When light time and stellar aberration corrections are both applied to a geometric position vector, the resulting position vector indicates where the target ...

When light time and stellar aberration corrections are both applied to a geometric position vector, the resulting position vector indicates where the target ...

Below we briefly describe the differences between the old and new aberration correction algorithms. The previous SPK light time correction algorithms introduce ...

Below we briefly describe the differences between the old and new aberration correction algorithms. The previous SPK light time correction algorithms ...

'LT+S' invokes light time and stellar aberration corrections. Use 'NONE' to use the uncorrected (aka geometric ) position, as given by the source SPK file ...

Much of the impact time data available is summarized in this Table. All times are UTC times as seen at the Earth (ie, they are corrected for light time). The first ...

Accurate centre-of-mass corrections for geodetic spherical satellites are expected to contribute to accurate determination of the scale of the earth, i.e. , ...

This site offers information on the classical doppler effect, the relativistic doppler effect, aberration, and the transverse doppler effect. It also discusses wave fronts, first-order and second order effect, light-time correction, Galilean transformation, and parallax.

... Ionospheric corrections for VLA observations using ... We find that we can normally make Faraday rotation corrections that are accurate to < 2 ...

This technical paper of mathematical physics arose as an aftermath of the 2002 Cassini experiment (Bertotti et al 2003 Nature 425 374-6), in which the PPN parameter ? was measured with an accuracy ?? = 2.3 � 10-5 and found consistent with the prediction ? = 1 of general relativity. The Orbit Determination Program (ODP) of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, which was used in the data analysis, is ...

... AND CORRECTED ANTENNA COORDINATES IN A LONG-DISTANCE GPS TIME TRANSFER ... 1-1 ACCURATE ANTENNA COORDINATES ...

... paper discusses issues related to the use of hyperspectral sensors. ... military targets as well as the accurate calibration and atmospheric correction. ...

... not yield very accurate results at stagnation points, these terms nevertheless represent correctly, to some extent, the effect of compressibility at such ...

... IN ACCURATE ULTRASONIC-WAVE VELOCITY MEASUREMENT BY USE ... AND LONGITUDINAL ULTRASONIC-WAVE VELOCITIES IN SOLIDS ...

are often correct and the load bal� ancer works well. Nevertheless, more accurate models are an important

Please ensure that all information is complete and accurate. Falsification of University documents necessary. #12;Please ensure that all information is complete and accurate. Falsification of University information is complete and accurate. Falsification of University documents may warrant corrective action

A study was conducted to determine whether uncorrected validity coefficients, those corrected for univariate range restriction, or those corrected for multivariate range restriction would be the most accurate in estimating the unrestricted population vali...

Using Crude Corrective Movements to Learn Accurate Motor Programs for Reaching Andrew H. Fagg movements to learn accurate reaching programs is presented. The model learns a feed�forward motor program of opposing muscles, which drive the shoulder and elbow joints. The model is able to learn motor programs

Reconstruction of the inframammary fold (IMF) during breast reconstruction is vital in achieving good aesthetic outcomes and avoiding further corrective surgery. The IMF is usually reconstructed by comparing with the other side and estimating its correct position. The IMF template can be used to accurately and consistently mark the ...

In space, projectiles with hypervelocity can deliver large amounts of energy to the target. Long range and high accuracy are essential. This report presents a method of improving the accuracy of hypervelocity vehicles by measuring the output velocity and correcting the direction by impulse from a laser beam normal to the projectile flight path. The ...

precision light times � and �1 and the precision quasar delay � with respect to the ... for a quasar light-time solution, and the partial derivatives of the ...

Blood pressure and body temperature measurements need to be accurate for correct diagnosis and monitoring. Instruments based on new technologies may not give accurate measurements. This article considers the implications for healthcare professionals. The need for instruments to be traceably calibrated to national standards is ...

It is shown that certain double ratios introduced for computing semileptonic form factors are accurate to order l/m2Q, even when the action and current are accurate to order 1/mQ

Accurate measurement of moisture content is a prime requirement in hydrological, geophysical, and biogeochemical research as well as for material characterization and process control. Within these areas, accurate measurements of the surface area and bound water content is becoming increasingly impor...

Stds. (U.S.), 70B (Math. and Math. Phys.), No. 1, pp. 1-16,January-March, 1966. 7. Vinti, J. P., "Inclusion of the Third Zonal Harmonic in an Accurate ...

A pressure correction method for transient viscous incompressible flow is presented that is o(delta (t squared)) accurate in time. This accuracy is proved for a model scheme and shown for a numerical example. A practical application concludes the report.

Center for Adaptive Optics, and a research contract from Bausch and Lomb. ABSTRACT There is currently aberrations are corrected with an adaptive optics system. All these results suggest that many, though not all to accurately correct it with adaptive optics 3 have moved the wave aberration from an obscure academic concept

To accurately assess the dose equivalent indicated by the albedo response of a neutron personnel dosimeter, additional knowledge is generally required in order to apply the needed spectral specific correction factors. This work was designed to evaluate th...

The problems of correcting for counting-rate losses incurred by using detectors that can record only one event in the duration of the accelerator pulse are discussed. A method of accurately determining the dead-time losses in high counting rate situations...

in question, to use black and not to use pencil, will bias voters away from, for example, blue or red pens in A Center for Correct, Usable, Reliable, Auditable, and Transparent Elections (ACCURATE), a multi the scanners require a test prior to the election to make sure that the scanner will correctly tabulate ballots

In situ corrective action technologies are being proposed and installed at an increasing number of underground storage tank (LIST) sites contaminated with petroleum products in saturated and unsaturated zones. It is often difficult to accurately assess the performance of these sy...

scattering data. Table 1. Values of the Zemach radius and the Zemach corrections for selected #12;ts to proton, the best values of the proton charge radius currently come from small corrections accurately measured, is somewhat larger. The precision of the atomic measurement of the proton charge radius can increase markedly

Mar 7, 2002 ... Required ER-2 NDR Pressure Altitude Corrections; Effect of ... also require accurate pressure altitudes and outside air temperatures so the ...

A spirometric measurement device includes an arrangement for computation of a dynamic BTPS correction factor, varying in time according to variation of temperature of a flow sensor. The temperature of the flow sensor is accurately established by positioni...

This repprt is a republication of NASA-GSFC Document X-55 1-69-434, October 1. 5 . Abstract. The NASA Minitrack interferometer system is an accurate, ...

... query the DoD laboratory community or ... Transmission-corrected assays can accurately measure ... Passive neutron assay techniques are applied to ...

Develop accurate and efficient particle codes; Compare kinetic and MHD plasmas; Ultimately: �correct� MHD fields using kinetic plasma currents, charges ...

... Report Date : 02 MAR 2011. ... accurate detection of a cloud-shadow pair and a neighboring sunny region which has the same water properties as the ...

This paper discusses issues related to the use of hyperspectral sensors. Key issues for interpretation are spectral databases of natural backgrounds and military targets as well as the accurate calibration and atmospheric correction. A typical application...

... applied; a few points mapped more accurately with Trimble GPS units with differential correction. Only gates on ... ...

With the arrival of highly accurate multi-port pressure measurement systems, ... With multi-port pressure measurement systems, the sensing elements are ...

are used on everything from keeping accurate event times, the correct pressure of sports balls, and measuring competition distances. Learn how measurement plays a big part...

Coronal Image Processing The Accurate Depiction of Structure in Qualitative Images of the White Light Corona. Huw Morgan, Shadia Habbal, Richard Woo ...

Coronal Image Processing. The Accurate Depiction of Structure in Qualitative Images of the White Light Corona. Huw Morgan, Shadia Habbal, Richard Woo ...

... of riveted joints subjected to widespread fatigue damage (WFD), accurate stress and fracture analyses of corner and surface cracks at a rivet hole ...

Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Laser Ranging ... The required information about the water vapour distribution along the propagation path ...

... In order to make an accurate on wafer direct current (DC) measurement, it is ... High current semiconductor devices may draw currents of several ...

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging technique which provides important functional information about the human body. However, thoracic PET images are often substantially degraded by respiratory motion, which adversely impacts on subsequent diagnosis. In this paper, a motion correction and attenuation correction method is proposed to ...

For the density and kinetic energy density of 1d model finite systems the leading corrections to local approximations as a functional of the potential are derived using semiclassical methods. The corrections are simple, non-local functionals of the potential. Turning points produce quantum oscillations leading to energy corrections, ...

A technique to convert reflection elastic recoil detection analysis spectra to depth profiles, the channel-depth conversion, was introduced by Verda, et al [1]. But the channel-depth conversion does not correct for energy spread, the unwanted broadening in the energy of the spectra, which can lead to errors in depth profiling. A work in progress introduces a technique that ...

APS DFD 2001, November 20 (San Diego) [KQ.1] Lubrication-correction for many-particle systems) 350) Accurate formulation beyond FTS version (APS DFD 2000; KI, JFM in press) Lubrication-correction (APS DFD 2001) What is the lubrication-correction? a method to describe nearly touching particles

APS/DFD 2001, November 20 (San Diego) [KQ.1] Lubrication�correction for many�particle systems) 350) . Accurate formulation beyond FTS version (APS/DFD 2000; KI, JFM in press) . Lubrication�correction (APS/DFD 2001) What is the lubrication�correction? . a method to describe nearly touching particles

Simultaneous correction of attenuation and detector response was implemented in Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT) image reconstruction. The authors developed a ray-driven projector-backprotector which exactly models attenuation in the reconstructed image slice and the spatially variant detector response. The projector-backprotector was used in the iterative ...

U in UF sub 6 can be determined accurately provided the weight of sample is accurately and precisly known. This study provides a basis for setting the time of cooling the sample and the time of cooling the cover gas (nitrogen), the correction for air buoy...

A global Helmholtz function accurately representing the thermodynamic properties of isobutane-isopentane mixtures over a wide range of temperatures and pressures has been developed. The Helmholtz function has been used for the generation by computer of tables and charts of properties of interest to designers of power cycles. This Helmholtz function has also been extended to ...

Correct charge state assignment is crucial to assigning an accurate mass to supramolecular complexes analyzed by electrospray mass spectrometry. Conventional charge state assignment techniques fall short of reliably and unambiguously predicting the correct charge state for many supramolecular complexes. We provide an explanation of the ...

In this paper, we propose a three-phase text error correction model consisting of a word spacing error correction phase, a syllable-based spelling error correction phase, and a word-based spelling error correction phase. In order to reduce the text error correction complexity, the proposed ...

An improved ac superimposed method for measuring the electron energy distribution function (EEDF) with high accuracy is proposed. Although high amplitude of the superimposed ac voltage provides a higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), it causes the distortion in the EEDF. To correct the distortion, we used two different EEDFs measured by applying two different amplitudes. The ...

Any accurate information evaluation study is built upon log, core and well test database foundation. Editing data that will become the foundation is discussed in this part of the series. The basic and environmental corrections described herein, when performed correctly, will prevent the large errors described in this paper. This paper ...

This paper accounts for a new technique of correcting isolated words in typed texts. A language-dependent set of string substitutions reflects the surface form of errors that result from vocabulary incompetence, misspellings, or mistypings. Candidate corrections are formed by applying the substitutions to text words absent from the computer lexicon. A ...

Coulomb corrections for quasielastic scattering of electrons by nuclei are calculated using eikonal distorted waves. Corrections to the lowest-order eikonal approximation are included to obtain accurate results. Spin-dependent eikonal phase shifts are evaluated and they yield very small corrections to the ...

A narrow band level-set method to calculate the physical lighting time in three dimensions has been implemented with arbitrary hexahedral element systems. This method does not involve finite difference calculation of spatial derivatives. Mesh regularity, and the local topologic equivalence to a regular mesh are not required. The lighting surface is ...

The Compton profile of the neon atom is calculated from an accurate Kohn-Sham potential derived from accurate quantum Monte Carlo wave functions. Compared to the experiment, the results are better than the Hartree-Fock ones in the low-wave-vector region. This suggests that the systematic error in the Kohn-Sham formulation in momentum space is relatively ...

. For accurate pile-up corrections the behaviour of c(i) at low energy needs to be known quite accurately (since nuclei. If the beam energy is too high, the Coulomb barrier is exceeded and the scat- tering cross-section is no longer given by the analytical Rutherford expression, and as the beam energy decreases the screening eect

"The dictionary definitions of these two words do not clearly make the distinction as it is used in the science of measurement. Accurate means "capable of providing a correct reading or measurement." In physical science it means 'correct'. A measurement is accurate if it correctly reflects the ...

Isospin-mixing corrections for superallowed Fermi transitions in {ital fp}-shell nuclei are computed within the framework of the shell model. The study includes three nuclei that are part of the set of nine accurately measured transitions as well as five cases that are expected to be measured in the future at radioactive-beam facilities. We also include ...

A procedure used by the US National Bureau of Standards (NBS) for accurately determining the plane-wave receiving parameters of both single- and dual-port linearly polarized probes is described. Examples are presented, and the effect of these probe receiving characteristics in the calculation of the parameters for the antenna under test is demonstrated using the required ...

We analyze the effects of charged lepton corrections and renormalization group (RG) running on the low energy predictions of theories which accurately predict tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing at the high energy scale. In particular we focus on grand unified theory (GUT) inspired seesaw models with accurate tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing at ...

The vacuum-polarization correction (given by the expectation value of the Uehling potential) to the energies of the S states of muonic molecules is calculated using very accurate wave functions. The present results indicate that the values accepted so far in the literature for this correction had been underestimated by a factor of 2--8 ...

This paper describes the influence of accounting for inertia as sensible heat in laminar film boiling and condensation problems. The influence of sensible heat becomes increasingly important in the case of film boiling since the numerical value of the Jakob number is high enough to make the correction very important. This will make it possible to solve film boiling and ...

A procedure which allows verification of the implant working cast and a method to correct the position of one or more implant analogues, if necessary, is described. In a single procedure, a corrected, accurate cast with soft tissue profile can be obtained by using a polyether impression material in conjunction with an acrylic resin ...

Background: Because communication after the onset of aphasia can be fraught with errors, therapist corrections are pervasive in therapy for aphasia. Although corrections are designed to improve the accuracy of communication, some corrections can have social and emotional consequences during interactions. That is, exposure of errors can ...

Image change analysis will potentiate fundus feature quantitation in natural history and intervention studies for major blinding diseases such as age-related macular degeneration and diabetic retinopathy. Geometric and radiometric normalization of fundus images acquired at two points in time are required for accurate change detection, but existing methods are unsatisfactory ...

This study focused on the knowledge of six outstanding science students who solved an osmosis problem meaningfully. That is, they used appropriate and substantially accurate conceptual knowledge to generate an answer. Three generated a correct answer; three, an incorrect answer. This paper identifies both the accurate and inaccurate ...

We re-investigate the NICMOS count dependent non-linearity, using the flat field lamps to reach high count regimes. The NICMOS count dependent non-linearity has been previously quantified and is currently corrected in NICMOS pipeline. In this document we show that the count dependent correction is still accurate to within 1.2% of true ...

In the interior of a clear, cloudless, and optically thin atmosphere (0 0.8) the predictions of even the most accurate two-stream models can significantly deviate from exact calculations. A perturbation correction to the differential form of a particularly simple two-stream model (delta-function model) has been deduced in terms of error ...

A program of precise eclipsing binary photometry with the NASA Kepler Observatory is now in progress. Our goal is to search for variations in minimum light timing for intermediate mass eclipsing binaries. Such periodic variations will reveal the reflex motion caused by any distant, low mass object that orbits the close binary. Kepler's unprecedented ...

We are working on a program of precise photometry with the NASA Kepler Observatory to search for variations in minimum light timing for intermediate mass eclipsing binaries. Such periodic variations will reveal the reflex motion caused by any distant, low mass object that orbits the close binary. Kepler's unprecedented accuracy and continuous observations ...

The Space Borne Event Timer is a part of the NASA laser ranging system that is intended to operate aboard the Space Shuttle orbiting over California. The object is to measure, by laser ranging, the earth movement along the San Andreas fault and possibly forecast future earthquakes. A number of cube reflector targets will be placed along both sides of the fault. The ranging system aboard the Space ...

Precise navigation and positioning using GPS/GLONASS/Galileo require the ionospheric propagation errors to be accurately determined and corrected for. Current dual-frequency method of ionospheric correction ignores higher order ionospheric errors such as the second and third order ionospheric terms in the refractive index formula and ...

Accurate description of the aerodynamic and aerothermal environment is crucial to the integrated design and optimization for high performance hypersonic vehicles. In the simulation of aerothermal environment, the effect of viscosity is crucial. The turbulence modeling remains a major source of uncertainty in the computational prediction of aerodynamic forces and heating. In ...

The basic openhole responses and environmental correction algorithms for compensated neutron logging (CNL) tools have been updated. The improved processing is based on an extensive set of laboratory formation measurements to which mathematical modeling calculations have been added. In all, the new algorithms include basic responses for the three principal formation matrix ...

The basic openhole responses and environmental correction algorithms for CNL logs have been updated. The improved processing is based on an extensive set of laboratory formation measurements to which mathematical modeling calculations have been added. In all, the new algorithms include basic responses for the three principal formation matrix types and ...

Asymptotic expansion has been used to simplify the transport of high charge and energy ions for broad beam applications in the laboratory and space. The solution of the lowest order asymptotic term is then related to a Green's function for energy loss and straggling coupled to nuclear attenuation providing the lowest order term in a rapidly converging Neumann series for which higher order ...

Experimental techniques and correction procedures have been searched for, which allow a reliable and accurate determination of the structure factors of simple liquid metals, particularly in the small-angle region. A study of binary alloys was carried out ...

The correct identification of species is essential to the performance of ecological research. Morphology-based keys support accurate identification of many taxa. However, for taxa that are not well studied, or for which distinguishing morphological characters have not been discerned, identification ...

This study develops correction factors for currently used stress intensity factor equations to more accurately predict stress intensity factors for a corner-crack emanating from a hole as it transitions to a uniform through-the-thickness crack. These corr...

Available survey instruments do not have the beta measurement characteristics needed for accurate dose rate assessments. Such instruments have severe angular and energy dependence. In addition, beta measurements often require corrections for the source ge...

Galaxy clusters form via hierarchical growth from the surrounding large scale structures. The infalling groups and subclusters enrich, mix, and heat the intracluster gas. I will discuss the importance of correct physical description of the merging and substructure destruction processes for building more accurate cluster models.

To develop accurate methods of texture measurement in metallic materials by neutron diffraction, (100), (200), (111) and (310) pole figures were measured for the oriented silicon steel sheet. Correction methods for neutron absorption and extinction effect...

To develop accurate methods of texture measurement in metallic materials by neutron diffraction, (100),(200),(111) and (310) pole figures have been measured for the oriented silicon steel sheet, and currently study of correction methods for neutron absorp...

A Monte Carlo code has been developed to accurately simulate double-beta decay measurements. Coincident gamma rays, beta spectra, and angular correlations have been added to adequately simulate a complete (sup 100)Mo nuclear decay and provide corrections ...

correct; some omission or moderate distortion, but on the whole an accurate statement. I = incorrect; some or both as appropriate. Omission = This category mainly applies to items that were labeled "E", but may also #12;apply to "I" items. Circle this if there is some omission or loss of detail

Many times forests are planted on mountainous terrain. In this case the remotely sensed radiation at the LANDSAT sensor is highly dependent on the terrain slope, rendering difficult an accurate classification of the multispectral data. With a slope map de...

The accurate measurement of the concentration of a radioisotope in small structures with PET requires a correction for quantitation loss due to the partial volume effect and the effect of scattered radiation. To evaluate errors associated with measures in...

It was observed in the previous report that, whereas knowledgeable judges could not reliably or accurately estimate the average effects of simple documents on readers, they nevertheless appeared to rank them correctly on the scales of information, instruc...

The accurate diagnosis of malignant tumor type is essential to enable the correct therapeutic regimen to be followed and to predict a patient's prognosis. However, the differential diagnosis of small-round-cell tumors, represented by neuroblastoma, rhabdo...

This research project is directed at the application of the wave equation for the analysis of piles for structural adequacy during driving and load-bearing capacity. In order to obtain a correct and accurate solution of the wave equation for pile-driving ...

We provide a comprehensive discussion of the corrections needed to accurately measure the acceleration of gravity using a plane pendulum. A simple laboratory experiment is described in which g was determined to four significant figures of accuracy.

This manual provides an accessible store of information on pediatric imaging procedures, with clearly described techniques and instructions. The aim is to simplify the pediatric examination. Extensively illustrated, this work describes in detail correct positioning, radiation protection, and methods of immobilization. The concluding chapters clarify what is required in the ...

Correctly identifying the possible alteration products and accurately predicting their occurrence in a repository-relevant environment are the key for source-term calculations in a repository performance assessment. Uraninite in uranium deposits has long ...

, an accurate calculation of the solvent-accessible surface area (SASA), a geometric measure of this exposure-atom representation of the molecule. This manuscript introduces a series of four SASA approximations of increasing on these SASA approximations. Their ability to distinguish correctly from incorrectly folded protein models

A revision is made of Shutt's theory by using more accurate expressions describing the transport phenomena in the chamber. This leads to a new expression for the temperature gradient. The importance of the correction thus introduced depends upon the particular components of the binary mixture considered. (auth)

Surface bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) influences not only radiance just about the surface, but that emerging from the top of the atmosphere (TOA). In this study we propose a new, fast and accurate, algorithm CASBIR (correction for...

Processing of seismic data requires more and more sophisticated techniques as hydrocarbon plays get smaller and smaller. Depth migration, for example, depends on accurate velocity models of the subsurface to obtain correctly imaged depth sections or depth...

The REWSON project (PME-107) of the Naval Electronics Systems Command is concerned with obtaining maintenance information for its equipment in a timely and accurate manner. They want to identify and correct problems as they are developing rather than wait...

The transport of charged particle beams requires magnetic fields that must be shaped correctly and very accurately. During the last 20 years or so, many studies have been made, both analytically and through the use of computer programs, of various magneti...

... on amines with radical cations that underwent rapid decarboxylation, we estimated Eox by correcting the Ep from cyclic voltammetry with rate constants for decarboxylation obtained using laser flash photoly...

Dumped ammunition in lake and sea sediment is considered as an environmental problem. Consequently, accurate analytical methods for determination of explosives are needed for the correct assessment of distribution, transformation and effects in different ...

The paper considers problems dealing with statistical methods in reactor physical experiment theory. The problems are as follows: more accurate determination of constant values on the basis of the experiment carried out, and determination of corrections p...

An accurate estimate of coal under Federal lease, and information on lessee development plans is essential for supporting coal leasing policy decisions. Better estimates are needed to relate Interior leasing with the administration's goal of increasing do...

Two commercially available biochemical test identification systems were evaluated for their ability to accurately identify species of the genus Escherichia. Three separate laboratories participated in the study. The test kits did not always correctly iden...

The detection of Rickettsia akari in 2 human patients increased the diversity of rickettsioses affecting the public health in the southeast of Mexico. Rickettsialpox should be considered in the differential diagnosis with other febrile illnesses for the correct diagnosis and accurate treatment of this potential threat to human health.

Tutorial on how the Global Positioning System (GPS) works. Topics include: triangulation from satellites, measuring distance from a satellite, accurate timing, satellite positions, correction of errors in signal transmission, and differential GPS.

Accurate wavelength calibration of imaging spectrometer data is essential if proper atmospheric transmission corrections are to be made to obtain apparent surface reflectance. Accuracies of 0.1 nm are necessary for a 10 nm-sampling instrument in order to ...

Electron temperatures of compact gaseous nebulae such as planetaries may be derived from radio-frequency data combined with isophotic contours accurately corrected for resolution effects, from the continuum jump at the Balmer limit and other features of t...

To accurately measure pulse amplitude, shape, and relative time histories of optical signals with an optical streak camera, it is necessary to correct each recorded image for spatially-dependent gain nonuniformity and geometric distortion. Gain nonuniform...

The accurate measurement of tritium in urine in the form of tritiated water (HTO) as well as in organic forms (organically bound tritium (OBT)) is an essential step in assessing tritium exposures correctly. Exchange between HTO and OBT, arising intrinsica...

Scalar value estimation in 3D medical imaging increases data resolution for enhanced renditions and corrects inaccurate surface formations. Accurate estimations are vital because clinical assessment is often aided by examination of 3D medical images. This...

The author has identified the following significant results. Snowlines on a small (6 sq km) drainage basin were accurately measured without use of digital processing, and snow patches as small as 150 m (maximum dimension) were correctly identified, provin...

With the arrival of highly accurate multi-port pressure measurement systems, conditions that previously did not affect overall system accuracy must now be scrutinized closely. Errors caused by elevation differences between pressure sensing elements and mo...

Historically, two-dimensional airfoil or hydrofoil section characteristics have been obtained by measuring individually the lift, drag and pitching moment by the most accurate technique available. The use of force balances to measure the three quantities ...

The Department of Defense does not have adequate control over foreign military sales accounting. As a result, it could not provide foreign governments with an accurate accounting for their funds deposited in trust accounts. Also, Defense could not determi...

A large mobile robot was used as a platform for research in continuous localization and path planning. Continuous localization is a technique that allows a robot to maintain an accurate estimate of its location by performing regular, small corrections to ...

Federal legislation requires that all meat and poultry products sold for human consumption be inspected to ensure that they are safe, wholesome, and accurately labeled. GAO noted that Florida recently implemented several changes designed to make its progr...

Two new expressions for the pH of saturation (pH subs) were derived. One is a simplified equation developed from an aqueous carbonate equilibrium system in which correction for ionic strength was considered. The other is a more accurate quadratic formula that involves computerize...

This report contains the techniques to develop accurate wind compensation for unguided vehicles. This work was performed by Space Systems Incorporated in conjunction with the Air Force Weapons Laboratory as a requirement for a new sounding rocket named th...

Remotely sensed ground reflectance is the foundation of any interoperability or change detection technique. Satellite intercomparisons and accurate vegetation indices, such as the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), require the generation of ac...

This paper describes and analyzes a dithering technique for accurately specifying small values of opacity that would normally not be possible because of the limited number of bits available in the alpha channel of graphics hardware. This dithering techniq...

We consider the solution of scattering problems for the wave equation using approximate boundary conditions at artificial boundaries. These conditions are explicitly viewed as approximations to an exact boundary condition satisfied by the solution on the ...

A single crystal method of lattice constant determination is presented in which several errors are minimized or corrections computed. The measurement is based on Bond's methods. Because the values of the lattice parameters of GGG substrates and substitute...

... clay effect in order to more accurately estimate gas hydrate saturations. This study utilizes the fact that the ... to apply the method to low-porosity reservoirs. Gas-hydrate-bearing sediments generally...

A design for a solar coronagraph substantially free from chromatic image defects is presented. This design features a Mangin mirror used as both a color correcting element and a collimating lens to achieve accurate achromatic performance with good imaging properties. A computer evaluation is also presented. PMID:20076338

...procedures to prevent, detect, contain, and correct security violations. (ii) Implementation specifications: (A) Risk analysis (Required). Conduct an accurate and thorough assessment of the potential risks and vulnerabilities to the...

... Public Health CENTERS FOR MEDICARE & MEDICAID...operation for testing patient specimens in a manner...accurate and reliable patient test results and reports. ...acceptability. All patient test results obtained in the...

Reliable estimates of the seismic source spectrum are necessary for accurate magnitude, yield, and energy estimation. In particular, how seismic radiated energy scales with increasing earthquake size has been the focus of recent debate within the communit...

...be accurate to within ±1 decibel. If the calibration is of the pressure type or of the piston-phone plus electrostatic actuator type, it shall be corrected to free-field conditions in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. (2)...

... Title : (M-CAT) Minor Caliber Weapons Trainer MK-19, 40mm Machine Gun. ... M-CAT accurately simulates both trajectory and lead for correct scoring. ...

There are a variety of reasons to reconstruct the sequences of ancient proteins, but whatever the reason, the value of the reconstructed protein depends on the accuracy with which the ancient sequence is inferred. This study uses sequences simulated by a sequence-evolution simulation program that compares parsimony, maximum likelihood, and the Bayesian methods of inferring ancestral sequences and ...

A closed-form finite conductivity correction factor for the ideal Casimir force is proposed, based on exponential basis functions. Our method can facilitate experimental verifications of theories in the study of the Casimir force. A theoretical analysis is given to explain why our method is accurate at both large and small separation gaps. Numerical ...

A global Helmholtz function accurately representing the thermodynamic properties of isobutane-isopentane mixtures over a wide range of temperatures and pressures has been developed. The Helmholtz function has been used for the generation by computer of tables and charts of properties of interest to designers of power cycles. This Helmholtz function has also been extended to ...

In this study, the method for achieving precise CD MTT (critical dimension mean to target) in manufacturing attenuated PSM (phase shift mask) was investigated. As the specification for photomask becomes tighter, more precise control of CD is required. There are several causes to result in CD MTT error. In general mask patterning processes which are from blank material to dry etch, it is difficult ...

Numerous water relation studies have used thermocouple hygrometers routinely. However, the accurate temperature correction of hygrometer calibration curve slopes seems to have been largely neglected in both psychrometric and dewpoint techniques.In the case of thermocouple psychrometers, two temperature correction models are proposed, ...

Problems associated with the application of topographic corrections to deep-ocean marine seismic data are described. Synthetic travel time data are used to show that corrections for the delay time introduced by the water column are inferior to corrections for the true water path. Water path corrections place the ...

of accurate and dense measurements provided by laser rangefind- ers to correctly localize the robot techniques for SLAM rely on the use of accurate and dense measurements provided by laser rangefinders than laser rangefinders (which have become the de facto range sensors for SLAM). Despite the difficulty

It is shown that certain double ratios introduced for computing semileptonic form factors are accurate to order 1/m{sub Q}{sup 2}, even when the action and current are accurate to order 1/m{sub Q}.

It is shown that the standard reduced order model of the induction machine, as it is incorporated into transient stability programs, cannot be used to predict accurately the terminal voltage of large horsepower induction machines during isolated operation. It is further shown that by proper application of the theory of neglecting electric transients, an ...

It soon may be possible to quickly, accurately, and economically locate the position of subsurface fire and steam flood fronts whenever desired. Accurate knowledge of the position of a thermal flood front will allow operators to maintain close control of a project, and even compensate for unexpected reservoir events or conditions which might be detrimental ...

Terahertz spectroscopic measurements are usually performed in focused beam geometry while the standard routine for the retrieval of the sample refractive index assumes plane-wave approximation. In this paper we propose a model for the transmission function which accounts for spatially limited Gaussian terahertz beams. We demonstrate experimentally its validity and applicability for an ...

for each arrival flight as early as possible. It is also important to have an accurate route building/trajectory have both the correct information on arrival runway assignments, and the accurate trajectory modeling capability. The SMS employs simple methods for runway assignment and arrival trajectory modeling, and often

Several areas related to the successful and accurate application of modified line reversal are discussed. Initially, generalized modified line reversal equations are developed. A review of basic line reversal theory is presented followed by development of correction factors for optical system effects. Image size and their effect on ...

A complete system of the B-spline solutions for the Dirac equation with the parity-nonconserving (PNC) weak-interaction effective potential is obtained. This system can be used for the accurate evaluation of the radiative corrections to the PNC amplitudes in the multicharged ions and neutral atoms. The use of the scaling procedure allows for the evaluation ...

As the specification for photomask becomes tighter, it is strongly demanded for achieving precise CD MTT (critical dimension mean to target) and enhanced defect controllability in photomask fabrication. First of all, it is necessary that reducing the factors of CD MTT error and introducing the reliable method to correct CD error for accurate CD requirement ...

A method to accurately parallax-correct tracking data is needed at the Tonopah Test Range which can be executed by a minicomputer in a very short time. Spherical transformation equations were developed that give very accurate results when adapted to a given region on the earth's surface. These calculations will run very fast ...

An accurate description of a radially polarized fundamental Gaussian beam is presented on the basis of complex-source-point spherical waves (CSPSWs). In contrast to other descriptions based on the perturbative Lax series, the expressions for the electromagnetic field components of this description have explicit and simple mathematical forms. Numerical calculations show that ...

The aim of this research was to distinguish as accurately as possible between two mechanisms behind a half-daily variation in detected numbers of neutrons and mesons in the secondary cosmic ray particles at sea level. These two mechanisms are due to air p...

The differential Lie algebraic numerical library, Zlib has been linked to Teapot, the accelerator simulator code. This makes possible the use of the operational correction features of Teapot to produce a corrected lattice, and then choose either map or thin element-by-element tracking for tracking studies. Thin-element tracking is more ...

A generalized theory of Auger electron transfer processes in the interaction of ions with metal surfaces, including the previously ignored role of d electrons is presented. It is shown that a correct and accurate description of Auger neutralization has to account for the contribution of d electrons, as this is illustrated on the case of He{sup +} ion ...

In a computerised tomographic (Cat) x-ray apparatus passage of the radiation through high absorption (Bone) regions can change a characteristic of the radiation, such as its frequency spectrum. This can introduce error into the final representation. Correction is provided by computing a first representation, identifying areas of bone and then determining ...

The LHC aperture imposes a tight tolerance of 20% on the maximum acceptable beta-beat in the machine. An accurate knowledge of the transfer functions for the individually powered insertion quadrupoles and techniques to compensate beta-beat are key prerequisites for successful operation with high intensity beams. They perform realistic simulations to identify quadrupole errors ...

Corrections to atomic energy levels due to nuclear structure effects are discussed. These are the finite nuclear size combined with relativistic and recoil corrections, and the nuclear polarizability. Good understanding of these effects is necessary for interpretation of high-precision measurements of the isotope shifts with neutron-rich nuclei 6,8He, 11Li ...

A procedure was proposed for correcting load graphs based on the simulation of the mean quadratic load graph during the calculation period. A comparison of energy losses found by accurate computation, by simulation of average load, and by simulation of mean quadratic load was presented. The proposed algorithm allowed a reduction in error of the loss ...

nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping assays are now very accurate, the errors that remain tend to cluster- separated clusters with genotypes apparently correctly-called (Figure 2a). For example, for 50 JPT+CHB SNPs of clustering the genotypes. In each case the LD-based method successfully identifies and corrects most

Errors in Hellmann-Feynman forces due to occupation-number broadening and how they can be corrected structures, total energies, and forces, it is convenient and often even necessary to employ a broadening-consistency. However, such a broadening may lead to an error in the calculation of the forces. Accurate forces

The sixth-order accurate phase error flux-corrected transport numerical algorithm is introduced, and used to simulate Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Linear growth rates of the simulation agree with the linear theories of Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. It indicates the validity and accuracy of this simulation method. The method also has good capturing ability ...

The U.S. Census Bureau (Bureau) conducted the Count Question Resolution (CQR) program to correct errors in the count of housing units as well as dormitories and other group living facilities known as group quarters. GAO was asked to assess whether CQR was...

The authors would like to make the following correction in the above mentioned published article. In the Experimental Methods section, the original manuscript described an activation strategy for the pyrolyzed materials that was not accurate. The correct condition for activation was 800C for 45 m...

Rules which must be applied when connecting voltmeters, especially modern digital voltmeters and analog to digital converters, in order to obtain accurate measurement results are reviewed, error sources analyzed, and methods of error prevention discussed....

Conserving approximations are applied to the attractive Holstein and Hubbard models (on an infinite-dimensional hypercubic lattice). All effects of nonconstant density of states and vertex corrections are taken into account in the weak-coupling regime. Infinite summation of certain classes of diagrams turns out to be a quantitatively less accurate ...

The Bending Corrected Rotating Linear Model (BCRLM), developed by Hayes and Walker, is a simple approximation to the true multidimensional scattering problem for reaction of the type: A + BC (yields) AB + C. While the BCRLM method is simpler than methods ...

Ectopia lentis may cause a reduction in visual acuity, which varies with the type and degree of dislocation and the presence of other ocular abnormalities. Retinoscopy may reveal a significant refractive error, usually myopia and astigmatism. Occasionally, an accurate refraction may be difficult because of tilting or dislocation of the lens. If aphakic refraction improves ...

Fluorescence intensity measurements have the potential to facilitate the diagnoses of many pathological conditions. However, accurate interpretation of the measurements is complicated by the distorting effects of tissue scattering and absorption. Consequently, different techniques have been developed to attempt to compensate for these effects. This paper reviews currently ...

A three-dimensional lattice-Boltzmann model which yields correct hydro-dynamics at the Navier Stokes level of the Chapman Enskog expansion requires a minimum of 26 velocities. We present results for a model with one additional velocity, determined by maximizing the equilibrium entropy. For compressible Rayleigh-Benard convection the model is more accurate ...

Refractometry provides the ophthalmologist with the prescription that has the most plus power with the best vision. This eliminates the need for the patient accommodating to achieve clear vision at distance. Flowcharts, of the refractometry process, help the refractionist use standard procedures to accurately arrive at the correct baseline prescription for ...

Automatic segmentation of the cerebral cortex from magnetic resonance brain images is a valuable tool for neuroscience research. Due to the presence of noise, intensity non-uniformity, partial volume effects, the limited resolution of MRI and the highly convoluted shape of the cerebral cortex, segmenting the brain in a robust, accurate and topologically ...

Silicon photovoltaic sensors are an inexpensive alternative to standard thermopile sensors for the measurement of solar radiation. However, their temperature and spectral response render them less accurate for global horizontal irradiance and unsuitable for direct beam and diffuse horizontal irradiance unless they can be reliably corrected. A ...

Source distribution dependent scatter correction methods which incorporate different amounts of information about the source position and material distribution have been developed and tested. The techniques use image to projection integral transformation incorporating varying degrees of information on the distribution of scattering material, or convolution subtraction methods, ...

We discuss the use of the water vapour radiometry technique for atmospheric phase correction as applied to the Atacama Large Millimetre Array (ALMA). The atmospheric conditions derived from site test instrumentation are summarised, and the nature of the phase correction problem quantified. We then present calculations of the expected errors in the ...

Radar is a critical tool for maintaining knowledge of the many objects in low Earth orbit and thus for maintaining confidence that societies around the world are secure against a variety of space-based threats. It is therefore important to raise awareness that LEO objects are embedded in the envelope of relatively dense plasma that co-rotates with the Earth (ionosphere-plasmasphere system) and ...

AIM: The motion of the head during brain positron emission tomography (PET) acquisitions has been identified as a source of artifact in the reconstructed image. In this study, a method is described to develop an image-based motion correction technique for correcting the post-acquisition data without using external optical ...

A Kalman filter based method for the correction of spectral response shifts in overlapped fluorescence spectra of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) has been developed. An iterative approach is shown to correct spectral response shifts of PAHs in methanol, acetonitrile, and tetrahydrofuran hydro-organic solvent mixtures. It is also shown that ...

Effective scatter correction techniques are required to account for errors due to high scatter fraction seen in positron volume imaging (PVI). To be effective, the correction techniques must be accurate and practical, but they also must not add excessively to the statistical noise in the image. The authors have investigated the noise ...

We developed a simplified and highly accurate method for correcting contaminant concentrations in eggs for the moisture that is lost from an egg during incubation. To make the correction, one injects water into the air cell of the egg until overflowing. The amount of water injected corrects almost perfectly for the ...

Phase-contrast (PC) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) flow measurements suffer from the effect of the point spread function (PSF) due to the limited sampling of k-space. The PSF, which in this case is a sinc function, deforms the flow profile and forms a ringing pattern around the vessel. In this work, an empirical method is presented that corrects for errors due to the ...

The diagnosis of aortopulmonary window may be problematical. In 7 patients who had undergone operative closure of an aortopulmonary window the diagnostic and operative techniques, the operative findings, and the postoperative course were retrospectively determined. It appeared that the diagnosis is difficult and that cardiac catheterization with angiocardiography is the most ...

Statistical physics is employed to evaluate the performance of error-correcting codes in the case of finite message length for an ensemble of Gallager's error correcting codes. We follow Gallager's approach of upper bounding the average decoding error rate, but invoke the replica method to reproduce the tightest general bound to date, and to improve on the ...

For mercury-cadmium-telluride detectors, frequently used in Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, the recorded signal is a nonlinear function of the light intensity. This behavior depends on a series resistor in the electronic circuit and thus the illumination of the detector. This nonlinearity must be accounted for to avoid spectroscopic errors. The results of theoretically calculating the effect ...

Recognition of alar rim deformities is an important component of the preoperative analysis of the nose. Correction of these deformities improves the esthetic balance of the nose and has an added benefit of improving the function of the external nasal valve. Classification systems have been proposed to enable surgeons to more accurately diagnose alar ...

In order to investigate the remarkable intensity variations such as decrease, increase, and latitude effects the pressure correction of the nucleonic component in the secondary cosmic radiation ought to be the correction in the logarithmic representation. If the natural logarithm of the counting rate is used, it is not necessary to worry about the ...

Traditional methods for correcting for the presence of tissue inhomogeneities may produce errors as great as 10% at points within or close to the inhomogeneity. A more accurate method is presented which employs tissue--air ratios raised to some power dependent on the relative electron densities of the inhomogeneities involved. ...

For accurate determination of analyte concentration, on must take into account the effect of proton energy decrease and as a consequence a change in ionization cross sections as rthe beam penetrates the sample. Further one must also correct for matrix eff...

The lack of published details regarding the origin and derivation of the two existing pressure-gradient correlations prompted experimenters to set up a laboratory apparatus and experimental system to define a more accurate liquid-gradient correction factor by checking the predicted values of the annular fluid gradient. After the resulting laboratory data ...

This paper presents an improved method of calibrating hot-film X-probes in incompressible flow. The yaw response of a hot-film X-probe was investigated for different velocities and found to be strongly velocity dependent at low velocities. A simple relation was developed to correct for the variation of yaw response at low velocities. The method using the yaw ...

The beam direction is one of the important items of headlamp detection, but lots of internal detection machines can not give it an accurate detection. This article analyses the factors which affect the detection result, then gives a new accurate solution. It uses an automobile position fixing system and data correction algorithm. ...

We have performed an assessment of the Hartree-Fock perturbative correction (HFPC) on a large and diverse set of molecules and reactions. Errors in both absolute and reaction energies with respect to converged secondary basis Hartree-Fock results are reported for a wide spectrum of primary/secondary basis set combinations. These results show that using an adequate primary ...

We have performed an assessment of the Hartree-Fock perturbative correction (HFPC) on a large and diverse set of molecules and reactions. Errors in both absolute and reaction energies with respect to converged secondary basis Hartree-Fock results are reported for a wide spectrum of primary/secondary basis set combinations. These results show that using an adequate primary ...

Current algorithms for quantifying peptide identification confidence in the accurate mass and time (AMT) tag approach assume that the AMT tags themselves have been correctly identified. However, there is uncertainty in the identification of AMT tags, because this is based on matching LC-MS/MS fragmentation spectra to peptide sequences. In this paper, we ...

The range of validity of perturbative calculations of relativistic sum rules is investigated by calculating the second-order relativistic corrections to the Bethe sum rule and its small momentum limit, the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn (TRK) sum rule. For the TRK sum rule and atomic systems, the second-order correction is found to be less than 0.5% up to about Z=70. ...

PurposeTo correct eddy-current artifacts in diffusion tensor (DT) images without the need to obtain auxiliary scans for the sole purpose of correction.Materials and MethodsDT images are susceptible to distortions caused by eddy currents induced by large diffusion gradients. We propose a new postacquisition correction algorithm that ...

Memory for visual objects, although typically highly accurate, can be distorted, especially in older adults. Here we asked whether also erroneous identifications of visual objects subsequently corrected and replaced by a correct identification might induce false recognitions, and whether this is more likely to occur in older people. ...