The analysis of targeted genetic loci from ancient, forensic and clinical samples is usually built upon polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-generated sequence data. However, many studies have shown that PCR amplification from poor-quality DNA templates can create sequence artefacts at significant levels. With hominin (human and other hominid) samples, the pervasive presence of highly PCR-amplifiable ...

... described that aid in handling cultures of fungi more accurately ... makes possible accurate quantitative measurements of lineal fungus growth rate or ...

Advances in next-generation sequencing technology have facilitated the discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Sequenom-based SNP-typing assays were developed for 1359 maize SNPs identified via comparative next-generation transcriptomic sequencing. Approximately 75% of these SNPs were successfully converted into genetic markers that can be scored reliably and used ...

The issue of errors in genetic data sets is of growing concern, particularly in population genetics where whole genome mtDNA sequence data is coming under increased scrutiny. Multiplexed PCR reactions, combined with SNP typing, are currently under-exploited in this context, but have the potential to genotype whole populations rapidly and ...

The issue of errors in genetic data sets is of growing concern, particularly in population genetics where whole genome mtDNA sequence data is coming under increased scrutiny. Multiplexed PCR reactions, combined with SNP typing, are currently under-exploited in this context, but have the potential to genotype whole populations rapidly and ...

The capability of models and theories to accurately predict and describe the behavior of low gravity

... work will be required to obtain accurate quantitative values of the electron density and collision frequency for a microwave discharge in hydrogen in ...

... Accession Number : ADA187481. Title : Mass Spectral Investigations on Toxins. 7. Detection and Accurate Quantitation ...

... simple, accurate diatnostic assays for schistosomiasis. ... schistosomal infection by assay of patients ... response; (2) a quantitative assay of antigenemia ...

... the containers must be labeled, assayed, and certified ... An accurate nondestructive assay method would ... and provide a quantitative measurement ...

To monitor changes in Bordetella pertussis populations, mainly two typing methods are used; Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE) and Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis (MLVA). In this study, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing method, based on 87 SNPs, was developed and compared with PFGE and MLVA. The discriminatory indices ...

We describe a simple and inexpensive single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing method, using DNA photoligation with 5-carboxyvinyl-2'-deoxyuridine and two fluorophores. This SNP-typing method facilitates qualitative determination of genes from indica and japonica rice, and showed a high degree of single nucleotide specificity up to 10 000. This method ...

Well characterized, highly crystalline standard materials are essential for accurate quantitative x-ray powder diffraction work. Synthetic cristobalite powder was certified as a Standard Reference Material for quantitative x-ray diffraction analysis of cr...

While airborne particulates like diesel exhaust particulates (DEP) exert significant toxicological effects on lungs, quantitative estimation of accumulation of DEP inside lung cells has not been reported due to a lack of an accurate and quantitative technique for this purpose. I...

Robust assessment of genetic effects on quantitative traits or complex-disease risk requires synthesis of evidence from multiple studies. Frequently, studies have genotyped partially overlapping sets of SNPs within a gene or region of interest, hampering attempts to combine all the available data. By using the example of C-reactive protein (CRP) as a ...

Genomewide association scan (GWAS) data mining has found moderate-effect "gold nugget" complex trait genes. But for many traits, much of the explanatory variance may be truly polygenic, more like gold dust, whose small marginal effects are undetectable by traditional methods. Yet, their collective effects may be quite important in advancing personalized medicine. We consider a novel approach to ...

most to least relevant, with the "linked from" citation displayed first. Cited in PMC Full-text articles in the PubMed Central Database that cite the current articles. Recent...

/genetics* Postmortem Changes* Sequence Analysis, DNA Siberia LinkOut - more resources Full Text Sources Springer EBSCO OhioLINK Electronic Journal Center ProQuest Information...

Chromosome 6 Position = 36x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT06_36M 1 A T T T T T T T T T A A T T A A T T A X T T T T T A A A A A A A A A T T A A A T A T T A A A A T T T A T T A T T A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TCTGAAATAA TGCATTGAGG TGTGATTATC

Chromosome 4 Position = 106x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT04_106M 1 A T T A T T A A A A A A T A A A X A A X T T A A A A A A A A A T A T A T T T T A T A A A A A A A T A T A T A A A T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). AGCAAAAGTA AGTTACAGCT CCACACTGCT

Chromosome 14 Position = 50x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT14_50M 1 A T T A T T T T T T A A A T T T X A A T T T T A T T A A A T T T T A T T A A A T A T A T T T T T T T T T T T A A T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGTCCAGTGT TCATGAGTAA AGTTGTATTG

Chromosome 13 Position = 96x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT13_96C 1 A T T T T T X T T T A A T T T T T A T T T T T T T A A A A T T T T T T T T T T T T T A T T A T T T T T T T T T T A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). ACCCTCTCTT CTTCAAAAAA CCATAGGATA

Chromosome 12 Position = 25x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT12_25M 1 T A A A A A A A A A T T A A A A A A A T A A A A A T T A A A A A A T A X A T T A T A A A A A A A A A T A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TCACAGGGTT CAGAGCTTAG TAAGGTTTTT

Chromosome 11 Position = 72x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT11_72M 1 A T T T T T A A A A A A T A A A A A T A T T A T A A A A T T T A X A T X T A A A A A A A A T A A T A A A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CCTTCTCCAG ACCATCACTT CATTTTCTGG

. Hybe 20 hours. Loading the Array Put a 200 �l filter tip in one of the septa as an air release. Pipet the other septum and slowly pipet to fill. Withdraw the tip. You should have a bubble in the array chamber

and coastal floods and flash floods. CI-FLOW provides resource managers with data fundamental to ecosystem more accurate and timely warnings for flash floods, the number one severe weather threat to human life's needs by developing methods to monitor and predict floods and flash floods. Accurate quantitative

To more accurately measure fluorescent signals from microarrays, we calibrated our acquisition and analysis systems by using groundtruth samples comprised of known quantities of red and green gene-specific DNA probes hybridized to cDNA targets. We imaged ...

BackgroundWGA (Whole Genome Amplification) in forensic genetics can eliminate the technical limitations arising from low amounts of genomic DNA (gDNA). However, it has not been used to date because any amplification bias generated may complicate the interpretation of results. Our aim in this paper was to assess the applicability of MDA to forensic SNP genotyping by performing a comparative ...

There are at present no objective methods available to medical personnel to quantitatively characterize the depth of burns or to accurately estimate the time required for healing. This information is crucial in the early stages of burn care since it deter...

... accurately predicts the theoretical energies for the b1Σ+ ... h corresponding to a molecular transition with an energy difference �E=Ei�Ek between the ...

of comparison and regression analysis, aerosol retrievals are much more accurate over ocean than over land. Analysis of MODIS full regional AOT averages ...

one to monitor soil moisture over a wide range of vegetation conditions. Several ... moisture accurately in the upper 5 cm of the soil when the surfaces are bare ...

... to develop advanced methods and apparatus for an accurate quantitative in-service identification and characterization of wire rope defects using ...

... tackle the subject of population viability analysis, or PVA, in their book, Quantitative Conservation Biology. In fact, ... accurate descriptor of its contents�the book covers PVA and the estimation of de...

... A GCIEC analytical method was developed to quantitate bis- (trif luoromethyl)disulf ide accurately in exhaled air of exposed animals. ...

... Abstract : A GC/EC analytical method was developed to quantitate bis- (trifluoromethyl)disulfide accurately in exhaled air of exposed animals. ...

... Accurate project cost estimates early in the planning and design processes can also serve as a cost-control measure to assist in managing the ...

Quantitative Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) requires an accurate measurement of the Auger current. In the application of AES to surface studies, Auger transitions are usually generated by electron bombardment and the Auger electron currents produced ar...

We have established conditions for the quantitation of DNA hybridization by reading dot blot autoradiographs with a microwell plate densitometer. This method is more convenient, as accurate, and more sensitive than counting the spots in a liquid scintillation counter.

The capability of models and theories to accurately predict and describe the behavior of low gravity flames can only be verified by quantitative measurements. Although video imaging, simple temperature measurements, and velocimetry methods have provided u...

The accurate measurement of the concentration of a radioisotope in small structures with PET requires a correction for quantitation loss due to the partial volume effect and the effect of scattered radiation. To evaluate errors associated with measures in...

An indirect hemagglutination method has been divised for the quantitation of antibody to pneumococcal polysaccharide. The method has been found to be simple, accurate, reproducible, rapid and inexpensive. Large number of serums can be assayed and serum an...

Enterococci are frequently monitored in water samples as indicators of fecal pollution. Attention is now shifting from culture based methods for enumerating these organisms to more rapid molecular methods such as QPCR. Accurate quantitative analyses by this method requires highly...

The computerized Tomography (CT) is a method of nondestructive testing, that furnish quantitative information, that permit the detection and accurate localization of defects, internal dimension measurement, and, measurement and chart of the density distri...

The use of XPS data for accurate elemental quantitation requires that the transmission function of the electron spectrometer be known. Often the dependent on electron kinetic energy (E sub k) and spectrometer pass energy (Ea) are treated as separable func...

Gel electrophoresis is one of the most powerful and widely used methods for the separation of DNA. During the last decade, instruments have been developed that accurately quantitate in digital form the distribution of materials in a gel or on a blot prepa...

Quantitative extrapolation of toxicity data from animals to humans will allow more accurate assessments of human health risks. The overall objective of this investigation is to provide the tissue sensitivity data necessary to extrapolate quantitatively th...

Quantitative extrapolation of toxicity data from animals to humans will allow more accurate assessments of human health risks. he overall objective off this investigation is to provide the tissue sensitivity data necessary to extrapolate quantitatively the toxic effects of inhale...

Conservation and nutrient management planners need an assessment tool to accurately predict phosphorus (P) loss from agricultural lands. Available tools are either qualitative indices with limited capability to quantify offsite water quality impacts or prohibitively complex quantitative process-bas...

A method was developed to quantitatively analyze mixtures of the silver oxides and silver metal such as occur in the silver oxide cathode of primary and secondary alkaline silver-zinc batteries. The detailed procedure is given and data verifying its accur...

Aiming to detect individuals of Native American maternal or paternal ancestry a rapid screening approach has been developed. Its strategy was based on SNP typing by Real Time PCR (rt-PCR) followed by High Resolution Melting analysis (HRM). After extraction, DNA was quantitated by rt-PCR using commercial kits; samples were then ...

Candida grows on devices producing treatment resistant biofilms. A key tool for the study of biofilms includes an accurate assessment of viable cell growth. This study systematically tested seven techniques, among which the XTT assay provided the most reproducible, accurate, and efficient method for the quantitative estimation of C. ...

There has been much recent interest in quantitative interpretation of 201thallium myocardial imaging. Quantitative analysis can be used as an aid in the more accurate interpretation of myocardial scans. Quantitative analysis is essential to extract information about the kinetics of thallium redistribution. This ...

Undergraduate science majors need practice in critical thinking, quantitative analysis, and judging whether their calculated answers are physically reasonable. Develops exercises using handheld Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers. Reinforces students' abilities to think quantitatively, make realistic "back of the envelope" assumptions, and determine ...

Contents: Special Issue: Accuracy Barriers of Quantitative Electron Beam X-Ray Microanalysis; Uncertainty in Quantitative Electron Probe Microanalysis; Accurate Cross Sections for Microanalysis; Optimization of Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Spectrometery An...

Molecular typing methods based on polymorphisms in single nucleotides and short tandem repeat motifs have been developed as epidemiological typing tools for Mycobacterium leprae. We have used a variable number tandem repeat method based on three variable loci to identify strain variation in archaeological cases of lepromatous leprosy. The panel of polymorphic loci used revealed unique profiles in ...

We have developed a multiplex, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing system for forensic identification, based on the Invader assay. Using this system, fluorescence data for 21 SNP loci were collected and analyzed. We used endpoint genotyping, commonly used with the Invader assay, and also developed more reliable typing criteria because endpoint ...

To more accurately measure fluorescent signals from microarrays, we calibrated our acquisition and analysis systems by using groundtruth samples comprised of known quantities of red and green gene-specific DNA probes hybridized to cDNA targets. We imaged the slides with a full-field, white light CCD imager and analyzed them with our custom analysis software. Here we compare, ...

To more accurately measure fluorescent signals from microarrays, we calibrated our acquisition and analysis systems by using groundtruth samples comprised of known quantities of red and green gene-specific DNA probes hybridized to cDNA targets. We imaged the slides with a full-field, white light CCD imager and analyzed them with our custom analysis software. Here we compare, ...

Optimal management of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease requires accurate quantitation of viral RNA concentrations in plasma. Evidence for increasing geographic intermixing of HIV-1 subtypes makes equivalent quantitation of all subtypes essential. The performances of six quantitative viral RNA ...

Quantitative electron tomography is proposed to characterize porous materials at a nanoscale. To achieve reliable three-dimensional (3D) quantitative information, the influence of missing wedge artifacts and segmentation methods is investigated. We are presenting the "Discrete Algebraic Reconstruction Algorithm" as the most adequate tomography method to ...

The quantitative measurement of regional ventilation and perfusion distribution is simply and reliably accomplished by using routinely available radioactive gas and perfusion lung scanning agents, and a large field-of-view gamma camera with an on-line computer. The preoperative prediction of postsurgical loss in lung function can be made accurately by ...

The quantitative measurement of regional ventilation and perfusion distribution is simply and reliably accomplished by using routinely available radioactive gas and perfusion lung scanning agents, and a large field-of-view gamma camera with an on-line computer. The preoperative prediction of postsurgical loss in lung function can be made accurately by ...

Quantitation of desmosine and isodesmosine, the major crosslinks in elastin, has been of interest because of their uniqueness and use as markers of that protein. Accurate measurement of these crosslinks may allow determination of elastin degradation in vivo and elastin content in tissues, obviating lengthy extraction procedures. We have developed a method ...

The determination of accurate, quantitative, biokinetic distribution of an internally dispersed radionuclide in humans is important in making realistic radiation absorbed dose estimates, studying biochemical transformations in health and disease, and developing clinical procedures indicative of abnormal functions. In order to collect these data, a ...

A number of pattern recognition techniques have been used to determine compact physiological and biochemical indices which quantitatively characterized post-traumatic states. These indices frequently characterize the patient more accurately than physician...

The utmost importance of Quantitative Nondestructive Evaluation (QNDE) has been acknowledged in recent years. Accurate extraction of dimensions from fuel element radiographs is one example. Geometric optics was utilized to obtain an exact mathematical for...

The document presents the development of a statistical detection model to provide an accurate, quantitative description of threshold visual performance over a wide range of background luminance and target parameters. The work investigates relationships th...

The back-scattering of outgas contamination near an orbiting spacecraft due to intermolecular collisions was analyzed. Analytical tools were developed for making reasonably accurate quantitative estimates of the outgas contamination return flux, given a k...

Accurate quantitative data for selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons present on urban dust can be obtained by using a simple procedure consisting of: sonic probe extraction with cyclohexane; clean-up with Florisil-XAD-2, and measurement with high reso...

A simple procedure for use during the schematic phase of passive solar building design is presented in this article. The procedure is quantitative and accurate enough to insure that designs based on the provided starting point values of the primary building parameters will be cost effective.

atmosphere. In this article we select seven scientific ... The layer above the troposphere is the stratosphere, which is character- ized by increasing temperature ...... obtaining a quantitatively accurate picture of the strato- sphere. ...

The report describes the general characteristics of the instrumentation being developed by NOAA and the Eppley Laboratory to investigate the backscatter from atmospheric aerosols in parallel with accurate quantitative determinations of earth-atmosphere ra...

Towards the overall goal of making an accurate mathematical model of a neocortical pyramidal neuron, (1) the electrical properties of Na+ and Ca2+ channel subtypes were measured in sufficient detail to construct a quantitative empirical model, and (2) ant...

The primary purpose of the gamma-neutron mapper (GNM) is to provide accurate and quantitative spatial information of the gamma-ray and neutron radiation fields as a function of position about the excavation of a radioactive waste site. The GNM is designed...

The extent to which the output in semiautomated systems that utilize human operators is quantitatively and qualitatively accurate is an obvious function of system performance. When assigned to a logical function in a system, the human operator quite often...

The molar extinction coefficient for bound water in the form of hydroxyl in vitreous silica has been determined by a thermogravimetric technique. The value obtained, 181 L/mol*cm, is believed to be considerably more accurate than the values now used. 9 refs.

The anticoagulant effect of recombinant hirudin (rHir) and Hirulog TM has been monitored in patients with the activated partial thromboplastin time. Accurate monitoring with this test cannot be achieved if plasmas contain heparin, lupus anticoagulants, lo...

A model that can accurately predict biomass growth, end-product generation, and substrate consumption during a MEOR process in porous media was developed. The third-order upwinding convective differencing scheme effectively improved solutions for the conv...

A phenomenological approach to library research utilizing qualitative research methods is contrasted to a positivist-behaviorist approach utilizing quantitative methods. Psychological understanding of a situation attained by means of accurate description,...

Pre-existing turbulence may be significantly amplified by shock waves. Qualitative confirmation exists from shock tube and supersonic wind tunnel shock wave boundary layer interaction experiments. The former rarely provide accurate quantitative data, sinc...

Formal description of plant phenotypes and standardized annotation of gene expression and protein localization data require uniform terminology that would accurately describe plant anatomy and morphology. This will facilitate cross-species comparative studies and quantitative comparison of phenotype...

Formal description of plant phenotypes and standardized annotation of gene expression and protein localization data require uniform terminology that would accurately describe plant anatomy and morphology. This will facilitate cross-species comparative studies and quantitative comparison of phenotyp...

The ability to comprehensively evaluate the quantitative and qualitative performance of an intelligent system is critical to accurately predicting how it will perform in various situations. The design of such evaluations is often as much of a research cha...

Since the vibration and noise of a gear system are closely related to such numerous and complicated factors as the gear loading working accuracy, stiffness and production engineering, it is a matter of great importance to develop quantitatively accurate p...

A device and method for accurately performing quantitative diffuse optical spectroscopy on a sample includes a light source and a source optical fiber that is optically coupled to the light source. A diffuser material is interposed between the source opti...

A nondestructive method is described for the quantitative measurement of sulfur in oils and water. The method is rapid, sensitive, and accurate. A wavelength dispersive x-ray spectrometer is used. Excitation is produced by a rhodium target, grounded catho...

Quantitative PCR (QPCR) analysis of molds in indoor environmental samples produces highly accurate speciation and enumeration data. In a number of studies, eighty of the most common or potentially problematic indoor molds were identified and quantified in dust samples from homes...

Accurate, quantitative determinations of alpha-emitting nuclides by conventional plate-counting methods are difficult because of sample self-absorption problems in counting and because of non-reproducible losses in conventional sample separation methods. ...

Ecological risk assessment has evolved rapidly from a qualitative set of observations to a quantitative science during the past decade. Methods for assessing risk to wildlife, however, remain largely theoretical as the empirical data required for accurate estimates of exposure o...

No side-by-side, multi-model, fifty-state quantitative assessment exists in the study of higher education public policy to determine which model or elements of models accurately reflect the policymaking process. This dissertation was an effort to advance ...

demonstrate that the optical constants of the considered mixtures are not accurately modeled using pure solute mixtures, it is possible to consider components other than pure solute and pure water to be used in the mixing rules. For example, a ternary mixture can be considered a mixture of water and two solutes

Simple but accurate and sensitive techniques have been established for total alpha counting of tissue and urine specimens and for I-131 quantitation in whole milk. Results are reported. Studies of Lean Body Mass (LBM) changes with physical conditioning ha...

Properties of liquid argon calculated using an accurate variational theory, show that the intermolecular potentials of Barker and Aziz give equivalent results and that the three-body Axilrod--Teller term is essential for quantitative agreement with experiment.

The creation of quantitative, simulatable, Systems Biology Markup Language (SBML) models that accurately simulate the system under study is a time-intensive manual process that requires careful checking. Currently, the rules and constraints of model creat...

The quantitative translation of physical weld quality into structural integrity prediction depends on accurate characterization of weld material behavior in the presence of fabrication defects. The presence of such defects will, however significantly infl...

Computer assisted tomography (CAT) scanning is a nondestructive testing technique used to obtain quantitatively accurate mappings of the distribution of linear attenuation coefficients inside an object. To demonstrate the potential of the technique for ac...

The chapter discusses gas chromatographic techniques for measuring isoprene in air. Such measurement basically consists of three parts: (1) collection of sufficient sample volume for representative and accurate quantitation, (2) separation (if necessary) ...

The chapter discusses gas chromatographic techniques for measuring isoprene in air. Such measurement basically consists of three parts: (1) collection of sufficient sample volume for representative and accurate quantitation, (2) separation (if necessary) of isoprene from interfer...

Techniques permitting accurate and rapid quantitation of internal deposits of heavy elements such as plutonium are essential in order to protect the health and safety of personnel working with these materials. Measurement of plutonium in-vivo by counting ...

Ascertaining the toxicity of samples containing proteins such as ricin and SEB requires an activity assay that yields accurate and reproducible results. The ToxTrakTM system was investigated as a possible quantitative assay. ToxTrakTM is a commercially av...

For a number of years the U.S. Air Force has been performing research to develop safe intake simulants for chemical warfare agents (CWA) to provide accurate and quantitative real-time assessment of troop proficiency and gear efficacy during chemical warfa...

Infrared (IR) absorbance measurements, through a gas flow cell, are made with the closed-loop circulation of vapor-air mixtures that are generated by temperature equilibrated aqueous solutions. Accurate vapor pressures of organic solutes are established w...

The US Army Corps of Engineers' (USACE) Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment (VANE) is a physics-based, multi-scale numerical testbed designed to quantitatively and accurately predict sensor and autonomous system performance in a simulation environme...

The Program Objective was to develop a technique and apparatus for a reliable inspection of wire ropes in service. In particular, the objective was to develop advanced methods and apparatus for an accurate quantitative in-service identification and charac...

Determining the fate and survival of genetically engineered microorganisms released into the environment requires the development and application of accurate and practical methods of detection and enumeration. everal experiments were performed to examine quantitative recovery met...

be used as a quantitative diagnostic of transport and mixing. We use a family of incompressible two diagnostics. The results demonstrate how the effective diffusivity accurately captures the location. These transport barriers are ``perfect,'' in the sense that a fluid particle advected by the flow that starts

A new approach to quantitative deformation characterization of high-resolution electron microscopy (HREM) defect images has been developed. The principle of this technique, (Computational Fourier Transform Deformation (CFTD)) is to extract an accurate dis...

Quantitative analysis of 100 microliters nucleotide samples is accurately performed by analyzing total phosphorus concentration using an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) system. A single calibration using Na2HPO4 (aq) is useful for all nucleotides. A dete...

In this example students examine and critique an argument which implies that it is not cost effective to pay for an automobile with increased fuel efficiency. Using a few reasonable assumptions shows that some of the writer's quantitative claims are not very accurate.

The objective of this research is to quantitatively establish the governing crack tip mechanics conditions and damage mechanisms pertinent to environmental crack propagation. The central goals are: (1) to develop accurate predictions of crack tip stresses...

Resistance welding is used extensively throughout the manufacturing industry. Variations in weld quality often result in costly post-weld inspections. Applications of feed-back control to such processes have been limited by the lack of accurate models des...

Recent advances in the efficiency of gas chromatography (GC) columns and improvements in instrument hardware and computer software have facilitated rapid and accurate analysis of complex organic mixtures. By applying manufacturer-supplied software (calibr...

In explosively driven experiments, flash radiography can record a wealth of information about material densities and boundaries. Obtaining accurate quantitative data from these radiographs requires careful design of the experiment so that one can control ...

A methodology for the accurate prediction of snow avalanche occurrence has been developed through investigation of quantitative relationships among terrain, climate, snowcover properties and avalanche formation. An instrumentation network was established ...

serially dilute this culture, plate the dilutions, and count the colonies that form after incubation, most and Concentration Theory dilute these types of cultures, plate the dilutions, and count the colonies that form after, if you want to accurately quantitate the amount of bacteria in a laboratory culture, you need to dilute

A GC/EC analytical method was developed to quantitate bis-(trifluoromethyl)disulfide accurately in exhaled air of exposed animals. Using the headspace sampling technique qualitative determination of unbound compound in biological sample can be achieved. P...

An improved, more accurate analysis of phased-array diode lasers is presented, which yields results that differ both qualitatively and quantitatively from those previously employed. A numerical example indicating decreased splitting in array mode gains is included.

Long-term Goals: To accurately describe the spatial and temporal distributions of fish and to quantify the mid-frequency clutter characteristics of fish. Objectives: To conduct a new class of quantitative acoustic studies of scattering by swimbladder-bear...

A quantitative comparison between an experimental and a theoretical description of any Auger spectrum requires a common energy reference point such as the Fermi level. With non-conductors this is problematic, since the Fermi level is not well defined and ...

Norovirus is associated commonly with human sewage and is responsible for numerous cases of waterborne and foodborne gastroenteritis every year. Assays using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) have been developed for norovirus, however, accurate detection and quantitation remain problematic owing to ...

High-throughput genotype data can be used to identify genes important for local adaptation in wild populations, phenotypes in lab stocks, or disease-related traits in human medicine. Here we advance microarray-based genotyping for population genomics with Restriction Site Tiling Analysis. The approach simultaneously discovers polymorphisms and provides quantitative genotype ...

Accurate description of anatomy and function of the heart requires the ability to measure a three-dimensional object changing shape in time. The Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR) is an imaging system capable of making these measurements. DSR data are immense in quantity, and require powerful digital computing systems for generating and manipulating images. An example is ...

A new technique of liquid chromatography, which allows baseline separation of fatty alcohol ethoxylates with up to 15-20 ethylene oxide units under isocratic conditions allows an accurate quantitative analysis of single hydrophobic chain surfactants. Using density and refractive index detection, the accurate weight fractions of the ...

To address the persisting problem of leprosy in Cebu, Philippines, we compiled a database of more than 200 patients who attend an established referral skin clinic. We described the patient characteristics in conventional demographic parameters and also applied multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) analysis (MLVA) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) ...

system for Y-SNP typing miniSTR assays for recovery of information from degraded DNA miniSTR NC loci in Forensic DNA..." Through Partnering with the Justice Department in Support of Law Enforcement and Forensic DNA Testing ...Bringing traceability and technology to the scales of justice... Standards Technology

from 148 individuals ~ 370 different restriction sites per individual. "Out of Africa" #12;NEAFS Y to review � Most information is not used Review forward and reverse sequences across 610 bases only al. (2004) Forensic Sci. Rev. 16:21-36 for a review of some SNP typing technologies Mito "Strips

A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping method for Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium was developed using the �Minimum SNPs� program. SNP sets were interrogated using allele-specific real-time PCR. SNP typing subdivided clonal complexes 2 and 9 of E. faecalis and 17 of E. faecium, members of which cause the majority of nosocomial ...

Chromosome 9 Position = 69x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT09_69M 1 G A A/G A A A A X A A A G G G X A A X A G A A A A A A A A A A G A G A G A X A A/G G A G A A A A G A G G A G A A A A A G Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CAACCTGAAG AGCTTCCTAA CCAGCAGGAA

Chromosome 8 Position = 84x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT08_84C 1 C T T C T T T T T T C C C T T T C T T C T T T T T C T C C T T C T C T T T C C T C T T C C T T T T T C T T T C T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GCAGACTTGA AAATGTGAGG AGGTTTCCAT

Chromosome 8 Position = 150x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT08_150M 1 T G T T T G G G G G T T G T T T T T T G T T G T T T T T T G G G T G G T T G G G G T T T T T T T G G G T G G T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGCAATATGA AGCCGAGTCT TGGGAGCAGA

Chromosome 8 Position = 15x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT08_15C 1 C A A A A A A A A A C C C A A A A A A C A A A A A C C A A C A C C C A C C C C A C A A C A C C A A A C A A C A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TGCTCATACA TGCATACATA CCACATACAT

Chromosome 7 Position = 80x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT07_80M 1 C T T T T T T X T T C C T T T T T T T T T T T T T C C C C C T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T XX XX T T T T T T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CGCCCCCTTT CTCTGGTCGC GTGTTCTGCT

Chromosome 7 Position = 120x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT07_120M 1 A G A A A G A A A A A A A A A A X A A A A A A A A A A A A A G A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGGAGCTGCT GAGCTACAGC TTCCCAGATT

Chromosome 5 Position = 49x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT05_49C 1 T A A A A X X X A A T T A X A A X A A X A A A A A A A A A A A X A A A X A A X A A A A X A A A A A A X X A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GCTTCTTAAG CACCCATTTA TTGTAGCTTC

Chromosome 4 Position = 75x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT04_75M 1 A C C A C C A C C A A A C A C C A A A C C C A C A A A A A A A C C C A C A C C A C A A A A C C A A A C A C C A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). AACGCAATGA CTCAATGGTT AAGAGCACTG

Chromosome 4 Position = 20x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT04_20M 1 C T T T T X X T T X C C T X T T X T T X T T T T T C C C C C T T T T T X T T T T T T T T T T T T T T C T T T T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GTACCACTCT GCTTACTGAC CTTGAGGTCA

Chromosome 20 Position = 25x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT20_25M 1 A G A/G G A G X X A A A A A A A A A X A X X G A A G A A A A A A A A A A A/G X A A A A A A A A A A A A A X A A G A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GTGTCCACCA GCAGATAAAT TAAAAGAAAA

Chromosome 2 Position = 55x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT02_55M 1 C T T T T T T C C T C C C T T T T T C X T T T C T C C C C T T C T C T C C C C T C T T C T C T X X T C C T T T T C Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGAGAGCTGG CCCGTAGTGG GGGGAGGGGC

Chromosome 2 Position = 181x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT02_181C 1 G A A A A A A A A A G G A A A A G A A A A A A G G G G G G G G A A A A A A A A G A A A A G G G A A G A A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGCCGCCCTC TGCTGGGGTC ACTCAGTACT

Chromosome 19 Position = 61x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT19_61M 1 A G G A G G A A A A A A A A A A A A A A G G A G A A A A A A A A A A X A G A A A A A A A A A A A G G A A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). AGGAGAGGCA TGGATGATGA TAGGGGTCCC

Chromosome 19 Position = 48x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT19_48M 1 C T T T T T T T T T C C C T T T T T T C T C T T T C C C C C C T C C T T T C T T C T T T T T T C C T C T T T T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGCTGGGCTG GCTCACTAGG AGACATTACG

Chromosome 19 Position = 21x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT19_21M 1 A G A A A A A A A A A A G A A A A A A G A A A A A A A A A A A G A G A X A G G G G A A G G G G A A A G A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGGCAGAACA ACAAGGAGAC TATATATCTA

Chromosome 18 Position = 9x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT18_9C 1 A G G A G G G G G G A A G G A A A A A G G A A G A A A A A A A G G G A G A G G A G A A A A A A G A A G A G A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CCTGCAGTGT TATGTGGATT TACCATGGGA

Chromosome 18 Position = 39x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT18_39C 1 G A G A G A A A A A G G A A A A G A G A G A G G A G G G G A A A A A G G A A A A A A A G G A G A G A A A A A A G G Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CCTCTCTTGT CGGGCAGAAG GGGAAAATGA

Chromosome 16 Position = 64x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT16_64C 1 A C C A C C A C C C A A A C C C A A C A C C C C A A A A A A A A A A A C C A A A A A A A A A A A A A A C C A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GGTCATCTTC AAGTACCCGA GAGAGTCCAA

Chromosome 16 Position = 6x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT16_6M 1 G A A A A A A A A A G G G A A A A A A X A A A G A A A G A A A A A G A A A G G A G A A G A A A A A A G A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TTGCATACAG CCAGCCACAT NAGACAGAGG

Chromosome 15 Position = 32x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT15_32M 1 T C C C C C T T T T T T C T T T T T T C C C T C T T T C T T T T T C T C C C T T C T T T T T T T T T C T C T T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). ATGATTGGTC CCTTCAGAAA TGAAAATTAA

Chromosome 15 Position = 12x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT15_12C 1 T C C C C C T T T T T T T T T T C C C T C C T C C T T T T T C T C T T C T T T T T T C T T T T T T C T C C T C C T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CAAAGGGTGT GTTTCTTGTT TTTATTCAAC

Chromosome 14 Position = 99x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT14_99M 1 C T T C T T T T T T C C T T T T X C T T T T T T T C C T C C T T C T C T T T T T T C C C C T T T C T T C T T T C C Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GTCAGTCTCA GAGGTTAACT CACCTTTGTT

Chromosome 14 Position = 87x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT14_87M 1 A G A A A G G G G G A X A G G G G A G G A A A G G A A A A A G A A A A X A G A G G A A A A A G G G G A A A G G G A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). AAAATGGTGA ACCTAAAAGA AGAGATGTTT

Chromosome 14 Position = 68x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT14_68M 1 A G G A G A A A A A A A A A A A A A G A G G G A A A A A A A A A G A G A A A A A A A A A A A A G G A A G A A A G A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). ACTTCTTGTT ACCCCTAGCA ACGACCAGGC

Chromosome 13 Position = 95x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT13_95M 1 G A A A A A A G G A G G A A A A A G A A A A G A A G G G X A A A A A A A A A A A A A G A A G G A G X A A A G A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). ACTCCTCAGA TGTGGGAACT CTGGTTCTTT

Chromosome 13 Position = 67x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT13_67C 1 G A A A A A A A A A G G A A A A A A A A A A A A A G G G G A A G A G A A A G A A G A A A A A A A A A G A G A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). AGGAAACCCT CCAGGTAGAC TAGCGCATCC

Chromosome 11 Position = 99x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT11_99M 1 G T T G T T T G G T G G T G T T T T T G T T T T G G G G G G G T T T T T T T T G T T T G T G G T T G T G T G T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GCTGTATAAT ATTAGGGTCT GACCATAGCA

Chromosome 11 Position = 90x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT11_90M 1 T C C C C C C T T C T T C C C C T T T T C C T C C T T T T T T T C T T C C T T T T T T C C T C C T C T T C C C C T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TCTACGAAGC CAGAGGTCAG TTCCTTCCTT

Chromosome 11 Position = 27x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT11_27M 1 C T T T T X T T T X C X T X T T X T X T T T T C T C C C C T T T T T T T T T T T T T C T T T C T T T T T T C T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TTTGTGTGGA TATTCTAATT TAGTGAAAAA

Chromosome 10 Position = 50x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT10_50C 1 T A A A A X X A A A T A A X A A A A X X A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A X A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CCGAGATGCT TTTAGACATG ACATTTATTA

Chromosome 10 Position = 22x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT10_22M 1 T C C/T C C C C T C C T T T C X T T C C C T C C C C C T T T T T T T T T C/T T C T T T T T C T T T T T T C T T T T T T T Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TGTTTTCTCT TTCAAAGAAT TCCTAACTGG

Chromosome 1 Position = 90x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT01_90M 1 A G G A G G A A A G A A A A A A A A G G G G A G G A A G G A A G G G A G A G G A G G A A A A A G G A G A A A G G G Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). TCTGACAGTT CTAGGAAAGG AAGTACAATA

Chromosome 1 Position = 21x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT01_21C 1 G A A A A A A A A A G G G A A A A A A G A A A A A G G A A G A G A A A A A A A G G A G A A A A G G A G A A A A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). GTGAACTGCC AGCTGACAAA TCAGAGTGGA

Chromosome 1 Position = 185x106bp SNP_ID SNP Type 1 Type 2 Type 3 LMT01_185M 1 A G A A A G A A A A A A G G G G A A A G A A A A G A A A X A G G A G A A A G G A G A A A A A G G G X G A A G A A A Genomic sequence (C57BL/6J). CGTGCTACTT TGGGTTACAA CCAGTAACCA

During studies of the growth of neonatal piglets it is important to be able to accurately assess changes in body composition. Previous studies have demonstrated that QMR provides accurate measurements of total body fat, lean, and water in non-anesthetized piglets. The purpose of this study was to us...

During studies of neonatal piglet growth it is important to be able to accurately assess changes in body composition. Previous studies have demonstrated that quantitative magnetic resonance (QMR) provides precise and accurate measurements of total body fat mass, lean mass and total body water in non...

Traditionally law enforcement agencies have relied on basic measurement and imaging tools, such as tape measures and cameras, in recording a crime scene. A disadvantage of these methods is that they are slow and cumbersome. The development of a portable system that can rapidly record a crime scene with current camera imaging, 3D geometric surface maps, and contribute ...

Traditionally law enforcement agencies have relied on basic measurement and imaging tools, such as tape measures and cameras, in recording a crime scene. A disadvantage of these methods is that they are slow and cumbersome. The development of a portable system that can rapidly record a crime scene with current camera imaging, 3D geometric surface maps, and contribute ...

Under the auspices of the Comite Consultatif pour la Quantite de Matiere (CCQM) Inorganic Analysis Working Group, an international intercomparison study (CCQM-P86) involving 15 labs(12 countries) was conducted to assess the worldwide analytical capabilities to accurately quantitate the content of se...

A theory is presented which allows us to quantitatively calculate the excess surface tension of acid solutions. The H(+), in the form of hydronium ion, is found to be strongly adsorbed to the solution-air interface. To account for the electrostatic potential difference measured experimentally, it is necessary to assume that the hydronium ion is oriented with its hydrogens ...

A theory is presented which allows us to quantitatively calculate the excess surface tension of acid solutions. The H+, in the form of hydronium ion, is found to be strongly adsorbed to the solution-air interface. To account for the electrostatic potential difference measured experimentally, it is necessary to assume that the hydronium ion is oriented with its hydrogens ...

We present a simple strategy for isolating and accurately enumerating target DNA from high-clay-content soils: desorption with buffers, an optional magnetic capture hybridization step, and quantitation via real-time PCR. With the developed technique, ?g quantities of DNA were extracted from mg samples of pure kaolinite and a field clay soil.

When applied to the search and development of Tuscaloosa sandstones in southern Mississippi and Louisiana, the quantitative approach to seismic stratigraphy provides information to geologists, engineers and geophysicists that reduces the number of dry holes, allows for accurate predrilling reserve estimates and reduces seismic acquisition costs. Seismic ...

Quantitative measurements of deuterium partial pressures in laser fusion targets are made by inverse Raman spectroscopy. Attenuation of atmospheric nitrogen inverse Raman signals is used for standarization of the system. This technique allows calibration curves to be made with long path gas cells. The measurements are accurate to +- 20%.

Accurate assessment of health risks associated with bovine (cattle) fecal pollution requires a reliable host-specific genetic marker and a rapid quantification method. We report the development of quantitative PCR assays for the detection of two recently described cow feces-spec...

There is a need to develop an accurate and rapid method to detect Spiroplasma citri, the causal agent of citrus stubborn disease for use in epidemiology studies. Quantitative real-time PCR was developed for detection of S. citri. Two sets of primers based on sequences from the P58 putative adhesin ...

A description has been given of a simple, accurate tech nique for the quantitation of menstrual blood loss, involving the determination of a three- dimensional isosensitivity curve and the fashioning of a lucite dome with cover to fit these specifications. Ten normal subjects lost no more than 50 ml each per menstrual period. (auth)

A method found to be satisfactory for quantitative analysis of CO in blood and air in cases of CO poisoning is outlined. A compact field apparatus is described. Owing to its durability, and the ease with which accurate and dependable results can be obtained, it should be of great use in investigations pertaining to the cause, diagnosis, and treatment of CO ...

A Si(Li) detector and a multichannel analyzer system were combined with a multiple anode soft x-ray generator and a high vacuum sample handling system to provide an x-ray fluorescence unit for quantitative analyses of the elements from oxygen to iron. A relatively rapid, accurate, and reproducible sample preparation technique and a method for ...

We describe a simple and accurate method for quantitation by solvent ¹³C-satellites (QSCS), of very small amounts of natural products using microprobe NMR spectroscopy. The method takes advantage of integration of ¹³C satellite peaks of deuterated solvents, in particular CDCl₃, that have ...

A spectrophotometric method for the determination of ozone dissolved in aqueous solution is described. Principle of the method is based on the absorption of ozone in alkaline potassium iodide solution. Iodine is released upon acidification and the chromophoric properties quantitated at the maximum absorption peak in the visible spectra. This method is rapid and ...

The quantitation of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, and chlortetracycline was accomplished by high-pressure liquid chromatography using an anion-exchange column. The tetracyclines were extracted from urine as their calcium complexes. Concentrations as low as 12 microgram of oxytetracycline/ml and 4 microgram of tetracycline and chlortetracycline/ml were ...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect and quantitate the parasporal crystal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subspp. kurstaki and israelensis. The ELISA method described is extremely sensitive, accurate, and highly specific. Usin...

Current analytical methods are inadequate for accurately measuring sulfur forms in coal. This task was concerned with developing methods to quantitate and identify major sulfur forms in coal based on direct measurement (as opposed to present techniques ba...

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to detect and quantitate the parasporal crystal toxins of Bacillus thuringiensis subspp. kurstaki and israelensis. The ELISA method described is extremely sensitive, accurate, and highly specific. Using the technique, crystall...

Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is a useful technique for noninvasive measurement of oxygenation of the brain and muscle. However, no accurate, quantitative algorithms for continuous wave NIRS (CW-NIRS) have yet been presented dute to the following two ...

The advantages of using monochromatic polarized synchrotron radiation sources for energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence analysis have been demonstrated in terms of reduced scattering, better selectivity for specific elements, and sensitivity for the analysis of small samples. The importance of the kinematic behavior of matrix scattered radiation on the sensitivity for specific elements has been ...

A general science experiment for high school chemistry students might serve as an excellent review of the concepts of solution preparation, solubility, pH, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of a common food product. The students could learn to use safe laboratory techniques, collect and analyze data using proper scientific methodology and obtain ...

Renal allograft accumulation of Tc-99m sulfur colloid (TSC) was studied using visual assessment of scintigraphic displays and a quantitative temporal model in 210 examinations of 56 transplant recipients. The quantitative temporal model related the immediate pool of the radioagent in the transplant to the fixed allograft accumulation of TSC at 20 minutes ...

We have developed a system of quantitative radiography in order to produce quantitative images displaying homogeneity of parts. The materials that we characterize are synthetic composites and may contain important subtle density variations not discernible by examining a raw film x-radiograph. In order to quantitatively interpret film ...

A radioimmunoassay (RIA) capable of quantitating dCTP in femtomolar amounts in cell extracts has been developed, and applied to human fibroblast cells lines and L5178Y mouse lymphoma lines. Cross reactivity of the antibody with CTP, though low (2.7%) has necessitated pre-RIA removal of CTP by either boronate affinity gel chromatography or sodium periodate oxidation. Fractions ...

An automated reverse transcription-PCR was developed for the quantitative detection of hepatitis C virus. The quantitation is based on the coamplification and labelling with digoxigenin-dUTP during PCR of two similar templates, the viral genome and a modified RNA which acts as a mimic target. Known amounts of the mimic RNA sequence were introduced into the ...

An analytical method to detect and quantitate neohesperidine dihydrochalcone in foodstuffs has been developed and validated in soft-drink applications. The method was shown to be sufficiently precise, accurate, selective and rugged in quantitating neohesperidine DC both at flavouring (1-5 mg/kg) and sweetening (5-50 mg/kg) levels. ...

Apodization, which is a tool frequently used for cosmetic representation and efficient modeling of a spectrum, is now also adopted in techniques for the quantitative retrieval of parameters from observed spectra. Whether apodization can help in quantitative spectroscopy is the subject of debate in the literature. We find that, when the considered spectral ...

Recent technological breakthroughs have enabled high-throughput quantitative measurements of hundreds of thousands of genetic interactions among hundreds of genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, these assays often fail to measure the genetic interactions among up to 40% of the studied gene pairs. Here we present a novel method, which combines genetic interaction data ...

Peptides separated by chromatography and electrophoresis on thin layers of silica gel G were scraped off and hydrolyzed without prior removal of the silica. The complete amino acid composition, including tryptophan content, was obtained for each peptide. Contaminating amino acids were in sufficiently low concentrations that accurate quantitation of less ...

In biomedical photoacoustic imaging the images are proportional to the absorbed optical energy density, and not the optical absorption, which makes it difficult to obtain a quantitatively accurate image showing the concentration of a particular absorbing chromophore from photoacoustic measurements alone. Here it is shown that the spatially varying ...

A real-time reverse transcription-PCR method targeting the rbcL gene was developed for the detection and quantitation of the Florida red tide organism, Karenia brevis. The assay was sensitive to less than 1 cell per reaction, did not detect rbcL from 38 nontarget taxa, and accurately quantitated K. brevis organisms in red tide ...

Although it has been shown that muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) improves the phenotypic characterization of patients with neuromuscular disorders and allows accurate quantification of muscle and adipose tissue distribution, to date quantitative MRI has not been used to assess the therapeutic response in clinical trials of neuromuscular diseases. We ...

Gel electrophoresis is one of the most powerful and widely used methods for the separation of DNA. During the last decade, instruments have been developed that accurately quantitate in digital form the distribution of materials in a gel or on a blot prepared from a gel. In this paper, I review the various physical properties that can be used to ...

Auger electron spectroscopy has been applied to the quantitative surface analysis of a series of metals (Ag, Cd, In, Sn), indium-tin alloys, indium and tin oxides, and indium-tin oxide (ITO) films. Spectra were obtained by two methods: the conventional modulation technique, which results in the derivative spectrum, and a direct current measurement, which gives an ...

A brief resume of the classical methods of quantitative determination of thorium in ores and thoriferous products is given to show that a rapid, accurate, and precise physical method based on the radioactivity of thorium would be of great utility. A method based on the utilization of the characteristic spectrum of the thorium gamma radiation is ...