The CKM picture of the quark sector is reviewed. We explain how the phenomena of quark mixing, CP violation and the absence of flavor changing neutral currents arise in the Standard Model. We describe the determination of the CKM elements from direct meas...

It is pointed out that given the us element of the CKM quark mixing matrix, all the other elements can be successfully explained or predicted by using the five relations derived in a composite model of quarks (and leptons). (author). (ERA citation 17:0351...

The CKM picture of the quark sector is reviewed. We explain how the phenomena of quark mixing, CP violation and the absence of flavor changing neutral currents arise in the Standard Model. We describe the determination of the CKM elements from direct measurements, from unitarity and from indirect measurements. We ...

Recent progress in the tests of fundamental symmetries and the CKM structure of the violation of CP symmetry in the quark mixing sector, as presented in the relevant parallel sessions of this conference, is summarized.

A perspective on the origin of mass and electroweak symmetry breaking is presented. Quark masses and CKM matrix elements are updated. Implications for some possible GUT constraints are discussed. An outlook and wish list for the future is given.

B. Heltsley, CKM Status & Prospects, PIC01 1 CKM Status & Prospects CKM Basics Experimental Status & Prospects, PIC01 2 Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa Quark Mixing Lagrangian (weak charged current) : VCKM: 3, PIC01 3 The Unitarity Triangle(s) (UT) The sum for each 0 in I is a triangle in the real- complex

The branching ratios of 2- and 3-body decays of free c- and b-quarks are calculated, taking into account the strong interactions renormalization effects due to hard gluons exchange. The branching ratios calculation are both for CKM favored and CKM decays....

An ambiguity in the calculation of CKM matrix elements from semi- leptonic decay rates is resolved: to every choice of scales for the quark masses in the phase-space factor and in the QCD-correction factor, there corresponds a specific QCD-correction fact...

We briefly review existing proposals for the renormalization of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix and study the numerical effects of several of them on the W-boson hadronic partial decay widths. We then use these results to evaluate the relative shifts on the CKM parameters |V{sub ij}|{sup 2} induced by the quark-mixing ...

Starting from a new zeroth order basis for quark mixing (CKM) matrix based on the quark-lepton complementarity and the tribimaximal pattern of lepton mixing, we derive a triminimal parametrization of a CKM matrix with three small angles and a CP-violating phase as its parameters. This new triminimal parametrization ...

This document is part of Subvolume A �Theory and Experiments� of Volume 21 �Elementary Particles� of Landolt-B�rnstein - Group I �Elementary Particles, Nuclei and Atoms�. It contains of the Chapter �10 Symmetry Violations and Quark Flavour Physics� the Section �10.7 Weak quark mixing and the CKM matrix�.

We review two recently proposed on-shell schemes for the renormalization of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix in the Standard Model. One first constructs gauge-independent mass counterterm matrices for the up- and down-type quarks complying with the hermiticity of the complete mass matrices. Diagonalization of the ...

The status of lattice calculations of heavy quark phenomenology is reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on the understanding and control of the calculational uncertainties. The ensuring implications for constraining the CKM matrix elements are discussed.

A method developed from the Dualized Standard Model for calculating the quark CKM matrix and masses is applied to the parallel probem in neutrino oscillations.

We study the numerical effects of several renormalization schemes of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix on the top-quark decay widths. We then employ these results to infer the relative shifts in the CKM parameters |Vtq|2 due to the quark mixing renormalization corrections, ...

The way in which an exact determination of the CKM matrix elements tests the Standard Model is demonstrated by a two generation example. The determination of matrix elements from meson semi-leptonic decays is explained, with an emphasis on the respective reliability of quark level and meson level calculations. The assumptions involved in the use of loop ...

Studying B-physics at hadron accelerators requires a good understanding of the total and differential cross sections for b-quark production. This knowledge gives those involved in B(bar B) mixing, rare B decays, and those trying to determine the CKM angle...

It is pointed out that the recent measurement of the angle ? of the unitarity triangle, providing irrefutable evidence for a complex Cabibbo Kobayashi Maskawa (CKM) matrix, presents a great challenge for supersymmetric models with spontaneous CP violation. We construct a new minimal extension of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM), with spontaneous CP breaking, ...

Hermitian mass matrices for the up and down quarks with texture zeroes but with the minimum number of parameters, ten, are investigated. We show how these minimum parameter forms can be obtained from a general set of hermitian matrices through weak basis transformations. For the most simple forms we show that one can derive exact and compact parameterizations of the ...

Precise measurements of superallowed ? decays provide demanding test of the fundamental symmetries of the electroweak interaction. Collectively, the corrected comparative half-lives of these transitions allow a sensitive probe of the CVC hypothesis. Moreover, by providing the most accurate determination of Vud, the up-down quark-mixing element, these data ...

Very accurate measurements of the half-life, 3.8755(12) s, and the branching ratio, 0.5315(12), are reported for the superallowed 0+ {yields} 0+ {beta}-decay of 22Mg. The precision in the branching ratio was achieved by the efficiency calibration of an HPGe detector to 0.15% precision for {gamma}-ray energies between 50 and 1400 keV. The ft-value extracted from the ...

Pair production of charged weak bosons W{sup {+-}} at LEP2 collider can be exploited to measure the absolute value of the V{sub cs} element of Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix. The value can be most accurately extracted from the measured hadronic branching ratio of W{sup {+-}} bosons. An independent method to obtain the |V{sub cs}| value consists of tagging the flavour of ...

We derive the one loop renormalization group equations for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix for the standard model, its two Higgs extension, and the minimal supersymmetric extension in a novel way. The derived equations depend only on a subset of the model parameters of the renormalization group equations for the quark Yukawa couplings so the ...

We present a reanalysis of CDF data to extend limits on individual fourth-generation quark masses from particular flavor-mixing rates to the entire space of possible mixing values. Measurements from CDF have set individual limits on masses, mb' and mt', at the level of 335�385 GeV assuming specific and favorable flavor-mixing rates. We consider the space of possible values ...

We reanalyze the decay $B_d\\to\\pi^+\\pi^-$ without assuming dominance of QCD penguins with internal top-quark exchanges. In that case the weak phase of the CKM angle $\\beta$. Nevertheless it is still possible to extract the CKM angle time-dependent CP-violating asymmetry of the transition $B_d\\to\\pi^+\\pi^-$. Aside from that CP ...

We report several recent updates from the BABAR Collaboration on the matrix elements |V|, |V|, and |V| of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrix, and the angles ? and ? of the unitarity triangle. Most results presented here are using the full BABAR?(4S) data set.

We consider the violation of the democratic mass matrix in the framework of the four-family standard model. Predictions of fourth-family fermion masses as well as quark and lepton CKM mixings are presented. Production and decay modes of new fermions are discussed. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society.}

CKM mixing between third family quarks and a possible fourth family is constrained by global fits to the precision electroweak data. The dominant constraint is from nondecoupling oblique corrections rather than the vertex correction to Z {yields} {bar b}b used in previous analyses. The possibility of large mixing suggested by some recent analyses of FCNC ...

The Tevatron experiments D0 and CDF have found evidence for single top quark production, based on datasets between 0.9 fb{sup -1} and 2.2 fb{sup -1}. Several different multivariate techniques are used to extract the single top quark signal out of the large backgrounds. The cross section measurements are also used to provide the first direct measurement of ...

The 23th Gif school was held at Ecole Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France from 16 to 20 September 1991. The school subject was large: Electroweak properties of heavy quarks. The first part has been devoted to B physics (CP violation, CKM matrix, production a...

After many years searching for electroweak production of top quarks, the Tevatron collider experiments have now moved from obtaining first evidence for single top quark production to an impressive array of measurements that test the standard model in several directions. This paper describes measurements of the single top quark cross ...

We derive bounds on the mixing of the standard charge -1/3 quarks with vector-like isosinglet quarks, as they exist in some extensions of the standard model. We make no assumptions about the unitarity or any other features of the mixing matrix. We find that the mixing is quite constrained: we are able to set bounds on all the extra parameters which arise ...

Recently, Qin and Ma (QM) have advocated a new Wolfenstein-like parametrization of the quark mixing matrix based on the triminimal expansion of the Cabibbo�Kobayashi�Maskawa (CKM) parametrization. The CP-odd phase in the QM parametrization is around 90� just as that in the CKM parametrization. We point out that the QM ...

I present a selection of recent lattice results in flavourdynamics, including the status of the calculation of quark masses and a variety of weak matrix elements relevant for the determination of CKM matrix elements. Recent improvements in the momentum resolution of lattice computations and progress towards precise computations of K --> ?? decay ...

We review and update the constraints on the parameters of the quark flavour mixing matrix V(sub CKM) in the standard model and estimate the resulting CP asymmetries in B decays, taking into account recent experimental and theoretical developments. In perf...

Based on the hierarchy exhibited by quarks masses at low energies, we assume that Yukawa couplings of up and down quarks are related by Y u / Y 2 d at grand unification scales. This ansatz gives rise to a symmetrical CKM matrix at the grand unification (GU) scale. Using three specific models as illustrative examples for the ...

Phenomenological constraints due to {ital CP} violation in the {ital K}-{ital {bar K}} system and the extent of {ital B}-{ital {bar B}} mixing are used to determine the constraints on the various parameters of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix given the {ital Ansatz} is symmetric. An existing parametrization for the CKM matrix is shown to be the ...

We solve the one-loop Renormalization Group Equations (RGE) and show that each of the Quark Yukawa Couplings (QYC) matrices for the up and down quarks depends on two functions of energy. The energy dependence is such that the diagonalizing matrices of the up QYC and the ratio m{sub c}/m{sub u} are constant while for the down QYC the diagonalizing matrices ...

Limits on the Higgs boson mass restrict Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix (CKM) mixing of a possible fourth family beyond the constraints previously obtained from precision electroweak data alone. Existing experimental and theoretical bounds on mH already significantly restrict the allowed parameter space. Zero CKM mixing ...

The primary goals of the BABAR experiment are the detection of CP violation (CPV) in the B meson system, the precise measurement of some of the elements of the CKM matrix and the measurement of the rates of rare B meson decays. At present, BABAR has achieved major successes: (1) the discovery, in neutral B decays, of direct and mixing-induced CP violation; (2) ...

The observation of single top quark production by the CDF and D0 collaborations is one of the flagship measurements of the Run II of the Tevatron. The Tevatron combined single top quark cross section is measured to be: {sigma}(tb + X, tqb + X) = 2.8{sub -0.5}{sup +0.6} pb for a top quark mass of 170 GeV. This result is in agreement ...

We present first evidence for the production of single top quarks at the Fermilab Tevatron p{bar p} collider. Using a 0.9 fb{sup -1} dataset, we apply a multivariate analysis to separate signal from background and measure cross section for single top quark production. We use the cross section measurement to directly determine the CKM ...

Top quarks are produced at the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at Fermilab and at the Large Hadron (proton-proton) Collider at CERN in two ways: as quark-antiquark pairs, and singly. For each mode, the cross sections and future experimental yields are presented. I then discuss some precision measurements that can be made using the anticipated large ...

Now that the top quark`s existence has been firmly established by the CDF and D0 experiments{sup 1,2)}, we begin to measure its properties. Branching fractions are of particular interest in the case of the t quark, since they probe the couplings of the top quark to gauge bosons and other quarks, and because ``the ...

Now that the top quark's existence has been firmly established by the CDF and D0 experiments(sup 1,2), we begin to measure its properties. Branching fractions are of particular interest in the case of the t quark, since they probe the couplings of the top...

A shape of the unitary triangle versus a CP violating parameter {delta} depends on the phase conventions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix, because the CP violating parameter {delta} cannot directly be observed, so that it is not rephasing-invariant. In order to seek for a clue to the quark mass matrix structure and the origin of the CP ...

A shape of the unitary triangle versus a CP violating parameter ? depends on the phase conventions of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix, because the CP violating parameter ? cannot directly be observed, so that it is not rephasing-invariant. In order to seek for a clue to the quark mass matrix structure and the origin of the CP violation, ...

Single top quark production via the electroweak interaction was observed by the D0 and CDF collaborations at the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at Fermilab. Multivariate analysis techniques are employed to extract the small single top quark signal. The combined Tevatron cross section is 2.76{sub -0.47}{sup +0.58} pb. This corresponds to a lower limit ...

We review the current status of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix for quark mixing. The updated matrix is used to obtain a profile of the CKM unitarity triangle and estimates of the CP violating phases sin 2?, sin 2? and sin2 ? that will be measured in neutral B meson decays. Measurements of the aforementioned CP asymetries, ...

We derive the one loop renormalization group equations for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix for the standard model, its two Higgs extension, and the minimal supersymmetric extension in a novel way. The derived equations depend only on a subset of the model parameters of the renormalization group equations for the quark Yukawa couplings so the ...

The standard model possesses a natural source of CP violation contained in the phase of the CKM matrix. Whether the latter participated to the making of the matter-antimatter asymmetry of the observable universe is a fundamental question which has been addressed only recently. The generation of a CP observable occurs through interference of quantum paths along which a sequence ...

We report on a new measurement of neutron beta-decay asymmetry. From the result A(0) = -0.1189(7), we derive the ratio of the axial vector to the vector coupling constant lambda = g(A)/g(V) = -1.2739(19). When included in the world average for the neutron lifetime tau = 885.7(7) s, this gives the first element of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix V(ud). With this ...

We perform an exploratory study of the allowed parameter range for the CKM-like mixing of hypothetical quarks of a fourth generation. As experimental constraints we use the tree-level determinations of the 3x3 Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) elements and flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) processes (K, D, B{sub d}, B{sub s} mixing ...

We point out that new physics can play an important role in rescuing some of the Yukawa texture-zero Ansaetze which would otherwise be eliminated by the recent, more precise measurements of V{sub CKM}. As an example, a detailed analysis of a four texture-zero Ansatz is presented, showing how the presence of an isosinglet vectorlike quark, which mixes with ...

We show that solutions for the masses and mixings of the quarks and leptons based on a U(1)xZ{sub 2} horizontal symmetry are possible. The seesaw mechanism is shown to work consistently in the presence of the discrete symmetry. The discrete symmetry results in the phenomenologically useful suppressions of elements of the Yukawa matrices. The quark and ...

As it is well known, top quark decays are of particular interest as a means to test the standard model (SM) predictions, these include the dominant (t{yields}b+W), the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)-suppressed process t{yields}cWW, and the rare decays (t{yields}cV, cVV, c{phi}{sup 0}, bWZ). As all of them are highly suppressed, they become an excellent ...

The most popular way to present mixing matrices of quarks (CKM) and leptons (PMNS) is the parametrization with three mixing angles and one CP-violating phase. There are two major options in this kind of parametrizations, one is the original Kobayashi-Maskawa (KM) matrix, and the other is the Chau-Keung (CK) matrix. In a new proposal by Frampton and He, a ...

We discuss perturbative O( g 2 a) matching with static heavy quarks and domain-wall light quarks for lattice operators relevant to B-meson decays and {B^0} - {bar{B}^0} mixing. The chiral symmetry of the light domain-wall quarks does not prohibit operator mixing at O( a) for these operators. The O( a) corrections to physical quantities ...

We study diagonal and transition quark dipole operators in a class of extended technicolor (ETC) models, taking account of the multiscale nature of the ETC gauge symmetry breaking and of the mixing among ETC interaction eigenstates. Because of this mixing, terms involving the lowest ETC scale can play an important role in dipole operators, and we focus on these terms. We ...

We present a measurement of the ratio of top quark branching fractions R=B(t?Wb)/B(t?Wq), where q can be a d, s, or b quark, in the lepton+jets and dilepton tt� final states. The measurement uses data from 5.4fb-1 of pp� collisions collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We measure R=0.90�0.04, and we extract the ...

The top quark, when it was finally discovered at Fermilab in 1995 completed the three-generation structure of the Standard Model (SM) and opened up the new field of top quark physics. Viewed as just another SM quark, the top quark appears to be a rather uninteresting species. Produced predominantly, in ...

A quasiclassical approximation in the hyperspherical formalism is applied to calculate the spectra of some 6q, 9q and 12q states in the quark potential model (QPM). The quasiclassical approximation is shown to lead to very accurate predictions for the mas...

The study of superallowed beta decay in nuclei, in conjunction with other experiments, provide a test of the unitarity of the quark mixing matrix or CKM matrix. Non-unitarity of the CKM matrix could imply the existence of a fourth generation of quarks, right handed currents in the weak interaction, and/or new ...

The study of superallowed beta decay in nuclei, in conjunction with other experiments, provide a test of the unitarity of the quark mixing matrix or CKM matrix. Nonunitarity of the CKM matrix could imply the existence of a fourth generation of quarks, right handed currents in the weak interaction, and/or new exotic ...

This thesis reports measurements of the time-dependent CP asymmetries in fully reconstructed B{sup 0} {yields} (D{sup (*){-+}} and B{sup 0} {yields} D{sup {-+}} {rho}{sup {+-}}) decays in approximately 232 million {Upsilon}(4S) {yields} B{bar B} events, collected with the BABAR detector at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B factory at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center in California, as published ...

We show that the presence of intrinsic charm in the hadrons' light-cone wave functions, even at a few percent level, provides new, competitive decay mechanisms for B decays which are nominally CKM-suppressed. For example, the weak decays of the B-meson to two-body exclusive states consisting of strange plus light hadrons, such as B {yields} {pi} K, are expected to be ...

This grant provided access to the massively parallel computing facilities at Oak Ridge National Laboratory for the study of lattice gauge theory. The major project was a calculation of the weak decay constants of pseudoscalar mesons with one light and one heavy quark. A number of these constants have not yet been measured, so the calculations constituted a set of predictions ...

An ambiguity in the calculation of CKM matrix elements from semi- leptonic decay rates is resolved: to every choice of scales for the quark masses in the phase-space factor and in the QCD-correction factor, there corresponds a specific QCD-correction factor. This factor is modified in such a way as to make the final result independent of the scales. ...

In March 2009, the D0 Collaboration first observed the electroweak production of single top quarks at 5{sigma} significance. We measured the cross section for the combined s-channel and t-channel production modes, and set a lower limit on the CKM matrix element |V{sub tb}|. Since then, we have used the same dataset to measure the t-channel production mode ...

Models with extended quark sector affect the CP asymmetry in the BrightarrowpsiKS decay, apsiKS, in two ways: First, the top-mediated box diagram is not necessarily the only important contribution to B-bar B mixing. Second, the 3 � 3 CKM matrix is no longer unitary. We analyze the constraints that follow from the CDF measurement, apsiKS = 0.79+0.41-0.44, ...

We extend the T violating model of the paper on ``Hidden symmetry of the CKM and neutrino-mapping matrices'' by assuming its T-violating phases ?? and ?? to be large and the same, with ? = ?? = ??. In this case, the model has 9 real parameters: ??, ??, ??, ?? for the ?-quark sector, ??, ??, ??, ?? for the ? sector and a common ?. We examine whether these ...

Inclusive bottom hadron decays are analyzed based on the heavy quark effective field theory (HQEFT). Special attentions in this paper are paid to the b?u transitions and nonspectator effects. As a consequence, the CKM quark mixing matrix elements |Vub| and |Vcb| are reliably extracted from the inclusive semileptonic decays B?Xue? and ...

A summary of the most recent and important measurements in b physics is presented. The production of beauty particles in Z decays, b quark couplings, lifetimes, B{sup 0}-B{sup 0} oscillations, semileptonic b decays and studies of the number of charm quarks produced in b decays are reviewed. Extraction of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa ...

A nonsupersymmetric grand unified theory can exhibit a 'radiative fermion mass hierarchy', in which the heavier quarks and leptons get mass at tree level and the lighter ones get mass from loop diagrams. Recently the first predictive model of this type was proposed. Here it is analyzed numerically and it is shown to give an excellent fit to the ...

The lifetime differences of bottom hadrons are known to be properly explained within the framework of heavy quark effective field theory (HQEFT) of QCD via the inverse expansion of the dressed heavy quark mass. In general, the spectrum around the endpoint region is not well behaved due to the invalidity of 1/mQ expansion near the endpoint. The curve ...

Theoretical predictions for B decay rates are rewritten in terms of the Upsilon meson mass instead of the b quark mass, using a modified perturbation expansion. The theoretical consistency is shown both at low and high orders. This method improves the behavior of the perturbation series for inclusive and exclusive decay rates, and the largest theoretical error in the ...

Using the binary tetrahedral group T{sup '}, the three angles and phase of the quark CKM mixing matrix are pursued by symmetry-breaking which involves T{sup '}-doublet VEVs and the Chen-Mahanthappa CP-violation mechanism. The NMRT{sup '}M, next-to-minimal renormalizable-T{sup '} model is described, and its one parameter ...

In a simplified renormalizable model where the neutrinos have Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixings tan?2?12=(1)/(2), ?13=0, ?23=?/4 and with flavor symmetry T' there is a corresponding prediction where the quarks have Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mixings tan?2?12=(2)/(3), ?13=0, ?23=0.

These proceedings are based on lectures given at the Helmholtz International Summer School Heavy Quark Physics at the Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Dubna, Russia, during August 2008. I review the current status of CP violation in B meson decays from the B factories. These results can be used, along with measurements of the sides of the Unitarity Triangle, to ...

Recent analyses of charm spectroscopy from Fermilab fixed target experiment 687 are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the phenomenology of Cabibbo suppression in the meson sector. Such transitions have been observed in the semileptonic modes and hadronic modes. While the former transitions give us an opportunity to observe the weak current and the CKM matrix, a systematic ...

Recent analyses of charm spectroscopy from Fermilab fixed target experiment 687 are summarized. Emphasis is placed on the phenomenology of Cabibbo suppression in the meson sector. Such transitions have been observed in the semileptonic modes and hadronic modes. While the former transitions give us an opportunity to observe the weak current and the CKM matrix, a systematic ...

Charmless B meson decays provide an opportunity to measure the weak-interaction phases arising from the elements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrix and to search for phenomena outside the standard model, including charged Higgs bos...

The top quark is by far the heaviest known fundamental particle with a mass nearing that of a gold atom. Because of this strikingly high mass, the top quark has several unique properties and might play an important role in electroweak symmetry breaking---the mechanism that gives all elementary particles mass. Creating top quarks ...

The CDF II experiment and the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider are parts of the Fermi National Laboratories (Fermilab). The Fermilab is located in the vicinity of Chicago, USA. Today, the Tevatron is the only collider which is able to produce the heaviest known elementary particle, the top quark. The top quark was discovered at the Tevatron by the CDF ...

Without assuming any specific flavor symmetry and/or any specific mass-matrix forms, it is demonstrated that if an unbroken flavor symmetry exists, we cannot obtain the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix V and the Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (MNS) lepton mixing matrix U except for those between two families for the case with the completely ...

We make a detailed analysis of the proton decay in a supersymmetric SO(10) model proposed by K. Babu, I. Gogoladze, P. Nath, and R. Syed. We introduce quark mixing, and find that this model can generate fermion mass without breaking the experimental bound on proton decay. We also predict large Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) unitarity violations. The ...

We study the decays of heavy chiral (t',b') quarks in a four-generation extension of the standard model. If the difference between the t' and b' masses is smaller than the W� mass, as favored by precision electroweak measurements, then the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa favored, on-shell decay t'?b'W+ is forbidden. As a result, other t' decays have substantial branching ...

The primary goal of the BaBar and Belle experiments is to overconstrain the CKM Unitarity Triangle. Measurements of the angles of this triangle, known as {beta}, {alpha}, and {gamma} (or {phi}{sub 1}, {phi}{sub 2}, and {phi}{sub 3}) give insight into the Standard Model description of CP violation in the quark sector. BaBar and Belle have recorded almost 1 ...

The chiral constituent quark model with configuration mixing ( ? CQM config , which is successful in explaining the weak vector and axial-vector form factors for the strangeness-changing as well as strangeness-nonchanging hyperon semileptonic decays at Q 2 = 0 , has been extended to determine the CKM matrix element V us for the strangeness-changing decays. ...

The experimentally measured rates of the semileptonic decays K {yields} {pi}/{nu} and D {yields} K({pi})/{nu} can be combined with lattice calculations of the associated form factors to precisely extract the CKM matrix elements |V{sub us}| and |V{sub cs(d)}|. We report on the status of form factor calculations with Fermilab charm quarks and staggered light ...

The quark and neutrino mixing matrices, V and Vv, are written as a linear combination of the unit matrix I and a hermitian unitary matrix (U and Uv). Thus, V = costhetaI + isinthetaU and Vv = costhetavI + isinthetavUv. In general, the matrix V (Vv) depends on only 3 real parameters including theta (thetav). Our ansatz gives a good fit of the available data on the ...

Different ansaetze for the breaking of the flavor permutational symmetry according to S{sub L}(3) x S{sub R}(3) superset of S{sub L}(2) x S{sub R}(2) give different Hermitian mass matrices which differ in the symmetry breaking pattern. In this work we obtain a clear and precise indication on the preferred symmetry breaking pattern. The preferred pattern allows us to compute the ...

There are experimental indications of large flavor mixing between � and � . In the unification models, in which the massless sector includes extra particles beyond the standard model, there possibly appear the mixings between quarks (leptons) and the extra particles. When large mixings occur, lepton flavor mixings can be quite different from quark ...

We analyze constraints on a class of extended technicolor (ETC) models from neutral flavor-changing processes induced by (dimension-six) four-fermion operators. The ETC gauge group is taken to commute with the standard model gauge group. The models in the class are distinguished by how the left- and right-handed (L,R) components of the quarks and charged leptons transform ...

We analyze constraints on a class of extended technicolor (ETC) models from neutral flavor-changing processes induced by (dimension-six) four-fermion operators. The ETC gauge group is taken to commute with the standard model gauge group. The models in the class are distinguished by how the left- and right-handed (L,R) components of the quarks and charged leptons transform ...

Accurate numerical solution of the five-body Schrodinger equation is effected via variational Monte Carlo in a correlated quark model. The spectrum is assumed to exhibit a narrow resonance with strangeness S = +1. A fully antisymmetrized and pair-correlat...

We study the problem to accurately account for the heavy quark threshold effects in hard processes. We employ the direction perturbative Feynman diagram analysis and the Stueckelberg-Bogoliubov massive renormalization group formalism to show that both met...

Early scattering experiments revealed that the proton was not a point particle but a bound state of many quarks and gluons. Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments have accurately determined the probability of struck quarks carrying a fraction of the ...

The authors show that it is now possible to fully determine the CKM matrix, for the first time, using lattice QCD. |V{sub cd}|, |V{sub cs}|, |V{sub ub}|, |V{sub cb}| and |V{sub us}| are, respectively, directly determined with the lattice results for form factors of semileptonic D {yields} {pi}lv, D {yields} Klv, B {yields} {pi}lv, B {yields} Dlv and K {yields} {pi}lv decays. ...

The study of the semileptonic B-meson decays is the most accessible and cleanest way to determine the CKM matrix elements |V{sub cb}| and V{sub ub}. These decays also provide experimental access to study the QCD form-factors, heavy quark masses, and HQE parameters. The theoretical description of semileptonic B-meson decays at the parton level is very ...

A modified version of PQCD considered in previous works is investigated here in the case of retaining only the quark condensate. The Green function generating functional is expressed in a form in which Dirac�s delta functions are now absent from the free propagators. The new expansion implements the dimensional transmutation effect through a single interaction vertex in ...

Great progress has been made in last year in determining the properties of B mesons. Of particular interest is the determination of the couplings for the weak decays of quarks which in the standard model can be described by the unitary Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mixing matrix. The elements V{sub cb} and V{sub ub} can be measured directly in the ...

A simple relation U=VCKM�U between the lepton and quark mixing matrices (U and V) is speculated under an ansatz that U becomes an exact tribimaximal mixing U in a limit V=1. By using the observed CKM mixing parameters, possible values of neutrino oscillation parameters are estimated: sin?=0.024 0.028, sin2?=0.94 0.95 and tan?=0.24 1.00 depending on phase ...

Using 180 pb{sup -1} of data collected with the CDF II detector at the Tevatron, we measure the first two moments of the hadronic invariant mass-squared distribution in charmed semileptonic B decays. From these we determine the non-perturbative Heavy Quark Effective Theory parameters {Lambda} and {lambda}{sub 1} used to relate the B meson semileptonic branching ratio to the ...

This article reports on first evidence for single top-quark production by the CDF and D0 collaboration at the Tevatron. Both experiments have measured the cross section with more the 3 standard deviations significance using a data set that corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.2 fb{sup -1} and 0.9 fb{sup -1}, respectively. Also direct measurements of the ...

We present first evidence for the production of single top quarks at the Fermilab Tevatron p{bar p} collider. Both D0 and CDF experiments have measured the single top production cross section with a 3-standard-deviation significance using 0.9 fb{sup -1} and 2.2 fb{sup -1} of lepton+jets data, respectively. A direct measurement of the CKM matrix element ...

In the standard electroweak model, the sole source of CP violation is a CP violating phase of the CKM quark mixing matrix. The minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model offers a large number of possible new sources of CP violation; these include both flavor dependent and flavor independent sources. These CP violating effects are studied in ...

Several new and updated BABAR measurements of sin 2{beta} are presented, together with the latest constraints on the Unitarity Triangle angles {alpha} and {gamma}. The higher statistics now available allow more sophisticated analysis techniques, such as time-dependent Dalitz plot fitting. Combined world-average results place tight constraints on the Unitarity Triangle. There is good agreement ...

We present empirical relations that connect the dimensionless ratios of low energy fermion masses for the charged lepton, up-type quark and down-type quark sectors and the CKM elements: leftlvert V_{us}rightrvert ? [ md/ms ]^{1/2} ? [ mu/mc ]^{1/4} ? 3 [ me/m_{?} ]^{1/2} and 1/2 leftlvert V_{cb}/V_{us}rightrvert ? [ ms3/m_{b2md} ...

As one of the fashionable techniques for nuclear spectroscopy experiments, the beam manipulation in gas-filled Penning traps permits the accurate measurement of some of the ground state properties of exotic nuclides. It was recently applied using REXTRAP for the measurement of the half-life of 38Ca, one of the 0+ ? 0+ ?-decaying nuclide of interest for the determination of the ...

Top quark decays are interesting as a mean to test the Standard Model (SM) predictions. The Cabbibo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)-suppressed process t{yields}cWW, and the rare decays t{yields}cZ, t{yields}H{sup 0}+c, and t{yields}c{gamma} an excellent window to probe the predictions of theories beyond the SM. We evaluate the flavor changing neutral currents ...

We report studies of semileptonic decays, B {yields} X{sub c}{ell}{nu}, based on a sample of 88 million B{bar B} events recorded with the BABAR detector. We have measured four moments of the electron energy and hadronic mass distributions and determined the inclusive branching fraction, the CKM matrix element |V{sub cb}|, and other heavy quark parameters, ...

The hierarchy of fermion masses and electroweak (EW) symmetry breaking without elementary Higgs is studied on the basis of strong gauge-field distributions governing the EW dynamics. The mechanism of symmetry breaking due to quark bilinear condensation is generalized to the case, when higher field correlators are present in the EW vacuum. Resulting wave functional yields ...

We propose a novel method of measuring the CKM matrix element V{sub ub}, via inclusive B decays to ''wrong sign'' charm. This process is mediated by the quark level decay b{yields}uc(bar sign)s{sup '}. When normalized to the inclusive semileptonic decay rate, the theoretical expression is very well behaved, with ...

These lectures are intended to provide an introduction to heavy meson decays and CP violation. The first lecture contains a brief review of the standard model and how the CKM matrix and CP violation arise, mixing and CP violation in neutral meson systems, and explanation of the cleanliness of the sin 2{beta} measurement. The second lecture deals with the heavy ...

The D0 Collaboration presents first evidence for the production of single top quarks at the Fermilab Tevatron p{bar p} collider. Using a 0.9 fb{sup -1} dataset, we apply a multivariate analysis to separate signal from background and measure {sigma}(p{bar p} {yields} tb + X, tqb + X) = 4.9 {+-} 1.4 pb. The probability to measure a cross section at this value or higher in the ...

The dominant long-distance contributions to the exclusive radiative decays B -> ?(?) + ? involve photon emission from light quarks at large distances, which cannot be treated perturbatively. We point out that this emission can be described in a theoretically consistent way as the magnetic excitation of quarks in the QCD vacuum and estimate the ...

We have developed some general ways of studying nonleptonic decays and CP-nonvariance: the Quark Diagram Scheme, which has been very useful in making predictions, and in analyzing data and model-calculations. For the quark-mixing matrix of Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM), we have constructed, inspired by the Wolfenstein parametrization ...

We classify all possible implementations of an Abelian symmetry in the two-Higgs-doublet model with fermions. We identify those symmetries which are consistent with nonvanishing quark masses and a Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix (CKM), which is not block-diagonal. Our analysis takes us from a plethora of possibilities ...

The author demonstrates that a relativistic constituent quark model can give nucleon form factors that agree well with recent, accurate measurements. The relativistic features of the model and the specific form of the wave function are essential for the result.

The quark-lepton complementarity (QLC) relations indicate a deep structure that interrelates quarks and leptons. We propose new scenarios, in a seesaw framework with discrete A4 flavor symmetry, which can accommodate the QLC relations and the nonzero neutrino mixing angle ?13 together with all the available neutrino experimental data, in a consistent way ...

We present a fit to measured moments of inclusive distributions in B?Xc??� and B?Xs? decays to extract values for the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element |Vcb|, the b- and c-quark masses, and higher-order parameters that appear in the heavy quark expansion. The fit is carried out using theoretical calculations in the ...

We present results for meson masses and decay constants measured on 24{sup 3} x 64 lattices using the domain wall fermion formulation with an extension of the fifth dimension of L{sub s} = 16 for N{sub f} 2 + 1 dynamical quark flavors. The lightest dynamical meson mass in our set-up is around 331MeV. while partially quenched mesons reach masses as low as 250MeV. The ...

This report contains the results of the Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle that was held at CERN on 13-16 February 2002. There had been several Workshops on B physics that concentrated on studies at e{sup +}e{sup -} machines, at the Tevatron, or at LHC separately. Here we brought together experts of different fields, both theorists and experimentalists, to study the ...

This report contains the results of the Workshop on the CKM Unitarity Triangle that was held at CERN on 13-16 February 2002. There had been several Workshops on B physics that concentrated on studies at e{sup +}e{sup -} machines, at the Tevatron, or at LHC separately. Here we brought together experts of different fields, both theorists and experimentalists, to study the ...

The top quark is by far the heaviest known fundamental particle with a mass nearing that of a gold atom. Because of this strikingly high mass, the top quark has several unique properties and might play an important role in electroweak symmetry breaking - the mechanism that gives all elementary particles mass. Creating top quarks ...

We study the prospects of measuring the CKM matrix element |V| at the LHC with the top quarks produced in the processes pp?tt�X and pp?t/t�X, and the subsequent decays t?W+s and t�?W?s�. To reduce the jet activity in top quark decays, we insist on tagging the W� leptonically, W�??�? (?=e,?,?), and analyse the anticipated ...

Traditional methods of species classification and identification of the organism are based on morphological, physiological, biochemical, developmental and nutritional characteristics. Accurate assignment of taxonomic status to the new biologically active microbial isolates through existing bioinformatics methods is now very essential and also helpful in chemical ...

We describe results for the confinement-deconfinement phase transition as predicted by the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model where the local and quantum Polyakov loop is coupled to the constituent quarks in a minimal way (PNJL). We observe that the leading correlation of two Polyakov loops describes the chiral transition accurately. The effects of the current ...

Early scattering experiments revealed that the proton was not a point particle but a bound state of many quarks and gluons. Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments have accurately determined the probability of struck quarks carrying a fraction of the proton's momentum. The current generation of experiments and Lattice QCD ...

Early scattering experiments revealed that the proton was not a point particle but a bound state of many quarks and gluons. Deep inelastic scattering (DIS) experiments have accurately determined the probability of struck quarks carrying a fraction of the proton's momentum. The current generation of experiments and Lattice QCD ...

The determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix element Vud is reviewed. Data from 0+ ? 0+ superallowed beta decay in nuclei, neutron decay, beta decay of odd-mass mirror nuclei and pion beta decay are considered. Theoretical radiative and isospin-symmetry breaking corrections are applied. The most precise result comes from the nuclear 0+ ? 0+ decays, which ...

Differential distributions for heavy quark production depend on the heavy quark mass and other momentum scales, which can yield additional large logarithms and inhibit accurate predictions. Logarithms involving the heavy quark mass can be summed in heavy quark parton distribution functions in ...

An accurate determination of the top-quark pair production cross-section at the LHC provides a valuable check of the Standard Model. In this article we present a commissioning analysis to measure to quark cross section with the ATLAS detector. The cross section is determined in the semileptonic channel using a counting method, based ...

An accurate determination of the top-quark pair production cross-section at the LHC provides a valuable check of the Standard Model. In this article we present a commissioning analysis to measure to quark cross section with the ATLAS detector. The cross section is determined in the semileptonic channel using a counting method, based ...

In this article we investigate the consequences of radiative flavor violation (RFV) in the minimal supersymmetric standard model. In this framework the small off-diagonal elements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix and the small quark masses of the first two generations are generated from the trilinear supersymmetry-breaking terms. The impact of ...

We investigate the experimentally allowed parameter space of an extension of the standard model (SM3) by one additional family of fermions. Therefore we extend our previous study of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM)-like mixing constraints of a fourth generation of quarks. In addition to the bounds from tree-level determinations of the 3�3 ...

We give a review of the status of the global effort to measure the sides of the CKM Unitarity Triangle.

We present an explicit on-shell framework to renormalize the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark mixing matrix at the one-loop level. It is based on a novel procedure to separate the external-leg mixing corrections into gauge-independent self-mass (sm) and gauge-dependent wave-function renormalization contributions, and to adjust nondiagonal mass ...

Consequences of a specific class of two Higgs doublet models in which the Higgs induced tree level flavor changing neutral currents (FCNC) display minimal flavor violation are considered. These FCNC are fixed in terms of the Cabibbo Kobayashi Maskawa (CKM) matrix elements and the down quark masses. The minimal model in this category with only two Higgs ...

A linear relation between Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing parameters, {eta}=tan{phi}{sub 3/2}({rho}-0.24{+-}0.03), involving a 1{sigma} range for {phi}{sub 3/2}, 20 deg. <{phi}{sub 3/2}<115 deg., is obtained from B{sup 0}{yields}K*{pi} amplitudes measured recently in Dalitz plot analyses of B{sup 0}{yields}K{sup +}{pi}{sup ...

A sequential fourth generation is still viable, but the t' and b' quarks are constrained not to be too far apart in mass. The t'?bW and b'?tW decay channels are still being pursued at the Tevatron, which will soon be surpassed by the LHC. We use a convolution method with up to five-body final states to study t' and b' decays. We show how the two decay branches for mb' below ...

After the first observation of the inclusive single top-quark production in the s- and t-channels by CDF and D0, both Tevatron collaborations combined their measurements using the distributions of their multivariate discriminants. A Bayesian analysis is used to extract the cross section at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV from 3.2 fb{sup -1} (CDF) and 2.3 fb{sup -1} (D0) of ...

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the ...

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the ...

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2778 new measurements from 645 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the ...

This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2633 new measurements from 689 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the ...

We study the evolution of R-parity-violating (RPV) couplings in the minimum supersymmetric standard model, between the electroweak and grand unification scales, assuming a family hierarchy for these coupling strengths. Particular attention is given to solutions where both the R-conserving and R-violating top quark Yukawa couplings simultaneously approach infrared fixed points; ...

In the Standard Model, CP violation in weak interactions involving quarks is parameterized by an irreducible complex phase in the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing-matrix. The precise determination of the CKM elements is a necessary ingredient for a stringent test of the Standard Model predictions, and ...

Top quarks are predominantly produced in pairs via the strong interaction in {bar p}p collisions at {radical}s = 1.96 TeV . The top quark has a weak isospin 1/2, composing a weak isospin doublet with the bottom quark. This characteristic predicts not only top quark pair production via strong interaction but also ...

We present determinations of the -meson decay constant f(B) and f(B)(s)/f(B) using the MILC Collaboration unquenched gauge configurations, which include three flavors of light sea quarks. The mass of one of the sea quarks is kept around the strange quark mass, and we explore a range in masses for the two lighter sea ...

We present determinations of the B-meson decay constant f{sub B} and of the ratio f{sub B{sub s}}/f{sub B} using the MILC Collaboration unquenched gauge configurations, which include three flavors of light sea quarks. The mass of one of the sea quarks is kept around the strange quark mass, and we explore a range in masses for the two ...

We investigate the {epsilon}{prime}/{epsilon} for K{r_arrow}{pi}{pi} in a sequential fourth generation model. By giving the basic formulas for {epsilon}{prime}/{epsilon} in this model, we analyze the numerical results which are dependent on m{sub t{prime}} and the imaginary part of the fourth CKM factor, ImV{sub t{prime}s}{sup *}V{sub t{prime}d} (or V{sub t{prime}s}{sup ...

By using the highly improved staggered quark formalism to handle charm, strange, and light valence quarks in full lattice QCD, and NRQCD to handle bottom valence quarks, we are able to determine accurately ratios of the B meson vector-pseudoscalar mass splittings, in particular, ...

I present results for two-loop soft anomalous dimensions for heavy quark production which control soft-gluon resummation at next-to-next-to-leading-logarithm accuracy. I derive an explicit expression for the exact result and study it numerically for top quark production via e(+)e(-)-->tt, and I construct a surprisingly simple but very ...

The top quark is generally produced in quark and anti-quark pairs. However, the Standard Model also predicts the production of only one top quark which is mediated by the electroweak interaction, known as 'Single Top'. Single Top quark production is important because it ...

The standard model of elementary particle physics (SM) predicts, besides the top-quark pair production via the strong interaction, also the electroweak production of single top-quarks [19]. Up to now, the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton-collider is the only place to produce and study top quarks emerging from ...

It is shown that in the scheme with a rotating fermion mass matrix (i.e. one with a scale-dependent orientation in generation space) suggested earlier for explaining fermion mixing and mass hierarchy, the theta angle term in the QCD action of topological origin can be eliminated by chiral transformations, while giving still nonzero masses to all quarks. Instead, the effects of ...

A model-independent determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark-mixing matrix (CKM) element V{sub us} from five measured strangeness-changing hyperon semileptonic decays is performed. Flavor SU(3) symmetry breaking effects in the leading vector and axial-vector form factors are analyzed in the framework of the 1/N{sub c} expansion of QCD. A fit to ...

We analyze the semileptonic rare decays of the B meson to K1(1270) and K1(1400) axial vector mesons. The B ? K1(1270, 1400)ell+ell? decays are significant flavor-changing neutral current decays of the B meson. These decays are sensitive to the new physics beyond the standard model (SM), since these processes are forbidden at tree level at SM. These decays occurring at the ...

The main physics goals of a high luminosity e{sup +}e{sup -} flavor factory are discussed, including the possibilities to perform detailed studies of the CKM mechanism of quark mixing, and constrain virtual Higgs and Non-Standard Model particle contributions to the dynamics of rare B{sub u,d,s} decays. The large samples of D mesons and {tau} leptons ...

In a simplified renormalizable model where the neutrinos have Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) mixings tan{sup 2}{theta}{sub 12}=(1/2), {theta}{sub 13}=0, {theta}{sub 23}={pi}/4 and with flavor symmetry T{sup '} there is a corresponding prediction where the quarks have Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) mixings tan2{theta}{sub ...

We present results on semileptonic B decays obtained with the BABAR detector. The large data set accumulated at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy B-Factory allows a new measurement technique, where the hadronic decay of one B meson is fully reconstructed and the semileptonic decay of the recoiling B meson is studied. Traditional analysis techniques of inclusive and exclusive B decays complement this ...

Radiative and electroweak penguin decays of B mesons are flavor-changing-neutral-current processes that provide powerful ways to test the Standard Model at the one-loop level, to search for the effects of new physics, and to extract Standard Model parameters such as CKM matrix elements and quark masses. The large data samples obtained by the B-factory ...

Exclusive B decays can be factorized as convolutions of hard scattering amplitudes involving the weak interaction with universal hadron distribution amplitudes, thus providing a new QCD-based phenomenology. In addition, semi-leptonic decay amplitudes can be computed exactly in terms of the diagonal and off-diagonal {Delta} = 2 overlap of hadronic light-cone wavefunctions. I review these formalisms ...

Noting the hierarchy between three mixing angles, ?2,3=O(?12), we present an exact form of the quark mixing matrix, replacing Wolfenstein�s approximate form. In addition, we suggest to rotate the unitarity triangle, using the weak CP phase convention where the phase is located at the (31) element sin??1sin??2ei? while the (13) element sin??1sin??3 is real. For the (ab) ...

We present observation of electroweak single top quark production using 3.2 fb{sup -1} of data collected by the CDF experiment. Candidate events are selected for further classification by five parallel analysis techniques: one using a likelihood discriminant, one using a matrix-element discriminant, one using decision trees, one using a neural network, and one using a ...

In order to decide whether the B Factory is significantly testing the standard CKM model of CP violation, and to determine the ``reach'' of the B factory in ruling out ``new physics'' models, we need several alternate but full physical models for comparison. The flavor changing neutral current (FCNC) model resulting from extra weak iso-singlet down quarks, ...

A large CP-violating phase uncovered recently by CDF and D� Collaborations in the time-dependent CP asymmetry (CPA) of the B?J/?? decay clearly indicates that a non-Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) phase has to be brought into the b?s transition. We find that the model with SU2 singlet exotic quarks cannot only provide the new phase induced from the ...

This dissertation presents a measurement of the CKM matrix element |V{sub ub}| made with a sample of 64 million B{bar B} events collected with the BABAR detector. Using Heavy Quark theory, we combine the observed yield of leptons from semileptonic B decay in the electron energy interval 2.1-2.6 GeV with a recent CLEO measurement of the B {yields} X{sub ...

This thesis describes a measurement of the B{sub d}{sup 0} lifetime in the decay to (J/{psi}K{sub S}{sup 0}), using 114 pb{sup -1} of data collected by the D0 experiment at the Tevatron from October 15, 2002, to June 10, 2003. The measurement is motivated by the tests of the Standard Model that it makes possible. These include tests of Heavy Quark Effective Theory predicting ...

We present a measurement of CP asymmetry using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of B0??+?-?0 decays based on a 414fb-1 data sample containing 449�106BB� pairs. The data was collected on the ?(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e+e- collider. Combining our analysis with information on charged B decay modes, we perform a full Dalitz and isospin analysis and ...

indicates that 2|Vub / Vcb/ Vus| = (1-z) with z given by z = 0.19 +(-) 0.14. This fact implies that irrespective of the form of the quark Yukawa matrices, the measured value of the SM CP phase beta is approximately the maximum allowed by the measured absolute values of the CKM elements. This is beta = pi/6 - z/sqrt{3} for gamma = pi/3 + z/sqrt{3}, which ...

We study the structure of fermionic mass eigenstates in a pure four-dimensional deconstruction approach. Unlike the case with the usual higher dimensional deconstruction (or latticized extra dimension), here the doubling of fermionic degrees of freedom is physical, thus there is no need to invoke Wilson terms to eliminate them. The fermionic structure is shaped by two key factors, namely, the ...

Using BABAR measurements of the inclusive electron spectrum in B {yields} X{sub u}e{nu} decays and the inclusive photon spectrum in B {yields} X{sub s}{gamma} decays, we extract the magnitude of the CKM matrix element V{sub ub}. The extraction is based on theoretical calculations designed to reduce the theoretical uncertainties by exploiting the assumption that the leading ...

Using BABAR measurements of the inclusive electron spectrum in B {yields} X{sub u}e{nu} decays and the inclusive photon spectrum in B {yields} X{sub s}{gamma} decays, we extract the magnitude of the CKM matrix element V{sub ub}. The extraction is based on several theoretical calculations designed to reduce the theoretical uncertainties by exploiting the assumption that the ...

We discuss some aspects of the search for CP asymmetry in the three body B decays, revealed through the interference among neighbor resonances in the Dalitz plot. We propose a competitive method to extract the CKM ? angle combining Dalitz plot amplitude analysis of B�?K�?+?- and untagged B0, B�0?Ks?+?-. The method also obtains the ratio and phase difference between the ...

The CKM matrix element amplitude |V{sub cb}| was determined using the data collected by the BABAR detector. The partial branching fraction, lepton-energy moments, and hadron-mass moments were measured in inclusive semileptonic decays B {yields} X{sub c}{ell}{nu}. A global fit to a Heavy-Quark-Expansion calculation allowed precise determination of |V{sub ...

Using data recorded at centre-of-mass energies around 183 and 189GeV with the OPAL detector at LEP, the fundamental coupling of the charm quark to the /W boson has been studied. The ratio RcW??(W-->cX)/?(W-- >hadrons) has been measured from jet properties, lifetime information, and leptons produced in charm decays. A value compatible with the Standard Model expectation ...

The study of the semileptonic B decays at BABAR is presented. The results shown include measurements of the moments of hadronic-mass and electron-energy of the decay B {yields} X{sub c}{ell}{nu}; a determination of the |V{sub cb}| CKM matrix element and other heavy quark parameters from a simultaneous fit to the moments using kinetic scheme of Operator ...

The top quark produced through the electroweak channel provides a direct measurement of the Vtb element in the CKM matrix which can be viewed as a transition rate of a top quark to a bottom quark. This production channel of top quark is also sensitive to different theories beyond the Standard ...

In this article I report on new and updated measurements of the CP-violating parameter {beta}({phi}{sub 1}), which is related to the phase of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) quark-mixing matrix of the electroweak interaction. Over the past few years, {beta} has become the most precisely known parameter of the CKM unitarity triangle ...

The difference of vector and axial-vector charged current correlators is analyzed by means of QCD sum rules. The contribution of 10-dimensional 4-quark condensates is calculated and its value is estimated within the framework of the factorization hypothesis. It is compared to the result obtained from an operator fit of Borel sum rules in the complex q 2-plane, calculated from ...

The form factor for gamma pi{sup +} -> pi{sup +} pi{sup 0} was calculated in a simple-minded constituent model with a constant quark mass parameter, as well as in the Schwinger-Dyson approach. The comparative discussion of these and various other theoretical results on this anomalous process, as well as the scarce already available data (hopefully to be supplemented by ...

We present an introduction to accurate measurements of the weak neutral current in the elastic scattering of longitudinally polarized electrons off hadronic targets, and show how they can provide new and stringent limits on the contribution of strange quarks to the nucleon form factors. Such a contribution is of particular interest for the study of nucleon ...

Recently, the high polarized luminosity available at Jefferson Lab (JLab) has allowed the study of the nucleon spin structure at an unprecedented precision, enabling us to access the hard-to-reach valence quark (high-x) region and also to accurately map the intermediate to low Q{sup 2} region. The high-x region is of special interest, because this is where ...

Studying B-physics at hadron accelerators requires a good understanding of the total and differential cross sections for b-quark production. This knowledge gives those involved in B{bar B} mixing, rare B decays, and those trying to determine the CKM angles {alpha}, {beta}, and {gamma} an idea of how many events they can expect, given the luminosity and the ...

Studying B-physics at hadron accelerators requires a good understanding of the total and differential cross sections for b-quark production. This knowledge gives those involved in B(bar B) mixing, rare B decays, and those trying to determine the CKM angles (alpha), (beta), and (gamma) an idea of how many events they can expect, given the luminosity and the ...

The zeta-family of bound states, formed by the anticipated t-quark and its antiquark, is discussed. The quantitative connection between the zeta-spectroscopy and the short distance behavior of the quark-antiquark potential is examined. It is pointed out that the next quarkonium system will lead to an accurate determination of the QCD ...

Charmonium, the set of bound states of a charmed quark and its antiquark, have provided considerable insight into the strong forces between quarks and antiquarks. Furthermore, improved nonperturbative QCD inspired phenomenological potential function calculations may allow extraction of a very accurate value of ..cap alpha../sub s/ ...

We explore the possibilities of experimental studying the anomalous damping of quark and gluon collective excitations in hot hadronic matter (zeta)(sub q,g) (proportional to) g(sup 2)Tln(1/g) calculated accurately in our recent work. We show that this stu...

Despite more than thirty years having elapsed since the discovery of CP violation, our understanding about the source and the nature of this phenomenon is still very limited. In the standard model of particle physics, CP violation is due to the presence of an non-irreducible weak phase in the Cabibbo-Kabayashi-Maskawa(CKM) matrix. Up to now, all the experimental results are in ...

We consider models that are natural extensions of those where supersymmetry is broken at low energy scales and transmitted to visible matter by gauge interactions. We investigate the situation where the quark and lepton superfields of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) are localized to a brane in a higher dimensional space while the messenger fields and the ...

We present an extensive analysis of squark and gaugino hadroproduction and decays in non-minimal flavour violating supersymmetry. We employ the so-called super-CKM basis to define the possible misalignment of quark and squark rotations, and we use generalized (possibly complex) charges to define the mutual couplings of (s)quarks and ...

We propose new classes of models which predict both tri-bimaximal lepton mixing and a right-angled Cabibbo�Kobayashi�Maskawa (CKM) unitarity triangle, ??90�. The ingredients of the models include a supersymmetric (SUSY) unified gauge group such as SU(5), a discrete family symmetry such as A or S, a shaping symmetry including products of Z and Z groups as well as ...

We report the observation of single top-quark production using 3.2 fb(-1) of pp[over ] collision data with sqrt[s]=1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The significance of the observed data is 5.0 standard deviations, and the expected sensitivity for standard model production and decay is in excess of 5.9 standard deviations. Assuming m(t) = 175 GeV/c(2), ...

We present the observation of electroweak single top-quark production using 3.2 fb{sup -1} of data collected by the CDF experiment. Candidate events are selected for further classification by four parallel analysis techniques: one likelihood discriminant, one matrix-element discriminant, one decision-tree discriminant, and one neural-network discriminant. These outputs are ...

We report on the observation of single top quark production by the D0 collaboration using a dataset of 2.3 fb{sup -1} collected at the Fermilab Tevatron p{bar p} collider. Several multivariate techniques are combined to separate the single top signal from backgrounds. The measured single top cross section is {sigma}{sub tb+tqb} = 3.94 {+-} 0.88 pb. The probability to measure a ...

We report a combination of the CDF and D0 measurements of the inclusive single top quark production cross section in the s- and t-channels, {sigma}{sub s+t}, in p{bar p} collisions at a center of mass energy of 1.96 TeV. The total integrated luminosity included in CDF's analysis is 3.2 fb{sup -1} and D0's analysis has 2.3 fb{sup -1}. A Bayesian analysis is ...

We study the phenomenology of color-octet scalars in the (8 representation in the context of the 3.2? excess, in the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the W+jj final state, recently observed by the CDF Collaboration. We consider the region of parameter space with a sizable mass splitting between the charged and neutral color-octet scalars and consistent with electroweak precision data. We implement ...