMSM. From this standpoint, the Hall sensor faults which may occur during the PMSM operating are theoretically analyzed. According to the analysis results, the fault diagnosis algorithm of Hall sensor, which is based on three rules, is proposed to classify the fault phenomena accurately. The rotor phase estimation algorithms, based on one or two Hall sensor(s), are initialized to engender the fault-tolerant control algorithm. The fault diagnosis algorithm can detect 60 Hall fault phenomena in total as well as all detections can be fulfilled in 1/138 rotor rotation period. The fault-tolerant control algorithm can achieve a smooth torque production which means the same control effect as normal control mode (with three Hall sensors). Finally, the PMSM bench test verifies the accuracy and rapidity of fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control strategies. The fault diagnosis algorithm can detect all Hall sensor faults promptly and fault-tolerant control algorithm allows the PMSM to face failure conditions of one or two Hall sensor(s). In addition, the transitions between health-control and fault-tolerant control conditions are smooth without any additional noise and harshness. Proposed algorithms can deal with the Hall sensor faults of PMSM in real applications, and can be provided to realize the fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of PMSM.

  10. Knowledge-based fault diagnosis system for refuse collection vehicle

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Tan, CheeFai; Juffrizal, K.; Khalil, S. N.

    The refuse collection vehicle is manufactured by local vehicle body manufacturer. Currently; the company supplied six model of the waste compactor truck to the local authority as well as waste management company. The company is facing difficulty to acquire the knowledge from the expert when the expert is absence. To solve the problem, the knowledge from the expert can be stored in the expert system. The expert system is able to provide necessary support to the company when the expert is not available. The implementation of the process and tool is able to be standardize and more accurate. The knowledgemore » that input to the expert system is based on design guidelines and experience from the expert. This project highlighted another application on knowledge-based system (KBS) approached in trouble shooting of the refuse collection vehicle production process. The main aim of the research is to develop a novel expert fault diagnosis system framework for the refuse collection vehicle.« less

  11. A clinical decision support system for diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis based on intradermal skin tests.

    PubMed

    Jabez Christopher, J; Khanna Nehemiah, H; Kannan, A

    2015-10-01

    Allergic Rhinitis is a universal common disease, especially in populated cities and urban areas. Diagnosis and treatment of Allergic Rhinitis will improve the quality of life of allergic patients. Though skin tests remain the gold standard test for diagnosis of allergic disorders, clinical experts are required for accurate interpretation of test outcomes. This work presents a clinical decision support system (CDSS) to assist junior clinicians in the diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis. Intradermal Skin tests were performed on patients who had plausible allergic symptoms. Based on patient׳s history, 40 clinically relevant allergens were tested. 872 patients who had allergic symptoms were considered for this study. The rule based classification approach and the clinical test results were used to develop and validate the CDSS. Clinical relevance of the CDSS was compared with the Score for Allergic Rhinitis (SFAR). Tests were conducted for junior clinicians to assess their diagnostic capability in the absence of an expert. The class based Association rule generation approach provides a concise set of rules that is further validated by clinical experts. The interpretations of the experts are considered as the gold standard. The CDSS diagnoses the presence or absence of rhinitis with an accuracy of 88.31%. The allergy specialist and the junior clinicians prefer the rule based approach for its comprehendible knowledge model. The Clinical Decision Support Systems with rule based classification approach assists junior doctors and clinicians in the diagnosis of Allergic Rhinitis to make reliable decisions based on the reports of intradermal skin tests. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  12. Novel, In-House, SYBR Green Based One-Step rRT-PCR: Rapid and Accurate Diagnosis of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Suspected Patients From Iran.

    PubMed

    Zahraei, Bentolhoda; Hashemzadeh, Mohammad Sadegh; Najarasl, Mohammad; Zahiriyeganeh, Samaneh; Tat, Mahdi; Metanat, Maliheh; Sepehri Rad, Nahid; Khansari-Nejad, Behzad; Zafari, Ehsan; Sharti, Mojtaba; Dorostkar, Ruhollah

    2016-01-01

    The Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) virus causes severe disease in humans, with a high mortality rate. Since, there is no approved vaccine or specific treatment for CCHF, an early and accurate diagnosis, as well as reliable surveillance, is essential for case management and patient improvement. For this research, our aim was to evaluate the application of a novel SYBR Green based one-step real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay for the in-house diagnosis of the CCHF virus. In this experimental study, the highly conserved S-region sequence of the CCHF viral genome was first adapted from GenBank, and the specific primers targeting this region were designed. Then, the viral RNA was extracted from 75 serum samples from different patients in eastern Iran. The sensitivity and specificity of the primers were also evaluated in positive serum samples previously confirmed to have the CCHF virus, by this one-step rRT-PCR assay, as well as a DNA sequencing analysis. From a total of 75 suspected serum samples, 42 were confirmed to be positive for CCHF virus, with no false-positives detected by the sequencing results. After 40 amplification cycles, the melting curve analysis revealed a mean melting temperature (Tm) of 86.5 ± 0.6°C (quite different from those of the primer-dimers), and the positive samples showed only a small variation in the parameters. In all of the positive samples, the predicted length of 420 bp was confirmed by electrophoresis. Moreover, the sensitivity test showed that this assay can detect less than 20 copies of viral RNA per reaction. This study showed that this novel one-step rRT-PCR assay is a rapid, reliable, repeatable, specific, sensitive, and simple tool for the detection of the CCHF virus.

  13. Fusion information entropy method of rolling bearing fault diagnosis based on n-dimensional characteristic parameter distance

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ai, Yan-Ting; Guan, Jiao-Yue; Fei, Cheng-Wei; Tian, Jing; Zhang, Feng-Ling

    2017-05-01

    To monitor rolling bearing operating status with casings in real time efficiently and accurately, a fusion method based on n-dimensional characteristic parameters distance (n-DCPD) was proposed for rolling bearing fault diagnosis with two types of signals including vibration signal and acoustic emission signals. The n-DCPD was investigated based on four information entropies (singular spectrum entropy in time domain, power spectrum entropy in frequency domain, wavelet space characteristic spectrum entropy and wavelet energy spectrum entropy in time-frequency domain) and the basic thought of fusion information entropy fault diagnosis method with n-DCPD was given. Through rotor simulation test rig, the vibration and acoustic emission signals of six rolling bearing faults (ball fault, inner race fault, outer race fault, inner-ball faults, inner-outer faults and normal) are collected under different operation conditions with the emphasis on the rotation speed from 800 rpm to 2000 rpm. In the light of the proposed fusion information entropy method with n-DCPD, the diagnosis of rolling bearing faults was completed. The fault diagnosis results show that the fusion entropy method holds high precision in the recognition of rolling bearing faults. The efforts of this study provide a novel and useful methodology for the fault diagnosis of an aeroengine rolling bearing.

  14. Radiometrically accurate scene-based nonuniformity correction for array sensors.

    PubMed

    Ratliff, Bradley M; Hayat, Majeed M; Tyo, J Scott

    2003-10-01

    A novel radiometrically accurate scene-based nonuniformity correction (NUC) algorithm is described. The technique combines absolute calibration with a recently reported algebraic scene-based NUC algorithm. The technique is based on the following principle: First, detectors that are along the perimeter of the focal-plane array are absolutely calibrated; then the calibration is transported to the remaining uncalibrated interior detectors through the application of the algebraic scene-based algorithm, which utilizes pairs of image frames exhibiting arbitrary global motion. The key advantage of this technique is that it can obtain radiometric accuracy during NUC without disrupting camera operation. Accurate estimates of the bias nonuniformity can be achieved with relatively few frames, which can be fewer than ten frame pairs. Advantages of this technique are discussed, and a thorough performance analysis is presented with use of simulated and real infrared imagery.

  15. The contribution of an asthma diagnostic consultation service in obtaining an accurate asthma diagnosis for primary care patients: results of a real-life study.

    PubMed

    Gillis, R M E; van Litsenburg, W; van Balkom, R H; Muris, J W; Smeenk, F W

    2017-05-19

    Previous studies showed that general practitioners have problems in diagnosing asthma accurately, resulting in both under and overdiagnosis. To support general practitioners in their diagnostic process, an asthma diagnostic consultation service was set up. We evaluated the performance of this asthma diagnostic consultation service by analysing the (dis)concordance between the general practitioners working hypotheses and the asthma diagnostic consultation service diagnoses and possible consequences this had on the patients' pharmacotherapy. In total 659 patients were included in this study. At this service the patients' medical history was taken and a physical examination and a histamine challenge test were carried out. We compared the general practitioners working hypotheses with the asthma diagnostic consultation service diagnoses and the change in medication that was incurred. In 52% (n = 340) an asthma diagnosis was excluded. The diagnosis was confirmed in 42% (n = 275). Furthermore, chronic rhinitis was diagnosed in 40% (n = 261) of the patients whereas this was noted in 25% (n = 163) by their general practitioner. The adjusted diagnosis resulted in a change of medication for more than half of all patients. In 10% (n = 63) medication was started because of a new asthma diagnosis. The 'one-stop-shop' principle was met with 53% of patients and 91% (n = 599) were referred back to their general practitioner, mostly within 6 months. Only 6% (n = 41) remained under control of the asthma diagnostic consultation service because of severe unstable asthma. In conclusion, the asthma diagnostic consultation service helped general practitioners significantly in setting accurate diagnoses for their patients with an asthma hypothesis. This may contribute to diminish the problem of over and underdiagnosis and may result in more appropriate treatment regimens. SERVICE HELPS GENERAL PRACTITIONERS MAKE ACCURATE DIAGNOSES: A consultation service can

  16. A dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method for power transformers.

    PubMed

    Gao, Wensheng; Bai, Cuifen; Liu, Tong

    2015-01-01

    In order to diagnose transformer fault efficiently and accurately, a dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method based on Bayesian network is proposed in this paper. First, an integrated fault diagnosis model is established based on the causal relationship among abnormal working conditions, failure modes, and failure symptoms of transformers, aimed at obtaining the most possible failure mode. And then considering the evidence input into the diagnosis model is gradually acquired and the fault diagnosis process in reality is multistep, a dynamic fault diagnosis mechanism is proposed based on the integrated fault diagnosis model. Different from the existing one-step diagnosis mechanism, it includes a multistep evidence-selection process, which gives the most effective diagnostic test to be performed in next step. Therefore, it can reduce unnecessary diagnostic tests and improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis. Finally, the dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method is applied to actual cases, and the validity of this method is verified.

  17. A Dynamic Integrated Fault Diagnosis Method for Power Transformers

    PubMed Central

    Gao, Wensheng; Liu, Tong

    2015-01-01

    In order to diagnose transformer fault efficiently and accurately, a dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method based on Bayesian network is proposed in this paper. First, an integrated fault diagnosis model is established based on the causal relationship among abnormal working conditions, failure modes, and failure symptoms of transformers, aimed at obtaining the most possible failure mode. And then considering the evidence input into the diagnosis model is gradually acquired and the fault diagnosis process in reality is multistep, a dynamic fault diagnosis mechanism is proposed based on the integrated fault diagnosis model. Different from the existing one-step diagnosis mechanism, it includes a multistep evidence-selection process, which gives the most effective diagnostic test to be performed in next step. Therefore, it can reduce unnecessary diagnostic tests and improve the accuracy and efficiency of diagnosis. Finally, the dynamic integrated fault diagnosis method is applied to actual cases, and the validity of this method is verified. PMID:25685841

  18. Centered Kernel Alignment Enhancing Neural Network Pretraining for MRI-Based Dementia Diagnosis

    PubMed Central

    Cárdenas-Peña, David; Collazos-Huertas, Diego; Castellanos-Dominguez, German

    2016-01-01

    Dementia is a growing problem that affects elderly people worldwide. More accurate evaluation of dementia diagnosis can help during the medical examination. Several methods for computer-aided dementia diagnosis have been proposed using resonance imaging scans to discriminate between patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and healthy controls (NC). Nonetheless, the computer-aided diagnosis is especially challenging because of the heterogeneous and intermediate nature of MCI. We address the automated dementia diagnosis by introducing a novel supervised pretraining approach that takes advantage of the artificial neural network (ANN) for complex classification tasks. The proposal initializes an ANN based on linear projections to achieve more discriminating spaces. Such projections are estimated by maximizing the centered kernel alignment criterion that assesses the affinity between the resonance imaging data kernel matrix and the label target matrix. As a result, the performed linear embedding allows accounting for features that contribute the most to the MCI class discrimination. We compare the supervised pretraining approach to two unsupervised initialization methods (autoencoders and Principal Component Analysis) and against the best four performing classification methods of the 2014 CADDementia challenge. As a result, our proposal outperforms all the baselines (7% of classification accuracy and area under the receiver-operating-characteristic curve) at the time it reduces the class biasing. PMID:27148392

  19. Cost and Budget Impact Analysis of an Accurate Intraoperative Sentinel Lymph Node Diagnosis for Breast Cancer Metastasis.

    PubMed

    Saruta, Yuko; Puig-Junoy, Jaume

    2016-06-01

    Conventional intraoperative sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in breast cancer (BC) has limitations in establishing a definitive diagnosis of metastasis intraoperatively, leading to an unnecessary second operation. The one-step nucleic amplification assay (OSNA) provides accurate intraoperative diagnosis and avoids further testing. Only five articles have researched the cost and cost effectiveness of this diagnostic tool, although many hospitals have adopted it, and economic evaluation is needed for budget holders. We aimed to measure the budget impact in Japanese BC patients after the introduction of OSNA, and assess the certainty of the results. Budget impact analysis of OSNA on Japanese healthcare expenditure from 2015 to 2020. Local governments, society-managed health insurers, and Japan health insurance associations were the budget holders. In order to assess the cost gap between the gold standard (GS) and OSNA in intraoperative SLNB, a two-scenario comparative model that was structured using the clinical pathway of a BC patient group who received SLNB was applied. Clinical practice guidelines for BC were cited for cost estimation. The total estimated cost of all BC patients diagnosed by GS was US$1,023,313,850. The budget impact of OSNA in total health expenditure was -US$24,413,153 (-US$346 per patient). Two-way sensitivity analysis between survival rate (SR) of the GS and OSNA was performed by illustrating a cost-saving threshold: y ≅ 1.14x - 0.16 in positive patients, and y ≅ 0.96x + 0.029 in negative patients (x = SR-GS, y = SR-OSNA). Base inputs of the variables in these formulas demonstrated a cost saving. OSNA reduces healthcare costs, as confirmed by sensitivity analysis.

  20. Accurate ECG diagnosis of atrial tachyarrhythmias using quantitative analysis: a prospective diagnostic and cost-effectiveness study.

    PubMed

    Krummen, David E; Patel, Mitul; Nguyen, Hong; Ho, Gordon; Kazi, Dhruv S; Clopton, Paul; Holland, Marian C; Greenberg, Scott L; Feld, Gregory K; Faddis, Mitchell N; Narayan, Sanjiv M

    2010-11-01

    Quantitative ECG Analysis. Optimal atrial tachyarrhythmia management is facilitated by accurate electrocardiogram interpretation, yet typical atrial flutter (AFl) may present without sawtooth F-waves or RR regularity, and atrial fibrillation (AF) may be difficult to separate from atypical AFl or rapid focal atrial tachycardia (AT). We analyzed whether improved diagnostic accuracy using a validated analysis tool significantly impacts costs and patient care. We performed a prospective, blinded, multicenter study using a novel quantitative computerized algorithm to identify atrial tachyarrhythmia mechanism from the surface ECG in patients referred for electrophysiology study (EPS). In 122 consecutive patients (age 60 ± 12 years) referred for EPS, 91 sustained atrial tachyarrhythmias were studied. ECGs were also interpreted by 9 physicians from 3 specialties for comparison and to allow healthcare system modeling. Diagnostic accuracy was compared to the diagnosis at EPS. A Markov model was used to estimate the impact of improved arrhythmia diagnosis. We found 13% of typical AFl ECGs had neither sawtooth flutter waves nor RR regularity, and were misdiagnosed by the majority of clinicians (0/6 correctly diagnosed by consensus visual interpretation) but correctly by quantitative analysis in 83% (5/6, P = 0.03). AF diagnosis was also improved through use of the algorithm (92%) versus visual interpretation (primary care: 76%, P < 0.01). Economically, we found that these improvements in diagnostic accuracy resulted in an average cost-savings of $1,303 and 0.007 quality-adjusted-life-years per patient. Typical AFl and AF are frequently misdiagnosed using visual criteria. Quantitative analysis improves diagnostic accuracy and results in improved healthcare costs and patient outcomes. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  1. Alzheimer's Disease Early Diagnosis Using Manifold-Based Semi-Supervised Learning.

    PubMed

    Khajehnejad, Moein; Saatlou, Forough Habibollahi; Mohammadzade, Hoda

    2017-08-20

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently ranked as the sixth leading cause of death in the United States and recent estimates indicate that the disorder may rank third, just behind heart disease and cancer, as a cause of death for older people. Clearly, predicting this disease in the early stages and preventing it from progressing is of great importance. The diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) requires a variety of medical tests, which leads to huge amounts of multivariate heterogeneous data. It can be difficult and exhausting to manually compare, visualize, and analyze this data due to the heterogeneous nature of medical tests; therefore, an efficient approach for accurate prediction of the condition of the brain through the classification of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images is greatly beneficial and yet very challenging. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed for the diagnosis of very early stages of AD through an efficient classification of brain MRI images, which uses label propagation in a manifold-based semi-supervised learning framework. We first apply voxel morphometry analysis to extract some of the most critical AD-related features of brain images from the original MRI volumes and also gray matter (GM) segmentation volumes. The features must capture the most discriminative properties that vary between a healthy and Alzheimer-affected brain. Next, we perform a principal component analysis (PCA)-based dimension reduction on the extracted features for faster yet sufficiently accurate analysis. To make the best use of the captured features, we present a hybrid manifold learning framework which embeds the feature vectors in a subspace. Next, using a small set of labeled training data, we apply a label propagation method in the created manifold space to predict the labels of the remaining images and classify them in the two groups of mild Alzheimer's and normal condition (MCI/NC). The accuracy of the classification using the proposed method is 93

  2. Model-based reconfiguration: Diagnosis and recovery

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Crow, Judy; Rushby, John

    1994-01-01

    We extend Reiter's general theory of model-based diagnosis to a theory of fault detection, identification, and reconfiguration (FDIR). The generality of Reiter's theory readily supports an extension in which the problem of reconfiguration is viewed as a close analog of the problem of diagnosis. Using a reconfiguration predicate 'rcfg' analogous to the abnormality predicate 'ab,' we derive a strategy for reconfiguration by transforming the corresponding strategy for diagnosis. There are two obvious benefits of this approach: algorithms for diagnosis can be exploited as algorithms for reconfiguration and we have a theoretical framework for an integrated approach to FDIR. As a first step toward realizing these benefits we show that a class of diagnosis engines can be used for reconfiguration and we discuss algorithms for integrated FDIR. We argue that integrating recovery and diagnosis is an essential next step if this technology is to be useful for practical applications.

  3. Development of a Fluorescence-Based Sensor for Rapid Diagnosis of Cyanide Exposure

    PubMed Central

    2015-01-01

    Although commonly known as a highly toxic chemical, cyanide is also an essential reagent for many industrial processes in areas such as mining, electroplating, and synthetic fiber production. The “heavy” use of cyanide in these industries, along with its necessary transportation, increases the possibility of human exposure. Because the onset of cyanide toxicity is fast, a rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for the diagnosis of cyanide exposure is necessary. Therefore, a field sensor for the diagnosis of cyanide exposure was developed based on the reaction of naphthalene dialdehyde, taurine, and cyanide, yielding a fluorescent β-isoindole. An integrated cyanide capture “apparatus”, consisting of sample and cyanide capture chambers, allowed rapid separation of cyanide from blood samples. Rabbit whole blood was added to the sample chamber, acidified, and the HCN gas evolved was actively transferred through a stainless steel channel to the capture chamber containing a basic solution of naphthalene dialdehyde (NDA) and taurine. The overall analysis time (including the addition of the sample) was <3 min, the linear range was 3.13–200 μM, and the limit of detection was 0.78 μM. None of the potential interferents investigated (NaHS, NH4OH, NaSCN, and human serum albumin) produced a signal that could be interpreted as a false positive or a false negative for cyanide exposure. Most importantly, the sensor was 100% accurate in diagnosing cyanide poisoning for acutely exposed rabbits. PMID:24383576

  4. Development of a fluorescence-based sensor for rapid diagnosis of cyanide exposure.

    PubMed

    Jackson, Randy; Oda, Robert P; Bhandari, Raj K; Mahon, Sari B; Brenner, Matthew; Rockwood, Gary A; Logue, Brian A

    2014-02-04

    Although commonly known as a highly toxic chemical, cyanide is also an essential reagent for many industrial processes in areas such as mining, electroplating, and synthetic fiber production. The "heavy" use of cyanide in these industries, along with its necessary transportation, increases the possibility of human exposure. Because the onset of cyanide toxicity is fast, a rapid, sensitive, and accurate method for the diagnosis of cyanide exposure is necessary. Therefore, a field sensor for the diagnosis of cyanide exposure was developed based on the reaction of naphthalene dialdehyde, taurine, and cyanide, yielding a fluorescent β-isoindole. An integrated cyanide capture "apparatus", consisting of sample and cyanide capture chambers, allowed rapid separation of cyanide from blood samples. Rabbit whole blood was added to the sample chamber, acidified, and the HCN gas evolved was actively transferred through a stainless steel channel to the capture chamber containing a basic solution of naphthalene dialdehyde (NDA) and taurine. The overall analysis time (including the addition of the sample) was <3 min, the linear range was 3.13-200 μM, and the limit of detection was 0.78 μM. None of the potential interferents investigated (NaHS, NH4OH, NaSCN, and human serum albumin) produced a signal that could be interpreted as a false positive or a false negative for cyanide exposure. Most importantly, the sensor was 100% accurate in diagnosing cyanide poisoning for acutely exposed rabbits.

  5. A diagnosis-based clinical decision rule for spinal pain part 2: review of the literature

    PubMed Central

    Murphy, Donald R; Hurwitz, Eric L; Nelson, Craig F

    2008-01-01

    Background Spinal pain is a common and often disabling problem. The research on various treatments for spinal pain has, for the most part, suggested that while several interventions have demonstrated mild to moderate short-term benefit, no single treatment has a major impact on either pain or disability. There is great need for more accurate diagnosis in patients with spinal pain. In a previous paper, the theoretical model of a diagnosis-based clinical decision rule was presented. The approach is designed to provide the clinician with a strategy for arriving at a specific working diagnosis from which treatment decisions can be made. It is based on three questions of diagnosis. In the current paper, the literature on the reliability and validity of the assessment procedures that are included in the diagnosis-based clinical decision rule is presented. Methods The databases of Medline, Cinahl, Embase and MANTIS were searched for studies that evaluated the reliability and validity of clinic-based diagnostic procedures for patients with spinal pain that have relevance for questions 2 (which investigates characteristics of the pain source) and 3 (which investigates perpetuating factors of the pain experience). In addition, the reference list of identified papers and authors' libraries were searched. Results A total of 1769 articles were retrieved, of which 138 were deemed relevant. Fifty-one studies related to reliability and 76 related to validity. One study evaluated both reliability and validity. Conclusion Regarding some aspects of the DBCDR, there are a number of studies that allow the clinician to have a reasonable degree of confidence in his or her findings. This is particularly true for centralization signs, neurodynamic signs and psychological perpetuating factors. There are other aspects of the DBCDR in which a lesser degree of confidence is warranted, and in which further research is needed. PMID:18694490

  6. Mass spectrometry-based protein identification with accurate statistical significance assignment.

    PubMed

    Alves, Gelio; Yu, Yi-Kuo

    2015-03-01

    Assigning statistical significance accurately has become increasingly important as metadata of many types, often assembled in hierarchies, are constructed and combined for further biological analyses. Statistical inaccuracy of metadata at any level may propagate to downstream analyses, undermining the validity of scientific conclusions thus drawn. From the perspective of mass spectrometry-based proteomics, even though accurate statistics for peptide identification can now be achieved, accurate protein level statistics remain challenging. We have constructed a protein ID method that combines peptide evidences of a candidate protein based on a rigorous formula derived earlier; in this formula the database P-value of every peptide is weighted, prior to the final combination, according to the number of proteins it maps to. We have also shown that this protein ID method provides accurate protein level E-value, eliminating the need of using empirical post-processing methods for type-I error control. Using a known protein mixture, we find that this protein ID method, when combined with the Sorić formula, yields accurate values for the proportion of false discoveries. In terms of retrieval efficacy, the results from our method are comparable with other methods tested. The source code, implemented in C++ on a linux system, is available for download at ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/qmbp/qmbp_ms/RAId/RAId_Linux_64Bit. Published by Oxford University Press 2014. This work is written by US Government employees and is in the public domain in the US.

  7. A fault diagnosis system for PV power station based on global partitioned gradually approximation method

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, S.; Zhang, X. N.; Gao, D. D.; Liu, H. X.; Ye, J.; Li, L. R.

    2016-08-01

    As the solar photovoltaic (PV) power is applied extensively, more attentions are paid to the maintenance and fault diagnosis of PV power plants. Based on analysis of the structure of PV power station, the global partitioned gradually approximation method is proposed as a fault diagnosis algorithm to determine and locate the fault of PV panels. The PV array is divided into 16x16 blocks and numbered. On the basis of modularly processing of the PV array, the current values of each block are analyzed. The mean current value of each block is used for calculating the fault weigh factor. The fault threshold is defined to determine the fault, and the shade is considered to reduce the probability of misjudgments. A fault diagnosis system is designed and implemented with LabVIEW. And it has some functions including the data realtime display, online check, statistics, real-time prediction and fault diagnosis. Through the data from PV plants, the algorithm is verified. The results show that the fault diagnosis results are accurate, and the system works well. The validity and the possibility of the system are verified by the results as well. The developed system will be benefit for the maintenance and management of large scale PV array.

  8. Diagnosis and treatment of dementia: 2. Diagnosis

    PubMed Central

    Feldman, Howard H.; Jacova, Claudia; Robillard, Alain; Garcia, Angeles; Chow, Tiffany; Borrie, Michael; Schipper, Hyman M.; Blair, Mervin; Kertesz, Andrew; Chertkow, Howard

    2008-01-01

    Background Dementia can now be accurately diagnosed through clinical evaluation, cognitive screening, basic laboratory evaluation and structural imaging. A large number of ancillary techniques are also available to aid in diagnosis, but their role in the armamentarium of family physicians remains controversial. In this article, we provide physicians with practical guidance on the diagnosis of dementia based on recommendations from the Third Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia, held in March 2006. Methods We developed evidence-based guidelines using systematic literature searches, with specific criteria for study selection and quality assessment, and a clear and transparent decision-making process. We selected studies published from January 1996 to December 2005 that pertained to key diagnostic issues in dementia. We graded the strength of evidence using the criteria of the Canadian Task Force on Preventive Health Care. Results Of the 1591 articles we identified on all aspects of dementia diagnosis, 1095 met our inclusion criteria; 620 were deemed to be of good or fair quality. From a synthesis of the evidence in these studies, we made 32 recommendations related to the diagnosis of dementia. There are clinical criteria for diagnosing most forms of dementia. A standard diagnostic evaluation can be performd by family physicians over multiple visits. It involves a clinical history (from patient and caregiver), a physical examination and brief cognitive testing. A list of core laboratory tests is recommended. Structural imaging with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging is recommended in selected cases to rule out treatable causes of dementia or to rule in cerebrovascular disease. There is insufficient evidence to recommend routine functional imaging, measurement of biomarkers or neuropsychologic testing. Interpretation The diagnosis of dementia remains clinically integrative based on history, physical examination and

  9. Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis in dromedary camel (Camelus dromedarius) using lateral flow assay-based kit.

    PubMed

    Ranjan, Rakesh; Narnaware, Shirish D; Nath, Kashi; Sawal, R K; Patil, N V

    2018-04-01

    Accurate early antemortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in dromedary camels is difficult due to the lack of reliable diagnostic test. The present study aimed to evaluate a lateral flow assay-based kit (rapid assay kit) in tuberculosis diagnosis that employs immuno-chromatographic detection of antibodies in serum, plasma, or whole blood. In a dromedary camel herd comprising 337 animals located at Bikaner, Rajasthan, India, 50 adult weak camels (11 males and 39 females) were tested by applying a single intradermal tuberculin test (SIDT) and rapid assay kit. A total of 14 animals (2 males, 12 females) were found positive in rapid assay. In SIDT, four animals revealed a positive reaction in the neck region and seven animals in the tail base. Another male animal was found SIDT positive but negative in rapid assay; it died after 12 months. Nine rapid assay positive animals died asymptomatically in 1- to 11-month period revealing postmortem tuberculosis lesions that were confirmed by Ziehl-Neelsen staining and histopathology. No tuberculous lesion was evident in the animal found positive in SIDT alone. Results of the present study indicated that serological tests like rapid assay kit can serve as a reliable test for antemortem diagnosis of tuberculosis in dromedary camel.

  10. Differential equation based method for accurate approximations in optimization

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Pritchard, Jocelyn I.; Adelman, Howard M.

    1990-01-01

    This paper describes a method to efficiently and accurately approximate the effect of design changes on structural response. The key to this new method is to interpret sensitivity equations as differential equations that may be solved explicitly for closed form approximations, hence, the method is denoted the Differential Equation Based (DEB) method. Approximations were developed for vibration frequencies, mode shapes and static displacements. The DEB approximation method was applied to a cantilever beam and results compared with the commonly-used linear Taylor series approximations and exact solutions. The test calculations involved perturbing the height, width, cross-sectional area, tip mass, and bending inertia of the beam. The DEB method proved to be very accurate, and in msot cases, was more accurate than the linear Taylor series approximation. The method is applicable to simultaneous perturbation of several design variables. Also, the approximations may be used to calculate other system response quantities. For example, the approximations for displacement are used to approximate bending stresses.

  11. Differential equation based method for accurate approximations in optimization

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Pritchard, Jocelyn I.; Adelman, Howard M.

    1990-01-01

    A method to efficiently and accurately approximate the effect of design changes on structural response is described. The key to this method is to interpret sensitivity equations as differential equations that may be solved explicitly for closed form approximations, hence, the method is denoted the Differential Equation Based (DEB) method. Approximations were developed for vibration frequencies, mode shapes and static displacements. The DEB approximation method was applied to a cantilever beam and results compared with the commonly-used linear Taylor series approximations and exact solutions. The test calculations involved perturbing the height, width, cross-sectional area, tip mass, and bending inertia of the beam. The DEB method proved to be very accurate, and in most cases, was more accurate than the linear Taylor series approximation. The method is applicable to simultaneous perturbation of several design variables. Also, the approximations may be used to calculate other system response quantities. For example, the approximations for displacements are used to approximate bending stresses.

  12. Nucleic acid aptamer-based methods for diagnosis of infections.

    PubMed

    Park, Ki Soo

    2018-04-15

    Infectious diseases are a serious global problem, which not only take an enormous human toll but also incur tremendous economic losses. In combating infectious diseases, rapid and accurate diagnostic tests are required for pathogen identification at the point of care (POC). In this review, investigations of diagnostic strategies for infectious diseases that are based on aptamers, especially nucleic acid aptamers, oligonucleotides that have high affinities and specificities toward their targets, are described. Owing to their unique features including low cost of production, easy chemical modification, high chemical stability, reproducibility, and low levels of immunogenicity and toxicity, aptamers have been widely utilized as bio-recognition elements (bio-receptors) for the development of infection diagnostic systems. We discuss nucleic acid aptamer-based methods that have been developed for diagnosis of infections using a format that organizes discussion according to the target pathogenic analytes including toxins or proteins, whole cells and nucleic acids. Also included is, a summary of recent advances made in the sensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria utilizing the isothermal nucleic acid amplification method. Lastly, a nucleic acid aptamer-based POC system is described and future directions of studies in this area are discussed. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  13. Detection theory for accurate and non-invasive skin cancer diagnosis using dynamic thermal imaging

    PubMed Central

    Godoy, Sebastián E.; Hayat, Majeed M.; Ramirez, David A.; Myers, Stephen A.; Padilla, R. Steven; Krishna, Sanjay

    2017-01-01

    Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States with over 3.5M annual cases. Presently, visual inspection by a dermatologist has good sensitivity (> 90%) but poor specificity (< 10%), especially for melanoma, which leads to a high number of unnecessary biopsies. Here we use dynamic thermal imaging (DTI) to demonstrate a rapid, accurate and non-invasive imaging system for detection of skin cancer. In DTI, the lesion is cooled down and the thermal recovery is recorded using infrared imaging. The thermal recovery curves of the suspected lesions are then utilized in the context of continuous-time detection theory in order to define an optimal statistical decision rule such that the sensitivity of the algorithm is guaranteed to be at a maximum for every prescribed false-alarm probability. The proposed methodology was tested in a pilot study including 140 human subjects demonstrating a sensitivity in excess of 99% for a prescribed specificity in excess of 99% for detection of skin cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest reported accuracy for any non-invasive skin cancer diagnosis method. PMID:28736673

  14. Qualitative model-based diagnosis using possibility theory

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Joslyn, Cliff

    1994-01-01

    The potential for the use of possibility in the qualitative model-based diagnosis of spacecraft systems is described. The first sections of the paper briefly introduce the Model-Based Diagnostic (MBD) approach to spacecraft fault diagnosis; Qualitative Modeling (QM) methodologies; and the concepts of possibilistic modeling in the context of Generalized Information Theory (GIT). Then the necessary conditions for the applicability of possibilistic methods to qualitative MBD, and a number of potential directions for such an application, are described.

  15. Model-based monitoring and diagnosis of a satellite-based instrument

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bos, Andre; Callies, Jorg; Lefebvre, Alain

    1995-01-01

    For about a decade model-based reasoning has been propounded by a number of researchers. Maybe one of the most convincing arguments in favor of this kind of reasoning has been given by Davis in his paper on diagnosis from first principles (Davis 1984). Following their guidelines we have developed a system to verify the behavior of a satellite-based instrument GOME (which will be measuring Ozone concentrations in the near future (1995)). We start by giving a description of model-based monitoring. Besides recognizing that something is wrong, we also like to find the cause for misbehaving automatically. Therefore, we show how the monitoring technique can be extended to model-based diagnosis.

  16. Model-based monitoring and diagnosis of a satellite-based instrument

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Bos, Andre; Callies, Jorg; Lefebvre, Alain

    1995-05-01

    For about a decade model-based reasoning has been propounded by a number of researchers. Maybe one of the most convincing arguments in favor of this kind of reasoning has been given by Davis in his paper on diagnosis from first principles (Davis 1984). Following their guidelines we have developed a system to verify the behavior of a satellite-based instrument GOME (which will be measuring Ozone concentrations in the near future (1995)). We start by giving a description of model-based monitoring. Besides recognizing that something is wrong, we also like to find the cause for misbehaving automatically. Therefore, we show how the monitoring technique can be extended to model-based diagnosis.

  17. Midline cystic malformations of the brain: imaging diagnosis and classification based on embryologic analysis.

    PubMed

    Utsunomiya, Hidetsuna; Yamashita, Shinichi; Takano, Koichi; Ueda, Yukiyo; Fujii, Akira

    2006-07-01

    This article describes a classification and imaging diagnosis of intracranial midline cystic malformations based on neuroembryologic analysis. Midline cystic malformations are classified into two categories from an embryologic point of view. In one category, the cyst represents expansion of the roof plate of the brain vesicle, and in the other the cyst consists of extraaxial structures such as an arachnoid membrane or migrating ependymal cells. Infratentorial cysts, such as the Dandy-Walker cyst or Blake's pouch cyst, and supratentorial cysts, such as a communicating interhemispheric cyst with callosal agenesis or a dorsal cyst with holoprosencephaly, are included in the first category. Infratentorial arachnoid cavities, such as the arachnoid cyst, arachnoid pouch, and mega cisterna magna, are in the second category. Noncommunicating interhemispheric cysts, such as interhemispheric arachnoid cyst or ependymal cyst, with callosal agenesis are also in the second category. A careful review of embryologic development is essential for understanding these midline cysts and for making a more accurate radiologic diagnosis.

  18. Aneurysm outflow angle at MRA as discriminant for accurate diagnosis and differentiation between small sidewall cerebral aneurysms and infundibula.

    PubMed

    Sun, Ling-Jun; Li, Yong-Dong; Li, Ming-Hua; Wang, Wu; Gu, Bin-Xian

    2017-06-01

    To evaluate whether the aneurysm outflow angle (OA) at MR angiography (MRA) might serve as discriminant for accurate diagnosis of, and differentiation between, small sidewall cerebral aneurysms (SCAs) and infundibula. Between June 2007 and July 2015, 426 consecutive patients with SCAs completed both an MRA and DSA examination. Of these, 156 patients with small SCAs and 52 patients with infundibula were included in this study. A patient with an OA ≥90° was defined as having a SCA, while those with OA <90° were defined as having an infundibulum. DSA identified 172 SCAs in 156 patients and 55 infundibula in 52 patients. The average OA on MRA was 102.96°±13.36° (range 60°-151°) in 172 SCAs of 156 patients. An OA of ≥90° was seen for 159 (92.4%) small SCAs in 147 patients, while an OA of <90° was observed for 13 SCAs. The average OA on MRA was 69.05°±14.26° (range 35-107°) in 55 infundibula of 52 patients. An OA of ≥90° was seen in one patient with one infundibulum; while an OA of <90° was observed for 54 infundibula (98.2%) in 51 patients. The average OA in SCAs (n=172) was greater than the average OA in infundibula (n=55; 102.96° vs 69.05°, p<0.001). The OA at MRA could serve as discriminant for accurate diagnosis of, and differentiation between, small SCAs and infundibula. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

  19. Robust BMPM training based on second-order cone programming and its application in medical diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Peng, Xiang; King, Irwin

    2008-01-01

    The Biased Minimax Probability Machine (BMPM) constructs a classifier which deals with the imbalanced learning tasks. It provides a worst-case bound on the probability of misclassification of future data points based on reliable estimates of means and covariance matrices of the classes from the training data samples, and achieves promising performance. In this paper, we develop a novel yet critical extension training algorithm for BMPM that is based on Second-Order Cone Programming (SOCP). Moreover, we apply the biased classification model to medical diagnosis problems to demonstrate its usefulness. By removing some crucial assumptions in the original solution to this model, we make the new method more accurate and robust. We outline the theoretical derivatives of the biased classification model, and reformulate it into an SOCP problem which could be efficiently solved with global optima guarantee. We evaluate our proposed SOCP-based BMPM (BMPMSOCP) scheme in comparison with traditional solutions on medical diagnosis tasks where the objectives are to focus on improving the sensitivity (the accuracy of the more important class, say "ill" samples) instead of the overall accuracy of the classification. Empirical results have shown that our method is more effective and robust to handle imbalanced classification problems than traditional classification approaches, and the original Fractional Programming-based BMPM (BMPMFP).

  20. Computer-aided diagnosis of early knee osteoarthritis based on MRI T2 mapping.

    PubMed

    Wu, Yixiao; Yang, Ran; Jia, Sen; Li, Zhanjun; Zhou, Zhiyang; Lou, Ting

    2014-01-01

    This work was aimed at studying the method of computer-aided diagnosis of early knee OA (OA: osteoarthritis). Based on the technique of MRI (MRI: Magnetic Resonance Imaging) T2 Mapping, through computer image processing, feature extraction, calculation and analysis via constructing a classifier, an effective computer-aided diagnosis method for knee OA was created to assist doctors in their accurate, timely and convenient detection of potential risk of OA. In order to evaluate this method, a total of 1380 data from the MRI images of 46 samples of knee joints were collected. These data were then modeled through linear regression on an offline general platform by the use of the ImageJ software, and a map of the physical parameter T2 was reconstructed. After the image processing, the T2 values of ten regions in the WORMS (WORMS: Whole-organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score) areas of the articular cartilage were extracted to be used as the eigenvalues in data mining. Then,a RBF (RBF: Radical Basis Function) network classifier was built to classify and identify the collected data. The classifier exhibited a final identification accuracy of 75%, indicating a good result of assisting diagnosis. Since the knee OA classifier constituted by a weights-directly-determined RBF neural network didn't require any iteration, our results demonstrated that the optimal weights, appropriate center and variance could be yielded through simple procedures. Furthermore, the accuracy for both the training samples and the testing samples from the normal group could reach 100%. Finally, the classifier was superior both in time efficiency and classification performance to the frequently used classifiers based on iterative learning. Thus it was suitable to be used as an aid to computer-aided diagnosis of early knee OA.

  1. Planetary Gears Feature Extraction and Fault Diagnosis Method Based on VMD and CNN.

    PubMed

    Liu, Chang; Cheng, Gang; Chen, Xihui; Pang, Yusong

    2018-05-11

    Given local weak feature information, a novel feature extraction and fault diagnosis method for planetary gears based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), singular value decomposition (SVD), and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. VMD was used to decompose the original vibration signal to mode components. The mode matrix was partitioned into a number of submatrices and local feature information contained in each submatrix was extracted as a singular value vector using SVD. The singular value vector matrix corresponding to the current fault state was constructed according to the location of each submatrix. Finally, by training a CNN using singular value vector matrices as inputs, planetary gear fault state identification and classification was achieved. The experimental results confirm that the proposed method can successfully extract local weak feature information and accurately identify different faults. The singular value vector matrices of different fault states have a distinct difference in element size and waveform. The VMD-based partition extraction method is better than ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), resulting in a higher CNN total recognition rate of 100% with fewer training times (14 times). Further analysis demonstrated that the method can also be applied to the degradation recognition of planetary gears. Thus, the proposed method is an effective feature extraction and fault diagnosis technique for planetary gears.

  2. Fault diagnosis for diesel valve trains based on time frequency images

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Chengdong; Zhang, Youyun; Zhong, Zhenyuan

    2008-11-01

    In this paper, the Wigner-Ville distributions (WVD) of vibration acceleration signals which were acquired from the cylinder head in eight different states of valve train were calculated and displayed in grey images; and the probabilistic neural networks (PNN) were directly used to classify the time-frequency images after the images were normalized. By this way, the fault diagnosis of valve train was transferred to the classification of time-frequency images. As there is no need to extract further fault features (such as eigenvalues or symptom parameters) from time-frequency distributions before classification, the fault diagnosis process is highly simplified. The experimental results show that the faults of diesel valve trains can be classified accurately by the proposed methods.

  3. [Computer aided diagnosis model for lung tumor based on ensemble convolutional neural network].

    PubMed

    Wang, Yuanyuan; Zhou, Tao; Lu, Huiling; Wu, Cuiying; Yang, Pengfei

    2017-08-01

    The convolutional neural network (CNN) could be used on computer-aided diagnosis of lung tumor with positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT), which can provide accurate quantitative analysis to compensate for visual inertia and defects in gray-scale sensitivity, and help doctors diagnose accurately. Firstly, parameter migration method is used to build three CNNs (CT-CNN, PET-CNN, and PET/CT-CNN) for lung tumor recognition in CT, PET, and PET/CT image, respectively. Then, we aimed at CT-CNN to obtain the appropriate model parameters for CNN training through analysis the influence of model parameters such as epochs, batchsize and image scale on recognition rate and training time. Finally, three single CNNs are used to construct ensemble CNN, and then lung tumor PET/CT recognition was completed through relative majority vote method and the performance between ensemble CNN and single CNN was compared. The experiment results show that the ensemble CNN is better than single CNN on computer-aided diagnosis of lung tumor.

  4. Image standards in tissue-based diagnosis (diagnostic surgical pathology).

    PubMed

    Kayser, Klaus; Görtler, Jürgen; Goldmann, Torsten; Vollmer, Ekkehard; Hufnagl, Peter; Kayser, Gian

    2008-04-18

    Progress in automated image analysis, virtual microscopy, hospital information systems, and interdisciplinary data exchange require image standards to be applied in tissue-based diagnosis. To describe the theoretical background, practical experiences and comparable solutions in other medical fields to promote image standards applicable for diagnostic pathology. THEORY AND EXPERIENCES: Images used in tissue-based diagnosis present with pathology-specific characteristics. It seems appropriate to discuss their characteristics and potential standardization in relation to the levels of hierarchy in which they appear. All levels can be divided into legal, medical, and technological properties. Standards applied to the first level include regulations or aims to be fulfilled. In legal properties, they have to regulate features of privacy, image documentation, transmission, and presentation; in medical properties, features of disease-image combination, human-diagnostics, automated information extraction, archive retrieval and access; and in technological properties features of image acquisition, display, formats, transfer speed, safety, and system dynamics. The next lower second level has to implement the prescriptions of the upper one, i.e. describe how they are implemented. Legal aspects should demand secure encryption for privacy of all patient related data, image archives that include all images used for diagnostics for a period of 10 years at minimum, accurate annotations of dates and viewing, and precise hardware and software information. Medical aspects should demand standardized patients' files such as DICOM 3 or HL 7 including history and previous examinations, information of image display hardware and software, of image resolution and fields of view, of relation between sizes of biological objects and image sizes, and of access to archives and retrieval. Technological aspects should deal with image acquisition systems (resolution, colour temperature, focus

  5. Diagnosis of Dengue Infection Using Conventional and Biosensor Based Techniques

    PubMed Central

    Parkash, Om; Hanim Shueb, Rafidah

    2015-01-01

    Dengue is an arthropod-borne viral disease caused by four antigenically different serotypes of dengue virus. This disease is considered as a major public health concern around the world. Currently, there is no licensed vaccine or antiviral drug available for the prevention and treatment of dengue disease. Moreover, clinical features of dengue are indistinguishable from other infectious diseases such as malaria, chikungunya, rickettsia and leptospira. Therefore, prompt and accurate laboratory diagnostic test is urgently required for disease confirmation and patient triage. The traditional diagnostic techniques for the dengue virus are viral detection in cell culture, serological testing, and RNA amplification using reverse transcriptase PCR. This paper discusses the conventional laboratory methods used for the diagnosis of dengue during the acute and convalescent phase and highlights the advantages and limitations of these routine laboratory tests. Subsequently, the biosensor based assays developed using various transducers for the detection of dengue are also reviewed. PMID:26492265

  6. [RDBH-method and big DyeTM terminator technology in accurate diagnosis of β-thalassemia and the allelic polymorphism of β-globin cluster].

    PubMed

    Akperova, G A

    2014-11-01

    IThe purpose of this study was to evaluate of the efficiency of RDBH-method and Big DyeTM Terminator technology in an accurate diagnosis of β-thalassemia and the allelic polymorphism of β-globin cluster. It was done a complete hematology analysis (HB, MCH, MCV, MCHC, RBC, Hct, HbA2, HbF, Serum iron, Serum ferritin at four children (males, 6-10 years old) and their parents. Molecular analysis included Reverse Dot-Blot Hybridization StripAssay (RDBH) and DNA sequencing on ABI PRISM Big DyeTM Terminator. Hematologic and molecular parameters were contradictory. The homozygosity for β0-thalassemia (β0IVS2.1[G>A] and β0codon 8[-AA]) at three boys with the mild clinical manifestation and heterozygosity of their parents for mutations, and the absence of β-globin mutations at parents and a boy who holds monthly transfusion was established by RDBH-analysis. DNA sequencing by technology Big DyeTM Terminator showed polymorphism at positions -551 and -521 of Cap5'-region (-650-250) - (AT)7(T)7 and (AT)8(T)5. Application of the integrated clinical-molecular approach is an ideal method for an accurate diagnosis, identification of asymptomatic carriers and a reduce of the risk of complications from β-thalassemia, moreover screening of γG-gene and the level of fetal hemoglobin in early childhood will help manage of β-thalassemia clinic and prevent heavy consequences of the disease.

  7. Incorporation of Mobile Application (App) Measures Into the Diagnosis of Smartphone Addiction.

    PubMed

    Lin, Yu-Hsuan; Lin, Po-Hsien; Chiang, Chih-Lin; Lee, Yang-Han; Yang, Cheryl C H; Kuo, Terry B J; Lin, Sheng-Hsuan

    2017-07-01

    Global smartphone expansion has brought about unprecedented addictive behaviors. The current diagnosis of smartphone addiction is based solely on information from clinical interview. This study aimed to incorporate application (app)-recorded data into psychiatric criteria for the diagnosis of smartphone addiction and to examine the predictive ability of the app-recorded data for the diagnosis of smartphone addiction. Smartphone use data of 79 college students were recorded by a newly developed app for 1 month between December 1, 2013, and May 31, 2014. For each participant, psychiatrists made a diagnosis for smartphone addiction based on 2 approaches: (1) only diagnostic interview (standard diagnosis) and (2) both diagnostic interview and app-recorded data (app-incorporated diagnosis). The app-incorporated diagnosis was further used to build app-incorporated diagnostic criteria. In addition, the app-recorded data were pooled as a score to predict smartphone addiction diagnosis. When app-incorporated diagnosis was used as a gold standard for 12 candidate criteria, 7 criteria showed significant accuracy (area under receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] > 0.7) and were constructed as app-incorporated diagnostic criteria, which demonstrated remarkable accuracy (92.4%) for app-incorporated diagnosis. In addition, both frequency and duration of daily smartphone use significantly predicted app-incorporated diagnosis (AUC = 0.70 for frequency; AUC = 0.72 for duration). The combination of duration, frequency, and frequency trend for 1 month can accurately predict smartphone addiction diagnosis (AUC = 0.79 for app-incorporated diagnosis; AUC = 0.71 for standard diagnosis). The app-incorporated diagnosis, combining both psychiatric interview and app-recorded data, demonstrated substantial accuracy for smartphone addiction diagnosis. In addition, the app-recorded data performed as an accurate screening tool for app-incorporated diagnosis. © Copyright 2017 Physicians

  8. Using In-Service and Coaching to Increase Teachers' Accurate Use of Research-Based Strategies

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Kretlow, Allison G.; Cooke, Nancy L.; Wood, Charles L.

    2012-01-01

    Increasing the accurate use of research-based practices in classrooms is a critical issue. Professional development is one of the most practical ways to provide practicing teachers with training related to research-based practices. This study examined the effects of in-service plus follow-up coaching on first grade teachers' accurate delivery of…

  9. Enormous knowledge base of disease diagnosis criteria.

    PubMed

    Xiao, Z H; Xiao, Y H; Pei, J H

    1995-01-01

    One of the problems in the development of the medical knowledge systems is the limitations of the system's knowledge. It is a common expectation to increase the number of diseases contained in a system. Using a high density knowledge representation method designed by us, we have developed the Enormous Knowledge Base of Disease Diagnosis Criteria (EKBDDC). It contains diagnostic criteria of 1,001 diagnostic entities and describes nearly 4,000 items of diagnostic indicators. It is the core of a huge medical project--the Electronic-Brain Medical Erudite (EBME). This enormous knowledge base was implemented initially on a low-cost popular microcomputer, which can aid in the prompting of typical disease and in teaching of diagnosis. The knowledge base is easy to expand. One of the main goals of EKBDDC is to increase the number of diseases included in it as far as possible using a low-cost computer with a comparatively small storage capacity. For this, we have designed a high density knowledge representation method. Criteria of various diagnostic entities are respectively stored in different records of the knowledge base. Each diagnostic entity corresponds to a diagnostic criterion data set; each data set consists of some diagnostic criterion data values (Table 1); each data is composed of two parts: integer and decimal; the integral part is the coding number of the given diagnostic information, and the decimal part is the diagnostic value of this information to the disease indicated by corresponding record number. For example, 75.02: the integer 75 is the coding number of "hemorrhagic skin rash"; the decimal 0.02 is the diagnostic value of this manifestation for diagnosing allergic purpura. TABULAR DATA, SEE PUBLISHED ABSTRACT. The algebraic sum method, a special form of the weighted summation, is adopted as mathematical model. In EKBDDC, the diagnostic values, which represent the significance of the disease manifestations for diagnosing corresponding diseases, were

  10. Comparison of CT and MRI in diagnosis of cerebrospinal leak induced by multiple fractures of skull base

    PubMed Central

    Wang, Xuhui; Xu, Minhui; Liang, Hong; Xu, Lunshan

    2011-01-01

    Background Multiple basilar skull fracture and cerebrospinal leak are common complications of traumatic brain injury, which required a surgical repair. But due to the complexity of basilar skull fracture after severe trauma, preoperatively an exact radiological location is always difficult. Multi-row spiral CT and MRI are currently widely applied in the clinical diagnosis. The present study was performed to compare the accuracy of cisternography by multi-row spiral CT and MRI in the diagnosis of cerebrospinal leak. Methods A total of 23 patients with multiple basilar skull fracture after traumatic brain injury were included. The radiological and surgical data were retrospectively analyzed. 64-row CT (mm/row) scan and three-dimensional reconstruction were performed in 12 patients, while MR plain scan and cisternography were performed in another 11 patients. The location of cerebrospinal leak was diagnosed by 2 experienced physicians majoring neurological radiology. Surgery was performed in all patients. The cerebrospinal leak location was confirmed and repaired during surgery. The result was considered as accurate when cerebrospinal leak was absent after surgery. Results According to the surgical exploration, the preoperative diagnosis of the active cerebrospinal leak location was accurate in 9 out of 12 patients with CT scan. The location could not be confirmed by CT because of multiple fractures in 2 patients and the missed diagnosis occurred in 1 patient. The preoperative diagnosis was accurate in 10 out of 11 patients with MRI examination. Conclusions MRI cisternography is more advanced than multi-row CT scan in multiple basilar skull fracture. The combination of the two examinations may increase the diagnostic ratio of active cerebrospinal leak. PMID:22933941

  11. Proposal of diagnostic process model for computer based diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Matsumura, Yasushi; Takeda, Toshihiro; Manabe, Shiro; Saito, Hirokazu; Teramoto, Kei; Kuwata, Shigeki; Mihara, Naoki

    2012-01-01

    We aim at making a diagnosis support system that can be put to practical use. We proposed a diagnostic process model based on simple knowledge which can be gleaned from textbooks. We defined clinical finding (CF) as a general concept for patient's symptom or findings etc., whose value is expressed by Boolean. We call the combination of several CFs a "CF pattern", and a set of CF patterns with concomitant diseases "case base". We consider diagnosis as a process of searching an instance from the case base whose CF pattern is concomitant with that of a patient. The diseases which have the same CF pattern are candidates for diagnosis. Then we select a CF which is present in part of the candidates and check whether it is present or absent in the patient in order to narrow down the candidates. Because the case base does not exist in reality, the probability of CF pattern is calculated by the product of CF occurrence rate assuming that occurrence of CF is independent. Therefore the knowledge required for diagnosis is frequency of disease under sex and age group and CF-disease relation (CF and its occurrence rate in the disease). By processing these two types of knowledge, diagnosis can be made.

  12. Does ultrasonography accurately diagnose acute cholecystitis? Improving diagnostic accuracy based on a review at a regional hospital

    PubMed Central

    Hwang, Hamish; Marsh, Ian; Doyle, Jason

    2014-01-01

    Background Acute cholecystitis is one of the most common diseases requiring emergency surgery. Ultrasonography is an accurate test for cholelithiasis but has a high false-negative rate for acute cholecystitis. The Murphy sign and laboratory tests performed independently are also not particularly accurate. This study was designed to review the accuracy of ultrasonography for diagnosing acute cholecystitis in a regional hospital. Methods We studied all emergency cholecystectomies performed over a 1-year period. All imaging studies were reviewed by a single radiologist, and all pathology was reviewed by a single pathologist. The reviewers were blinded to each other’s results. Results A total of 107 patients required an emergency cholecystectomy in the study period; 83 of them underwent ultrasonography. Interradiologist agreement was 92% for ultrasonography. For cholelithiasis, ultrasonography had 100% sensitivity, 18% specificity, 81% positive predictive value (PPV) and 100% negative predictive value (NPV). For acute cholecystitis, it had 54% sensitivity, 81% specificity, 85% PPV and 47% NPV. All patients had chronic cholecystitis and 67% had acute cholecystitis on histology. When combined with positive Murphy sign and elevated neutrophil count, an ultrasound showing cholelithiasis or acute cholecystitis yielded a sensitivity of 74%, specificity of 62%, PPV of 80% and NPV of 53% for the diagnosis of acute cholecystitis. Conclusion Ultrasonography alone has a high rate of false-negative studies for acute cholecystitis. However, a higher rate of accurate diagnosis can be achieved using a triad of positive Murphy sign, elevated neutrophil count and an ultrasound showing cholelithiasis or cholecystitis. PMID:24869607

  13. Imaging and machine learning techniques for diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

    PubMed

    Mirzaei, Golrokh; Adeli, Anahita; Adeli, Hojjat

    2016-12-01

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common health problem in elderly people. There has been considerable research toward the diagnosis and early detection of this disease in the past decade. The sensitivity of biomarkers and the accuracy of the detection techniques have been defined to be the key to an accurate diagnosis. This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of the research performed on the diagnosis of AD based on imaging and machine learning techniques. Different segmentation and machine learning techniques used for the diagnosis of AD are reviewed including thresholding, supervised and unsupervised learning, probabilistic techniques, Atlas-based approaches, and fusion of different image modalities. More recent and powerful classification techniques such as the enhanced probabilistic neural network of Ahmadlou and Adeli should be investigated with the goal of improving the diagnosis accuracy. A combination of different image modalities can help improve the diagnosis accuracy rate. Research is needed on the combination of modalities to discover multi-modal biomarkers.

  14. Knowledge-based nursing diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Roy, Claudette; Hay, D. Robert

    1991-03-01

    Nursing diagnosis is an integral part of the nursing process and determines the interventions leading to outcomes for which the nurse is accountable. Diagnoses under the time constraints of modern nursing can benefit from a computer assist. A knowledge-based engineering approach was developed to address these problems. A number of problems were addressed during system design to make the system practical extended beyond capture of knowledge. The issues involved in implementing a professional knowledge base in a clinical setting are discussed. System functions, structure, interfaces, health care environment, and terminology and taxonomy are discussed. An integrated system concept from assessment through intervention and evaluation is outlined.

  15. A new CFD based non-invasive method for functional diagnosis of coronary stenosis.

    PubMed

    Xie, Xinzhou; Zheng, Minwen; Wen, Didi; Li, Yabing; Xie, Songyun

    2018-03-22

    Accurate functional diagnosis of coronary stenosis is vital for decision making in coronary revascularization. With recent advances in computational fluid dynamics (CFD), fractional flow reserve (FFR) can be derived non-invasively from coronary computed tomography angiography images (FFR CT ) for functional measurement of stenosis. However, the accuracy of FFR CT is limited due to the approximate modeling approach of maximal hyperemia conditions. To overcome this problem, a new CFD based non-invasive method is proposed. Instead of modeling maximal hyperemia condition, a series of boundary conditions are specified and those simulated results are combined to provide a pressure-flow curve for a stenosis. Then, functional diagnosis of stenosis is assessed based on parameters derived from the obtained pressure-flow curve. The proposed method is applied to both idealized and patient-specific models, and validated with invasive FFR in six patients. Results show that additional hemodynamic information about the flow resistances of a stenosis is provided, which cannot be directly obtained from anatomy information. Parameters derived from the simulated pressure-flow curve show a linear and significant correlations with invasive FFR (r > 0.95, P < 0.05). The proposed method can assess flow resistances by the pressure-flow curve derived parameters without modeling of maximal hyperemia condition, which is a new promising approach for non-invasive functional assessment of coronary stenosis.

  16. Planetary Gears Feature Extraction and Fault Diagnosis Method Based on VMD and CNN

    PubMed Central

    Cheng, Gang; Chen, Xihui

    2018-01-01

    Given local weak feature information, a novel feature extraction and fault diagnosis method for planetary gears based on variational mode decomposition (VMD), singular value decomposition (SVD), and convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed. VMD was used to decompose the original vibration signal to mode components. The mode matrix was partitioned into a number of submatrices and local feature information contained in each submatrix was extracted as a singular value vector using SVD. The singular value vector matrix corresponding to the current fault state was constructed according to the location of each submatrix. Finally, by training a CNN using singular value vector matrices as inputs, planetary gear fault state identification and classification was achieved. The experimental results confirm that the proposed method can successfully extract local weak feature information and accurately identify different faults. The singular value vector matrices of different fault states have a distinct difference in element size and waveform. The VMD-based partition extraction method is better than ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), resulting in a higher CNN total recognition rate of 100% with fewer training times (14 times). Further analysis demonstrated that the method can also be applied to the degradation recognition of planetary gears. Thus, the proposed method is an effective feature extraction and fault diagnosis technique for planetary gears. PMID:29751671

  17. Diagnosis of adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome.

    PubMed

    Hardy, Tristan S E; Norman, Robert J

    2013-08-01

    Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy affecting women of reproductive age and is increasingly recognized as a disorder manifesting in the peripubertal and adolescent period. Diagnosis in the adolescent is difficult due to the high background rate of menstrual irregularity, the high prevalence of polycystic ovarian morphology and hyperandrogenic features in this population. Recent guidelines suggest that menstrual irregularity for over two years, reduced reliance on ultrasound diagnosis of polycystic ovarian morphology, and accurate assessment of hyperandrogenic and metabolic features are suitable strategies for the diagnosis of PCOS in the adolescent. Accurate diagnosis is important given the long-term implications of the disorder, with increasing emphasis on metabolic sequelae. Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  18. Light Field Imaging Based Accurate Image Specular Highlight Removal

    PubMed Central

    Wang, Haoqian; Xu, Chenxue; Wang, Xingzheng; Zhang, Yongbing; Peng, Bo

    2016-01-01

    Specular reflection removal is indispensable to many computer vision tasks. However, most existing methods fail or degrade in complex real scenarios for their individual drawbacks. Benefiting from the light field imaging technology, this paper proposes a novel and accurate approach to remove specularity and improve image quality. We first capture images with specularity by the light field camera (Lytro ILLUM). After accurately estimating the image depth, a simple and concise threshold strategy is adopted to cluster the specular pixels into “unsaturated” and “saturated” category. Finally, a color variance analysis of multiple views and a local color refinement are individually conducted on the two categories to recover diffuse color information. Experimental evaluation by comparison with existed methods based on our light field dataset together with Stanford light field archive verifies the effectiveness of our proposed algorithm. PMID:27253083

  19. Decision tree and PCA-based fault diagnosis of rotating machinery

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Sun, Weixiang; Chen, Jin; Li, Jiaqing

    2007-04-01

    After analysing the flaws of conventional fault diagnosis methods, data mining technology is introduced to fault diagnosis field, and a new method based on C4.5 decision tree and principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed. In this method, PCA is used to reduce features after data collection, preprocessing and feature extraction. Then, C4.5 is trained by using the samples to generate a decision tree model with diagnosis knowledge. At last the tree model is used to make diagnosis analysis. To validate the method proposed, six kinds of running states (normal or without any defect, unbalance, rotor radial rub, oil whirl, shaft crack and a simultaneous state of unbalance and radial rub), are simulated on Bently Rotor Kit RK4 to test C4.5 and PCA-based method and back-propagation neural network (BPNN). The result shows that C4.5 and PCA-based diagnosis method has higher accuracy and needs less training time than BPNN.

  20. Chondromalacia patellae: diagnosis with MR imaging.

    PubMed

    McCauley, T R; Kier, R; Lynch, K J; Jokl, P

    1992-01-01

    Most previous studies of MR imaging for detection of chondromalacia have used T1-weighted images. We correlated findings on axial MR images of the knee with arthroscopic findings to determine MR findings of chondromalacia patellae on T2-weighted and proton density-weighted images. The study population included 52 patients who had MR examination of the knee with a 1.5-T unit and subsequent arthroscopy, which documented chondromalacia patellae in 29 patients and normal cartilage in 23. The patellar cartilage was assessed retrospectively for MR signal and contour characteristics. MR diagnosis based on the criteria of focal signal or focal contour abnormality on either the T2-weighted or proton density-weighted images yielded the highest correlation with the arthroscopic diagnosis of chondromalacia. When these criteria were used, patients with chondromalacia were detected with 86% sensitivity, 74% specificity, and 81% accuracy. MR diagnosis based on T2-weighted images alone was more sensitive and accurate than was diagnosis based on proton density-weighted images alone. In conclusion, most patients with chondromalacia patellae have focal signal or focal contour defects in the patellar cartilage on T2-weighted MR images. These findings are absent in most patients with arthroscopically normal cartilage.

  1. DNA Nanotechnology for Cancer Diagnosis and Therapy.

    PubMed

    Chen, Tianshu; Ren, Lingjie; Liu, Xiaohao; Zhou, Mengru; Li, Lingling; Xu, Jingjing; Zhu, Xiaoli

    2018-06-05

    Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide, because of the lack of accurate diagnostic tools for the early stages of cancer. Thus, early diagnosis, which provides important information for a timely therapy of cancer, is of great significance for controlling the development of the disease and the proliferation of cancer cells and for improving the survival rates of patients. To achieve the goals of early diagnosis and timely therapy of cancer, DNA nanotechnology may be effective, since it has emerged as a valid technique for the fabrication of various nanoscale structures and devices. The resultant DNA-based nanoscale structures and devices show extraordinary performance in cancer diagnosis, owing to their predictable secondary structures, small sizes, and high biocompatibility and programmability. In particular, the rapid development of DNA nanotechnologies, such as molecular assembly technologies, endows DNA-based nanomaterials with more functionalization and intellectualization. Here, we summarize recent progress made in the development of DNA nanotechnology for the fabrication of functional and intelligent nanomaterials and highlight the prospects of this technology in cancer diagnosis and therapy.

  2. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis and typing of Toxoplasma gondii.

    PubMed

    Liu, Quan; Wang, Ze-Dong; Huang, Si-Yang; Zhu, Xing-Quan

    2015-05-28

    Toxoplasmosis, caused by the obligate intracellular protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, is an important zoonosis with medical and veterinary importance worldwide. The disease is mainly contracted by ingesting undercooked or raw meat containing viable tissue cysts, or by ingesting food or water contaminated with oocysts. The diagnosis and genetic characterization of T. gondii infection is crucial for the surveillance, prevention and control of toxoplasmosis. Traditional approaches for the diagnosis of toxoplasmosis include etiological, immunological and imaging techniques. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis has been improved by the emergence of molecular technologies to amplify parasite nucleic acids. Among these, polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based molecular techniques have been useful for the genetic characterization of T. gondii. Serotyping methods based on polymorphic polypeptides have the potential to become the choice for typing T. gondii in humans and animals. In this review, we summarize conventional non-DNA-based diagnostic methods, and the DNA-based molecular techniques for the diagnosis and genetic characterization of T. gondii. These techniques have provided foundations for further development of more effective and accurate detection of T. gondii infection. These advances will contribute to an improved understanding of the epidemiology, prevention and control of toxoplasmosis.

  3. Rolling bearing fault detection and diagnosis based on composite multiscale fuzzy entropy and ensemble support vector machines

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zheng, Jinde; Pan, Haiyang; Cheng, Junsheng

    2017-02-01

    To timely detect the incipient failure of rolling bearing and find out the accurate fault location, a novel rolling bearing fault diagnosis method is proposed based on the composite multiscale fuzzy entropy (CMFE) and ensemble support vector machines (ESVMs). Fuzzy entropy (FuzzyEn), as an improvement of sample entropy (SampEn), is a new nonlinear method for measuring the complexity of time series. Since FuzzyEn (or SampEn) in single scale can not reflect the complexity effectively, multiscale fuzzy entropy (MFE) is developed by defining the FuzzyEns of coarse-grained time series, which represents the system dynamics in different scales. However, the MFE values will be affected by the data length, especially when the data are not long enough. By combining information of multiple coarse-grained time series in the same scale, the CMFE algorithm is proposed in this paper to enhance MFE, as well as FuzzyEn. Compared with MFE, with the increasing of scale factor, CMFE obtains much more stable and consistent values for a short-term time series. In this paper CMFE is employed to measure the complexity of vibration signals of rolling bearings and is applied to extract the nonlinear features hidden in the vibration signals. Also the physically meanings of CMFE being suitable for rolling bearing fault diagnosis are explored. Based on these, to fulfill an automatic fault diagnosis, the ensemble SVMs based multi-classifier is constructed for the intelligent classification of fault features. Finally, the proposed fault diagnosis method of rolling bearing is applied to experimental data analysis and the results indicate that the proposed method could effectively distinguish different fault categories and severities of rolling bearings.

  4. An Event-Based Approach to Distributed Diagnosis of Continuous Systems

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Daigle, Matthew; Roychoudhurry, Indranil; Biswas, Gautam; Koutsoukos, Xenofon

    2010-01-01

    Distributed fault diagnosis solutions are becoming necessary due to the complexity of modern engineering systems, and the advent of smart sensors and computing elements. This paper presents a novel event-based approach for distributed diagnosis of abrupt parametric faults in continuous systems, based on a qualitative abstraction of measurement deviations from the nominal behavior. We systematically derive dynamic fault signatures expressed as event-based fault models. We develop a distributed diagnoser design algorithm that uses these models for designing local event-based diagnosers based on global diagnosability analysis. The local diagnosers each generate globally correct diagnosis results locally, without a centralized coordinator, and by communicating a minimal number of measurements between themselves. The proposed approach is applied to a multi-tank system, and results demonstrate a marked improvement in scalability compared to a centralized approach.

  5. Computer-based diagnosis of illness in historical persons.

    PubMed

    Peters, T J

    2013-01-01

    Retrospective diagnosis of illness in historical figures is a popular but somewhat unreliable pastime due to the lack of detailed information and reliable reports about clinical features and disease progression. Modern computer-based diagnostic programmes have been used to supplement historical documents and accounts, offering new and more objective approaches to the retrospective investigations of the medical conditions of historical persons. In the case of King George III, modern technology has been used to strengthen the findings of previous reports rejecting the popular diagnosis of variegate porphyria in the King, his grandson Augustus d'Esté and his antecedent King James VI and I. Alternative diagnoses based on these programmes are indicated. The Operational Criteria in Studies of Psychotic Illness (OPCRIT) programme and the Young mania scale have been applied to the features described for George III and suggest a diagnosis of bipolar disorder. The neuro-diagnostic programme SimulConsult was applied to Augustus d'Esté and suggests a diagnosis of neuromyelitis optica rather than acute porphyria with secondarily multiple sclerosis, as proposed by others. James VI and I's complex medical history and the clinical features of his behavioural traits were also subjected to SimulConsult analysis; acute porphyria was rejected and the unexpected diagnosis of attenuated (mild) Lesch-Nyhan disease offered. A brief review of these approaches along with full reference listings to the methodology including validation are provided. Textual analysis of the written and verbal outputs of historical figures indicate possible future developments in the diagnosis of medical disorders in historical figures.

  6. DERMA: A Melanoma Diagnosis Platform Based on Collaborative Multilabel Analog Reasoning

    PubMed Central

    Golobardes, Elisabet; Corral, Guiomar; Puig, Susana; Malvehy, Josep

    2014-01-01

    The number of melanoma cancer-related death has increased over the last few years due to the new solar habits. Early diagnosis has become the best prevention method. This work presents a melanoma diagnosis architecture based on the collaboration of several multilabel case-based reasoning subsystems called DERMA. The system has to face up several challenges that include data characterization, pattern matching, reliable diagnosis, and self-explanation capabilities. Experiments using subsystems specialized in confocal and dermoscopy images have provided promising results for helping experts to assess melanoma diagnosis. PMID:24578629

  7. Support vector machines-based fault diagnosis for turbo-pump rotor

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yuan, Sheng-Fa; Chu, Fu-Lei

    2006-05-01

    Most artificial intelligence methods used in fault diagnosis are based on empirical risk minimisation principle and have poor generalisation when fault samples are few. Support vector machines (SVM) is a new general machine-learning tool based on structural risk minimisation principle that exhibits good generalisation even when fault samples are few. Fault diagnosis based on SVM is discussed. Since basic SVM is originally designed for two-class classification, while most of fault diagnosis problems are multi-class cases, a new multi-class classification of SVM named 'one to others' algorithm is presented to solve the multi-class recognition problems. It is a binary tree classifier composed of several two-class classifiers organised by fault priority, which is simple, and has little repeated training amount, and the rate of training and recognition is expedited. The effectiveness of the method is verified by the application to the fault diagnosis for turbo pump rotor.

  8. Clinical application of antenatal genetic diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta type IV.

    PubMed

    Yuan, Jing; Li, Song; Xu, YeYe; Cong, Lin

    2015-04-02

    Clinical analysis and genetic testing of a family with osteogenesis imperfecta type IV were conducted, aiming to discuss antenatal genetic diagnosis of osteogenesis imperfecta type IV. Preliminary genotyping was performed based on clinical characteristics of the family members and then high-throughput sequencing was applied to rapidly and accurately detect the changes in candidate genes. Genetic testing of the III5 fetus and other family members revealed missense mutation in c.2746G>A, pGly916Arg in COL1A2 gene coding region and missense and synonymous mutation in COL1A1 gene coding region. Application of antenatal genetic diagnosis provides fast and accurate genetic counseling and eugenics suggestions for patients with osteogenesis imperfecta type IV and their families.

  9. Treating knee pain: history taking and accurate diagnoses.

    PubMed

    Barratt, Julian

    2010-07-01

    Prompt and effective diagnosis and treatment for common knee problems depend on practitioners' ability to distinguish between traumatic and inflammatory knee conditions. This article aims to enable practitioners to make accurate assessments, carry out knee examinations and undertake selected special tests as necessary before discharging or referring patients.

  10. Differential diagnosis of Bartter syndrome, Gitelman syndrome, and pseudo-Bartter/Gitelman syndrome based on clinical characteristics.

    PubMed

    Matsunoshita, Natsuki; Nozu, Kandai; Shono, Akemi; Nozu, Yoshimi; Fu, Xue Jun; Morisada, Naoya; Kamiyoshi, Naohiro; Ohtsubo, Hiromi; Ninchoji, Takeshi; Minamikawa, Shogo; Yamamura, Tomohiko; Nakanishi, Koichi; Yoshikawa, Norishige; Shima, Yuko; Kaito, Hiroshi; Iijima, Kazumoto

    2016-02-01

    Phenotypic overlap exists among type III Bartter syndrome (BS), Gitelman syndrome (GS), and pseudo-BS/GS (p-BS/GS), which are clinically difficult to distinguish. We aimed to clarify the differences between these diseases, allowing accurate diagnosis based on their clinical features. A total of 163 patients with genetically defined type III BS (n = 30), GS (n = 90), and p-BS/GS (n = 43) were included. Age at diagnosis, sex, body mass index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and serum and urine electrolyte concentrations were determined. Patients with p-BS/GS were significantly older at diagnosis than those with type III BS and GS. Patients with p-BS/GS included a significantly higher percentage of women and had a lower body mass index and estimated glomerular filtration rate than did patients with GS. Although hypomagnesemia and hypocalciuria were predominant biochemical findings in patients with GS, 17 and 23% of patients with type III BS and p-BS/GS, respectively, also showed these abnormalities. Of patients with type III BS, GS, and p-BS/GS, 40, 12, and 63%, respectively, presented with chronic kidney disease. This study clarified the clinical differences between BS, GS, and p-BS/GS for the first time, which will help clinicians establish differential diagnoses for these three conditions.

  11. Motor Fault Diagnosis Based on Short-time Fourier Transform and Convolutional Neural Network

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Li-Hua; Zhao, Xiao-Ping; Wu, Jia-Xin; Xie, Yang-Yang; Zhang, Yong-Hong

    2017-11-01

    With the rapid development of mechanical equipment, the mechanical health monitoring field has entered the era of big data. However, the method of manual feature extraction has the disadvantages of low efficiency and poor accuracy, when handling big data. In this study, the research object was the asynchronous motor in the drivetrain diagnostics simulator system. The vibration signals of different fault motors were collected. The raw signal was pretreated using short time Fourier transform (STFT) to obtain the corresponding time-frequency map. Then, the feature of the time-frequency map was adaptively extracted by using a convolutional neural network (CNN). The effects of the pretreatment method, and the hyper parameters of network diagnostic accuracy, were investigated experimentally. The experimental results showed that the influence of the preprocessing method is small, and that the batch-size is the main factor affecting accuracy and training efficiency. By investigating feature visualization, it was shown that, in the case of big data, the extracted CNN features can represent complex mapping relationships between signal and health status, and can also overcome the prior knowledge and engineering experience requirement for feature extraction, which is used by traditional diagnosis methods. This paper proposes a new method, based on STFT and CNN, which can complete motor fault diagnosis tasks more intelligently and accurately.

  12. Harmonic wavelet packet transform for on-line system health diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yan, Ruqiang; Gao, Robert X.

    2004-07-01

    This paper presents a new approach to on-line health diagnosis of mechanical systems, based on the wavelet packet transform. Specifically, signals acquired from vibration sensors are decomposed into sub-bands by means of the discrete harmonic wavelet packet transform (DHWPT). Based on the Fisher linear discriminant criterion, features in the selected sub-bands are then used as inputs to three classifiers (Nearest Neighbor rule-based and two Neural Network-based), for system health condition assessment. Experimental results have confirmed that, comparing to the conventional approach where statistical parameters from raw signals are used, the presented approach enabled higher signal-to-noise ratio for more effective and intelligent use of the sensory information, thus leading to more accurate system health diagnosis.

  13. Reliability of visual diagnosis of endometriosis.

    PubMed

    Fernando, Shavi; Soh, Pei Qian; Cooper, Michael; Evans, Susan; Reid, Geoffrey; Tsaltas, Jim; Rombauts, Luk

    2013-01-01

    To determine whether accuracy of visual diagnosis of endometriosis at laparoscopy is determined by stage of disease. Prospective longitudinal cohort study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). Tertiary referral centers in three Australian states. Of 1439 biopsy specimens, endometriosis was proved in at least one specimen in 431 patients. Laparoscopy with visual diagnosis and staging of endometriosis followed by histopathologic analysis and confirmation. Operations were performed by five experienced laparoscopic gynecologists. Histopathologic confirmation of visual diagnosis of endometriosis adjusted for significant covariates. Endometriosis was accurately diagnosed in 49.7% of American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) stage I, which was significantly less accurate than for other stages of endometriosis. Deep endometriosis was more likely to be diagnosed accurately than superficial endometriosis (adjusted odds ratio, 2.51; 95% confidence interval, 1.50-4.18; p < .01). Lesion volume was also predictive, with larger lesions diagnosed more accurately than smaller lesions. In general, lesion site did not greatly influence accuracy except for superficial ovarian lesions, which were more likely to be incorrectly diagnosed visually as endometriosis (adjusted odds ratio, 0.16; 95% confidence interval, 0.06-0.41; p < .01). There was no statistically significant difference in accuracy between the gynecologic surgeons. The accuracy of visual diagnosis of endometriosis was substantially influenced by American Society of Reproductive Medicine stage, the depth and volume of the lesion, and to a lesser extent the location of the lesion. Crown Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  14. Molecular diagnosis and immunotherapy.

    PubMed

    Sastre, Joaquín; Sastre-Ibañez, Marina

    2016-12-01

    To describe recent insights into how molecular diagnosis can improve indication and selection of suitable allergens for specific immunotherapy and increase the safety of this therapy. As specific allergen immunotherapy targets specific allergens, identification of the disease-eliciting allergen is a prerequisite for accurate prescription of treatment. In areas of complex sensitization to aeroallergens or in cases of hymenoptera venom allergy, the use of molecular diagnosis has demonstrated that it may lead to a change in indication and selection of allergens for immunotherapy in a large proportion of patients when compared with diagnosis based on skin prick testing and/or specific IgE determination with commercial extracts. These changes in immunotherapy prescription aided by molecular diagnosis have been demonstrated to be cost-effective in some scenarios. Certain patterns of sensitization to grass or olive pollen and bee allergens may identify patients with higher risk of adverse reaction during immunotherapy. Molecular diagnosis, when used with other tools and patients' clinical records, can help clinicians better to select the most appropriate patients and allergens for specific immunotherapy and, in some cases, predict the risk of adverse reactions. The pattern of sensitization to allergens could potentially predict the efficacy of allergen immunotherapy provided that these immunotherapy products contain a sufficient amount of these allergens. Nevertheless, multiplex assay remains a third-level approach, not to be used as screening method in current practice.

  15. A concise evidence-based physical examination for diagnosis of acromioclavicular joint pathology: a systematic review.

    PubMed

    Krill, Michael K; Rosas, Samuel; Kwon, KiHyun; Dakkak, Andrew; Nwachukwu, Benedict U; McCormick, Frank

    2018-02-01

    The clinical examination of the shoulder joint is an undervalued diagnostic tool for evaluating acromioclavicular (AC) joint pathology. Applying evidence-based clinical tests enables providers to make an accurate diagnosis and minimize costly imaging procedures and potential delays in care. The purpose of this study was to create a decision tree analysis enabling simple and accurate diagnosis of AC joint pathology. A systematic review of the Medline, Ovid and Cochrane Review databases was performed to identify level one and two diagnostic studies evaluating clinical tests for AC joint pathology. Individual test characteristics were combined in series and in parallel to improve sensitivities and specificities. A secondary analysis utilized subjective pre-test probabilities to create a clinical decision tree algorithm with post-test probabilities. The optimal special test combination to screen and confirm AC joint pathology combined Paxinos sign and O'Brien's Test, with a specificity of 95.8% when performed in series; whereas, Paxinos sign and Hawkins-Kennedy Test demonstrated a sensitivity of 93.7% when performed in parallel. Paxinos sign and O'Brien's Test demonstrated the greatest positive likelihood ratio (2.71); whereas, Paxinos sign and Hawkins-Kennedy Test reported the lowest negative likelihood ratio (0.35). No combination of special tests performed in series or in parallel creates more than a small impact on post-test probabilities to screen or confirm AC joint pathology. Paxinos sign and O'Brien's Test is the only special test combination that has a small and sometimes important impact when used both in series and in parallel. Physical examination testing is not beneficial for diagnosis of AC joint pathology when pretest probability is unequivocal. In these instances, it is of benefit to proceed with procedural tests to evaluate AC joint pathology. Ultrasound-guided corticosteroid injections are diagnostic and therapeutic. An ultrasound-guided AC joint

  16. Novel blood-based microRNA biomarker panel for early diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis

    PubMed Central

    Xin, Lei; Gao, Jun; Wang, Dan; Lin, Jin-Huan; Liao, Zhuan; Ji, Jun-Tao; Du, Ting-Ting; Jiang, Fei; Hu, Liang-Hao; Li, Zhao-Shen

    2017-01-01

    Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is an inflammatory disease characterized by progressive fibrosis of pancreas. Early diagnosis will improve the prognosis of patients. This study aimed to obtain serum miRNA biomarkers for early diagnosis of CP. In the current study, we analyzed the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRs) of CP patients from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), and the DEmiRs in plasma of early CP patients (n = 10) from clinic by miRNA microarrays. Expression levels of DEmiRs were further tested in clinical samples including early CP patients (n = 20), late CP patients (n = 20) and healthy controls (n = 18). The primary endpoints were area under curve (AUC) and expression levels of DEmiRs. Four DEmiRs (hsa-miR-320a-d) were obtained from GEO CP, meanwhile two (hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-130a) were identified as distinct biomarkers of early CP by miRNA microarrays. When applied on clinical serum samples, hsa-miR-320a-d were accurate in predicting late CP, while hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-130a were accurate in predicting early CP with AUC of 100.0% and 87.5%. Our study indicates that miRNA expression profile is different in early and late CP. Hsa-miR-221 and hsa-miR-130a are biomarkers of early CP, and the panel of the above 6 serum miRNAs has the potential to be applied clinically for early diagnosis of CP. PMID:28074846

  17. Sensor fault diagnosis of aero-engine based on divided flight status.

    PubMed

    Zhao, Zhen; Zhang, Jun; Sun, Yigang; Liu, Zhexu

    2017-11-01

    Fault diagnosis and safety analysis of an aero-engine have attracted more and more attention in modern society, whose safety directly affects the flight safety of an aircraft. In this paper, the problem concerning sensor fault diagnosis is investigated for an aero-engine during the whole flight process. Considering that the aero-engine is always working in different status through the whole flight process, a flight status division-based sensor fault diagnosis method is presented to improve fault diagnosis precision for the aero-engine. First, aero-engine status is partitioned according to normal sensor data during the whole flight process through the clustering algorithm. Based on that, a diagnosis model is built for each status using the principal component analysis algorithm. Finally, the sensors are monitored using the built diagnosis models by identifying the aero-engine status. The simulation result illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

  18. Sensor fault diagnosis of aero-engine based on divided flight status

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhao, Zhen; Zhang, Jun; Sun, Yigang; Liu, Zhexu

    2017-11-01

    Fault diagnosis and safety analysis of an aero-engine have attracted more and more attention in modern society, whose safety directly affects the flight safety of an aircraft. In this paper, the problem concerning sensor fault diagnosis is investigated for an aero-engine during the whole flight process. Considering that the aero-engine is always working in different status through the whole flight process, a flight status division-based sensor fault diagnosis method is presented to improve fault diagnosis precision for the aero-engine. First, aero-engine status is partitioned according to normal sensor data during the whole flight process through the clustering algorithm. Based on that, a diagnosis model is built for each status using the principal component analysis algorithm. Finally, the sensors are monitored using the built diagnosis models by identifying the aero-engine status. The simulation result illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.

  19. Accurate positioning based on acoustic and optical sensors

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Cai, Kerong; Deng, Jiahao; Guo, Hualing

    2009-11-01

    Unattended laser target designator (ULTD) was designed to partly take the place of conventional LTDs for accurate positioning and laser marking. Analyzed the precision, accuracy and errors of acoustic sensor array, the requirements of laser generator, and the technology of image analysis and tracking, the major system modules were determined. The target's classification, velocity and position can be measured by sensors, and then coded laser beam will be emitted intelligently to mark the excellent position at the excellent time. The conclusion shows that, ULTD can not only avoid security threats, be deployed massively, and accomplish battle damage assessment (BDA), but also be fit for information-based warfare.

  20. A Novel Fault Diagnosis Method for Rotating Machinery Based on a Convolutional Neural Network

    PubMed Central

    Yang, Tao; Gao, Wei

    2018-01-01

    Fault diagnosis is critical to ensure the safety and reliable operation of rotating machinery. Most methods used in fault diagnosis of rotating machinery extract a few feature values from vibration signals for fault diagnosis, which is a dimensionality reduction from the original signal and may omit some important fault messages in the original signal. Thus, a novel diagnosis method is proposed involving the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) to directly classify the continuous wavelet transform scalogram (CWTS), which is a time-frequency domain transform of the original signal and can contain most of the information of the vibration signals. In this method, CWTS is formed by discomposing vibration signals of rotating machinery in different scales using wavelet transform. Then the CNN is trained to diagnose faults, with CWTS as the input. A series of experiments is conducted on the rotor experiment platform using this method. The results indicate that the proposed method can diagnose the faults accurately. To verify the universality of this method, the trained CNN was also used to perform fault diagnosis for another piece of rotor equipment, and a good result was achieved. PMID:29734704

  1. A Novel Fault Diagnosis Method for Rotating Machinery Based on a Convolutional Neural Network.

    PubMed

    Guo, Sheng; Yang, Tao; Gao, Wei; Zhang, Chen

    2018-05-04

    Fault diagnosis is critical to ensure the safety and reliable operation of rotating machinery. Most methods used in fault diagnosis of rotating machinery extract a few feature values from vibration signals for fault diagnosis, which is a dimensionality reduction from the original signal and may omit some important fault messages in the original signal. Thus, a novel diagnosis method is proposed involving the use of a convolutional neural network (CNN) to directly classify the continuous wavelet transform scalogram (CWTS), which is a time-frequency domain transform of the original signal and can contain most of the information of the vibration signals. In this method, CWTS is formed by discomposing vibration signals of rotating machinery in different scales using wavelet transform. Then the CNN is trained to diagnose faults, with CWTS as the input. A series of experiments is conducted on the rotor experiment platform using this method. The results indicate that the proposed method can diagnose the faults accurately. To verify the universality of this method, the trained CNN was also used to perform fault diagnosis for another piece of rotor equipment, and a good result was achieved.

  2. Smartphone-based multispectral imaging: system development and potential for mobile skin diagnosis

    PubMed Central

    Kim, Sewoong; Cho, Dongrae; Kim, Jihun; Kim, Manjae; Youn, Sangyeon; Jang, Jae Eun; Je, Minkyu; Lee, Dong Hun; Lee, Boreom; Farkas, Daniel L.; Hwang, Jae Youn

    2016-01-01

    We investigate the potential of mobile smartphone-based multispectral imaging for the quantitative diagnosis and management of skin lesions. Recently, various mobile devices such as a smartphone have emerged as healthcare tools. They have been applied for the early diagnosis of nonmalignant and malignant skin diseases. Particularly, when they are combined with an advanced optical imaging technique such as multispectral imaging and analysis, it would be beneficial for the early diagnosis of such skin diseases and for further quantitative prognosis monitoring after treatment at home. Thus, we demonstrate here the development of a smartphone-based multispectral imaging system with high portability and its potential for mobile skin diagnosis. The results suggest that smartphone-based multispectral imaging and analysis has great potential as a healthcare tool for quantitative mobile skin diagnosis. PMID:28018743

  3. Smartphone-based multispectral imaging: system development and potential for mobile skin diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Kim, Sewoong; Cho, Dongrae; Kim, Jihun; Kim, Manjae; Youn, Sangyeon; Jang, Jae Eun; Je, Minkyu; Lee, Dong Hun; Lee, Boreom; Farkas, Daniel L; Hwang, Jae Youn

    2016-12-01

    We investigate the potential of mobile smartphone-based multispectral imaging for the quantitative diagnosis and management of skin lesions. Recently, various mobile devices such as a smartphone have emerged as healthcare tools. They have been applied for the early diagnosis of nonmalignant and malignant skin diseases. Particularly, when they are combined with an advanced optical imaging technique such as multispectral imaging and analysis, it would be beneficial for the early diagnosis of such skin diseases and for further quantitative prognosis monitoring after treatment at home. Thus, we demonstrate here the development of a smartphone-based multispectral imaging system with high portability and its potential for mobile skin diagnosis. The results suggest that smartphone-based multispectral imaging and analysis has great potential as a healthcare tool for quantitative mobile skin diagnosis.

  4. Breath analysis based on micropreconcentrator for early cancer diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lee, Sang-Seok

    2018-02-01

    We are developing micropreconcentrators based on micro/nanotechnology to detect trace levels of volatile organic compound (VOC) gases contained in human and canine exhaled breath. The possibility of using exhaled VOC gases as biomarkers for various cancer diagnoses has been previously discussed. For early cancer diagnosis, detection of trace levels of VOC gas is indispensable. Using micropreconcentrators based on MEMS technology or nanotechnology is very promising for detection of VOC gas. A micropreconcentrator based breath analysis technique also has advantages from the viewpoints of cost performance and availability for various cancers diagnosis. In this paper, we introduce design, fabrication and evaluation results of our MEMS and nanotechnology based micropreconcentrators. In the MEMS based device, we propose a flower leaf type Si microstructure, and its shape and configuration are optimized quantitatively by finite element method simulation. The nanotechnology based micropreconcentrator consists of carbon nanotube (CNT) structures. As a result, we achieve ppb level VOC gas detection with our micropreconcentrators and usual gas chromatography system that can detect on the order of ppm VOC in gas samples. In performance evaluation, we also confirm that the CNT based micropreconcentrator shows 115 times better concentration ratio than that of the Si based micropreconcentrator. Moreover, we discuss a commercialization idea for new cancer diagnosis using breath analysis. Future work and preliminary clinical testing in dogs is also discussed.

  5. Can optical diagnosis of small colon polyps be accurate? Comparing standard scope without narrow banding to high definition scope with narrow banding

    PubMed Central

    Ashktorab, Hassan; Etaati, Firoozeh; Rezaeean, Farahnaz; Nouraie, Mehdi; Paydar, Mansour; Namin, Hassan Hassanzadeh; Sanderson, Andrew; Begum, Rehana; Alkhalloufi, Kawtar; Brim, Hassan; Laiyemo, Adeyinka O

    2016-01-01

    AIM: To study the accuracy of using high definition (HD) scope with narrow band imaging (NBI) vs standard white light colonoscope without NBI (ST), to predict the histology of the colon polyps, particularly those < 1 cm. METHODS: A total of 147 African Americans patients who were referred to Howard University Hospital for screening or, diagnostic or follow up colonoscopy, during a 12-mo period in 2012 were prospectively recruited. Some patients had multiple polyps and total number of polyps was 179. Their colonoscopies were performed by 3 experienced endoscopists who determined the size and stated whether the polyps being removed were hyperplastic or adenomatous polyps using standard colonoscopes or high definition colonoscopes with NBI. The histopathologic diagnosis was reported by pathologists as part of routine care. RESULTS: Of participants in the study, 55 (37%) were male and median (interquartile range) of age was 56 (19-80). Demographic, clinical characteristics, past medical history of patients, and the data obtained by two instruments were not significantly different and two methods detected similar number of polyps. In ST scope 89% of polyps were < 1 cm vs 87% in HD scope (P = 0.7). The ST scope had a positive predictive value (PPV) and positive likelihood ratio (PLR) of 86% and 4.0 for adenoma compared to 74% and 2.6 for HD scope. There was a trend of higher sensitivity for HD scope (68%) compare to ST scope (53%) with almost the same specificity. The ST scope had a PPV and PLR of 38% and 1.8 for hyperplastic polyp (HPP) compared to 42% and 2.2 for HD scope. The sensitivity and specificity of two instruments for HPP diagnosis were similar. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that HD scope was more sensitive in diagnosis of adenoma than ST scope. Clinical diagnosis of HPP with either scope is less accurate compared to adenoma. Colonoscopy diagnosis is not yet fully matched with pathologic diagnosis of colon polyp. However with the advancement of both

  6. Can optical diagnosis of small colon polyps be accurate? Comparing standard scope without narrow banding to high definition scope with narrow banding.

    PubMed

    Ashktorab, Hassan; Etaati, Firoozeh; Rezaeean, Farahnaz; Nouraie, Mehdi; Paydar, Mansour; Namin, Hassan Hassanzadeh; Sanderson, Andrew; Begum, Rehana; Alkhalloufi, Kawtar; Brim, Hassan; Laiyemo, Adeyinka O

    2016-07-28

    To study the accuracy of using high definition (HD) scope with narrow band imaging (NBI) vs standard white light colonoscope without NBI (ST), to predict the histology of the colon polyps, particularly those < 1 cm. A total of 147 African Americans patients who were referred to Howard University Hospital for screening or, diagnostic or follow up colonoscopy, during a 12-mo period in 2012 were prospectively recruited. Some patients had multiple polyps and total number of polyps was 179. Their colonoscopies were performed by 3 experienced endoscopists who determined the size and stated whether the polyps being removed were hyperplastic or adenomatous polyps using standard colonoscopes or high definition colonoscopes with NBI. The histopathologic diagnosis was reported by pathologists as part of routine care. Of participants in the study, 55 (37%) were male and median (interquartile range) of age was 56 (19-80). Demographic, clinical characteristics, past medical history of patients, and the data obtained by two instruments were not significantly different and two methods detected similar number of polyps. In ST scope 89% of polyps were < 1 cm vs 87% in HD scope (P = 0.7). The ST scope had a positive predictive value (PPV) and positive likelihood ratio (PLR) of 86% and 4.0 for adenoma compared to 74% and 2.6 for HD scope. There was a trend of higher sensitivity for HD scope (68%) compare to ST scope (53%) with almost the same specificity. The ST scope had a PPV and PLR of 38% and 1.8 for hyperplastic polyp (HPP) compared to 42% and 2.2 for HD scope. The sensitivity and specificity of two instruments for HPP diagnosis were similar. Our results indicated that HD scope was more sensitive in diagnosis of adenoma than ST scope. Clinical diagnosis of HPP with either scope is less accurate compared to adenoma. Colonoscopy diagnosis is not yet fully matched with pathologic diagnosis of colon polyp. However with the advancement of both imaging and training, it may be possible

  7. Research of Litchi Diseases Diagnosis Expertsystem Based on Rbr and Cbr

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Xu, Bing; Liu, Liqun

    To conquer the bottleneck problems existing in the traditional rule-based reasoning diseases diagnosis system, such as low reasoning efficiency and lack of flexibility, etc.. It researched the integrated case-based reasoning (CBR) and rule-based reasoning (RBR) technology, and put forward a litchi diseases diagnosis expert system (LDDES) with integrated reasoning method. The method use data mining and knowledge obtaining technology to establish knowledge base and case library. It adopt rules to instruct the retrieval and matching for CBR, and use association rule and decision trees algorithm to calculate case similarity.The experiment shows that the method can increase the system's flexibility and reasoning ability, and improve the accuracy of litchi diseases diagnosis.

  8. An Integrated Framework for Model-Based Distributed Diagnosis and Prognosis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bregon, Anibal; Daigle, Matthew J.; Roychoudhury, Indranil

    2012-01-01

    Diagnosis and prognosis are necessary tasks for system reconfiguration and fault-adaptive control in complex systems. Diagnosis consists of detection, isolation and identification of faults, while prognosis consists of prediction of the remaining useful life of systems. This paper presents a novel integrated framework for model-based distributed diagnosis and prognosis, where system decomposition is used to enable the diagnosis and prognosis tasks to be performed in a distributed way. We show how different submodels can be automatically constructed to solve the local diagnosis and prognosis problems. We illustrate our approach using a simulated four-wheeled rover for different fault scenarios. Our experiments show that our approach correctly performs distributed fault diagnosis and prognosis in an efficient and robust manner.

  9. Accident diagnosis system based on real-time decision tree expert system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Nicolau, Andressa dos S.; Augusto, João P. da S. C.; Schirru, Roberto

    2017-06-01

    Safety is one of the most studied topics when referring to power stations. For that reason, sensors and alarms develop an important role in environmental and human protection. When abnormal event happens, it triggers a chain of alarms that must be, somehow, checked by the control room operators. In this case, diagnosis support system can help operators to accurately identify the possible root-cause of the problem in short time. In this article, we present a computational model of a generic diagnose support system based on artificial intelligence, that was applied on the dataset of two real power stations: Angra1 Nuclear Power Plant and Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Plant. The proposed system processes all the information logged in the sequence of events before a shutdown signal using the expert's knowledge inputted into an expert system indicating the chain of events, from the shutdown signal to its root-cause. The results of both applications showed that the support system is a potential tool to help the control room operators identify abnormal events, as accidents and consequently increase the safety.

  10. An Accurate Absorption-Based Net Primary Production Model for the Global Ocean

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Silsbe, G.; Westberry, T. K.; Behrenfeld, M. J.; Halsey, K.; Milligan, A.

    2016-02-01

    As a vital living link in the global carbon cycle, understanding how net primary production (NPP) varies through space, time, and across climatic oscillations (e.g. ENSO) is a key objective in oceanographic research. The continual improvement of ocean observing satellites and data analytics now present greater opportunities for advanced understanding and characterization of the factors regulating NPP. In particular, the emergence of spectral inversion algorithms now permits accurate retrievals of the phytoplankton absorption coefficient (aΦ) from space. As NPP is the efficiency in which absorbed energy is converted into carbon biomass, aΦ measurements circumvents chlorophyll-based empirical approaches by permitting direct and accurate measurements of phytoplankton energy absorption. It has long been recognized, and perhaps underappreciated, that NPP and phytoplankton growth rates display muted variability when normalized to aΦ rather than chlorophyll. Here we present a novel absorption-based NPP model that parameterizes the underlying physiological mechanisms behind this muted variability, and apply this physiological model to the global ocean. Through a comparison against field data from the Hawaii and Bermuda Ocean Time Series, we demonstrate how this approach yields more accurate NPP measurements than other published NPP models. By normalizing NPP to satellite estimates of phytoplankton carbon biomass, this presentation also explores the seasonality of phytoplankton growth rates across several oceanic regions. Finally, we discuss how future advances in remote-sensing (e.g. hyperspectral satellites, LIDAR, autonomous profilers) can be exploited to further improve absorption-based NPP models.

  11. A pre-trained convolutional neural network based method for thyroid nodule diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Ma, Jinlian; Wu, Fa; Zhu, Jiang; Xu, Dong; Kong, Dexing

    2017-01-01

    In ultrasound images, most thyroid nodules are in heterogeneous appearances with various internal components and also have vague boundaries, so it is difficult for physicians to discriminate malignant thyroid nodules from benign ones. In this study, we propose a hybrid method for thyroid nodule diagnosis, which is a fusion of two pre-trained convolutional neural networks (CNNs) with different convolutional layers and fully-connected layers. Firstly, the two networks pre-trained with ImageNet database are separately trained. Secondly, we fuse feature maps learned by trained convolutional filters, pooling and normalization operations of the two CNNs. Finally, with the fused feature maps, a softmax classifier is used to diagnose thyroid nodules. The proposed method is validated on 15,000 ultrasound images collected from two local hospitals. Experiment results show that the proposed CNN based methods can accurately and effectively diagnose thyroid nodules. In addition, the fusion of the two CNN based models lead to significant performance improvement, with an accuracy of 83.02%±0.72%. These demonstrate the potential clinical applications of this method. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  12. Qualitative Event-Based Diagnosis: Case Study on the Second International Diagnostic Competition

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Daigle, Matthew; Roychoudhury, Indranil

    2010-01-01

    We describe a diagnosis algorithm entered into the Second International Diagnostic Competition. We focus on the first diagnostic problem of the industrial track of the competition in which a diagnosis algorithm must detect, isolate, and identify faults in an electrical power distribution testbed and provide corresponding recovery recommendations. The diagnosis algorithm embodies a model-based approach, centered around qualitative event-based fault isolation. Faults produce deviations in measured values from model-predicted values. The sequence of these deviations is matched to those predicted by the model in order to isolate faults. We augment this approach with model-based fault identification, which determines fault parameters and helps to further isolate faults. We describe the diagnosis approach, provide diagnosis results from running the algorithm on provided example scenarios, and discuss the issues faced, and lessons learned, from implementing the approach

  13. iPhone-based teleradiology for the diagnosis of acute cervico-dorsal spine trauma.

    PubMed

    Modi, Jayesh; Sharma, Pranshu; Earl, Alex; Simpson, Mark; Mitchell, J Ross; Goyal, Mayank

    2010-11-01

    To assess the feasibility of iPhone-based teleradiology as a potential solution for the diagnosis of acute cervico-dorsal spine trauma. We have developed a solution that allows visualization of images on the iPhone. Our system allows rapid, remote, secure, visualization of medical images without storing patient data on the iPhone. This retrospective study is comprised of cervico-dorsal computed tomogram (CT) scan examination of 75 consecutive patients having clinically suspected cervico-dorsal spine fracture. Two radiologists reviewed CT scan images on the iPhone. Computed tomogram spine scans were analyzed for vertebral body fracture and posterior elements fractures, any associated subluxation-dislocation and cord lesion. The total time taken from the launch of viewing application on the iPhone until interpretation was recorded. The results were compared with that of a diagnostic workstation monitor. Inter-rater agreement was assessed. The sensitivity and accuracy of detecting vertebral body fractures was 80% and 97% by both readers using the iPhone system with a perfect inter-rater agreement (kappa:1). The sensitivity and accuracy of detecting posterior elements fracture was 75% and 98% for Reader 1 and 50% and 97% for Reader 2 using the iPhone. There was good inter-rater agreement (kappa: 0.66) between both readers. No statistically significant difference was noted between time on the workstation and the iPhone system. iPhone-based teleradiology system is accurate in the diagnosis of acute cervicodorsal spinal trauma. It allows rapid, remote, secure, visualization of medical images without storing patient data on the iPhone.

  14. Aided diagnosis methods of breast cancer based on machine learning

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhao, Yue; Wang, Nian; Cui, Xiaoyu

    2017-08-01

    In the field of medicine, quickly and accurately determining whether the patient is malignant or benign is the key to treatment. In this paper, K-Nearest Neighbor, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Logistic Regression were applied to predict the classification of thyroid,Her-2,PR,ER,Ki67,metastasis and lymph nodes in breast cancer, in order to recognize the benign and malignant breast tumors and achieve the purpose of aided diagnosis of breast cancer. The results showed that the highest classification accuracy of LDA was 88.56%, while the classification effect of KNN and Logistic Regression were better than that of LDA, the best accuracy reached 96.30%.

  15. A multiplex serologic platform for diagnosis of tick-borne diseases.

    PubMed

    Tokarz, Rafal; Mishra, Nischay; Tagliafierro, Teresa; Sameroff, Stephen; Caciula, Adrian; Chauhan, Lokendrasingh; Patel, Jigar; Sullivan, Eric; Gucwa, Azad; Fallon, Brian; Golightly, Marc; Molins, Claudia; Schriefer, Martin; Marques, Adriana; Briese, Thomas; Lipkin, W Ian

    2018-02-16

    Tick-borne diseases are the most common vector-borne diseases in the United States, with serology being the primary method of diagnosis. We developed the first multiplex, array-based assay for serodiagnosis of tick-borne diseases called the TBD-Serochip. The TBD-Serochip was designed to discriminate antibody responses to 8 major tick-borne pathogens present in the United States, including Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia microti, Borrelia burgdorferi, Borrelia miyamotoi, Ehrlichia chaffeensis, Rickettsia rickettsii, Heartland virus and Powassan virus. Each assay contains approximately 170,000 12-mer linear peptides that tile along the protein sequence of the major antigens from each agent with 11 amino acid overlap. This permits accurate identification of a wide range of specific immunodominant IgG and IgM epitopes that can then be used to enhance diagnostic accuracy and integrate differential diagnosis into a single assay. To test the performance of the TBD-Serochip, we examined sera from patients with confirmed Lyme disease, babesiosis, anaplasmosis, and Powassan virus disease. We identified a wide range of specific discriminatory epitopes that facilitated accurate diagnosis of each disease. We also identified previously undiagnosed infections. Our results indicate that the TBD-Serochip is a promising tool for a differential diagnosis not available with currently employed serologic assays for TBDs.

  16. A Novel Bearing Multi-Fault Diagnosis Approach Based on Weighted Permutation Entropy and an Improved SVM Ensemble Classifier.

    PubMed

    Zhou, Shenghan; Qian, Silin; Chang, Wenbing; Xiao, Yiyong; Cheng, Yang

    2018-06-14

    Timely and accurate state detection and fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings are very critical to ensuring the reliability of rotating machinery. This paper proposes a novel method of rolling bearing fault diagnosis based on a combination of ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD), weighted permutation entropy (WPE) and an improved support vector machine (SVM) ensemble classifier. A hybrid voting (HV) strategy that combines SVM-based classifiers and cloud similarity measurement (CSM) was employed to improve the classification accuracy. First, the WPE value of the bearing vibration signal was calculated to detect the fault. Secondly, if a bearing fault occurred, the vibration signal was decomposed into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by EEMD. The WPE values of the first several IMFs were calculated to form the fault feature vectors. Then, the SVM ensemble classifier was composed of binary SVM and the HV strategy to identify the bearing multi-fault types. Finally, the proposed model was fully evaluated by experiments and comparative studies. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can effectively detect bearing faults and maintain a high accuracy rate of fault recognition when a small number of training samples are available.

  17. How Long Can Stool Samples Be Fixed for an Accurate Diagnosis of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infection Using Mini-FLOTAC?

    PubMed Central

    Barda, Beatrice; Albonico, Marco; Ianniello, Davide; Ame, Shaali M.; Keiser, Jennifer; Speich, Benjamin; Rinaldi, Laura; Cringoli, Giuseppe; Burioni, Roberto; Montresor, Antonio; Utzinger, Jürg

    2015-01-01

    Background Kato-Katz is a widely used method for the diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminth infection. Fecal samples cannot be preserved, and hence, should be processed on the day of collection and examined under a microscope within 60 min of slide preparation. Mini-FLOTAC is a technique that allows examining fixed fecal samples. We assessed the performance of Mini-FLOTAC using formalin-fixed stool samples compared to Kato-Katz and determined the dynamics of prevalence and intensity estimates of soil-transmitted helminth infection over a 31-day time period. Methodology The study was carried out in late 2013 on Pemba Island, Tanzania. Forty-one children were enrolled and stool samples were subjected on the day of collection to a single Kato-Katz thick smear and Mini-FLOTAC examination; 12 aliquots of stool were fixed in 5% formalin and subsequently examined by Mini-FLOTAC up to 31 days after collection. Principal Findings The combined results from Kato-Katz and Mini-FLOTAC revealed that 100% of children were positive for Trichuris trichiura, 85% for Ascaris lumbricoides, and 54% for hookworm. Kato-Katz and Mini-FLOTAC techniques found similar prevalence estimates for A. lumbricoides (85% versus 76%), T. trichiura (98% versus 100%), and hookworm (42% versus 51%). The mean eggs per gram of stool (EPG) according to Kato-Katz and Mini-FLOTAC was 12,075 and 11,679 for A. lumbricoides, 1,074 and 1,592 for T. trichiura, and 255 and 220 for hookworm, respectively. The mean EPG from day 1 to 31 of fixation was stable for A. lumbricoides and T. trichiura, but gradually declined for hookworm, starting at day 15. Conclusions/Significance The findings of our study suggest that for a qualitative diagnosis of soil-transmitted helminth infection, stool samples can be fixed in 5% formalin for at least 30 days. However, for an accurate quantitative diagnosis of hookworm, we suggest a limit of 15 days of preservation. Our results have direct implication for integrating soil

  18. Non-melanoma skin cancer of the head and neck: the aid of reflectance confocal microscopy for the accurate diagnosis and management.

    PubMed

    Ferrari, Barbara; Salgarelli, Attilio C; Mandel, Victor D; Bellini, Pierantonio; Reggiani, Camilla; Farnetani, Francesca; Pellacani, Giovanni; Magnoni, Cristina

    2017-04-01

    Non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) represents the most common cutaneous neoplasms of the head and neck. In recent years, novel non-invasive diagnostic tool have been developed, and among these we have the reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM), that offers the evaluation of the skin at real time with cellular resolution. Numerous studies have identified the main confocal features of skin tumours, demonstrating the good correlation of these features with certain dermatoscopic patterns and histologic findings. The aim of this analysis was to provide new insight into the role of RCM in the diagnosis and management of NMSC of the head and neck. Data comes from the most recent literature, taking into account previous essential reported information in this field. The study eligibility criteria were: studies providing update information, focusing on RCM findings in NMSC, without restrictions for age, sex, ethnicity. A search concerning the role of dermoscopy and RCM in the diagnosis of NMSC was performed on Medline. Duplicated studies, single case report and papers with language other than English were excluded from this study. RCM clues were analysed for NMSC in association with clinical, dermoscopic and histopathologic findings. Moreover, some new findings have been described and possible applications for NMSC of the head and neck have been discussed. RCM allows tissue imaging in vivo contributing to a more accurate diagnosis of NMSC of the head and neck, sparing time for the patient and costs for the public health system. RCM can also be used for selection of the biopsy site and it is helpful in defining the surgical safety margins to keep during the excision of skin cancers.

  19. Genetic origin of α0-thalassemia (SEA deletion) in Southeast Asian populations and application to accurate prenatal diagnosis of Hb Bart's hydrops fetalis syndrome.

    PubMed

    Jomoui, Wittaya; Fucharoen, Goonnapa; Sanchaisuriya, Kanokwan; Charoenwijitkul, Patnaree; Maneesarn, Jitpanu; Xu, Xiangmin; Fucharoen, Supan

    2017-08-01

    α 0 -thalassemia of SEA deletion (- SEA ) is common among Southeast Asian and Chinese. Using haplotype and phylogenetic analyses, we examined the origin of this defect in Southeast Asian populations. Study was done on both normal and α 0 -thalassemia alleles in 3 ethnic groups including 96 Thai, 52 Laotian and 21 Cambodian. Five SNPs encompassing the (- SEA ) including (rs3760053 T>G), (rs1211375 A>C), (rs3918352 A>G), (rs1203974 A>G) and (rs11248914 C>T) were examined using high-resolution melting assays. It was found that 94.0% of Thai, 100% of Laotian and 100% of Cambodian α 0 -thalassemia alleles were linked to the same haplotype: the haplotype H4 (AAGC), representing an Asian specific origin. An G allele of the (rs3760053) was found to be in strong linkage disequilibrium with the α 0 -thalassemia allele in these populations. A multiplex PCR assay was developed to detect simultaneously the (- SEA ) allele and genotyping of a linked (rs3760053) to improve accuracy of prenatal diagnosis of α 0 -thalassemia. Application of this multiplex PCR assay for routine prenatal diagnosis of α 0 -thalassemia in 12 families revealed a 100% concordant result with conventional gap-PCR assay. Therefore, a single genetic origin is responsible for the spread and high prevalence of the (- SEA ) in the region. The multiplex PCR assay developed should provide a double-check PCR system for more accurate diagnosis and allow the monitoring of possible maternal contamination at prenatal diagnosis of this important genetic disorder.

  20. Accurate phylogenetic classification of DNA fragments based onsequence composition

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    McHardy, Alice C.; Garcia Martin, Hector; Tsirigos, Aristotelis

    2006-05-01

    Metagenome studies have retrieved vast amounts of sequenceout of a variety of environments, leading to novel discoveries and greatinsights into the uncultured microbial world. Except for very simplecommunities, diversity makes sequence assembly and analysis a verychallenging problem. To understand the structure a 5 nd function ofmicrobial communities, a taxonomic characterization of the obtainedsequence fragments is highly desirable, yet currently limited mostly tothose sequences that contain phylogenetic marker genes. We show that forclades at the rank of domain down to genus, sequence composition allowsthe very accurate phylogenetic 10 characterization of genomic sequence.We developed a composition-based classifier, PhyloPythia, for de novophylogenetic sequencemore » characterization and have trained it on adata setof 340 genomes. By extensive evaluation experiments we show that themethodis accurate across all taxonomic ranks considered, even forsequences that originate fromnovel organisms and are as short as 1kb.Application to two metagenome datasets 15 obtained from samples ofphosphorus-removing sludge showed that the method allows the accurateclassification at genus level of most sequence fragments from thedominant populations, while at the same time correctly characterizingeven larger parts of the samples at higher taxonomic levels.« less

  1. Robust High-Resolution Cloth Using Parallelism, History-Based Collisions and Accurate Friction

    PubMed Central

    Selle, Andrew; Su, Jonathan; Irving, Geoffrey; Fedkiw, Ronald

    2015-01-01

    In this paper we simulate high resolution cloth consisting of up to 2 million triangles which allows us to achieve highly detailed folds and wrinkles. Since the level of detail is also influenced by object collision and self collision, we propose a more accurate model for cloth-object friction. We also propose a robust history-based repulsion/collision framework where repulsions are treated accurately and efficiently on a per time step basis. Distributed memory parallelism is used for both time evolution and collisions and we specifically address Gauss-Seidel ordering of repulsion/collision response. This algorithm is demonstrated by several high-resolution and high-fidelity simulations. PMID:19147895

  2. Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia

    PubMed Central

    2018-01-01

    Leukaemia is a form of blood cancer which affects the white blood cells and damages the bone marrow. Usually complete blood count (CBC) and bone marrow aspiration are used to diagnose the acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. It can be a fatal disease if not diagnosed at the earlier stage. In practice, manual microscopic evaluation of stained sample slide is used for diagnosis of leukaemia. But manual diagnostic methods are time-consuming, less accurate, and prone to errors due to various human factors like stress, fatigue, and so forth. Therefore, different automated systems have been proposed to wrestle the glitches in the manual diagnostic methods. In recent past, some computer-aided leukaemia diagnosis methods are presented. These automated systems are fast, reliable, and accurate as compared to manual diagnosis methods. This paper presents review of computer-aided diagnosis systems regarding their methodologies that include enhancement, segmentation, feature extraction, classification, and accuracy. PMID:29681996

  3. Fault Diagnosis for the Heat Exchanger of the Aircraft Environmental Control System Based on the Strong Tracking Filter

    PubMed Central

    Ma, Jian; Lu, Chen; Liu, Hongmei

    2015-01-01

    The aircraft environmental control system (ECS) is a critical aircraft system, which provides the appropriate environmental conditions to ensure the safe transport of air passengers and equipment. The functionality and reliability of ECS have received increasing attention in recent years. The heat exchanger is a particularly significant component of the ECS, because its failure decreases the system’s efficiency, which can lead to catastrophic consequences. Fault diagnosis of the heat exchanger is necessary to prevent risks. However, two problems hinder the implementation of the heat exchanger fault diagnosis in practice. First, the actual measured parameter of the heat exchanger cannot effectively reflect the fault occurrence, whereas the heat exchanger faults are usually depicted by utilizing the corresponding fault-related state parameters that cannot be measured directly. Second, both the traditional Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the EKF-based Double Model Filter have certain disadvantages, such as sensitivity to modeling errors and difficulties in selection of initialization values. To solve the aforementioned problems, this paper presents a fault-related parameter adaptive estimation method based on strong tracking filter (STF) and Modified Bayes classification algorithm for fault detection and failure mode classification of the heat exchanger, respectively. Heat exchanger fault simulation is conducted to generate fault data, through which the proposed methods are validated. The results demonstrate that the proposed methods are capable of providing accurate, stable, and rapid fault diagnosis of the heat exchanger. PMID:25823010

  4. Fault diagnosis for the heat exchanger of the aircraft environmental control system based on the strong tracking filter.

    PubMed

    Ma, Jian; Lu, Chen; Liu, Hongmei

    2015-01-01

    The aircraft environmental control system (ECS) is a critical aircraft system, which provides the appropriate environmental conditions to ensure the safe transport of air passengers and equipment. The functionality and reliability of ECS have received increasing attention in recent years. The heat exchanger is a particularly significant component of the ECS, because its failure decreases the system's efficiency, which can lead to catastrophic consequences. Fault diagnosis of the heat exchanger is necessary to prevent risks. However, two problems hinder the implementation of the heat exchanger fault diagnosis in practice. First, the actual measured parameter of the heat exchanger cannot effectively reflect the fault occurrence, whereas the heat exchanger faults are usually depicted by utilizing the corresponding fault-related state parameters that cannot be measured directly. Second, both the traditional Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and the EKF-based Double Model Filter have certain disadvantages, such as sensitivity to modeling errors and difficulties in selection of initialization values. To solve the aforementioned problems, this paper presents a fault-related parameter adaptive estimation method based on strong tracking filter (STF) and Modified Bayes classification algorithm for fault detection and failure mode classification of the heat exchanger, respectively. Heat exchanger fault simulation is conducted to generate fault data, through which the proposed methods are validated. The results demonstrate that the proposed methods are capable of providing accurate, stable, and rapid fault diagnosis of the heat exchanger.

  5. A Clinician's Guide to the Diagnosis and Management of Gallbladder Volvulus.

    PubMed

    Pottorf, Brian J; Alfaro, Leonardo; Hollis, Harris W

    2013-01-01

    Gallbladder volvulus (GV), or torsion of the gallbladder, is an uncommon surgical emergency. This article reviews the world literature related to GV. We examine the history of gallbladder torsion and highlight the critical constellation of presenting signs and symptoms, which guide the acute care physician and surgeon to accurate and timely diagnosis of GV before surgical intervention. A comprehensive review of all published cases of GV was performed using the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) database. Lists of typical symptoms and clinical presentations are provided to allow clinicians to establish an accurate preoperative diagnosis. GV is frequently undiagnosed before surgical intervention. However, clinical presentation and associated radiographic findings can lead to an accurate diagnosis if the clinician is aware of this uncommon condition. When the diagnosis has been established before operative intervention, expeditious laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed safely. Delays in diagnosis may mandate open cholecystectomy if laparoscopic extraction is contraindicated because of undesirable sequelae of gallbladder necrosis, specifically perforation, bilious peritonitis, and hemodynamic instability.

  6. Accurate prediction of energy expenditure using a shoe-based activity monitor.

    PubMed

    Sazonova, Nadezhda; Browning, Raymond C; Sazonov, Edward

    2011-07-01

    The aim of this study was to develop and validate a method for predicting energy expenditure (EE) using a footwear-based system with integrated accelerometer and pressure sensors. We developed a footwear-based device with an embedded accelerometer and insole pressure sensors for the prediction of EE. The data from the device can be used to perform accurate recognition of major postures and activities and to estimate EE using the acceleration, pressure, and posture/activity classification information in a branched algorithm without the need for individual calibration. We measured EE via indirect calorimetry as 16 adults (body mass index=19-39 kg·m) performed various low- to moderate-intensity activities and compared measured versus predicted EE using several models based on the acceleration and pressure signals. Inclusion of pressure data resulted in better accuracy of EE prediction during static postures such as sitting and standing. The activity-based branched model that included predictors from accelerometer and pressure sensors (BACC-PS) achieved the lowest error (e.g., root mean squared error (RMSE)=0.69 METs) compared with the accelerometer-only-based branched model BACC (RMSE=0.77 METs) and nonbranched model (RMSE=0.94-0.99 METs). Comparison of EE prediction models using data from both legs versus models using data from a single leg indicates that only one shoe needs to be equipped with sensors. These results suggest that foot acceleration combined with insole pressure measurement, when used in an activity-specific branched model, can accurately estimate the EE associated with common daily postures and activities. The accuracy and unobtrusiveness of a footwear-based device may make it an effective physical activity monitoring tool.

  7. Computer-based personality judgments are more accurate than those made by humans.

    PubMed

    Youyou, Wu; Kosinski, Michal; Stillwell, David

    2015-01-27

    Judging others' personalities is an essential skill in successful social living, as personality is a key driver behind people's interactions, behaviors, and emotions. Although accurate personality judgments stem from social-cognitive skills, developments in machine learning show that computer models can also make valid judgments. This study compares the accuracy of human and computer-based personality judgments, using a sample of 86,220 volunteers who completed a 100-item personality questionnaire. We show that (i) computer predictions based on a generic digital footprint (Facebook Likes) are more accurate (r = 0.56) than those made by the participants' Facebook friends using a personality questionnaire (r = 0.49); (ii) computer models show higher interjudge agreement; and (iii) computer personality judgments have higher external validity when predicting life outcomes such as substance use, political attitudes, and physical health; for some outcomes, they even outperform the self-rated personality scores. Computers outpacing humans in personality judgment presents significant opportunities and challenges in the areas of psychological assessment, marketing, and privacy.

  8. Model-Based Diagnosis in a Power Distribution Test-Bed

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Scarl, E.; McCall, K.

    1998-01-01

    The Rodon model-based diagnosis shell was applied to a breadboard test-bed, modeling an automated power distribution system. The constraint-based modeling paradigm and diagnostic algorithm were found to adequately represent the selected set of test scenarios.

  9. A PC based fault diagnosis expert system

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Marsh, Christopher A.

    1990-01-01

    The Integrated Status Assessment (ISA) prototype expert system performs system level fault diagnosis using rules and models created by the user. The ISA evolved from concepts to a stand-alone demonstration prototype using OPS5 on a LISP Machine. The LISP based prototype was rewritten in C and the C Language Integrated Production System (CLIPS) to run on a Personal Computer (PC) and a graphics workstation. The ISA prototype has been used to demonstrate fault diagnosis functions of Space Station Freedom's Operation Management System (OMS). This paper describes the development of the ISA prototype from early concepts to the current PC/workstation version used today and describes future areas of development for the prototype.

  10. Gene-Based Multiclass Cancer Diagnosis with Class-Selective Rejections

    PubMed Central

    Jrad, Nisrine; Grall-Maës, Edith; Beauseroy, Pierre

    2009-01-01

    Supervised learning of microarray data is receiving much attention in recent years. Multiclass cancer diagnosis, based on selected gene profiles, are used as adjunct of clinical diagnosis. However, supervised diagnosis may hinder patient care, add expense or confound a result. To avoid this misleading, a multiclass cancer diagnosis with class-selective rejection is proposed. It rejects some patients from one, some, or all classes in order to ensure a higher reliability while reducing time and expense costs. Moreover, this classifier takes into account asymmetric penalties dependant on each class and on each wrong or partially correct decision. It is based on ν-1-SVM coupled with its regularization path and minimizes a general loss function defined in the class-selective rejection scheme. The state of art multiclass algorithms can be considered as a particular case of the proposed algorithm where the number of decisions is given by the classes and the loss function is defined by the Bayesian risk. Two experiments are carried out in the Bayesian and the class selective rejection frameworks. Five genes selected datasets are used to assess the performance of the proposed method. Results are discussed and accuracies are compared with those computed by the Naive Bayes, Nearest Neighbor, Linear Perceptron, Multilayer Perceptron, and Support Vector Machines classifiers. PMID:19584932

  11. Diagnosis and treatment of orofacial pain in a patient with unserviceable complete dentures: A clinical report.

    PubMed

    Selecman, Audrey M; Ahuja, Swati A

    2018-02-08

    An ill-fitting complete denture has the potential to create pain and discomfort as well as conceal or confound the diagnosis of other primary sources of orofacial pain such as trigeminal neuralgia. Guidelines of the American Academy of Orofacial Pain offer an evidence-based approach for the assessment, diagnosis, and management of orofacial pain. A complete and accurate differential diagnosis is paramount to the success of treatment as well as to the circumvention of unnecessary therapy. The purpose of this clinical report was to emphasize an evidence-based approach to the diagnosis and treatment of orofacial pain in a patient with edentulism and a history of prolonged denture wear. Copyright © 2017 Editorial Council for the Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  12. Fish based preimplantation genetic diagnosis to prevent DiGeorge syndrome.

    PubMed

    Shefi, Shai; Raviv, Gil; Rienstein, Shlomit; Barkai, Gad; Aviram-Goldring, Ayala; Levron, Jacob

    2009-07-01

    To report the performance of fluorescence in-situ hybridization in the setting of preimplantation genetic diagnosis in order to diagnose embryos affected by DiGeorge syndrome. Case report. Academic referral center. A 32 year-old female affected by DiGeorge syndrome. History and physical examination, karyotyping, amniocentesis, preimplantation genetic diagnosis, fluorescence in-situ hybridization. Avoidance of pregnancy with embryo affected by DiGeorge syndrome. Termination of pregnancy with an affected embryo followed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization based preimplantation genetic diagnosis and delivery of healthy offspring. The combination of preimplantation genetic diagnosis with fluorescence in-situ hybridization is recommended to prevent pregnancies with DiGeorge syndrome affected embryos in properly selected patients.

  13. Digital diagnosis and treatment of mandibular condylar fractures based on Extensible Neuro imaging Archive Toolkit (XNAT)

    PubMed Central

    Ren, Jiayin; He, Mingyun; Huang, Yongqing; Tian, WeiDong; Tang, Wei

    2018-01-01

    Objectives The treatment of condylar fractures has long been controversial. In this paper, we established a database for accurate measurement, storage, management and analysis of patients’ data, in order to help determine the best treatment plan. Methods First of all, the diagnosis and treatment database was established based on XNAT, including 339 cases of condylar fractures and their related information. Then image segmentation, registration and three-dimensional (3D) measurement were used to measure and analyze the condyle shapes. Statistical analysis was used to analyze the anatomical structure changes of condyle and the surrounding tissues at different stages before and after treatment. The processes of condylar fracture reestablishment at different stages were also dynamically monitored. Finally, based on all these information, the digital diagnosis and treatment plans for condylar fractures were developed. Results For the patients less than 18 years old with no significant dislocation, surgical treatment and conservative treatment were equally effective for intracapsular fracture, and had no significant difference for neck and basal fractures. For patients above 18 years old, there was no significant difference between the two treatment methods for intracapsular fractures; but for condylar neck and basal fractures, surgical treatment was better than conservative treatment. When condylar fracture shift angle was greater than 11 degrees, and mandibular ramus height reduction was greater than 4mm, the patients felt the strongest pain, and their mouths opening was severely restricted. There were 170 surgical cases with condylar fracture shift angel greater than 11 degrees, and 118 of them (69.4%) had good prognosis, 52 of them (30.6%) had complications such as limited mouth opening. There were 173 surgical cases with mandibular ramus height reduction more than 4mm, and 112 of them (64.7%) had good prognosis, 61 of them (35.3%) had complications such as limited

  14. Computational Intelligence in Early Diabetes Diagnosis: A Review

    PubMed Central

    Shankaracharya; Odedra, Devang; Samanta, Subir; Vidyarthi, Ambarish S.

    2010-01-01

    The development of an effective diabetes diagnosis system by taking advantage of computational intelligence is regarded as a primary goal nowadays. Many approaches based on artificial network and machine learning algorithms have been developed and tested against diabetes datasets, which were mostly related to individuals of Pima Indian origin. Yet, despite high accuracies of up to 99% in predicting the correct diabetes diagnosis, none of these approaches have reached clinical application so far. One reason for this failure may be that diabetologists or clinical investigators are sparsely informed about, or trained in the use of, computational diagnosis tools. Therefore, this article aims at sketching out an outline of the wide range of options, recent developments, and potentials in machine learning algorithms as diabetes diagnosis tools. One focus is on supervised and unsupervised methods, which have made significant impacts in the detection and diagnosis of diabetes at primary and advanced stages. Particular attention is paid to algorithms that show promise in improving diabetes diagnosis. A key advance has been the development of a more in-depth understanding and theoretical analysis of critical issues related to algorithmic construction and learning theory. These include trade-offs for maximizing generalization performance, use of physically realistic constraints, and incorporation of prior knowledge and uncertainty. The review presents and explains the most accurate algorithms, and discusses advantages and pitfalls of methodologies. This should provide a good resource for researchers from all backgrounds interested in computational intelligence-based diabetes diagnosis methods, and allows them to extend their knowledge into this kind of research. PMID:21713313

  15. Computational intelligence in early diabetes diagnosis: a review.

    PubMed

    Shankaracharya; Odedra, Devang; Samanta, Subir; Vidyarthi, Ambarish S

    2010-01-01

    The development of an effective diabetes diagnosis system by taking advantage of computational intelligence is regarded as a primary goal nowadays. Many approaches based on artificial network and machine learning algorithms have been developed and tested against diabetes datasets, which were mostly related to individuals of Pima Indian origin. Yet, despite high accuracies of up to 99% in predicting the correct diabetes diagnosis, none of these approaches have reached clinical application so far. One reason for this failure may be that diabetologists or clinical investigators are sparsely informed about, or trained in the use of, computational diagnosis tools. Therefore, this article aims at sketching out an outline of the wide range of options, recent developments, and potentials in machine learning algorithms as diabetes diagnosis tools. One focus is on supervised and unsupervised methods, which have made significant impacts in the detection and diagnosis of diabetes at primary and advanced stages. Particular attention is paid to algorithms that show promise in improving diabetes diagnosis. A key advance has been the development of a more in-depth understanding and theoretical analysis of critical issues related to algorithmic construction and learning theory. These include trade-offs for maximizing generalization performance, use of physically realistic constraints, and incorporation of prior knowledge and uncertainty. The review presents and explains the most accurate algorithms, and discusses advantages and pitfalls of methodologies. This should provide a good resource for researchers from all backgrounds interested in computational intelligence-based diabetes diagnosis methods, and allows them to extend their knowledge into this kind of research.

  16. Diagnosis of helicopter gearboxes using structure-based networks

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Jammu, Vinay B.; Danai, Kourosh; Lewicki, David G.

    1995-01-01

    A connectionist network is introduced for fault diagnosis of helicopter gearboxes that incorporates knowledge of the gearbox structure and characteristics of the vibration features as its fuzzy weights. Diagnosis is performed by propagating the abnormal features of vibration measurements through this Structure-Based Connectionist Network (SBCN), the outputs of which represent the fault possibility values for individual components of the gearbox. The performance of this network is evaluated by applying it to experimental vibration data from an OH-58A helicopter gearbox. The diagnostic results indicate that the network performance is comparable to those obtained from supervised pattern classification.

  17. Molecular testing for the clinical diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma

    PubMed Central

    Graham, Rondell P; Yeh, Matthew M; Lam-Himlin, Dora; Roberts, Lewis R; Terracciano, Luigi; Cruise, Michael W; Greipp, Patricia T; Zreik, Riyam T; Jain, Dhanpat; Zaid, Nida; Salaria, Safia N; Jin, Long; Wang, Xiaoke; Rustin, Jeanette G; Kerr, Sarah E; Sukov, William R; Solomon, David A; Kakar, Sanjay; Waterhouse, Emily; Gill, Ryan M; Ferrell, Linda; Alves, Venancio AF; Nart, Deniz; Yilmaz, Funda; Roessler, Stephanie; Longerich, Thomas; Schirmacher, Peter; Torbenson, Michael S

    2018-01-01

    Fibrolamellar carcinoma has a distinctive morphology and immunophenotype, including cytokeratin 7 and CD68 co-expression. Despite the distinct findings, accurate diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma continues to be a challenge. Recently, fibrolamellar carcinomas were found to harbor a characteristic somatic gene fusion, DNAJB1–PRKACA. A break-apart fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay was designed to detect this fusion event and to examine its diagnostic performance in a large, multicenter, multinational study. Cases initially classified as fibrolamellar carcinoma based on histological features were reviewed from 124 patients. Upon central review, 104 of the 124 cases were classified histologically as typical of fibrolamellar carcinoma, 12 cases as ‘possible fibrolamellar carcinoma’ and 8 cases as ‘unlikely to be fibrolamellar carcinoma’. PRKACA FISH was positive for rearrangement in 102 of 103 (99%) typical fibrolamellar carcinomas, 9 of 12 ‘possible fibrolamellar carcinomas’ and 0 of 8 cases ‘unlikely to be fibrolamellar carcinomas’. Within the morphologically typical group of fibrolamellar carcinomas, two tumors with unusual FISH patterns were also identified. Both cases had the fusion gene DNAJB1–PRKACA, but one also had amplification of the fusion gene and one had heterozygous deletion of the normal PRKACA locus. In addition, 88 conventional hepatocellular carcinomas were evaluated with PRKACA FISH and all were negative. These findings demonstrate that FISH for the PRKACA rearrangement is a clinically useful tool to confirm the diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma, with high sensitivity and specificity. A diagnosis of fibrolamellar carcinoma is more accurate when based on morphology plus confirmatory testing than when based on morphology alone. PMID:28862261

  18. Intelligent Gearbox Diagnosis Methods Based on SVM, Wavelet Lifting and RBR

    PubMed Central

    Gao, Lixin; Ren, Zhiqiang; Tang, Wenliang; Wang, Huaqing; Chen, Peng

    2010-01-01

    Given the problems in intelligent gearbox diagnosis methods, it is difficult to obtain the desired information and a large enough sample size to study; therefore, we propose the application of various methods for gearbox fault diagnosis, including wavelet lifting, a support vector machine (SVM) and rule-based reasoning (RBR). In a complex field environment, it is less likely for machines to have the same fault; moreover, the fault features can also vary. Therefore, a SVM could be used for the initial diagnosis. First, gearbox vibration signals were processed with wavelet packet decomposition, and the signal energy coefficients of each frequency band were extracted and used as input feature vectors in SVM for normal and faulty pattern recognition. Second, precision analysis using wavelet lifting could successfully filter out the noisy signals while maintaining the impulse characteristics of the fault; thus effectively extracting the fault frequency of the machine. Lastly, the knowledge base was built based on the field rules summarized by experts to identify the detailed fault type. Results have shown that SVM is a powerful tool to accomplish gearbox fault pattern recognition when the sample size is small, whereas the wavelet lifting scheme can effectively extract fault features, and rule-based reasoning can be used to identify the detailed fault type. Therefore, a method that combines SVM, wavelet lifting and rule-based reasoning ensures effective gearbox fault diagnosis. PMID:22399894

  19. Intelligent gearbox diagnosis methods based on SVM, wavelet lifting and RBR.

    PubMed

    Gao, Lixin; Ren, Zhiqiang; Tang, Wenliang; Wang, Huaqing; Chen, Peng

    2010-01-01

    Given the problems in intelligent gearbox diagnosis methods, it is difficult to obtain the desired information and a large enough sample size to study; therefore, we propose the application of various methods for gearbox fault diagnosis, including wavelet lifting, a support vector machine (SVM) and rule-based reasoning (RBR). In a complex field environment, it is less likely for machines to have the same fault; moreover, the fault features can also vary. Therefore, a SVM could be used for the initial diagnosis. First, gearbox vibration signals were processed with wavelet packet decomposition, and the signal energy coefficients of each frequency band were extracted and used as input feature vectors in SVM for normal and faulty pattern recognition. Second, precision analysis using wavelet lifting could successfully filter out the noisy signals while maintaining the impulse characteristics of the fault; thus effectively extracting the fault frequency of the machine. Lastly, the knowledge base was built based on the field rules summarized by experts to identify the detailed fault type. Results have shown that SVM is a powerful tool to accomplish gearbox fault pattern recognition when the sample size is small, whereas the wavelet lifting scheme can effectively extract fault features, and rule-based reasoning can be used to identify the detailed fault type. Therefore, a method that combines SVM, wavelet lifting and rule-based reasoning ensures effective gearbox fault diagnosis.

  20. Fault Diagnosis for Rotating Machinery: A Method based on Image Processing

    PubMed Central

    Lu, Chen; Wang, Yang; Ragulskis, Minvydas; Cheng, Yujie

    2016-01-01

    Rotating machinery is one of the most typical types of mechanical equipment and plays a significant role in industrial applications. Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating machinery has gained wide attention for its significance in preventing catastrophic accident and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. With the development of science and technology, fault diagnosis methods based on multi-disciplines are becoming the focus in the field of fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. This paper presents a multi-discipline method based on image-processing for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Different from traditional analysis method in one-dimensional space, this study employs computing method in the field of image processing to realize automatic feature extraction and fault diagnosis in a two-dimensional space. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signal is transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology, which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, an emerging approach in the field of image processing for feature extraction, speeded-up robust features, is employed to automatically exact fault features from the transformed bi-spectrum contour map and finally form a high-dimensional feature vector. To reduce the dimensionality of the feature vector, thus highlighting main fault features and reducing subsequent computing resources, t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding is adopt to reduce the dimensionality of the feature vector. At last, probabilistic neural network is introduced for fault identification. Two typical rotating machinery, axial piston hydraulic pump and self-priming centrifugal pumps, are selected to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that the proposed method based on image-processing achieves a high accuracy, thus providing a highly effective means to fault diagnosis for rotating machinery. PMID

  1. Fault Diagnosis for Rotating Machinery: A Method based on Image Processing.

    PubMed

    Lu, Chen; Wang, Yang; Ragulskis, Minvydas; Cheng, Yujie

    2016-01-01

    Rotating machinery is one of the most typical types of mechanical equipment and plays a significant role in industrial applications. Condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rotating machinery has gained wide attention for its significance in preventing catastrophic accident and guaranteeing sufficient maintenance. With the development of science and technology, fault diagnosis methods based on multi-disciplines are becoming the focus in the field of fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. This paper presents a multi-discipline method based on image-processing for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery. Different from traditional analysis method in one-dimensional space, this study employs computing method in the field of image processing to realize automatic feature extraction and fault diagnosis in a two-dimensional space. The proposed method mainly includes the following steps. First, the vibration signal is transformed into a bi-spectrum contour map utilizing bi-spectrum technology, which provides a basis for the following image-based feature extraction. Then, an emerging approach in the field of image processing for feature extraction, speeded-up robust features, is employed to automatically exact fault features from the transformed bi-spectrum contour map and finally form a high-dimensional feature vector. To reduce the dimensionality of the feature vector, thus highlighting main fault features and reducing subsequent computing resources, t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding is adopt to reduce the dimensionality of the feature vector. At last, probabilistic neural network is introduced for fault identification. Two typical rotating machinery, axial piston hydraulic pump and self-priming centrifugal pumps, are selected to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results show that the proposed method based on image-processing achieves a high accuracy, thus providing a highly effective means to fault diagnosis for rotating machinery.

  2. Improved multimodal biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment diagnosis: data from ADNI

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Martinez-Torteya, Antonio; Treviño-Alvarado, Víctor; Tamez-Peña, José

    2013-02-01

    The accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) confers many clinical research and patient care benefits. Studies have shown that multimodal biomarkers provide better diagnosis accuracy of AD and MCI than unimodal biomarkers, but their construction has been based on traditional statistical approaches. The objective of this work was the creation of accurate AD and MCI diagnostic multimodal biomarkers using advanced bioinformatics tools. The biomarkers were created by exploring multimodal combinations of features using machine learning techniques. Data was obtained from the ADNI database. The baseline information (e.g. MRI analyses, PET analyses and laboratory essays) from AD, MCI and healthy control (HC) subjects with available diagnosis up to June 2012 was mined for case/controls candidates. The data mining yielded 47 HC, 83 MCI and 43 AD subjects for biomarker creation. Each subject was characterized by at least 980 ADNI features. A genetic algorithm feature selection strategy was used to obtain compact and accurate cross-validated nearest centroid biomarkers. The biomarkers achieved training classification accuracies of 0.983, 0.871 and 0.917 for HC vs. AD, HC vs. MCI and MCI vs. AD respectively. The constructed biomarkers were relatively compact: from 5 to 11 features. Those multimodal biomarkers included several widely accepted univariate biomarkers and novel image and biochemical features. Multimodal biomarkers constructed from previously and non-previously AD associated features showed improved diagnostic performance when compared to those based solely on previously AD associated features.

  3. Medium-based noninvasive preimplantation genetic diagnosis for human α-thalassemias-SEA.

    PubMed

    Wu, Haitao; Ding, Chenhui; Shen, Xiaoting; Wang, Jing; Li, Rong; Cai, Bing; Xu, Yanwen; Zhong, Yiping; Zhou, Canquan

    2015-03-01

    To develop a noninvasive medium-based preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) test for α-thalassemias-SEA. The embryos of α-thalassemia-SEA carriers undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) were cultured. Single cells were biopsied from blastomeres and subjected to fluorescent gap polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis; the spent culture media that contained embryo genomic DNA and corresponding blastocysts as verification were subjected to quantitative-PCR (Q-PCR) detection of α-thalassemia-SEA. The diagnosis efficiency and allele dropout (ADO) ratio were calculated, and the cell-free DNA concentration was quantitatively assessed in the culture medium. The diagnosis efficiency of medium-based α-thalassemias-SEA detection significantly increased compared with that of biopsy-based fluorescent gap PCR analysis (88.6% vs 82.1%, P < 0.05). There is no significant difference regarding ADO ratio between them. The optimal time for medium-based α-thalassemias-SEA detection is Day 5 (D5) following IVF. Medium-based α-thalassemias-SEA detection could represent a novel, quick, and noninvasive approach for carriers to undergo IVF and PGD.

  4. Computer-based personality judgments are more accurate than those made by humans

    PubMed Central

    Youyou, Wu; Kosinski, Michal; Stillwell, David

    2015-01-01

    Judging others’ personalities is an essential skill in successful social living, as personality is a key driver behind people’s interactions, behaviors, and emotions. Although accurate personality judgments stem from social-cognitive skills, developments in machine learning show that computer models can also make valid judgments. This study compares the accuracy of human and computer-based personality judgments, using a sample of 86,220 volunteers who completed a 100-item personality questionnaire. We show that (i) computer predictions based on a generic digital footprint (Facebook Likes) are more accurate (r = 0.56) than those made by the participants’ Facebook friends using a personality questionnaire (r = 0.49); (ii) computer models show higher interjudge agreement; and (iii) computer personality judgments have higher external validity when predicting life outcomes such as substance use, political attitudes, and physical health; for some outcomes, they even outperform the self-rated personality scores. Computers outpacing humans in personality judgment presents significant opportunities and challenges in the areas of psychological assessment, marketing, and privacy. PMID:25583507

  5. Diagnosis of breast cancer biopsies using quantitative phase imaging

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Majeed, Hassaan; Kandel, Mikhail E.; Han, Kevin; Luo, Zelun; Macias, Virgilia; Tangella, Krishnarao; Balla, Andre; Popescu, Gabriel

    2015-03-01

    The standard practice in the histopathology of breast cancers is to examine a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained tissue biopsy under a microscope. The pathologist looks at certain morphological features, visible under the stain, to diagnose whether a tumor is benign or malignant. This determination is made based on qualitative inspection making it subject to investigator bias. Furthermore, since this method requires a microscopic examination by the pathologist it suffers from low throughput. A quantitative, label-free and high throughput method for detection of these morphological features from images of tissue biopsies is, hence, highly desirable as it would assist the pathologist in making a quicker and more accurate diagnosis of cancers. We present here preliminary results showing the potential of using quantitative phase imaging for breast cancer screening and help with differential diagnosis. We generated optical path length maps of unstained breast tissue biopsies using Spatial Light Interference Microscopy (SLIM). As a first step towards diagnosis based on quantitative phase imaging, we carried out a qualitative evaluation of the imaging resolution and contrast of our label-free phase images. These images were shown to two pathologists who marked the tumors present in tissue as either benign or malignant. This diagnosis was then compared against the diagnosis of the two pathologists on H&E stained tissue images and the number of agreements were counted. In our experiment, the agreement between SLIM and H&E based diagnosis was measured to be 88%. Our preliminary results demonstrate the potential and promise of SLIM for a push in the future towards quantitative, label-free and high throughput diagnosis.

  6. Distributed adaptive diagnosis of sensor faults using structural response data

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Dragos, Kosmas; Smarsly, Kay

    2016-10-01

    The reliability and consistency of wireless structural health monitoring (SHM) systems can be compromised by sensor faults, leading to miscalibrations, corrupted data, or even data loss. Several research approaches towards fault diagnosis, referred to as ‘analytical redundancy’, have been proposed that analyze the correlations between different sensor outputs. In wireless SHM, most analytical redundancy approaches require centralized data storage on a server for data analysis, while other approaches exploit the on-board computing capabilities of wireless sensor nodes, analyzing the raw sensor data directly on board. However, using raw sensor data poses an operational constraint due to the limited power resources of wireless sensor nodes. In this paper, a new distributed autonomous approach towards sensor fault diagnosis based on processed structural response data is presented. The inherent correlations among Fourier amplitudes of acceleration response data, at peaks corresponding to the eigenfrequencies of the structure, are used for diagnosis of abnormal sensor outputs at a given structural condition. Representing an entirely data-driven analytical redundancy approach that does not require any a priori knowledge of the monitored structure or of the SHM system, artificial neural networks (ANN) are embedded into the sensor nodes enabling cooperative fault diagnosis in a fully decentralized manner. The distributed analytical redundancy approach is implemented into a wireless SHM system and validated in laboratory experiments, demonstrating the ability of wireless sensor nodes to self-diagnose sensor faults accurately and efficiently with minimal data traffic. Besides enabling distributed autonomous fault diagnosis, the embedded ANNs are able to adapt to the actual condition of the structure, thus ensuring accurate and efficient fault diagnosis even in case of structural changes.

  7. The role of skin and muscle biopsy in the diagnosis of main connective tissue diseases.

    PubMed

    Firulescu, Sineta Cristina; Tudoraşcu, Diana Rodica; Pârvănescu, Cristina Dorina; Chisălău, Andreea Beatrice; Bastian, Alexandra Eugenia; Efrem, Ion Cristian; Bărbulescu, Andreea Lili; Forţofoiu, Mircea Cătălin; Criveanu, Cristina; Ionescu, Petronela; Dinescu, Ştefan Cristian; Tudorancea, Andreea Daniela; Ciurea, Paulina Lucia; Vreju, Ananu Florentin

    2018-01-01

    Systemic involvement in autoimmune diseases is often unclear and organ changes are confounding, thus making it difficult to have an early accurate diagnosis. In those situations, both clinical and paraclinical findings might orientate the diagnosis, but only histological or immunohistochemistry changes might be accurate enough. The skin histological changes are relevant and sometimes might have a tremendous role in the accurate diagnosis of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, due to the correlation with the clinical systemic manifestations of the diseases and through the accessibility of biopsy. In the same time, muscle biopsy can provide important support for physicians improving diagnosis and optimizing management of connective tissue diseases.

  8. Naive Bayes Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Enhanced Independence of Data

    PubMed Central

    Zhang, Nannan; Wu, Lifeng; Yang, Jing; Guan, Yong

    2018-01-01

    The bearing is the key component of rotating machinery, and its performance directly determines the reliability and safety of the system. Data-based bearing fault diagnosis has become a research hotspot. Naive Bayes (NB), which is based on independent presumption, is widely used in fault diagnosis. However, the bearing data are not completely independent, which reduces the performance of NB algorithms. In order to solve this problem, we propose a NB bearing fault diagnosis method based on enhanced independence of data. The method deals with data vector from two aspects: the attribute feature and the sample dimension. After processing, the classification limitation of NB is reduced by the independence hypothesis. First, we extract the statistical characteristics of the original signal of the bearings effectively. Then, the Decision Tree algorithm is used to select the important features of the time domain signal, and the low correlation features is selected. Next, the Selective Support Vector Machine (SSVM) is used to prune the dimension data and remove redundant vectors. Finally, we use NB to diagnose the fault with the low correlation data. The experimental results show that the independent enhancement of data is effective for bearing fault diagnosis. PMID:29401730

  9. New methods for time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy data analysis based on the Laguerre expansion technique--applications in tissue diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Jo, J A; Marcu, L; Fang, Q; Papaioannou, T; Qiao, J H; Fishbein, M C; Beseth, B; Dorafshar, A H; Reil, T; Baker, D; Freischlag, J

    2007-01-01

    A new deconvolution method for the analysis of time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TR-LIFS) data is introduced and applied for tissue diagnosis. The intrinsic TR-LIFS decays are expanded on a Laguerre basis, and the computed Laguerre expansion coefficients (LEC) are used to characterize the sample fluorescence emission. The method was applied for the diagnosis of atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques. At a first stage, using a rabbit atherosclerotic model, 73 TR-LIFS in-vivo measurements from the normal and atherosclerotic aorta segments of eight rabbits were taken. The Laguerre deconvolution technique was able to accurately deconvolve the TR-LIFS measurements. More interesting, the LEC reflected the changes in the arterial biochemical composition and provided discrimination of lesions rich in macrophages/foam-cells with high sensitivity (> 85%) and specificity (> 95%). At a second stage, 348 TR-LIFS measurements were obtained from the explanted carotid arteries of 30 patients. Lesions with significant inflammatory cells (macrophages/foam-cells and lymphocytes) were detected with high sensitivity (> 80%) and specificity (> 90%), using LEC-based classifiers. This study has demonstrated the potential of using TR-LIFS information by means of LEC for in vivo tissue diagnosis, and specifically for detecting inflammation in atherosclerotic lesions, a key marker of plaque vulnerability.

  10. Diagnosis by integrating model-based reasoning with knowledge-based reasoning

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Bylander, Tom

    1988-01-01

    Our research investigates how observations can be categorized by integrating a qualitative physical model with experiential knowledge. Our domain is diagnosis of pathologic gait in humans, in which the observations are the gait motions, muscle activity during gait, and physical exam data, and the diagnostic hypotheses are the potential muscle weaknesses, muscle mistimings, and joint restrictions. Patients with underlying neurological disorders typically have several malfunctions. Among the problems that need to be faced are: the ambiguity of the observations, the ambiguity of the qualitative physical model, correspondence of the observations and hypotheses to the qualitative physical model, the inherent uncertainty of experiential knowledge, and the combinatorics involved in forming composite hypotheses. Our system divides the work so that the knowledge-based reasoning suggests which hypotheses appear more likely than others, the qualitative physical model is used to determine which hypotheses explain which observations, and another process combines these functionalities to construct a composite hypothesis based on explanatory power and plausibility. We speculate that the reasoning architecture of our system is generally applicable to complex domains in which a less-than-perfect physical model and less-than-perfect experiential knowledge need to be combined to perform diagnosis.

  11. Medical microbiology: laboratory diagnosis of invasive pneumococcal disease.

    PubMed

    Werno, Anja M; Murdoch, David R

    2008-03-15

    The laboratory diagnosis of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) continues to rely on culture-based methods that have been used for many decades. The most significant recent developments have occurred with antigen detection assays, whereas the role of nucleic acid amplification tests has yet to be fully clarified. Despite developments in laboratory diagnostics, a microbiological diagnosis is still not made in most cases of IPD, particularly for pneumococcal pneumonia. The limitations of existing diagnostic tests impact the ability to obtain accurate IPD burden data and to assess the effectiveness of control measures, such as vaccination, in addition to the ability to diagnose IPD in individual patients. There is an urgent need for improved diagnostic tests for pneumococcal disease--especially tests that are suitable for use in underresourced countries.

  12. Integrated Knowledge Based Expert System for Disease Diagnosis System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Arbaiy, Nureize; Sulaiman, Shafiza Eliza; Hassan, Norlida; Afizah Afip, Zehan

    2017-08-01

    The role and importance of healthcare systems to improve quality of life and social welfare in a society have been well recognized. Attention should be given to raise awareness and implementing appropriate measures to improve health care. Therefore, a computer based system is developed to serve as an alternative for people to self-diagnose their health status based on given symptoms. This strategy should be emphasized so that people can utilize the information correctly as a reference to enjoy healthier life. Hence, a Web-based Community Center for Healthcare Diagnosis system is developed based on expert system technique. Expert system reasoning technique is employed in the system to enable information about treatment and prevention of the diseases based on given symptoms. At present, three diseases are included which are arthritis, thalassemia and pneumococcal. Sets of rule and fact are managed in the knowledge based system. Web based technology is used as a platform to disseminate the information to users in order for them to optimize the information appropriately. This system will benefit people who wish to increase health awareness and seek expert knowledge on the diseases by performing self-diagnosis for early disease detection.

  13. Studies in knowledge-based diagnosis of failures in robotic assembly

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Lam, Raymond K.; Pollard, Nancy S.; Desai, Rajiv S.

    1990-01-01

    The telerobot diagnostic system (TDS) is a knowledge-based system that is being developed for identification and diagnosis of failures in the space robotic domain. The system is able to isolate the symptoms of the failure, generate failure hypotheses based on these symptoms, and test their validity at various levels by interpreting or simulating the effects of the hypotheses on results of plan execution. The implementation of the TDS is outlined. The classification of failures and the types of system models used by the TDS are discussed. A detailed example of the TDS approach to failure diagnosis is provided.

  14. Cloud-based image sharing network for collaborative imaging diagnosis and consultation

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Yang, Yuanyuan; Gu, Yiping; Wang, Mingqing; Sun, Jianyong; Li, Ming; Zhang, Weiqiang; Zhang, Jianguo

    2018-03-01

    In this presentation, we presented a new approach to design cloud-based image sharing network for collaborative imaging diagnosis and consultation through Internet, which can enable radiologists, specialists and physicians locating in different sites collaboratively and interactively to do imaging diagnosis or consultation for difficult or emergency cases. The designed network combined a regional RIS, grid-based image distribution management, an integrated video conferencing system and multi-platform interactive image display devices together with secured messaging and data communication. There are three kinds of components in the network: edge server, grid-based imaging documents registry and repository, and multi-platform display devices. This network has been deployed in a public cloud platform of Alibaba through Internet since March 2017 and used for small lung nodule or early staging lung cancer diagnosis services between Radiology departments of Huadong hospital in Shanghai and the First Hospital of Jiaxing in Zhejiang Province.

  15. Resonance-Based Sparse Signal Decomposition and its Application in Mechanical Fault Diagnosis: A Review.

    PubMed

    Huang, Wentao; Sun, Hongjian; Wang, Weijie

    2017-06-03

    Mechanical equipment is the heart of industry. For this reason, mechanical fault diagnosis has drawn considerable attention. In terms of the rich information hidden in fault vibration signals, the processing and analysis techniques of vibration signals have become a crucial research issue in the field of mechanical fault diagnosis. Based on the theory of sparse decomposition, Selesnick proposed a novel nonlinear signal processing method: resonance-based sparse signal decomposition (RSSD). Since being put forward, RSSD has become widely recognized, and many RSSD-based methods have been developed to guide mechanical fault diagnosis. This paper attempts to summarize and review the theoretical developments and application advances of RSSD in mechanical fault diagnosis, and to provide a more comprehensive reference for those interested in RSSD and mechanical fault diagnosis. Followed by a brief introduction of RSSD's theoretical foundation, based on different optimization directions, applications of RSSD in mechanical fault diagnosis are categorized into five aspects: original RSSD, parameter optimized RSSD, subband optimized RSSD, integrated optimized RSSD, and RSSD combined with other methods. On this basis, outstanding issues in current RSSD study are also pointed out, as well as corresponding instructional solutions. We hope this review will provide an insightful reference for researchers and readers who are interested in RSSD and mechanical fault diagnosis.

  16. Resonance-Based Sparse Signal Decomposition and Its Application in Mechanical Fault Diagnosis: A Review

    PubMed Central

    Huang, Wentao; Sun, Hongjian; Wang, Weijie

    2017-01-01

    Mechanical equipment is the heart of industry. For this reason, mechanical fault diagnosis has drawn considerable attention. In terms of the rich information hidden in fault vibration signals, the processing and analysis techniques of vibration signals have become a crucial research issue in the field of mechanical fault diagnosis. Based on the theory of sparse decomposition, Selesnick proposed a novel nonlinear signal processing method: resonance-based sparse signal decomposition (RSSD). Since being put forward, RSSD has become widely recognized, and many RSSD-based methods have been developed to guide mechanical fault diagnosis. This paper attempts to summarize and review the theoretical developments and application advances of RSSD in mechanical fault diagnosis, and to provide a more comprehensive reference for those interested in RSSD and mechanical fault diagnosis. Followed by a brief introduction of RSSD’s theoretical foundation, based on different optimization directions, applications of RSSD in mechanical fault diagnosis are categorized into five aspects: original RSSD, parameter optimized RSSD, subband optimized RSSD, integrated optimized RSSD, and RSSD combined with other methods. On this basis, outstanding issues in current RSSD study are also pointed out, as well as corresponding instructional solutions. We hope this review will provide an insightful reference for researchers and readers who are interested in RSSD and mechanical fault diagnosis. PMID:28587198

  17. Kurtosis based weighted sparse model with convex optimization technique for bearing fault diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Zhang, Han; Chen, Xuefeng; Du, Zhaohui; Yan, Ruqiang

    2016-12-01

    The bearing failure, generating harmful vibrations, is one of the most frequent reasons for machine breakdowns. Thus, performing bearing fault diagnosis is an essential procedure to improve the reliability of the mechanical system and reduce its operating expenses. Most of the previous studies focused on rolling bearing fault diagnosis could be categorized into two main families, kurtosis-based filter method and wavelet-based shrinkage method. Although tremendous progresses have been made, their effectiveness suffers from three potential drawbacks: firstly, fault information is often decomposed into proximal frequency bands and results in impulsive feature frequency band splitting (IFFBS) phenomenon, which significantly degrades the performance of capturing the optimal information band; secondly, noise energy spreads throughout all frequency bins and contaminates fault information in the information band, especially under the heavy noisy circumstance; thirdly, wavelet coefficients are shrunk equally to satisfy the sparsity constraints and most of the feature information energy are thus eliminated unreasonably. Therefore, exploiting two pieces of prior information (i.e., one is that the coefficient sequences of fault information in the wavelet basis is sparse, and the other is that the kurtosis of the envelope spectrum could evaluate accurately the information capacity of rolling bearing faults), a novel weighted sparse model and its corresponding framework for bearing fault diagnosis is proposed in this paper, coined KurWSD. KurWSD formulates the prior information into weighted sparse regularization terms and then obtains a nonsmooth convex optimization problem. The alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) is sequentially employed to solve this problem and the fault information is extracted through the estimated wavelet coefficients. Compared with state-of-the-art methods, KurWSD overcomes the three drawbacks and utilizes the advantages of both family

  18. Improving liver fibrosis diagnosis based on forward and backward second harmonic generation signals

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Peng, Qiwen; Zhuo, Shuangmu; So, Peter T. C.; Yu, Hanry

    2015-02-01

    The correlation of forward second harmonic generation (SHG) signal and backward SHG signal in different liver fibrosis stages was investigated. We found that three features, including the collagen percentage for forward SHG, the collagen percentage for backward SHG, and the average intensity ratio of two kinds of SHG signals, can quantitatively stage liver fibrosis in thioacetamide-induced rat model. We demonstrated that the combination of all three features by using a support vector machine classification algorithm can provide a more accurate prediction than each feature alone in fibrosis diagnosis.

  19. The use of multiple models in case-based diagnosis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Karamouzis, Stamos T.; Feyock, Stefan

    1993-01-01

    The work described in this paper has as its goal the integration of a number of reasoning techniques into a unified intelligent information system that will aid flight crews with malfunction diagnosis and prognostication. One of these approaches involves using the extensive archive of information contained in aircraft accident reports along with various models of the aircraft as the basis for case-based reasoning about malfunctions. Case-based reasoning draws conclusions on the basis of similarities between the present situation and prior experience. We maintain that the ability of a CBR program to reason about physical systems is significantly enhanced by the addition to the CBR program of various models. This paper describes the diagnostic concepts implemented in a prototypical case based reasoner that operates in the domain of in-flight fault diagnosis, the various models used in conjunction with the reasoner's CBR component, and results from a preliminary evaluation.

  20. A Rolling Element Bearing Fault Diagnosis Approach Based on Multifractal Theory and Gray Relation Theory

    PubMed Central

    Li, Jingchao; Cao, Yunpeng; Ying, Yulong; Li, Shuying

    2016-01-01

    Bearing failure is one of the dominant causes of failure and breakdowns in rotating machinery, leading to huge economic loss. Aiming at the nonstationary and nonlinear characteristics of bearing vibration signals as well as the complexity of condition-indicating information distribution in the signals, a novel rolling element bearing fault diagnosis method based on multifractal theory and gray relation theory was proposed in the paper. Firstly, a generalized multifractal dimension algorithm was developed to extract the characteristic vectors of fault features from the bearing vibration signals, which can offer more meaningful and distinguishing information reflecting different bearing health status in comparison with conventional single fractal dimension. After feature extraction by multifractal dimensions, an adaptive gray relation algorithm was applied to implement an automated bearing fault pattern recognition. The experimental results show that the proposed method can identify various bearing fault types as well as severities effectively and accurately. PMID:28036329

  1. A Rolling Element Bearing Fault Diagnosis Approach Based on Multifractal Theory and Gray Relation Theory.

    PubMed

    Li, Jingchao; Cao, Yunpeng; Ying, Yulong; Li, Shuying

    2016-01-01

    Bearing failure is one of the dominant causes of failure and breakdowns in rotating machinery, leading to huge economic loss. Aiming at the nonstationary and nonlinear characteristics of bearing vibration signals as well as the complexity of condition-indicating information distribution in the signals, a novel rolling element bearing fault diagnosis method based on multifractal theory and gray relation theory was proposed in the paper. Firstly, a generalized multifractal dimension algorithm was developed to extract the characteristic vectors of fault features from the bearing vibration signals, which can offer more meaningful and distinguishing information reflecting different bearing health status in comparison with conventional single fractal dimension. After feature extraction by multifractal dimensions, an adaptive gray relation algorithm was applied to implement an automated bearing fault pattern recognition. The experimental results show that the proposed method can identify various bearing fault types as well as severities effectively and accurately.

  2. Cytology-based treatment decision in primary lung cancer: is it accurate enough?

    PubMed

    Sakr, Lama; Roll, Patrice; Payan, Marie-José; Liprandi, Agnès; Dutau, Hervé; Astoul, Philippe; Robaglia-Schlupp, Andrée; Loundou, Anderson; Barlesi, Fabrice

    2012-03-01

    Accurate distinction of lung cancer types has become increasingly important as recent trials have shown differential response to chemotherapy among non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) subtypes. Cytological procedures are frequently used but their diagnostic accuracy has been previously questioned. However, new endoscopic and cytological techniques might have improved cytological accuracy in comparison with prior findings. The aim of this study was to reassess cytological accuracy for diagnosis of lung cancer subtypes. A retrospective chart review of subjects who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) for suspicion of lung cancer in 2007-2008, was undertaken. Reports of bronchoscopically derived cytological specimens were compared to those of histological material. Endoscopic findings and specific investigational techniques were taken into account. A total of 467 FOB with both cytological and histological diagnostic techniques were performed in 449 subjects. Patients consisted of 345 men and 104 women (median age, 65 yrs). Cytology proved malignancy in 157 patients. Cytologically diagnosed carcinomas were classified into squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) in 56, adenocarcinoma (ADC) in 6, small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) in 12, non-small cell lung carcinoma not otherwise specified (NSCLC-NOS) in 71, and unclassified carcinoma in 12. Cytology correlated fairly with biopsy specimens, as agreement was observed in 83% of SCLC, 100% of ADC, 74% of SqCC and 8% of NSCLC-NOS. Interestingly, 61% of cytologically identified NSCLC-NOS were classified as ADC by histology. Cytological accuracy improved in case of an endobronchial lesion, mainly for SqCC. These results indicate that cytological accuracy remains fair with regard to diagnosis of squamous and non-squamous lung cancer subtypes. Improvement of cytological accuracy is expected however with novel diagnostic strategies. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

  3. MRI-based decision tree model for diagnosis of biliary atresia.

    PubMed

    Kim, Yong Hee; Kim, Myung-Joon; Shin, Hyun Joo; Yoon, Haesung; Han, Seok Joo; Koh, Hong; Roh, Yun Ho; Lee, Mi-Jung

    2018-02-23

    To evaluate MRI findings and to generate a decision tree model for diagnosis of biliary atresia (BA) in infants with jaundice. We retrospectively reviewed features of MRI and ultrasonography (US) performed in infants with jaundice between January 2009 and June 2016 under approval of the institutional review board, including the maximum diameter of periportal signal change on MRI (MR triangular cord thickness, MR-TCT) or US (US-TCT), visibility of common bile duct (CBD) and abnormality of gallbladder (GB). Hepatic subcapsular flow was reviewed on Doppler US. We performed conditional inference tree analysis using MRI findings to generate a decision tree model. A total of 208 infants were included, 112 in the BA group and 96 in the non-BA group. Mean age at the time of MRI was 58.7 ± 36.6 days. Visibility of CBD, abnormality of GB and MR-TCT were good discriminators for the diagnosis of BA and the MRI-based decision tree using these findings with MR-TCT cut-off 5.1 mm showed 97.3 % sensitivity, 94.8 % specificity and 96.2 % accuracy. MRI-based decision tree model reliably differentiates BA in infants with jaundice. MRI can be an objective imaging modality for the diagnosis of BA. • MRI-based decision tree model reliably differentiates biliary atresia in neonatal cholestasis. • Common bile duct, gallbladder and periportal signal changes are the discriminators. • MRI has comparable performance to ultrasonography for diagnosis of biliary atresia.

  4. A Clinician’s Guide to the Diagnosis and Management of Gallbladder Volvulus

    PubMed Central

    Pottorf, Brian J; Alfaro, Leonardo; Hollis, Harris W

    2013-01-01

    Introduction: Gallbladder volvulus (GV), or torsion of the gallbladder, is an uncommon surgical emergency. This article reviews the world literature related to GV. We examine the history of gallbladder torsion and highlight the critical constellation of presenting signs and symptoms, which guide the acute care physician and surgeon to accurate and timely diagnosis of GV before surgical intervention. Methods: A comprehensive review of all published cases of GV was performed using the National Library of Medicine (PubMed) database. Results: Lists of typical symptoms and clinical presentations are provided to allow clinicians to establish an accurate preoperative diagnosis. Conclusion: GV is frequently undiagnosed before surgical intervention. However, clinical presentation and associated radiographic findings can lead to an accurate diagnosis if the clinician is aware of this uncommon condition. When the diagnosis has been established before operative intervention, expeditious laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed safely. Delays in diagnosis may mandate open cholecystectomy if laparoscopic extraction is contraindicated because of undesirable sequelae of gallbladder necrosis, specifically perforation, bilious peritonitis, and hemodynamic instability. PMID:23704849

  5. High-Throughput Sequencing, a Versatile Weapon to Support Genome-Based Diagnosis in Infectious Diseases: Applications to Clinical Bacteriology

    PubMed Central

    Caboche, Ségolène; Audebert, Christophe; Hot, David

    2014-01-01

    The recent progresses of high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies enable easy and cost-reduced access to whole genome sequencing (WGS) or re-sequencing. HTS associated with adapted, automatic and fast bioinformatics solutions for sequencing applications promises an accurate and timely identification and characterization of pathogenic agents. Many studies have demonstrated that data obtained from HTS analysis have allowed genome-based diagnosis, which has been consistent with phenotypic observations. These proofs of concept are probably the first steps toward the future of clinical microbiology. From concept to routine use, many parameters need to be considered to promote HTS as a powerful tool to help physicians and clinicians in microbiological investigations. This review highlights the milestones to be completed toward this purpose. PMID:25437800

  6. Centrifugal compressor fault diagnosis based on qualitative simulation and thermal parameters

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lu, Yunsong; Wang, Fuli; Jia, Mingxing; Qi, Yuanchen

    2016-12-01

    This paper concerns fault diagnosis of centrifugal compressor based on thermal parameters. An improved qualitative simulation (QSIM) based fault diagnosis method is proposed to diagnose the faults of centrifugal compressor in a gas-steam combined-cycle power plant (CCPP). The qualitative models under normal and two faulty conditions have been built through the analysis of the principle of centrifugal compressor. To solve the problem of qualitative description of the observations of system variables, a qualitative trend extraction algorithm is applied to extract the trends of the observations. For qualitative states matching, a sliding window based matching strategy which consists of variables operating ranges constraints and qualitative constraints is proposed. The matching results are used to determine which QSIM model is more consistent with the running state of system. The correct diagnosis of two typical faults: seal leakage and valve stuck in the centrifugal compressor has validated the targeted performance of the proposed method, showing the advantages of fault roots containing in thermal parameters.

  7. Fault Diagnosis for Rolling Bearings under Variable Conditions Based on Visual Cognition

    PubMed Central

    Cheng, Yujie; Zhou, Bo; Lu, Chen; Yang, Chao

    2017-01-01

    Fault diagnosis for rolling bearings has attracted increasing attention in recent years. However, few studies have focused on fault diagnosis for rolling bearings under variable conditions. This paper introduces a fault diagnosis method for rolling bearings under variable conditions based on visual cognition. The proposed method includes the following steps. First, the vibration signal data are transformed into a recurrence plot (RP), which is a two-dimensional image. Then, inspired by the visual invariance characteristic of the human visual system (HVS), we utilize speed up robust feature to extract fault features from the two-dimensional RP and generate a 64-dimensional feature vector, which is invariant to image translation, rotation, scaling variation, etc. Third, based on the manifold perception characteristic of HVS, isometric mapping, a manifold learning method that can reflect the intrinsic manifold embedded in the high-dimensional space, is employed to obtain a low-dimensional feature vector. Finally, a classical classification method, support vector machine, is utilized to realize fault diagnosis. Verification data were collected from Case Western Reserve University Bearing Data Center, and the experimental result indicates that the proposed fault diagnosis method based on visual cognition is highly effective for rolling bearings under variable conditions, thus providing a promising approach from the cognitive computing field. PMID:28772943

  8. Bearing Fault Diagnosis Based on Statistical Locally Linear Embedding

    PubMed Central

    Wang, Xiang; Zheng, Yuan; Zhao, Zhenzhou; Wang, Jinping

    2015-01-01

    Fault diagnosis is essentially a kind of pattern recognition. The measured signal samples usually distribute on nonlinear low-dimensional manifolds embedded in the high-dimensional signal space, so how to implement feature extraction, dimensionality reduction and improve recognition performance is a crucial task. In this paper a novel machinery fault diagnosis approach based on a statistical locally linear embedding (S-LLE) algorithm which is an extension of LLE by exploiting the fault class label information is proposed. The fault diagnosis approach first extracts the intrinsic manifold features from the high-dimensional feature vectors which are obtained from vibration signals that feature extraction by time-domain, frequency-domain and empirical mode decomposition (EMD), and then translates the complex mode space into a salient low-dimensional feature space by the manifold learning algorithm S-LLE, which outperforms other feature reduction methods such as PCA, LDA and LLE. Finally in the feature reduction space pattern classification and fault diagnosis by classifier are carried out easily and rapidly. Rolling bearing fault signals are used to validate the proposed fault diagnosis approach. The results indicate that the proposed approach obviously improves the classification performance of fault pattern recognition and outperforms the other traditional approaches. PMID:26153771

  9. Celiac Disease Diagnosis: Endoscopic Biopsy

    MedlinePlus

    ... tissue samples are also vital to an accurate diagnosis—celiac disease can cause patchy lesions in the duodenum which ... to perform an intestinal biopsy to establish the diagnosis of celiac disease in a patient with DH; the skin biopsy ...

  10. Landmark-based deep multi-instance learning for brain disease diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Liu, Mingxia; Zhang, Jun; Adeli, Ehsan; Shen, Dinggang

    2018-01-01

    In conventional Magnetic Resonance (MR) image based methods, two stages are often involved to capture brain structural information for disease diagnosis, i.e., 1) manually partitioning each MR image into a number of regions-of-interest (ROIs), and 2) extracting pre-defined features from each ROI for diagnosis with a certain classifier. However, these pre-defined features often limit the performance of the diagnosis, due to challenges in 1) defining the ROIs and 2) extracting effective disease-related features. In this paper, we propose a landmark-based deep multi-instance learning (LDMIL) framework for brain disease diagnosis. Specifically, we first adopt a data-driven learning approach to discover disease-related anatomical landmarks in the brain MR images, along with their nearby image patches. Then, our LDMIL framework learns an end-to-end MR image classifier for capturing both the local structural information conveyed by image patches located by landmarks and the global structural information derived from all detected landmarks. We have evaluated our proposed framework on 1526 subjects from three public datasets (i.e., ADNI-1, ADNI-2, and MIRIAD), and the experimental results show that our framework can achieve superior performance over state-of-the-art approaches. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  11. Accurate visible speech synthesis based on concatenating variable length motion capture data.

    PubMed

    Ma, Jiyong; Cole, Ron; Pellom, Bryan; Ward, Wayne; Wise, Barbara

    2006-01-01

    We present a novel approach to synthesizing accurate visible speech based on searching and concatenating optimal variable-length units in a large corpus of motion capture data. Based on a set of visual prototypes selected on a source face and a corresponding set designated for a target face, we propose a machine learning technique to automatically map the facial motions observed on the source face to the target face. In order to model the long distance coarticulation effects in visible speech, a large-scale corpus that covers the most common syllables in English was collected, annotated and analyzed. For any input text, a search algorithm to locate the optimal sequences of concatenated units for synthesis is desrcribed. A new algorithm to adapt lip motions from a generic 3D face model to a specific 3D face model is also proposed. A complete, end-to-end visible speech animation system is implemented based on the approach. This system is currently used in more than 60 kindergarten through third grade classrooms to teach students to read using a lifelike conversational animated agent. To evaluate the quality of the visible speech produced by the animation system, both subjective evaluation and objective evaluation are conducted. The evaluation results show that the proposed approach is accurate and powerful for visible speech synthesis.

  12. Digital diagnosis of medical images

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Heinonen, Tomi; Kuismin, Raimo; Jormalainen, Raimo; Dastidar, Prasun; Frey, Harry; Eskola, Hannu

    2001-08-01

    The popularity of digital imaging devices and PACS installations has increased during the last years. Still, images are analyzed and diagnosed using conventional techniques. Our research group begun to study the requirements for digital image diagnostic methods to be applied together with PACS systems. The research was focused on various image analysis procedures (e.g., segmentation, volumetry, 3D visualization, image fusion, anatomic atlas, etc.) that could be useful in medical diagnosis. We have developed Image Analysis software (www.medimag.net) to enable several image-processing applications in medical diagnosis, such as volumetry, multimodal visualization, and 3D visualizations. We have also developed a commercial scalable image archive system (ActaServer, supports DICOM) based on component technology (www.acta.fi), and several telemedicine applications. All the software and systems operate in NT environment and are in clinical use in several hospitals. The analysis software have been applied in clinical work and utilized in numerous patient cases (500 patients). This method has been used in the diagnosis, therapy and follow-up in various diseases of the central nervous system (CNS), respiratory system (RS) and human reproductive system (HRS). In many of these diseases e.g. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (CNS), nasal airways diseases (RS) and ovarian tumors (HRS), these methods have been used for the first time in clinical work. According to our results, digital diagnosis improves diagnostic capabilities, and together with PACS installations it will become standard tool during the next decade by enabling more accurate diagnosis and patient follow-up.

  13. Bedside ultrasound in the diagnosis of complex hand infections: a case series.

    PubMed

    Marvel, Brett A; Budhram, Gavin R

    2015-01-01

    The red, swollen, infected hand can be a diagnostically challenging presentation in the emergency department (ED). Hand infections are a relatively uncommon ED complaint, and diagnoses may range from simple cellulitis to deep space abscess, and even to suppurative flexor tenosynovitis. The accurate differentiation of these clinical entities is of paramount importance to healing and recovery of function. In this case series, we review 4 patients with similar presenting complaints of a red, swollen hand, but with much different diagnoses and eventual treatment strategies. We describe how ultrasound was used to assist in making the diagnosis and initiating the most appropriate therapy. Finally, we review techniques for sonographic evaluation of the hand and provide imaging tips to improve visualization and accurate diagnosis. Why should an emergency physician be aware of this? Bedside ultrasound may allow for a more rapid and accurate diagnosis of various hand infections when diagnosis by physical examination is unclear. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

  14. Accurate Quantitative Sensing of Intracellular pH based on Self-ratiometric Upconversion Luminescent Nanoprobe.

    PubMed

    Li, Cuixia; Zuo, Jing; Zhang, Li; Chang, Yulei; Zhang, Youlin; Tu, Langping; Liu, Xiaomin; Xue, Bin; Li, Qiqing; Zhao, Huiying; Zhang, Hong; Kong, Xianggui

    2016-12-09

    Accurate quantitation of intracellular pH (pH i ) is of great importance in revealing the cellular activities and early warning of diseases. A series of fluorescence-based nano-bioprobes composed of different nanoparticles or/and dye pairs have already been developed for pH i sensing. Till now, biological auto-fluorescence background upon UV-Vis excitation and severe photo-bleaching of dyes are the two main factors impeding the accurate quantitative detection of pH i . Herein, we have developed a self-ratiometric luminescence nanoprobe based on förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) for probing pH i , in which pH-sensitive fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were served as energy acceptor and donor, respectively. Under 980 nm excitation, upconversion emission bands at 475 nm and 645 nm of NaYF 4 :Yb 3+ , Tm 3+ UCNPs were used as pH i response and self-ratiometric reference signal, respectively. This direct quantitative sensing approach has circumvented the traditional software-based subsequent processing of images which may lead to relatively large uncertainty of the results. Due to efficient FRET and fluorescence background free, a highly-sensitive and accurate sensing has been achieved, featured by 3.56 per unit change in pH i value 3.0-7.0 with deviation less than 0.43. This approach shall facilitate the researches in pH i related areas and development of the intracellular drug delivery systems.

  15. Accurate Quantitative Sensing of Intracellular pH based on Self-ratiometric Upconversion Luminescent Nanoprobe

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Li, Cuixia; Zuo, Jing; Zhang, Li; Chang, Yulei; Zhang, Youlin; Tu, Langping; Liu, Xiaomin; Xue, Bin; Li, Qiqing; Zhao, Huiying; Zhang, Hong; Kong, Xianggui

    2016-12-01

    Accurate quantitation of intracellular pH (pHi) is of great importance in revealing the cellular activities and early warning of diseases. A series of fluorescence-based nano-bioprobes composed of different nanoparticles or/and dye pairs have already been developed for pHi sensing. Till now, biological auto-fluorescence background upon UV-Vis excitation and severe photo-bleaching of dyes are the two main factors impeding the accurate quantitative detection of pHi. Herein, we have developed a self-ratiometric luminescence nanoprobe based on förster resonant energy transfer (FRET) for probing pHi, in which pH-sensitive fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) were served as energy acceptor and donor, respectively. Under 980 nm excitation, upconversion emission bands at 475 nm and 645 nm of NaYF4:Yb3+, Tm3+ UCNPs were used as pHi response and self-ratiometric reference signal, respectively. This direct quantitative sensing approach has circumvented the traditional software-based subsequent processing of images which may lead to relatively large uncertainty of the results. Due to efficient FRET and fluorescence background free, a highly-sensitive and accurate sensing has been achieved, featured by 3.56 per unit change in pHi value 3.0-7.0 with deviation less than 0.43. This approach shall facilitate the researches in pHi related areas and development of the intracellular drug delivery systems.

  16. Case-Mix Adjusting Performance Measures in a Veteran Population: Pharmacy- and Diagnosis-Based Approaches

    PubMed Central

    Liu, Chuan-Fen; Sales, Anne E; Sharp, Nancy D; Fishman, Paul; Sloan, Kevin L; Todd-Stenberg, Jeff; Nichol, W Paul; Rosen, Amy K; Loveland, Susan

    2003-01-01

    Objective To compare the rankings for health care utilization performance measures at the facility level in a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) health care delivery network using pharmacy- and diagnosis-based case-mix adjustment measures. Data Sources/Study Setting The study included veterans who used inpatient or outpatient services in Veterans Integrated Service Network (VISN) 20 during fiscal year 1998 (October 1997 to September 1998; N=126,076). Utilization and pharmacy data were extracted from VHA national databases and the VISN 20 data warehouse. Study Design We estimated concurrent regression models using pharmacy or diagnosis information in the base year (FY1998) to predict health service utilization in the same year. Utilization measures included bed days of care for inpatient care and provider visits for outpatient care. Principal Findings Rankings of predicted utilization measures across facilities vary by case-mix adjustment measure. There is greater consistency within the diagnosis-based models than between the diagnosis- and pharmacy-based models. The eight facilities were ranked differently by the diagnosis- and pharmacy-based models. Conclusions Choice of case-mix adjustment measure affects rankings of facilities on performance measures, raising concerns about the validity of profiling practices. Differences in rankings may reflect differences in comparability of data capture across facilities between pharmacy and diagnosis data sources, and unstable estimates due to small numbers of patients in a facility. PMID:14596393

  17. [Diagnosis and treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) based on its atypical immunological features].

    PubMed

    Miyata, Shigeki; Maeda, Takuma

    2016-03-01

    Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a prothrombotic side effect of heparin therapy caused by HIT antibodies, i.e., anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4)/heparin IgG with platelet-activating properties. For serological diagnosis, antigen immunoassays are commonly used worldwide. However, such assays do not indicate their platelet-activating properties, leading to low specificity for the HIT diagnosis. Therefore, over-diagnosis is currently the most serious problem associated with HIT. The detection of platelet-activating antibodies using a washed platelet activation assay is crucial for appropriate HIT diagnosis. Recent advances in our understanding of the pathogenesis of HIT include it having several clinical features atypical for an immune-mediated disease. Heparin-naïve patients can develop IgG antibodies as early as day 4, as in a secondary immune response. Evidence for an anamnestic response on heparin re-exposure is lacking. In addition, HIT antibodies are relatively short-lived, unlike those in a secondary immune response. These lines of evidence suggest that the mechanisms underlying HIT antibody formation may be compatible with a non-T cell-dependent immune reaction. These atypical clinical and serological features should be carefully considered while endeavoring to accurately diagnose HIT, which leads to appropriate therapies such as immediate administration of an alternative anticoagulant to prevent thromboembolic events and re-administration of heparin during surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass when HIT antibodies are no longer detectable.

  18. Clinical Assistant Diagnosis for Electronic Medical Record Based on Convolutional Neural Network.

    PubMed

    Yang, Zhongliang; Huang, Yongfeng; Jiang, Yiran; Sun, Yuxi; Zhang, Yu-Jin; Luo, Pengcheng

    2018-04-20

    Automatically extracting useful information from electronic medical records along with conducting disease diagnoses is a promising task for both clinical decision support(CDS) and neural language processing(NLP). Most of the existing systems are based on artificially constructed knowledge bases, and then auxiliary diagnosis is done by rule matching. In this study, we present a clinical intelligent decision approach based on Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN), which can automatically extract high-level semantic information of electronic medical records and then perform automatic diagnosis without artificial construction of rules or knowledge bases. We use collected 18,590 copies of the real-world clinical electronic medical records to train and test the proposed model. Experimental results show that the proposed model can achieve 98.67% accuracy and 96.02% recall, which strongly supports that using convolutional neural network to automatically learn high-level semantic features of electronic medical records and then conduct assist diagnosis is feasible and effective.

  19. Early Oscillation Detection for Hybrid DC/DC Converter Fault Diagnosis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Wang, Bright L.

    2011-01-01

    This paper describes a novel fault detection technique for hybrid DC/DC converter oscillation diagnosis. The technique is based on principles of feedback control loop oscillation and RF signal modulations, and Is realized by using signal spectral analysis. Real-circuit simulation and analytical study reveal critical factors of the oscillation and indicate significant correlations between the spectral analysis method and the gain/phase margin method. A stability diagnosis index (SDI) is developed as a quantitative measure to accurately assign a degree of stability to the DC/DC converter. This technique Is capable of detecting oscillation at an early stage without interfering with DC/DC converter's normal operation and without limitations of probing to the converter.

  20. How complete and accurate is meningococcal disease notification?

    PubMed

    Breen, E; Ghebrehewet, S; Regan, M; Thomson, A P J

    2004-12-01

    Effective public health control of meningococcal disease (meningococcal meningitis and septicaemia) is dependent on complete, accurate and speedy notification. Using capture-recapture techniques this study assesses the completeness, accuracy and timeliness of meningococcal notification in a health authority. The completeness of meningococcal disease notification was 94.8% (95% confidence interval 93.2% to 96.2%); 91.2% of cases in 2001 were notified within 24 hours of diagnosis, but 28.0% of notifications in 2001 were false positives. Clinical staff need to be aware of the public health implications of a notification of meningococcal disease, and of failure of, or delay in notification. Incomplete or delayed notification not only leads to inaccurate data collection but also means that important public health measures may not be taken. A clinical diagnosis of meningococcal disease should be carefully considered between the clinician and the consultant in communicable disease control (CCDC). Otherwise, prophylaxis may be given unnecessarily, disease incidence inflated, and the benefits of control measures underestimated. Consultants in communicable disease control (CCDCs), in conjunction with clinical staff, should de-notify meningococcal disease if the diagnosis changes.

  1. Accurate and robust brain image alignment using boundary-based registration.

    PubMed

    Greve, Douglas N; Fischl, Bruce

    2009-10-15

    The fine spatial scales of the structures in the human brain represent an enormous challenge to the successful integration of information from different images for both within- and between-subject analysis. While many algorithms to register image pairs from the same subject exist, visual inspection shows that their accuracy and robustness to be suspect, particularly when there are strong intensity gradients and/or only part of the brain is imaged. This paper introduces a new algorithm called Boundary-Based Registration, or BBR. The novelty of BBR is that it treats the two images very differently. The reference image must be of sufficient resolution and quality to extract surfaces that separate tissue types. The input image is then aligned to the reference by maximizing the intensity gradient across tissue boundaries. Several lower quality images can be aligned through their alignment with the reference. Visual inspection and fMRI results show that BBR is more accurate than correlation ratio or normalized mutual information and is considerably more robust to even strong intensity inhomogeneities. BBR also excels at aligning partial-brain images to whole-brain images, a domain in which existing registration algorithms frequently fail. Even in the limit of registering a single slice, we show the BBR results to be robust and accurate.

  2. Onychomycosis: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management

    PubMed Central

    Elewski, Boni E.

    1998-01-01

    Although not life-threatening, onychomycosis (a fungal infection of the nail, usually caused by a dermatophyte) constitutes an important public health problem because of its high prevalence (about 10% of the U.S. population) and associated morbidity. The disease can have certain negative consequences for patients, such as pain, and can potentially undermine work and social lives. This review discusses the etiology, classification, diagnosis, and treatment of onychomycosis. Four types of onychomycosis are recognized based on the site and pattern of fungal invasion. Dermatophyte fungi are the predominant pathogens, but yeasts (especially Candida albicans) and nondermatophyte molds may also be implicated. Accurate diagnosis requires direct microscopy and fungal culture. The differential diagnosis includes psoriasis, lichen planus, onychogryphosis, and nail trauma. Onychomycosis is more difficult to treat than most dermatophytoses because of the inherent slow growth of the nail. Older antifungal agents (ketoconazole and griseofulvin) are unsuitable for onychomycosis because of their relatively poor efficacy and potential adverse effects. Three recently developed antimycotic agents (fluconazole, itraconazole, and terbinafine) offer high cure rates and good safety profiles. In addition, the short treatment times (<3 months) and intermittent dosing schedules are likely to enhance compliance and reduce the costs of therapy. PMID:9665975

  3. Accurate fluid force measurement based on control surface integration

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Lentink, David

    2018-01-01

    Nonintrusive 3D fluid force measurements are still challenging to conduct accurately for freely moving animals, vehicles, and deforming objects. Two techniques, 3D particle image velocimetry (PIV) and a new technique, the aerodynamic force platform (AFP), address this. Both rely on the control volume integral for momentum; whereas PIV requires numerical integration of flow fields, the AFP performs the integration mechanically based on rigid walls that form the control surface. The accuracy of both PIV and AFP measurements based on the control surface integration is thought to hinge on determining the unsteady body force associated with the acceleration of the volume of displaced fluid. Here, I introduce a set of non-dimensional error ratios to show which fluid and body parameters make the error negligible. The unsteady body force is insignificant in all conditions where the average density of the body is much greater than the density of the fluid, e.g., in gas. Whenever a strongly deforming body experiences significant buoyancy and acceleration, the error is significant. Remarkably, this error can be entirely corrected for with an exact factor provided that the body has a sufficiently homogenous density or acceleration distribution, which is common in liquids. The correction factor for omitting the unsteady body force, {{{ {ρ f}} {1 - {ρ f} ( {{ρ b}+{ρ f}} )}.{( {{{{ρ }}b}+{ρ f}} )}}} , depends only on the fluid, {ρ f}, and body, {{ρ }}b, density. Whereas these straightforward solutions work even at the liquid-gas interface in a significant number of cases, they do not work for generalized bodies undergoing buoyancy in combination with appreciable body density inhomogeneity, volume change (PIV), or volume rate-of-change (PIV and AFP). In these less common cases, the 3D body shape needs to be measured and resolved in time and space to estimate the unsteady body force. The analysis shows that accounting for the unsteady body force is straightforward to non

  4. Heart failure diagnosis in acute conditions has high agreement with inpatient diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Seronde, Marie-France; Laribi, Said; Collins, Sean P; Deye, Nicolas; Logeart, Damien; Plaisance, Patrick; Cohen-Solal, Alain; Mebazaa, Alexandre

    2016-06-01

    Acute heart failure (AHF) is frequently encountered in the emergency department (ED) or in the cardiac care unit (CCU)/ICU. Discrimination between cardiac and noncardiac cause of dyspnea by clinical means and standard testing is sometimes inadequate. The aim of our study was to assess AHF diagnosis agreement as determined by: (a) the attending physician, (b) the hospital discharge diagnosis, and (c) an adjudication committee. Between 2010 and 2011, consecutive patients arriving for dyspnea in our hospital were prospectively included. A convenience sample of patients was enrolled in this analysis. Patients were admitted through the ED (280 patients) or through CCU/ICU (112 patients) for undifferentiated dyspnea. Overall, few differences were observed between the initial diagnosis and the hospital discharge diagnosis or the adjudicated diagnosis. Among the 200 patients with an initial diagnosis of AHF, hospital discharge diagnosis confirmed AHF (alone or combined) in 191 (95.5%) patients and the adjudication committee confirmed AHF (alone or combined) in 196 (98%) patients. Our study showed considerable agreement between different AHF diagnostic standards. An initial AHF diagnosis on the basis of clinical signs and biological parameters utilizing B-type natriuretic peptide testing has high agreement and accuracy with the hospital discharge and adjudicated diagnosis of AHF. The present study also shows that the accuracy of the initial AHF diagnosis allows rapid inclusion in AHF trials. These results, if confirmed in a broader cohort of patients, suggest that the initial ED diagnosis is highly accurate and reliable to guide further inpatient management.

  5. [Vasculitic neuropathy: novel classification, diagnosis and treatment].

    PubMed

    Kanda, Takashi

    2014-01-01

    The international standard of nomenclature and classification in vasculitis, CHCC 1994,was revised as CHCC 2012. In the first part of this review article I briefly summarized the CHCC 2012 and pointed out the changes in this revision, especially on the disorders related to vasculitic neuropathy. Notable changes include the introduction of new terms such as granulomatosis with polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis. In the second part, I mentioned the tips for the diagnosis and treatment of vasculitic neuropathy. Because most of the vasculitic neuropathy patients require rigorous, long-standing immunosuppressive therapy, the accurate diagnosis based on the pathological detection of vasculitic changes is mandatory. In this regard, the value of sural nerve biopsy is still not ignorable. In the treatment of vascultic neuropathy, there are no controlled treatment trials and clinical practice is guided by experience from case series and indirectly by analogy with systemic vasculitis. Although combined therapy using prednisolone and cyclophosphamide is usually recommended by experts, tailor-made treatment regimen based on the conditions of each patient would produce the best outcome in vasculitic neuropathy.

  6. Nanotechnology-Based Detection of Novel microRNAs for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2016-08-01

    1 AD _________________ AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0157 TITLE: Nanotechnology -Based Detection of Novel microRNAs for Early Diagnosis of Prostate...DATES COVERED 15 Jul 2015 - 14 Jul 2016 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Nanotechnology -Based Detection of Novel microRNAs for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer...the expression level of deregulated miRNAs in mouse and human PCa tissues as well as serum samples using an advanced nanotechnology -based sensing

  7. A hierarchical fuzzy rule-based approach to aphasia diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Akbarzadeh-T, Mohammad-R; Moshtagh-Khorasani, Majid

    2007-10-01

    Aphasia diagnosis is a particularly challenging medical diagnostic task due to the linguistic uncertainty and vagueness, inconsistencies in the definition of aphasic syndromes, large number of measurements with imprecision, natural diversity and subjectivity in test objects as well as in opinions of experts who diagnose the disease. To efficiently address this diagnostic process, a hierarchical fuzzy rule-based structure is proposed here that considers the effect of different features of aphasia by statistical analysis in its construction. This approach can be efficient for diagnosis of aphasia and possibly other medical diagnostic applications due to its fuzzy and hierarchical reasoning construction. Initially, the symptoms of the disease which each consists of different features are analyzed statistically. The measured statistical parameters from the training set are then used to define membership functions and the fuzzy rules. The resulting two-layered fuzzy rule-based system is then compared with a back propagating feed-forward neural network for diagnosis of four Aphasia types: Anomic, Broca, Global and Wernicke. In order to reduce the number of required inputs, the technique is applied and compared on both comprehensive and spontaneous speech tests. Statistical t-test analysis confirms that the proposed approach uses fewer Aphasia features while also presenting a significant improvement in terms of accuracy.

  8. Comparative application of IS711-based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for canine brucellosis diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Batinga, Maria Cryskely Agra; de Lima, Julia Teresa Ribeiro; Gregori, Fabio; Diniz, Jaqueline Assumpção; Muner, Kerstin; Oliveira, Trícia M F S; Ferreira, Helena Lage; Soares, Rodrigo Martins; Keid, Lara Borges

    2018-06-01

    Canine brucellosis is caused by Brucella canis, a gram negative and facultative intracellular bacterium that is commonly associated with reproductive failures in dogs. The accurate diagnosis of the infection relies on the use of serological tests associated with blood culturing to guarantee sensitivity. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can replace the culturing procedure for the direct diagnosis of the infection because of its speed, high specificity and sensitivity values; however, it depends on some laboratory infrastructure to be conducted. The loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) may be an alternative method for DNA amplification in a shorter period, using simpler equipment, and with a lower cost. This study evaluated the potential of molecular tools based on PCR and LAMP using primers targeting the insertion sequence IS711 for Brucella detection in three groups of dogs (infected, non-infected and suspected of brucellosis), which were determined according to the results of blood culturing and clinical examination. The performance of the three diagnostic tests was also determined using McNemar test and Kappa coefficient. The proportion of positive samples detected by blood culturing, PCR and LAMP was respectively 31.57% (18/57), 33.34% (19/57), and 14.03% (8/57). The agreement between blood culturing and PCR was almost perfect, while the agreement of PCR and blood culturing compared to LAMP was fair. The diagnostic sensitivity of PCR and LAMP was respectively 100% (18/18) and 44.44% (8/18), while the diagnostic specificity of both tests was 100% (21/21). LAMP performance was not satisfactory for canine brucellosis diagnosis because of the low diagnostic sensitivity of the test. The IS711 based PCR, otherwise, showed high values of sensitivity and specificity, which makes it a good alternative for use for the rapid diagnosis of canine brucellosis. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  9. A Dual-Mode Large-Arrayed CMOS ISFET Sensor for Accurate and High-Throughput pH Sensing in Biomedical Diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Huang, Xiwei; Yu, Hao; Liu, Xu; Jiang, Yu; Yan, Mei; Wu, Dongping

    2015-09-01

    The existing ISFET-based DNA sequencing detects hydrogen ions released during the polymerization of DNA strands on microbeads, which are scattered into microwell array above the ISFET sensor with unknown distribution. However, false pH detection happens at empty microwells due to crosstalk from neighboring microbeads. In this paper, a dual-mode CMOS ISFET sensor is proposed to have accurate pH detection toward DNA sequencing. Dual-mode sensing, optical and chemical modes, is realized by integrating a CMOS image sensor (CIS) with ISFET pH sensor, and is fabricated in a standard 0.18-μm CIS process. With accurate determination of microbead physical locations with CIS pixel by contact imaging, the dual-mode sensor can correlate local pH for one DNA slice at one location-determined microbead, which can result in improved pH detection accuracy. Moreover, toward a high-throughput DNA sequencing, a correlated-double-sampling readout that supports large array for both modes is deployed to reduce pixel-to-pixel nonuniformity such as threshold voltage mismatch. The proposed CMOS dual-mode sensor is experimentally examined to show a well correlated pH map and optical image for microbeads with a pH sensitivity of 26.2 mV/pH, a fixed pattern noise (FPN) reduction from 4% to 0.3%, and a readout speed of 1200 frames/s. A dual-mode CMOS ISFET sensor with suppressed FPN for accurate large-arrayed pH sensing is proposed and demonstrated with state-of-the-art measured results toward accurate and high-throughput DNA sequencing. The developed dual-mode CMOS ISFET sensor has great potential for future personal genome diagnostics with high accuracy and low cost.

  10. Establishing a China malaria diagnosis reference laboratory network for malaria elimination.

    PubMed

    Yin, Jian-hai; Yan, He; Huang, Fang; Li, Mei; Xiao, Hui-hui; Zhou, Shui-sen; Xia, Zhi-gui

    2015-01-28

    In China, the prevalence of malaria has reduced dramatically due to the elimination programme. The continued success of the programme will depend upon the accurate diagnosis of the disease in the laboratory. The basic requirements for this are a reliable malaria diagnosis laboratory network and quality management system to support case verification and source tracking. The baseline information of provincial malaria laboratories in the China malaria diagnosis reference laboratory network was collected and analysed, and a quality-assurance activity was carried out to assess their accuracies in malaria diagnosis by microscopy using WHO standards and PCR. By the end of 2013, nineteen of 24 provincial laboratories have been included in the network. In the study, a total of 168 staff were registered and there was no bias in their age, gender, education level, and position. Generally Plasmodium species were identified with great accuracy by microscopy and PCR. However, Plasmodium ovale was likely to be misdiagnosed as Plasmodium vivax by microscopy. China has established a laboratory network for primary malaria diagnosis which will cover a larger area. Currently, Plasmodium species can be identified fairly accurately by microscopy and PCR. However, laboratory staff need additional trainings on accurate identification of P. ovale microscopically and good performance of PCR operations.

  11. Avian influenza surveillance and diagnosis

    USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

    Rapid detection and accurate identification of low (LPAI) and high pathogenicity avian influenza (HPAI) is critical to controlling infections and disease in poultry. Test selection and algorithms for the detection and diagnosis of avian influenza virus (AIV) in poultry may vary somewhat among differ...

  12. Modeling Sensor Reliability in Fault Diagnosis Based on Evidence Theory

    PubMed Central

    Yuan, Kaijuan; Xiao, Fuyuan; Fei, Liguo; Kang, Bingyi; Deng, Yong

    2016-01-01

    Sensor data fusion plays an important role in fault diagnosis. Dempster–Shafer (D-R) evidence theory is widely used in fault diagnosis, since it is efficient to combine evidence from different sensors. However, under the situation where the evidence highly conflicts, it may obtain a counterintuitive result. To address the issue, a new method is proposed in this paper. Not only the statistic sensor reliability, but also the dynamic sensor reliability are taken into consideration. The evidence distance function and the belief entropy are combined to obtain the dynamic reliability of each sensor report. A weighted averaging method is adopted to modify the conflict evidence by assigning different weights to evidence according to sensor reliability. The proposed method has better performance in conflict management and fault diagnosis due to the fact that the information volume of each sensor report is taken into consideration. An application in fault diagnosis based on sensor fusion is illustrated to show the efficiency of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method improves the accuracy of fault diagnosis from 81.19% to 89.48% compared to the existing methods. PMID:26797611

  13. PACS-Based Computer-Aided Detection and Diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Huang, H. K. (Bernie); Liu, Brent J.; Le, Anh HongTu; Documet, Jorge

    The ultimate goal of Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS)-based Computer-Aided Detection and Diagnosis (CAD) is to integrate CAD results into daily clinical practice so that it becomes a second reader to aid the radiologist's diagnosis. Integration of CAD and Hospital Information System (HIS), Radiology Information System (RIS) or PACS requires certain basic ingredients from Health Level 7 (HL7) standard for textual data, Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) standard for images, and Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise (IHE) workflow profiles in order to comply with the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) requirements to be a healthcare information system. Among the DICOM standards and IHE workflow profiles, DICOM Structured Reporting (DICOM-SR); and IHE Key Image Note (KIN), Simple Image and Numeric Report (SINR) and Post-processing Work Flow (PWF) are utilized in CAD-HIS/RIS/PACS integration. These topics with examples are presented in this chapter.

  14. Drug allergy in hospitalized perioperative patients: the contribution of a structured questionnaire for accurate diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Klieman, Polina; Fredman, Brian; Goldberg, Arnon; Confino-Cohen, Ronit

    2013-08-01

    History of drug allergy is a major cause for deviation from standard of care, as well as prescribing expensive medications. We aimed to evaluate drug allergy-related history taking by surgery interns and compare it with history taking by an allergist and an anesthetist using a simple, structured questionnaire. Patients with a declared drug allergy were prospectively recruited from surgical wards. The interns' drug allergy diagnosis was compared with that of the allergy specialist and anesthetist that used a structured questionnaire. A total of 195 patients with 305 reports of drug allergy were included; 52% of the reactions labeled by the surgical interns as allergic were tagged as not allergic by the anesthetist assisted by the questionnaire. The allergist found that 51% of these reactions represented either side effects or were nonrelated to the culprit drug. Inconsistency between drug allergy diagnosis of surgery interns and anesthetists and allergists are common. The use of a simple structured questionnaire by the ward physicians may be accessible and beneficial for more precise diagnosis of drug allergies.

  15. Prenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly.

    PubMed

    Kousa, Youssef A; du Plessis, Adré J; Vezina, Gilbert

    2018-05-17

    Holoprosencephaly is a spectrum of congenital defects of forebrain development characterized by incomplete separation of the cerebral hemispheres. In vivo diagnosis can be established with prenatal brain imaging and disease severity correlates with extent of abnormally developed brain tissue. Advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) over the past 25 years and their application to the fetus have enabled diagnosis of holoprosencephaly in utero. Here, we report on the prenatal diagnosis of holoprosencephaly using MRI as part of a diagnostic and management evaluation at a tertiary and quaternary referral center. Using an advanced MRI protocol and a 1.5-Tesla magnet, we show radiographic data diagnostic for the holoprosencephaly spectrum, including alobar, semilobar, lobar, middle interhemispheric, and septopreoptic variant. Accurate prenatal evaluation is important because the severity of imaging findings correlates with postnatal morbidity and mortality in holoprosencephaly. Therefore, this work has implications for the evaluation, diagnosis, management, and genetic counseling that families can receive during a pregnancy. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  16. HyDE Framework for Stochastic and Hybrid Model-Based Diagnosis

    NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

    Narasimhan, Sriram; Brownston, Lee

    2012-01-01

    Hybrid Diagnosis Engine (HyDE) is a general framework for stochastic and hybrid model-based diagnosis that offers flexibility to the diagnosis application designer. The HyDE architecture supports the use of multiple modeling paradigms at the component and system level. Several alternative algorithms are available for the various steps in diagnostic reasoning. This approach is extensible, with support for the addition of new modeling paradigms as well as diagnostic reasoning algorithms for existing or new modeling paradigms. HyDE is a general framework for stochastic hybrid model-based diagnosis of discrete faults; that is, spontaneous changes in operating modes of components. HyDE combines ideas from consistency-based and stochastic approaches to model- based diagnosis using discrete and continuous models to create a flexible and extensible architecture for stochastic and hybrid diagnosis. HyDE supports the use of multiple paradigms and is extensible to support new paradigms. HyDE generates candidate diagnoses and checks them for consistency with the observations. It uses hybrid models built by the users and sensor data from the system to deduce the state of the system over time, including changes in state indicative of faults. At each time step when observations are available, HyDE checks each existing candidate for continued consistency with the new observations. If the candidate is consistent, it continues to remain in the candidate set. If it is not consistent, then the information about the inconsistency is used to generate successor candidates while discarding the candidate that was inconsistent. The models used by HyDE are similar to simulation models. They describe the expected behavior of the system under nominal and fault conditions. The model can be constructed in modular and hierarchical fashion by building component/subsystem models (which may themselves contain component/ subsystem models) and linking them through shared variables/parameters. The

  17. Diagnosis of Fanconi Anemia by Diepoxybutane Analysis

    PubMed Central

    Auerbach, Arleen D.

    2015-01-01

    Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous disorder characterized by congenital malformations, progressive bone marrow failure, and predisposition to cancer, particularly hematological malignancies and solid tumors of the head and neck. The main role of FA proteins is in the repair of DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). FA results from pathogenic variants in at least 16 distinct genes, causing genomic instability. Although the highly variable phenotype makes accurate diagnosis on the basis of clinical manifestations difficult in some patients, diagnosis based on a profound sensitivity to DNA crosslinking agents can be used to identify the pre-anemia patient as well as patients with aplastic anemia or leukemia who may or may not have the physical stigmata associated with the syndrome. Diepoxybutane (DEB) analysis is the preferred test for FA because other agents have higher rates of false-positive and false-negative results. PMID:25827349

  18. Fuzzy model-based fault detection and diagnosis for a pilot heat exchanger

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Habbi, Hacene; Kidouche, Madjid; Kinnaert, Michel; Zelmat, Mimoun

    2011-04-01

    This article addresses the design and real-time implementation of a fuzzy model-based fault detection and diagnosis (FDD) system for a pilot co-current heat exchanger. The design method is based on a three-step procedure which involves the identification of data-driven fuzzy rule-based models, the design of a fuzzy residual generator and the evaluation of the residuals for fault diagnosis using statistical tests. The fuzzy FDD mechanism has been implemented and validated on the real co-current heat exchanger, and has been proven to be efficient in detecting and isolating process, sensor and actuator faults.

  19. Diagnosis of multiple system atrophy

    PubMed Central

    Palma, Jose-Alberto; Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Lucy; Kaufmann, Horacio

    2017-01-01

    Multiple system atrophy (MSA) may be difficult to distinguish clinically from other disorders, particularly in the early stages of the disease. An autonomic-only presentation can be indistinguishable from pure autonomic failure. Patients presenting with parkinsonism may be misdiagnosed as having Parkinson disease. Patients presenting with the cerebellar phenotype of MSA can mimic other adult-onset ataxias due to alcohol, chemotherapeutic agents, lead, lithium, and toluene, or vitamin E deficiency, as well as paraneoplastic, autoimmune, or genetic ataxias. A careful medical history and meticulous neurological examination remain the cornerstone for the accurate diagnosis of MSA. Ancillary investigations are helpful to support the diagnosis, rule out potential mimics, and define therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes diagnostic investigations useful in the differential diagnosis of patients with suspected MSA. Currently used techniques include structural and functional brain imaging, cardiac sympathetic imaging, cardiovascular autonomic testing, olfactory testing, sleep study, urological evaluation, and dysphagia and cognitive assessments. Despite advances in the diagnostic tools for MSA in recent years and the availability of consensus criteria for clinical diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of MSA remains sub-optimal. As other diagnostic tools emerge, including skin biopsy, retinal biomarkers, blood and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and advanced genetic testing, a more accurate and earlier recognition of MSA should be possible, even in the prodromal stages. This has important implications as misdiagnosis can result in inappropriate treatment, patient and family distress, and erroneous eligibility for clinical trials of disease-modifying drugs. PMID:29111419

  20. Development of improved enzyme-based and lateral flow immunoassays for rapid and accurate serodiagnosis of canine brucellosis.

    PubMed

    Cortina, María E; Novak, Analía; Melli, Luciano J; Elena, Sebastián; Corbera, Natalia; Romero, Juan E; Nicola, Ana M; Ugalde, Juan E; Comerci, Diego J; Ciocchini, Andrés E

    2017-09-01

    Brucellosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by Brucella spp. Brucella canis is the etiological agent of canine brucellosis, a disease that can lead to sterility in bitches and dogs causing important economic losses in breeding kennels. Early and accurate diagnosis of canine brucellosis is central to control the disease and lower the risk of transmission to humans. Here, we develop and validate enzyme and lateral flow immunoassays for improved serodiagnosis of canine brucellosis using as antigen the B. canis rough lipopolysaccharide (rLPS). The method used to obtain the rLPS allowed us to produce more homogeneous batches of the antigen that facilitated the standardization of the assays. To validate the assays, 284 serum samples obtained from naturally infected dogs and healthy animals were analyzed. For the B. canis-iELISA and B. canis-LFIA the diagnostic sensitivity was of 98.6%, and the specificity 99.5% and 100%, respectively. We propose the implementation of the B. canis-LFIA as a screening test in combination with the highly accurate laboratory g-iELISA. The B. canis-LFIA is a rapid, accurate and easy to use test, characteristics that make it ideal for the serological surveillance of canine brucellosis in the field or veterinary laboratories. Finally, a blind study including 1040 serum samples obtained from urban dogs showed a prevalence higher than 5% highlighting the need of new diagnostic tools for a more effective control of the disease in dogs and therefore to reduce the risk of transmission of this zoonotic pathogen to humans. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  1. Lung tumor diagnosis and subtype discovery by gene expression profiling.

    PubMed

    Wang, Lu-yong; Tu, Zhuowen

    2006-01-01

    The optimal treatment of patients with complex diseases, such as cancers, depends on the accurate diagnosis by using a combination of clinical and histopathological data. In many scenarios, it becomes tremendously difficult because of the limitations in clinical presentation and histopathology. To accurate diagnose complex diseases, the molecular classification based on gene or protein expression profiles are indispensable for modern medicine. Moreover, many heterogeneous diseases consist of various potential subtypes in molecular basis and differ remarkably in their response to therapies. It is critical to accurate predict subgroup on disease gene expression profiles. More fundamental knowledge of the molecular basis and classification of disease could aid in the prediction of patient outcome, the informed selection of therapies, and identification of novel molecular targets for therapy. In this paper, we propose a new disease diagnostic method, probabilistic boosting tree (PB tree) method, on gene expression profiles of lung tumors. It enables accurate disease classification and subtype discovery in disease. It automatically constructs a tree in which each node combines a number of weak classifiers into a strong classifier. Also, subtype discovery is naturally embedded in the learning process. Our algorithm achieves excellent diagnostic performance, and meanwhile it is capable of detecting the disease subtype based on gene expression profile.

  2. Design of a Program for Expert Diagnosis of Acid Base and Electrolyte Disturbances,

    DTIC Science & Technology

    1979-05-01

    PIP) is a frame based [23) program for taking the present illnrvc irs the doina in of renal diseases. The PIP data base is implemented using disease...I- AD—A 078 ‘+13 MASSACHUSETTS INST OF TECH CAMBRIDGE LAB FOR COMPUTE—ETC F/B 6/5 DESIGN OF A PROGRA M FOR EXPERT DIAGNOSIS OF ACID BASE AND ELECT...132 / D ~~ C DEC -‘ç 1979 DESIGN OF A PROGRAN FOR EXPERT DIAGNOSIS OF ACID BASE MID ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCES ~979 Ratuesh S. Path LIBRA Rya- 4

  3. Heartbeat-based error diagnosis framework for distributed embedded systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mishra, Swagat; Khilar, Pabitra Mohan

    2012-01-01

    Distributed Embedded Systems have significant applications in automobile industry as steer-by-wire, fly-by-wire and brake-by-wire systems. In this paper, we provide a general framework for fault detection in a distributed embedded real time system. We use heartbeat monitoring, check pointing and model based redundancy to design a scalable framework that takes care of task scheduling, temperature control and diagnosis of faulty nodes in a distributed embedded system. This helps in diagnosis and shutting down of faulty actuators before the system becomes unsafe. The framework is designed and tested using a new simulation model consisting of virtual nodes working on a message passing system.

  4. Heartbeat-based error diagnosis framework for distributed embedded systems

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Mishra, Swagat; Khilar, Pabitra Mohan

    2011-12-01

    Distributed Embedded Systems have significant applications in automobile industry as steer-by-wire, fly-by-wire and brake-by-wire systems. In this paper, we provide a general framework for fault detection in a distributed embedded real time system. We use heartbeat monitoring, check pointing and model based redundancy to design a scalable framework that takes care of task scheduling, temperature control and diagnosis of faulty nodes in a distributed embedded system. This helps in diagnosis and shutting down of faulty actuators before the system becomes unsafe. The framework is designed and tested using a new simulation model consisting of virtual nodes working on a message passing system.

  5. Using the Johns Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs) to predict 1-year mortality in population-based cohorts of patients with diabetes in Ontario, Canada.

    PubMed

    Austin, P C; Shah, B R; Newman, A; Anderson, G M

    2012-09-01

    There are limited validated methods to ascertain comorbidities for risk adjustment in ambulatory populations of patients with diabetes using administrative health-care databases. The objective was to examine the ability of the Johns Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Groups to predict mortality in population-based ambulatory samples of both incident and prevalent subjects with diabetes. Retrospective cohorts constructed using population-based administrative data. The incident cohort consisted of all 346,297 subjects diagnosed with diabetes between 1 April 2004 and 31 March 2008. The prevalent cohort consisted of all 879,849 subjects with pre-existing diabetes on 1 January, 2007. The outcome was death within 1 year of the subject's index date. A logistic regression model consisting of age, sex and indicator variables for 22 of the 32 Johns Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Group categories had excellent discrimination for predicting mortality in incident diabetes patients: the c-statistic was 0.87 in an independent validation sample. A similar model had excellent discrimination for predicting mortality in prevalent diabetes patients: the c-statistic was 0.84 in an independent validation sample. Both models demonstrated very good calibration, denoting good agreement between observed and predicted mortality across the range of predicted mortality in which the large majority of subjects lay. For comparative purposes, regression models incorporating the Charlson comorbidity index, age and sex, age and sex, and age alone had poorer discrimination than the model that incorporated the Johns Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Groups. Logistical regression models using age, sex and the John Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Groups were able to accurately predict 1-year mortality in population-based samples of patients with diabetes. © 2011 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine © 2011 Diabetes UK.

  6. NNLOPS accurate associated HW production

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Astill, William; Bizon, Wojciech; Re, Emanuele; Zanderighi, Giulia

    2016-06-01

    We present a next-to-next-to-leading order accurate description of associated HW production consistently matched to a parton shower. The method is based on reweighting events obtained with the HW plus one jet NLO accurate calculation implemented in POWHEG, extended with the MiNLO procedure, to reproduce NNLO accurate Born distributions. Since the Born kinematics is more complex than the cases treated before, we use a parametrization of the Collins-Soper angles to reduce the number of variables required for the reweighting. We present phenomenological results at 13 TeV, with cuts suggested by the Higgs Cross section Working Group.

  7. Product quality management based on CNC machine fault prognostics and diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kozlov, A. M.; Al-jonid, Kh M.; Kozlov, A. A.; Antar, Sh D.

    2018-03-01

    This paper presents a new fault classification model and an integrated approach to fault diagnosis which involves the combination of ideas of Neuro-fuzzy Networks (NF), Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBN) and Particle Filtering (PF) algorithm on a single platform. In the new model, faults are categorized in two aspects, namely first and second degree faults. First degree faults are instantaneous in nature, and second degree faults are evolutional and appear as a developing phenomenon which starts from the initial stage, goes through the development stage and finally ends at the mature stage. These categories of faults have a lifetime which is inversely proportional to a machine tool's life according to the modified version of Taylor’s equation. For fault diagnosis, this framework consists of two phases: the first one is focusing on fault prognosis, which is done online, and the second one is concerned with fault diagnosis which depends on both off-line and on-line modules. In the first phase, a neuro-fuzzy predictor is used to take a decision on whether to embark Conditional Based Maintenance (CBM) or fault diagnosis based on the severity of a fault. The second phase only comes into action when an evolving fault goes beyond a critical threshold limit called a CBM limit for a command to be issued for fault diagnosis. During this phase, DBN and PF techniques are used as an intelligent fault diagnosis system to determine the severity, time and location of the fault. The feasibility of this approach was tested in a simulation environment using the CNC machine as a case study and the results were studied and analyzed.

  8. Accurate Mobile Urban Mapping via Digital Map-Based SLAM †

    PubMed Central

    Roh, Hyunchul; Jeong, Jinyong; Cho, Younggun; Kim, Ayoung

    2016-01-01

    This paper presents accurate urban map generation using digital map-based Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM). Throughout this work, our main objective is generating a 3D and lane map aiming for sub-meter accuracy. In conventional mapping approaches, achieving extremely high accuracy was performed by either (i) exploiting costly airborne sensors or (ii) surveying with a static mapping system in a stationary platform. Mobile scanning systems recently have gathered popularity but are mostly limited by the availability of the Global Positioning System (GPS). We focus on the fact that the availability of GPS and urban structures are both sporadic but complementary. By modeling both GPS and digital map data as measurements and integrating them with other sensor measurements, we leverage SLAM for an accurate mobile mapping system. Our proposed algorithm generates an efficient graph SLAM and achieves a framework running in real-time and targeting sub-meter accuracy with a mobile platform. Integrated with the SLAM framework, we implement a motion-adaptive model for the Inverse Perspective Mapping (IPM). Using motion estimation derived from SLAM, the experimental results show that the proposed approaches provide stable bird’s-eye view images, even with significant motion during the drive. Our real-time map generation framework is validated via a long-distance urban test and evaluated at randomly sampled points using Real-Time Kinematic (RTK)-GPS. PMID:27548175

  9. Pathology reporting of malignant pleural mesothelioma first diagnosis: A population-based approach.

    PubMed

    Ascoli, Valeria; Minelli, Giada; Cozzi, Ilaria; Romeo, Elisa; Carnovale Scalzo, Caterina; Ancona, Laura; Forastiere, Francesco

    2016-10-01

    Accurate pathologic diagnosis and reporting in malignant pleural mesothelioma are essential for clinical care, and cancer registration. Practical guidelines for pathologists are provided in publications and textbooks but it is unclear how these recommendations are applied in routine practice. We investigated the characteristics of pathology reports, and the extent to which they meet guideline standards. We reviewed 819 pathology reports relating to a first diagnosis of malignant pleural mesothelioma. Data sources were a regional section of the Italian network of the Mesothelioma Registry (2001-2014) and a pathology archive (1990-2000). We evaluated tumor characteristics, the diagnosis field including terminology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) workup, and report completeness (the proportion of items recorded). We investigated also two IHC panels identified by the most used markers in current practical guidelines, one best suited for epithelioid mesotheliomas (combinations of at least 2 positive and at least 2 negative mesothelioma markers) and the other best suited for sarcomatoid mesotheliomas (positive mesothelioma markers plus cytokeratins). Reports (753 histology, 66 cytology, IHC-confirmed 86%) were 74% complete and always narrative. Missing data were related to clinical history (76%), tumor laterality (61%), specimen size (38%), and histological subtype (23%). The proportion of cases with IHC was higher for epithelioid (90%) than sarcomatoid mesothelioma (87%). Compliance to IHC recommendations was higher for epithelioid (59%) than sarcomatoid mesothelioma (11%). The mean number of stains was significantly higher for sarcomatoid than epithelioid mesothelioma (p<0.000; Kruskal-Wallis test). Our findings show that although guidelines are designed to improve actual reporting practices, there is ample room for improvement in their application to standardize the diagnosis of mesothelioma. Synoptic pathology reporting needs to be implemented to better utilize

  10. Diagnosing Students' Mental Models via the Web-Based Mental Models Diagnosis System

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Wang, Tzu-Hua; Chiu, Mei-Hung; Lin, Jing-Wen; Chou, Chin-Cheng

    2013-01-01

    Mental models play an important role in science education research. To extend the effectiveness of conceptual change research and to improve mental model identi?cation and diagnosis, the authors developed and tested the Web-Based Mental Models Diagnosis (WMMD) system. In this article, they describe their WMMD system, which goes beyond the…

  11. Accurate mask-based spatially regularized correlation filter for visual tracking

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gu, Xiaodong; Xu, Xinping

    2017-01-01

    Recently, discriminative correlation filter (DCF)-based trackers have achieved extremely successful results in many competitions and benchmarks. These methods utilize a periodic assumption of the training samples to efficiently learn a classifier. However, this assumption will produce unwanted boundary effects, which severely degrade the tracking performance. Correlation filters with limited boundaries and spatially regularized DCFs were proposed to reduce boundary effects. However, their methods used the fixed mask or predesigned weights function, respectively, which was unsuitable for large appearance variation. We propose an accurate mask-based spatially regularized correlation filter for visual tracking. Our augmented objective can reduce the boundary effect even in large appearance variation. In our algorithm, the masking matrix is converted into the regularized function that acts on the correlation filter in frequency domain, which makes the algorithm fast convergence. Our online tracking algorithm performs favorably against state-of-the-art trackers on OTB-2015 Benchmark in terms of efficiency, accuracy, and robustness.

  12. Superpixel-based graph cuts for accurate stereo matching

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Feng, Liting; Qin, Kaihuai

    2017-06-01

    Estimating the surface normal vector and disparity of a pixel simultaneously, also known as three-dimensional label method, has been widely used in recent continuous stereo matching problem to achieve sub-pixel accuracy. However, due to the infinite label space, it’s extremely hard to assign each pixel an appropriate label. In this paper, we present an accurate and efficient algorithm, integrating patchmatch with graph cuts, to approach this critical computational problem. Besides, to get robust and precise matching cost, we use a convolutional neural network to learn a similarity measure on small image patches. Compared with other MRF related methods, our method has several advantages: its sub-modular property ensures a sub-problem optimality which is easy to perform in parallel; graph cuts can simultaneously update multiple pixels, avoiding local minima caused by sequential optimizers like belief propagation; it uses segmentation results for better local expansion move; local propagation and randomization can easily generate the initial solution without using external methods. Middlebury experiments show that our method can get higher accuracy than other MRF-based algorithms.

  13. Accurate diagnosis of myalgic encephalomyelitis and chronic fatigue syndrome based upon objective test methods for characteristic symptoms

    PubMed Central

    Twisk, Frank NM

    2015-01-01

    Although myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) are considered to be synonymous, the definitional criteria for ME and CFS define two distinct, partially overlapping, clinical entities. ME, whether defined by the original criteria or by the recently proposed criteria, is not equivalent to CFS, let alone a severe variant of incapacitating chronic fatigue. Distinctive features of ME are: muscle weakness and easy muscle fatigability, cognitive impairment, circulatory deficits, a marked variability of the symptoms in presence and severity, but above all, post-exertional “malaise”: a (delayed) prolonged aggravation of symptoms after a minor exertion. In contrast, CFS is primarily defined by (unexplained) chronic fatigue, which should be accompanied by four out of a list of 8 symptoms, e.g., headaches. Due to the subjective nature of several symptoms of ME and CFS, researchers and clinicians have questioned the physiological origin of these symptoms and qualified ME and CFS as functional somatic syndromes. However, various characteristic symptoms, e.g., post-exertional “malaise” and muscle weakness, can be assessed objectively using well-accepted methods, e.g., cardiopulmonary exercise tests and cognitive tests. The objective measures acquired by these methods should be used to accurately diagnose patients, to evaluate the severity and impact of the illness objectively and to assess the positive and negative effects of proposed therapies impartially. PMID:26140274

  14. Nanotechnology-Based Detection of Novel microRNAs for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer

    DTIC Science & Technology

    2017-08-01

    AWARD NUMBER: W81XWH-15-1-0157 TITLE: Nanotechnology -Based Detection of Novel microRNAs for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer PRINCIPAL...TITLE AND SUBTITLE Nanotechnology -Based Detection of Novel microRNAs for Early Diagnosis of Prostate Cancer 5a. CONTRACT NUMBER 5b. GRANT NUMBER...identify novel differentially expressed miRNAs in the body fluids (blood, urine, etc.) for an early detection of PCa. Advances in nanotechnology and

  15. Fault diagnosis method based on FFT-RPCA-SVM for Cascaded-Multilevel Inverter.

    PubMed

    Wang, Tianzhen; Qi, Jie; Xu, Hao; Wang, Yide; Liu, Lei; Gao, Diju

    2016-01-01

    Thanks to reduced switch stress, high quality of load wave, easy packaging and good extensibility, the cascaded H-bridge multilevel inverter is widely used in wind power system. To guarantee stable operation of system, a new fault diagnosis method, based on Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Relative Principle Component Analysis (RPCA) and Support Vector Machine (SVM), is proposed for H-bridge multilevel inverter. To avoid the influence of load variation on fault diagnosis, the output voltages of the inverter is chosen as the fault characteristic signals. To shorten the time of diagnosis and improve the diagnostic accuracy, the main features of the fault characteristic signals are extracted by FFT. To further reduce the training time of SVM, the feature vector is reduced based on RPCA that can get a lower dimensional feature space. The fault classifier is constructed via SVM. An experimental prototype of the inverter is built to test the proposed method. Compared to other fault diagnosis methods, the experimental results demonstrate the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method. Copyright © 2015 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  16. Fast and accurate grid representations for atom-based docking with partner flexibility.

    PubMed

    de Vries, Sjoerd J; Zacharias, Martin

    2017-06-30

    Macromolecular docking methods can broadly be divided into geometric and atom-based methods. Geometric methods use fast algorithms that operate on simplified, grid-like molecular representations, while atom-based methods are more realistic and flexible, but far less efficient. Here, a hybrid approach of grid-based and atom-based docking is presented, combining precalculated grid potentials with neighbor lists for fast and accurate calculation of atom-based intermolecular energies and forces. The grid representation is compatible with simultaneous multibody docking and can tolerate considerable protein flexibility. When implemented in our docking method ATTRACT, grid-based docking was found to be ∼35x faster. With the OPLSX forcefield instead of the ATTRACT coarse-grained forcefield, the average speed improvement was >100x. Grid-based representations may allow atom-based docking methods to explore large conformational spaces with many degrees of freedom, such as multiple macromolecules including flexibility. This increases the domain of biological problems to which docking methods can be applied. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

  17. Accurate modeling of switched reluctance machine based on hybrid trained WNN

    DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

    Song, Shoujun, E-mail: sunnyway@nwpu.edu.cn; Ge, Lefei; Ma, Shaojie

    2014-04-15

    According to the strong nonlinear electromagnetic characteristics of switched reluctance machine (SRM), a novel accurate modeling method is proposed based on hybrid trained wavelet neural network (WNN) which combines improved genetic algorithm (GA) with gradient descent (GD) method to train the network. In the novel method, WNN is trained by GD method based on the initial weights obtained per improved GA optimization, and the global parallel searching capability of stochastic algorithm and local convergence speed of deterministic algorithm are combined to enhance the training accuracy, stability and speed. Based on the measured electromagnetic characteristics of a 3-phase 12/8-pole SRM, themore » nonlinear simulation model is built by hybrid trained WNN in Matlab. The phase current and mechanical characteristics from simulation under different working conditions meet well with those from experiments, which indicates the accuracy of the model for dynamic and static performance evaluation of SRM and verifies the effectiveness of the proposed modeling method.« less

  18. Computer-Based Image Analysis for Plus Disease Diagnosis in Retinopathy of Prematurity

    PubMed Central

    Wittenberg, Leah A.; Jonsson, Nina J.; Chan, RV Paul; Chiang, Michael F.

    2014-01-01

    Presence of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is an important criterion for identifying treatment-requiring ROP. Plus disease is defined by a standard published photograph selected over 20 years ago by expert consensus. However, diagnosis of plus disease has been shown to be subjective and qualitative. Computer-based image analysis, using quantitative methods, has potential to improve the objectivity of plus disease diagnosis. The objective was to review the published literature involving computer-based image analysis for ROP diagnosis. The PubMed and Cochrane library databases were searched for the keywords “retinopathy of prematurity” AND “image analysis” AND/OR “plus disease.” Reference lists of retrieved articles were searched to identify additional relevant studies. All relevant English-language studies were reviewed. There are four main computer-based systems, ROPtool (AU ROC curve, plus tortuosity 0.95, plus dilation 0.87), RISA (AU ROC curve, arteriolar TI 0.71, venular diameter 0.82), Vessel Map (AU ROC curve, arteriolar dilation 0.75, venular dilation 0.96), and CAIAR (AU ROC curve, arteriole tortuosity 0.92, venular dilation 0.91), attempting to objectively analyze vessel tortuosity and dilation in plus disease in ROP. Some of them show promise for identification of plus disease using quantitative methods. This has potential to improve the diagnosis of plus disease, and may contribute to the management of ROP using both traditional binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy and image-based telemedicine approaches. PMID:21366159

  19. Communication issues in migraine diagnosis.

    PubMed

    Edmeads, John

    2002-06-01

    To examine the importance of good communication when informing the patient of the diagnosis of migraine; to review the essentials of successful communication between physician and patient on the aspect of diagnosis; to survey learning resources for physicians on communicating information to patients. This paper is based on observations made by the author of the successful interactions of numerous international "headache experts" with their patients, on a review of the medical education literature pertaining to the teaching of communication skills, and on 30 years of not always successful communication with patients. Communicating the diagnosis of migraine is an opportunity to educate and reassure the patient, to lay the foundation for rational treatment and to help establish the successful doctor-patient relationship which is essential for effective management. No matter how accurate the diagnosis, failure to communicate it effectively to the patient (and often to significant others) may impair interactions with the patient and compromise therapy. Effective communication of a diagnosis requires clarity, relevance to the patient, a positive attitude, and reinforcement through repetition, questioning and dialogue. In terms of using the diagnosis to lay a foundation for therapy, it is useful to explain the symptoms as transient physical dysfunction of normal tissues, to indicate that there are multiple mechanisms underlying the dysfunction of which only some may presently be susceptible to treatment and to stress the relevance of emotions as factors which may powerfully affect, for better or worse, the underlying disturbed physiology of migraine. Into this model can be "plugged" all the relevant therapies for migraine. This is the ideal, but every day experience in the headache consultant's office suggest that in both primary care and specialist practice, it is infrequently attained. There are scant resources other than example for physicians to learn communication of

  20. Citrate-based fluorescent materials for low-cost chloride sensing in the diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis.

    PubMed

    Kim, Jimin P; Xie, Zhiwei; Creer, Michael; Liu, Zhiwen; Yang, Jian

    2017-01-01

    Chloride is an essential electrolyte that maintains homeostasis within the body, where abnormal chloride levels in biological fluids may indicate various diseases such as Cystic Fibrosis. However, current analytical solutions for chloride detection fail to meet the clinical needs of both high performance and low material or labor costs, hindering translation into clinical settings. Here we present a new class of fluorescence chloride sensors derived from a facile citrate -based synthesis platform that utilize dynamic quenching mechanisms. Based on this low-cost platform, we demonstrate for the first time a selective sensing strategy that uses a single fluorophore to detect multiple halides simultaneously, promising both selectivity and automation to improve performance and reduce labor costs. We also demonstrate the clinical utility of citrate-based sensors as a new sweat chloride test method for the diagnosis of Cystic Fibrosis by performing analytical validation with sweat controls and clinical validation with sweat from individuals with or without Cystic Fibrosis. Lastly, molecular modeling studies reveal the structural mechanism behind chloride sensing, serving to expand this class of fluorescence sensors with improved chloride sensitivities. Thus citrate-based fluorescent materials may enable low-cost, automated multi-analysis systems for simpler, yet accurate, point-of-care diagnostics that can be readily translated into clinical settings. More broadly, a wide range of medical, industrial, and environmental applications can be achieved with such a facile synthesis platform, demonstrated in our citrate-based biodegradable polymers with intrinsic fluorescence sensing.

  1. Multi-threshold white matter structural networks fusion for accurate diagnosis of Tourette syndrome children

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wen, Hongwei; Liu, Yue; Wang, Shengpei; Li, Zuoyong; Zhang, Jishui; Peng, Yun; He, Huiguang

    2017-03-01

    Tourette syndrome (TS) is a childhood-onset neurobehavioral disorder. To date, TS is still misdiagnosed due to its varied presentation and lacking of obvious clinical symptoms. Therefore, studies of objective imaging biomarkers are of great importance for early TS diagnosis. As tic generation has been linked to disturbed structural networks, and many efforts have been made recently to investigate brain functional or structural networks using machine learning methods, for the purpose of disease diagnosis. However, few studies were related to TS and some drawbacks still existed in them. Therefore, we propose a novel classification framework integrating a multi-threshold strategy and a network fusion scheme to address the preexisting drawbacks. Here we used diffusion MRI probabilistic tractography to construct the structural networks of 44 TS children and 48 healthy children. We ameliorated the similarity network fusion algorithm specially to fuse the multi-threshold structural networks. Graph theoretical analysis was then implemented, and nodal degree, nodal efficiency and nodal betweenness centrality were selected as features. Finally, support vector machine recursive feature extraction (SVM-RFE) algorithm was used for feature selection, and then optimal features are fed into SVM to automatically discriminate TS children from controls. We achieved a high accuracy of 89.13% evaluated by a nested cross validation, demonstrated the superior performance of our framework over other comparison methods. The involved discriminative regions for classification primarily located in the basal ganglia and frontal cortico-cortical networks, all highly related to the pathology of TS. Together, our study may provide potential neuroimaging biomarkers for early-stage TS diagnosis.

  2. The mortality risk score and the ADG score: two points-based scoring systems for the Johns Hopkins aggregated diagnosis groups to predict mortality in a general adult population cohort in Ontario, Canada.

    PubMed

    Austin, Peter C; Walraven, Carl van

    2011-10-01

    Logistic regression models that incorporated age, sex, and indicator variables for the Johns Hopkins' Aggregated Diagnosis Groups (ADGs) categories have been shown to accurately predict all-cause mortality in adults. To develop 2 different point-scoring systems using the ADGs. The Mortality Risk Score (MRS) collapses age, sex, and the ADGs to a single summary score that predicts the annual risk of all-cause death in adults. The ADG Score derives weights for the individual ADG diagnosis groups. : Retrospective cohort constructed using population-based administrative data. All 10,498,413 residents of Ontario, Canada, between the age of 20 and 100 years who were alive on their birthday in 2007, participated in this study. Participants were randomly divided into derivation and validation samples. : Death within 1 year. In the derivation cohort, the MRS ranged from -21 to 139 (median value 29, IQR 17 to 44). In the validation group, a logistic regression model with the MRS as the sole predictor significantly predicted the risk of 1-year mortality with a c-statistic of 0.917. A regression model with age, sex, and the ADG Score has similar performance. Both methods accurately predicted the risk of 1-year mortality across the 20 vigintiles of risk. The MRS combined values for a person's age, sex, and the John Hopkins ADGs to accurately predict 1-year mortality in adults. The ADG Score is a weighted score representing the presence or absence of the 32 ADG diagnosis groups. These scores will facilitate health services researchers conducting risk adjustment using administrative health care databases.

  3. New Perspectives on the Diagnosis of Allergy to Anisakis spp.

    PubMed

    Moneo, Ignacio; Carballeda-Sangiao, Noelia; González-Muñoz, Miguel

    2017-05-01

    To compare the prevalence of sensitization in different countries based on specific IgE values and to evaluate the use of isolated native or recombinant allergens for diagnosis. Isolated allergens help in the diagnosis of truly sensitized patients avoiding false positives due to cross-reactions. Their use is therefore highly recommended, especially when used as a combination of several relevant allergens. The use of purified allergens allows an accurate diagnosis and this has led to three important findings: (1) in addition to the digestive route of sensitization, occupational and non-digestive exposure seems to be clinically relevant. (2) The parasite appears as an important agent for chronic urticaria. And (3) in endemic countries, the amount of highly sensitized subjects in the general population could be as high as 7%. Adequate information to asymptomatic patients on fish consumption habits would avoid new contacts with parasite allergens and decrease their specific IgE levels and consequently the appearance of acute or chronic episodes induced by the parasite.

  4. Intelligent Case Based Decision Support System for Online Diagnosis of Automated Production System

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ben Rabah, N.; Saddem, R.; Ben Hmida, F.; Carre-Menetrier, V.; Tagina, M.

    2017-01-01

    Diagnosis of Automated Production System (APS) is a decision-making process designed to detect, locate and identify a particular failure caused by the control law. In the literature, there are three major types of reasoning for industrial diagnosis: the first is model-based, the second is rule-based and the third is case-based. The common and major limitation of the first and the second reasonings is that they do not have automated learning ability. This paper presents an interactive and effective Case Based Decision Support System for online Diagnosis (CB-DSSD) of an APS. It offers a synergy between the Case Based Reasoning (CBR) and the Decision Support System (DSS) in order to support and assist Human Operator of Supervision (HOS) in his/her decision process. Indeed, the experimental evaluation performed on an Interactive Training System for PLC (ITS PLC) that allows the control of a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC), simulating sensors or/and actuators failures and validating the control algorithm through a real time interactive experience, showed the efficiency of our approach.

  5. Accurate and computationally efficient prediction of thermochemical properties of biomolecules using the generalized connectivity-based hierarchy.

    PubMed

    Sengupta, Arkajyoti; Ramabhadran, Raghunath O; Raghavachari, Krishnan

    2014-08-14

    In this study we have used the connectivity-based hierarchy (CBH) method to derive accurate heats of formation of a range of biomolecules, 18 amino acids and 10 barbituric acid/uracil derivatives. The hierarchy is based on the connectivity of the different atoms in a large molecule. It results in error-cancellation reaction schemes that are automated, general, and can be readily used for a broad range of organic molecules and biomolecules. Herein, we first locate stable conformational and tautomeric forms of these biomolecules using an accurate level of theory (viz. CCSD(T)/6-311++G(3df,2p)). Subsequently, the heats of formation of the amino acids are evaluated using the CBH-1 and CBH-2 schemes and routinely employed density functionals or wave function-based methods. The calculated heats of formation obtained herein using modest levels of theory and are in very good agreement with those obtained using more expensive W1-F12 and W2-F12 methods on amino acids and G3 results on barbituric acid derivatives. Overall, the present study (a) highlights the small effect of including multiple conformers in determining the heats of formation of biomolecules and (b) in concurrence with previous CBH studies, proves that use of the more effective error-cancelling isoatomic scheme (CBH-2) results in more accurate heats of formation with modestly sized basis sets along with common density functionals or wave function-based methods.

  6. Automatic small bowel tumor diagnosis by using multi-scale wavelet-based analysis in wireless capsule endoscopy images.

    PubMed

    Barbosa, Daniel C; Roupar, Dalila B; Ramos, Jaime C; Tavares, Adriano C; Lima, Carlos S

    2012-01-11

    Wireless capsule endoscopy has been introduced as an innovative, non-invasive diagnostic technique for evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract, reaching places where conventional endoscopy is unable to. However, the output of this technique is an 8 hours video, whose analysis by the expert physician is very time consuming. Thus, a computer assisted diagnosis tool to help the physicians to evaluate CE exams faster and more accurately is an important technical challenge and an excellent economical opportunity. The set of features proposed in this paper to code textural information is based on statistical modeling of second order textural measures extracted from co-occurrence matrices. To cope with both joint and marginal non-Gaussianity of second order textural measures, higher order moments are used. These statistical moments are taken from the two-dimensional color-scale feature space, where two different scales are considered. Second and higher order moments of textural measures are computed from the co-occurrence matrices computed from images synthesized by the inverse wavelet transform of the wavelet transform containing only the selected scales for the three color channels. The dimensionality of the data is reduced by using Principal Component Analysis. The proposed textural features are then used as the input of a classifier based on artificial neural networks. Classification performances of 93.1% specificity and 93.9% sensitivity are achieved on real data. These promising results open the path towards a deeper study regarding the applicability of this algorithm in computer aided diagnosis systems to assist physicians in their clinical practice.

  7. Accurate recapture identification for genetic mark–recapture studies with error-tolerant likelihood-based match calling and sample clustering

    USGS Publications Warehouse

    Sethi, Suresh; Linden, Daniel; Wenburg, John; Lewis, Cara; Lemons, Patrick R.; Fuller, Angela K.; Hare, Matthew P.

    2016-01-01

    Error-tolerant likelihood-based match calling presents a promising technique to accurately identify recapture events in genetic mark–recapture studies by combining probabilities of latent genotypes and probabilities of observed genotypes, which may contain genotyping errors. Combined with clustering algorithms to group samples into sets of recaptures based upon pairwise match calls, these tools can be used to reconstruct accurate capture histories for mark–recapture modelling. Here, we assess the performance of a recently introduced error-tolerant likelihood-based match-calling model and sample clustering algorithm for genetic mark–recapture studies. We assessed both biallelic (i.e. single nucleotide polymorphisms; SNP) and multiallelic (i.e. microsatellite; MSAT) markers using a combination of simulation analyses and case study data on Pacific walrus (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) and fishers (Pekania pennanti). A novel two-stage clustering approach is demonstrated for genetic mark–recapture applications. First, repeat captures within a sampling occasion are identified. Subsequently, recaptures across sampling occasions are identified. The likelihood-based matching protocol performed well in simulation trials, demonstrating utility for use in a wide range of genetic mark–recapture studies. Moderately sized SNP (64+) and MSAT (10–15) panels produced accurate match calls for recaptures and accurate non-match calls for samples from closely related individuals in the face of low to moderate genotyping error. Furthermore, matching performance remained stable or increased as the number of genetic markers increased, genotyping error notwithstanding.

  8. Profitable capitation requires accurate costing.

    PubMed

    West, D A; Hicks, L L; Balas, E A; West, T D

    1996-01-01

    In the name of costing accuracy, nurses are asked to track inventory use on per treatment basis when more significant costs, such as general overhead and nursing salaries, are usually allocated to patients or treatments on an average cost basis. Accurate treatment costing and financial viability require analysis of all resources actually consumed in treatment delivery, including nursing services and inventory. More precise costing information enables more profitable decisions as is demonstrated by comparing the ratio-of-cost-to-treatment method (aggregate costing) with alternative activity-based costing methods (ABC). Nurses must participate in this costing process to assure that capitation bids are based upon accurate costs rather than simple averages.

  9. Evidence-Based Diagnosis: Incorporating Diagnostic Instruments into Clinical Practice

    ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

    Doss, Amanda Jensen

    2005-01-01

    This article is intended to serve as a practical guide for practitioners interested in incorporating evidence-based diagnosis (EBD) instruments into their clinical practices to refine the diagnostic process. Three measures are used to illustrate this process, the DISC-IV (Shaffer et al., 2000), the Schedule for Affective Disorders and…

  10. Diagnosis of multiple system atrophy.

    PubMed

    Palma, Jose-Alberto; Norcliffe-Kaufmann, Lucy; Kaufmann, Horacio

    2018-05-01

    Multiple system atrophy (MSA) may be difficult to distinguish clinically from other disorders, particularly in the early stages of the disease. An autonomic-only presentation can be indistinguishable from pure autonomic failure. Patients presenting with parkinsonism may be misdiagnosed as having Parkinson disease. Patients presenting with the cerebellar phenotype of MSA can mimic other adult-onset ataxias due to alcohol, chemotherapeutic agents, lead, lithium, and toluene, or vitamin E deficiency, as well as paraneoplastic, autoimmune, or genetic ataxias. A careful medical history and meticulous neurological examination remain the cornerstone for the accurate diagnosis of MSA. Ancillary investigations are helpful to support the diagnosis, rule out potential mimics, and define therapeutic strategies. This review summarizes diagnostic investigations useful in the differential diagnosis of patients with suspected MSA. Currently used techniques include structural and functional brain imaging, cardiac sympathetic imaging, cardiovascular autonomic testing, olfactory testing, sleep study, urological evaluation, and dysphagia and cognitive assessments. Despite advances in the diagnostic tools for MSA in recent years and the availability of consensus criteria for clinical diagnosis, the diagnostic accuracy of MSA remains sub-optimal. As other diagnostic tools emerge, including skin biopsy, retinal biomarkers, blood and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers, and advanced genetic testing, a more accurate and earlier recognition of MSA should be possible, even in the prodromal stages. This has important implications as misdiagnosis can result in inappropriate treatment, patient and family distress, and erroneous eligibility for clinical trials of disease-modifying drugs. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  11. The Realization of Drilling Fault Diagnosis Based on Hybrid Programming with Matlab and VB

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wang, Jiangping; Hu, Yingcai

    This paper presents a method using hybrid programming with Matlab and VB based on ActiveX to design the system of drilling accident prediction and diagnosis. So that the powerful calculating function and graphical display function of Matlab and visual development interface of VB are combined fully. The main interface of the diagnosis system is compiled in VB,and the analysis and fault diagnosis are implemented by neural network tool boxes in Matlab.The system has favorable interactive interface,and the fault example validation shows that the diagnosis result is feasible and can meet the demands of drilling accident prediction and diagnosis.

  12. CoDE-seq, an augmented whole-exome sequencing, enables the accurate detection of CNVs and mutations in Mendelian obesity and intellectual disability.

    PubMed

    Montagne, Louise; Derhourhi, Mehdi; Piton, Amélie; Toussaint, Bénédicte; Durand, Emmanuelle; Vaillant, Emmanuel; Thuillier, Dorothée; Gaget, Stefan; De Graeve, Franck; Rabearivelo, Iandry; Lansiaux, Amélie; Lenne, Bruno; Sukno, Sylvie; Desailloud, Rachel; Cnop, Miriam; Nicolescu, Ramona; Cohen, Lior; Zagury, Jean-François; Amouyal, Mélanie; Weill, Jacques; Muller, Jean; Sand, Olivier; Delobel, Bruno; Froguel, Philippe; Bonnefond, Amélie

    2018-05-16

    The molecular diagnosis of extreme forms of obesity, in which accurate detection of both copy number variations (CNVs) and point mutations, is crucial for an optimal care of the patients and genetic counseling for their families. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) has benefited considerably this molecular diagnosis, but its poor ability to detect CNVs remains a major limitation. We aimed to develop a method (CoDE-seq) enabling the accurate detection of both CNVs and point mutations in one step. CoDE-seq is based on an augmented WES method, using probes distributed uniformly throughout the genome. CoDE-seq was validated in 40 patients for whom chromosomal DNA microarray was available. CNVs and mutations were assessed in 82 children/young adults with suspected Mendelian obesity and/or intellectual disability and in their parents when available (n total  = 145). CoDE-seq not only detected all of the 97 CNVs identified by chromosomal DNA microarrays but also found 84 additional CNVs, due to a better resolution. When compared to CoDE-seq and chromosomal DNA microarrays, WES failed to detect 37% and 14% of CNVs, respectively. In the 82 patients, a likely molecular diagnosis was achieved in >30% of the patients. Half of the genetic diagnoses were explained by CNVs while the other half by mutations. CoDE-seq has proven cost-efficient and highly effective as it avoids the sequential genetic screening approaches currently used in clinical practice for the accurate detection of CNVs and point mutations. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.

  13. Accurate Bit Error Rate Calculation for Asynchronous Chaos-Based DS-CDMA over Multipath Channel

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Kaddoum, Georges; Roviras, Daniel; Chargé, Pascal; Fournier-Prunaret, Daniele

    2009-12-01

    An accurate approach to compute the bit error rate expression for multiuser chaosbased DS-CDMA system is presented in this paper. For more realistic communication system a slow fading multipath channel is considered. A simple RAKE receiver structure is considered. Based on the bit energy distribution, this approach compared to others computation methods existing in literature gives accurate results with low computation charge. Perfect estimation of the channel coefficients with the associated delays and chaos synchronization is assumed. The bit error rate is derived in terms of the bit energy distribution, the number of paths, the noise variance, and the number of users. Results are illustrated by theoretical calculations and numerical simulations which point out the accuracy of our approach.

  14. A new hybrid case-based reasoning approach for medical diagnosis systems.

    PubMed

    Sharaf-El-Deen, Dina A; Moawad, Ibrahim F; Khalifa, M E

    2014-02-01

    Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) has been applied in many different medical applications. Due to the complexities and the diversities of this domain, most medical CBR systems become hybrid. Besides, the case adaptation process in CBR is often a challenging issue as it is traditionally carried out manually by domain experts. In this paper, a new hybrid case-based reasoning approach for medical diagnosis systems is proposed to improve the accuracy of the retrieval-only CBR systems. The approach integrates case-based reasoning and rule-based reasoning, and also applies the adaptation process automatically by exploiting adaptation rules. Both adaptation rules and reasoning rules are generated from the case-base. After solving a new case, the case-base is expanded, and both adaptation and reasoning rules are updated. To evaluate the proposed approach, a prototype was implemented and experimented to diagnose breast cancer and thyroid diseases. The final results show that the proposed approach increases the diagnosing accuracy of the retrieval-only CBR systems, and provides a reliable accuracy comparing to the current breast cancer and thyroid diagnosis systems.

  15. Parkinsonian rest tremor can be detected accurately based on neuronal oscillations recorded from the subthalamic nucleus.

    PubMed

    Hirschmann, J; Schoffelen, J M; Schnitzler, A; van Gerven, M A J

    2017-10-01

    To investigate the possibility of tremor detection based on deep brain activity. We re-analyzed recordings of local field potentials (LFPs) from the subthalamic nucleus in 10 PD patients (12 body sides) with spontaneously fluctuating rest tremor. Power in several frequency bands was estimated and used as input to Hidden Markov Models (HMMs) which classified short data segments as either tremor-free rest or rest tremor. HMMs were compared to direct threshold application to individual power features. Applying a threshold directly to band-limited power was insufficient for tremor detection (mean area under the curve [AUC] of receiver operating characteristic: 0.64, STD: 0.19). Multi-feature HMMs, in contrast, allowed for accurate detection (mean AUC: 0.82, STD: 0.15), using four power features obtained from a single contact pair. Within-patient training yielded better accuracy than across-patient training (0.84vs. 0.78, p=0.03), yet tremor could often be detected accurately with either approach. High frequency oscillations (>200Hz) were the best performing individual feature. LFP-based markers of tremor are robust enough to allow for accurate tremor detection in short data segments, provided that appropriate statistical models are used. LFP-based markers of tremor could be useful control signals for closed-loop deep brain stimulation. Copyright © 2017 International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

  16. EyeMIAS: a cloud-based ophthalmic image reading and auxiliary diagnosis system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Wu, Di; Zhao, Heming; Yu, Kai; Chen, Xinjian

    2018-03-01

    Relying solely on ophthalmic equipment is unable to meet the present health needs. It is urgent to find an efficient way to provide a quick screening and early diagnosis on diabetic retinopathy and other ophthalmic diseases. The purpose of this study is to develop a cloud-base system for medical image especially ophthalmic image to store, view and process and accelerate the screening and diagnosis. In this purpose the system with web application, upload client, storage dependency and algorithm support is implemented. After five alpha tests, the system bore the thousands of large traffic access and generated hundreds of reports with diagnosis.

  17. An investigation of the effects of measurement noise in the use of instantaneous angular speed for machine diagnosis

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Gu, Fengshou; Yesilyurt, Isa; Li, Yuhua; Harris, Georgina; Ball, Andrew

    2006-08-01

    In order to discriminate small changes for early fault diagnosis of rotating machines, condition monitoring demands that the measurement of instantaneous angular speed (IAS) of the machines be as accurate as possible. This paper develops the theoretical basis and practical implementation of IAS data acquisition and IAS estimation when noise influence is included. IAS data is modelled as a frequency modulated signal of which the signal-to-noise ratio can be improved by using a high-resolution encoder. From this signal model and analysis, optimal configurations for IAS data collection are addressed for high accuracy IAS measurement. Simultaneously, a method based on analytic signal concept and fast Fourier transform is also developed for efficient and accurate estimation of IAS. Finally, a fault diagnosis is carried out on an electric induction motor driving system using IAS measurement. The diagnosis results show that using a high-resolution encoder and a long data stream can achieve noise reduction by more than 10 dB in the frequency range of interest, validating the model and algorithm developed. Moreover, the results demonstrate that IAS measurement outperforms conventional vibration in diagnosis of incipient faults of motor rotor bar defects and shaft misalignment.

  18. Diagnosis and treatment of simple acid-base disorders.

    PubMed

    Ayers, Phil; Warrington, Laurie

    2008-01-01

    The ability to diagnose and treat acid-base disorders is an important component in the practice of the nutrition support clinician. A complete understanding of the basic principles of metabolic and respiratory disorders allows the practitioner to formulate educated decisions regarding fluids, parenteral nutrition salts, and the management of electrolytes. This review will discuss the diagnosis and treatment of common metabolic and respiratory disorders encountered in nutrition support practice.

  19. Scattering transform and LSPTSVM based fault diagnosis of rotating machinery

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Ma, Shangjun; Cheng, Bo; Shang, Zhaowei; Liu, Geng

    2018-05-01

    This paper proposes an algorithm for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery to overcome the shortcomings of classical techniques which are noise sensitive in feature extraction and time consuming for training. Based on the scattering transform and the least squares recursive projection twin support vector machine (LSPTSVM), the method has the advantages of high efficiency and insensitivity for noise signal. Using the energy of the scattering coefficients in each sub-band, the features of the vibration signals are obtained. Then, an LSPTSVM classifier is used for fault diagnosis. The new method is compared with other common methods including the proximal support vector machine, the standard support vector machine and multi-scale theory by using fault data for two systems, a motor bearing and a gear box. The results show that the new method proposed in this study is more effective for fault diagnosis of rotating machinery.

  20. Fast and Accurate Metadata Authoring Using Ontology-Based Recommendations.

    PubMed

    Martínez-Romero, Marcos; O'Connor, Martin J; Shankar, Ravi D; Panahiazar, Maryam; Willrett, Debra; Egyedi, Attila L; Gevaert, Olivier; Graybeal, John; Musen, Mark A

    2017-01-01

    In biomedicine, high-quality metadata are crucial for finding experimental datasets, for understanding how experiments were performed, and for reproducing those experiments. Despite the recent focus on metadata, the quality of metadata available in public repositories continues to be extremely poor. A key difficulty is that the typical metadata acquisition process is time-consuming and error prone, with weak or nonexistent support for linking metadata to ontologies. There is a pressing need for methods and tools to speed up the metadata acquisition process and to increase the quality of metadata that are entered. In this paper, we describe a methodology and set of associated tools that we developed to address this challenge. A core component of this approach is a value recommendation framework that uses analysis of previously entered metadata and ontology-based metadata specifications to help users rapidly and accurately enter their metadata. We performed an initial evaluation of this approach using metadata from a public metadata repository.

  1. Fast and Accurate Metadata Authoring Using Ontology-Based Recommendations

    PubMed Central

    Martínez-Romero, Marcos; O’Connor, Martin J.; Shankar, Ravi D.; Panahiazar, Maryam; Willrett, Debra; Egyedi, Attila L.; Gevaert, Olivier; Graybeal, John; Musen, Mark A.

    2017-01-01

    In biomedicine, high-quality metadata are crucial for finding experimental datasets, for understanding how experiments were performed, and for reproducing those experiments. Despite the recent focus on metadata, the quality of metadata available in public repositories continues to be extremely poor. A key difficulty is that the typical metadata acquisition process is time-consuming and error prone, with weak or nonexistent support for linking metadata to ontologies. There is a pressing need for methods and tools to speed up the metadata acquisition process and to increase the quality of metadata that are entered. In this paper, we describe a methodology and set of associated tools that we developed to address this challenge. A core component of this approach is a value recommendation framework that uses analysis of previously entered metadata and ontology-based metadata specifications to help users rapidly and accurately enter their metadata. We performed an initial evaluation of this approach using metadata from a public metadata repository. PMID:29854196

  2. Challenges to diagnosis of HIV-associated wasting.

    PubMed

    Kotler, Donald

    2004-12-01

    There is a wide variability in the clinical presentation of the protein energy malnutrition often characterized as wasting in patients infected with HIV. Moreover, the clinical presentation has evolved over time. Initially, protein energy malnutrition was characterized by profound weight loss and depletion of body cell mass (BCM). Recently, unrelated concurrent metabolic abnormalities, such as lipodystrophy, may complicate the diagnosis of HIV wasting. Although measures of BCM are relatively accurate for the diagnosis of HIV wasting, the optimal tools for assessing BCM are not necessarily available to the clinician. From the practical standpoint, HIV wasting may be a self-evident diagnosis in advanced stages, but effective interpretation of the early signs of HIV wasting requires familiarity with other complications included in the differential diagnosis.

  3. Accurate lithography simulation model based on convolutional neural networks

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Watanabe, Yuki; Kimura, Taiki; Matsunawa, Tetsuaki; Nojima, Shigeki

    2017-07-01

    Lithography simulation is an essential technique for today's semiconductor manufacturing process. In order to calculate an entire chip in realistic time, compact resist model is commonly used. The model is established for faster calculation. To have accurate compact resist model, it is necessary to fix a complicated non-linear model function. However, it is difficult to decide an appropriate function manually because there are many options. This paper proposes a new compact resist model using CNN (Convolutional Neural Networks) which is one of deep learning techniques. CNN model makes it possible to determine an appropriate model function and achieve accurate simulation. Experimental results show CNN model can reduce CD prediction errors by 70% compared with the conventional model.

  4. Rolling bearing fault diagnosis and health assessment using EEMD and the adjustment Mahalanobis-Taguchi system

    NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

    Chen, Junxun; Cheng, Longsheng; Yu, Hui; Hu, Shaolin

    2018-01-01

    ABSTRACTSFor the timely identification of the potential faults of a rolling bearing and to observe its health condition intuitively and <span class="hlt">accurately</span>, a novel fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and health assessment model for a rolling bearing <span class="hlt">based</span> on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method and the adjustment Mahalanobis-Taguchi system (AMTS) method is proposed. The specific steps are as follows: First, the vibration signal of a rolling bearing is decomposed by EEMD, and the extracted features are used as the input vectors of AMTS. Then, the AMTS method, which is designed to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional Mahalanobis-Taguchi system and to extract the key features, is proposed for fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Finally, a type of HI concept is proposed according to the results of the fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> to accomplish the health assessment of a bearing in its life cycle. To validate the superiority of the developed method proposed approach, it is compared with other recent method and proposed methodology is successfully validated on a vibration data-set acquired from seeded defects and from an accelerated life test. The results show that this method represents the actual situation well and is able to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> and effectively identify the fault type.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29033775','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29033775"><span>Preoperative <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and Surgical Approach of Appendiceal Mucinous Cystadenoma: Usefulness of Volcano Sign.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Shiihara, Masahiro; Ohki, Takeshi; Yamamoto, Masakazu</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>We report a case of appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma that was successfully diagnosed preoperatively and treated by laparoscopic resection. We could find volcano sign on colonoscopy and cystic lesion without any nodules at the appendix on computed tomography (CT). Without any malignant factors in preoperative examinations, we performed laparoscopic appendectomy including the cecal wall. We could avoid performing excessive operation for cystadenoma with <span class="hlt">accurate</span> preoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and intraoperative finding and pathological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> during surgery. Appendiceal mucocele is a rare disease that is divided into 3 pathological types: hyperplasia, cystadenoma, and cystadenocarcinoma. The surgical approaches for it remain controversial and oversurgery is sometimes done for benign tumor, because preoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is difficult and rupturing an appendiceal tumor results in dissemination. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on our study, volcano sign on colonoscopy and CT findings were important for the preoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of appendiceal mucocele. Furthermore, we think that laparoscopic resection will become a surgical option for the treatment of appendiceal mucocele.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016SPIE10026E..08X','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016SPIE10026E..08X"><span>High-<span class="hlt">accurate</span> optical vector analysis <span class="hlt">based</span> on optical single-sideband modulation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Xue, Min; Pan, Shilong</p> <p>2016-11-01</p> <p>Most of the efforts devoted to the area of optical communications were on the improvement of the optical spectral efficiency. Varies innovative optical devices are thus developed to finely manipulate the optical spectrum. Knowing the spectral responses of these devices, including the magnitude, phase and polarization responses, is of great importance for their fabrication and application. To achieve high-resolution characterization, optical vector analyzers (OVAs) <span class="hlt">based</span> on optical single-sideband (OSSB) modulation have been proposed and developed. Benefiting from the mature and highresolution microwave technologies, the OSSB-<span class="hlt">based</span> OVA can potentially achieve a resolution of sub-Hz. However, the accuracy is restricted by the measurement errors induced by the unwanted first-order sideband and the high-order sidebands in the OSSB signal, since electrical-to-optical conversion and optical-to-electrical conversion are essentially required to achieve high-resolution frequency sweeping and extract the magnitude and phase information in the electrical domain. Recently, great efforts have been devoted to improve the accuracy of the OSSB-<span class="hlt">based</span> OVA. In this paper, the influence of the unwanted-sideband induced measurement errors and techniques for implementing high-<span class="hlt">accurate</span> OSSB-<span class="hlt">based</span> OVAs are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28124968','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28124968"><span>[<span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Pseudomonas luteola in routine microbiology laboratory: on the occasion of two isolates].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Çiçek, Muharrem; Hasçelik, Gülşen; Müştak, H Kaan; Diker, K Serdar; Şener, Burçin</p> <p>2016-10-01</p> <p> further analysed by VITEK MS (bioMerieux, France) and Microflex LT mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics, Germany). Both of the MALDI-TOF-MS systems identified the isolates as P.luteola and 16S rRNA gene sequencing (ABI PRISM 3100, Applied Biosystems, USA) also confirmed the identification. The strains had wrinkled, sticky yellow colonies which were oxidase-negative, catalase-positive and non-fermentative. The Gram stained smears of the colonies revealed clusters of gram-negative bacilli probably embedded into a biofilm matrix. Since there are no accepted standards for testing the antibiotic susceptibility of P.luteola strains, the standards determined by CLSI for "other non-Enterobacteriaceae" (non-fermentative bacteria excluding P.aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., Burkholderia cepacia, B.mallei, B.pseudomallei and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) were used for the susceptibility testing. Gradient MIC method (E-Test, bioMerieux, France) revealed that the isolates were susceptible to gentamicin, piperacillin-tazobactam, ceftazidime, cefepime, meropenem, colistin and levofloxacin. <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> and prompt identification of P.luteola which is identified as a rare pathogen in serious cases is of critical importance since it has been suggested that this organism is likely to become more frequent as a nosocomial pathogen since the interventional processes increase in current medical practice. This report supported that Phoenix automated phenotypic identification system (BD Diagnostics, USA) and the two MALDI-TOF-MS <span class="hlt">based</span> systems (VITEK MS and Bruker Microflex LT mass spectrometer) were successfull in the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> identification of P.luteola.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22364044','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22364044"><span>Prenatal <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in a cystic fibrosis family: a combined molecular strategy for a precise <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Chávez-Saldaña, Margarita; García-Cavazos, Ricardo; Vigueras, Rosa María; Orozco, Lorena</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>The high genetic heterogeneity in populations with a wide spectrum of mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator gene (CFTR), makes the detection of mutations a very hard and difficult task, thereby limiting the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the disease, mainly in patients with uncharacterized mutations. Molecular strategies, like targeted identification of the most frequent CFTR mutations in Mexican population combined with linkage analysis using markers, is very useful for carrier detection and for prenatal <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in affected families with CF. In this paper we show that the combination of methodologies was a crucial alternative to reach a precise prenatal CF <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. We documented CF <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in a 14th-week fetus combining the screening of the most common mutations in Mexican population with linkage analysis of two extragenic polymorphisms (XV2C/TaqI and KM19/PstI). We determined that the fetus inherited the PG542X mutation from its mother and an unknown mutation from its father through the chromosomal phases analysis.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4732109','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4732109"><span>Intelligent Condition <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Method <span class="hlt">Based</span> on Adaptive Statistic Test Filter and Diagnostic Bayesian Network</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Li, Ke; Zhang, Qiuju; Wang, Kun; Chen, Peng; Wang, Huaqing</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>A new fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> method for rotating machinery <span class="hlt">based</span> on adaptive statistic test filter (ASTF) and Diagnostic Bayesian Network (DBN) is presented in this paper. ASTF is proposed to obtain weak fault features under background noise, ASTF is <span class="hlt">based</span> on statistic hypothesis testing in the frequency domain to evaluate similarity between reference signal (noise signal) and original signal, and remove the component of high similarity. The optimal level of significance α is obtained using particle swarm optimization (PSO). To evaluate the performance of the ASTF, evaluation factor Ipq is also defined. In addition, a simulation experiment is designed to verify the effectiveness and robustness of ASTF. A sensitive evaluation method using principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed to evaluate the sensitiveness of symptom parameters (SPs) for condition <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. By this way, the good SPs that have high sensitiveness for condition <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> can be selected. A three-layer DBN is developed to identify condition of rotation machinery <span class="hlt">based</span> on the Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) theory. Condition <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> experiment for rolling element bearings demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method. PMID:26761006</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26761006','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26761006"><span>Intelligent Condition <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Method <span class="hlt">Based</span> on Adaptive Statistic Test Filter and Diagnostic Bayesian Network.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Li, Ke; Zhang, Qiuju; Wang, Kun; Chen, Peng; Wang, Huaqing</p> <p>2016-01-08</p> <p>A new fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> method for rotating machinery <span class="hlt">based</span> on adaptive statistic test filter (ASTF) and Diagnostic Bayesian Network (DBN) is presented in this paper. ASTF is proposed to obtain weak fault features under background noise, ASTF is <span class="hlt">based</span> on statistic hypothesis testing in the frequency domain to evaluate similarity between reference signal (noise signal) and original signal, and remove the component of high similarity. The optimal level of significance α is obtained using particle swarm optimization (PSO). To evaluate the performance of the ASTF, evaluation factor Ipq is also defined. In addition, a simulation experiment is designed to verify the effectiveness and robustness of ASTF. A sensitive evaluation method using principal component analysis (PCA) is proposed to evaluate the sensitiveness of symptom parameters (SPs) for condition <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. By this way, the good SPs that have high sensitiveness for condition <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> can be selected. A three-layer DBN is developed to identify condition of rotation machinery <span class="hlt">based</span> on the Bayesian Belief Network (BBN) theory. Condition <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> experiment for rolling element bearings demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed method.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26483595','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26483595"><span>Developing an Intelligent System for <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Asthma <span class="hlt">Based</span> on Artificial Neural Network.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Alizadeh, Behrouz; Safdari, Reza; Zolnoori, Maryam; Bashiri, Azadeh</p> <p>2015-08-01</p> <p>Lack of proper <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and inadequate treatment of asthma, leads to physical and financial complications. This study aimed to use data mining techniques and creating a neural network intelligent system for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of asthma. The study population is the patients who had visited one of the Lung Clinics in Tehran. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical tool and the chi-square Pearson's coefficient was the basis of decision making for data ranking. The considered neural network is trained using back propagation learning technique. According to the analysis performed by means of SPSS to select the top factors, 13 effective factors were selected, in different performances, data was mixed in various forms, so the different modes was made for training the data and testing networks and in all different modes, the network was able to predict correctly 100% of all cases. Using data mining methods before the design structure of system, aimed to reduce the data dimension and the optimum choice of the data, will lead to a more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> system. So considering the data mining approaches due to the nature of medical data is necessary.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29187159','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29187159"><span>Decision tree for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> infection timing in individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 infection.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Verhofstede, Chris; Fransen, Katrien; Van Den Heuvel, Annelies; Van Laethem, Kristel; Ruelle, Jean; Vancutsem, Ellen; Stoffels, Karolien; Van den Wijngaert, Sigi; Delforge, Marie-Luce; Vaira, Dolores; Hebberecht, Laura; Schauvliege, Marlies; Mortier, Virginie; Dauwe, Kenny; Callens, Steven</p> <p>2017-11-29</p> <p>There is today no gold standard method to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> define the time passed since infection at HIV <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Infection timing and incidence measurement is however essential to better monitor the dynamics of local epidemics and the effect of prevention initiatives. Three methods for infection timing were evaluated using 237 serial samples from documented seroconversions and 566 cross sectional samples from newly diagnosed patients: identification of antibodies against the HIV p31 protein in INNO-LIA, SediaTM BED CEIA and SediaTM LAg-Avidity EIA. A multi-assay decision tree for infection timing was developed. Clear differences in recency window between BED CEIA, LAg-Avidity EIA and p31 antibody presence were observed with a switch from recent to long term infection a median of 169.5, 108.0 and 64.5 days after collection of the pre-seroconversion sample respectively. BED showed high reliability for identification of long term infections while LAg-Avidity is highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> for identification of recent infections. Using BED as initial assay to identify the long term infections and LAg-Avidity as a confirmatory assay for those classified as recent infection by BED, explores the strengths of both while reduces the workload. The short recency window of p31 antibodies allows to discriminate very early from early infections <span class="hlt">based</span> on this marker. BED recent infection results not confirmed by LAg-Avidity are considered to reflect a period more distant from the infection time. False recency predictions in this group can be minimized by elimination of patients with a CD4 count of less than 100 cells/mm3 or without no p31 antibodies. For 566 cross sectional sample the outcome of the decision tree confirmed the infection timing <span class="hlt">based</span> on the results of all 3 markers but reduced the overall cost from 13.2 USD to 5.2 USD per sample. A step-wise multi assay decision tree allows <span class="hlt">accurate</span> timing of the HIV infection at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> at affordable effort and cost and can be an important</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384126','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28384126"><span>An automated method for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> vessel segmentation.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Yang, Xin; Liu, Chaoyue; Le Minh, Hung; Wang, Zhiwei; Chien, Aichi; Cheng, Kwang-Ting Tim</p> <p>2017-05-07</p> <p>Vessel segmentation is a critical task for various medical applications, such as <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> assistance of diabetic retinopathy, quantification of cerebral aneurysm's growth, and guiding surgery in neurosurgical procedures. Despite technology advances in image segmentation, existing methods still suffer from low accuracy for vessel segmentation in the two challenging while common scenarios in clinical usage: (1) regions with a low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR), and (2) at vessel boundaries disturbed by adjacent non-vessel pixels. In this paper, we present an automated system which can achieve highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> vessel segmentation for both 2D and 3D images even under these challenging scenarios. Three key contributions achieved by our system are: (1) a progressive contrast enhancement method to adaptively enhance contrast of challenging pixels that were otherwise indistinguishable, (2) a boundary refinement method to effectively improve segmentation accuracy at vessel borders <span class="hlt">based</span> on Canny edge detection, and (3) a content-aware region-of-interests (ROI) adjustment method to automatically determine the locations and sizes of ROIs which contain ambiguous pixels and demand further verification. Extensive evaluation of our method is conducted on both 2D and 3D datasets. On a public 2D retinal dataset (named DRIVE (Staal 2004 IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 23 501-9)) and our 2D clinical cerebral dataset, our approach achieves superior performance to the state-of-the-art methods including a vesselness <span class="hlt">based</span> method (Frangi 1998 Int. Conf. on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention) and an optimally oriented flux (OOF) <span class="hlt">based</span> method (Law and Chung 2008 European Conf. on Computer Vision). An evaluation on 11 clinical 3D CTA cerebral datasets shows that our method can achieve 94% average accuracy with respect to the manual segmentation reference, which is 23% to 33% better than the five baseline methods (Yushkevich 2006 Neuroimage 31 1116-28; Law and Chung 2008</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29425104','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29425104"><span>Optimized angiotensin-converting enzyme activity assay for the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of sarcoidosis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Csongrádi, Alexandra; Enyedi, Attila; Takács, István; Végh, Tamás; Mányiné, Ivetta S; Pólik, Zsófia; Altorjay, István Tibor; Balla, József; Balla, György; Édes, István; Kappelmayer, János; Tóth, Attila; Papp, Zoltán; Fagyas, Miklós</p> <p>2018-06-27</p> <p>Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity determination can aid the early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of sarcoidosis. We aimed to optimize a fluorescent kinetic assay for ACE activity by screening the confounding effects of endogenous ACE inhibitors and interfering factors. Genotype-dependent and genotype-independent reference values of ACE activity were established, and their diagnostic accuracies were validated in a clinical study. Internally quenched fluorescent substrate, Abz-FRK(Dnp)P-OH was used for ACE-activity measurements. A total of 201 healthy individuals and 59 presumably sarcoidotic patients were enrolled into this study. ACE activity and insertion/deletion (I/D) genotype of the ACE gene were determined. Here we report that serum samples should be diluted at least 35-fold to eliminate the endogenous inhibitor effect of albumin. No significant interferences were detected: up to a triglyceride concentration of 16 mM, a hemoglobin concentration of 0.71 g/L and a bilirubin concentration of 150 μM. Genotype-dependent reference intervals were considered as 3.76-11.25 U/L, 5.22-11.59 U/L, 7.19-14.84 U/L for II, ID and DD genotypes, respectively. I/D genotype-independent reference interval was established as 4.85-13.79 U/L. An ACE activity value was considered positive for sarcoidosis when it exceeded the upper limit of the reference interval. The optimized assay with genotype-dependent reference ranges resulted in 42.5% sensitivity, 100% specificity, 100% positive predictive value and 32.4% negative predictive value in the clinical study, whereas the genotype-independent reference range proved to have inferior diagnostic efficiency. An optimized fluorescent kinetic assay of serum ACE activity combined with ACE I/D genotype determination is an alternative to invasive biopsy for confirming the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of sarcoidosis in a significant percentage of patients.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29422238','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29422238"><span>Eosinophilic oesophagitis: Current evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lucendo, Alfredo J; Molina-Infante, Javier</p> <p>2018-04-01</p> <p>Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is a disease caused by an immune response to food antigens in contact with the oesophageal mucosa. Its <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is defined by the combination of oesophageal dysfunction symptoms and inflammation of the oesophageal mucosa predominantly by eosinophils. Its chronic course and frequent progression to subepithelial fibrosis and oesophageal strictures indicate the need for treatment. The information provided by recent clinical trials and systematic reviews has led to the development of new clinical guidelines, endorsed by several European scientific societies. This review includes the most relevant aspects of the new guidelines, updates the EoE concept and reports its epidemiology and risk factors, associated conditions and its natural history in children and adults. Diagnostic criteria are provided, and tests for EoE <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and monitoring and therapeutic options are analysed <span class="hlt">based</span> on the best scientific evidence and consensus opinion of experts. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=bulimia+AND+symptoms&pg=6&id=ED273881','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=bulimia+AND+symptoms&pg=6&id=ED273881"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and Treatment of Eating Disorders.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Neuman, Patricia; And Others</p> <p></p> <p>This paper was designed to provide professional counselors with a comprehensive but concise method of <span class="hlt">accurately</span> evaluting, interviewing, and planning for treatment of eating disorder clients. The paper is organized in five sections. The first section, <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span>, compares, contrasts, and offers clear explanations of the diagnostic criteria for…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=cinematography&pg=2&id=EJ170115','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=cinematography&pg=2&id=EJ170115"><span>Testing Physical <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Skills with Videotape</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Stillman, Paula L.; And Others</p> <p>1977-01-01</p> <p>An inexpensive videotape testing system has been developed at the Department of Pediatrics and Department of Medical TV-Cinematography at the University of Arizona College of Medicine. The development and validation of a test using this system to assess observational skills important for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> physical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> are described. (LBH)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/pages/biblio/1188200-multiclass-cancer-diagnosis-using-tumor-gene-expression-signatures','SCIGOV-DOEP'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/pages/biblio/1188200-multiclass-cancer-diagnosis-using-tumor-gene-expression-signatures"><span>Multiclass cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> using tumor gene expression signatures</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/pages">DOE PAGES</a></p> <p>Ramaswamy, S.; Tamayo, P.; Rifkin, R.; ...</p> <p>2001-12-11</p> <p>The optimal treatment of patients with cancer depends on establishing <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnoses by using a complex combination of clinical and histopathological data. In some instances, this task is difficult or impossible because of atypical clinical presentation or histopathology. To determine whether the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of multiple common adult malignancies could be achieved purely by molecular classification, we subjected 218 tumor samples, spanning 14 common tumor types, and 90 normal tissue samples to oligonucleotide microarray gene expression analysis. The expression levels of 16,063 genes and expressed sequence tags were used to evaluate the accuracy of a multiclass classifier <span class="hlt">based</span> on a supportmore » vector machine algorithm. Overall classification accuracy was 78%, far exceeding the accuracy of random classification (9%). Poorly differentiated cancers resulted in low-confidence predictions and could not be <span class="hlt">accurately</span> classified according to their tissue of origin, indicating that they are molecularly distinct entities with dramatically different gene expression patterns compared with their well differentiated counterparts. Taken together, these results demonstrate the feasibility of <span class="hlt">accurate</span>, multiclass molecular cancer classification and suggest a strategy for future clinical implementation of molecular cancer diagnostics.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24928180','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24928180"><span>Techniques for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Fasciola infections in animals: room for improvement.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Alvarez Rojas, Cristian A; Jex, Aaron R; Gasser, Robin B; Scheerlinck, Jean-Pierre Y</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>The common liver fluke, Fasciola hepatica, causes fascioliasis, a significant disease in mammals, including livestock, wildlife and humans, with a major socioeconomic impact worldwide. In spite of its impact, and some advances towards the development of vaccines and new therapeutic agents, limited attention has been paid to the need for practical and reliable methods for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of infection or disease. <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is central to effective control, particularly given an emerging problem with drug resistance in F. hepatica. Traditional coprological techniques have been widely used, but are often unreliable. Although there have been some advances in establishing immunologic techniques, these tools can suffer from a lack of diagnostic specificity and/or sensitivity. Nonetheless, antigen detection tests seem to have considerable potential, but have not yet been adequately evaluated in the field. Moreover, advanced nucleic acid-<span class="hlt">based</span> methods appear to offer the most promise for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of current infection. This chapter (i) provides a brief account of the biology and significance of F. hepatica/fascioliasis, (ii) describes key techniques currently in use, (iii) compares their advantages/disadvantages and (iv) reviews polymerase chain reaction-<span class="hlt">based</span> methods for specific <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and/or the genetic characterization of Fasciola species. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26229526','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26229526"><span>A Novel Mittag-Leffler Kernel <span class="hlt">Based</span> Hybrid Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Method for Wheeled Robot Driving System.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Yuan, Xianfeng; Song, Mumin; Zhou, Fengyu; Chen, Zhumin; Li, Yan</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The wheeled robots have been successfully applied in many aspects, such as industrial handling vehicles, and wheeled service robots. To improve the safety and reliability of wheeled robots, this paper presents a novel hybrid fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> framework <span class="hlt">based</span> on Mittag-Leffler kernel (ML-kernel) support vector machine (SVM) and Dempster-Shafer (D-S) fusion. Using sensor data sampled under different running conditions, the proposed approach initially establishes multiple principal component analysis (PCA) models for fault feature extraction. The fault feature vectors are then applied to train the probabilistic SVM (PSVM) classifiers that arrive at a preliminary fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. To improve the accuracy of preliminary results, a novel ML-kernel <span class="hlt">based</span> PSVM classifier is proposed in this paper, and the positive definiteness of the ML-kernel is proved as well. The basic probability assignments (BPAs) are defined <span class="hlt">based</span> on the preliminary fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> results and their confidence values. Eventually, the final fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> result is archived by the fusion of the BPAs. Experimental results show that the proposed framework not only is capable of detecting and identifying the faults in the robot driving system, but also has better performance in stability and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy compared with the traditional methods.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_12");'>12</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li class="active"><span>14</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_14 --> <div id="page_15" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li class="active"><span>15</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="281"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5585547','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5585547"><span>Realization of a CORDIC-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Plug-In Accelerometer Module for PSG System in Head Position Monitoring for OSAS Patients</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Chou, Wen-Cheng; Shiao, Tsu-Hui; Shiao, Guang-Ming; Luo, Chin-Shan</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Overnight polysomnography (PSG) is currently the standard diagnostic procedure for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). It has been known that monitoring of head position in sleep is crucial not only for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (positional sleep apnea) but also for the management of OSA (positional therapy). However, there are no sensor systems available clinically to hook up with PSG for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> head position monitoring. In this paper, an accelerometer-<span class="hlt">based</span> sensing system for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> head position monitoring is developed and realized. The core CORDIC- (COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer-) <span class="hlt">based</span> tilting sensing algorithm is realized in the system to quickly and <span class="hlt">accurately</span> convert accelerometer raw data into the desired head position tilting angles. The system can hook up with PSG devices for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> to have head position information integrated with other PSG-monitored signals. It has been applied in an IRB test in Taipei Veterans General Hospital and has been proved that it can meet the medical needs of <span class="hlt">accurate</span> head position monitoring for PSG <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. PMID:29065608</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1898628','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1898628"><span>Direct costs of emergency medical care: a <span class="hlt">diagnosis-based</span> case-mix classification system.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Baraff, L J; Cameron, J M; Sekhon, R</p> <p>1991-01-01</p> <p>To develop a <span class="hlt">diagnosis-based</span> case mix classification system for emergency department patient visits <span class="hlt">based</span> on direct costs of care designed for an outpatient setting. Prospective provider time study with collection of financial data from each hospital's accounts receivable system and medical information, including discharge <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, from hospital medical records. Three community hospital EDs in Los Angeles County during selected times in 1984. Only direct costs of care were included: health care provider time, ED management and clerical personnel excluding registration, nonlabor ED expense including supplies, and ancillary hospital services. Indirect costs for hospitals and physicians, including depreciation and amortization, debt service, utilities, malpractice insurance, administration, billing, registration, and medical records were not included. Costs were derived by valuing provider time <span class="hlt">based</span> on a formula using annual income or salary and fringe benefits, productivity and direct care factors, and using hospital direct cost to charge ratios. Physician costs were <span class="hlt">based</span> on a national study of emergency physician income and excluded practice costs. Patients were classified into one of 216 emergency department groups (EDGs) on the basis of the discharge <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, patient disposition, age, and the presence of a limited number of physician procedures. Total mean direct costs ranged from $23 for follow-up visit to $936 for trauma, admitted, with critical care procedure. The mean total direct costs for the 16,771 nonadmitted patients was $69. Of this, 34% was for ED costs, 45% was for ancillary service costs, and 21% was for physician costs. The mean total direct costs for the 1,955 admitted patients was $259. Of this, 23% was for ED costs, 63% was for ancillary service costs, and 14% was for physician costs. Laboratory and radiographic services accounted for approximately 85% of all ancillary service costs and 38% of total direct costs for nonadmitted patients</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25069544','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25069544"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of IBS: symptoms, symptom-<span class="hlt">based</span> criteria, biomarkers or 'psychomarkers'?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Sood, Ruchit; Law, Graham R; Ford, Alexander C</p> <p>2014-11-01</p> <p>IBS is estimated to have a prevalence of up to 20% in Western populations and results in substantial costs to health-care services worldwide, estimated to be US$1 billion per year in the USA. IBS remains difficult to diagnose due to its multifactorial aetiology, heterogeneous nature and overlap of symptoms with organic pathologies, such as coeliac disease and IBD. As a result, IBS often continues to be a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of exclusion, resulting in unnecessary investigations. Available methods for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of IBS-including the current gold standard, the Rome III criteria-perform only moderately well. Visceral hypersensitivity and altered pain perception do not discriminate between IBS and other functional gastrointestinal diseases or health with any great accuracy. Attention has now turned to developing novel biomarkers and using psychological markers (so-called psychomarkers) to aid the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of IBS. This Review describes how useful symptoms, symptom-<span class="hlt">based</span> criteria, biomarkers and psychomarkers, and indeed combinations of all these approaches, are in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of IBS. Future directions in diagnosing IBS could include combining demographic data, gastrointestinal symptoms, biomarkers and psychomarkers using statistical methods. Latent class analysis to distinguish between IBS and non-IBS symptom profiles might also represent a promising avenue for future research.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29428078','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29428078"><span>A case-oriented web-<span class="hlt">based</span> training system for breast cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Huang, Qinghua; Huang, Xianhai; Liu, Longzhong; Lin, Yidi; Long, Xingzhang; Li, Xuelong</p> <p>2018-03-01</p> <p>Breast cancer is still considered as the most common form of cancer as well as the leading causes of cancer deaths among women all over the world. We aim to provide a web-<span class="hlt">based</span> breast ultrasound database for online training inexperienced radiologists and giving computer-assisted diagnostic information for detection and classification of the breast tumor. We introduce a web database which stores breast ultrasound images from breast cancer patients as well as their diagnostic information. A web-<span class="hlt">based</span> training system using a feature scoring scheme <span class="hlt">based</span> on Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) US lexicon was designed. A computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (CAD) subsystem was developed to assist the radiologists to make scores on the BI-RADS features for an input case. The training system possesses 1669 scored cases, where 412 cases are benign and 1257 cases are malignant. It was tested by 31 users including 12 interns, 11 junior radiologists, and 8 experienced senior radiologists. This online training system automatically creates case-<span class="hlt">based</span> exercises to train and guide the newly employed or resident radiologists for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of breast cancer using breast ultrasound images <span class="hlt">based</span> on the BI-RADS. After the trainings, the interns and junior radiologists show significant improvement in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the breast tumor with ultrasound imaging (p-value < .05); meanwhile the senior radiologists show little improvement (p-value > .05). The online training system can improve the capabilities of early-career radiologists in distinguishing between the benign and malignant lesions and reduce the misdiagnosis of breast cancer in a quick, convenient and effective manner. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017OptLT..96..243L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017OptLT..96..243L"><span>Variational mode decomposition <span class="hlt">based</span> approach for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> classification of color fundus images with hemorrhages</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Lahmiri, Salim; Shmuel, Amir</p> <p>2017-11-01</p> <p>Diabetic retinopathy is a disease that can cause a loss of vision. An early and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> helps to improve treatment of the disease and prognosis. One of the earliest characteristics of diabetic retinopathy is the appearance of retinal hemorrhages. The purpose of this study is to design a fully automated system for the detection of hemorrhages in a retinal image. In the first stage of our proposed system, a retinal image is processed with variational mode decomposition (VMD) to obtain the first variational mode, which captures the high frequency components of the original image. In the second stage, four texture descriptors are extracted from the first variational mode. Finally, a classifier trained with all computed texture descriptors is used to distinguish between images of healthy and unhealthy retinas with hemorrhages. Experimental results showed evidence of the effectiveness of the proposed system for detection of hemorrhages in the retina, since a perfect detection rate was achieved. Our proposed system for detecting diabetic retinopathy is simple and easy to implement. It requires only short processing time, and it yields higher accuracy in comparison with previously proposed methods for detecting diabetic retinopathy.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24367989','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24367989"><span>DNA "nano-claw": logic-<span class="hlt">based</span> autonomous cancer targeting and therapy.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>You, Mingxu; Peng, Lu; Shao, Na; Zhang, Liqin; Qiu, Liping; Cui, Cheng; Tan, Weihong</p> <p>2014-01-29</p> <p>Cell types, both healthy and diseased, can be classified by inventories of their cell-surface markers. Programmable analysis of multiple markers would enable clinicians to develop a comprehensive disease profile, leading to more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and intervention. As a first step to accomplish this, we have designed a DNA-<span class="hlt">based</span> device, called "Nano-Claw". Combining the special structure-switching properties of DNA aptamers with toehold-mediated strand displacement reactions, this claw is capable of performing autonomous logic-<span class="hlt">based</span> analysis of multiple cancer cell-surface markers and, in response, producing a diagnostic signal and/or targeted photodynamic therapy. We anticipate that this design can be widely applied in facilitating basic biomedical research, <span class="hlt">accurate</span> disease <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and effective therapy.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3311127','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3311127"><span>The Differential <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Pulmonary Blastomycosis Using Case Vignettes: A Wisconsin Network for Health Research (WiNHR) Study</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Baumgardner, Dennis J.; Temte, Jonathan L.; Gutowski, Erin; Agger, William A.; Bailey, Howard; Burmester, James K.; Banerjee, Indrani</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Purpose Pulmonary blastomycosis is an uncommon but serious fungal infection endemic in Wisconsin. Clinician awareness of the protean presentations of this disease may reduce diagnostic delay. This study addressed the diagnostic accuracy of physicians responding to case vignettes of pulmonary blastomycosis and the primary care differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of this disease. Methods Eight pulmonary blastomycosis cases were developed from case files. From these, 2 vignettes were randomly selected and mailed to primary care physicians in the Wisconsin Network for Health Research. Respondents were asked to list the 3 most likely diagnoses for each case. Results Respondents listed Blastomycosis as the most likely <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for 37/227 (16%) case vignettes, and 1 of the 3 most likely diagnoses for 43/227 (19%). When vignettes included patient activity in counties with an annual incidence rate of blastomycosis greater than 2/100,000, compared to counties with lower incidence rates, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> (28/61 [46%] vs 15/166 [9%]; P < 0.001). Physicians with practice locations in counties with annual blastomycosis incidence rates >2/100,000 listed blastomycosis more commonly than physicians from other counties (16/36 [44%] vs 27/177 [15%]; P < 0.001). This difference in <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> remained significant in a multivariate model of practice demographics. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on responses to the vignettes, pneumonia, cancer, non-infectious pulmonary disease, and tuberculosis emerged as the most-frequently noted <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in the differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of blastomycosis. Conclusion Blastomycosis was not listed as 1 of 3 primary diagnoses in a majority of cases when Wisconsin primary care physicians considered case vignettes of actual pulmonary blastomycosis cases. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> was more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> if the patient vignette listed exposure to a higher incidence county, or if the physician practiced in a higher incidence county. In Wisconsin, failure to include blastomycosis in the differential</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24962593','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24962593"><span>An interesting case of cryptogenic stroke in a young man due to left ventricular non-compaction: role of cardiac MRI in the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Kannan, Arun; Das, Anindita; Janardhanan, Rajesh</p> <p>2014-06-24</p> <p>A 28-year-old man arrived for an outpatient cardiac MRI (CMR) study to evaluate cardiac structure. At the age of 24 the patient presented with acute onset expressive aphasia and was diagnosed with ischaemic stroke. Echocardiography at that time was reported as 'apical wall thickening consistent with apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy'. CMR revealed a moderately dilated left ventricle with abnormal appearance of the left ventricular (LV) apical segments. Further evaluation was consistent with a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of LV non-compaction (LVNC) cardiomyopathy with a ratio of non-compacted to compacted myocardium measuring 3. There was extensive delayed hyperenhancement signal involving multiple segments representing a significant myocardial scar which is shown to have a prognostic role. Our patient, with no significant cerebrovascular risk factors, would likely have had an embolic stroke. This case demonstrates the role of CMR in <span class="hlt">accurately</span> diagnosing LVNC in a patient with young stroke where prior echocardiography was non-diagnostic. 2014 BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28258233','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28258233"><span>Microfluidics: innovative approaches for rapid <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of antibiotic-resistant bacteria.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Aroonnual, Amornrat; Janvilisri, Tavan; Ounjai, Puey; Chankhamhaengdecha, Surang</p> <p>2017-02-28</p> <p>The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a major global health concern. Rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnostic strategies to determine the antibiotic susceptibility profile prior to antibiotic prescription and treatment are critical to control drug resistance. The standard diagnostic procedures for the detection of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which rely mostly on phenotypic characterization, are time consuming, insensitive and often require skilled personnel, making them unsuitable for point-of-care (POC) <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Various molecular techniques have therefore been implemented to help speed up the process and increase sensitivity. Over the past decade, microfluidic technology has gained great momentum in medical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> as a series of fluid handling steps in a laboratory can be simplified and miniaturized on to a small platform, allowing marked reduction of sample amount, high portability and tremendous possibility for integration with other detection technologies. These advantages render the microfluidic system a great candidate to be developed into an easy-to-use sample-to-answer POC <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> suitable for application in remote clinical settings. This review provides an overview of the current development of microfluidic technologies for the nucleic acid <span class="hlt">based</span> and phenotypic-<span class="hlt">based</span> detections of antibiotic resistance. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Portland Press Limited on behalf of the Biochemical Society.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26645831','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26645831"><span>Nested PCR Assay for Eight Pathogens: A Rapid Tool for <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Bacterial Meningitis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bhagchandani, Sharda P; Kubade, Sushant; Nikhare, Priyanka P; Manke, Sonali; Chandak, Nitin H; Kabra, Dinesh; Baheti, Neeraj N; Agrawal, Vijay S; Sarda, Pankaj; Mahajan, Parikshit; Ganjre, Ashish; Purohit, Hemant J; Singh, Lokendra; Taori, Girdhar M; Daginawala, Hatim F; Kashyap, Rajpal S</p> <p>2016-02-01</p> <p>Bacterial meningitis is a dreadful infectious disease with a high mortality and morbidity if remained undiagnosed. Traditional diagnostic methods for bacterial meningitis pose a challenge in <span class="hlt">accurate</span> identification of pathogen, making prognosis difficult. The present study is therefore aimed to design and evaluate a specific and sensitive nested 16S rDNA genus-<span class="hlt">based</span> polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using clinical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for rapid <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of eight pathogens causing the disease. The present work was dedicated to development of an in-house genus specific 16S rDNA nested PCR covering pathogens of eight genera responsible for causing bacterial meningitis using newly designed as well as literature <span class="hlt">based</span> primers for respective genus. A total 150 suspected meningitis CSF obtained from the patients admitted to Central India Institute of Medical Sciences (CIIMS), India during the period from August 2011 to May 2014, were used to evaluate clinical sensitivity and clinical specificity of optimized PCR assays. The analytical sensitivity and specificity of our newly designed genus-specific 16S rDNA PCR were found to be ≥92%. With such a high sensitivity and specificity, our in-house nested PCR was able to give 100% sensitivity in clinically confirmed positive cases and 100% specificity in clinically confirmed negative cases indicating its applicability in clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Our in-house nested PCR system therefore can diagnose the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> pathogen causing bacterial meningitis and therefore be useful in selecting a specific treatment line to minimize morbidity. Results are obtained within 24 h and high sensitivity makes this nested PCR assay a rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnostic tool compared to traditional culture-<span class="hlt">based</span> methods.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1036178-novel-local-learning-based-approach-application-breast-cancer-diagnosis','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1036178-novel-local-learning-based-approach-application-breast-cancer-diagnosis"><span>A Novel Local Learning <span class="hlt">based</span> Approach With Application to Breast Cancer <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Xu, Songhua; Tourassi, Georgia</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The purpose of this study is to develop and evaluate a novel local learning-<span class="hlt">based</span> approach for computer-assisted <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of breast cancer. Our new local learning <span class="hlt">based</span> algorithm using the linear logistic regression method as its <span class="hlt">base</span> learner is described. Overall, our algorithm will perform its stochastic searching process until the total allowed computing time is used up by our random walk process in identifying the most suitable population subdivision scheme and their corresponding individual <span class="hlt">base</span> learners. The proposed local learning-<span class="hlt">based</span> approach was applied for the prediction of breast cancer given 11 mammographic and clinical findings reported by physicians using themore » BI-RADS lexicon. Our database consisted of 850 patients with biopsy confirmed <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (290 malignant and 560 benign). We also compared the performance of our method with a collection of publicly available state-of-the-art machine learning methods. Predictive performance for all classifiers was evaluated using 10-fold cross validation and Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) analysis. Figure 1 reports the performance of 54 machine learning methods implemented in the machine learning toolkit Weka (version 3.0). We introduced a novel local learning-<span class="hlt">based</span> classifier and compared it with an extensive list of other classifiers for the problem of breast cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Our experiments show that the algorithm superior prediction performance outperforming a wide range of other well established machine learning techniques. Our conclusion complements the existing understanding in the machine learning field that local learning may capture complicated, non-linear relationships exhibited by real-world datasets.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AcMSn..34..151Q','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AcMSn..34..151Q"><span>Highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> symplectic element <span class="hlt">based</span> on two variational principles</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Qing, Guanghui; Tian, Jia</p> <p>2018-02-01</p> <p>For the stability requirement of numerical resultants, the mathematical theory of classical mixed methods are relatively complex. However, generalized mixed methods are automatically stable, and their building process is simple and straightforward. In this paper, <span class="hlt">based</span> on the seminal idea of the generalized mixed methods, a simple, stable, and highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> 8-node noncompatible symplectic element (NCSE8) was developed by the combination of the modified Hellinger-Reissner mixed variational principle and the minimum energy principle. To ensure the accuracy of in-plane stress results, a simultaneous equation approach was also suggested. Numerical experimentation shows that the accuracy of stress results of NCSE8 are nearly the same as that of displacement methods, and they are in good agreement with the exact solutions when the mesh is relatively fine. NCSE8 has advantages of the clearing concept, easy calculation by a finite element computer program, higher accuracy and wide applicability for various linear elasticity compressible and nearly incompressible material problems. It is possible that NCSE8 becomes even more advantageous for the fracture problems due to its better accuracy of stresses.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4607112','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4607112"><span>Proof-of-principle rapid noninvasive prenatal <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of autosomal recessive founder mutations</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Zeevi, David A.; Altarescu, Gheona; Weinberg-Shukron, Ariella; Zahdeh, Fouad; Dinur, Tama; Chicco, Gaya; Herskovitz, Yair; Renbaum, Paul; Elstein, Deborah; Levy-Lahad, Ephrat; Rolfs, Arndt; Zimran, Ari</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>BACKGROUND. Noninvasive prenatal testing can be used to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> detect chromosomal aneuploidies in circulating fetal DNA; however, the necessity of parental haplotype construction is a primary drawback to noninvasive prenatal <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (NIPD) of monogenic disease. Family-specific haplotype assembly is essential for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of minuscule amounts of circulating cell-free fetal DNA; however, current haplotyping techniques are too time-consuming and laborious to be carried out within the limited time constraints of prenatal testing, hampering practical application of NIPD in the clinic. Here, we have addressed this pitfall and devised a universal strategy for rapid NIPD of a prevalent mutation in the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population. METHODS. Pregnant AJ couples, carrying mutation(s) in GBA, which encodes acid β-glucosidase, were recruited at the SZMC Gaucher Clinic. Targeted next-generation sequencing of GBA-flanking SNPs was performed on peripheral blood samples from each couple, relevant mutation carrier family members, and unrelated individuals who are homozygotes for an AJ founder mutation. Allele-specific haplotypes were constructed <span class="hlt">based</span> on linkage, and a consensus Gaucher disease–associated founder mutation–flanking haplotype was fine mapped. Together, these haplotypes were used for NIPD. All test results were validated by conventional prenatal or postnatal diagnostic methods. RESULTS. Ten parental alleles in eight unrelated fetuses were diagnosed successfully <span class="hlt">based</span> on the noninvasive method developed in this study. The consensus mutation–flanking haplotype aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for 6 of 9 founder mutation alleles. CONCLUSIONS. The founder NIPD method developed and described here is rapid, economical, and readily adaptable for prenatal testing of prevalent autosomal recessive disease-causing mutations in an assortment of worldwide populations. FUNDING. SZMC, Protalix Biotherapeutics Inc., and Centogene AG. PMID:26426075</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006SPIE.6077E..1DY','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2006SPIE.6077E..1DY"><span>On scalable lossless video coding <span class="hlt">based</span> on sub-pixel <span class="hlt">accurate</span> MCTF</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Yea, Sehoon; Pearlman, William A.</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>We propose two approaches to scalable lossless coding of motion video. They achieve SNR-scalable bitstream up to lossless reconstruction <span class="hlt">based</span> upon the subpixel-<span class="hlt">accurate</span> MCTF-<span class="hlt">based</span> wavelet video coding. The first approach is <span class="hlt">based</span> upon a two-stage encoding strategy where a lossy reconstruction layer is augmented by a following residual layer in order to obtain (nearly) lossless reconstruction. The key advantages of our approach include an 'on-the-fly' determination of bit budget distribution between the lossy and the residual layers, freedom to use almost any progressive lossy video coding scheme as the first layer and an added feature of near-lossless compression. The second approach capitalizes on the fact that we can maintain the invertibility of MCTF with an arbitrary sub-pixel accuracy even in the presence of an extra truncation step for lossless reconstruction thanks to the lifting implementation. Experimental results show that the proposed schemes achieve compression ratios not obtainable by intra-frame coders such as Motion JPEG-2000 thanks to their inter-frame coding nature. Also they are shown to outperform the state-of-the-art non-scalable inter-frame coder H.264 (JM) lossless mode, with the added benefit of bitstream embeddedness.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29273238','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29273238"><span>Fast and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> enzyme activity measurements using a chip-<span class="hlt">based</span> microfluidic calorimeter.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>van Schie, Morten M C H; Ebrahimi, Kourosh Honarmand; Hagen, Wilfred R; Hagedoorn, Peter-Leon</p> <p>2018-03-01</p> <p>Recent developments in microfluidic and nanofluidic technologies have resulted in development of new chip-<span class="hlt">based</span> microfluidic calorimeters with potential use in different fields. One application would be the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> high-throughput measurement of enzyme activity. Calorimetry is a generic way to measure activity of enzymes, but unlike conventional calorimeters, chip-<span class="hlt">based</span> calorimeters can be easily automated and implemented in high-throughput screening platforms. However, application of chip-<span class="hlt">based</span> microfluidic calorimeters to measure enzyme activity has been limited due to problems associated with miniaturization such as incomplete mixing and a decrease in volumetric heat generated. To address these problems we introduced a calibration method and devised a convenient protocol for using a chip-<span class="hlt">based</span> microfluidic calorimeter. Using the new calibration method, the progress curve of alkaline phosphatase, which has product inhibition for phosphate, measured by the calorimeter was the same as that recorded by UV-visible spectroscopy. Our results may enable use of current chip-<span class="hlt">based</span> microfluidic calorimeters in a simple manner as a tool for high-throughput screening of enzyme activity with potential applications in drug discovery and enzyme engineering. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier Inc.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27933740','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27933740"><span>Fine needle aspiration in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and classification of hepatoblastoma: Analysis of 21 New Cases.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Vlajnic, Tatjana; Brisse, Hervé J; Aerts, Isabelle; Fréneaux, Paul; Cellier, Cécile; Fabre, Monique; Klijanienko, Jerzy</p> <p>2017-02-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of hepatoblastoma (HBL) is <span class="hlt">based</span> on characteristic clinical and radiological presentation, young age and marked elevation of serum α-fetoprotein (aFP). Fine needle aspiration (FNA) technique is successfully used in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of hepatoblastoma. To evaluate the value of FNA in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and subtyping of HBL, we report our experience correlated to histological sections (core needle biopsy, CNB). From 1991 to 2015, 21 cases from 20 patients were cytologically diagnosed as HBL. The patients were 15 males and 5 females, mean age being 3 years, and median age being 2 years and 4 months. Serum aFP levels ranged from negative to 1,285,000 ng/ml. We defined cytological criteria to diagnose fetal, embryonal, mesenchymal, and small cell undifferentiated components. The <span class="hlt">accurate</span> cytological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of HBL was made in all cases; 8 cases exhibited a single component and 13 cases exhibited two or more components. Fetal and embryonal components were seen in 18 and 13 cases, respectively, and small cell undifferentiated component was seen in one case. Mesenchymal component was seen in 12 cases. Comparing cytology and histology, identical components were identified on both, FNA and CNB in 14 cases. When analyzing only the presence of epithelial components, 17 cases were concordant in both techniques. FNA allows to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> diagnose HBL and recognize its histological subtypes. On the basis of high concordance between cytological and histological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, FNA is validated as an alternative diagnostic method to CNB. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2017;45:91-100. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19837782','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19837782"><span>Clinical pitfalls in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of ataque de nervios: a case study.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lizardi, Dana; Oquendo, Maria A; Graver, Ruth</p> <p>2009-09-01</p> <p>Ataque de nervios (attack of nerves) is an idiom of distress generally thought of in relation to Caribbean Hispanics. The following case study discusses the presentation of ataque de nervios in a Colombian female. This case study provides insight into a different presentation of ataque de nervios in a new population that clinicians should be aware of in order to ensure <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Ataque de nervios is a distinct syndrome that does not fully correspond with any single DSM-IV <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. However, there is overlap between symptoms in this condition and those in conventional clinical diagnoses. Common problems in deriving an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> are discussed. Implications for treatment are also reviewed, with an emphasis on a comprehensive approach to treatment that supports the client's norms and values.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22675666','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22675666"><span>Clinical approach to Parkinson's disease: features, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and principles of management.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Massano, João; Bhatia, Kailash P</p> <p>2012-06-01</p> <p>Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The condition causes a heavy burden both on those affected, as well as their families. <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is critical and remains founded on clinical grounds as no specific diagnostic test is available so far. The clinical picture of PD is typical in many instances; however, features distinguishing it from other disorders should be thoroughly sought. Monogenic forms of PD also have some distinctive characteristics in many cases. This text is a roadmap to <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in PD, as it approaches clinical features, diagnostic methodology, and leading differential diagnoses. Therapeutic issues are also briefly discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=quantitative+AND+pretest+AND+posttest+AND+research&pg=5&id=ED561629','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=quantitative+AND+pretest+AND+posttest+AND+research&pg=5&id=ED561629"><span>Using an Educational Electronic Documentation System to Help Nursing Students <span class="hlt">Accurately</span> Identify Nursing Diagnoses</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Pobocik, Tamara J.</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>The use of technology and electronic medical records in healthcare has exponentially increased. This quantitative research project used a pretest/posttest design, and reviewed how an educational electronic documentation system helped nursing students to identify the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> related to statement of the nursing <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for the patient in the case…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24930079','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24930079"><span>[<span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of acute heart failure and relevance of biomarkers in elderly patients].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ruiz Ortega, Raúl Antonio; Manzano, Luis; Montero-Pérez-Barquero, Manuel</p> <p>2014-03-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of acute heart failure (HF) is difficult in elderly patients with multiple comorbidities. Risk scales and classification criteria <span class="hlt">based</span> exclusively on clinical manifestations, such as the Framingham scales, lack sufficient specificity. In addition to clinical manifestations, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> should be <span class="hlt">based</span> on two key factors: natriuretic peptides and echocardiographic study. When there is clinical suspicion of acute HF, a normal natriuretic peptide level will rule out this process. When a consistent clinical suspicion is present, an echocardiographic study should also be performed. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HF/pEF) requires detection of an enlarged left atrium or the presence of parameters of diastolic dysfunction. Elevation of cardiac biomarkers seems to be due to myocardial injury and the compensatory mechanisms of the body against this injury (hormone and inflammatory response and repair mechanisms). Elevation of markers of cardiac damage (troponins and natriuretic peptides) have been shown to be useful both in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of acute HF and in prediction of outcome. MMP-2 could be useful in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of HF/pEF. In addition to biomarkers with diagnostic value, other biomarkers are helpful in prognosis in the acute phase of HF, such as biomarkers of renal failure (eGFR, cystatin and urea), inflammation (cytokines and CRP), and the cell regeneration marker, galectin-3. A promising idea that is under investigation is the use of panels of biomarkers, which could allow more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and prognosis of acute HF. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_13");'>13</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li class="active"><span>15</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_15 --> <div id="page_16" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li class="active"><span>16</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="301"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4504124','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4504124"><span>A Novel Mittag-Leffler Kernel <span class="hlt">Based</span> Hybrid Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Method for Wheeled Robot Driving System</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Yuan, Xianfeng; Song, Mumin; Chen, Zhumin; Li, Yan</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>The wheeled robots have been successfully applied in many aspects, such as industrial handling vehicles, and wheeled service robots. To improve the safety and reliability of wheeled robots, this paper presents a novel hybrid fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> framework <span class="hlt">based</span> on Mittag-Leffler kernel (ML-kernel) support vector machine (SVM) and Dempster-Shafer (D-S) fusion. Using sensor data sampled under different running conditions, the proposed approach initially establishes multiple principal component analysis (PCA) models for fault feature extraction. The fault feature vectors are then applied to train the probabilistic SVM (PSVM) classifiers that arrive at a preliminary fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. To improve the accuracy of preliminary results, a novel ML-kernel <span class="hlt">based</span> PSVM classifier is proposed in this paper, and the positive definiteness of the ML-kernel is proved as well. The basic probability assignments (BPAs) are defined <span class="hlt">based</span> on the preliminary fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> results and their confidence values. Eventually, the final fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> result is archived by the fusion of the BPAs. Experimental results show that the proposed framework not only is capable of detecting and identifying the faults in the robot driving system, but also has better performance in stability and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy compared with the traditional methods. PMID:26229526</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008bmas.book..272K','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008bmas.book..272K"><span>A Knowledge-<span class="hlt">Based</span> System for the Computer Assisted <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Endoscopic Images</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Kage, Andreas; Münzenmayer, Christian; Wittenberg, Thomas</p> <p></p> <p>Due to the actual demographic development the use of Computer-Assisted <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> (CAD) systems becomes a more important part of clinical workflows and clinical decision making. Because changes on the mucosa of the esophagus can indicate the first stage of cancerous developments, there is a large interest to detect and correctly diagnose any such lesion. We present a knowledge-<span class="hlt">based</span> system which is able to support a physician with the interpretation and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of endoscopic images of the esophagus. Our system is designed to support the physician directly during the examination of the patient, thus prodving diagnostic assistence at the point of care (POC). <span class="hlt">Based</span> on an interactively marked region in an endoscopic image of interest, the system provides a diagnostic suggestion, <span class="hlt">based</span> on an annotated reference image database. Furthermore, using relevant feedback mechanisms, the results can be enhanced interactively.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27981814','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27981814"><span>Evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> algorithm for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and assessment in psoriatic arthritis: results by Italian DElphi in psoriatic Arthritis (IDEA).</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lapadula, G; Marchesoni, A; Salaffi, F; Ramonda, R; Salvarani, C; Punzi, L; Costa, L; Caso, F; Simone, D; Baiocchi, G; Scioscia, C; Di Carlo, M; Scarpa, R; Ferraccioli, G</p> <p>2016-12-16</p> <p>Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory disease involving skin, peripheral joints, entheses, and axial skeleton. The disease is frequently associated with extrarticular manifestations (EAMs) and comorbidities. In order to create a protocol for PsA <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and global assessment of patients with an algorithm <span class="hlt">based</span> on anamnestic, clinical, laboratory and imaging procedures, we established a DElphi study on a national scale, named Italian DElphi in psoriatic Arthritis (IDEA). After a literature search, a Delphi poll, involving 52 rheumatologists, was performed. On the basis of the literature search, 202 potential items were identified. The steering committee planned at least two Delphi rounds. In the first Delphi round, the experts judged each of the 202 items using a score ranging from 1 to 9 <span class="hlt">based</span> on its increasing clinical relevance. The questions posed to experts were How relevant is this procedure/observation/sign/symptom for assessment of a psoriatic arthritis patient? Proposals of additional items, not included in the questionnaire, were also encouraged. The results of the poll were discussed by the Steering Committee, which evaluated the necessity for removing selected procedures or adding additional ones, according to criteria of clinical appropriateness and sustainability. A total of 43 recommended <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and assessment procedures, recognized as items, were derived by combination of the Delphi survey and two National Expert Meetings, and grouped in different areas. Favourable opinion was reached in 100% of cases for several aspects covering the following areas: medical (familial and personal) history, physical evaluation, imaging tool, second level laboratory tests, disease activity measurement and extrarticular manifestations. After performing PsA <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, identification of specific disease activity scores and clinimetric approaches were suggested for assessing the different clinical subsets. Further, results showed the need for</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25948798','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25948798"><span>[Role of tissue markers on <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, prognosis and monitoring of prostate cancer].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Mora, Miguel J</p> <p>2015-04-01</p> <p>Prostate specific antigen has maintained a key role as serum marker for prostate cancer (PCa) <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management since almost 25 years ago. However, suboptimal sensitivity and specificity, resulting in missed diagnoses, unnecessary prostate biopsies, as well as, detection of clinically indolent disease emphasize the need for new biomarkers. The purpose of this review is to examine the current status of tissue-<span class="hlt">based</span> PCa markers, with special emphasis on recently marketed assays, and to evaluate their potential advantages to improve <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, discriminate between indolent and aggressive disease, as well as, their role selecting therapeutic strategies. PubMed-<span class="hlt">based</span> available literature provided primarily the core for this review. The more recent, larger size series, meta-analysis and frequently referred originals were prioritized. Advances in genomics, molecular technologies along with new immunohistochemical procedures have enabled the discovery and study of a growing number of PCA markers. In the past two years, these efforts have produced assays to more <span class="hlt">accurately</span> detect and characterize the disease. We present the development and validation of tissue-<span class="hlt">based</span> genetic tests, and discuss the challenge of incorporating the use of these new markers into clinical practice. Since prostate cancer is a heterogeneous disease, having a defined set of markers for early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, prognosis and follow-up, is clinically relevant. Some of these new markers can now be used to complement the conventional histopathologic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, as well as, to help already established parameters assessing prognosis.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014OptEn..53k3101Z','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014OptEn..53k3101Z"><span>Fast and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> computation of system matrix for area integral model-<span class="hlt">based</span> algebraic reconstruction technique</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Zhang, Shunli; Zhang, Dinghua; Gong, Hao; Ghasemalizadeh, Omid; Wang, Ge; Cao, Guohua</p> <p>2014-11-01</p> <p>Iterative algorithms, such as the algebraic reconstruction technique (ART), are popular for image reconstruction. For iterative reconstruction, the area integral model (AIM) is more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> for better reconstruction quality than the line integral model (LIM). However, the computation of the system matrix for AIM is more complex and time-consuming than that for LIM. Here, we propose a fast and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> method to compute the system matrix for AIM. First, we calculate the intersection of each boundary line of a narrow fan-beam with pixels in a recursive and efficient manner. Then, by grouping the beam-pixel intersection area into six types according to the slopes of the two boundary lines, we analytically compute the intersection area of the narrow fan-beam with the pixels in a simple algebraic fashion. Overall, experimental results show that our method is about three times faster than the Siddon algorithm and about two times faster than the distance-driven model (DDM) in computation of the system matrix. The reconstruction speed of our AIM-<span class="hlt">based</span> ART is also faster than the LIM-<span class="hlt">based</span> ART that uses the Siddon algorithm and DDM-<span class="hlt">based</span> ART, for one iteration. The fast reconstruction speed of our method was accomplished without compromising the image quality.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25559926','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25559926"><span>Increased diagnostic activity in general practice during the year preceding colorectal cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hansen, Pernille Libach; Hjertholm, Peter; Vedsted, Peter</p> <p>2015-08-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> diagnostic activity in general practice before colorectal cancer (CRC) <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is crucial for an early detection of CRC. This study aimed to investigate the rates of daytime consultations, hemoglobin (Hb) measurements and medicine prescriptions for hemorrhoids in general practice in the year preceding CRC <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Using Danish registries, we conducted a population-<span class="hlt">based</span> matched cohort study including CRC patients aged 40-80 years (n = 19,209) and matched references (n = 192,090). We calculated odds ratios (ORs) using a conditional logistical regression model and incidence rate ratios (IRRs) using a negative binomial regression model. The CRC patients had significantly more consultations from 9 months before <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and significantly increased rates of Hb measurements from up to 17 months before <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> compared with references. Furthermore, up to 18 months before <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, CRC patients had significantly higher rates of prescriptions for hemorrhoids; and 2 months before <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, the IRR was 12.24 (95% confidence interval (CI): 10.29-14.55) for men. The positive predictive value (PPV) of CRC for having a first-time prescription for hemorrhoids was highest among men aged 70-80 years [PPV = 3.2% (95% CI: 2.8-3.7)]. High prescription rates were predominantly seen among rectal cancer patients, whereas colon cancer patients had higher rates of consultations and Hb measurements. This study revealed a significant increase in healthcare seeking and diagnostic activity in general practice in the year prior to CRC <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, which indicates the presence of a "diagnostic time window" and a potential for earlier <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of CRC <span class="hlt">based</span> on clinical signs and symptoms. © 2015 UICC.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2578658','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2578658"><span>A Computer-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Nursing <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Consultant</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Evans, Steven</p> <p>1984-01-01</p> <p>This consultant permits a nurse to enter patient signs and symptoms which are then interpreted by the system in order to relate them to well-established nursing-related dysfunctional patterns. The system attempts to confirm the pattern by soliciting additional patient information from the nurse. This process provides an educational prompt to the nurse, and the suggestions of the system also provide a clinical support tool that can be of practical value. As our testing hones the system and subtlety is added to the weighing of the evidence the nurse provides, it is expected that this tool will be a useful adjunct to computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> nursing services in support of health care. This Nursing <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Consultant is yet another element in the COMMES family of consultants for health professionals.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3933090','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3933090"><span>Cutaneous melanoma: digital dermoscopy -essential tool for positive <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Simionescu, Olga; Costache, Mariana; Testori, Alessandro</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>Cutaneous melanoma is a “perfid”, aggressive and hard to be treated malignant tumor in case of delayed <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. However, patients still have a chance to escape progressive disease if the lesion is recognized early, when the surgical approach is curative. Dermoscopy has the important advantage of rapidity and non-invasivity in a field with (still) contradictory algorithms of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment. The recognition of the elementary dermoscopic lesions enables <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for cutaneous melanoma. In our opinion, dermoscopy appears compulsory in the routine derma-tologic examination. In vivo microscopy (dermoscopy) together with histopathology (plus or minus immunohisto-chemistry) seem, at present, to provide the most reliable <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of melanoma. PMID:17125600</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27196119','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27196119"><span>Otoscopic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of otitis media.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Isaacson, Glenn</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of otitis media is important to prevent suffering and complications when infection is present, and unnecessary antibiotic use when infection is absent. The usual signs and symptoms of acute otitis media are unreliable guides in infants and young children. Similarly, middle ear effusions may present with little discomfort in older children. We therefore depend on examination of the tympanic membrane with an otoscope to make most diagnoses. This article aims to improve the accuracy of middle ear <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by pneumatic otoscopy. It includes descriptions and photographs of the normal ear drum and illustrates the pathologic changes seen in acute otitis media, long-standing eustachian tube dysfunction and otitis media with effusion.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5291069','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5291069"><span>Optic Neuritis: Another Dickensian <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Petzold, Axel</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Abstract The clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and natural history of optic neuritis was established in the late 1880s by the ophthalmologists von Graefe and Nettleship. The earlier, <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and insightful description of transient, bilateral visual loss of Esther, the main character in the Charles Dickens novel Bleak House (1852--1853), suggests optic neuritis as a Dickensian <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Remarkably, Dickens’ observations, also preceding the earliest clinical description of multiple sclerosis by Charcot in 1868, described many clinical features such as a prodromal phase; a nadir; gradual recovery over weeks; glare disability; reduced contrast sensitivity; possibly Uhthoff’s phenomenon; and visual fading. All this with an accuracy that, to quote Russell Brain, “would credit a trained physician.” PMID:28167994</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3926285','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3926285"><span>Nonexposure <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> Location K-Anonymity Algorithm in LBS</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p></p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>This paper tackles location privacy protection in current location-<span class="hlt">based</span> services (LBS) where mobile users have to report their exact location information to an LBS provider in order to obtain their desired services. Location cloaking has been proposed and well studied to protect user privacy. It blurs the user's <span class="hlt">accurate</span> coordinate and replaces it with a well-shaped cloaked region. However, to obtain such an anonymous spatial region (ASR), nearly all existent cloaking algorithms require knowing the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> locations of all users. Therefore, location cloaking without exposing the user's <span class="hlt">accurate</span> location to any party is urgently needed. In this paper, we present such two nonexposure <span class="hlt">accurate</span> location cloaking algorithms. They are designed for K-anonymity, and cloaking is performed <span class="hlt">based</span> on the identifications (IDs) of the grid areas which were reported by all the users, instead of directly on their <span class="hlt">accurate</span> coordinates. Experimental results show that our algorithms are more secure than the existent cloaking algorithms, need not have all the users reporting their locations all the time, and can generate smaller ASR. PMID:24605060</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19459160','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19459160"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of metastatic pancreatic mesenchymal tumors by endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Varghese, Linda; Ngae, Min Yi; Wilson, Andrew P; Crowder, Clinton D; Gulbahce, H Evin; Pambuccian, Stefan E</p> <p>2009-11-01</p> <p>Involvement of the pancreas by metastatic sarcoma is rare, and can prove challenging to differentiate from sarcomatoid carcinomas which occur more commonly. The endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) technique has been successfully used for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pancreatic carcinomas whether primary or metastatic, and is now considered the most effective noninvasive method for the identification of pancreatic metastases. However, to date very few reports detail the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of mesenchymal neoplasms by EUS-FNA. Herein, we report a series of four patients who underwent EUS-FNA of the pancreas, where the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of metastatic sarcoma was made <span class="hlt">based</span> on morphology and ancillary studies. The cases include metastases of leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, and solitary fibrous tumor. The history of a primary sarcoma of the chest wall, mediastinum, and respectively lower extremity was known for the first three of these patients while in the case of the solitary fibrous tumor a remote history of a paraspinal "hemangiopericytoma" was only elicited after the EUS-FNA <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was made. We conclude that EUS-FNA is efficient and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> in providing a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of sarcoma, even in patients without a known primary sarcoma, thus allowing institution of therapy without additional biopsies.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JEI....24a3031E','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015JEI....24a3031E"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> palm vein recognition <span class="hlt">based</span> on wavelet scattering and spectral regression kernel discriminant analysis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Elnasir, Selma; Shamsuddin, Siti Mariyam; Farokhi, Sajad</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Palm vein recognition (PVR) is a promising new biometric that has been applied successfully as a method of access control by many organizations, which has even further potential in the field of forensics. The palm vein pattern has highly discriminative features that are difficult to forge because of its subcutaneous position in the palm. Despite considerable progress and a few practical issues, providing <span class="hlt">accurate</span> palm vein readings has remained an unsolved issue in biometrics. We propose a robust and more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> PVR method <span class="hlt">based</span> on the combination of wavelet scattering (WS) with spectral regression kernel discriminant analysis (SRKDA). As the dimension of WS generated features is quite large, SRKDA is required to reduce the extracted features to enhance the discrimination. The results <span class="hlt">based</span> on two public databases-PolyU Hyper Spectral Palmprint public database and PolyU Multi Spectral Palmprint-show the high performance of the proposed scheme in comparison with state-of-the-art methods. The proposed approach scored a 99.44% identification rate and a 99.90% verification rate [equal error rate (EER)=0.1%] for the hyperspectral database and a 99.97% identification rate and a 99.98% verification rate (EER=0.019%) for the multispectral database.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21544785','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21544785"><span>[Definition of the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Osteomyelitis-Osteomyelitis <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Score (ODS)].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Schmidt, H G K; Tiemann, A H; Braunschweig, R; Diefenbeck, M; Bühler, M; Abitzsch, D; Haustedt, N; Walter, G; Schoop, R; Heppert, V; Hofmann, G O; Glombitza, M; Grimme, C; Gerlach, U-J; Flesch, I</p> <p>2011-08-01</p> <p>The disease "osteomyelitis" is characterised by different symptoms and parameters. Decisive roles in the development of the disease are played by the causative bacteria, the route of infection and the individual defense mechanisms of the host. The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is <span class="hlt">based</span> on different symptoms and findings from the clinical history, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, diagnostic imaging, microbiological and histopathological analyses. While different osteomyelitis classifications have been published, there is to the best of our knowledge no score that gives information how sure the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> "osteomyelitis" is in general. For any scientific study of a disease a valid definition is essential. We have developed a special osteomyelitis <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> score for the reliable classification of clinical, laboratory and technical findings. The score is <span class="hlt">based</span> on five diagnostic procedures: 1) clinical history and risk factors, 2) clinical examination and laboratory results, 3) diagnostic imaging (ultrasound, radiology, CT, MRI, nuclear medicine and hybrid methods), 4) microbiology, and 5) histopathology. Each diagnostic procedure is related to many individual findings, which are weighted by a score system, in order to achieve a relevant value for each assessment. If the sum of the five diagnostic criteria is 18 or more points, the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of osteomyelitis can be viewed as "safe" (<span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> class A). Between 8-17 points the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is "probable" (<span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> class B). Less than 8 points means that the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is "possible, but unlikely" (class C <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>). Since each parameter can score six points at a maximum, a reliable <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> can only be achieved if at least 3 parameters are scored with 6 points. The osteomyelitis <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> score should help to avoid the false description of a clinical presentation as "osteomyelitis". A safe <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is essential for the aetiology, treatment and outcome studies of osteomyelitis. © Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2638020','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2638020"><span>[Desmoplastic fibroma. Differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of a periapical lesion from endodontic failure].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zabalegui, B; Gil, J; Zabalegui, I</p> <p>1989-01-01</p> <p>Treatment of endodontically involved teeth requires <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the clinical pulpal condition to determine the primary cause of pathosis. The case presented shows the differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> between a desmoplastic fibroma and a failure of a misdiagnosed endodontic treatment. The initial direction of treatment should had never been the endodontic therapy but local surgical curettage of the lesion.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2851319','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2851319"><span>How <span class="hlt">accurate</span> are leukocyte indices and C-reactive protein for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of neonatal sepsis?</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>da Silva, Orlando; Ohlsson, Arne</p> <p>1998-01-01</p> <p>Early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of neonatal sepsis is often difficult to make. Treatment on the basis of clinical suspicion and risk factors may result in overtreatment. A previous review of the usefulness of C-reactive protein and leukocyte indices concluded that these test results should be interpreted with caution. The present paper reviews and, when appropriate, revises, in light of new information, the conclusions reached in the previous systematic review of the topic. PMID:20401235</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864925','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9864925"><span>Acute generalized, widespread bleeding. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and management.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Rocha, E; Páramo, J A; Montes, R; Panizo, C</p> <p>1998-11-01</p> <p>Acute generalized, widespread bleeding is often related to disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a pathologic process which complicates the clinical course of many diseases and is characterized by huge amounts of thrombin and plasmin within the circulation. The final result is the consumption of platelets, coagulation factors and inhibitors, as well as secondary hyperfibrinolysis, all leading to diffuse hemorrhage and microthromboses. This review article examines the present attitudes to the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment of overt DIC in clinical practice, emphasizing the importance of an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> from some other processes characterized by acute generalized, widespread bleeding. The authors have been working in this field, both at experimental and clinical levels, contributing original papers for many years. In addition, material examined in this review includes articles published in journals covered by MedLine, recent reviews in journals with high impact factor and in relevant books on hemostasis and thrombosis. DIC is an intermediary mechanism of disease which complicates the clinical course of many well-known disorders. Although the systemic hemorrhagic syndrome is the predominant clinical manifestation, massive intravascular thrombosis frequently occurs contributing to ischemia and associated organ damage, making the mortality rate of this condition high. Current concepts on the pathophysiology, laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of DIC are presented. Complex pathophysiological interrelations make the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the etiology of the DIC difficult in clinical practice, although simple tests are useful for identification of patients with the process. Laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of DIC is mainly <span class="hlt">based</span> on screening assays, which allow a rapid <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, whereas some other highly sensitive but more complex assays are not always available to routine clinical laboratories. The management of DIC is <span class="hlt">based</span> on the treatment of the underlying disease</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3567286','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3567286"><span>Dawn of ocular gene therapy: implications for molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in retinal disease</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Jacques, ZANEVELD; Feng, WANG; Xia, WANG; Rui, CHEN</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Personalized medicine aims to utilize genomic information about patients to tailor treatment. Gene replacement therapy for rare genetic disorders is perhaps the most extreme form of personalized medicine, in that the patients’ genome wholly determines their treatment regimen. Gene therapy for retinal disorders is poised to become a clinical reality. The eye is an optimal site for gene therapy due to the relative ease of precise vector delivery, immune system isolation, and availability for monitoring of any potential damage or side effects. Due to these advantages, clinical trials for gene therapy of retinal diseases are currently underway. A necessary precursor to such gene therapies is <span class="hlt">accurate</span> molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the mutation(s) underlying disease. In this review, we discuss the application of Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) to obtain such a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and identify disease causing genes, using retinal disorders as a case study. After reviewing ocular gene therapy, we discuss the application of NGS to the identification of novel Mendelian disease genes. We then compare current, array <span class="hlt">based</span> mutation detection methods against next NGS-<span class="hlt">based</span> methods in three retinal diseases: Leber’s Congenital Amaurosis, Retinitis Pigmentosa, and Stargardt’s disease. We conclude that next-generation sequencing <span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> offers several advantages over array <span class="hlt">based</span> methods, including a higher rate of successful <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and the ability to more deeply and efficiently assay a broad spectrum of mutations. However, the relative difficulty of interpreting sequence results and the development of standardized, reliable bioinformatic tools remain outstanding concerns. In this review, recent advances NGS <span class="hlt">based</span> molecular diagnoses are discussed, as well as their implications for the development of personalized medicine. PMID:23393028</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486205','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28486205"><span>Statin use after esophageal cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and survival: A population <span class="hlt">based</span> cohort study.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Cardwell, Chris R; Spence, Andrew D; Hughes, Carmel M; Murray, Liam J</p> <p>2017-06-01</p> <p>A recent epidemiological study of esophageal cancer patients concluded statin use post-<span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was associated with large (38%) and significant reductions in cancer-specific mortality. We investigated statin use and cancer-specific mortality in a large population-<span class="hlt">based</span> cohort of esophageal cancer patients. Newly diagnosed [2009-2012] esophageal cancer patients were identified from the Scottish Cancer Registry and linked with the Prescribing Information System and Scotland Death Records (to January 2015). Time-dependent Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) for cancer-specific mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by post-diagnostic statin use (using a 6 month lag to reduce reverse causation) and to adjust these HRs for potential confounders. 1921 esophageal cancer patients were included in the main analysis, of whom 651 (34%) used statins after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. There was little evidence of a reduction in esophageal cancer-specific mortality in statin users compared with non-users after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (adjusted HR=0.93, 95% CI, 0.81, 1.07) and no dose response associations were seen. However, statin users compared with non-users in the year before <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> had a weak reduction in esophageal cancer-specific mortality (adjusted HR=0.88, 95% CI, 0.79, 0.99). In this large population-<span class="hlt">based</span> esophageal cancer cohort, there was little evidence of a reduction in esophageal cancer-specific mortality with statin use after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25421780','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25421780"><span>Chronic Pain: Content Validation of Nursing <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> in Slovakia and the Czech Republic.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zeleníková, Renáta; Maniaková, Lenka</p> <p>2015-10-01</p> <p>The main purpose of the study was to validate the defining characteristics and related factors of the nursing <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> "chronic pain" in Slovakia and the Czech Republic. This is a descriptive study. The validation process involved was <span class="hlt">based</span> on Fehring's Diagnostic Content Validity Model. Three defining characteristics (reports pain, altered ability to continue previous activities, and depression) were classified as major by Slovak nurses, and one defining characteristic (reports pain) was classified as major by Czech nurses. The results of the study provide guidance in devising strategies of pain assessment and can aid in the formulation of <span class="hlt">accurate</span> nursing diagnoses. The defining characteristic "reports pain" is important for arriving at the nursing <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> "chronic pain." © 2014 NANDA International, Inc.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_14");'>14</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li class="active"><span>16</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_16 --> <div id="page_17" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li class="active"><span>17</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="321"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2327641','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2327641"><span>A Clinical Approach to the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Acid-<span class="hlt">Base</span> Disorders</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Bear, Robert A.</p> <p>1986-01-01</p> <p>The ability to diagnose and manage acid-<span class="hlt">base</span> disorders rapidly and effectively is essential to the care of critically ill patients. This article presents an approach to the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pure and mixed acid-<span class="hlt">base</span> disorders, metabolic or respiratory. The approach taken is <span class="hlt">based</span> on using the law of mass-action equation as it applies to the bicarbonate buffer system (Henderson equation), using sub-classifications for diagnostic purposes of causes of metabolic acidosis and metabolic alkalosis, and using a knowledge of the well-defined and predictable compensatory responses that attempt to limit the change in pH in each of the primary acid-<span class="hlt">base</span> disorders. PMID:21267134</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29297279','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29297279"><span>CUFID-query: <span class="hlt">accurate</span> network querying through random walk <span class="hlt">based</span> network flow estimation.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Jeong, Hyundoo; Qian, Xiaoning; Yoon, Byung-Jun</p> <p>2017-12-28</p> <p>Functional modules in biological networks consist of numerous biomolecules and their complicated interactions. Recent studies have shown that biomolecules in a functional module tend to have similar interaction patterns and that such modules are often conserved across biological networks of different species. As a result, such conserved functional modules can be identified through comparative analysis of biological networks. In this work, we propose a novel network querying algorithm <span class="hlt">based</span> on the CUFID (Comparative network analysis Using the steady-state network Flow to IDentify orthologous proteins) framework combined with an efficient seed-and-extension approach. The proposed algorithm, CUFID-query, can <span class="hlt">accurately</span> detect conserved functional modules as small subnetworks in the target network that are expected to perform similar functions to the given query functional module. The CUFID framework was recently developed for probabilistic pairwise global comparison of biological networks, and it has been applied to pairwise global network alignment, where the framework was shown to yield <span class="hlt">accurate</span> network alignment results. In the proposed CUFID-query algorithm, we adopt the CUFID framework and extend it for local network alignment, specifically to solve network querying problems. First, in the seed selection phase, the proposed method utilizes the CUFID framework to compare the query and the target networks and to predict the probabilistic node-to-node correspondence between the networks. Next, the algorithm selects and greedily extends the seed in the target network by iteratively adding nodes that have frequent interactions with other nodes in the seed network, in a way that the conductance of the extended network is maximally reduced. Finally, CUFID-query removes irrelevant nodes from the querying results <span class="hlt">based</span> on the personalized PageRank vector for the induced network that includes the fully extended network and its neighboring nodes. Through extensive</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26345554','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26345554"><span>[Approach to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of myeloproliferative neoplasm variants].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Mitsumori, Toru; Kirito, Keita</p> <p>2015-08-01</p> <p>Myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) variants are defined as relatively uncommon myeloid neoplasms which do not meet the criteria for either classical MPN or myelodysplastic syndrome. Due to the lack of specific markers, it has been challenging to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> diagnose these malignant diseases. Recent studies have revealed new genetic abnormalities in MPN variants. These research advances are anticipated to open new approaches to not only achieving <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> but also novel therapeutic options for these diseases.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29419585','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29419585"><span>Application of Digital <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and Treatment Technique in Benign Mandibular Diseases.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ju, Rui; Zeng, Wei; Lian, Xiaotian; Chen, Gang; Yin, Huaqiang; Tang, Wei</p> <p>2018-05-01</p> <p>To explore the feasibility of preoperative planning for treatment of benign mandibular lesions (BML) using digital technologies such as three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction, measurement, visualization as well as image contrast and design of neural positioning protection template (NPPT) in combination with 3D printing technology in the BML <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment. The 3D models of BML and inferior alveolar nerves (IAN) of 10 BML patients were reconstructed <span class="hlt">based</span> on their digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) data using MIMICS16.0 software. The models were used to visualize lesions and nerve contrast measurement and guide design of personalized NPPT and osteotomy after operation modality was determined in order to achieve <span class="hlt">accurate</span>, minimally invasive operation with shortened intraoperative time. Intraoperative NPPT application could <span class="hlt">accurately</span> locate lesions and their scope and assist osteotomy. The measurement results were consistent with those of preoperative reconstruction and measurement. The BML were curetted completely without damage IAN. The 10 BML patients had no numbness and other discomforts in the lower lip and mandibular teeth after operation. The digital <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment technology is an effective method for functional treatment of BML patients and its application could achieve personalized, minimally invasive and precise treatment and save intraoperation time.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29048936','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29048936"><span>Computed tomography in hypersensitivity pneumonitis: main findings, differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and pitfalls.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Dias, Olívia Meira; Baldi, Bruno Guedes; Pennati, Francesca; Aliverti, Andrea; Chate, Rodrigo Caruso; Sawamura, Márcio Valente Yamada; Carvalho, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de; Albuquerque, André Luis Pereira de</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is a disease with variable clinical presentation in which inflammation in the lung parenchyma is caused by the inhalation of specific organic antigens or low molecular weight substances in genetically susceptible individuals. Alterations of the acute, subacute and chronic forms may eventually overlap, and the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on temporality and presence of fibrosis (acute/inflammatory HP vs. chronic HP) seems to be more feasible and useful in clinical practice. Differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of chronic HP with other interstitial fibrotic diseases is challenging due to the overlap of the clinical history, and the functional and imaging findings of these pathologies in the terminal stages. Areas covered: This article reviews the essential features of HP with emphasis on imaging features. Moreover, the main methodological limitations of high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) interpretation are discussed, as well as new perspectives with volumetric quantitative CT analysis as a useful tool for retrieving detailed and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> information from the lung parenchyma. Expert commentary: Mosaic attenuation is a prominent feature of this disease, but air trapping in chronic HP seems overestimated. Quantitative analysis has the potential to estimate the involvement of the pulmonary parenchyma more <span class="hlt">accurately</span> and could correlate better with pulmonary function results.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29304935','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29304935"><span>Identifying Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis Patients in Retrospective Databases When <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Codes Are Not Available: A Validation Study Comparing Medication/Prescriber Visit-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Algorithms with <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Codes.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Dobson-Belaire, Wendy; Goodfield, Jason; Borrelli, Richard; Liu, Fei Fei; Khan, Zeba M</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>Using <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> code-<span class="hlt">based</span> algorithms is the primary method of identifying patient cohorts for retrospective studies; nevertheless, many databases lack reliable <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> code information. To develop precise algorithms <span class="hlt">based</span> on medication claims/prescriber visits (MCs/PVs) to identify psoriasis (PsO) patients and psoriatic patients with arthritic conditions (PsO-AC), a proxy for psoriatic arthritis, in Canadian databases lacking <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> codes. Algorithms were developed using medications with narrow indication profiles in combination with prescriber specialty to define PsO and PsO-AC. For a 3-year study period from July 1, 2009, algorithms were validated using the PharMetrics Plus database, which contains both adjudicated medication claims and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> codes. Positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), sensitivity, and specificity of the developed algorithms were assessed using <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> code as the reference standard. Chosen algorithms were then applied to Canadian drug databases to profile the algorithm-identified PsO and PsO-AC cohorts. In the selected database, 183,328 patients were identified for validation. The highest PPVs for PsO (85%) and PsO-AC (65%) occurred when a predictive algorithm of two or more MCs/PVs was compared with the reference standard of one or more <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> codes. NPV and specificity were high (99%-100%), whereas sensitivity was low (≤30%). Reducing the number of MCs/PVs or increasing <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> claims decreased the algorithms' PPVs. We have developed an MC/PV-<span class="hlt">based</span> algorithm to identify PsO patients with a high degree of accuracy, but accuracy for PsO-AC requires further investigation. Such methods allow researchers to conduct retrospective studies in databases in which <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> codes are absent. Copyright © 2018 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5945057','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5945057"><span>Using pseudoalignment and <span class="hlt">base</span> quality to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> quantify microbial community composition</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Novembre, John</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>Pooled DNA from multiple unknown organisms arises in a variety of contexts, for example microbial samples from ecological or human health research. Determining the composition of pooled samples can be difficult, especially at the scale of modern sequencing data and reference databases. Here we propose a novel method for taxonomic profiling in pooled DNA that combines the speed and low-memory requirements of k-mer <span class="hlt">based</span> pseudoalignment with a likelihood framework that uses <span class="hlt">base</span> quality information to better resolve multiply mapped reads. We apply the method to the problem of classifying 16S rRNA reads using a reference database of known organisms, a common challenge in microbiome research. Using simulations, we show the method is <span class="hlt">accurate</span> across a variety of read lengths, with different length reference sequences, at different sample depths, and when samples contain reads originating from organisms absent from the reference. We also assess performance in real 16S data, where we reanalyze previous genetic association data to show our method discovers a larger number of quantitative trait associations than other widely used methods. We implement our method in the software Karp, for k-mer <span class="hlt">based</span> analysis of read pools, to provide a novel combination of speed and accuracy that is uniquely suited for enhancing discoveries in microbial studies. PMID:29659582</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MS%26E..231a2015L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MS%26E..231a2015L"><span>Research of converter transformer fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on improved PSO-BP algorithm</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Long, Qi; Guo, Shuyong; Li, Qing; Sun, Yong; Li, Yi; Fan, Youping</p> <p>2017-09-01</p> <p>To overcome those disadvantages that BP (Back Propagation) neural network and conventional Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) converge at the global best particle repeatedly in early stage and is easy trapped in local optima and with low <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy when being applied in converter transformer fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, we come up with the improved PSO-BP neural network to improve the accuracy rate. This algorithm improves the inertia weight Equation by using the attenuation strategy <span class="hlt">based</span> on concave function to avoid the premature convergence of PSO algorithm and Time-Varying Acceleration Coefficient (TVAC) strategy was adopted to balance the local search and global search ability. At last the simulation results prove that the proposed approach has a better ability in optimizing BP neural network in terms of network output error, global searching performance and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008SPIE.6919E..16S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2008SPIE.6919E..16S"><span>Computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> workstation and network system for chest <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on multislice CT images</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Satoh, Hitoshi; Niki, Noboru; Eguchi, Kenji; Moriyama, Noriyuki; Ohmatsu, Hironobu; Masuda, Hideo; Machida, Suguru</p> <p>2008-03-01</p> <p>Mass screening <span class="hlt">based</span> on multi-helical CT images requires a considerable number of images to be read. It is this time-consuming step that makes the use of helical CT for mass screening impractical at present. To overcome this problem, we have provided diagnostic assistance methods to medical screening specialists by developing a lung cancer screening algorithm that automatically detects suspected lung cancers in helical CT images, a coronary artery calcification screening algorithm that automatically detects suspected coronary artery calcification and a vertebra body analysis algorithm for quantitative evaluation of osteoporosis likelihood by using helical CT scanner for the lung cancer mass screening. The function to observe suspicious shadow in detail are provided in computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> workstation with these screening algorithms. We also have developed the telemedicine network by using Web medical image conference system with the security improvement of images transmission, Biometric fingerprint authentication system and Biometric face authentication system. Biometric face authentication used on site of telemedicine makes "Encryption of file" and Success in login" effective. As a result, patients' private information is protected. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on these diagnostic assistance methods, we have developed a new computer-aided workstation and a new telemedicine network that can display suspected lesions three-dimensionally in a short time. The results of this study indicate that our radiological information system without film by using computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> workstation and our telemedicine network system can increase diagnostic speed, diagnostic accuracy and security improvement of medical information.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015SPIE.9659E..0PK','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015SPIE.9659E..0PK"><span>Highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and fast optical penetration-<span class="hlt">based</span> silkworm gender separation system</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Kamtongdee, Chakkrit; Sumriddetchkajorn, Sarun; Chanhorm, Sataporn</p> <p>2015-07-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Based</span> on our research work in the last five years, this paper highlights our innovative optical sensing system that can identify and separate silkworm gender highly suitable for sericulture industry. The key idea relies on our proposed optical penetration concepts and once combined with simple image processing operations leads to high accuracy in identifying of silkworm gender. Inside the system, there are electronic and mechanical parts that assist in controlling the overall system operation, processing the optical signal, and separating the female from male silkworm pupae. With current system performance, we achieve a very highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> more than 95% in identifying gender of silkworm pupae with an average system operational speed of 30 silkworm pupae/minute. Three of our systems are already in operation at Thailand's Queen Sirikit Sericulture Centers.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20703184','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20703184"><span>Serological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of brucellosis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Nielsen, K; Yu, W L</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>To present a review and to describe the most widely used laboratory tests for serology <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of brucellosis along with their pros and cons. Review the recent literature on brucellosis serology diagnostic tests. The choice of the testing strategy depends on the prevailing brucellosis epidemiological situation and the goal of testing. The 'gold standard' for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of brucellosis is isolation and identification of the causative bacterium, a member of Brucella sp. Isolation of Brucella sp. requires high security laboratory facilities (biological containment level 3), highly skilled personnel, an extended turnaround time for results and it is considered a hazardous procedure. Hence brucellosis is generally diagnosed by detection of an elevated level of antibody in serum or other body fluid. This is a presumptive <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> as other microorganisms and perhaps environmental factors can also cause increased antibody levels. A large number of serological tests for brucellosis have been devised over the 100+ years since its initial isolation, starting with a simple agglutination test and progressing to sophisticated primary binding assays available today. However, no test devised to date is 100% <span class="hlt">accurate</span> so generally serological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> consists of testing sera by several tests, usually a screening test of high sensitivity, followed by a confirmatory test of high specificity.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28716658','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28716658"><span>Stool antigen immunodetection for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Giardia duodenalis infection in human subjects with HIV and cancer.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Nooshadokht, Maryam; Kalantari-Khandani, Behjat; Sharifi, Iraj; Kamyabi, Hossein; Liyanage, Namal P M; Lagenaur, Laurel A; Kagnoff, Martin F; Singer, Steven M; Babaei, Zahra; Solaymani-Mohammadi, Shahram</p> <p>2017-10-01</p> <p>Human infection with the protozoan parasite Giardia duodenalis is one the most common parasitic diseases worldwide. Higher incidence rates of giardiasis have been reported from human subjects with multiple debilitating chronic conditions, including hypogammaglobulinemia and common variable immunodeficiency (CVID). In the current study, stool specimens were collected from 199 individuals diagnosed with HIV or cancer and immunocompetent subjects. The sensitivity of microscopy-<span class="hlt">based</span> detection on fresh stool preparations, trichrome staining and stool antigen immunodetection for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of G. duodenalis were 36%, 45.5% and 100%, respectively when compared with a highly sensitive stool-<span class="hlt">based</span> PCR method as the gold standard. Further multilocus molecular analyses using glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) and triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) loci demonstrated that the AI genotype of G. duodenalis was the most prevalent, followed by the AII genotype and mixed (AI+B) infections. We concluded that stool antigen immunodetection-<span class="hlt">based</span> immunoassays and stool-<span class="hlt">based</span> PCR amplification had comparable sensitivity and specificity for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of G. duodenalis infections in these populations. Stool antigen detection-<span class="hlt">based</span> diagnostic modalities are rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and may offer alternatives to conventional microscopy and PCR-<span class="hlt">based</span> diagnostic methods for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of G. duodenalis in human subjects living with HIV or cancer. Copyright © 2017. Published by Elsevier B.V.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017PMB....62.3757Y','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017PMB....62.3757Y"><span>An automated method for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> vessel segmentation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Yang, Xin; Liu, Chaoyue; Le Minh, Hung; Wang, Zhiwei; Chien, Aichi; (Tim Cheng, Kwang-Ting</p> <p>2017-05-01</p> <p>Vessel segmentation is a critical task for various medical applications, such as <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> assistance of diabetic retinopathy, quantification of cerebral aneurysm’s growth, and guiding surgery in neurosurgical procedures. Despite technology advances in image segmentation, existing methods still suffer from low accuracy for vessel segmentation in the two challenging while common scenarios in clinical usage: (1) regions with a low signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR), and (2) at vessel boundaries disturbed by adjacent non-vessel pixels. In this paper, we present an automated system which can achieve highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> vessel segmentation for both 2D and 3D images even under these challenging scenarios. Three key contributions achieved by our system are: (1) a progressive contrast enhancement method to adaptively enhance contrast of challenging pixels that were otherwise indistinguishable, (2) a boundary refinement method to effectively improve segmentation accuracy at vessel borders <span class="hlt">based</span> on Canny edge detection, and (3) a content-aware region-of-interests (ROI) adjustment method to automatically determine the locations and sizes of ROIs which contain ambiguous pixels and demand further verification. Extensive evaluation of our method is conducted on both 2D and 3D datasets. On a public 2D retinal dataset (named DRIVE (Staal 2004 IEEE Trans. Med. Imaging 23 501-9)) and our 2D clinical cerebral dataset, our approach achieves superior performance to the state-of-the-art methods including a vesselness <span class="hlt">based</span> method (Frangi 1998 Int. Conf. on Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted Intervention) and an optimally oriented flux (OOF) <span class="hlt">based</span> method (Law and Chung 2008 European Conf. on Computer Vision). An evaluation on 11 clinical 3D CTA cerebral datasets shows that our method can achieve 94% average accuracy with respect to the manual segmentation reference, which is 23% to 33% better than the five baseline methods (Yushkevich 2006 Neuroimage 31 1116-28; Law and Chung 2008</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MS%26E..339a2001M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MS%26E..339a2001M"><span>A Power Transformers Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Model <span class="hlt">Based</span> on Three DGA Ratios and PSO Optimization SVM</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Ma, Hongzhe; Zhang, Wei; Wu, Rongrong; Yang, Chunyan</p> <p>2018-03-01</p> <p>In order to make up for the shortcomings of existing transformer fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methods in dissolved gas-in-oil analysis (DGA) feature selection and parameter optimization, a transformer fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> model <span class="hlt">based</span> on the three DGA ratios and particle swarm optimization (PSO) optimize support vector machine (SVM) is proposed. Using transforming support vector machine to the nonlinear and multi-classification SVM, establishing the particle swarm optimization to optimize the SVM multi classification model, and conducting transformer fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> combined with the cross validation principle. The fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> results show that the average accuracy of test method is better than the standard support vector machine and genetic algorithm support vector machine, and the proposed method can effectively improve the accuracy of transformer fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is proved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=solomon+AND+four+AND+group&pg=7&id=EJ471972','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=solomon+AND+four+AND+group&pg=7&id=EJ471972"><span>Clinical <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> among Diverse Populations: A Multicultural Perspective.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Solomon, Alison</p> <p>1992-01-01</p> <p>Discusses four ways in which clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> can be detrimental to minority clients: (1) cultural expressions of symptomatology; (2) unreliable research instruments; (3) clinician bias; and (4) institutional racism. Recommendations to avoid misdiagnosis begin with <span class="hlt">accurate</span> assessment of a client's history and cultural background. (SLD)</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15880907','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15880907"><span>Online model-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> to support autonomous operation of an advanced life support system.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Biswas, Gautam; Manders, Eric-Jan; Ramirez, John; Mahadevan, Nagabhusan; Abdelwahed, Sherif</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>This article describes methods for online model-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of subsystems of the advanced life support system (ALS). The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methodology is tailored to detect, isolate, and identify faults in components of the system quickly so that fault-adaptive control techniques can be applied to maintain system operation without interruption. We describe the components of our hybrid modeling scheme and the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methodology, and then demonstrate the effectiveness of this methodology by building a detailed model of the reverse osmosis (RO) system of the water recovery system (WRS) of the ALS. This model is validated with real data collected from an experimental testbed at NASA JSC. A number of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> experiments run on simulated faulty data are presented and the results are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20050184248&hterms=ALS&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D60%26Ntt%3DALS','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20050184248&hterms=ALS&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D60%26Ntt%3DALS"><span>Online model-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> to support autonomous operation of an advanced life support system</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Biswas, Gautam; Manders, Eric-Jan; Ramirez, John; Mahadevan, Nagabhusan; Abdelwahed, Sherif</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>This article describes methods for online model-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of subsystems of the advanced life support system (ALS). The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methodology is tailored to detect, isolate, and identify faults in components of the system quickly so that fault-adaptive control techniques can be applied to maintain system operation without interruption. We describe the components of our hybrid modeling scheme and the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methodology, and then demonstrate the effectiveness of this methodology by building a detailed model of the reverse osmosis (RO) system of the water recovery system (WRS) of the ALS. This model is validated with real data collected from an experimental testbed at NASA JSC. A number of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> experiments run on simulated faulty data are presented and the results are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SPIE.5749..442K','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2005SPIE.5749..442K"><span>Image-<span class="hlt">based</span> computer-assisted <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Kohigashi, Satoru; Nakamae, Koji; Fujioka, Hiromu</p> <p>2005-04-01</p> <p>We develop the image <span class="hlt">based</span> computer assisted <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) that consists of the balance control system simulator, the 3D eye movement simulator, and the extraction method of nystagmus response directly from an eye movement image sequence. In the system, the causes and conditions of BPPV are estimated by searching the database for record matching with the nystagmus response for the observed eye image sequence of the patient with BPPV. The database includes the nystagmus responses for simulated eye movement sequences. The eye movement velocity is obtained by using the balance control system simulator that allows us to simulate BPPV under various conditions such as canalithiasis, cupulolithiasis, number of otoconia, otoconium size, and so on. Then the eye movement image sequence is displayed on the CRT by the 3D eye movement simulator. The nystagmus responses are extracted from the image sequence by the proposed method and are stored in the database. In order to enhance the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy, the nystagmus response for a newly simulated sequence is matched with that for the observed sequence. From the matched simulation conditions, the causes and conditions of BPPV are estimated. We apply our image <span class="hlt">based</span> computer assisted <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system to two real eye movement image sequences for patients with BPPV to show its validity.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5751499','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5751499"><span>A Hybrid Feature Model and Deep-Learning-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Bearing Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Sohaib, Muhammad; Kim, Cheol-Hong; Kim, Jong-Myon</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Bearing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is imperative for the maintenance, reliability, and durability of rotary machines. It can reduce economical losses by eliminating unexpected downtime in industry due to failure of rotary machines. Though widely investigated in the past couple of decades, continued advancement is still desirable to improve upon existing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> techniques. Vibration acceleration signals collected from machine bearings exhibit nonstationary behavior due to variable working conditions and multiple fault severities. In the current work, a two-layered bearing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> scheme is proposed for the identification of fault pattern and crack size for a given fault type. A hybrid feature pool is used in combination with sparse stacked autoencoder (SAE)-<span class="hlt">based</span> deep neural networks (DNNs) to perform effective <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bearing faults of multiple severities. The hybrid feature pool can extract more discriminating information from the raw vibration signals, to overcome the nonstationary behavior of the signals caused by multiple crack sizes. More discriminating information helps the subsequent classifier to effectively classify data into the respective classes. The results indicate that the proposed scheme provides satisfactory performance in diagnosing bearing defects of multiple severities. Moreover, the results also demonstrate that the proposed model outperforms other state-of-the-art algorithms, i.e., support vector machines (SVMs) and backpropagation neural networks (BPNNs). PMID:29232908</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40830169&referer=brief_results','USGSPUBS'); return false;" href="http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40830169&referer=brief_results"><span>Avian toxicologic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/pubs/index.jsp?view=adv">USGS Publications Warehouse</a></p> <p>Sigurdson, C.J.; Franson, J.C.; Fudge, A.M.</p> <p>2000-01-01</p> <p>This chapter describes the sources and pathophysiology of some potential poisons that affect birds and summarizes useful laboratory tests. The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of poisoning in birds, as in mammals, requires a complete and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> history, careful observation of clinical signs, and a thorough necropsy evaluation. Appropriate sample handling and analysis, <span class="hlt">based</span> on consultation with the diagnostic toxicologist, are critical (Table 19--1). Veterinary toxicology laboratories are becoming increasingly specialized, with only certain laboratories capable of analyzing for drug residues or anticoagulants, for example. Although a local laboratory may not be able to fulfill a specific test request, they may recommend an alternative laboratory or may be willing to forward the sample. As a general rule in suspect poisoning cases, large tissue samples of liver, kidney, brain, and subcutaneous fat and of crop, proventriculus, and ventriculus contents should be collected at necropsy and frozen. Appropriate samples should be submitted frozen, with the remainder held in the freezer for possible later testing. A second set of tissues should be placed in 10% formalin for histopathologic examination.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_15");'>15</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li class="active"><span>17</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_17 --> <div id="page_18" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li class="active"><span>18</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="341"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29295091','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29295091"><span>A Case-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Study with Radiologists Performing <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Tasks in Virtual Reality.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Venson, José Eduardo; Albiero Berni, Jean Carlo; Edmilson da Silva Maia, Carlos; Marques da Silva, Ana Maria; Cordeiro d'Ornellas, Marcos; Maciel, Anderson</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>In radiology <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, medical images are most often visualized slice by slice. At the same time, the visualization <span class="hlt">based</span> on 3D volumetric rendering of the data is considered useful and has increased its field of application. In this work, we present a case-<span class="hlt">based</span> study with 16 medical specialists to assess the diagnostic effectiveness of a Virtual Reality interface in fracture identification over 3D volumetric reconstructions. We developed a VR volume viewer compatible with both the Oculus Rift and handheld-<span class="hlt">based</span> head mounted displays (HMDs). We then performed user experiments to validate the approach in a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> environment. In addition, we assessed the subjects' perception of the 3D reconstruction quality, ease of interaction and ergonomics, and also the users opinion on how VR applications can be useful in healthcare. Among other results, we have found a high level of effectiveness of the VR interface in identifying superficial fractures on head CTs.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5028110','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5028110"><span>Accuracy of Home-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Ultrasonographic <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Obstetric Risk Factors by Primary-Level Health Workers in Rural Nepal</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Kozuki, Naoko; Mullany, Luke C.; Khatry, Subarna K.; Ghimire, Ram K.; Paudel, Sharma; Blakemore, Karin; Bird, Christine; Tielsch, James M.; LeClerq, Steven C.; Katz, Joanne</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Objective To assess the feasibility of task shifting by estimating the accuracy at which primary-level health care workers can perform community-<span class="hlt">based</span> third trimester ultrasound <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for selected obstetric risk factors in rural Nepal. Methods Three auxiliary nurse midwives received two one-week ultrasound trainings at Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital in Kathmandu. In our study site in rural Nepal, women who were ≥32 weeks in gestational age were enrolled and received ultrasound examinations from the auxiliary nurse midwives during home visits. Each auxiliary nurse midwife screened for non-cephalic presentation, multiple gestation, and placenta previa. All de-identified images were stored and uploaded onto an online server, where certified sonologists and sonographers reviewed the images and made their own diagnoses for the three conditions. Accuracy of auxiliary nurse midwife diagnoses was then calculated. Results We enrolled 804 women in the study. Each auxiliary nurse midwife’s kappa statistic for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of non-cephalic presentation was above 0.90 compared with the sonogram reviewers. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were between 90–100% for all auxiliary nurse midwives For multiple gestation, the auxiliary nurse midwives were in perfect agreement with both the sonogram reviewers and maternal postpartum self-report. Two placenta previa cases were detected, and the sonogram reviewers agreed with both. Conclusion With limited training, primary-level health care workers in rural Nepal can <span class="hlt">accurately</span> diagnose selected third trimester obstetric risk factors using ultrasonography. PMID:27500343</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26985687','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26985687"><span>Molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and precision medicine in allergy management.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Riccio, Anna Maria; De Ferrari, Laura; Chiappori, Alessandra; Ledda, Sabina; Passalacqua, Giovanni; Melioli, Giovanni; Canonica, Giorgio Walter</p> <p>2016-11-01</p> <p>Precision medicine (PM) can be defined as a structural model aimed at customizing healthcare, with medical decisions/products tailored on an individual patient at a highly detailed level. In this sense, allergy diagnostics <span class="hlt">based</span> on molecular allergen components allows to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> define the patient's IgE repertoire. The availability of highly specialized singleplexed and multiplexed platforms support allergists with an advanced diagnostic armamentarium. The therapeutic intervention, driven by the standard diagnostic approach, but further supported by these innovative tools may result, for instance, in a more appropriate prescription of allergen immunotherapy (AIT). Also, the phenotyping of patients, which may have relevant effects on the treatment strategy, could be take advantage by the molecular allergy <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011SPIE.7963E..3OC','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011SPIE.7963E..3OC"><span>BCC skin cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on texture analysis techniques</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Chuang, Shao-Hui; Sun, Xiaoyan; Chang, Wen-Yu; Chen, Gwo-Shing; Huang, Adam; Li, Jiang; McKenzie, Frederic D.</p> <p>2011-03-01</p> <p>In this paper, we present a texture analysis <span class="hlt">based</span> method for diagnosing the Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) skin cancer using optical images taken from the suspicious skin regions. We first extracted the Run Length Matrix and Haralick texture features from the images and used a feature selection algorithm to identify the most effective feature set for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. We then utilized a Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) classifier to classify the images to BCC or normal cases. Experiments showed that detecting BCC cancer <span class="hlt">based</span> on optical images is feasible. The best sensitivity and specificity we achieved on our data set were 94% and 95%, respectively.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4418566','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4418566"><span>A Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Methodology for Gear Pump <span class="hlt">Based</span> on EEMD and Bayesian Network</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Liu, Zengkai; Liu, Yonghong; Shan, Hongkai; Cai, Baoping; Huang, Qing</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>This paper proposes a fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methodology for a gear pump <span class="hlt">based</span> on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method and the Bayesian network. Essentially, the presented scheme is a multi-source information fusion <span class="hlt">based</span> methodology. Compared with the conventional fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> with only EEMD, the proposed method is able to take advantage of all useful information besides sensor signals. The presented diagnostic Bayesian network consists of a fault layer, a fault feature layer and a multi-source information layer. Vibration signals from sensor measurement are decomposed by the EEMD method and the energy of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) are calculated as fault features. These features are added into the fault feature layer in the Bayesian network. The other sources of useful information are added to the information layer. The generalized three-layer Bayesian network can be developed by fully incorporating faults and fault symptoms as well as other useful information such as naked eye inspection and maintenance records. Therefore, diagnostic accuracy and capacity can be improved. The proposed methodology is applied to the fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of a gear pump and the structure and parameters of the Bayesian network is established. Compared with artificial neural network and support vector machine classification algorithms, the proposed model has the best diagnostic performance when sensor data is used only. A case study has demonstrated that some information from human observation or system repair records is very helpful to the fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. It is effective and efficient in diagnosing faults <span class="hlt">based</span> on uncertain, incomplete information. PMID:25938760</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25938760','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25938760"><span>A Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Methodology for Gear Pump <span class="hlt">Based</span> on EEMD and Bayesian Network.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Liu, Zengkai; Liu, Yonghong; Shan, Hongkai; Cai, Baoping; Huang, Qing</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>This paper proposes a fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methodology for a gear pump <span class="hlt">based</span> on the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method and the Bayesian network. Essentially, the presented scheme is a multi-source information fusion <span class="hlt">based</span> methodology. Compared with the conventional fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> with only EEMD, the proposed method is able to take advantage of all useful information besides sensor signals. The presented diagnostic Bayesian network consists of a fault layer, a fault feature layer and a multi-source information layer. Vibration signals from sensor measurement are decomposed by the EEMD method and the energy of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) are calculated as fault features. These features are added into the fault feature layer in the Bayesian network. The other sources of useful information are added to the information layer. The generalized three-layer Bayesian network can be developed by fully incorporating faults and fault symptoms as well as other useful information such as naked eye inspection and maintenance records. Therefore, diagnostic accuracy and capacity can be improved. The proposed methodology is applied to the fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of a gear pump and the structure and parameters of the Bayesian network is established. Compared with artificial neural network and support vector machine classification algorithms, the proposed model has the best diagnostic performance when sensor data is used only. A case study has demonstrated that some information from human observation or system repair records is very helpful to the fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. It is effective and efficient in diagnosing faults <span class="hlt">based</span> on uncertain, incomplete information.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23236384','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23236384"><span>Anatomical brain images alone can <span class="hlt">accurately</span> diagnose chronic neuropsychiatric illnesses.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bansal, Ravi; Staib, Lawrence H; Laine, Andrew F; Hao, Xuejun; Xu, Dongrong; Liu, Jun; Weissman, Myrna; Peterson, Bradley S</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Diagnoses using imaging-<span class="hlt">based</span> measures alone offer the hope of improving the accuracy of clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, thereby reducing the costs associated with incorrect treatments. Previous attempts to use brain imaging for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, however, have had only limited success in diagnosing patients who are independent of the samples used to derive the diagnostic algorithms. We aimed to develop a classification algorithm that can <span class="hlt">accurately</span> diagnose chronic, well-characterized neuropsychiatric illness in single individuals, given the availability of sufficiently precise delineations of brain regions across several neural systems in anatomical MR images of the brain. We have developed an automated method to diagnose individuals as having one of various neuropsychiatric illnesses using only anatomical MRI scans. The method employs a semi-supervised learning algorithm that discovers natural groupings of brains <span class="hlt">based</span> on the spatial patterns of variation in the morphology of the cerebral cortex and other brain regions. We used split-half and leave-one-out cross-validation analyses in large MRI datasets to assess the reproducibility and diagnostic accuracy of those groupings. In MRI datasets from persons with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Schizophrenia, Tourette Syndrome, Bipolar Disorder, or persons at high or low familial risk for Major Depressive Disorder, our method discriminated with high specificity and nearly perfect sensitivity the brains of persons who had one specific neuropsychiatric disorder from the brains of healthy participants and the brains of persons who had a different neuropsychiatric disorder. Although the classification algorithm presupposes the availability of precisely delineated brain regions, our findings suggest that patterns of morphological variation across brain surfaces, extracted from MRI scans alone, can successfully diagnose the presence of chronic neuropsychiatric disorders. Extensions of these methods are likely to provide biomarkers</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150857','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16150857"><span>Crohn's disease: increased mortality 10 years after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in a Europe-wide population <span class="hlt">based</span> cohort.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Wolters, F L; Russel, M G; Sijbrandij, J; Schouten, L J; Odes, S; Riis, L; Munkholm, P; Bodini, P; O'Morain, C; Mouzas, I A; Tsianos, E; Vermeire, S; Monteiro, E; Limonard, C; Vatn, M; Fornaciari, G; Pereira, S; Moum, B; Stockbrügger, R W</p> <p>2006-04-01</p> <p>No previous correlation between phenotype at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Crohn's disease (CD) and mortality has been performed. We assessed the predictive value of phenotype at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> on overall and disease related mortality in a European cohort of CD patients. Overall and disease related mortality were recorded 10 years after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in a prospectively assembled, uniformly diagnosed European population <span class="hlt">based</span> inception cohort of 380 CD patients diagnosed between 1991 and 1993. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for geographic and phenotypic subgroups at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Thirty seven deaths were observed in the entire cohort whereas 21.5 deaths were expected (SMR 1.85 (95% CI 1.30-2.55)). Mortality risk was significantly increased in both females (SMR 1.93 (95% CI 1.10-3.14)) and males (SMR 1.79 (95% CI 1.11-2.73)). Patients from northern European centres had a significant overall increased mortality risk (SMR 2.04 (95% CI 1.32-3.01)) whereas a tendency towards increased overall mortality risk was also observed in the south (SMR 1.55 (95% CI 0.80-2.70)). Mortality risk was increased in patients with colonic disease location and with inflammatory disease behaviour at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Mortality risk was also increased in the age group above 40 years at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for both total and CD related causes. Excess mortality was mainly due to gastrointestinal causes that were related to CD. This European multinational population <span class="hlt">based</span> study revealed an increased overall mortality risk in CD patients 10 years after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and age above 40 years at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was found to be the sole factor associated with increased mortality risk.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25728568','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25728568"><span>How <span class="hlt">accurate</span> are orthopedic surgeons in diagnosing periprosthetic joint infection after total knee arthroplasty?: A multicenter study.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Koh, In Jun; Cho, Woo-Shin; Choi, Nam Yong; Parvizi, Javad; Kim, Tae Kyun</p> <p>2015-06-01</p> <p>The lack of standardized diagnostic criteria for periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) poses a challenge to <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PJI. Recently, the Musculoskeletal Infection Society (MSIS) proposed diagnostic criteria for PJI. However, it is not known how well these proposed criteria accommodate real clinical scenarios. We determined what proportion of patients satisfied the MSIS criteria, and if MSIS criteria were not met, what other rationales were used to diagnose PJI. We retrospectively reviewed the records of 303 patients who underwent two-stage exchange arthroplasty for treatment of PJI of the knee at 17 institutions. The rationale for making the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PJI was also recorded, if the case did not meet the MSIS criteria. In addition, detailed information about isolated microorganisms were gathered. Among the 303 patients, 198 met the diagnostic criteria proposed by MSIS. Among the 105 patients who did not meet the MSIS criteria, 88% met two or three minor criteria; however joint fluid analysis or histologic analysis was not performed in 85% of these 105 patients. The most common rationale for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PJI was the presence of abnormal physical findings. Microorganisms were identified in only 52% of all patients; the most common organism was coagulase-negative Staphylococcus. The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PJI was <span class="hlt">based</span> on clinical suspicion in approximately one-third of cases. In this series, joint aspiration or histological analysis was not performed in a large number of patients. Thus, surgeons should perform joint fluid and histologic analysis to assure the accuracy of PJI <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23074412','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23074412"><span>Stress echocardiography for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of coronary artery disease: an evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> analysis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p></p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>In July 2009, the Medical Advisory Secretariat (MAS) began work on Non-Invasive Cardiac Imaging Technologies for the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), an evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> review of the literature surrounding different cardiac imaging modalities to ensure that appropriate technologies are accessed by patients suspected of having CAD. This project came about when the Health Services Branch at the Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care asked MAS to provide an evidentiary platform on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of non-invasive cardiac imaging modalities.After an initial review of the strategy and consultation with experts, MAS identified five key non-invasive cardiac imaging technologies for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of CAD. Evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> analyses have been prepared for each of these five imaging modalities: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, single photon emission computed tomography, 64-slice computed tomographic angiography, stress echocardiography, and stress echocardiography with contrast. For each technology, an economic analysis was also completed (where appropriate). A summary decision analytic model was then developed to encapsulate the data from each of these reports (available on the OHTAC and MAS website).The Non-Invasive Cardiac Imaging Technologies for the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Coronary Artery Disease series is made up of the following reports, which can be publicly accessed at the MAS website at: www.health.gov.on.ca/mas">www.health.gov.on.ca/mas or at www.health.gov.on.ca/english/providers/program/mas/mas_about.htmlSINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY FOR THE <span class="hlt">DIAGNOSIS</span> OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: An Evidence-<span class="hlt">Based</span> AnalysisSTRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY FOR THE <span class="hlt">DIAGNOSIS</span> OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: An Evidence-<span class="hlt">Based</span> AnalysisSTRESS ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY WITH CONTRAST FOR THE <span class="hlt">DIAGNOSIS</span> OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE: An Evidence-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Analysis64-Slice Computed Tomographic Angiography for the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Coronary Artery Disease: An Evidence-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Analysis</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27097589','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27097589"><span>Computer-Aided Characterization and <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Diffuse Liver Diseases <span class="hlt">Based</span> on Ultrasound Imaging: A Review.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bharti, Puja; Mittal, Deepti; Ananthasivan, Rupa</p> <p>2016-04-19</p> <p>Diffuse liver diseases, such as hepatitis, fatty liver, and cirrhosis, are becoming a leading cause of fatality and disability all over the world. Early detection and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of these diseases is extremely important to save lives and improve effectiveness of treatment. Ultrasound imaging, a noninvasive diagnostic technique, is the most commonly used modality for examining liver abnormalities. However, the accuracy of ultrasound-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> depends highly on expertise of radiologists. Computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> systems <span class="hlt">based</span> on ultrasound imaging assist in fast <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, provide a reliable "second opinion" for experts, and act as an effective tool to measure response of treatment on patients undergoing clinical trials. In this review, we first describe appearance of liver abnormalities in ultrasound images and state the practical issues encountered in characterization of diffuse liver diseases that can be addressed by software algorithms. We then discuss computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in general with features and classifiers relevant to diffuse liver diseases. In later sections of this paper, we review the published studies and describe the key findings of those studies. A concise tabular summary comparing image database, features extraction, feature selection, and classification algorithms presented in the published studies is also exhibited. Finally, we conclude with a summary of key findings and directions for further improvements in the areas of accuracy and objectiveness of computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. © The Author(s) 2016.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2863030','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2863030"><span>Anxiety disorders: <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Jack, R A; Mathew, R J</p> <p>1985-07-01</p> <p>Pathologic anxiety, marked by inappropriate apprehension and/or fear, causes patients to seek help. Anxiety is associated with a wide variety of physical illnesses, and these must be initially considered when making a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Similarly, anxiety associated with a wide variety of psychiatric syndromes must also be considered. Finally, the possibility of transient situational anxiety is ever present. Once it is determined that a primary anxiety disorder exists, then the presence or absence of phobias, panic attacks, and chronic "free-floating" anxiety will fully characterize the disorder. With an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in hand, a multifaceted treatment approach can be designed. Effective treatments now exist for phobic and panic disorders, and more effective treatment for chronic generalized anxiety may be forthcoming.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25227033','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25227033"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> airway centerline extraction <span class="hlt">based</span> on topological thinning using graph-theoretic analysis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bian, Zijian; Tan, Wenjun; Yang, Jinzhu; Liu, Jiren; Zhao, Dazhe</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>The quantitative analysis of the airway tree is of critical importance in the CT-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment of popular pulmonary diseases. The extraction of airway centerline is a precursor to identify airway hierarchical structure, measure geometrical parameters, and guide visualized detection. Traditional methods suffer from extra branches and circles due to incomplete segmentation results, which induce false analysis in applications. This paper proposed an automatic and robust centerline extraction method for airway tree. First, the centerline is located <span class="hlt">based</span> on the topological thinning method; border voxels are deleted symmetrically to preserve topological and geometrical properties iteratively. Second, the structural information is generated using graph-theoretic analysis. Then inaccurate circles are removed with a distance weighting strategy, and extra branches are pruned according to clinical anatomic knowledge. The centerline region without false appendices is eventually determined after the described phases. Experimental results show that the proposed method identifies more than 96% branches and keep consistency across different cases and achieves superior circle-free structure and centrality.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29869357','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29869357"><span>Imaging technique for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of onychomatricoma.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Cinotti, E; Veronesi, G; Labeille, B; Cambazard, F; Piraccini, B M; Dika, E; Perrot, J L; Rubegni, P</p> <p>2018-06-05</p> <p>Onychomatricoma is a rare tumour that derives from the nail matrix and grows within the nail plate. The clinical presentation can mimic many other tumours and conditions, and surgical biopsy and histopathological examination are necessary to confirm the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. As nail surgery is a painful experience for the patient and sometimes can leave permanent onychodistrophy, more precise preoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is needed to distinguish onychomatricoma from other nail diseases more <span class="hlt">accurately</span> and to limit surgical interventions. The objective of this study was to evaluate current literature on imaging techniques for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of onychomatricoma in order to understand how this technology can help the presurgical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of this tumour. We searched in the Cochrane Skin Group Specialised library, Medline, Embase and LILACS databases all studies evaluating imaging technique for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of onychomatricoma up to February 2018. We found that not only nail dermoscopy, but also reflectance confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, ultrasonography and magnetic resonance can be useful in this field. © 2018 European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24291851','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24291851"><span>[Initial <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Parkinson's disease - neuroradiological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Orimo, Satoshi</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Brain MRI is essential for differentiating Parkinson's disease (PD) from other parkinsonian syndromes. The purpose of performing brain MRI is not to make a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PD but is to exclude other parkinsonian syndromes. Recently, several new MRI techniques such as voxel <span class="hlt">based</span> morphometry, relaxometry, magnetization transfer, spectroscopy, tractography, and functional MRI have been introduced in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PD. Neuromelanin imaging is one of the new techniques and can be useful to make an initial <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PD. MIBG myocardial scintigraphy is a sensitive imaging tool to differentiate PD from other parkinsonian syndromes and is one of the good tools to make an initial <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PD. Brain perfusion imaging is sometimes useful to make an initial <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PD, because reduced brain perfusion area can be detected before brain MRI detects morphological changes of the brain. Dopamine transporter imaging, not available in Japan, is a sensitive tool to detect very early parkinsonism and is useful to make an initial <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PD. However, it is difficult to differentiate PD from other parkinsonian syndromes.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12685947','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12685947"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of bacterial vaginosis by Amsel's criteria.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Iftikhar, Razia</p> <p>2003-02-01</p> <p>To evaluate Amsel's criteria for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bacterial vaginosis in reproductive age group. Prospective study. This study was conducted in a private hospital in Jeddah, K.S.A between January, 2001 and January, 2002. Patients attending the clinic with complaint of vaginal discharge were selected and screened out for bacterial vaginosis on the basis of Amsel's criteria. Ot of 100 cases 35 (35%) cases were diagnosed as bacterial vaginosis, 25 (25%) were of Candida albicans and 15 (15%) were suffering from trichomoniasis. No pathogen was found in 25 patients. Amsel's criteria is an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> test for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bacterial vaginosis.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24550740','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24550740"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> and robust genomic prediction of celiac disease using statistical learning.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Abraham, Gad; Tye-Din, Jason A; Bhalala, Oneil G; Kowalczyk, Adam; Zobel, Justin; Inouye, Michael</p> <p>2014-02-01</p> <p>Practical application of genomic-<span class="hlt">based</span> risk stratification to clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is appealing yet performance varies widely depending on the disease and genomic risk score (GRS) method. Celiac disease (CD), a common immune-mediated illness, is strongly genetically determined and requires specific HLA haplotypes. HLA testing can exclude <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> but has low specificity, providing little information suitable for clinical risk stratification. Using six European cohorts, we provide a proof-of-concept that statistical learning approaches which simultaneously model all SNPs can generate robust and highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> predictive models of CD <span class="hlt">based</span> on genome-wide SNP profiles. The high predictive capacity replicated both in cross-validation within each cohort (AUC of 0.87-0.89) and in independent replication across cohorts (AUC of 0.86-0.9), despite differences in ethnicity. The models explained 30-35% of disease variance and up to ∼43% of heritability. The GRS's utility was assessed in different clinically relevant settings. Comparable to HLA typing, the GRS can be used to identify individuals without CD with ≥99.6% negative predictive value however, unlike HLA typing, fine-scale stratification of individuals into categories of higher-risk for CD can identify those that would benefit from more invasive and costly definitive testing. The GRS is flexible and its performance can be adapted to the clinical situation by adjusting the threshold cut-off. Despite explaining a minority of disease heritability, our findings indicate a genomic risk score provides clinically relevant information to improve upon current diagnostic pathways for CD and support further studies evaluating the clinical utility of this approach in CD and other complex diseases.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016RSOS....360222A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016RSOS....360222A"><span>First <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of septic arthritis in a dinosaur</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Anné, Jennifer; Hedrick, Brandon P.; Schein, Jason P.</p> <p>2016-08-01</p> <p>Identification and interpretation of pathologies in the fossil record allows for unique insights into the life histories of extinct organisms. However, the rarity of such finds limits not only the sample size for palaeopathologic studies, but also the types of analyses that may be performed. In this study, we present the first occurrence of a palaeopathology in a vertebrate from the Mesozoic of the East Coast of North America (Appalachia), a pathologic ulna and radius of an indeterminate hadrosaur from the Navesink Formation (New Jersey). X-ray microtomography allowed for both detailed and more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the pathologic condition as well as virtual conservation of the specimen. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on extant archosaurian comparisons, the hadrosaur was diagnosed with severe septic arthritis affecting the proximal ulna and radius. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> was <span class="hlt">based</span> on erosion of the joint and highly reactive periosteal bone growth and fusion of the elements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first recorded account of septic arthritis in dinosaurs. The severity of the pathology suggests the animal suffered with this condition for some time before death. Unfortunately, only the ulna and radius were found. Thus, the extent to which the condition spread to other parts of the body is unknown.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853597','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27853597"><span>First <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of septic arthritis in a dinosaur.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Anné, Jennifer; Hedrick, Brandon P; Schein, Jason P</p> <p>2016-08-01</p> <p>Identification and interpretation of pathologies in the fossil record allows for unique insights into the life histories of extinct organisms. However, the rarity of such finds limits not only the sample size for palaeopathologic studies, but also the types of analyses that may be performed. In this study, we present the first occurrence of a palaeopathology in a vertebrate from the Mesozoic of the East Coast of North America (Appalachia), a pathologic ulna and radius of an indeterminate hadrosaur from the Navesink Formation (New Jersey). X-ray microtomography allowed for both detailed and more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the pathologic condition as well as virtual conservation of the specimen. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on extant archosaurian comparisons, the hadrosaur was diagnosed with severe septic arthritis affecting the proximal ulna and radius. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> was <span class="hlt">based</span> on erosion of the joint and highly reactive periosteal bone growth and fusion of the elements. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first recorded account of septic arthritis in dinosaurs. The severity of the pathology suggests the animal suffered with this condition for some time before death. Unfortunately, only the ulna and radius were found. Thus, the extent to which the condition spread to other parts of the body is unknown.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29330674','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29330674"><span>Advances in serological, imaging techniques and molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Toxoplasma gondii infection.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Rostami, Ali; Karanis, Panagiotis; Fallahi, Shirzad</p> <p>2018-06-01</p> <p>Toxoplasmosis is worldwide distributed zoonotic infection disease with medical importance in immunocompromised patients, pregnant women and congenitally infected newborns. Having basic information on the traditional and new developed methods is essential for general physicians and infectious disease specialists for choosing a suitable diagnostic approach for rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the disease and, consequently, timely and effective treatment. We conducted English literature searches in PubMed from 1989 to 2016 using relevant keywords and summarized the recent advances in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of toxoplasmosis. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was most used method in past century. Recently advanced ELISA-<span class="hlt">based</span> methods including chemiluminescence assays (CLIA), enzyme-linked fluorescence assay (ELFA), immunochromatographic test (ICT), serum IgG avidity test and immunosorbent agglutination assays (ISAGA) have shown high sensitivity and specificity. Recent studies using recombinant or chimeric antigens and multiepitope peptides method demonstrated very promising results to development of new strategies capable of discriminating recently acquired infections from chronic infection. Real-time PCR and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) are two recently developed PCR-<span class="hlt">based</span> methods with high sensitivity and specificity and could be useful to early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of infection. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, nuclear imaging and ultrasonography could be useful, although their results might be not specific alone. This review provides a summary of recent developed methods and also attempts to improve their sensitivity for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of toxoplasmosis. Serology, molecular and imaging technologies each has their own advantages and limitations which can certainly achieve definitive <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of toxoplasmosis by combining these diagnostic techniques.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_16");'>16</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li class="active"><span>18</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_18 --> <div id="page_19" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li class="active"><span>19</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="361"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20050019523','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20050019523"><span>Livingstone Model-<span class="hlt">Based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Earth Observing One Infusion Experiment</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Hayden, Sandra C.; Sweet, Adam J.; Christa, Scott E.</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>The Earth Observing One satellite, launched in November 2000, is an active earth science observation platform. This paper reports on the progress of an infusion experiment in which the Livingstone 2 Model-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Diagnostic engine is deployed on Earth Observing One, demonstrating the capability to monitor the nominal operation of the spacecraft under command of an on-board planner, and demonstrating on-board <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of spacecraft failures. Design and development of the experiment, specification and validation of diagnostic scenarios, characterization of performance results and benefits of the model- <span class="hlt">based</span> approach are presented.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011JPhCS.305a2058W','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2011JPhCS.305a2058W"><span>Rule Extracting <span class="hlt">based</span> on MCG with its Application in Helicopter Power Train Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Wang, M.; Hu, N. Q.; Qin, G. J.</p> <p>2011-07-01</p> <p>In order to extract decision rules for fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> from incomplete historical test records for knowledge-<span class="hlt">based</span> damage assessment of helicopter power train structure. A method that can directly extract the optimal generalized decision rules from incomplete information <span class="hlt">based</span> on GrC was proposed. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on semantic analysis of unknown attribute value, the granule was extended to handle incomplete information. Maximum characteristic granule (MCG) was defined <span class="hlt">based</span> on characteristic relation, and MCG was used to construct the resolution function matrix. The optimal general decision rule was introduced, with the basic equivalent forms of propositional logic, the rules were extracted and reduction from incomplete information table. Combined with a fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> example of power train, the application approach of the method was present, and the validity of this method in knowledge acquisition was proved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17414177','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17414177"><span>CPA melanoma: <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Brackmann, Derald E; Doherty, Joni K</p> <p>2007-06-01</p> <p>Melanoma rarely invades the cerebellopontine angle (CPA) and can evade <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, which may alter management decisions. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> may be facilitated via careful history, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Retrospective case review. Tertiary referral center. Thirteen internal auditory canal/CPA lesions in eight patients who presented with CPA syndrome and who had a pathological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> consistent with malignant melanoma. There were four bilateral and four unilateral lesions. Six of eight patients had a history of melanoma. One was apparently primary CPA lesion, whereas all others were metastatic. T1- and T2-weighted precontrast and postcontrast gadolinium-enhanced MRI were obtained, including fat suppression and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery sequence images in two patients; lumbar puncture with CSF centrifugation and cytological analysis confirmed the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in two patients. Translabyrinthine craniotomy was performed for tumor extirpation in five patients. Symptoms at presentation, MRI findings, presence of malignant cells in CSF, tumor progression, intraoperative findings, response to treatment, time interval from initial <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of melanoma elsewhere, and survival. Seven of eight patients had history and/or MRI findings suggestive of malignancy in the internal auditory canal and/or CPA, and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was confirmed via CSF analysis in two patients. In one patient, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was made at surgery. Internal auditory canal melanoma portends a grim prognosis, can occur up to 17 years after initial melanoma <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>/treatment, and can be detected with appropriate MRI sequences, especially enhanced fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images. In disseminated cases, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> can be confirmed with lumbar puncture demonstrating malignant cells. Management includes tumor resection when melanoma seems to be solitary and malignant cells are not present in CSF. Intrathecal chemotherapy and radiation are</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17683293','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17683293"><span>Deterministic versus evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> attitude towards clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Soltani, Akbar; Moayyeri, Alireza</p> <p>2007-08-01</p> <p>Generally, two basic classes have been proposed for scientific explanation of events. Deductive reasoning emphasizes on reaching conclusions about a hypothesis <span class="hlt">based</span> on verification of universal laws pertinent to that hypothesis, while inductive or probabilistic reasoning explains an event by calculation of some probabilities for that event to be related to a given hypothesis. Although both types of reasoning are used in clinical practice, evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> medicine stresses on the advantages of the second approach for most instances in medical decision making. While 'probabilistic or evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span>' reasoning seems to involve more mathematical formulas at the first look, this attitude is more dynamic and less imprisoned by the rigidity of mathematics comparing with 'deterministic or mathematical attitude'. In the field of medical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, appreciation of uncertainty in clinical encounters and utilization of likelihood ratio as measure of accuracy seem to be the most important characteristics of evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> doctors. Other characteristics include use of series of tests for refining probability, changing diagnostic thresholds considering external evidences and nature of the disease, and attention to confidence intervals to estimate uncertainty of research-derived parameters.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15931680','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15931680"><span>Antenna modeling considerations for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> SAR calculations in human phantoms in close proximity to GSM cellular <span class="hlt">base</span> station antennas.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>van Wyk, Marnus J; Bingle, Marianne; Meyer, Frans J C</p> <p>2005-09-01</p> <p>International bodies such as International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and the Institute for Electrical and Electronic Engineering (IEEE) make provision for human exposure assessment <span class="hlt">based</span> on SAR calculations (or measurements) and basic restrictions. In the case of <span class="hlt">base</span> station exposure this is mostly applicable to occupational exposure scenarios in the very near field of these antennas where the conservative reference level criteria could be unnecessarily restrictive. This study presents a variety of critical aspects that need to be considered when calculating SAR in a human body close to a mobile phone <span class="hlt">base</span> station antenna. A hybrid FEM/MoM technique is proposed as a suitable numerical method to obtain <span class="hlt">accurate</span> results. The verification of the FEM/MoM implementation has been presented in a previous publication; the focus of this study is an investigation into the detail that must be included in a numerical model of the antenna, to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> represent the real-world scenario. This is accomplished by comparing numerical results to measurements for a generic GSM <span class="hlt">base</span> station antenna and appropriate, representative canonical and human phantoms. The results show that it is critical to take the disturbance effect of the human phantom (a large conductive body) on the <span class="hlt">base</span> station antenna into account when the antenna-phantom spacing is less than 300 mm. For these small spacings, the antenna structure must be modeled in detail. The conclusion is that it is feasible to calculate, using the proposed techniques and methodology, <span class="hlt">accurate</span> occupational compliance zones around <span class="hlt">base</span> station antennas <span class="hlt">based</span> on a SAR profile and basic restriction guidelines. (c) 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23365197','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23365197"><span>Computed tomography-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of diffuse compensatory enlargement of coronary arteries using scaling power laws.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Huo, Yunlong; Choy, Jenny Susana; Wischgoll, Thomas; Luo, Tong; Teague, Shawn D; Bhatt, Deepak L; Kassab, Ghassan S</p> <p>2013-04-06</p> <p>Glagov's positive remodelling in the early stages of coronary atherosclerosis often results in plaque rupture and acute events. Because positive remodelling is generally diffused along the epicardial coronary arterial tree, it is difficult to diagnose non-invasively. Hence, the objective of the study is to assess the use of scaling power law for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of positive remodelling of coronary arteries <span class="hlt">based</span> on computed tomography (CT) images. Epicardial coronary arterial trees were reconstructed from CT scans of six Ossabaw pigs fed on a high-fat, high-cholesterol, atherogenic diet for eight months as well as the same number of body-weight-matched farm pigs fed on a lean chow (101.9±16.1 versus 91.5±13.1 kg). The high-fat diet Ossabaw pig model showed diffuse positive remodelling of epicardial coronary arteries. Good fit of measured coronary data to the length-volume scaling power law ( where L(c) and V(c) are crown length and volume) were found for both the high-fat and control groups (R(2) = 0.95±0.04 and 0.99±0.01, respectively). The coefficient, K(LV), decreased significantly in the high-fat diet group when compared with the control (14.6±2.6 versus 40.9±5.6). The flow-length scaling power law, however, was nearly unaffected by the positive remodelling. The length-volume and flow-length scaling power laws were preserved in epicardial coronary arterial trees after positive remodelling. K(LV) < 18 in the length-volume scaling relation is a good index of positive remodelling of coronary arteries. These findings provide a clinical rationale for simple, <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and non-invasive <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of positive remodelling of coronary arteries, using conventional CT scans.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29132616','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29132616"><span>Imperceptible watermarking for security of fundus images in tele-ophthalmology applications and computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of retina diseases.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Singh, Anushikha; Dutta, Malay Kishore</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>The authentication and integrity verification of medical images is a critical and growing issue for patients in e-health services. <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> identification of medical images and patient verification is an essential requirement to prevent error in medical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The proposed work presents an imperceptible watermarking system to address the security issue of medical fundus images for tele-ophthalmology applications and computer aided automated <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of retinal diseases. In the proposed work, patient identity is embedded in fundus image in singular value decomposition domain with adaptive quantization parameter to maintain perceptual transparency for variety of fundus images like healthy fundus or disease affected image. In the proposed method insertion of watermark in fundus image does not affect the automatic image processing <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of retinal objects & pathologies which ensure uncompromised computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> associated with fundus image. Patient ID is correctly recovered from watermarked fundus image for integrity verification of fundus image at the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> centre. The proposed watermarking system is tested in a comprehensive database of fundus images and results are convincing. results indicate that proposed watermarking method is imperceptible and it does not affect computer vision <span class="hlt">based</span> automated <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of retinal diseases. Correct recovery of patient ID from watermarked fundus image makes the proposed watermarking system applicable for authentication of fundus images for computer aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and Tele-ophthalmology applications. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2538984','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2538984"><span>Canadian Cardiovascular Society consensus conference recommendations on heart failure 2006: <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and management</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Arnold, J Malcolm O; Liu, Peter; Demers, Catherine; Dorian, Paul; Giannetti, Nadia; Haddad, Haissam; Heckman, George A; Howlett, Jonathan G; Ignaszewski, Andrew; Johnstone, David E; Jong, Philip; McKelvie, Robert S; Moe, Gordon W; Parker, John D; Rao, Vivek; Ross, Heather J; Sequeira, Errol J; Svendsen, Anna M; Teo, Koon; Tsuyuki, Ross T; White, Michel</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>Heart failure remains a common <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, especially in older individuals. It continues to be associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but major advances in both <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management have occurred and will continue to improve symptoms and other outcomes in patients. The Canadian Cardiovascular Society published its first consensus conference recommendations on the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of heart failure in 1994, followed by two brief updates, and reconvened this consensus conference to provide a comprehensive review of current knowledge and management strategies. New clinical trial evidence and meta-analyses were critically reviewed by a multidisciplinary primary panel who developed both recommendations and practical tips, which were reviewed by a secondary panel. The resulting document is intended to provide practical advice for specialists, family physicians, nurses, pharmacists and others who are involved in the care of heart failure patients. Management of heart failure begins with an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and requires rational combination drug therapy, individualization of care for each patient (<span class="hlt">based</span> on their symptoms, clinical presentation and disease severity), appropriate mechanical interventions including revascularization and devices, collaborative efforts among health care professionals, and education and cooperation of the patient and their immediate caregivers. The goal is to translate best evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> therapies into clinical practice with a measureable impact on the health of heart failure patients in Canada. PMID:16450016</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29649472','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29649472"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> RNA 5-methylcytosine site prediction <span class="hlt">based</span> on heuristic physical-chemical properties reduction and classifier ensemble.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zhang, Ming; Xu, Yan; Li, Lei; Liu, Zi; Yang, Xibei; Yu, Dong-Jun</p> <p>2018-06-01</p> <p>RNA 5-methylcytosine (m 5 C) is an important post-transcriptional modification that plays an indispensable role in biological processes. The <span class="hlt">accurate</span> identification of m 5 C sites from primary RNA sequences is especially useful for deeply understanding the mechanisms and functions of m 5 C. Due to the difficulty and expensive costs of identifying m 5 C sites with wet-lab techniques, developing fast and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> machine-learning-<span class="hlt">based</span> prediction methods is urgently needed. In this study, we proposed a new m 5 C site predictor, called M5C-HPCR, by introducing a novel heuristic nucleotide physicochemical property reduction (HPCR) algorithm and classifier ensemble. HPCR extracts multiple reducts of physical-chemical properties for encoding discriminative features, while the classifier ensemble is applied to integrate multiple <span class="hlt">base</span> predictors, each of which is trained <span class="hlt">based</span> on a separate reduct of the physical-chemical properties obtained from HPCR. Rigorous jackknife tests on two benchmark datasets demonstrate that M5C-HPCR outperforms state-of-the-art m 5 C site predictors, with the highest values of MCC (0.859) and AUC (0.962). We also implemented the webserver of M5C-HPCR, which is freely available at http://cslab.just.edu.cn:8080/M5C-HPCR/. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26703996','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26703996"><span>[Pay attention to the imaging <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of complex anal fistula].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zhou, Zhiyang</p> <p>2015-12-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment of complex anal fistula has been a significant challenge. Unwise incision and excessive exploration will lead to the secondary branch, sinus and perforation. A simple fistula may become a surgical problem and result in disastrous consequences. Preoperative <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of anal fistula, including in the internal opening, primary track and location of the fistula, extensions and abscess, is important for anal fistula treatment. In the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of anal fistula, imaging examination, especially MRI plays a crucial role. Localization and demarcation of anal fistula and the relationship with sphincter are important. MRI has been an indispensable confirmatory imaging examination.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016RScI...87l5114R','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016RScI...87l5114R"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> B-spline-<span class="hlt">based</span> 3-D interpolation scheme for digital volume correlation</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Ren, Maodong; Liang, Jin; Wei, Bin</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>An <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and efficient 3-D interpolation scheme, <span class="hlt">based</span> on sampling theorem and Fourier transform technique, is proposed to reduce the sub-voxel matching error caused by intensity interpolation bias in digital volume correlation. First, the influence factors of the interpolation bias are investigated theoretically using the transfer function of an interpolation filter (henceforth filter) in the Fourier domain. A law that the positional error of a filter can be expressed as a function of fractional position and wave number is found. Then, considering the above factors, an optimized B-spline-<span class="hlt">based</span> recursive filter, combining B-spline transforms and least squares optimization method, is designed to virtually eliminate the interpolation bias in the process of sub-voxel matching. Besides, given each volumetric image containing different wave number ranges, a Gaussian weighting function is constructed to emphasize or suppress certain of wave number ranges <span class="hlt">based</span> on the Fourier spectrum analysis. Finally, a novel software is developed and series of validation experiments were carried out to verify the proposed scheme. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme can reduce the interpolation bias to an acceptable level.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26644965','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26644965"><span>Computer-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Image Analysis for Plus Disease <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> in Retinopathy of Prematurity: Performance of the "i-ROP" System and Image Features Associated With Expert <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ataer-Cansizoglu, Esra; Bolon-Canedo, Veronica; Campbell, J Peter; Bozkurt, Alican; Erdogmus, Deniz; Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree; Patel, Samir; Jonas, Karyn; Chan, R V Paul; Ostmo, Susan; Chiang, Michael F</p> <p>2015-11-01</p> <p>We developed and evaluated the performance of a novel computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> image analysis system for grading plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), and identified the image features, shapes, and sizes that best correlate with expert <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. A dataset of 77 wide-angle retinal images from infants screened for ROP was collected. A reference standard <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was determined for each image by combining image grading from 3 experts with the clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> from ophthalmoscopic examination. Manually segmented images were cropped into a range of shapes and sizes, and a computer algorithm was developed to extract tortuosity and dilation features from arteries and veins. Each feature was fed into our system to identify the set of characteristics that yielded the highest-performing system compared to the reference standard, which we refer to as the "i-ROP" system. Among the tested crop shapes, sizes, and measured features, point-<span class="hlt">based</span> measurements of arterial and venous tortuosity (combined), and a large circular cropped image (with radius 6 times the disc diameter), provided the highest diagnostic accuracy. The i-ROP system achieved 95% accuracy for classifying preplus and plus disease compared to the reference standard. This was comparable to the performance of the 3 individual experts (96%, 94%, 92%), and significantly higher than the mean performance of 31 nonexperts (81%). This comprehensive analysis of computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> plus disease suggests that it may be feasible to develop a fully-automated system <span class="hlt">based</span> on wide-angle retinal images that performs comparably to expert graders at three-level plus disease discrimination. Computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> image analysis, using objective and quantitative retinal vascular features, has potential to complement clinical ROP <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by ophthalmologists.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25000013','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25000013"><span>Improving real-time efficiency of case-<span class="hlt">based</span> reasoning for medical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Park, Yoon-Joo</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Conventional case-<span class="hlt">based</span> reasoning (CBR) does not perform efficiently for high volume dataset because of case-retrieval time. Some previous researches overcome this problem by clustering a case-<span class="hlt">base</span> into several small groups, and retrieve neighbors within a corresponding group to a target case. However, this approach generally produces less <span class="hlt">accurate</span> predictive performances than the conventional CBR. This paper suggests a new case-<span class="hlt">based</span> reasoning method called the Clustering-Merging CBR (CM-CBR) which produces similar level of predictive performances than the conventional CBR with spending significantly less computational cost.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29526429','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29526429"><span>[<span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and management of de novo epilepsy].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Louise, Tyvaert</p> <p>2018-03-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of de novo epilepsy is complex. An <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnostic approach has to be followed <span class="hlt">based</span> on specific key steps. Epileptic seizure or non-epileptic malaise: risk of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> error around 20%. Facing a first unprovoked seizure, the practitioner has to know the risk factors specifically linked to an increase risk of seizure recurrence. In presence of these factors, an antiepileptic drug would be indicated. The first antiepileptic drug has to be highly selected according to the epilepsy type and causes but also to the patient characteristics (sex, age, comorbidities, associated drugs, profession, and way of life…) An exhaustive patient Education needs to support the first antiepileptic drug prescription: (sleep and nutritional advices, benefit of observance, antiepileptic drugs features and side effects, follow-up, prognosis…) A regular follow-up is essential to control the observance, tolerability and efficacy of the antiepileptic drug, and to control also the good acceptance of the disease. A systematic research of common comorbidities may be also performed. Electroencephalogram and antiepileptic drugs levels are unnecessary in the classical follow up of known epileptic patients (except specific cases). Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17308556','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17308556"><span>General practitioner <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of acute knee injuries: summary of an evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> guideline.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Robb, Gillian; Reid, Duncan; Arroll, Bruce; Jackson, Rod T; Goodyear-Smith, Felicity</p> <p>2007-02-16</p> <p>To summarise evidence and key recommendations for general practitioner <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of acute soft-tissue knee injuries, <span class="hlt">based</span> on the New Zealand guideline. A multidisciplinary team developed the guideline by critically appraising and grading retrieved literature using the Graphic Appraisal Tools for Epidemiology, Clinical decision rules and the Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network. Recommendations were derived from resulting evidence tables. For both <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management there is a paucity of good evidence to support <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment of internal derangements of the knee, hence some aspects of the guideline are guideline team consensus. Good evidence supports the use of the Ottawa Knee rules to guide decisions about the use of X-ray, and the Lachman test in diagnosing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. Evidence supports inclusion of proprioceptive training in rehabilitation programmes following ACL reconstruction and in people with ACL-deficient knees. There is good evidence that ultrasound is of little benefit, and there is no evidence that physiotherapy be routinely advocated following meniscectomy. This guideline provides an evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> framework for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of internal derangements of the knee following acute injury. Moreover, its development highlights significant gaps in the evidence <span class="hlt">base</span> and identifies priorities for new research.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1856169','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1856169"><span>Crohn's disease: increased mortality 10 years after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in a Europe‐wide population <span class="hlt">based</span> cohort</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Wolters, F L; Russel, M G; Sijbrandij, J; Schouten, L J; Odes, S; Riis, L; Munkholm, P; Bodini, P; O'Morain, C; Mouzas, I A; Tsianos, E; Vermeire, S; Monteiro, E; Limonard, C; Vatn, M; Fornaciari, G; Pereira, S; Moum, B; Stockbrügger, R W</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>Background No previous correlation between phenotype at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Crohn's disease (CD) and mortality has been performed. We assessed the predictive value of phenotype at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> on overall and disease related mortality in a European cohort of CD patients. Methods Overall and disease related mortality were recorded 10 years after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in a prospectively assembled, uniformly diagnosed European population <span class="hlt">based</span> inception cohort of 380 CD patients diagnosed between 1991 and 1993. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were calculated for geographic and phenotypic subgroups at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Results Thirty seven deaths were observed in the entire cohort whereas 21.5 deaths were expected (SMR 1.85 (95% CI 1.30–2.55)). Mortality risk was significantly increased in both females (SMR 1.93 (95% CI 1.10–3.14)) and males (SMR 1.79 (95% CI 1.11–2.73)). Patients from northern European centres had a significant overall increased mortality risk (SMR 2.04 (95% CI 1.32–3.01)) whereas a tendency towards increased overall mortality risk was also observed in the south (SMR 1.55 (95% CI 0.80–2.70)). Mortality risk was increased in patients with colonic disease location and with inflammatory disease behaviour at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Mortality risk was also increased in the age group above 40 years at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for both total and CD related causes. Excess mortality was mainly due to gastrointestinal causes that were related to CD. Conclusions This European multinational population <span class="hlt">based</span> study revealed an increased overall mortality risk in CD patients 10 years after <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and age above 40 years at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was found to be the sole factor associated with increased mortality risk. PMID:16150857</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016JSV...385...16L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2016JSV...385...16L"><span>Fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of motor bearing with speed fluctuation via angular resampling of transient sound signals</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Lu, Siliang; Wang, Xiaoxian; He, Qingbo; Liu, Fang; Liu, Yongbin</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Transient signal analysis (TSA) has been proven an effective tool for motor bearing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, but has yet to be applied in processing bearing fault signals with variable rotating speed. In this study, a new TSA-<span class="hlt">based</span> angular resampling (TSAAR) method is proposed for fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> under speed fluctuation condition via sound signal analysis. By applying the TSAAR method, the frequency smearing phenomenon is eliminated and the fault characteristic frequency is exposed in the envelope spectrum for bearing fault recognition. The TSAAR method can <span class="hlt">accurately</span> estimate the phase information of the fault-induced impulses using neither complicated time-frequency analysis techniques nor external speed sensors, and hence it provides a simple, flexible, and data-driven approach that realizes variable-speed motor bearing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed TSAAR method are verified through a series of simulated and experimental case studies.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29157218','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29157218"><span>Brain medical image <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on corners with importance-values.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Gao, Linlin; Pan, Haiwei; Li, Qing; Xie, Xiaoqin; Zhang, Zhiqiang; Han, Jinming; Zhai, Xiao</p> <p>2017-11-21</p> <p>Brain disorders are one of the top causes of human death. Generally, neurologists analyze brain medical images for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. In the image analysis field, corners are one of the most important features, which makes corner detection and matching studies essential. However, existing corner detection studies do not consider the domain information of brain. This leads to many useless corners and the loss of significant information. Regarding corner matching, the uncertainty and structure of brain are not employed in existing methods. Moreover, most corner matching studies are used for 3D image registration. They are inapplicable for 2D brain image <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> because of the different mechanisms. To address these problems, we propose a novel corner-<span class="hlt">based</span> brain medical image classification method. Specifically, we automatically extract multilayer texture images (MTIs) which embody diagnostic information from neurologists. Moreover, we present a corner matching method utilizing the uncertainty and structure of brain medical images and a bipartite graph model. Finally, we propose a similarity calculation method for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Brain CT and MRI image sets are utilized to evaluate the proposed method. First, classifiers are trained in N-fold cross-validation analysis to produce the best θ and K. Then independent brain image sets are tested to evaluate the classifiers. Moreover, the classifiers are also compared with advanced brain image classification studies. For the brain CT image set, the proposed classifier outperforms the comparison methods by at least 8% on accuracy and 2.4% on F1-score. Regarding the brain MRI image set, the proposed classifier is superior to the comparison methods by more than 7.3% on accuracy and 4.9% on F1-score. Results also demonstrate that the proposed method is robust to different intensity ranges of brain medical image. In this study, we develop a robust corner-<span class="hlt">based</span> brain medical image classifier. Specifically, we propose a corner detection</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26798213','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26798213"><span>Sclerosing Cholangitis: Clinicopathologic Features, Imaging Spectrum, and Systemic Approach to Differential <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Seo, Nieun; Kim, So Yeon; Lee, Seung Soo; Byun, Jae Ho; Kim, Jin Hee; Kim, Hyoung Jung; Lee, Moon-Gyu</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Sclerosing cholangitis is a spectrum of chronic progressive cholestatic liver disease characterized by inflammation, fibrosis, and stricture of the bile ducts, which can be classified as primary and secondary sclerosing cholangitis. Primary sclerosing cholangitis is a chronic progressive liver disease of unknown cause. On the other hand, secondary sclerosing cholangitis has identifiable causes that include immunoglobulin G4-related sclerosing disease, recurrent pyogenic cholangitis, ischemic cholangitis, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-related cholangitis, and eosinophilic cholangitis. In this review, we suggest a systemic approach to the differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of sclerosing cholangitis <span class="hlt">based</span> on the clinical and laboratory findings, as well as the typical imaging features on computed tomography and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with MR cholangiography. Familiarity with various etiologies of sclerosing cholangitis and awareness of their typical clinical and imaging findings are essential for an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and appropriate management.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19414532','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19414532"><span>Pairagon: a highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span>, HMM-<span class="hlt">based</span> cDNA-to-genome aligner.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lu, David V; Brown, Randall H; Arumugam, Manimozhiyan; Brent, Michael R</p> <p>2009-07-01</p> <p>The most <span class="hlt">accurate</span> way to determine the intron-exon structures in a genome is to align spliced cDNA sequences to the genome. Thus, cDNA-to-genome alignment programs are a key component of most annotation pipelines. The scoring system used to choose the best alignment is a primary determinant of alignment accuracy, while heuristics that prevent consideration of certain alignments are a primary determinant of runtime and memory usage. Both accuracy and speed are important considerations in choosing an alignment algorithm, but scoring systems have received much less attention than heuristics. We present Pairagon, a pair hidden Markov model <span class="hlt">based</span> cDNA-to-genome alignment program, as the most <span class="hlt">accurate</span> aligner for sequences with high- and low-identity levels. We conducted a series of experiments testing alignment accuracy with varying sequence identity. We first created 'perfect' simulated cDNA sequences by splicing the sequences of exons in the reference genome sequences of fly and human. The complete reference genome sequences were then mutated to various degrees using a realistic mutation simulator and the perfect cDNAs were aligned to them using Pairagon and 12 other aligners. To validate these results with natural sequences, we performed cross-species alignment using orthologous transcripts from human, mouse and rat. We found that aligner accuracy is heavily dependent on sequence identity. For sequences with 100% identity, Pairagon achieved accuracy levels of >99.6%, with one quarter of the errors of any other aligner. Furthermore, for human/mouse alignments, which are only 85% identical, Pairagon achieved 87% accuracy, higher than any other aligner. Pairagon source and executables are freely available at http://mblab.wustl.edu/software/pairagon/</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_17");'>17</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li class="active"><span>19</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_19 --> <div id="page_20" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li class="active"><span>20</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="381"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3849190','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3849190"><span>Microfluidic chip-<span class="hlt">based</span> technologies: emerging platforms for cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p></p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>The development of early and personalized diagnostic protocols is considered the most promising avenue to decrease mortality from cancer and improve outcome. The emerging microfluidic-<span class="hlt">based</span> analyzing platforms hold high promises to fulfill high-throughput and high-precision screening with reduced equipment cost and low analysis time, as compared to traditional bulky counterparts in bench-top laboratories. This article overviewed the potential applications of microfluidic technologies for detection and monitoring of cancer through nucleic acid and protein biomarker analysis. The implications of the technologies in cancer cytology that can provide functional personalized <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> were highlighted. Finally, the future niches for using microfluidic-<span class="hlt">based</span> systems in tumor screening were briefly discussed. PMID:24070124</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MSSP..102..278S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018MSSP..102..278S"><span>A novel method for intelligent fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of rolling bearings using ensemble deep auto-encoders</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Shao, Haidong; Jiang, Hongkai; Lin, Ying; Li, Xingqiu</p> <p>2018-03-01</p> <p>Automatic and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> identification of rolling bearings fault categories, especially for the fault severities and fault orientations, is still a major challenge in rotating machinery fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. In this paper, a novel method called ensemble deep auto-encoders (EDAEs) is proposed for intelligent fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of rolling bearings. Firstly, different activation functions are employed as the hidden functions to design a series of auto-encoders (AEs) with different characteristics. Secondly, EDAEs are constructed with various auto-encoders for unsupervised feature learning from the measured vibration signals. Finally, a combination strategy is designed to ensure <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and stable <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> results. The proposed method is applied to analyze the experimental bearing vibration signals. The results confirm that the proposed method can get rid of the dependence on manual feature extraction and overcome the limitations of individual deep learning models, which is more effective than the existing intelligent <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methods.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21841404','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21841404"><span>Histopathologic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of eosinophilic conditions in the gastrointestinal tract.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hurrell, Jennifer M; Genta, Robert M; Melton, Shelby D</p> <p>2011-09-01</p> <p>Eosinophils, a constitutive component of the columnar-lined gastrointestinal tract, play an essential role in allergic responses and parasitic infections. The tissue density of these cells also increases in a variety of conditions of uncertain etiology. With the exception of the esophageal squamous epithelium, in which no eosinophils are normally present, the population of normal eosinophils in the remainder of the luminal gut is poorly defined. Therefore, histopathologists must rely on their subjective judgment to determine when a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of eosinophilic gastritis, enteritis, or colitis should be rendered. Eosinophilic esophagitis is currently the best defined and most studied eosinophilic condition of the digestive tract; therefore, the confidence in <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is increasing. In contrast, the characteristic clinicopathologic features of eosinophilic conditions affecting other parts of the digestive tract remain somewhat elusive. This review was designed to present pathologists with simple and practical information for the biopsy-<span class="hlt">based</span> histopathologic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of eosinophilic esophagitis, gastritis, enteritis, and colitis. It was prepared by critically reviewing more than 200 articles on the topic, along with incorporating evidence accumulated through our own collective experience. We anticipate that by increasing pathologists' confidence in reporting these abnormal but often nameless eosinophilic infiltrates, we can help better define and characterize their significance.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MSSP...82...56W','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MSSP...82...56W"><span>A highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> wireless digital sun sensor <span class="hlt">based</span> on profile detecting and detector multiplexing technologies</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Wei, Minsong; Xing, Fei; You, Zheng</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>The advancing growth of micro- and nano-satellites requires miniaturized sun sensors which could be conveniently applied in the attitude determination subsystem. In this work, a profile detecting technology <span class="hlt">based</span> high <span class="hlt">accurate</span> wireless digital sun sensor was proposed, which could transform a two-dimensional image into two-linear profile output so that it can realize a high update rate under a very low power consumption. A multiple spots recovery approach with an asymmetric mask pattern design principle was introduced to fit the multiplexing image detector method for accuracy improvement of the sun sensor within a large Field of View (FOV). A FOV determination principle <span class="hlt">based</span> on the concept of FOV region was also proposed to facilitate both sub-FOV analysis and the whole FOV determination. A RF MCU, together with solar cells, was utilized to achieve the wireless and self-powered functionality. The prototype of the sun sensor is approximately 10 times lower in size and weight compared with the conventional digital sun sensor (DSS). Test results indicated that the accuracy of the prototype was 0.01° within a cone FOV of 100°. Such an autonomous DSS could be equipped flexibly on a micro- or nano-satellite, especially for highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> remote sensing applications.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4575397','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4575397"><span>Laboratory <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Pertussis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Schellekens, Joop F. P.; Mooi, Frits R.</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>SUMMARY The introduction of vaccination in the 1950s significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of pertussis. However, since the 1990s, a resurgence of pertussis has been observed in vaccinated populations, and a number of causes have been proposed for this phenomenon, including improved diagnostics, increased awareness, waning immunity, and pathogen adaptation. The resurgence of pertussis highlights the importance of standardized, sensitive, and specific laboratory diagnoses, the lack of which is responsible for the large differences in pertussis notifications between countries. <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is also important for distinguishing between the several etiologic agents of pertussis-like diseases, which involve both viruses and bacteria. If pertussis is diagnosed in a timely manner, antibiotic treatment of the patient can mitigate the symptoms and prevent transmission. During an outbreak, timely <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pertussis allows prophylactic treatment of infants too young to be (fully) vaccinated, for whom pertussis is a severe, sometimes fatal disease. Finally, reliable <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pertussis is required to reveal trends in the (age-specific) disease incidence, which may point to changes in vaccine efficacy, waning immunity, and the emergence of vaccine-adapted strains. Here we review current approaches to the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pertussis and discuss their limitations and strengths. In particular, we emphasize that the optimal diagnostic procedure depends on the stage of the disease, the age of the patient, and the vaccination status of the patient. PMID:26354823</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/21032815-diagnosis-parkinsonian-disorders-using-channelized-hotelling-observer-model-proof-principle','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/21032815-diagnosis-parkinsonian-disorders-using-channelized-hotelling-observer-model-proof-principle"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Parkinsonian disorders using a channelized Hotelling observer model: Proof of principle</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Bal, H.; Bal, G.; Acton, P. D.</p> <p>2007-10-15</p> <p>Imaging dopamine transporters using PET and SPECT probes is a powerful technique for the early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Parkinsonian disorders. In order to perform automated <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of these diseases, a channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) <span class="hlt">based</span> model was developed and evaluated using the SPECT tracer [Tc-99m]TRODAT-1. Computer simulations were performed using a digitized striatal phantom to characterize early stages of the disease (20 lesion-present cases with varying lesion size and contrast). Projection data, modeling the effects of attenuation and geometric response function, were obtained for each case. Statistical noise levels corresponding to those observed clinically were added to the projection datamore » to obtain 100 noise realizations for each case. All the projection data were reconstructed, and a subset of the transaxial slices containing the striatum was summed and used for further analysis. CHO models, using the Laguerre-Gaussian functions as channels, were designed for two cases: (1) By training the model using individual lesion-present samples and (2) by training the model using pooled lesion-present samples. A decision threshold obtained for each CHO model was used to classify the study population (n=40). It was observed that individual lesion trained CHO models gave high diagnostic accuracy for lesions that were larger than those used to train the model and vice-versa. On the other hand, the pooled CHO model was found to give a high diagnostic accuracy for all the lesion cases (average diagnostic accuracy=0.95{+-}0.07; p<0.0001 Fisher's exact test). <span class="hlt">Based</span> on our results, we conclude that a CHO model has the potential to provide early and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Parkinsonian disorders, thereby improving patient management.« less</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=artificial+AND+intelligence+AND+diagnosis&id=EJ747485','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=artificial+AND+intelligence+AND+diagnosis&id=EJ747485"><span>An Intelligent Learning <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> System for Web-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Thematic Learning Platform</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Huang, Chenn-Jung; Liu, Ming-Chou; Chu, San-Shine; Cheng, Chih-Lun</p> <p>2007-01-01</p> <p>This work proposes an intelligent learning <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system that supports a Web-<span class="hlt">based</span> thematic learning model, which aims to cultivate learners' ability of knowledge integration by giving the learners the opportunities to select the learning topics that they are interested, and gain knowledge on the specific topics by surfing on the Internet to…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5266471','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5266471"><span>Review of <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span>-Related Group-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Financing of Hospital Care</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Kocic, Sanja; Jakovljevic, Mihajlo</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Since the 1990s, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>-related group (DRG)-<span class="hlt">based</span> payment systems were gradually introduced in many countries. The main design characteristics of a DRG-<span class="hlt">based</span> payment system are an exhaustive patient case classification system (ie, the system of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>-related groupings) and the payment formula, which is <span class="hlt">based</span> on the <span class="hlt">base</span> rate multiplied by a relative cost weight specific for each DRG. Cases within the same DRG code group are expected to undergo similar clinical evolution. Consecutively, they should incur the costs of diagnostics and treatment within a predefined scale. Such predictability was proven in a number of cost-of-illness studies conducted on major prosperity diseases alongside clinical trials on efficiency. This was the case with risky pregnancies, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, diabetes, depression, alcohol addiction, hepatitis, and cancer. This article presents experience of introduced DRG-<span class="hlt">based</span> payments in countries of western and eastern Europe, Scandinavia, United States, Canada, and Australia. This article presents the results of few selected reviews and systematic reviews of the following evidence: published reports on health system reforms by World Health Organization, World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, Canadian Institute for Health Information, Canadian Health Services Research Foundation, and Centre for Health Economics University of York. Diverse payment systems have different strengths and weaknesses in relation to the various objectives. The advantages of the DRG payment system are reflected in the increased efficiency and transparency and reduced average length of stay. The disadvantage of DRG is creating financial incentives toward earlier hospital discharges. Occasionally, such polices are not in full accordance with the clinical benefit priorities. PMID:28462278</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26260233','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26260233"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of dementia by medical practitioners: a national study among older adults in Singapore.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Chong, Siow Ann; Abdin, Edimansyah; Vaingankar, Janhavi; Ng, Li Ling; Subramaniam, Mythily</p> <p>2016-12-01</p> <p>Dementia is inevitably associated with an ageing population which has tremendous public health, social and economic implications. Yet the extant evidence suggests that the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dementia in general is neither timely nor <span class="hlt">accurate</span>. The aim of this present study was to establish the prevalence of dementia as diagnosed by medical practitioners in Singapore and its associated factors. The analysis is <span class="hlt">based</span> on a national epidemiological study of older adults in Singapore which had established the prevalence of dementia using the 10/66 protocol. It was a community <span class="hlt">based</span> survey, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with 2565 respondents (a response rate of 66%) and 2421 informants. In all, 3% of the respondents were diagnosed by a medical practitioner to have dementia of which 11.5% were diagnosed by general practitioners. Only 30.3% were prescribed medications specifically for dementia. Those with comorbid depression were more likely to be diagnosed to have dementia. The apparent low rate of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by medical practitioners is in line with studies done in the West. There is a need to elucidate the reasons underlying this under-<span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in order to better address this gap.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26656569','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26656569"><span>SpotCaliper: fast wavelet-<span class="hlt">based</span> spot detection with <span class="hlt">accurate</span> size estimation.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Püspöki, Zsuzsanna; Sage, Daniel; Ward, John Paul; Unser, Michael</p> <p>2016-04-15</p> <p>SpotCaliper is a novel wavelet-<span class="hlt">based</span> image-analysis software providing a fast automatic detection scheme for circular patterns (spots), combined with the precise estimation of their size. It is implemented as an ImageJ plugin with a friendly user interface. The user is allowed to edit the results by modifying the measurements (in a semi-automated way), extract data for further analysis. The fine tuning of the detections includes the possibility of adjusting or removing the original detections, as well as adding further spots. The main advantage of the software is its ability to capture the size of spots in a fast and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> way. http://bigwww.epfl.ch/algorithms/spotcaliper/ zsuzsanna.puspoki@epfl.ch Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. © The Author 2015. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28802329','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28802329"><span>Skin lesion computational <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dermoscopic images: Ensemble models <span class="hlt">based</span> on input feature manipulation.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Oliveira, Roberta B; Pereira, Aledir S; Tavares, João Manuel R S</p> <p>2017-10-01</p> <p>The number of deaths worldwide due to melanoma has risen in recent times, in part because melanoma is the most aggressive type of skin cancer. Computational systems have been developed to assist dermatologists in early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of skin cancer, or even to monitor skin lesions. However, there still remains a challenge to improve classifiers for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of such skin lesions. The main objective of this article is to evaluate different ensemble classification models <span class="hlt">based</span> on input feature manipulation to diagnose skin lesions. Input feature manipulation processes are <span class="hlt">based</span> on feature subset selections from shape properties, colour variation and texture analysis to generate diversity for the ensemble models. Three subset selection models are presented here: (1) a subset selection model <span class="hlt">based</span> on specific feature groups, (2) a correlation-<span class="hlt">based</span> subset selection model, and (3) a subset selection model <span class="hlt">based</span> on feature selection algorithms. Each ensemble classification model is generated using an optimum-path forest classifier and integrated with a majority voting strategy. The proposed models were applied on a set of 1104 dermoscopic images using a cross-validation procedure. The best results were obtained by the first ensemble classification model that generates a feature subset ensemble <span class="hlt">based</span> on specific feature groups. The skin lesion <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> computational system achieved 94.3% accuracy, 91.8% sensitivity and 96.7% specificity. The input feature manipulation process <span class="hlt">based</span> on specific feature subsets generated the greatest diversity for the ensemble classification model with very promising results. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29231312','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29231312"><span>[Status of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment devices of acupuncture <span class="hlt">based</span> on SooPAT and bibliometrics in China].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Bai, Lin; Ren, Yulan; Guo, Taipin; Chen, Lin; Zhou, Yumei; Feng, Shuwei; Li, Ji; Liang, Fanrong</p> <p>2016-11-12</p> <p>To perform a bibliometrics analysis on patent literature regarding <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment devices of acupuncture in China, aiming to provide references for the development of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment devices of acupuncture. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on SooPAT, a patent database, the patent literature regarding <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment devices of acupuncture in China was collected. With bibliometrics methods, the annual distribution of type, quantity, classification and content of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment devices of acupuncture were analyzed. The number of acupuncture <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment devices reached its peak in 2012 and 2013 in China. The A61N in patent and utility model patent were the most, which were mainly related to electrotherapy, magnetic therapy, radioactive therapy and ultrasound therapy, etc. The main content was acupuncture treatment devices and meridian treatment devices. The 24-01 in design patent was the most, involving fixation devices used by doctors, hospitals and laboratories, etc. Currently the majority of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment devices of acupuncture is therapeutic apparatus, while the acupuncture <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> devices are needed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3660234','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3660234"><span>Compression-<span class="hlt">based</span> distance (CBD): a simple, rapid, and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> method for microbiota composition comparison</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p></p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Background Perturbations in intestinal microbiota composition have been associated with a variety of gastrointestinal tract-related diseases. The alleviation of symptoms has been achieved using treatments that alter the gastrointestinal tract microbiota toward that of healthy individuals. Identifying differences in microbiota composition through the use of 16S rRNA gene hypervariable tag sequencing has profound health implications. Current computational methods for comparing microbial communities are usually <span class="hlt">based</span> on multiple alignments and phylogenetic inference, making them time consuming and requiring exceptional expertise and computational resources. As sequencing data rapidly grows in size, simpler analysis methods are needed to meet the growing computational burdens of microbiota comparisons. Thus, we have developed a simple, rapid, and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> method, independent of multiple alignments and phylogenetic inference, to support microbiota comparisons. Results We create a metric, called compression-<span class="hlt">based</span> distance (CBD) for quantifying the degree of similarity between microbial communities. CBD uses the repetitive nature of hypervariable tag datasets and well-established compression algorithms to approximate the total information shared between two datasets. Three published microbiota datasets were used as test cases for CBD as an applicable tool. Our study revealed that CBD recaptured 100% of the statistically significant conclusions reported in the previous studies, while achieving a decrease in computational time required when compared to similar tools without expert user intervention. Conclusion CBD provides a simple, rapid, and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> method for assessing distances between gastrointestinal tract microbiota 16S hypervariable tag datasets. PMID:23617892</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23617892','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23617892"><span>Compression-<span class="hlt">based</span> distance (CBD): a simple, rapid, and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> method for microbiota composition comparison.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Yang, Fang; Chia, Nicholas; White, Bryan A; Schook, Lawrence B</p> <p>2013-04-23</p> <p>Perturbations in intestinal microbiota composition have been associated with a variety of gastrointestinal tract-related diseases. The alleviation of symptoms has been achieved using treatments that alter the gastrointestinal tract microbiota toward that of healthy individuals. Identifying differences in microbiota composition through the use of 16S rRNA gene hypervariable tag sequencing has profound health implications. Current computational methods for comparing microbial communities are usually <span class="hlt">based</span> on multiple alignments and phylogenetic inference, making them time consuming and requiring exceptional expertise and computational resources. As sequencing data rapidly grows in size, simpler analysis methods are needed to meet the growing computational burdens of microbiota comparisons. Thus, we have developed a simple, rapid, and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> method, independent of multiple alignments and phylogenetic inference, to support microbiota comparisons. We create a metric, called compression-<span class="hlt">based</span> distance (CBD) for quantifying the degree of similarity between microbial communities. CBD uses the repetitive nature of hypervariable tag datasets and well-established compression algorithms to approximate the total information shared between two datasets. Three published microbiota datasets were used as test cases for CBD as an applicable tool. Our study revealed that CBD recaptured 100% of the statistically significant conclusions reported in the previous studies, while achieving a decrease in computational time required when compared to similar tools without expert user intervention. CBD provides a simple, rapid, and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> method for assessing distances between gastrointestinal tract microbiota 16S hypervariable tag datasets.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27660341','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27660341"><span>3rd European Evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> Consensus on the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and Management of Crohn's Disease 2016: Part 1: <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and Medical Management.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Gomollón, Fernando; Dignass, Axel; Annese, Vito; Tilg, Herbert; Van Assche, Gert; Lindsay, James O; Peyrin-Biroulet, Laurent; Cullen, Garret J; Daperno, Marco; Kucharzik, Torsten; Rieder, Florian; Almer, Sven; Armuzzi, Alessandro; Harbord, Marcus; Langhorst, Jost; Sans, Miquel; Chowers, Yehuda; Fiorino, Gionata; Juillerat, Pascal; Mantzaris, Gerassimos J; Rizzello, Fernando; Vavricka, Stephan; Gionchetti, Paolo</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>This paper is the first in a series of two publications relating to the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation [ECCO] evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> consensus on the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of Crohn's disease and concerns the methodology of the consensus process, and the classification, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and medical management of active and quiescent Crohn's disease. Surgical management as well as special situations including management of perianal Crohn's disease of this ECCO Consensus are covered in a subsequent second paper [Gionchetti et al JCC 2016]. Copyright © 2016 European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO). Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3461428','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3461428"><span>Seasonal performance of a malaria rapid <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> test at community health clinics in a malaria-hyperendemic region of Burkina Faso</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p></p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Backgound Treatment of confirmed malaria patients with Artemisinin-<span class="hlt">based</span> Combination Therapy (ACT) at remote areas is the goal of many anti-malaria programs. Introduction of effective and affordable malaria Rapid <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Test (RDT) in remote areas could be an alternative tool for malaria case management. This study aimed to assess performance of the OptiMAL dipstick for rapid malaria <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in children under five. Methods Malaria symptomatic and asymptomatic children were recruited in a passive manner in two community clinics (CCs). Malaria <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by microscopy and RDT were performed. Performance of the tests was determined. Results RDT showed similar ability (61.2%) to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> diagnose malaria as microscopy (61.1%). OptiMAL showed a high level of sensitivity and specificity, compared with microscopy, during both transmission seasons (high & low), with a sensitivity of 92.9% vs. 74.9% and a specificity of 77.2% vs. 87.5%. Conclusion By improving the performance of the test through <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and continuous quality control of the device in the field, OptiMAL could be suitable for use at CCs for the management and control of malaria. PMID:22647557</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4894918','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4894918"><span>The Role of Neuroimaging Techniques in Establishing <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span>, Prognosis and Therapy in Disorders of Consciousness</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Gosseries, Olivia; Pistoia, Francesca; Charland-Verville, Vanessa; Carolei, Antonio; Sacco, Simona; Laureys, Steven</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Non-communicative brain damaged patients raise important clinical and scientific issues. Here, we review three major pathological disorders of consciousness: coma, the unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and the minimally conscious state. A number of clinical studies highlight the difficulty in making a correct <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in patients with disorders of consciousness <span class="hlt">based</span> only on behavioral examinations. The increasing use of neuroimaging techniques allows improving clinical characterization of these patients. Recent neuroimaging studies using positron emission tomography, functional magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography and transcranial magnetic stimulation can help assess <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, prognosis, and therapeutic treatment. These techniques, using resting state, passive and active paradigms, also highlight possible dissociations between consciousness and responsiveness, and are facilitating a more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> understanding of brain function in this challenging population. PMID:27347265</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4146359','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4146359"><span>Satellite Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Using Support Vector Machines <span class="hlt">Based</span> on a Hybrid Voting Mechanism</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Yang, Shuqiang; Zhu, Xiaoqian; Jin, Songchang; Wang, Xiang</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>The satellite fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> has an important role in enhancing the safety, reliability, and availability of the satellite system. However, the problem of enormous parameters and multiple faults makes a challenge to the satellite fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The interactions between parameters and misclassifications from multiple faults will increase the false alarm rate and the false negative rate. On the other hand, for each satellite fault, there is not enough fault data for training. To most of the classification algorithms, it will degrade the performance of model. In this paper, we proposed an improving SVM <span class="hlt">based</span> on a hybrid voting mechanism (HVM-SVM) to deal with the problem of enormous parameters, multiple faults, and small samples. Many experimental results show that the accuracy of fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> using HVM-SVM is improved. PMID:25215324</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28654920','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28654920"><span>Greater Real-Life Diagnostic Efficacy of Allergen Molecule-<span class="hlt">Based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> for Prescription of Immunotherapy in an Area with Multiple Pollen Exposure.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Saltabayeva, Ulbosin; Garib, Victoria; Morenko, Marina; Rosenson, Rafail; Ispayeva, Zhanat; Gatauova, Madina; Zulus, Loreta; Karaulov, Alexander; Gastager, Felix; Valenta, Rudolf</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> has been suggested to facilitate the identification of disease-causing allergen sources and the prescription of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). The aim of the current study was to compare allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> IgE serology with allergen extract-<span class="hlt">based</span> skin testing for the identification of the disease-causing allergen sources. The study was conducted in an area where patients are exposed to pollen from multiple sources (trees, grasses, and weeds) at the same time to compare the diagnostic efficiency of the 2 forms of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Patients from Astana, Kazakhstan, who suffered from pollen-induced allergy (n = 95) were subjected to skin prick testing (SPT) with a local panel of tree pollen, grass pollen, and weed pollen allergen extracts and IgE antibodies specific for marker allergen molecules (nArt v 1, nArt v 3, rAmb a 1, rPhl p 1, rPhl p 5, rBet v 1) were measured by ImmunoCAP. Direct and indirect costs for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on SPT and marker allergen-<span class="hlt">based</span> IgE serology as well as direct costs for immunotherapy depending on SPT and serological test results were calculated. The costs for SPT-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> per patient were lower than the costs for allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> IgE serology. However, allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> serology was more precise in detecting the disease-causing allergen sources. A lower number of immunotherapy treatments (n = 119) was needed according to molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> as compared to extract-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (n = 275), which considerably reduced the total costs for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and for a 3-year treatment from EUR 1,112.30 to 521.77 per patient. The results from this real-life study show that SPT is less expensive than allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> diagnostic testing, but molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> allowed more precise prescription of immunotherapy which substantially reduced treatment costs and combined costs for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment. © 2017 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5841135','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5841135"><span>Greater Real-Life Diagnostic Efficacy of Allergen Molecule-<span class="hlt">Based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> for Prescription of Immunotherapy in an Area with Multiple Pollen Exposure</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Saltabayeva, Ulbosin; Garib, Victoria; Morenko, Marina; Rosenson, Rafail; Ispayeva, Zhanat; Gatauova, Madina; Zulus, Loreta; Karaulov, Alexander; Gastager, Felix; Valenta, Rudolf</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Background Allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> has been suggested to facilitate the identification of disease-causing allergen sources and the prescription of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). The aim of the current study was to compare allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> IgE serology with allergen extract-<span class="hlt">based</span> skin testing for the identification of the disease-causing allergen sources. The study was conducted in an area where patients are exposed to pollen from multiple sources (trees, grasses, and weeds) at the same time to compare the diagnostic efficiency of the 2 forms of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Methods Patients from Astana, Kazakhstan, who suffered from pollen-induced allergy (n = 95) were subjected to skin prick testing (SPT) with a local panel of tree pollen, grass pollen, and weed pollen allergen extracts and IgE antibodies specific for marker allergen molecules (nArt v 1, nArt v 3, rAmb a 1, rPhl p 1, rPhl p 5, rBet v 1) were measured by ImmunoCAP. Direct and indirect costs for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on SPT and marker allergen-<span class="hlt">based</span> IgE serology as well as direct costs for immunotherapy depending on SPT and serological test results were calculated. Results The costs for SPT-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> per patient were lower than the costs for allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> IgE serology. However, allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> serology was more precise in detecting the disease-causing allergen sources. A lower number of immunotherapy treatments (n = 119) was needed according to molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> as compared to extract-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (n = 275), which considerably reduced the total costs for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and for a 3-year treatment from EUR 1,112.30 to 521.77 per patient. Conclusions The results from this real-life study show that SPT is less expensive than allergen molecule-<span class="hlt">based</span> diagnostic testing, but molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> allowed more precise prescription of immunotherapy which substantially reduced treatment costs and combined costs for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment. PMID:28654920</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_18");'>18</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li class="active"><span>20</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_20 --> <div id="page_21" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li class="active"><span>21</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="401"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MeScT..28h4003V','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MeScT..28h4003V"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> position estimation methods <span class="hlt">based</span> on electrical impedance tomography measurements</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Vergara, Samuel; Sbarbaro, Daniel; Johansen, T. A.</p> <p>2017-08-01</p> <p> than 0.05% of the tomograph radius value. These results demonstrate that the proposed approaches can estimate an object’s position <span class="hlt">accurately</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on EIT measurements if enough process information is available for training or modelling. Since they do not require complex calculations it is possible to use them in real-time applications without requiring high-performance computers.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014JMoSt1073...58K','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014JMoSt1073...58K"><span>Increasing the speed of tumour <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> during surgery with selective scanning Raman microscopy</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Kong, Kenny; Rowlands, Christopher J.; Varma, Sandeep; Perkins, William; Leach, Iain H.; Koloydenko, Alexey A.; Pitiot, Alain; Williams, Hywel C.; Notingher, Ioan</p> <p>2014-09-01</p> <p>One of the main challenges in cancer surgery is ensuring that all tumour cells are removed during surgery, while sparing as much healthy tissue as possible. Histopathology, the gold-standard technique for cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, is often impractical for intra-operative use because of the time-consuming tissue preparation procedures (sectioning and staining). Raman micro-spectroscopy is a powerful technique that can discriminate between tumours and healthy tissues with high accuracy, <span class="hlt">based</span> entirely on intrinsic chemical differences. However, raster-scanning Raman micro-spectroscopy is a slow imaging technique that typically requires data acquisition times as long as several days for typical tissue samples obtained during surgery (1 × 1 cm2) - in particular when high signal-to-noise ratio spectra are required to ensure <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. In this paper we present two techniques <span class="hlt">based</span> on selective sampling Raman micro-spectroscopy that can overcome these limitations. In selective sampling, information regarding the spatial features of the tissue, either measured by an alternative optical technique or estimated in real-time from the Raman spectra, can be used to drastically reduce the number of Raman spectra required for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. These sampling strategies allowed <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of basal cell carcinoma in skin tissue samples excised during Mohs micrographic surgery faster than frozen section histopathology, and two orders of magnitude faster than previous techniques <span class="hlt">based</span> on raster-scanning Raman microscopy. Further development of these techniques may help during cancer surgery by providing a fast and objective way for surgeons to ensure the complete removal of tumour cells while sparing as much healthy tissue as possible.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24984948','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24984948"><span>A bacterial engineered glycoprotein as a novel antigen for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bovine brucellosis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ciocchini, Andrés E; Serantes, Diego A Rey; Melli, Luciano J; Guidolin, Leticia S; Iwashkiw, Jeremy A; Elena, Sebastián; Franco, Cristina; Nicola, Ana M; Feldman, Mario F; Comerci, Diego J; Ugalde, Juan E</p> <p>2014-08-27</p> <p>Brucellosis is a highly contagious zoonosis that affects livestock and human beings. Laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bovine brucellosis mainly relies on serological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> using serum and/or milk samples. Although there are several serological tests with different diagnostic performance and capacity to differentiate vaccinated from infected animals, there is still no standardized reference antigen for the disease. Here we validate the first recombinant glycoprotein antigen, an N-formylperosamine O-polysaccharide-protein conjugate (OAg-AcrA), for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bovine brucellosis. This antigen can be produced in homogeneous batches without the need of culturing pathogenic brucellae; all characteristics that make it appropriate for standardization. An indirect immunoassay <span class="hlt">based</span> on the detection of anti O-polysaccharide IgG antibodies in bovine samples was developed coupling OAg-AcrA to magnetic beads or ELISA plates. As a proof of concept and to validate the antigen, we analyzed serum, whole blood and milk samples obtained from non-infected, experimentally infected and vaccinated animals included in a vaccination/infection trial performed in our laboratory as well as more than 1000 serum and milk samples obtained from naturally infected and S19-vaccinated animals from Argentina. Our results demonstrate that OAg-AcrA-<span class="hlt">based</span> assays are highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bovine brucellosis, even in vaccinated herds, using different types of samples and in different platforms. We propose this novel recombinant glycoprotein as an antigen suitable for the development of new standard immunological tests for screening and confirmatory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bovine brucellosis in regions or countries with brucellosis-control programs. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992SPIE.1706..228S','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992SPIE.1706..228S"><span>Adaptive neural network/expert system that learns fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for different structures</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Simon, Solomon H.</p> <p>1992-08-01</p> <p>Corporations need better real-time monitoring and control systems to improve productivity by watching quality and increasing production flexibility. The innovative technology to achieve this goal is evolving in the form artificial intelligence and neural networks applied to sensor processing, fusion, and interpretation. By using these advanced Al techniques, we can leverage existing systems and add value to conventional techniques. Neural networks and knowledge-<span class="hlt">based</span> expert systems can be combined into intelligent sensor systems which provide real-time monitoring, control, evaluation, and fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for production systems. Neural network-<span class="hlt">based</span> intelligent sensor systems are more reliable because they can provide continuous, non-destructive monitoring and inspection. Use of neural networks can result in sensor fusion and the ability to model highly, non-linear systems. Improved models can provide a foundation for more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> performance parameters and predictions. We discuss a research software/hardware prototype which integrates neural networks, expert systems, and sensor technologies and which can adapt across a variety of structures to perform fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The flexibility and adaptability of the prototype in learning two structures is presented. Potential applications are discussed.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29142079','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29142079"><span>Laboratory <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Parasites from the Gastrointestinal Tract.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Garcia, Lynne S; Arrowood, Michael; Kokoskin, Evelyne; Paltridge, Graeme P; Pillai, Dylan R; Procop, Gary W; Ryan, Norbert; Shimizu, Robyn Y; Visvesvara, Govinda</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>This Practical Guidance for Clinical Microbiology document on the laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of parasites from the gastrointestinal tract provides practical information for the recovery and identification of relevant human parasites. The document is <span class="hlt">based</span> on a comprehensive literature review and expert consensus on relevant diagnostic methods. However, it does not include didactic information on human parasite life cycles, organism morphology, clinical disease, pathogenesis, treatment, or epidemiology and prevention. As greater emphasis is placed on neglected tropical diseases, it becomes highly probable that patients with gastrointestinal parasitic infections will become more widely recognized in areas where parasites are endemic and not endemic. Generally, these methods are nonautomated and require extensive bench experience for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> performance and interpretation. Copyright © 2017 American Society for Microbiology.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ChJME..30.1314J','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017ChJME..30.1314J"><span>Intelligent Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Rotary Machinery <span class="hlt">Based</span> on Unsupervised Multiscale Representation Learning</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Jiang, Guo-Qian; Xie, Ping; Wang, Xiao; Chen, Meng; He, Qun</p> <p>2017-11-01</p> <p>The performance of traditional vibration <span class="hlt">based</span> fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methods greatly depends on those handcrafted features extracted using signal processing algorithms, which require significant amounts of domain knowledge and human labor, and do not generalize well to new <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> domains. Recently, unsupervised representation learning provides an alternative promising solution to feature extraction in traditional fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> due to its superior learning ability from unlabeled data. Given that vibration signals usually contain multiple temporal structures, this paper proposes a multiscale representation learning (MSRL) framework to learn useful features directly from raw vibration signals, with the aim to capture rich and complementary fault pattern information at different scales. In our proposed approach, a coarse-grained procedure is first employed to obtain multiple scale signals from an original vibration signal. Then, sparse filtering, a newly developed unsupervised learning algorithm, is applied to automatically learn useful features from each scale signal, respectively, and then the learned features at each scale to be concatenated one by one to obtain multiscale representations. Finally, the multiscale representations are fed into a supervised classifier to achieve <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> results. Our proposed approach is evaluated using two different case studies: motor bearing and wind turbine gearbox fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Experimental results show that the proposed MSRL approach can take full advantages of the availability of unlabeled data to learn discriminative features and achieved better performance with higher accuracy and stability compared to the traditional approaches.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27763787','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27763787"><span>Laboratory <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Zika Virus Infection.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Landry, Marie Louise; St George, Kirsten</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>-The rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Zika virus infection is an international priority. -To review current recommendations, methods, limitations, and priorities for Zika virus testing. -Sources include published literature, public health recommendations, laboratory procedures, and testing experience. -Until recently, the laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Zika infection was confined to public health or research laboratories that prepared their own reagents, and test capacity has been limited. Furthermore, Zika cross-reacts serologically with other flaviviruses, such as dengue, West Nile, and yellow fever. Current or past infection, or even vaccination with another flavivirus, will often cause false-positive or uninterpretable Zika serology results. Detection of viral RNA during acute infection using nucleic acid amplification tests provides more specific results, and a number of commercial nucleic acid amplification tests have received emergency use authorization. In addition to serum, testing of whole blood and urine is recommended because of the higher vial loads and longer duration of shedding. However, nucleic acid amplification testing has limited utility because many patients are asymptomatic or present for testing after the brief period of Zika shedding has passed. Thus, the greatest need and most difficult challenge is development of <span class="hlt">accurate</span> antibody tests for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of recent Zika infection. Research is urgently needed to identify Zika virus epitopes that do not cross-react with other flavivirus antigens. New information is emerging at a rapid pace and, with ongoing public-private and international collaborations and government support, it is hoped that rapid progress will be made in developing robust and widely applicable diagnostic tools.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4446416','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4446416"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> read-<span class="hlt">based</span> metagenome characterization using a hierarchical suite of unique signatures</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Freitas, Tracey Allen K.; Li, Po-E; Scholz, Matthew B.; Chain, Patrick S. G.</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>A major challenge in the field of shotgun metagenomics is the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> identification of organisms present within a microbial community, <span class="hlt">based</span> on classification of short sequence reads. Though existing microbial community profiling methods have attempted to rapidly classify the millions of reads output from modern sequencers, the combination of incomplete databases, similarity among otherwise divergent genomes, errors and biases in sequencing technologies, and the large volumes of sequencing data required for metagenome sequencing has led to unacceptably high false discovery rates (FDR). Here, we present the application of a novel, gene-independent and signature-<span class="hlt">based</span> metagenomic taxonomic profiling method with significantly and consistently smaller FDR than any other available method. Our algorithm circumvents false positives using a series of non-redundant signature databases and examines Genomic Origins Through Taxonomic CHAllenge (GOTTCHA). GOTTCHA was tested and validated on 20 synthetic and mock datasets ranging in community composition and complexity, was applied successfully to data generated from spiked environmental and clinical samples, and robustly demonstrates superior performance compared with other available tools. PMID:25765641</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29951443','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29951443"><span>An Aptamer-<span class="hlt">based</span> Biosensor for Troponin I Detection in <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Myocardial Infarction.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Negahdary, M; Behjati-Ardakani, M; Sattarahmady, N; Heli, H</p> <p>2018-06-01</p> <p>Acute myocardial infarction (MI) accounts for one third of deaths. Cardiac troponin I (TnI) is a reliable biomarker of cardiac muscle tissue injury and is employed in the early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of MI. In this study, a molecular method is introduced to early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of MI by rapid detection of TnI. The detection method was <span class="hlt">based</span> on electrochemical aptasensing, being developed using different methods and evaluation steps. A gold electrode was used as a transducer to successful immobilize 76<span class="hlt">base</span> aptamer to fabricate a TnI biosensor. The designed aptasensor could detect TnI in a range of 0.03 to 2.0 ng mL-1 without using any label, pre-concentration or amplification steps. The limit of detection was attained as 10 pg mL-1 without significant trouble of interfering species. The TnI biosensor demonestrated a stable, regenerative and reproducible function. 89 human samples were used to evaluate the performance of the TnI biosensor, and it represented 100% and 81%, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, respectively. This aptasensor may be used as an applicable tool in the future of early medical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of MI.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20130011073','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20130011073"><span>Model-<span class="hlt">Based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and Prognosis of a Water Recycling System</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Roychoudhury, Indranil; Hafiychuk, Vasyl; Goebel, Kai Frank</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>A water recycling system (WRS) deployed at NASA Ames Research Center s Sustainability <span class="hlt">Base</span> (an energy efficient office building that integrates some novel technologies developed for space applications) will serve as a testbed for long duration testing of next generation spacecraft water recycling systems for future human spaceflight missions. This system cleans graywater (waste water collected from sinks and showers) and recycles it into clean water. Like all engineered systems, the WRS is prone to standard degradation due to regular use, as well as other faults. Diagnostic and prognostic applications will be deployed on the WRS to ensure its safe, efficient, and correct operation. The diagnostic and prognostic results can be used to enable condition-<span class="hlt">based</span> maintenance to avoid unplanned outages, and perhaps extend the useful life of the WRS. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> involves detecting when a fault occurs, isolating the root cause of the fault, and identifying the extent of damage. Prognosis involves predicting when the system will reach its end of life irrespective of whether an abnormal condition is present or not. In this paper, first, we develop a physics model of both nominal and faulty system behavior of the WRS. Then, we apply an integrated model-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and prognosis framework to the simulation model of the WRS for several different fault scenarios to detect, isolate, and identify faults, and predict the end of life in each fault scenario, and present the experimental results.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5498511','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5498511"><span>Searching for an <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> Marker-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Prediction of an Individual Quantitative Trait in Molecular Plant Breeding</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Fu, Yong-Bi; Yang, Mo-Hua; Zeng, Fangqin; Biligetu, Bill</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Molecular plant breeding with the aid of molecular markers has played an important role in modern plant breeding over the last two decades. Many marker-<span class="hlt">based</span> predictions for quantitative traits have been made to enhance parental selection, but the trait prediction accuracy remains generally low, even with the aid of dense, genome-wide SNP markers. To search for more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> trait-specific prediction with informative SNP markers, we conducted a literature review on the prediction issues in molecular plant breeding and on the applicability of an RNA-Seq technique for developing function-associated specific trait (FAST) SNP markers. To understand whether and how FAST SNP markers could enhance trait prediction, we also performed a theoretical reasoning on the effectiveness of these markers in a trait-specific prediction, and verified the reasoning through computer simulation. To the end, the search yielded an alternative to regular genomic selection with FAST SNP markers that could be explored to achieve more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> trait-specific prediction. Continuous search for better alternatives is encouraged to enhance marker-<span class="hlt">based</span> predictions for an individual quantitative trait in molecular plant breeding. PMID:28729875</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MS%26E..241a2035P','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MS%26E..241a2035P"><span>Rolling bearing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on information fusion using Dempster-Shafer evidence theory</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Pei, Di; Yue, Jianhai; Jiao, Jing</p> <p>2017-10-01</p> <p>This paper presents a fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> method for rolling bearing <span class="hlt">based</span> on information fusion. Acceleration sensors are arranged at different position to get bearing vibration data as diagnostic evidence. The Dempster-Shafer (D-S) evidence theory is used to fuse multi-sensor data to improve diagnostic accuracy. The efficiency of the proposed method is demonstrated by the high speed train transmission test bench. The results of experiment show that the proposed method in this paper improves the rolling bearing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy compared with traditional signal analysis methods.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://eric.ed.gov/?q=attention+AND+memory+AND+articles&pg=5&id=EJ1026532','ERIC'); return false;" href="https://eric.ed.gov/?q=attention+AND+memory+AND+articles&pg=5&id=EJ1026532"><span>Assessment and Differential <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Comorbid Conditions in Adolescents and Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorders</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Trammell, Beth; Wilczynski, Susan M.; Dale, Brittany; Mcintosh, David E.</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Successful treatment of individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is entirely contingent on an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Although many resources exist to help the clinician with differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of children, particularly in early childhood, the resources available for evaluating adolescents and adults is far less prevalent. Clinicians often…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22036363-extension-gladstone-dale-equation-flame-flow-field-diagnosis-optical-computerized-tomography','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/22036363-extension-gladstone-dale-equation-flame-flow-field-diagnosis-optical-computerized-tomography"><span>Extension of the Gladstone-Dale equation for flame flow field <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by optical computerized tomography</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Chen Yunyun; Li Zhenhua; Song Yang</p> <p>2009-05-01</p> <p>An extended model of the original Gladstone-Dale (G-D) equation is proposed for optical computerized tomography (OCT) <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of flame flow fields. For the purpose of verifying the newly established model, propane combustion is used as a practical example for experiment, and moire deflection tomography is introduced with the probe wavelength 808 nm. The results indicate that the temperature <span class="hlt">based</span> on the extended model is more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> than that <span class="hlt">based</span> on the original G-D equation. In a word, the extended model can be suitable for all kinds of flame flow fields whatever the components, temperature, and ionization are.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4972611','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4972611"><span>Inherited platelet disorders: toward DNA-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Lentaigne, Claire; Freson, Kathleen; Laffan, Michael A.; Turro, Ernest</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Variations in platelet number, volume, and function are largely genetically controlled, and many loci associated with platelet traits have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWASs).1 The genome also contains a large number of rare variants, of which a tiny fraction underlies the inherited diseases of humans. Research over the last 3 decades has led to the discovery of 51 genes harboring variants responsible for inherited platelet disorders (IPDs). However, the majority of patients with an IPD still do not receive a molecular <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Alongside the scientific interest, molecular or genetic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is important for patients. There is increasing recognition that a number of IPDs are associated with severe pathologies, including an increased risk of malignancy, and a definitive <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> can inform prognosis and care. In this review, we give an overview of these disorders grouped according to their effect on platelet biology and their clinical characteristics. We also discuss the challenge of identifying candidate genes and causal variants therein, how IPDs have been historically diagnosed, and how this is changing with the introduction of high-throughput sequencing. Finally, we describe how integration of large genomic, epigenomic, and phenotypic datasets, including whole genome sequencing data, GWASs, epigenomic profiling, protein–protein interaction networks, and standardized clinical phenotype coding, will drive the discovery of novel mechanisms of disease in the near future to improve patient <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management. PMID:27095789</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4032358','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4032358"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of genital herpes simplex virus infection in the clinical laboratory</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p></p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Since the type of herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection affects prognosis and subsequent counseling, type-specific testing to distinguish HSV-1 from HSV-2 is always recommended. Although PCR has been the diagnostic standard method for HSV infections of the central nervous system, until now viral culture has been the test of choice for HSV genital infection. However, HSV PCR, with its consistently and substantially higher rate of HSV detection, could replace viral culture as the gold standard for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of genital herpes in people with active mucocutaneous lesions, regardless of anatomic location or viral type. Alternatively, antigen detection—an immunofluorescence test or enzyme immunoassay from samples from symptomatic patients--could be employed, but HSV type determination is of importance. Type-specific serology <span class="hlt">based</span> on glycoprotein G should be used for detecting asymptomatic individuals but widespread screening for HSV antibodies is not recommended. In conclusion, rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of HSV is now become a necessity, given the difficulty in making the clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of HSV, the growing worldwide prevalence of genital herpes and the availability of effective antiviral therapy. PMID:24885431</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25636337','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25636337"><span>A practical approach to the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of systemic amyloidoses.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Fernández de Larrea, Carlos; Verga, Laura; Morbini, Patrizia; Klersy, Catherine; Lavatelli, Francesca; Foli, Andrea; Obici, Laura; Milani, Paolo; Capello, Gian Luca; Paulli, Marco; Palladini, Giovanni; Merlini, Giampaolo</p> <p>2015-04-02</p> <p><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of systemic amyloidosis is necessary both for assessing the prognosis and for delineating the appropriate treatment. It is <span class="hlt">based</span> on histologic evidence of amyloid deposits and characterization of the amyloidogenic protein. We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic performance of immunoelectron microscopy (IEM) of abdominal fat aspirates from 745 consecutive patients with suspected systemic amyloidoses. All cases were extensively investigated with clinical and laboratory data, with a follow-up of at least 18 months. The 423 (56.8%) cases with confirmed systemic forms were used to estimate the diagnostic performance of IEM. Compared with Congo-red-<span class="hlt">based</span> light microscopy, IEM was equally sensitive (75% to 80%) but significantly more specific (100% vs 80%; P < .001). In amyloid light-chain (AL) amyloidosis, κ cases were more difficult to diagnose (sensitivity 71%), whereas the analysis of abdominal aspirate was informative in only 40% of patients with transthyretin amyloidosis. We found a high prevalence (20%) of a monoclonal component in patients with non-AL amyloidosis, highlighting the risk of misdiagnosis and the need for unequivocal amyloid typing. Notably, IEM identified correctly the specific form of amyloidosis in >99% of the cases. IEM of abdominal fat aspirates is an effective tool in the routine <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of systemic amyloidoses. © 2015 by The American Society of Hematology.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26635643','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26635643"><span>Why the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Matters.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Hamed, Alaa M; Kauer, Aaron J; Stevens, Hanna E</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Attention Deficit Hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common and challenging childhood neurobehavioral disorders. ADHD is known to negatively impact children, their families, and their community. About one-third to one-half of patients with ADHD will have persistent symptoms into adulthood. The prevalence in the United States is estimated at 5-11%, representing 6.4 million children nationwide. The variability in the prevalence of ADHD worldwide and within the US may be due to the wide range of factors that affect <span class="hlt">accurate</span> assessment of children and youth. Because of these obstacles to assessment, ADHD is under-diagnosed, misdiagnosed, and undertreated. We examined factors associated with making and receiving the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of ADHD. We sought to review the consequences of a lack of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment for ADHD on children's and adolescent's lives and how their families and the community may be involved in these consequences. We reviewed scientific articles looking for factors that impact the identification and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of ADHD and articles that demonstrate naturalistic outcomes of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment. The data <span class="hlt">bases</span> PubMed and Google scholar were searched from the year 1995 to 2015 using the search terms "ADHD, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, outcomes." We then reviewed abstracts and reference lists within those articles to rule out or rule in these or other articles. Multiple factors have significant impact in the identification and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of ADHD including parents, healthcare providers, teachers, and aspects of the environment. Only a few studies detailed the impact of not diagnosing ADHD, with unclear consequences independent of treatment. A more significant number of studies have examined the impact of untreated ADHD. The experience around receiving a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> described by individuals with ADHD provides some additional insights. ADHD <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is influenced by perceptions of many different members of a child's community. A lack of clear understanding of ADHD</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1390935-towards-first-principles-based-prediction-highly-accurate-electrochemical-pourbaix-diagrams','SCIGOV-STC'); return false;" href="https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1390935-towards-first-principles-based-prediction-highly-accurate-electrochemical-pourbaix-diagrams"><span>Towards First Principles-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Prediction of Highly <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> Electrochemical Pourbaix Diagrams</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.osti.gov/search">DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)</a></p> <p>Zeng, Zhenhua; Chan, Maria K. Y.; Zhao, Zhi-Jian</p> <p>2015-08-13</p> <p>Electrochemical potential/pH (Pourbaix) diagrams underpin many aqueous electrochemical processes and are central to the identification of stable phases of metals for processes ranging from electrocatalysis to corrosion. Even though standard DFT calculations are potentially powerful tools for the prediction of such diagrams, inherent errors in the description of transition metal (hydroxy)oxides, together with neglect of van der Waals interactions, have limited the reliability of such predictions for even the simplest pure metal bulk compounds, and corresponding predictions for more complex alloy or surface structures are even more challenging. In the present work, through synergistic use of a Hubbard U correction,more » a state-of-the-art dispersion correction, and a water-<span class="hlt">based</span> bulk reference state for the calculations, these errors are systematically corrected. The approach describes the weak binding that occurs between hydroxyl-containing functional groups in certain compounds in Pourbaix diagrams, corrects for self-interaction errors in transition metal compounds, and reduces residual errors on oxygen atoms by preserving a consistent oxidation state between the reference state, water, and the relevant bulk phases. The strong performance is illustrated on a series of bulk transition metal (Mn, Fe, Co and Ni) hydroxides, oxyhydroxides, binary, and ternary oxides, where the corresponding thermodynamics of redox and (de)hydration are described with standard errors of 0.04 eV per (reaction) formula unit. The approach further preserves <span class="hlt">accurate</span> descriptions of the overall thermodynamics of electrochemically-relevant bulk reactions, such as water formation, which is an essential condition for facilitating <span class="hlt">accurate</span> analysis of reaction energies for electrochemical processes on surfaces. The overall generality and transferability of the scheme suggests that it may find useful application in the construction of a broad array of electrochemical phase diagrams, including</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1402301','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1402301"><span>Evaluation of the ICT Tuberculosis test for the routine <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of tuberculosis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Ongut, Gozde; Ogunc, Dilara; Gunseren, Filiz; Ogus, Candan; Donmez, Levent; Colak, Dilek; Gultekin, Meral</p> <p>2006-01-01</p> <p>Background Rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of tuberculosis (TB) is crucial to facilitate early treatment of infectious cases and thus to reduce its spread. To improve the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of TB, more rapid diagnostic techniques such as antibody detection methods including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-<span class="hlt">based</span> serological tests and immunochromatographic methods were developed. This study was designed to evaluate the validity of an immunochromatographic assay, ICT Tuberculosis test for the serologic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of TB in Antalya, Turkey. Methods Sera from 72 patients with active pulmonary (53 smear-positive and 19 smear-negative cases) and eight extrapulmonary (6 smear-positive and 2 smear-negative cases) TB, and 54 controls from different outpatient clinics with similar demographic characteristics as patients were tested by ICT Tuberculosis test. Results The sensitivity, specificity, and negative predictive value of the ICT Tuberculosis test for pulmonary TB were 33.3%, 100%, and 52.9%, respectively. Smear-positive pulmonary TB patients showed a higher positivity rate for antibodies than smear-negative patients, but the difference was not statistically significant. Of the eight patients with extrapulmonary TB, antibody was detected in four patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that ICT Tuberculosis test can be used to aid TB <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in smear-positive patients until the culture results are available. PMID:16504161</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_19");'>19</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li class="active"><span>21</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_21 --> <div id="page_22" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li class="active"><span>22</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="421"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29450848','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29450848"><span>Automated Pathogenesis-<span class="hlt">Based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Lumbar Neural Foraminal Stenosis via Deep Multiscale Multitask Learning.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Han, Zhongyi; Wei, Benzheng; Leung, Stephanie; Nachum, Ilanit Ben; Laidley, David; Li, Shuo</p> <p>2018-02-15</p> <p>Pathogenesis-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is a key step to prevent and control lumbar neural foraminal stenosis (LNFS). It conducts both early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and comprehensive assessment by drawing crucial pathological links between pathogenic factors and LNFS. Automated pathogenesis-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> would simultaneously localize and grade multiple spinal organs (neural foramina, vertebrae, intervertebral discs) to diagnose LNFS and discover pathogenic factors. The automated way facilitates planning optimal therapeutic schedules and relieving clinicians from laborious workloads. However, no successful work has been achieved yet due to its extreme challenges since 1) multiple targets: each lumbar spine has at least 17 target organs, 2) multiple scales: each type of target organ has structural complexity and various scales across subjects, and 3) multiple tasks, i.e., simultaneous localization and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of all lumbar organs, are extremely difficult than individual tasks. To address these huge challenges, we propose a deep multiscale multitask learning network (DMML-Net) integrating a multiscale multi-output learning and a multitask regression learning into a fully convolutional network. 1) DMML-Net merges semantic representations to reinforce the salience of numerous target organs. 2) DMML-Net extends multiscale convolutional layers as multiple output layers to boost the scale-invariance for various organs. 3) DMML-Net joins a multitask regression module and a multitask loss module to prompt the mutual benefit between tasks. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that DMML-Net achieves high performance (0.845 mean average precision) on T1/T2-weighted MRI scans from 200 subjects. This endows our method an efficient tool for clinical LNFS <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25668997','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25668997"><span>Differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of delayed awakening from general anesthesia: a review.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Frost, Elizabeth A M</p> <p>2014-10-01</p> <p>With the general use of fast acting anesthetic agents, patients usually awaken quickly in the post operative period. However, sometimes recovery is protracted and the list of possible causes in long. <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is key to institution of appropriate therapy.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19910001638','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/19910001638"><span>Fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Abbott, Kathy</p> <p>1990-01-01</p> <p>The objective of the research in this area of fault management is to develop and implement a decision aiding concept for diagnosing faults, especially faults which are difficult for pilots to identify, and to develop methods for presenting the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> information to the flight crew in a timely and comprehensible manner. The requirements for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> concept were identified by interviewing pilots, analyzing actual incident and accident cases, and examining psychology literature on how humans perform <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> decision aiding concept developed <span class="hlt">based</span> on those requirements takes abnormal sensor readings as input, as identified by a fault monitor. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on these abnormal sensor readings, the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> concept identifies the cause or source of the fault and all components affected by the fault. This concept was implemented for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of aircraft propulsion and hydraulic subsystems in a computer program called Draphys (Diagnostic Reasoning About Physical Systems). Draphys is unique in two important ways. First, it uses models of both functional and physical relationships in the subsystems. Using both models enables the diagnostic reasoning to identify the fault propagation as the faulted system continues to operate, and to diagnose physical damage. Draphys also reasons about behavior of the faulted system over time, to eliminate possibilities as more information becomes available, and to update the system status as more components are affected by the fault. The crew interface research is examining display issues associated with presenting <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> information to the flight crew. One study examined issues for presenting system status information. One lesson learned from that study was that pilots found fault situations to be more complex if they involved multiple subsystems. Another was pilots could identify the faulted systems more quickly if the system status was presented in pictorial or text format. Another study is currently under way to</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5738058','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5738058"><span>An improved wrapper-<span class="hlt">based</span> feature selection method for machinery fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p></p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>A major issue of machinery fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> using vibration signals is that it is over-reliant on personnel knowledge and experience in interpreting the signal. Thus, machine learning has been adapted for machinery fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The quantity and quality of the input features, however, influence the fault classification performance. Feature selection plays a vital role in selecting the most representative feature subset for the machine learning algorithm. In contrast, the trade-off relationship between capability when selecting the best feature subset and computational effort is inevitable in the wrapper-<span class="hlt">based</span> feature selection (WFS) method. This paper proposes an improved WFS technique before integration with a support vector machine (SVM) model classifier as a complete fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system for a rolling element bearing case study. The bearing vibration dataset made available by the Case Western Reserve University Bearing Data Centre was executed using the proposed WFS and its performance has been analysed and discussed. The results reveal that the proposed WFS secures the best feature subset with a lower computational effort by eliminating the redundancy of re-evaluation. The proposed WFS has therefore been found to be capable and efficient to carry out feature selection tasks. PMID:29261689</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23378254','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23378254"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and management of ischemic heart disease.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lippi, Giuseppe; Franchini, Massimo; Cervellin, Gianfranco</p> <p>2013-03-01</p> <p>Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of death and disability worldwide. An early and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of IHD is necessary to improve outcomes. According to recent guidelines, the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is <span class="hlt">based</span> on increased or decreased value of cardiospecific troponins with one measure exceeding the 99th percentile upper reference limit, associated with symptoms suggestive for myocardial ischemia, indicative electrocardiogram abnormalities, and evidence of recent myocardial functional impairment or intracoronary thrombosis. The recent advent of highly sensitive troponin immunoassays has represented a paradigm shift, wherein the improved analytical sensitivity has increased the negative predictive value, while contextually decreasing the diagnostic specificity of these tests. Although several additional biomarkers have been proposed as surrogate or in combination with troponins, there is little evidence that any of these will substantially improve AMI <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. With regard to therapy, early mechanical (i.e., percutaneous coronary intervention, PCI) or pharmacological reperfusion should be performed early in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) within 12 h of symptom onset, whereas fibrinolysis may be considered in all other circumstances. Patients undergoing primary PCI should also receive a combination of double antiplatelet therapy (i.e., aspirin and adenosine diphosphate receptor blocker), associated with parenteral anticoagulation, preferably with low-molecular-weight heparin. In analogy with STEMI, a wealth of data shows that primary early invasive strategy (i.e., PCI) and antiplatelet therapy remains the cornerstone of management of patients with non-ST segment elevation acute coronary syndrome. Stem cell-<span class="hlt">based</span> therapy has also emerged as a potentially therapeutic option, and there are ongoing efforts among several investigators to translate basic research into clinical practice. Thieme Medical Publishers</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1080932.pdf','ERIC'); return false;" href="http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1080932.pdf"><span>The Analysis of Organizational <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> on <span class="hlt">Based</span> Six Box Model in Universities</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/search/extended.jsp?_pageLabel=advanced">ERIC Educational Resources Information Center</a></p> <p>Hamid, Rahimi; Siadat, Sayyed Ali; Reza, Hoveida; Arash, Shahin; Ali, Nasrabadi Hasan; Azizollah, Arbabisarjou</p> <p>2011-01-01</p> <p>Purpose: The analysis of organizational <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> on <span class="hlt">based</span> six box model at universities. Research method: Research method was descriptive-survey. Statistical population consisted of 1544 faculty members of universities which through random strafed sampling method 218 persons were chosen as the sample. Research Instrument were organizational…</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19530624','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19530624"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of clinical samples spotted on FTA cards using PCR-<span class="hlt">based</span> methods.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Jamjoom, Manal; Sultan, Amal H</p> <p>2009-04-01</p> <p>The broad clinical presentation of Leishmaniasis makes the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of current and past cases of this disease rather difficult. Differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is important because diseases caused by other aetiologies and a clinical spectrum similar to that of leishmaniasis (e.g. leprosy, skin cancers and tuberculosis for CL; malaria and schistosomiasis for VL) are often present in endemic areas of endemicity. Presently, a variety of methods have been developed and tested to aid the identification and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Leishmania. The advent of the PCR technology has opened new channels for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of leishmaniasis in a variety of clinical materials. PCR is a simple, rapid procedure that has been adapted for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of leishmaniasis. A range of tools is currently available for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and identification of leishmaniasis and Leishmania species, respectively. However, none of these diagnostic tools are examined and tested using samples spotted on FTA cards. Three different PCR-<span class="hlt">based</span> approaches were examined including: kDNA minicircle, Leishmania 18S rRNA gene and PCR-RFLP of Intergenic region of ribosomal protein. PCR primers were designed that sit within the coding sequences of genes (relatively well conserved) but which amplify across the intervening intergenic sequence (relatively variable). These were used in PCR-RFLP on reference isolates of 10 of the most important Leishmania species: L. donovani, L. infantum, L. major & L. tropica. Digestion of PCR products with restriction enzymes produced species-specific restriction patterns allowed discrimination of reference isolates. The kDNA minicircle primers are highly sensitive in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of both bone marrow and skin smears from FTA cards. Leishmania 18S rRNA gene conserved region is sensitive in identification of bone marrow smear but less sensitive in diagnosing skin smears. The intergenic nested PCR-RFLP using P5 & P6 as well as P1 & P2 newly designed primers showed high level of reproducibility and sensitivity</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3970899','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3970899"><span>Ensemble MD simulations restrained via crystallographic data: <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> structure leads to <span class="hlt">accurate</span> dynamics</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Xue, Yi; Skrynnikov, Nikolai R</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Currently, the best existing molecular dynamics (MD) force fields cannot <span class="hlt">accurately</span> reproduce the global free-energy minimum which realizes the experimental protein structure. As a result, long MD trajectories tend to drift away from the starting coordinates (e.g., crystallographic structures). To address this problem, we have devised a new simulation strategy aimed at protein crystals. An MD simulation of protein crystal is essentially an ensemble simulation involving multiple protein molecules in a crystal unit cell (or a block of unit cells). To ensure that average protein coordinates remain correct during the simulation, we introduced crystallography-<span class="hlt">based</span> restraints into the MD protocol. Because these restraints are aimed at the ensemble-average structure, they have only minimal impact on conformational dynamics of the individual protein molecules. So long as the average structure remains reasonable, the proteins move in a native-like fashion as dictated by the original force field. To validate this approach, we have used the data from solid-state NMR spectroscopy, which is the orthogonal experimental technique uniquely sensitive to protein local dynamics. The new method has been tested on the well-established model protein, ubiquitin. The ensemble-restrained MD simulations produced lower crystallographic R factors than conventional simulations; they also led to more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> predictions for crystallographic temperature factors, solid-state chemical shifts, and backbone order parameters. The predictions for 15N R1 relaxation rates are at least as <span class="hlt">accurate</span> as those obtained from conventional simulations. Taken together, these results suggest that the presented trajectories may be among the most realistic protein MD simulations ever reported. In this context, the ensemble restraints <span class="hlt">based</span> on high-resolution crystallographic data can be viewed as protein-specific empirical corrections to the standard force fields. PMID:24452989</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5920445','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5920445"><span>Differential <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Autism Spectrum Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: Two Clinical Cases</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Stavropoulos, Katherine Kuhl-Meltzoff; Bolourian, Yasamine; Blacher, Jan</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is estimated to affect one in 68 children. Given the increase in both prevalence and awareness of ASD, it is critical to provide <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and timely <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. However, ASD often co-occurs with other disorders, making <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> difficult. The objective of the current case study was to provide two examples of differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in ASD and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) observed in an autism clinic. In both cases, the goal was to decide whether each child should be given a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of ASD, PTSD, or both. PMID:29642485</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589261','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19589261"><span>Infrared thermography <span class="hlt">based</span> on artificial intelligence as a screening method for carpal tunnel syndrome <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Jesensek Papez, B; Palfy, M; Mertik, M; Turk, Z</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>This study further evaluated a computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> infrared thermography (IRT) system, which employs artificial neural networks for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) using a large database of 502 thermal images of the dorsal and palmar side of 132 healthy and 119 pathological hands. It confirmed the hypothesis that the dorsal side of the hand is of greater importance than the palmar side when diagnosing CTS thermographically. Using this method it was possible correctly to classify 72.2% of all hands (healthy and pathological) <span class="hlt">based</span> on dorsal images and > 80% of hands when only severely affected and healthy hands were considered. Compared with the gold standard electromyographic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of CTS, IRT cannot be recommended as an adequate diagnostic tool when exact severity level <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is required, however we conclude that IRT could be used as a screening tool for severe cases in populations with high ergonomic risk factors of CTS.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25460891','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25460891"><span>Highly sensitive dendrimer-<span class="hlt">based</span> nanoplasmonic biosensor for drug allergy <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Soler, Maria; Mesa-Antunez, Pablo; Estevez, M-Carmen; Ruiz-Sanchez, Antonio Jesus; Otte, Marinus A; Sepulveda, Borja; Collado, Daniel; Mayorga, Cristobalina; Torres, Maria Jose; Perez-Inestrosa, Ezequiel; Lechuga, Laura M</p> <p>2015-04-15</p> <p>A label-free biosensing strategy for amoxicillin (AX) allergy <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on the combination of novel dendrimer-<span class="hlt">based</span> conjugates and a recently developed nanoplasmonic sensor technology is reported. Gold nanodisks were functionalized with a custom-designed thiol-ending-polyamido-<span class="hlt">based</span> dendron (d-BAPAD) peripherally decorated with amoxicilloyl (AXO) groups (d-BAPAD-AXO) in order to detect specific IgE generated in patient's serum against this antibiotic during an allergy outbreak. This innovative strategy, which follows a simple one-step immobilization procedure, shows exceptional results in terms of sensitivity and robustness, leading to a highly-reproducible and long-term stable surface which allows achieving extremely low limits of detection. Moreover, the viability of this biosensor approach to analyze human biological samples has been demonstrated by directly analyzing and quantifying specific anti-AX antibodies in patient's serum without any sample pretreatment. An excellent limit of detection (LoD) of 0.6ng/mL (i.e. 0.25kU/L) has been achieved in the evaluation of clinical samples evidencing the potential of our nanoplasmonic biosensor as an advanced diagnostic tool to quickly identify allergic patients. The results have been compared and validated with a conventional clinical immunofluorescence assay (ImmunoCAP test), confirming an excellent correlation between both techniques. The combination of a novel compact nanoplasmonic platform and a dendrimer-<span class="hlt">based</span> strategy provides a highly sensitive label free biosensor approach with over two times better detectability than conventional SPR. Both the biosensor device and the carrier structure hold great potential in clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for biomarker analysis in whole serum samples and other human biological samples. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PhPro..33.1395G','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2012PhPro..33.1395G"><span>Design and Implementation of Harmful Algal Bloom <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> System <span class="hlt">Based</span> on J2EE Platform</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Guo, Chunfeng; Zheng, Haiyong; Ji, Guangrong; Lv, Liang</p> <p></p> <p>According to the shortcomings which are time consuming and laborious of the traditional HAB (Harmful Algal Bloom) <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by the experienced experts using microscope, all kinds of methods and technologies to identify HAB emerged such as microscopic images, molecular biology, characteristics of pigments analysis, fluorescence spectra, inherent optical properties, etc. This paper proposes the design and implementation of a web-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system integrating the popular methods for HAB identification. This system is designed with J2EE platform <span class="hlt">based</span> on MVC (Model-View-Controller) model as well as technologies such as JSP, Servlets, EJB and JDBC.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Chaos..28d3119Z','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018Chaos..28d3119Z"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> detection of hierarchical communities in complex networks <span class="hlt">based</span> on nonlinear dynamical evolution</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Zhuo, Zhao; Cai, Shi-Min; Tang, Ming; Lai, Ying-Cheng</p> <p>2018-04-01</p> <p>One of the most challenging problems in network science is to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> detect communities at distinct hierarchical scales. Most existing methods are <span class="hlt">based</span> on structural analysis and manipulation, which are NP-hard. We articulate an alternative, dynamical evolution-<span class="hlt">based</span> approach to the problem. The basic principle is to computationally implement a nonlinear dynamical process on all nodes in the network with a general coupling scheme, creating a networked dynamical system. Under a proper system setting and with an adjustable control parameter, the community structure of the network would "come out" or emerge naturally from the dynamical evolution of the system. As the control parameter is systematically varied, the community hierarchies at different scales can be revealed. As a concrete example of this general principle, we exploit clustered synchronization as a dynamical mechanism through which the hierarchical community structure can be uncovered. In particular, for quite arbitrary choices of the nonlinear nodal dynamics and coupling scheme, decreasing the coupling parameter from the global synchronization regime, in which the dynamical states of all nodes are perfectly synchronized, can lead to a weaker type of synchronization organized as clusters. We demonstrate the existence of optimal choices of the coupling parameter for which the synchronization clusters encode <span class="hlt">accurate</span> information about the hierarchical community structure of the network. We test and validate our method using a standard class of benchmark modular networks with two distinct hierarchies of communities and a number of empirical networks arising from the real world. Our method is computationally extremely efficient, eliminating completely the NP-hard difficulty associated with previous methods. The basic principle of exploiting dynamical evolution to uncover hidden community organizations at different scales represents a "game-change" type of approach to addressing the problem of community</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18848314','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18848314"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and initial management of cerebellar infarction.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Edlow, Jonathan A; Newman-Toker, David E; Savitz, Sean I</p> <p>2008-10-01</p> <p>Cerebellar infarction is an important cause of stroke that often presents with common and non-specific symptoms such as dizziness, nausea and vomiting, unsteady gait, and headache. <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> frequently relies on careful attention to patients' coordination, gait, and eye movements--components of the neurological physical examination that are sometimes omitted or abridged if cerebellar stroke is not specifically being considered. The differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is broad, and includes many common and benign causes. Furthermore, early-stage posterior fossa ischaemia is rarely seen with brain CT--the most commonly available initial imaging test that is used for stroke. Insufficient examination and imaging can result in misdiagnosis. However, early correct <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is crucial to help prevent treatable but potentially fatal complications, such as brainstem compression and obstructive hydrocephalus. The identification and treatment of the underlying vascular lesions at an early stage can also prevent subsequent occurrences of stroke and improve patients' outcomes. Here, we review the clinical presentation of cerebellar infarction, from <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and misdiagnosis to patients' monitoring, treatment, and potential complications.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017SPIE10137E..12L','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017SPIE10137E..12L"><span>Automated <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Alzheimer's disease with multi-atlas <span class="hlt">based</span> whole brain segmentations</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Luo, Yuan; Tang, Xiaoying</p> <p>2017-03-01</p> <p>Voxel-<span class="hlt">based</span> analysis is widely used in quantitative analysis of structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and automated disease detection, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, noise at the voxel level may cause low sensitivity to AD-induced structural abnormalities. This can be addressed with the use of a whole brain structural segmentation approach which greatly reduces the dimension of features (the number of voxels). In this paper, we propose an automatic AD <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system that combines such whole brain segmen- tations with advanced machine learning methods. We used a multi-atlas segmentation technique to parcellate T1-weighted images into 54 distinct brain regions and extract their structural volumes to serve as the features for principal-component-analysis-<span class="hlt">based</span> dimension reduction and support-vector-machine-<span class="hlt">based</span> classification. The relationship between the number of retained principal components (PCs) and the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy was systematically evaluated, in a leave-one-out fashion, <span class="hlt">based</span> on 28 AD subjects and 23 age-matched healthy subjects. Our approach yielded pretty good classification results with 96.08% overall accuracy being achieved using the three foremost PCs. In addition, our approach yielded 96.43% specificity, 100% sensitivity, and 0.9891 area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ISPAr42.3.2167Y','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018ISPAr42.3.2167Y"><span>Water Leakage <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> in Metro Tunnels by Intergration of Laser Point Cloud and Infrared Thermal Imaging</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Yu, P.; Wu, H.; Liu, C.; Xu, Z.</p> <p>2018-04-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of water leakage in metro tunnels is of great significance to the metro tunnel construction and the safety of metro operation. A method that integrates laser scanning and infrared thermal imaging is proposed for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of water leakage. The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of water leakage in this paper is mainly divided into two parts: extraction of water leakage geometry information and extraction of water leakage attribute information. Firstly, the suspected water leakage is obtained by threshold segmentation <span class="hlt">based</span> on the point cloud of tunnel. And the real water leakage is obtained by the auxiliary interpretation of infrared thermal images. Then, the characteristic of isotherm outline is expressed by solving Centroid Distance Function to determine the type of water leakage. Similarly, the location of leakage silt and the direction of crack are calculated by finding coordinates of feature points on Centroid Distance Function. Finally, a metro tunnel part in Shanghai was selected as the case area to make experiment and the result shown that the proposed method in this paper can be used to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> water leakage disease completely and <span class="hlt">accurately</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5201139','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5201139"><span>Expert <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity from computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> image analysis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Campbell, J. Peter; Ataer-Cansizoglu, Esra; Bolon-Canedo, Veronica; Bozkurt, Alican; Erdogmus, Deniz; Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree; Patel, Samir N.; Reynolds, James D.; Horowitz, Jason; Hutcheson, Kelly; Shapiro, Michael; Repka, Michael X.; Ferrone, Phillip; Drenser, Kimberly; Martinez-Castellanos, Maria Ana; Ostmo, Susan; Jonas, Karyn; Chan, R.V. Paul; Chiang, Michael F.</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Importance Published definitions of “plus disease” in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) reference arterial tortuosity and venous dilation within the posterior pole <span class="hlt">based</span> on a standard published photograph. One possible explanation for limited inter-expert reliability for plus disease <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is that experts deviate from the published definitions. Objective To identify vascular features used by experts for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of plus disease through quantitative image analysis. Design We developed a computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> image analysis system (Imaging and Informatics in ROP, i-ROP), and trained the system to classify images compared to a reference standard <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (RSD). System performance was analyzed as a function of the field of view (circular crops 1–6 disc diameters [DD] radius) and vessel subtype (arteries only, veins only, or all vessels). The RSD was compared to the majority <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of experts. Setting Routine ROP screening in neonatal intensive care units at 8 academic institutions. Participants A set of 77 digital fundus images was used to develop the i-ROP system. A subset of 73 images was independently classified by 11 ROP experts for validation. Main Outcome Measures The primary outcome measure was the percentage accuracy of i-ROP system classification of plus disease with the RSD as a function of field-of-view and vessel type. Secondary outcome measures included the accuracy of the 11 experts compared to the RSD. Results Accuracy of plus disease <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by the i-ROP computer <span class="hlt">based</span> system was highest (95%, confidence interval [CI] 94 – 95%) when it incorporated vascular tortuosity from both arteries and veins, and with the widest field of view (6 disc diameter radius). Accuracy was ≤90% when using only arterial tortuosity (P<0.001), and ≤85% using a 2–3 disc diameter view similar to the standard published photograph (p<0.001). Diagnostic accuracy of the i-ROP system (95%) was comparable to that of 11 expert clinicians (79–99%). Conclusions and</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27077667','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27077667"><span>Expert <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Plus Disease in Retinopathy of Prematurity From Computer-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Image Analysis.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Campbell, J Peter; Ataer-Cansizoglu, Esra; Bolon-Canedo, Veronica; Bozkurt, Alican; Erdogmus, Deniz; Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree; Patel, Samir N; Reynolds, James D; Horowitz, Jason; Hutcheson, Kelly; Shapiro, Michael; Repka, Michael X; Ferrone, Phillip; Drenser, Kimberly; Martinez-Castellanos, Maria Ana; Ostmo, Susan; Jonas, Karyn; Chan, R V Paul; Chiang, Michael F</p> <p>2016-06-01</p> <p>Published definitions of plus disease in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) reference arterial tortuosity and venous dilation within the posterior pole <span class="hlt">based</span> on a standard published photograph. One possible explanation for limited interexpert reliability for a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of plus disease is that experts deviate from the published definitions. To identify vascular features used by experts for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of plus disease through quantitative image analysis. A computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> image analysis system (Imaging and Informatics in ROP [i-ROP]) was developed using a set of 77 digital fundus images, and the system was designed to classify images compared with a reference standard <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (RSD). System performance was analyzed as a function of the field of view (circular crops with a radius of 1-6 disc diameters) and vessel subtype (arteries only, veins only, or all vessels). Routine ROP screening was conducted from June 29, 2011, to October 14, 2014, in neonatal intensive care units at 8 academic institutions, with a subset of 73 images independently classified by 11 ROP experts for validation. The RSD was compared with the majority <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of experts. The primary outcome measure was the percentage of accuracy of the i-ROP system classification of plus disease, with the RSD as a function of the field of view and vessel type. Secondary outcome measures included the accuracy of the 11 experts compared with the RSD. Accuracy of plus disease <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by the i-ROP computer-<span class="hlt">based</span> system was highest (95%; 95% CI, 94%-95%) when it incorporated vascular tortuosity from both arteries and veins and with the widest field of view (6-disc diameter radius). Accuracy was 90% or less when using only arterial tortuosity and 85% or less using a 2- to 3-disc diameter view similar to the standard published photograph. Diagnostic accuracy of the i-ROP system (95%) was comparable to that of 11 expert physicians (mean 87%, range 79%-99%). Experts in ROP appear to consider findings from beyond the</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29267922','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29267922"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Zika Virus Infections: Challenges and Opportunities.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L</p> <p>2017-12-16</p> <p><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Zika virus (ZIKV) infections has become a pressing need for the effective prevention and control of the epidemic. The findings that ZIKV infections are associated with birth defects and neurologic disease, and that the virus can be sexually transmitted, accentuate the need for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnostic testing for different applications new to the arbovirus field. Antibody response to related flaviviruses has long been known to be cross-reactive, and antibody detection of ZIKV is nonspecific in populations previously exposed to any of the four dengue viruses or West Nile virus, or vaccinated against yellow fever virus. Therefore, the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of ZIKV infections has increasingly depended on detection by nucleic acid tests. During the recent epidemic, tests authorized for emergency use have been utilized by public health laboratories and the commercial sector, but a more dependable and responsive diagnostic testing has yet to be developed. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America 2017. This work is written by (a) US Government employee(s) and is in the public domain in the US.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20461391','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20461391"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of vulvovaginitis: comparison of clinical and microbiological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Esim Buyukbayrak, Esra; Kars, Bulent; Karsidag, Ayse Yasemin Karageyim; Karadeniz, Bernan Ilkay; Kaymaz, Ozge; Gencer, Serap; Pirimoglu, Zehra Meltem; Unal, Orhan; Turan, Mehmet Cem</p> <p>2010-11-01</p> <p>The purpose of the present study was to compare the current diagnostic clinical and laboratory approaches to women with vulvovaginal discharge complaint. The secondary outcomes were to determine the prevalence of infections in our setting and to look for the relation between vulvovaginal infections and predisposing factors if present. Premenopausal women applying to our gynecology outpatient clinic with vaginal discharge complaint were enrolled prospectively into the study. Each patient evaluated clinically with direct observation of vaginal secretions, wet mount examination, whiff test, vaginal pH testing and chlamydia rapid antigen test. Each patient also evaluated microbiologically with vaginal discharge culture and gram staining. Clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was compared with the microbiological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (the gold standard). Diagnostic accuracy was measured with sensitivity, specificity, positive (ppv) and negative predictive values (npv). 460 patients were included in the study. 89.8% of patients received a clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> whereas only 36% of them had microbiological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The sensitivity, specificity, ppv, npv of clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> over microbiological culture results were 95, 13, 38, 82%, respectively. The most commonly encountered microorganisms by culture were Candida species (17.4%) and Gardnerella vaginalis (10.2%). Clinically, the most commonly made diagnoses were mixed infection (34.1%), bacterial vaginosis (32.4%) and fungal infection (14.1%). Symptoms did not predict laboratory results. Predisposing factors (DM, vaginal douching practice, presence of IUD and usage of oral contraceptive pills) were not found to be statistically important influencing factors for vaginal infections. Clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on combining symptoms with office-<span class="hlt">based</span> testing improves diagnostic accuracy but is insufficient. The most effective approach also incorporates laboratory testing as an adjunct when a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is in question or treatment is failing.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_20");'>20</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li class="active"><span>22</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_22 --> <div id="page_23" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li class="active"><span>23</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="441"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29546505','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29546505"><span>An efficient model for auxiliary <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of hepatocellular carcinoma <span class="hlt">based</span> on gene expression programming.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zhang, Li; Chen, Jiasheng; Gao, Chunming; Liu, Chuanmiao; Xu, Kuihua</p> <p>2018-03-16</p> <p>Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of HCC is greatly helpful to achieve long-term disease-free survival. However, HCC is usually difficult to be diagnosed at an early stage. The aim of this study was to create the prediction model to diagnose HCC <span class="hlt">based</span> on gene expression programming (GEP). GEP is an evolutionary algorithm and a domain-independent problem-solving technique. Clinical data show that six serum biomarkers, including gamma-glutamyl transferase, C-reaction protein, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, carbohydrate antigen 153, and carbohydrate antigen 199, are related to HCC characteristics. In this study, the prediction of HCC was made <span class="hlt">based</span> on these six biomarkers (195 HCC patients and 215 non-HCC controls) by setting up optimal joint models with GEP. The GEP model discriminated 353 out of 410 subjects, representing a determination coefficient of 86.28% (283/328) and 85.37% (70/82) for training and test sets, respectively. Compared to the results from the support vector machine, the artificial neural network, and the multilayer perceptron, GEP showed a better outcome. The results suggested that GEP modeling was a promising and excellent tool in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of hepatocellular carcinoma, and it could be widely used in HCC auxiliary <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Graphical abstract The process to establish an efficient model for auxiliary <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of hepatocellular carcinoma.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5518499','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5518499"><span>Hybrid Disease <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Using Multiobjective Optimization with Evolutionary Parameter Optimization</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Nalluri, MadhuSudana Rao; K., Kannan; M., Manisha</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>With the widespread adoption of e-Healthcare and telemedicine applications, <span class="hlt">accurate</span>, intelligent disease <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> systems have been profoundly coveted. In recent years, numerous individual machine learning-<span class="hlt">based</span> classifiers have been proposed and tested, and the fact that a single classifier cannot effectively classify and diagnose all diseases has been almost accorded with. This has seen a number of recent research attempts to arrive at a consensus using ensemble classification techniques. In this paper, a hybrid system is proposed to diagnose ailments using optimizing individual classifier parameters for two classifier techniques, namely, support vector machine (SVM) and multilayer perceptron (MLP) technique. We employ three recent evolutionary algorithms to optimize the parameters of the classifiers above, leading to six alternative hybrid disease <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> systems, also referred to as hybrid intelligent systems (HISs). Multiple objectives, namely, prediction accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, have been considered to assess the efficacy of the proposed hybrid systems with existing ones. The proposed model is evaluated on 11 benchmark datasets, and the obtained results demonstrate that our proposed hybrid <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> systems perform better in terms of disease prediction accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. Pertinent statistical tests were carried out to substantiate the efficacy of the obtained results. PMID:29065626</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29684783','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29684783"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> segmenting of cervical tumors in PET imaging <span class="hlt">based</span> on similarity between adjacent slices.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Chen, Liyuan; Shen, Chenyang; Zhou, Zhiguo; Maquilan, Genevieve; Thomas, Kimberly; Folkert, Michael R; Albuquerque, Kevin; Wang, Jing</p> <p>2018-06-01</p> <p>Because in PET imaging cervical tumors are close to the bladder with high capacity for the secreted 18 FDG tracer, conventional intensity-<span class="hlt">based</span> segmentation methods often misclassify the bladder as a tumor. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on the observation that tumor position and area do not change dramatically from slice to slice, we propose a two-stage scheme that facilitates segmentation. In the first stage, we used a graph-cut <span class="hlt">based</span> algorithm to obtain initial contouring of the tumor <span class="hlt">based</span> on local similarity information between voxels; this was achieved through manual contouring of the cervical tumor on one slice. In the second stage, initial tumor contours were fine-tuned to more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> segmentation by incorporating similarity information on tumor shape and position among adjacent slices, according to an intensity-spatial-distance map. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed two-stage algorithm provides a more effective approach to segmenting cervical tumors in 3D 18 FDG PET images than the benchmarks used for comparison. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24890253','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24890253"><span>Rapid <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pyrazinamide-resistant multidrug-resistant tuberculosis using a molecular-<span class="hlt">based</span> diagnostic algorithm.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Simons, S O; van der Laan, T; Mulder, A; van Ingen, J; Rigouts, L; Dekhuijzen, P N R; Boeree, M J; van Soolingen, D</p> <p>2014-10-01</p> <p>There is an urgent need for rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pyrazinamide-resistant multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). No diagnostic algorithm has been validated in this population. We hypothesized that pncA sequencing added to rpoB mutation analysis can <span class="hlt">accurately</span> identify patients with pyrazinamide-resistant MDR-TB. We identified from the Dutch national database (2007-11) patients with a positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture containing a mutation in the rpoB gene. In these cases, we prospectively sequenced the pncA gene. Results from the rpoB and pncA mutation analysis (pncA added to rpoB) were compared with phenotypic susceptibility testing results to rifampicin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide (reference standard) using the Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube 960 system. We included 83 clinical M. tuberculosis isolates containing rpoB mutations in the primary analysis. Rifampicin resistance was seen in 72 isolates (87%), isoniazid resistance in 73 isolates (88%) and MDR-TB in 65 isolates (78%). Phenotypic reference testing identified pyrazinamide-resistant MDR-TB in 31 isolates (48%). Sensitivity of pncA sequencing added to rpoB mutation analysis for detecting pyrazinamide-resistant MDR-TB was 96.8%, the specificity was 94.2%, the positive predictive value was 90.9%, the negative predictive value was 98.0%, the positive likelihood was 16.8 and the negative likelihood was 0.03. In conclusion, pyrazinamide-resistant MDR-TB can be <span class="hlt">accurately</span> detected using pncA sequencing added to rpoB mutation analysis. We propose to include pncA sequencing in every isolate with an rpoB mutation, allowing for stratification of MDR-TB treatment according to pyrazinamide susceptibility. © 2014 The Authors Clinical Microbiology and Infection © 2014 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487817','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22487817"><span>[Rapid prenatal genetic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of a fetus with a high risk for Morquio A syndrome].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Guo, Yi-bin; Ai, Yang; Zhao, Yan; Tang, Jia; Jiang, Wei-ying; Du, Min-lian; Ma, Hua-mei; Zhong, Yan-fang</p> <p>2012-04-01</p> <p>To provide rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> prenatal genetic <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for a fetus with high risk of Morquio A syndrome. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on ascertained etiology of the proband and genotypes of the parents, particular mutations of the GALNS gene were screened at 10th gestational week with amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS), denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and direct DNA sequencing. DHPLC screening has identified abnormal double peaks in the PCR products of exons 1 and 10, whilst only a single peak was detected in normal controls. Amplification of ARMS specific primers derived a specific product for the fetus's gene, whilst no similar product was detected in normal controls. Sequencing of PCR products confirmed that exons 1 and 10 of the GALNS gene from the fetus contained a heterozygous paternal c.106-111 del (p.L36-L37 del) deletion and a heterozygous maternal c.1097 T>C (p.L366P) missense mutation, which resulted in a compound heterozygote status. The fetus was diagnosed with Morquio A syndrome and a genotype similar to the proband. Termination of the pregnancy was recommended. Combined ARMS, DHPLC and DNA sequencing are effective for rapid and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> prenatal <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> for fetus with a high risk for Morquio A syndrome. Such methods are particularly suitable for early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> when pathogenesis is clear. Furthermore, combined ARMS and DHPLC are suitable for rapid processing of large numbers of samples for the identification of new mutations.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3977222','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3977222"><span>Inadequate Diagnostic Evaluation in Young Patients Registered with a <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Dementia: A Nationwide Register-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Study</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Salem, Lise Cronberg; Andersen, Birgitte Bo; Nielsen, T. Rune; Stokholm, Jette; Jørgensen, Martin Balslev; Waldemar, Gunhild</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Background Establishing a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dementia in young patients may be complex and have significant implications for the patient. The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality of the diagnostic work-up in young patients diagnosed with dementia in the clinical routine. Methods Two hundred patients were randomly selected from 891 patients aged ≤65 years registered with a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dementia for the first time in 2008 in Danish hospitals, and 159 medical records were available for review. Three raters evaluated their medical records for the completeness of the diagnostic work-up on which the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dementia had been <span class="hlt">based</span>, using evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> guidelines for the diagnostic evaluation of dementia as reference standards. Results According to the rater review, only 111 (70%) patients met the clinical criteria for dementia. An acceptable diagnostic work-up including all items of recommended basic diagnostic evaluation was performed in only 24%, although more often (28%) in the subgroup of patients where dementia was confirmed by raters. Conclusion This first nationwide study of unselected young patients registered with a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dementia indicated that the concept of dementia may be misinterpreted by clinicians and that a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dementia in the young is only rarely <span class="hlt">based</span> on a complete basic diagnostic work-up, calling for increased competency. PMID:24711812</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25090417','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25090417"><span>A novel <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> method for a Hall plates-<span class="hlt">based</span> rotary encoder with a magnetic concentrator.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Meng, Bumin; Wang, Yaonan; Sun, Wei; Yuan, Xiaofang</p> <p>2014-07-31</p> <p>In the last few years, rotary encoders <span class="hlt">based</span> on two-dimensional complementary metal oxide semiconductors (CMOS) Hall plates with a magnetic concentrator have been developed to measure contactless absolute angle. There are various error factors influencing the measuring accuracy, which are difficult to locate after the assembly of encoder. In this paper, a model-<span class="hlt">based</span> rapid <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> method is presented. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on an analysis of the error mechanism, an error model is built to compare minimum residual angle error and to quantify the error factors. Additionally, a modified particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to reduce the calculated amount. The simulation and experimental results show that this <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> method is feasible to quantify the causes of the error and to reduce iteration significantly.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014SPIE.9239E..1GT','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014SPIE.9239E..1GT"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> crop classification using hierarchical genetic fuzzy rule-<span class="hlt">based</span> systems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Topaloglou, Charalampos A.; Mylonas, Stelios K.; Stavrakoudis, Dimitris G.; Mastorocostas, Paris A.; Theocharis, John B.</p> <p>2014-10-01</p> <p>This paper investigates the effectiveness of an advanced classification system for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> crop classification using very high resolution (VHR) satellite imagery. Specifically, a recently proposed genetic fuzzy rule-<span class="hlt">based</span> classification system (GFRBCS) is employed, namely, the Hierarchical Rule-<span class="hlt">based</span> Linguistic Classifier (HiRLiC). HiRLiC's model comprises a small set of simple IF-THEN fuzzy rules, easily interpretable by humans. One of its most important attributes is that its learning algorithm requires minimum user interaction, since the most important learning parameters affecting the classification accuracy are determined by the learning algorithm automatically. HiRLiC is applied in a challenging crop classification task, using a SPOT5 satellite image over an intensively cultivated area in a lake-wetland ecosystem in northern Greece. A rich set of higher-order spectral and textural features is derived from the initial bands of the (pan-sharpened) image, resulting in an input space comprising 119 features. The experimental analysis proves that HiRLiC compares favorably to other interpretable classifiers of the literature, both in terms of structural complexity and classification accuracy. Its testing accuracy was very close to that obtained by complex state-of-the-art classification systems, such as the support vector machines (SVM) and random forest (RF) classifiers. Nevertheless, visual inspection of the derived classification maps shows that HiRLiC is characterized by higher generalization properties, providing more homogeneous classifications that the competitors. Moreover, the runtime requirements for producing the thematic map was orders of magnitude lower than the respective for the competitors.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5234748','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5234748"><span>Technical advances in flow cytometry-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and monitoring of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Correia, Rodolfo Patussi; Bento, Laiz Cameirão; Bortolucci, Ana Carolina Apelle; Alexandre, Anderson Marega; Vaz, Andressa da Costa; Schimidell, Daniela; Pedro, Eduardo de Carvalho; Perin, Fabricio Simões; Nozawa, Sonia Tsukasa; Mendes, Cláudio Ernesto Albers; Barroso, Rodrigo de Souza; Bacal, Nydia Strachman</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>ABSTRACT Objective: To discuss the implementation of technical advances in laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and monitoring of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria for validation of high-sensitivity flow cytometry protocols. Methods: A retrospective study <span class="hlt">based</span> on analysis of laboratory data from 745 patient samples submitted to flow cytometry for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and/or monitoring of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria. Results: Implementation of technical advances reduced test costs and improved flow cytometry resolution for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clone detection. Conclusion: High-sensitivity flow cytometry allowed more sensitive determination of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria clone type and size, particularly in samples with small clones. PMID:27759825</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7863839','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7863839"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> localization of organ representation areas on the feet & hands using the bi-digital O-ring test resonance phenomenon: its clinical implication in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> & treatment--Part I.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Omura, Y</p> <p>1994-01-01</p> <p>Accuracy of the widely used organ representation areas, currently used in different schools of foot and hand reflexology was evaluated using Bi-Digital O-Ring test resonance phenomenon. Our previous study indicated that mapping organ representation areas of the tongue using Bi-Digital O-Ring Test resonance phenomenon between 2 identical substances often provided more reliable clinical information for both <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment than the 2 widely used, but crude, traditional schools of Chinese tongue <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. This same method was applied for the mapping of the organ representation areas on the feet and hands. We succeeded in mapping the following areas on human feet: 1) Middle (3rd) toe on the sole side represents the following starting from the tip: A) Head, B) Face with eye, ear, nose, and mouth (1st Digit) C) Neck and organs within the neck (narrow band of space between 1st crease after the 1st digit and crease at the junction of the beginning of the sole); 2) 2nd and 4th toe represent upper extremities, the beginning tip being fingers and hands. The crease at the <span class="hlt">base</span> of these toes represents the shoulder. The 2nd toe represents right upper extremity, and the 4th toe represents left upper extremity; 3) 1st and 5th toes in both the right and left feet represent lower extremities with the tip being the toes and soles of feet. The crease at the <span class="hlt">base</span> of these toes represents the inguinal area. The 1st toe of each foot represents right lower extremity, and 5th toe represents left lower extremity. The sole of the foot is divided into the following 3 distinctive sections. 1) Upper (1st) section represents organs in the chest cavity including 2 thymus glands, trachea, 2 lungs, with the heart between them, and with the esophagus appearing as a narrow band outside of the lung near and below the 1st and 2nd toe depending upon the individual. Chest section occupies the first 1/3 to 1/5 (on a relatively long foot) of the entire sole. The boundary between the chest and G</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20351537','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20351537"><span>Utilizing DMAIC six sigma and evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> medicine to streamline <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in chest pain.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Kumar, Sameer; Thomas, Kory M</p> <p>2010-01-01</p> <p>The purpose of this study was to quantify the difference between the current process flow model for a typical patient workup for chest pain and development of a new process flow model that incorporates DMAIC (define, measure, analyze, improve, control) Six Sigma and evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> medicine in a best practices model for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment. The first stage, DMAIC Six Sigma, is used to highlight areas of variability and unnecessary tests in the current process flow for a patient presenting to the emergency department or physician's clinic with chest pain (also known as angina). The next stage, patient process flow, utilizes DMAIC results in the development of a simulated model that represents real-world variability in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment of a patient presenting with angina. The third and final stage is used to analyze the evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> output and quantify the factors that drive physician <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy and treatment, as well as review the potential for a broad national evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> database. Because of the collective expertise captured within the computer-oriented evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> model, the study has introduced an innovative approach to health care delivery by bringing expert-level care to any physician triaging a patient for chest pain anywhere in the world. Similar models can be created for other ailments as well, such as headache, gastrointestinal upset, and back pain. This updated way of looking at diagnosing patients stemming from an evidence-<span class="hlt">based</span> best practice decision support model may improve workflow processes and cost savings across the health care continuum.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27865432','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27865432"><span>A hybrid fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> approach <span class="hlt">based</span> on mixed-domain state features for rotating machinery.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Xue, Xiaoming; Zhou, Jianzhong</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>To make further improvement in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> accuracy and efficiency, a mixed-domain state features data <span class="hlt">based</span> hybrid fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> approach, which systematically blends both the statistical analysis approach and the artificial intelligence technology, is proposed in this work for rolling element bearings. For simplifying the fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> problems, the execution of the proposed method is divided into three steps, i.e., fault preliminary detection, fault type recognition and fault degree identification. In the first step, a preliminary judgment about the health status of the equipment can be evaluated by the statistical analysis method <span class="hlt">based</span> on the permutation entropy theory. If fault exists, the following two processes <span class="hlt">based</span> on the artificial intelligence approach are performed to further recognize the fault type and then identify the fault degree. For the two subsequent steps, mixed-domain state features containing time-domain, frequency-domain and multi-scale features are extracted to represent the fault peculiarity under different working conditions. As a powerful time-frequency analysis method, the fast EEMD method was employed to obtain multi-scale features. Furthermore, due to the information redundancy and the submergence of original feature space, a novel manifold learning method (modified LGPCA) is introduced to realize the low-dimensional representations for high-dimensional feature space. Finally, two cases with 12 working conditions respectively have been employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method, where vibration signals were measured from an experimental bench of rolling element bearing. The analysis results showed the effectiveness and the superiority of the proposed method of which the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> thought is more suitable for practical application. Copyright © 2016 ISA. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3389756','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3389756"><span>Towards fast and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> temperature mapping with proton resonance frequency-<span class="hlt">based</span> MR thermometry</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Yuan, Jing; Mei, Chang-Sheng; Panych, Lawrence P.; McDannold, Nathan J.; Madore, Bruno</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>The capability to image temperature is a very attractive feature of MRI and has been actively exploited for guiding minimally-invasive thermal therapies. Among many MR-<span class="hlt">based</span> temperature-sensitive approaches, proton resonance frequency (PRF) thermometry provides the advantage of excellent linearity of signal with temperature over a large temperature range. Furthermore, the PRF shift has been shown to be fairly independent of tissue type and thermal history. For these reasons, PRF method has evolved into the most widely used MR-<span class="hlt">based</span> thermometry method. In the present paper, the basic principles of PRF-<span class="hlt">based</span> temperature mapping will be reviewed, along with associated pulse sequence designs. Technical advancements aimed at increasing the imaging speed and/or temperature accuracy of PRF-<span class="hlt">based</span> thermometry sequences, such as image acceleration, fat suppression, reduced field-of-view imaging, as well as motion tracking and correction, will be discussed. The development of <span class="hlt">accurate</span> MR thermometry methods applicable to moving organs with non-negligible fat content represents a very challenging goal, but recent developments suggest that this goal may be achieved. If so, MR-guided thermal therapies may be expected to play an increasingly-important therapeutic and palliative role, as a minimally-invasive alternative to surgery. PMID:22773966</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28605073','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28605073"><span>Antibody-Mimetic Peptoid Nanosheet for Label-Free Serum-<span class="hlt">Based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Alzheimer's Disease.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zhu, Ling; Zhao, Zijian; Cheng, Peng; He, Zhaohui; Cheng, Zhiqiang; Peng, Jiaxi; Wang, Huayi; Wang, Chen; Yang, Yanlian; Hu, Zhiyuan</p> <p>2017-08-01</p> <p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia characterized by progressive cognitive decline. Current <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of AD is <span class="hlt">based</span> on symptoms, neuropsychological tests, and neuroimaging, and is usually evident years after the pathological process. Early assessment at the preclinical or prodromal stage is in a great demand since treatment after the onset can hardly stop or reverse the disease progress. However, early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of AD is challenging due to the lack of reliable noninvasive approaches. Here, an antibody-mimetic self-assembling peptoid nanosheet containing surface-exposed Aβ42-recognizing loops is constructed, and a label-free sensor for the detection of AD serum is developed. The loop-displaying peptoid nanosheet is demonstrated to have high affinity to serum Aβ42, and to be able to identify AD sera with high sensitivity. The dense distribution of molecular recognition loops on the robust peptoid nanosheet scaffold not only mimics the architecture of antibodies, but also reduces the nonspecific binding in detecting multicomponent samples. This antibody-mimetic 2D material holds great potential toward the blood-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of AD, and meanwhile provides novel insights into the antibody alternative engineering and the universal application in biological and chemical sensors. © 2017 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23071544','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23071544"><span>A mathematical framework for combining decisions of multiple experts toward <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and remote <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of malaria using tele-microscopy.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Mavandadi, Sam; Feng, Steve; Yu, Frank; Dimitrov, Stoyan; Nielsen-Saines, Karin; Prescott, William R; Ozcan, Aydogan</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>We propose a methodology for digitally fusing diagnostic decisions made by multiple medical experts in order to improve accuracy of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Toward this goal, we report an experimental study involving nine experts, where each one was given more than 8,000 digital microscopic images of individual human red blood cells and asked to identify malaria infected cells. The results of this experiment reveal that even highly trained medical experts are not always self-consistent in their diagnostic decisions and that there exists a fair level of disagreement among experts, even for binary decisions (i.e., infected vs. uninfected). To tackle this general medical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> problem, we propose a probabilistic algorithm to fuse the decisions made by trained medical experts to robustly achieve higher levels of accuracy when compared to individual experts making such decisions. By modelling the decisions of experts as a three component mixture model and solving for the underlying parameters using the Expectation Maximisation algorithm, we demonstrate the efficacy of our approach which significantly improves the overall diagnostic accuracy of malaria infected cells. Additionally, we present a mathematical framework for performing 'slide-level' <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by using individual 'cell-level' <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> data, shedding more light on the statistical rules that should govern the routine practice in examination of e.g., thin blood smear samples. This framework could be generalized for various other tele-pathology needs, and can be used by trained experts within an efficient tele-medicine platform.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3368163','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3368163"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Fanconi Anemia: Chromosomal Breakage Analysis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Oostra, Anneke B.; Nieuwint, Aggie W. M.; Joenje, Hans; de Winter, Johan P.</p> <p>2012-01-01</p> <p>Fanconi anemia (FA) is a rare inherited syndrome with diverse clinical symptoms including developmental defects, short stature, bone marrow failure, and a high risk of malignancies. Fifteen genetic subtypes have been distinguished so far. The mode of inheritance for all subtypes is autosomal recessive, except for FA-B, which is X-linked. Cells derived from FA patients are—by definition—hypersensitive to DNA cross-linking agents, such as mitomycin C, diepoxybutane, or cisplatinum, which becomes manifest as excessive growth inhibition, cell cycle arrest, and chromosomal breakage upon cellular exposure to these drugs. Here we provide a detailed laboratory protocol for the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> assessment of the FA <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> as <span class="hlt">based</span> on mitomycin C-induced chromosomal breakage analysis in whole-blood cultures. The method also enables a quantitative estimate of the degree of mosaicism in the lymphocyte compartment of the patient. PMID:22693659</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26567734','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26567734"><span>Combining Feature Extraction Methods to Assist the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Alzheimer's Disease.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Segovia, F; Górriz, J M; Ramírez, J; Phillips, C</p> <p>2016-01-01</p> <p>Neuroimaging data as (18)F-FDG PET is widely used to assist the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Looking for regions with hypoperfusion/ hypometabolism, clinicians may predict or corroborate the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the patients. Modern computer aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (CAD) systems <span class="hlt">based</span> on the statistical analysis of whole neuroimages are more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> than classical systems <span class="hlt">based</span> on quantifying the uptake of some predefined regions of interests (ROIs). In addition, these new systems allow determining new ROIs and take advantage of the huge amount of information comprised in neuroimaging data. A major branch of modern CAD systems for AD is <span class="hlt">based</span> on multivariate techniques, which analyse a neuroimage as a whole, considering not only the voxel intensities but also the relations among them. In order to deal with the vast dimensionality of the data, a number of feature extraction methods have been successfully applied. In this work, we propose a CAD system <span class="hlt">based</span> on the combination of several feature extraction techniques. First, some commonly used feature extraction methods <span class="hlt">based</span> on the analysis of the variance (as principal component analysis), on the factorization of the data (as non-negative matrix factorization) and on classical magnitudes (as Haralick features) were simultaneously applied to the original data. These feature sets were then combined by means of two different combination approaches: i) using a single classifier and a multiple kernel learning approach and ii) using an ensemble of classifier and selecting the final decision by majority voting. The proposed approach was evaluated using a labelled neuroimaging database along with a cross validation scheme. As conclusion, the proposed CAD system performed better than approaches using only one feature extraction technique. We also provide a fair comparison (using the same database) of the selected feature extraction methods.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24723842','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24723842"><span>An expert fitness <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system <span class="hlt">based</span> on elastic cloud computing.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Tseng, Kevin C; Wu, Chia-Chuan</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>This paper presents an expert <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> system <span class="hlt">based</span> on cloud computing. It classifies a user's fitness level <span class="hlt">based</span> on supervised machine learning techniques. This system is able to learn and make customized diagnoses according to the user's physiological data, such as age, gender, and body mass index (BMI). In addition, an elastic algorithm <span class="hlt">based</span> on Poisson distribution is presented to allocate computation resources dynamically. It predicts the required resources in the future according to the exponential moving average of past observations. The experimental results show that Naïve Bayes is the best classifier with the highest accuracy (90.8%) and that the elastic algorithm is able to capture tightly the trend of requests generated from the Internet and thus assign corresponding computation resources to ensure the quality of service.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25608462','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25608462"><span>The role of general practice in routes to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of lung cancer in Denmark: a population-<span class="hlt">based</span> study of general practice involvement, diagnostic activity and diagnostic intervals.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Guldbrandt, Louise Mahncke; Fenger-Grøn, Morten; Rasmussen, Torben Riis; Jensen, Henry; Vedsted, Peter</p> <p>2015-01-22</p> <p>Lung cancer stage at <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> predicts possible curative treatment. In Denmark and the UK, lung cancer patients have lower survival rates than citizens in most other European countries, which may partly be explained by a comparatively longer diagnostic interval in these two countries. In Denmark, a pathway was introduced in 2008 allowing general practitioners (GPs) to refer patients suspected of having lung cancer directly to fast-track diagnostics. However, symptom presentation of lung cancer in general practice is known to be diverse and complex, and systematic knowledge of the routes to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is needed to enable earlier lung cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in Denmark. This study aims to describe the routes to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, the diagnostic activity preceding <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and the diagnostic intervals for lung cancer in the Danish setting. We conducted a national registry-<span class="hlt">based</span> cohort study on 971 consecutive incident lung cancer patients in 2010 using data from national registries and GP questionnaires. GPs were involved in 68.3% of cancer patients' diagnostic pathways, and 27.4% of lung cancer patients were referred from the GP to fast-track diagnostic work-up. A minimum of one X-ray was performed in 85.6% of all cases before <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Patients referred through a fast-track route more often had diagnostic X-rays (66.0%) than patients who did not go through fast-track (49.4%). Overall, 33.6% of all patients had two or more X-rays performed during the 90 days before <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Patients whose symptoms were interpreted as non-alarm symptoms or who were not referred to fast-track were more likely to experience a long diagnostic interval than patients whose symptoms were interpreted as alarm symptoms or who were referred to fast-track. Lung cancer patients followed several diagnostic pathways. The existing fast-track pathway must be supplemented to ensure earlier detection of lung cancer. The high incidence of multiple X-rays warrants a continued effort to develop more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> lung</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19930057681&hterms=contact+angle&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D10%26Ntt%3Dcontact%2Bangle','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19930057681&hterms=contact+angle&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D10%26Ntt%3Dcontact%2Bangle"><span>On <span class="hlt">accurate</span> determination of contact angle</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Concus, P.; Finn, R.</p> <p>1992-01-01</p> <p>Methods are proposed that exploit a microgravity environment to obtain highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> measurement of contact angle. These methods, which are <span class="hlt">based</span> on our earlier mathematical results, do not require detailed measurement of a liquid free-surface, as they incorporate discontinuous or nearly-discontinuous behavior of the liquid bulk in certain container geometries. Physical testing is planned in the forthcoming IML-2 space flight and in related preparatory ground-<span class="hlt">based</span> experiments.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li class="active"><span>23</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_23 --> <div id="page_24" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li class="active"><span>24</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="461"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16433157','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16433157"><span>Comparison of clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and microbiological test results in vaginal infections.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Karaca, M; Bayram, A; Kocoglu, M E; Gocmen, A; Eksi, F</p> <p>2005-01-01</p> <p>Lower genital tract infections continue to be a problem due to the fact that the clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is usually inadequate, and subsequent care is suboptimal. This study aimed at evaluating the accuracy of clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> by comparing it with microbiologic test results, and to determine the causative agents of vaginal infections. Sixty-seven nonpregnant women (18-45 years of age) with the clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of lower genital tract infection were enrolled in the study. Patients were not included if they had a history of vaginal infection during the previous three-month period or intrauterine device. The clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was <span class="hlt">based</span> on the combinations of symptoms, direct observation of wet mount, homogeneous discharge, vaginal pH > 4.5, and detection of the amine odor after exposure of vaginal secretions to 10% KOH. Vaginal samples were taken with two cotton swabs, one was used for pH determination, and the second was utilized for microbiological tests. Gram staining and cultures with Sabouraud agar and chocolate agar were performed for microbiological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and the results were compared. The clinical diagnoses included 26 (38.8%) candidiasis, 18 (26.8%) bacterial vaginosis, three (4.5%) trichomoniasis, and 20 (29.9%) mixed vaginal infections. Of the 26 patients with clinical diagnoses of candidiasis, 12 (46.1%) revealed Candiada albicans, nine (34.6) patients revealed microorganisms other than candida species, and five (19.2%) patients had no growth. Five (27.8%) bacterial vaginosis patients revealed Gardnarella vaginalis and 12 patients (66.6%) did not grow any microorganism. The overall rate of <span class="hlt">accurate</span> clinical diagnoses confirmed by microbiological test results was 43.2%. Seventeen (43.6) of the 39 microbiological test results correlated with clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and no growth was observed in 28 (41.8%) cultures. We conclude that the clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of vaginal infection is inadequate and should be confirmed with microbiological testing if the resources</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20164018','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20164018"><span>AI (artificial intelligence) in histopathology--from image analysis to automated <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Kayser, Klaus; Görtler, Jürgen; Bogovac, Milica; Bogovac, Aleksandar; Goldmann, Torsten; Vollmer, Ekkehard; Kayser, Gian</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p> education in anatomy and pathology. First attempts to introduce them into routine work have been reported. Application of AI has been established by automated immunohistochemical measurement systems (EAMUS, www.diagnomX.eu). The performance of automated <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> has been reported for a broad variety of organs at sensitivity and specificity levels >85%). The implementation of a complete connected AI supported system is in its childhood. Application of AI in digital tissue--<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> will allow the pathologists to work as supervisors and no longer as primary "water carriers". Its <span class="hlt">accurate</span> use will give them the time needed to concentrating on difficult cases for the benefit of their patients.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MSSP...97..112A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017MSSP...97..112A"><span>Feedback on the Surveillance 8 challenge: Vibration-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of a Safran aircraft engine</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Antoni, Jérôme; Griffaton, Julien; André, Hugo; Avendaño-Valencia, Luis David; Bonnardot, Frédéric; Cardona-Morales, Oscar; Castellanos-Dominguez, German; Daga, Alessandro Paolo; Leclère, Quentin; Vicuña, Cristián Molina; Acuña, David Quezada; Ompusunggu, Agusmian Partogi; Sierra-Alonso, Edgar F.</p> <p>2017-12-01</p> <p>This paper presents the content and outcomes of the Safran contest organized during the International Conference Surveillance 8, October 20-21, 2015, at the Roanne Institute of Technology, France. The contest dealt with the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of a civil aircraft engine <span class="hlt">based</span> on vibration data measured in a transient operating mode and provided by Safran. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on two independent exercises, the contest offered the possibility to benchmark current diagnostic methods on real data supplemented with several challenges. Outcomes of seven competing teams are reported and discussed. The object of the paper is twofold. It first aims at giving a picture of the current state-of-the-art in vibration-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of rolling-element bearings in nonstationary operating conditions. Second, it aims at providing the scientific community with a benchmark and some baseline solutions. In this respect, the data used in the contest are made available as supplementary material.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20170001319','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20170001319"><span>Near Real-Time Probabilistic Damage <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> Using Surrogate Modeling and High Performance Computing</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Warner, James E.; Zubair, Mohammad; Ranjan, Desh</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>This work investigates novel approaches to probabilistic damage <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> that utilize surrogate modeling and high performance computing (HPC) to achieve substantial computational speedup. Motivated by Digital Twin, a structural health management (SHM) paradigm that integrates vehicle-specific characteristics with continual in-situ damage <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and prognosis, the methods studied herein yield near real-time damage assessments that could enable monitoring of a vehicle's health while it is operating (i.e. online SHM). High-fidelity modeling and uncertainty quantification (UQ), both critical to Digital Twin, are incorporated using finite element method simulations and Bayesian inference, respectively. The crux of the proposed Bayesian <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> methods, however, is the reformulation of the numerical sampling algorithms (e.g. Markov chain Monte Carlo) used to generate the resulting probabilistic damage estimates. To this end, three distinct methods are demonstrated for rapid sampling that utilize surrogate modeling and exploit various degrees of parallelism for leveraging HPC. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the methods are compared on the problem of strain-<span class="hlt">based</span> crack identification in thin plates. While each approach has inherent problem-specific strengths and weaknesses, all approaches are shown to provide <span class="hlt">accurate</span> probabilistic damage diagnoses and several orders of magnitude computational speedup relative to a baseline Bayesian <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> implementation.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018SPIE10489E..0JK','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018SPIE10489E..0JK"><span>Novel fiber optic-<span class="hlt">based</span> needle redox imager for cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Kanniyappan, Udayakumar; Xu, He N.; Tang, Qinggong; Gaitan, Brandon; Liu, Yi; Li, Lin Z.; Chen, Yu</p> <p>2018-02-01</p> <p>Despite various technological advancements in cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, the mortality rates were not decreased significantly. We aim to develop a novel optical imaging tool to assist cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> effectively. Fluorescence spectroscopy/imaging is a fast, rapid, and minimally invasive technique which has been successfully applied to diagnosing cancerous cells/tissues. Recently, the ratiometric imaging of intrinsic fluorescence of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD), as pioneered by Britton Chance and the co-workers in 1950-70's, has gained much attention to quantify the physiological parameters of living cells/tissues. The redox ratio, i.e., FAD/(FAD+NADH) or FAD/NADH, has been shown to be sensitive to various metabolic changes in in vivo and in vitro cells/tissues. Optical redox imaging has also been investigated for providing potential imaging biomarkers for cancer transformation, aggressiveness, and treatment response. Towards this goal, we have designed and developed a novel fiberoptic-<span class="hlt">based</span> needle redox imager (NRI) that can fit into an 11G clinical coaxial biopsy needle for real time imaging during clinical cancer surgery. In the present study, the device is calibrated with tissue mimicking phantoms of FAD and NADH along with various technical parameters such as sensitivity, dynamic range, linearity, and spatial resolution of the system. We also conducted preliminary imaging of tissues ex vivo for validation. We plan to test the NRI on clinical breast cancer patients. Once validated this device may provide an effective tool for clinical cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20040081136','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="http://hdl.handle.net/2060/20040081136"><span>Explanation Constraint Programming for Model-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Engineered Systems</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Narasimhan, Sriram; Brownston, Lee; Burrows, Daniel</p> <p>2004-01-01</p> <p>We can expect to see an increase in the deployment of unmanned air and land vehicles for autonomous exploration of space. In order to maintain autonomous control of such systems, it is essential to track the current state of the system. When the system includes safety-critical components, failures or faults in the system must be diagnosed as quickly as possible, and their effects compensated for so that control and safety are maintained under a variety of fault conditions. The Livingstone fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and recovery kernel and its temporal extension L2 are examples of model-<span class="hlt">based</span> reasoning engines for health management. Livingstone has been shown to be effective, it is in demand, and it is being further developed. It was part of the successful Remote Agent demonstration on Deep Space One in 1999. It has been and is being utilized by several projects involving groups from various NASA centers, including the In Situ Propellant Production (ISPP) simulation at Kennedy Space Center, the X-34 and X-37 experimental reusable launch vehicle missions, Techsat-21, and advanced life support projects. Model-<span class="hlt">based</span> and consistency-<span class="hlt">based</span> diagnostic systems like Livingstone work only with discrete and finite domain models. When quantitative and continuous behaviors are involved, these are abstracted to discrete form using some mapping. This mapping from the quantitative domain to the qualitative domain is sometimes very involved and requires the design of highly sophisticated and complex monitors. We propose a diagnostic methodology that deals directly with quantitative models and behaviors, thereby mitigating the need for these sophisticated mappings. Our work brings together ideas from model-<span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> systems like Livingstone and concurrent constraint programming concepts. The system uses explanations derived from the propagation of quantitative constraints to generate conflicts. Fast conflict generation algorithms are used to generate and maintain multiple candidates</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3881659','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3881659"><span>The Usefulness of Clinical-Practice-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Laboratory Data in Facilitating the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Dengue Illness</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Liu, Jien-Wei; Lee, Ing-Kit; Wang, Lin; Chen, Rong-Fu; Yang, Kuender D.</p> <p>2013-01-01</p> <p>Alertness to dengue and making a timely <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is extremely important in the treatment of dengue and containment of dengue epidemics. We evaluated the complementary role of clinical-practice-<span class="hlt">based</span> laboratory data in facilitating suspicion/<span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dengue. One hundred overall dengue (57 dengue fever [DF] and 43 dengue hemorrhagic fever [DHF]) cases and another 100 nondengue cases (78 viral infections other than dengue, 6 bacterial sepsis, and 16 miscellaneous diseases) were analyzed. We separately compared individual laboratory variables (platelet count [PC] , prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thromboplastin time [APTT], alanine aminotransferase [ALT], and aspartate aminotransferase [AST]) and varied combined variables of DF and/or DHF cases with the corresponding ones of nondengue cases. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of DF and/or DHF were measured <span class="hlt">based</span> on these laboratory variables. While trade-off between sensitivity and specificity, and/or suboptimal PPV/NPV was found at measurements using these variables, prolonged APTT + normal PT + PC < 100 × 109 cells/L had a favorable sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of DF and/or DHF. In conclusion, these data suggested that prolonged APTT + normal PT + PC < 100 × 109 cells/L is useful in evaluating the likelihood of DF and/or DHF. PMID:24455678</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19359935','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19359935"><span>Speaking the same language: underestimating financial impact when using <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>-related group versus ICD-9-<span class="hlt">based</span> definitions for trauma inclusion criteria.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Deppe, Sharon; Truax, Christopher B; Opalek, Judy M; Santanello, Steven A</p> <p>2009-04-01</p> <p>Hospital accounting methods use <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>-related group (DRG) data to identify patients and derive financial analyses and reports. The National Trauma Data Bank and trauma programs identify patients with trauma by International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Edition (ICD-9)-<span class="hlt">based</span> definitions for inclusion criteria. These differing methods of identifying patients result in economic reports that vary significantly and fail to <span class="hlt">accurately</span> identify the financial impact of trauma services. Routine financial data were collected for patients admitted to our Trauma Service from July 1, 2005 to June 30, 2006 using two methods of identifying the cases; by trauma DRGs and by trauma registry database inclusion criteria. The resulting data were compared and stratified to define the financial impact on hospital charges, reimbursement, costs, contribution to margin, downstream revenue, and estimated profit or loss. The results also defined the impact on supporting services, market share and total revenue from trauma admissions, return visits, discharged trauma alerts, and consultations. A total of 3,070 patients were identified by the trauma registry as meeting ICD-9 inclusion criteria. Trauma-associated DRGs accounted for 871 of the 3,070 admissions. The DRG-driven data set demonstrated an estimated profit of $800,000 dollars; the ICD-9 data set revealed an estimated 4.8 million dollar profit, increased our market share, and showed substantial revenue generated for other hospital service lines. Trauma DRGs fail to account for most trauma admissions. Financial data derived from DRG definitions significantly underestimate the trauma service line's financial contribution to hospital economics. <span class="hlt">Accurately</span> identifying patients with trauma <span class="hlt">based</span> on trauma database inclusion criteria better defines the business of trauma.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3964170','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3964170"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and management of neurotrophic keratitis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Sacchetti, Marta; Lambiase, Alessandro</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Neurotrophic keratitis (NK) is a degenerative disease characterized by corneal sensitivity reduction, spontaneous epithelium breakdown, and impairment of corneal healing. Several causes of NK, including herpetic keratitis, diabetes, and ophthalmic and neurosurgical procedures, share the common mechanism of trigeminal damage. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of NK requires <span class="hlt">accurate</span> investigation of clinical ocular and systemic history, complete eye examination, and assessment of corneal sensitivity. All diagnostic procedures to achieve correct <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and classification of NK, including additional examinations such as in vivo confocal microscopy, are reviewed. NK can be classified according to severity of corneal damage, ie, epithelial alterations (stage 1), persistent epithelial defect (stage 2), and corneal ulcer (stage 3). Management of NK should be <span class="hlt">based</span> on clinical severity, and aimed at promoting corneal healing and preventing progression of the disease to stromal melting and perforation. Concomitant ocular diseases, such as exposure keratitis, dry eye, and limbal stem cell deficiency, negatively influence the outcome of NK and should be treated. Currently, no specific medical treatment exists, and surgical approaches, such as amniotic membrane transplantation and conjunctival flap, are effective in preserving eye integrity, without ameliorating corneal sensitivity or visual function. This review describes experimental and clinical reports showing several novel and potential therapies for NK, including growth factors and metalloprotease inhibitors, as well as three ongoing Phase II clinical trials. PMID:24672223</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21149812','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21149812"><span>Validation of consensus panel <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in dementia.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Gabel, Matthew J; Foster, Norman L; Heidebrink, Judith L; Higdon, Roger; Aizenstein, Howard J; Arnold, Steven E; Barbas, Nancy R; Boeve, Bradley F; Burke, James R; Clark, Christopher M; Dekosky, Steven T; Farlow, Martin R; Jagust, William J; Kawas, Claudia H; Koeppe, Robert A; Leverenz, James B; Lipton, Anne M; Peskind, Elaine R; Turner, R Scott; Womack, Kyle B; Zamrini, Edward Y</p> <p>2010-12-01</p> <p>The clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of dementing diseases largely depends on the subjective interpretation of patient symptoms. Consensus panels are frequently used in research to determine diagnoses when definitive pathologic findings are unavailable. Nevertheless, research on group decision making indicates that many factors can adversely affect panel performance. To determine conditions that improve consensus panel <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Comparison of neuropathologic diagnoses with individual and consensus panel diagnoses <span class="hlt">based</span> on clinical scenarios only, fludeoxyglucose F 18 positron emission tomography images only, and scenarios plus images. Expert and trainee individual and consensus panel deliberations using a modified Delphi method in a pilot research study of the diagnostic utility of fludeoxyglucose F 18 positron emission tomography. Forty-five patients with pathologically confirmed Alzheimer disease or frontotemporal dementia. Statistical measures of diagnostic accuracy, agreement, and confidence for individual raters and panelists before and after consensus deliberations. The consensus protocol using trainees and experts surpassed the accuracy of individual expert diagnoses when clinical information elicited diverse judgments. In these situations, consensus was 3.5 times more likely to produce positive rather than negative changes in the accuracy and diagnostic certainty of individual panelists. A rule that forced group consensus was at least as <span class="hlt">accurate</span> as majority and unanimity rules. Using a modified Delphi protocol to arrive at a consensus <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is a reasonable substitute for pathologic information. This protocol improves diagnostic accuracy and certainty when panelist judgments differ and is easily adapted to other research and clinical settings while avoiding the potential pitfalls of group decision making.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014LaPhy..24k5601Y','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014LaPhy..24k5601Y"><span>An intraoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of parotid gland tumors using Raman spectroscopy and support vector machine</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Yan, Bing; Wen, Zhining; Li, Yi; Li, Longjiang; Xue, Lili</p> <p>2014-11-01</p> <p>The preoperative and intraoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of parotid gland tumors is difficult, but is important for their surgical management. In order to explore an intraoperative diagnostic method, Raman spectroscopy is applied to detect the normal parotid gland and tumors, including pleomorphic adenoma, Warthin’s tumor and mucoepidermoid carcinoma. In the 600-1800 cm-1 region of the Raman shift, there are numerous spectral differences between the parotid gland and tumors. Compared with Raman spectra of the normal parotid gland, the Raman spectra of parotid tumors show an increase of the peaks assigned to nucleic acids and proteins, but a decrease of the peaks related to lipids. Spectral differences also exist between the spectra of parotid tumors. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on these differences, a remarkable classification and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of the parotid gland and tumors are carried out by support vector machine (SVM), with high accuracy (96.7~100%), sensitivity (93.3~100%) and specificity (96.7~100%). Raman spectroscopy combined with SVM has a great potential to aid the intraoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of parotid tumors and could provide an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> and rapid diagnostic approach.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4160369','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4160369"><span>Molecular Approaches to Thyroid Cancer <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Hsiao, Susan J.; Nikiforov, Yuri E.</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Thyroid nodules are common, and the <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of cancer or benign disease is important for the effective clinical management of these patients. Molecular markers are a helpful diagnostic tool, particularly for cytologically indeterminate thyroid nodules. In the past few years, significant progress has been made in developing molecular markers for clinical use in fine needle aspiration (FNA) specimens, including gene mutation panels and gene expression classifiers. With the availability of next generation sequencing technology, gene mutation panels can be expanded to interrogate multiple genes simultaneously and to provide yet more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnostic information. In addition, recently several new molecular markers in thyroid cancer have been identified that offer diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic information that could potentially be of value in guiding individualized management of patients with thyroid nodules. PMID:24829266</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3974331','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3974331"><span>The status of and future research into Myalgic Encephalomyelitis and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: the need of <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, objective assessment, and acknowledging biological and clinical subgroups</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Twisk, Frank N. M.</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>Although Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (ME) and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) are used interchangeably, the diagnostic criteria define two distinct clinical entities. Cognitive impairment, (muscle) weakness, circulatory disturbances, marked variability of symptoms, and, above all, post-exertional malaise: a long-lasting increase of symptoms after a minor exertion, are distinctive symptoms of ME. This latter phenomenon separates ME, a neuro-immune illness, from chronic fatigue (syndrome), other disorders and deconditioning. The introduction of the label, but more importantly the diagnostic criteria for CFS have generated much confusion, mostly because chronic fatigue is a subjective and ambiguous notion. CFS was redefined in 1994 into unexplained (persistent or relapsing) chronic fatigue, accompanied by at least four out of eight symptoms, e.g., headaches and unrefreshing sleep. Most of the research into ME and/or CFS in the last decades was <span class="hlt">based</span> upon the multivalent CFS criteria, which define a heterogeneous patient group. Due to the fact that fatigue and other symptoms are non-discriminative, subjective experiences, research has been hampered. Various authors have questioned the physiological nature of the symptoms and qualified ME/CFS as somatization. However, various typical symptoms can be assessed objectively using standardized methods. Despite subjective and unclear criteria and measures, research has observed specific abnormalities in ME/CFS repetitively, e.g., immunological abnormalities, oxidative and nitrosative stress, neurological anomalies, circulatory deficits and mitochondrial dysfunction. However, to improve future research standards and patient care, it is crucial that patients with post-exertional malaise (ME) and patients without this odd phenomenon are acknowledged as separate clinical entities that the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of ME and CFS in research and clinical practice is <span class="hlt">based</span> upon <span class="hlt">accurate</span> criteria and an objective assessment of characteristic symptoms</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24496869','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24496869"><span>Sex disparities in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bladder cancer after initial presentation with hematuria: a nationwide claims-<span class="hlt">based</span> investigation.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Cohn, Joshua A; Vekhter, Benjamin; Lyttle, Christopher; Steinberg, Gary D; Large, Michael C</p> <p>2014-02-15</p> <p>Women have disproportionately higher mortality rates relative to incidence for bladder cancer. Multiple etiologies have been proposed, including delayed <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment. Guidelines recommend ruling out malignancy in men and women presenting with hematuria. This study sought to determine the difference in timing from presentation with hematuria to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bladder cancer in women versus men. This is a retrospective population-<span class="hlt">based</span> study examining the timing from presentation with hematuria to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bladder cancer, <span class="hlt">based</span> on data from the MarketScan databases, which include enrollees of more than 100 health insurance plans of approximately 40 large US employers from 2004 through 2010. All study patients presented with hematuria and were subsequently diagnosed with bladder cancer. The primary outcome measure was number of days between initial presentation with hematuria and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bladder cancer by sex. A total of 5416 men and 2233 women met inclusion criteria. Mean days from initial hematuria claim to bladder cancer claim was significantly longer in women (85.4 versus 73.6 days, P < .001), and the proportion of women with >6 month delay in bladder cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> was significantly higher (17.3% versus 14.1%, P < .001). Women were more likely to be diagnosed with urinary tract infection (odds ratio = 2.32, 95% confidence interval = 2.07-2.59) and less likely to undergo abdominal or pelvic imaging (odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval = 0.71-0.89). Both men and women experience significant delays between presentation with hematuria and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of bladder cancer, with longer delays for women. This may be partly responsible for the sex-<span class="hlt">based</span> discrepancy in outcomes associated with bladder cancer. © 2013 American Cancer Society.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4062996','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4062996"><span>Wayside Bearing Fault <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">Based</span> on a Data-Driven Doppler Effect Eliminator and Transient Model Analysis</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Liu, Fang; Shen, Changqing; He, Qingbo; Zhang, Ao; Liu, Yongbin; Kong, Fanrang</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>A fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> strategy <span class="hlt">based</span> on the wayside acoustic monitoring technique is investigated for locomotive bearing fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Inspired by the transient modeling analysis method <span class="hlt">based</span> on correlation filtering analysis, a so-called Parametric-Mother-Doppler-Wavelet (PMDW) is constructed with six parameters, including a center characteristic frequency and five kinematic model parameters. A Doppler effect eliminator containing a PMDW generator, a correlation filtering analysis module, and a signal resampler is invented to eliminate the Doppler effect embedded in the acoustic signal of the recorded bearing. Through the Doppler effect eliminator, the five kinematic model parameters can be identified <span class="hlt">based</span> on the signal itself. Then, the signal resampler is applied to eliminate the Doppler effect using the identified parameters. With the ability to detect early bearing faults, the transient model analysis method is employed to detect localized bearing faults after the embedded Doppler effect is eliminated. The effectiveness of the proposed fault <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> strategy is verified via simulation studies and applications to diagnose locomotive roller bearing defects. PMID:24803197</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22559790','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22559790"><span>Weight-<span class="hlt">based</span> nutritional <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Mexican children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Vega-Sanchez, Rodrigo; de la Luz Gomez-Aguilar, Maria; Haua, Karime; Rozada, Guadalupe</p> <p>2012-07-04</p> <p>Nutrition related problems are increasing worldwide but they have scarcely been evaluated in people with neuromotor disabilities, particularly in developing countries. In this study our aim was to describe the weight-<span class="hlt">based</span> nutritional diagnoses of children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities who attended a private rehabilitation center in Mexico City. Data from the first visit's clinical records of 410 patients who attended the Nutrition department at the Teleton Center for Children Rehabilitation, between 1999 and 2008, were analyzed. Sex, age, weight and height, length or segmental length data were collected and used to obtain the nutritional <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on international growth charts, as well as disability-specific charts. Weight for height was considered the main indicator. Cerebral palsy was the most frequent <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, followed by spina bifida, muscular dystrophy, and Down's syndrome. Children with cerebral palsy showed a higher risk of presenting low weight/undernutrition (LW/UN) than children with other disabilities, which was three times higher in females. In contrast, children with spina bifida, particularly males, were more likely to be overweight/obese (OW/OB), especially after the age of 6 and even more after 11. Patients with muscular dystrophy showed a significantly lower risk of LW/UN than patients with other disabilities. In patients with Down's syndrome neither LW/UN nor OW/OB were different between age and sex. This is the first study that provides evidence of the nutritional situation of children and adolescents with neuromotor disabilities in Mexico, <span class="hlt">based</span> on their weight status. Low weight and obesity affect a large number of these patients due to their disability, age and sex. Early nutritional <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> must be considered an essential component in the treatment of these patients to prevent obesity and malnutrition, and improve their quality of life.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25561067','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25561067"><span>Computer-Aided Methodology for Syndromic Strabismus <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Sousa de Almeida, João Dallyson; Silva, Aristófanes Corrêa; Teixeira, Jorge Antonio Meireles; Paiva, Anselmo Cardoso; Gattass, Marcelo</p> <p>2015-08-01</p> <p>Strabismus is a pathology that affects approximately 4 % of the population, causing aesthetic problems reversible at any age and irreversible sensory alterations that modify the vision mechanism. The Hirschberg test is one type of examination for detecting this pathology. Computer-aided detection/<span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is being used with relative success to aid health professionals. Nevertheless, the routine use of high-tech devices for aiding ophthalmological <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and therapy is not a reality within the subspecialty of strabismus. Thus, this work presents a methodology to aid in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of syndromic strabismus through digital imaging. Two hundred images belonging to 40 patients previously diagnosed by an specialist were tested. The method was demonstrated to be 88 % <span class="hlt">accurate</span> in esotropias identification (ET), 100 % for exotropias (XT), 80.33 % for hypertropias (HT), and 83.33 % for hypotropias (HoT). The overall average error was 5.6Δ and 3.83Δ for horizontal and vertical deviations, respectively, against the measures presented by the specialist.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4574279','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4574279"><span>Malaria <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> across the International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research: Platforms, Performance, and Standardization</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Kobayashi, Tamaki; Gamboa, Dionicia; Ndiaye, Daouda; Cui, Liwang; Sutton, Patrick L.; Vinetz, Joseph M.</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> is “the act of identifying a disease, illness, or problem by examining someone or something.” When an individual with acute fever presents for clinical attention, <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> leading to specific, prompt treatment often saves lives. As applied to malaria, not only individual patient <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> is important but also assessing population-level malaria prevalence using appropriate diagnostic methods is essential for public health purposes. Similarly, identifying (diagnosing) fake antimalarial medications prevents the use of counterfeit drugs that can have disastrous effects. Therefore, <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in broad areas related to malaria is fundamental to improving health-care delivery, informing funding agencies of current malaria situations, and aiding in the prioritization of regional and national control efforts. The International Centers of Excellence for Malaria Research (ICEMR), supported by the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, has collaborated on global efforts to improve malaria diagnostics by working to harmonize and systematize procedures across different regions where endemicity and financial resources vary. In this article, the different diagnostic methods used across each ICEMR are reviewed and challenges are discussed. PMID:26259937</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25051233','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25051233"><span>Biomarkers identified by urinary metabonomics for noninvasive <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of nutritional rickets.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Wang, Maoqing; Yang, Xue; Ren, Lihong; Li, Songtao; He, Xuan; Wu, Xiaoyan; Liu, Tingting; Lin, Liqun; Li, Ying; Sun, Changhao</p> <p>2014-09-05</p> <p>Nutritional rickets is a worldwide public health problem; however, the current diagnostic methods retain shortcomings for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of nutritional rickets. To identify urinary biomarkers associated with nutritional rickets and establish a noninvasive <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> method, urinary metabonomics analysis by ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis were employed to investigate the metabolic alterations associated with nutritional rickets in 200 children with or without nutritional rickets. The pathophysiological changes and pathogenesis of nutritional rickets were illustrated by the identified biomarkers. By urinary metabolic profiling, 31 biomarkers of nutritional rickets were identified and five candidate biomarkers for clinical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> were screened and identified by quantitative analysis and receiver operating curve analysis. Urinary levels of five candidate biomarkers were measured using mass spectrometry or commercial kits. In the validation step, the combination of phosphate and sebacic acid was able to give a noninvasive and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnostic with high sensitivity (94.0%) and specificity (71.2%). Furthermore, on the basis of the pathway analysis of biomarkers, our urinary metabonomics analysis gives new insight into the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of nutritional rickets.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11475771','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11475771"><span>Knowledge-<span class="hlt">based</span> system for structured examination, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and therapy in treatment of traumatised teeth.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Robertson, A; Norén, J G</p> <p>2001-02-01</p> <p>Dental trauma in children and adolescents is a common problem, and the prevalence of these injuries has increased in the last 10-20 years. A dental injury should always be considered an emergency and, thus, be treated immediately to relieve pain, facilitate reduction of displaced teeth, reconstruct lost hard tissue, and improve prognosis. Rational therapy depends upon a correct <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, which can be achieved with the aid of various examination techniques. It must be understood that an incomplete examination can lead to inaccurate <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and less successful treatment. Good knowledge of traumatology and models of treatments can also reduce stress and anxiety for both the patient and the dental team. Knowledge-<span class="hlt">based</span> Systems (KBS) are a practical implementation of Artificial Intelligence. In complex domains which humans find difficult to understand, KBS can assist in making decisions and can also add knowledge. The aim of this paper is to describe the structure of a knowledge-<span class="hlt">based</span> system for structured examination, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and therapy for traumatised primary and permanent teeth. A commercially available program was used as developmental tool for the programming (XpertRule, Attar, London, UK). The paper presents a model for a computerised decision support system for traumatology.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li class="active"><span>24</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>25</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_24 --> <div id="page_25" class="hiddenDiv"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li class="active"><span>25</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-sm-12"> <ol class="result-class" start="481"> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29719308','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29719308"><span>Design a Fuzzy Rule-<span class="hlt">based</span> Expert System to Aid Earlier <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Gastric Cancer.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Safdari, Reza; Arpanahi, Hadi Kazemi; Langarizadeh, Mostafa; Ghazisaiedi, Marjan; Dargahi, Hossein; Zendehdel, Kazem</p> <p>2018-01-01</p> <p>Screening and health check-up programs are most important sanitary priorities, that should be undertaken to control dangerous diseases such as gastric cancer that affected by different factors. More than 50% of gastric cancer diagnoses are made during the advanced stage. Currently, there is no systematic approach for early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of gastric cancer. to develop a fuzzy expert system that can identify gastric cancer risk levels in individuals. This system was implemented in MATLAB software, Mamdani inference technique applied to simulate reasoning of experts in the field, a total of 67 fuzzy rules extracted as a rule-<span class="hlt">base</span> <span class="hlt">based</span> on medical expert's opinion. 50 case scenarios were used to evaluate the system, the information of case reports is given to the system to find risk level of each case report then obtained results were compared with expert's <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. Results revealed that sensitivity was 92.1% and the specificity was 83.1%. The results show that is possible to develop a system that can identify High risk individuals for gastric cancer. The system can lead to earlier <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, this may facilitate early treatment and reduce gastric cancer mortality rate.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29785074','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29785074"><span>Challenges in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pancreatic cancer.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Zhang, Lulu; Sanagapalli, Santosh; Stoita, Alina</p> <p>2018-05-21</p> <p>Pancreatic cancer is a growing source of cancer related death, yet has poor survival rates which have not improved in the last few decades. Its high mortality rate is attributed to pancreatic cancer biology, difficulty in early <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and the lack of standardised international guidelines in assessing suspicious pancreatic masses. This review aims to provide an update in the current state of play in pancreatic cancer <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and to evaluate the benefits and limitations of available diagnostic technology. The main modalities discussed are imaging with computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, endoscopic ultrasound and positron emission tomography and tissue acquisition with fine needle aspiration. We also review the improvements in the techniques used for tissue acquisition and the opportunity for personalised cancer medicine. Screening of high risk individuals, promising biomarkers and common mimickers of pancreatic cancer are also explored, as well as suggestions for future research directions to allow for earlier detection of pancreatic cancer. Timely and <span class="hlt">accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of pancreatic cancer can lead to improvements in the current poor outcome of this disease.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20020014794&hterms=service+processes&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D90%26Ntt%3Dservice%2Bprocesses','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20020014794&hterms=service+processes&qs=Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntk%3DAll%26N%3D0%26No%3D90%26Ntt%3Dservice%2Bprocesses"><span>Fault Tree <span class="hlt">Based</span> <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> with Optimal Test Sequencing for Field Service Engineers</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Iverson, David L.; George, Laurence L.; Patterson-Hine, F. A.; Lum, Henry, Jr. (Technical Monitor)</p> <p>1994-01-01</p> <p>When field service engineers go to customer sites to service equipment, they want to diagnose and repair failures quickly and cost effectively. Symptoms exhibited by failed equipment frequently suggest several possible causes which require different approaches to <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. This can lead the engineer to follow several fruitless paths in the diagnostic process before they find the actual failure. To assist in this situation, we have developed the Fault Tree <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> and Optimal Test Sequence (FTDOTS) software system that performs automated <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and ranks diagnostic hypotheses <span class="hlt">based</span> on failure probability and the time or cost required to isolate and repair each failure. FTDOTS first finds a set of possible failures that explain exhibited symptoms by using a fault tree reliability model as a diagnostic knowledge to rank the hypothesized failures <span class="hlt">based</span> on how likely they are and how long it would take or how much it would cost to isolate and repair them. This ordering suggests an optimal sequence for the field service engineer to investigate the hypothesized failures in order to minimize the time or cost required to accomplish the repair task. Previously, field service personnel would arrive at the customer site and choose which components to investigate <span class="hlt">based</span> on past experience and service manuals. Using FTDOTS running on a portable computer, they can now enter a set of symptoms and get a list of possible failures ordered in an optimal test sequence to help them in their decisions. If facilities are available, the field engineer can connect the portable computer to the malfunctioning device for automated data gathering. FTDOTS is currently being applied to field service of medical test equipment. The techniques are flexible enough to use for many different types of devices. If a fault tree model of the equipment and information about component failure probabilities and isolation times or costs are available, a diagnostic knowledge <span class="hlt">base</span> for that device can be</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2663612','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2663612"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Fanconi anemia in patients with bone marrow failure</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Pinto, Fernando O.; Leblanc, Thierry; Chamousset, Delphine; Le Roux, Gwenaelle; Brethon, Benoit; Cassinat, Bruno; Larghero, Jérôme; de Villartay, Jean-Pierre; Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique; Baruchel, André; Socié, Gérard; Gluckman, Eliane; Soulier, Jean</p> <p>2009-01-01</p> <p>Background Patients with bone marrow failure and undiagnosed underlying Fanconi anemia may experience major toxicity if given standard-dose conditioning regimens for hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Due to clinical variability and/or potential emergence of genetic reversion with hematopoietic somatic mosaicism, a straightforward Fanconi anemia <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> can be difficult to make, and diagnostic strategies combining different assays in addition to classical breakage tests in blood may be needed. Design and Methods We evaluated Fanconi anemia <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> on blood lymphocytes and skin fibroblasts from a cohort of 87 bone marrow failure patients (55 children and 32 adults) with no obvious full clinical picture of Fanconi anemia, by performing a combination of chromosomal breakage tests, FANCD2-monoubiquitination assays, a new flow cytometry-<span class="hlt">based</span> mitomycin C sensitivity test in fibroblasts, and, when Fanconi anemia was diagnosed, complementation group and mutation analyses. The mitomycin C sensitivity test in fibroblasts was validated on control Fanconi anemia and non-Fanconi anemia samples, including other chromosomal instability disorders. Results When this <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> strategy was applied to the cohort of bone marrow failure patients, 7 Fanconi anemia patients were found (3 children and 4 adults). Classical chromosomal breakage tests in blood detected 4, but analyses on fibroblasts were necessary to diagnose 3 more patients with hematopoietic somatic mosaicism. Importantly, Fanconi anemia was excluded in all the other patients who were fully evaluated. Conclusions In this large cohort of patients with bone marrow failure our results confirmed that when any clinical/biological suspicion of Fanconi anemia remains after chromosome breakage tests in blood, <span class="hlt">based</span> on physical examination, history or inconclusive results, then further evaluation including fibroblast analysis should be made. For that purpose, the flow-<span class="hlt">based</span> mitomycin C sensitivity test here described proved</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25630458','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25630458"><span><span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Pneumocystis pneumonia: evaluation of four serologic biomarkers.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Esteves, F; Calé, S S; Badura, R; de Boer, M G; Maltez, F; Calderón, E J; van der Reijden, T J; Márquez-Martín, E; Antunes, F; Matos, O</p> <p>2015-04-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) relies on microscopic visualization of Pneumocystis jirovecii organisms or DNA detection in pulmonary specimens. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of (1-3)-β-d-glucan (BG), Krebs von den Lungen-6 antigen (KL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and S-adenosyl methionine (SAM) as serologic biomarkers in the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of PCP. Serum levels of BG, KL-6, LDH and SAM were investigated in 145 Portuguese patients, 50 patients from the Netherlands, 25 Spanish patients and 40 Portuguese blood donors. Data on clinical presentation, chest imaging and gasometry tests were available. PCP cases were confirmed by microscopy and PCR techniques. A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed. BG was found to be the most reliable serologic biomarker for PCP <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, followed by KL-6, LDH and SAM. The BG/KL-6 combination test was the most <span class="hlt">accurate</span> serologic approach for PCP <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, with 94.3% sensitivity and 89.6% specificity. Although less sensitive/specific than the reference standard classic methods <span class="hlt">based</span> on bronchoalveolar lavage followed by microscopic or molecular detection of P. jirovecii organisms, the BG/KL-6 test may provide a less onerous procedure for PCP <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, as it uses a minimally invasive and inexpensive specimen (blood), which may be also a major benefit for the patient's care. The BG/KL-6 combination test should be interpreted within the clinical context, and it may be used as a preliminary screening test in patients with primary suspicion of PCP, or as an alternative diagnostic procedure in patients with respiratory failure or in children, avoiding the associated risk of complications by the use of bronchoscopy. Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24599324','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24599324"><span>MOSAIK: a hash-<span class="hlt">based</span> algorithm for <span class="hlt">accurate</span> next-generation sequencing short-read mapping.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Lee, Wan-Ping; Stromberg, Michael P; Ward, Alistair; Stewart, Chip; Garrison, Erik P; Marth, Gabor T</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>MOSAIK is a stable, sensitive and open-source program for mapping second and third-generation sequencing reads to a reference genome. Uniquely among current mapping tools, MOSAIK can align reads generated by all the major sequencing technologies, including Illumina, Applied Biosystems SOLiD, Roche 454, Ion Torrent and Pacific BioSciences SMRT. Indeed, MOSAIK was the only aligner to provide consistent mappings for all the generated data (sequencing technologies, low-coverage and exome) in the 1000 Genomes Project. To provide highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> alignments, MOSAIK employs a hash clustering strategy coupled with the Smith-Waterman algorithm. This method is well-suited to capture mismatches as well as short insertions and deletions. To support the growing interest in larger structural variant (SV) discovery, MOSAIK provides explicit support for handling known-sequence SVs, e.g. mobile element insertions (MEIs) as well as generating outputs tailored to aid in SV discovery. All variant discovery benefits from an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> description of the read placement confidence. To this end, MOSAIK uses a neural-network <span class="hlt">based</span> training scheme to provide well-calibrated mapping quality scores, demonstrated by a correlation coefficient between MOSAIK assigned and actual mapping qualities greater than 0.98. In order to ensure that studies of any genome are supported, a training pipeline is provided to ensure optimal mapping quality scores for the genome under investigation. MOSAIK is multi-threaded, open source, and incorporated into our command and pipeline launcher system GKNO (http://gkno.me).</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3944147','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=3944147"><span>MOSAIK: A Hash-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Algorithm for <span class="hlt">Accurate</span> Next-Generation Sequencing Short-Read Mapping</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>Lee, Wan-Ping; Stromberg, Michael P.; Ward, Alistair; Stewart, Chip; Garrison, Erik P.; Marth, Gabor T.</p> <p>2014-01-01</p> <p>MOSAIK is a stable, sensitive and open-source program for mapping second and third-generation sequencing reads to a reference genome. Uniquely among current mapping tools, MOSAIK can align reads generated by all the major sequencing technologies, including Illumina, Applied Biosystems SOLiD, Roche 454, Ion Torrent and Pacific BioSciences SMRT. Indeed, MOSAIK was the only aligner to provide consistent mappings for all the generated data (sequencing technologies, low-coverage and exome) in the 1000 Genomes Project. To provide highly <span class="hlt">accurate</span> alignments, MOSAIK employs a hash clustering strategy coupled with the Smith-Waterman algorithm. This method is well-suited to capture mismatches as well as short insertions and deletions. To support the growing interest in larger structural variant (SV) discovery, MOSAIK provides explicit support for handling known-sequence SVs, e.g. mobile element insertions (MEIs) as well as generating outputs tailored to aid in SV discovery. All variant discovery benefits from an <span class="hlt">accurate</span> description of the read placement confidence. To this end, MOSAIK uses a neural-network <span class="hlt">based</span> training scheme to provide well-calibrated mapping quality scores, demonstrated by a correlation coefficient between MOSAIK assigned and actual mapping qualities greater than 0.98. In order to ensure that studies of any genome are supported, a training pipeline is provided to ensure optimal mapping quality scores for the genome under investigation. MOSAIK is multi-threaded, open source, and incorporated into our command and pipeline launcher system GKNO (http://gkno.me). PMID:24599324</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24807101','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24807101"><span>Rapid immunohistochemistry <span class="hlt">based</span> on alternating current electric field for intraoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of brain tumors.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Tanino, Mishie; Sasajima, Toshio; Nanjo, Hiroshi; Akesaka, Shiori; Kagaya, Masami; Kimura, Taichi; Ishida, Yusuke; Oda, Masaya; Takahashi, Masataka; Sugawara, Taku; Yoshioka, Toshiaki; Nishihara, Hiroshi; Akagami, Yoichi; Goto, Akiteru; Minamiya, Yoshihiro; Tanaka, Shinya</p> <p>2015-01-01</p> <p>Rapid immunohistochemistry (R-IHC) can contribute to the intraoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. We have recently developed a new IHC method <span class="hlt">based</span> on an alternating current electric field to facilitate the antigen-antibody reaction. To ensure the requirement of R-IHC for intraoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, 183 cases of CNS tumors were reviewed regarding the accuracy rate of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> without R-IHC. The diagnostic accuracy was 90.7 % (166/183 cases) [corrected] in which definitive diagnoses were not provided in 17 cases because of the failure of glioma grading and differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of lymphoma and glioma. To establish the clinicopathological application, R-IHC for frozen specimens was compared with standard IHC for permanent specimens. 33 gliomas were analyzed, and the Ki-67/MIB-1 indices of frozen specimens by R-IHC were consistent with the grade and statistically correlated with those of permanent specimens. Thus, R-IHC provided supportive information to determine the grade of glioma. For discrimination between glioma and lymphoma, R-IHC was able to provide clear results of CD20 and Ki-67/MIB-1 in four frozen specimens of CNS lymphoma as well as standard IHC. We conclude that the R-IHC for frozen specimens can provide important information for intraoperative <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of CNS tumors.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27956093','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27956093"><span>Late <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of congenital toxoplasmosis <span class="hlt">based</span> on serological follow-up: A case report.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Dard, Céline; Chemla, Cathy; Fricker-Hidalgo, Hélène; Brenier-Pinchart, Marie-Pierre; Baret, Marie; Mzabi, Alexandre; Villena, Isabelle; Pelloux, Hervé</p> <p>2017-04-01</p> <p>Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite infecting up to one third of the world's population. T. gondii infection is usually benign in immunocompetent patients but can be life-threatening when congenitally transmitted. Congenital toxoplasmosis presentation ranges from severe central nervous system and ocular features, to a well appearing newborn with onset of complications late in childhood. The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of subclinical form remains important since early treatment reduces later complications such as chorioretinitis. We report an atypical case of congenital toxoplasmosis with a delayed <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, <span class="hlt">based</span> on Toxoplasma-specific serological follow-up. The infant was born to a mother who became infected during pregnancy, thus inducing infant biological and clinical follow-up. Neither biological nor clinical arguments favored a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of congenital toxoplasmosis until ten months of life. Congenital toxoplasmosis was then suspected because of an unusual increase of specific IgG levels. <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> was confirmed by detection of newly synthesized newborn Ig isotypes using complementary comparative mother-to-child immunological profile techniques and specific treatment therefore administered. This report highlights the importance to follow up newborns at risk of congenital toxoplasmosis with specific and newborn-appropriate techniques until Toxoplasma-IgG titers are completely negative. This allows not only the exclusion of congenital toxoplasmosis when serology becomes negative, but also the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and treatment of congenital toxoplasmosis when infection is detected later in development. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA551854','DTIC-ST'); return false;" href="http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA551854"><span>Accuracy of AccessBio Immunoglobulin M and Total Antibody Rapid Immunochromatographic Assays for the <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Acute Scrub Typhus Infection</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.dtic.mil/">DTIC Science & Technology</a></p> <p></p> <p>2010-02-01</p> <p>archived samples, we assessed the diagnostic capacity of a rapid immunochromatographic test (ICT) for the detection of Orientia tsutsugamushi IgM and...illness in the Asia-Pacific region. As very few health facilities have accessible <span class="hlt">accurate</span> diagnostic tests , the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of scrub fever must be <span class="hlt">based</span>...develop- ment of rapid , diagnostic tests by the use of immunochromato- graphic test (ICf) technologies has provided a mechanism for point-of-care</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA105559','DTIC-ST'); return false;" href="http://www.dtic.mil/docs/citations/ADA105559"><span>Remote Medical <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> System (RMDS) Utilization Study.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.dtic.mil/">DTIC Science & Technology</a></p> <p></p> <p>1981-08-18</p> <p>information between naval ships and designated naval medical centers. It will have the capability for point -to- point exchange of televi- sion images...are necessary to show anatomical spatial relationships and other features. Appendix A shows the number of X-ray views routinely taken to examine various...session. However, it was pointed out that color only made <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> easier and faster, but not necessarily more <span class="hlt">accurate</span> than black-and-white</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5412163','PMC'); return false;" href="https://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=5412163"><span>EEG-<span class="hlt">Based</span> Computer Aided <span class="hlt">Diagnosis</span> of Autism Spectrum Disorder Using Wavelet, Entropy, and ANN</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pmc">PubMed Central</a></p> <p>AlSharabi, Khalil; Ibrahim, Sutrisno; Alsuwailem, Abdullah</p> <p>2017-01-01</p> <p>Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder with core impairments in the social relationships, communication, imagination, or flexibility of thought and restricted repertoire of activity and interest. In this work, a new computer aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (CAD) of autism ‎<span class="hlt">based</span> on electroencephalography (EEG) signal analysis is investigated. The proposed method is <span class="hlt">based</span> on discrete wavelet transform (DWT), entropy (En), and artificial neural network (ANN). DWT is used to decompose EEG signals into approximation and details coefficients to obtain EEG subbands. The feature vector is constructed by computing Shannon entropy values from each EEG subband. ANN classifies the corresponding EEG signal into normal or autistic <span class="hlt">based</span> on the extracted features. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for assisting autism <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve metric is used to quantify the performance of the proposed method. The proposed method obtained promising results tested using real dataset provided by King Abdulaziz Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. PMID:28484720</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29378588','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29378588"><span>Plasmodium species differentiation by non-expert on-line volunteers for remote malaria field <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Ortiz-Ruiz, Alejandra; Postigo, María; Gil-Casanova, Sara; Cuadrado, Daniel; Bautista, José M; Rubio, José Miguel; Luengo-Oroz, Miguel; Linares, María</p> <p>2018-01-30</p> <p>Routine field <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of malaria is a considerable challenge in rural and low resources endemic areas mainly due to lack of personnel, training and sample processing capacity. In addition, differential <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of Plasmodium species has a high level of misdiagnosis. Real time remote microscopical <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> through on-line crowdsourcing platforms could be converted into an agile network to support <span class="hlt">diagnosis-based</span> treatment and malaria control in low resources areas. This study explores whether <span class="hlt">accurate</span> Plasmodium species identification-a critical step during the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> protocol in order to choose the appropriate medication-is possible through the information provided by non-trained on-line volunteers. 88 volunteers have performed a series of questionnaires over 110 images to differentiate species (Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium ovale, Plasmodium vivax, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium knowlesi) and parasite staging from thin blood smear images digitalized with a smartphone camera adapted to the ocular of a conventional light microscope. Visual cues evaluated in the surveys include texture and colour, parasite shape and red blood size. On-line volunteers are able to discriminate Plasmodium species (P. falciparum, P. malariae, P. vivax, P. ovale, P. knowlesi) and stages in thin-blood smears according to visual cues observed on digitalized images of parasitized red blood cells. Friendly textual descriptions of the visual cues and specialized malaria terminology is key for volunteers learning and efficiency. On-line volunteers with short-training are able to differentiate malaria parasite species and parasite stages from digitalized thin smears <span class="hlt">based</span> on simple visual cues (shape, size, texture and colour). While the accuracy of a single on-line expert is far from perfect, a single parasite classification obtained by combining the opinions of multiple on-line volunteers over the same smear, could improve accuracy and reliability of Plasmodium species</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017SPIE10133E..05A','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017SPIE10133E..05A"><span><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> segmentation of lung fields on chest radiographs using deep convolutional networks</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Arbabshirani, Mohammad R.; Dallal, Ahmed H.; Agarwal, Chirag; Patel, Aalpan; Moore, Gregory</p> <p>2017-02-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> segmentation of lung fields on chest radiographs is the primary step for computer-aided detection of various conditions such as lung cancer and tuberculosis. The size, shape and texture of lung fields are key parameters for chest X-ray (CXR) <span class="hlt">based</span> lung disease <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> in which the lung field segmentation is a significant primary step. Although many methods have been proposed for this problem, lung field segmentation remains as a challenge. In recent years, deep learning has shown state of the art performance in many visual tasks such as object detection, image classification and semantic image segmentation. In this study, we propose a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) framework for segmentation of lung fields. The algorithm was developed and tested on 167 clinical posterior-anterior (PA) CXR images collected retrospectively from picture archiving and communication system (PACS) of Geisinger Health System. The proposed multi-scale network is composed of five convolutional and two fully connected layers. The framework achieved IOU (intersection over union) of 0.96 on the testing dataset as compared to manual segmentation. The suggested framework outperforms state of the art registration-<span class="hlt">based</span> segmentation by a significant margin. To our knowledge, this is the first deep learning <span class="hlt">based</span> study of lung field segmentation on CXR images developed on a heterogeneous clinical dataset. The results suggest that convolutional neural networks could be employed reliably for lung field segmentation.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21816324','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21816324"><span>Skull <span class="hlt">base</span>, orbits, temporal bone, and cranial nerves: anatomy on MR imaging.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Morani, Ajaykumar C; Ramani, Nisha S; Wesolowski, Jeffrey R</p> <p>2011-08-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> delineation, <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>, and treatment planning of skull <span class="hlt">base</span> lesions require knowledge of the complex anatomy of the skull <span class="hlt">base</span>. Because the skull <span class="hlt">base</span> cannot be directly evaluated, imaging is critical for the <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and management of skull <span class="hlt">base</span> diseases. Although computed tomography (CT) is excellent for outlining the bony detail, magnetic resonance (MR) imaging provides better soft tissue detail and is helpful for evaluating the adjacent meninges, brain parenchyma, and bone marrow of the skull <span class="hlt">base</span>. Thus, CT and MR imaging are often used together for evaluating skull <span class="hlt">base</span> lesions. This article focuses on the radiologic anatomy of the skull <span class="hlt">base</span> pertinent to MR imaging evaluation. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29771460','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29771460"><span>Targeting prostate cancer: Prostate-specific membrane antigen <span class="hlt">based</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and therapy.</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Wüstemann, Till; Haberkorn, Uwe; Babich, John; Mier, Walter</p> <p>2018-05-17</p> <p>The high incidence rates of prostate cancer (PCa) raise demand for improved therapeutic strategies. Prostate tumors specifically express the prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), a membrane-bound protease. As PSMA is highly overexpressed on malignant prostate tumor cells and as its expression rate correlates with the aggressiveness of the disease, this tumor-associated biomarker provides the possibility to develop new strategies for diagnostics and therapy of PCa. Major advances have been made in PSMA targeting, ranging from immunotherapeutic approaches to therapeutic small molecules. This review elaborates the diversity of PSMA targeting agents while focusing on the radioactively labeled tracers for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> and endoradiotherapy. A variety of radionuclides have been shown to either enable precise <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> or efficiently treat the tumor with minimal effects to nontargeted organs. Most small molecules with affinity for PSMA are <span class="hlt">based</span> on either a phosphonate or a urea-<span class="hlt">based</span> binding motif. <span class="hlt">Based</span> on these pharmacophores, major effort has been made to identify modifications to achieve ideal pharmacokinetics while retaining the specific targeting of the PSMA binding pocket. Several tracers have now shown excellent clinical usability in particular for molecular imaging and therapy as proven by the efficiency of theranostic approaches in current studies. The archetypal expression profile of PSMA may be exploited for the treatment with alpha emitters to break radioresistance and thus to bring the power of systemic therapy to higher levels. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010SPIE.7546E..1XA','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010SPIE.7546E..1XA"><span>Enhancements in medicine by integrating content <span class="hlt">based</span> image retrieval in computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span></span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Aggarwal, Preeti; Sardana, H. K.</p> <p>2010-02-01</p> <p>Computer-aided <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> (CAD) has become one of the major research subjects in medical imaging and diagnostic radiology. With cad, radiologists use the computer output as a "second opinion" and make the final decisions. Retrieving images is a useful tool to help radiologist to check medical image and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The impact of contentbased access to medical images is frequently reported but existing systems are designed for only a particular context of <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. The challenge in medical informatics is to develop tools for analyzing the content of medical images and to represent them in a way that can be efficiently searched and compared by the physicians. CAD is a concept established by taking into account equally the roles of physicians and computers. To build a successful computer aided diagnostic system, all the relevant technologies, especially retrieval need to be integrated in such a manner that should provide effective and efficient pre-diagnosed cases with proven pathology for the current case at the right time. In this paper, it is suggested that integration of content-<span class="hlt">based</span> image retrieval (CBIR) in cad can bring enormous results in medicine especially in <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span>. This approach is also compared with other approaches by highlighting its advantages over those approaches.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19890027974&hterms=knowledge+power&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3Dknowledge%2Bpower','NASA-TRS'); return false;" href="https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=19890027974&hterms=knowledge+power&qs=N%3D0%26Ntk%3DAll%26Ntx%3Dmode%2Bmatchall%26Ntt%3Dknowledge%2Bpower"><span>Development of a component centered fault monitoring and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> knowledge <span class="hlt">based</span> system for space power system</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp">NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)</a></p> <p>Lee, S. C.; Lollar, Louis F.</p> <p>1988-01-01</p> <p>The overall approach currently being taken in the development of AMPERES (Autonomously Managed Power System Extendable Real-time Expert System), a knowledge-<span class="hlt">based</span> expert system for fault monitoring and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of space power systems, is discussed. The system architecture, knowledge representation, and fault monitoring and <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> strategy are examined. A 'component-centered' approach developed in this project is described. Critical issues requiring further study are identified.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9245112','PUBMED'); return false;" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9245112"><span>[Laboratory <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of lipid imbalance].</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?DB=pubmed">PubMed</a></p> <p>Siemianowicz, K</p> <p>1996-01-01</p> <p><span class="hlt">Accurate</span> <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of hyperlipidaemia is necessary for the effective treatment. Measurements in serum or plasma obtained after an overnight fast of over 16 hours should include total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol concentrations; LDL-cholesterol can be calculated using the Friedelwald's formula. Lipoprotein electrophoresis is used to define different phenotypes of hyperlipoproteinaemia according to the Fredrickson's classification. More sophisticated tests include apolipoprotein analysis, determination of Lp(a) concentration, activities of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism and genetic studies. Secondary causes of hyperlipidaemia, including liver, kidney, endocrine disorders should be excluded using the laboratory methods.</p> </li> <li> <p><a target="_blank" onclick="trackOutboundLink('http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AIPC.1867b0048M','NASAADS'); return false;" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017AIPC.1867b0048M"><span>A hybrid feature selection method using multiclass SVM for <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of erythemato-squamous disease</span></a></p> <p><a target="_blank" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abstract_service.html">NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)</a></p> <p>Maryam, Setiawan, Noor Akhmad; Wahyunggoro, Oyas</p> <p>2017-08-01</p> <p>The <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> of erythemato-squamous disease is a complex problem and difficult to detect in dermatology. Besides that, it is a major cause of skin cancer. Data mining implementation in the medical field helps expert to diagnose precisely, <span class="hlt">accurately</span>, and inexpensively. In this research, we use data mining technique to developed a <span class="hlt">diagnosis</span> model <span class="hlt">based</span> on multiclass SVM with a novel hybrid feature selection method to diagnose erythemato-squamous disease. Our hybrid feature selection method, named ChiGA (Chi Square and Genetic Algorithm), uses the advantages from filter and wrapper methods to select the optimal feature subset from original feature. Chi square used as filter method to remove redundant features and GA as wrapper method to select the ideal feature subset with SVM used as classifier. Experiment performed with 10 fold cross validation on erythemato-squamous diseases dataset taken from University of California Irvine (UCI) machine learning database. The experimental result shows that the proposed model <span class="hlt">based</span> multiclass SVM with Chi Square and GA can give an optimum feature subset. There are 18 optimum features with 99.18% accuracy.</p> </li> </ol> <div class="pull-right"> <ul class="pagination"> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_1");'>«</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_21");'>21</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_22");'>22</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_23");'>23</a></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_24");'>24</a></li> <li class="active"><span>25</span></li> <li><a href="#" onclick='return showDiv("page_25");'>»</a></li> </ul> </div> </div><!-- col-sm-12 --> </div><!-- row --> </div><!-- page_25 --> <div class="footer-extlink text-muted" style="margin-bottom:1rem; text-align:center;">Some links on this page may take you to non-federal websites. 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