The N, N2 system is studied to yield rate coefficients and cross sections for molecular dissociation

The N, N2 system is studied to yield rate coefficients and cross sections for molecular dissociation under conditions important for assessing nonequilibrium heating of hypersonic vehicles. First principle calculations are used to generate realistic nuclea...

Predictive modeling of solute transport requires accurate measurement or estimation of geochemical adsorption and ion exchange parameters for a given rock-fluid system. One such parameter is the distribution coefficient (Kd) used to predict the rate of mo...

The flowing-afterglow technique in conjunction with computer modeling of the flowing plasma has been used to determine accurate dissociative-recombination rate coefficients alpha for the ions O2(+), HCO(+), CH5(+), C2H5(+), H3O(+), CO2(+), HCO2(+), HN2O(+...

In order to explain O I lines in the tropical nightglow, complete and reasonably accurate recombination and emission rate coefficients are used to construct a detailed radiative cascade model of a recombining oxygen plasma. Effective recombination coeffic...

... CO + O Chemiluminescence: Rate Coefficient and Spectral Distribution,. ... Chemiluminescence, *Reaction kinetics, Coefficients, Rates, Spectral ...

Investigations have been conducted that confirm the theoretical predictions that changes in flow velocity and bed geometry have negligible effects on the adsorption coefficients for krypton and xenon in systems in which the adsorbate has a linear adsorption isotherm. These findings are important because they make possible the design of simple standardized tests for determining ...

Recently, several molecular anions have been detected in the interstellar medium. Accurate modelling of their microwave emission spectra requires the calculation of rates for rotational excitations by collisions with the most abundant species. We report the first collisional data for an interstellar anion, the rate ...

The effect of temperature on the kinetics of growth, substrate metabolism, and perchloroethylene (PCE) dechlorination by a methanogenic consortium is reported. In all cases, a simple kinetic model accurately reflected experimental data. Values for the substrate and methane yield coefficients, and the maximum specific growth rate are ...

A methodology to calculate the friction coefficient of an aggregate in the continuum regime is proposed. The friction coefficient and the monomer shielding factors, aggregate-average or individual, are related to the molecule-aggregate collision rate that is obtained from the molecular diffusion equation with an absorbing boundary ...

Discharges through 10 selected coastal control structures in Broward and Palm Beach Counties, Florida, are presently computed using the theoretical discharge-coefficient ratings developed from scale modeling, theoretical discharge coefficients, and some field calibrations whose accuracies for specific sites are unknown. To achieve more ...

State-selected rate coefficients for the capture of ground and rotationally excited homonuclear molecules by ions are calculated, for low temperatures, within the adiabatic channel classical (ACCl) approximation, and, for zero temperature, via an approximate calculation of the Bethe limit. In the intermediate temperature range, the ...

An artificial neural network (ANN) is investigated as a tool for estimating rate coefficients for the collisional excitation of molecules. The performance of such a tool can be evaluated by testing it on a data set of collisionally induced transitions for which rate coefficients are already known: the network is ...

A convenient method for evaluation of biochemical reaction rate coefficients and their uncertainties is described. The motivation for developing this method was the complexity of existing statistical methods for analysis of biochemical rate equations, as well as the shortcomings of linear approaches, such as Lineweaver-Burk plots. The ...

We show that the dynamics of stock prices can be accurately described as a continuous time random walk with a time dependent diffusion coefficient. The time evolution of the diffusion coefficient can be derived from tick by tick databases provided the stock price is characterized in terms of a couple of values describing the best ask ...

A subgrid-scale model is presented for the scalar dissipation rate in nonpremixed turbulent reacting flows. Inputs to the model are the filtered density, the Favre- filtered temperature and the Favre-filtered misture-fraction. The model contains a coefficient which is determined by assuming a form for the scalar energy spectrum. Inputs to the presumed ...

In absorption processes of acid gases (H[sub 2]S, CO[sub 2], COS) in alkanolamine solutions, diffusion coefficients are used for the calculation of the mass transfer rate. The Taylor dispersion technique was applied for the determination of diffusion coefficients of various systems. Experiments with the system KCl in water showed that ...

... ELECTRON EXCITATION AND IONIZATION RATE NRL problem. ... 0 Momentum transfer rate coefficient Ionization rate coefficient 02 20. ...

We combine new accurate calculations, asymptotic relations, and available experimental data to construct an H^- photodetachment cross section reliable for a large range of photon energies. In particular, account is taken of the series of auto-detaching shape and Feshbach resonances between 10.92 and 14.35 eV. The accuracy of the cross section is controlled by ensuring that it ...

... 2.5. In addition, the TPA coefficient depends sensitively on the photoexcited carrier density in small gap materials. The ...

State-specific rate coefficients for dissociation of H_2 as the result of collisions with H_2 were calculated for all combinations of (v,j) with internal energy below 1 eV. Full dimensional quasiclassical trajectories with the chemically accurate BMKP interaction potential were used with a minimum of 80000 trajectories per energy ...

We construct an effective "quantum force" to be used in the classical molecular dynamics part of the classical Wigner method when determining correlation functions. The quantum force is obtained by estimating the most important short time separation of the Feynman paths that enter into the expression for the correlation function. The evaluation of the force is then as easy as classical potential ...

Ethanol is a reagent of particular interest due to its increased use as an alternative fuel. Despite its importance, there is still uncertainty associated with the mechanism of the reaction of hydroxyl (OH) radicals with ethanol at atmospheric temperatures. An accurate understanding of the rate coefficient and mechanism for this ...

A detailed and large-scaled calculation is performed on the total electron impact excitation rate coefficients from the ground state to the 106 fine-structure levels in 3l-14l' of Ni-like Gd36+ employing the relativistic configuration-interaction distorted-wave approximation. The resonance contributions from 3l174l'n''l'' and 3l175l'n''l'' doubly-excited ...

Context: The Herschel Space Observatory with its high-resolution instrument HIFI on board will observe the CH+ 1?0 and 2?1 rotational transitions in a wide range of gas temperatures up to 1000 K. Collisional parameters for such temperatures are thus welcome. Aims: We aim to obtain accurate rate coefficients for the collisional ...

... Z39-1 Page 2. SAIA A_ AIAA 92-0172 Identification of Aerodynamic Coefficients ... entiable. Accurate representations of aerodynamic coefficients ...

We present analytic fits to charge exchange rate coefficients over the full range of temperatures which occurs in photoionized or shock-heated plasmas. We consider reactions between neutral hydrogen and all elements with parent ion charge {ital q}=1{minus}4 up to {ital Z}=30. Many rates were obtained from various sources in the ...

... Rate Coefficients for V yields T Transfer ... DECAY, RARE GASES, RATES, COEFFICIENTS ... RELAXATION, TIME, TRANSFER, VIBRATION, YIELD. ...

The spatial brightness profiles of Ar and Kr ions have been measured during a set of experiments in which these gases were puffed into FTU (Frascati Tokamak Upgrade) and Alcator C-Mod tokamak plasmas. These profiles were measured by spatially scanning photometrically calibrated vuv and x-ray spectrometers covering 3 to 1700 Aa on a shot to shot basis. Several simulations of these profiles were ...

... Title : Flow Coefficients of Monosleeve Valves. Descriptive Note : Technical rept. ... Descriptors : *SLEEVE VALVES, FLOW RATE, COEFFICIENTS. ...

We report extensive, accurate fully quantum, time-independent calculations of cross sections at low collision energies, and rate coefficients at low temperatures for the H^{+}+H_{2}(v=0,j)?H^{+}+H_{2}(v=0,j^{'}) reaction. Different transitions are considered, especially the ortho-para conversion (j=1?j^{'}=0) which is of key importance ...

We report extensive, accurate fully quantum, time-independent calculations of cross sections at low collision energies, and rate coefficients at low temperatures for the H++H2(v=0,j)?H++H2(v=0,j') reaction. Different transitions are considered, especially the ortho-para conversion (j=1?j'=0) which is of key importance in astrophysics. ...

A seal is a component used in a turbomachine to reduce internal leakage of the working fluid and to increase the machine's efficiency. The stability of a turbomachine partially depends upon the rotodynamic coefficients of the seal. The integral control volume based rotodynamic coefficient prediction programs are no more accurate than ...

Accurate values of partition and diffusion coefficients within the lower skin layers are among the information required to estimate skin concentrations of permeants following topical application. For highly lipophilic compounds these parameters also play a significant role in determining systemic absorption rates. In this study ...

... the capture coefficient and the thermal accommodation coefficient. Experimental results are presented for the cryopumping rates of carbon dioxide ...

The reactions of H(3)(+) with CO and with O((3)P) are the two most important reactions for the destruction of H(3)(+) in dense interstellar clouds. These two reactions are studied with sophisticated theoretical methods that should provide accurate predictions for the rate coefficients. The potential energy surfaces are studied with ...

Although there have been great advances in the machining research, still there's not a total control of the process. FEM simulation is one of the most powerful methods in machining research, but the strong mechanical and thermal loads combined with great strain and strain rates make difficult to obtain accurate input parameters. With the aim of obtaining ...

The effective diffusion coefficient of radon is a very important factor in estimating the rate of radon exhalation from the ground surface. In this study, we developed an experimental system that overcomes technical problems in previous studies to accurately evaluate the effective diffusion coefficient. The radon ...

An easy and accurate assessment of the renal function is a critical requirement for detecting the initial functional decline of the kidney induced by acute or chronic renal disease. A method for measuring the glomerular filtration rate is developed with the accuracy of clearance techniques and the convenience of plasma creatinine. The renal function is ...

Various theories of nucleation and droplet growth are outlined. It is suggested that the classical nucleation equation, corrected for nonisothermal effects, is an accurate representation of reality. However, it is shown that the droplet growth equations must be substantially modified if they are to predict the growth rates observed in practice. A theory is ...

A relationship developed in a companion paper to estimate emissions from surface-aerated reactors that accounts for both gas- and liquid-phase mass-transfer resistances is extended to reactors with diffused-aeration systems. The method accurately predicts the observed stripping rate of 20 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with a wide range of ...

An earlier aeronomic determination of the rate coefficient for the reaction N2(+) + O yields NO(+) +

... or Media Count : 32. Abstract : Rate coefficients were calculated for the reactions of hydrogen, deuterium, and deuterium hydride with chlorine. ...

Reliably interpreting spectra from both photoionized and electron-ionized cosmic plasmas requires an accurate understanding of the ionization balance of the source and the underlying atomic physics which produces the ionization structure. Uncertainties in ionization balance calculations hamper our ability to model cosmic sources and to infer reliably their properties. Of ...

We calculate equilibrium rate constants for ortho-para conversion in hydrogen and deuterium by an atomic mechanism. The calculations are based on an accurate ab initio potential surface, transition state theory, and an adiabatic transmission coefficient. The calculated rate constants are demonstrated to be reliable ...

Theoretical dielectronic recombination (DR) rate coefficient calculations can be sensitive to configuration interaction (CI) between resonances with different captured electron principle quantum numbers n. Here we explore the importance of this multi-n CI process for DR via 2l ? 3l' core excitations and its effect on the total DR rate ...

The classic, conventional analysis for the thermal performance of heat exchangers is based on three assumptions: constant fluid flow rate, constant specific heat fluids, and constant overall heat transfer coefficient. Our analysis describes a general approach for analyzing the thermal performance of heat exchangers in which the overall heat transfer ...

This paper compares several approximate methods for calculating rate coefficients for the O( 3 P) + HCl reaction to presumably more accurate quantum mechanical calculations based on applying the J-shifting approximation (QM/JS) to an accurate cumulative reaction probability for J =0. All calculations for this ...

Vibrational and rotational energy transfer rate coefficients are computed for high-temperature N2 under conditions expected for re-entry into Earth's atmosphere at 10-12 km/s. The calculations utilized classical mechanics to simulate individual collisions...

Two-dimensional radiation by a relativistic sheet electron beam propagating parallel to a reflection grating composed of a sinusoidally corrugated conducting surface is studied rigorously using the mode-matching method. Accurate dispersion curves are presented for the eigenmodes that govern the Smith-Purcell radiation and the instability of the electromagnetic surface wave. ...

thickness, gas phase ammonia diffusion coefficient, the effective first order rate constant to more accurately quantify the atmospheric ammonia flux from the gas-liquid interface (Aneja, 2000- ilization processes from stored slurry and considered the effects of wind speed and surface cover on ammonia

Supplemental irrigation can increase lowbush blueberry (Vaccinium angustifolium) yield in humid environments. To best utilize this management technique, growers require accurate knowledge of regional crop water demands. Meteorological data and weighing lysimeters were used to determine Penman-Montie...

Drying is an energy and capital intensive process in the production of paper. In many cases drying rate is limited primarily by the transport of heat and moisture within the paper. The internal transport processes occur simultaneously and are interactive. The processes were modeled mathematically and solved for a variety of drying conditions provided that a consistent and ...

An equation for accurate estimation of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is vital for staging and directing the treatment of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which is a source of considerable morbidity and mortality around the world. The Modification of Diet for Renal Disease (MDRD) equation, which includes a racial coefficient, is ...

Current approaches to mathematically modeling liquid-vapor mass transport (e.g., film theory, penetration theory, boundary layer theory) treat bulk phase transport accurately with diffusion models, but leave the transport across the interface to be described by empirically determined mass transfer coefficients. In multicomponent systems, this requires ...

For Westinghouse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. A series of sixteen bottom flooding tests were performed with the PWR-FLECHT test facility to extend the range of FLECHT data to various combinations of low system pressure (15-20 psia), low flooding rate (as low as 0.4 in/sec) and low subcooling (~ 20 deg F). Also, the effect of peak power and test section flow ...

A source coding distortion estimation scheme using one-pass encoding is proposed to predict the distortion in the next frame based on the distortion of the last coded frames. Motion-compensated prediction is analyzed first, in the case that quantization step sizes used for different video frames may be different due to bit-rate constraint in constant ...

We present a full band structure calculation of temperature- and wavelength-dependent two-photon absorption (TPA) coefficients and free carrier absorption (FCA) cross sections in InAs, InSb, and Hg1-xCdxTe alloys. The wavelength dependence of the TPA coefficients agrees well with a widely used analytical expression. However, the magnitudes of the TPA ...

The incoherent scattering coefficient is converted to a form which gives the possibility for a simple practical calculation. With the help of the more numerically accurate Thomas-Fermi values obtained by Kobayashi the incohenent scattering coefficient is tabulated. An approximation of the coefficient is ...

The configuration of alkyl substituents about carbon-carbon unsaturated bonds exerts a controlling influence on the rate of the ozonolysis reaction. Alkyl substituents can increase (via the inductive effect) and decrease (via the steric effect) the activity of unsaturated bonds, and an accurate description of this information ought to correlate with the ...

Mirex is a toxic, hydrophobic pollutant in Lake Ontario that undergoes an indirect photoreaction mediated by natural dissolved organic matter. The monohydro product photomirex further photolyzes to form a dihydro product. The efficiency of mirex photolysis was determined as wavelength-dependent reaction quantum yield coefficients. Quantum yield ...

The present work makes the first attempt to take into account adsorptions in the determination of partition coefficients by modeling the multiple headspace extraction (MHE) process. Modeling a six-step MHE procedure of a homologous series of methyl ketones revealed that their adsorption-desorption on the walls was the rate-limiting step. Moreover, a ...

Using batch cultures, we determined transformation rate coefficients for microbial transformation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid butoxyethyl ester (2,4-DBE) in periphyton-dominated ecosystems. Rates of 2,4-DBE loss were measured over short periods of time (usually less than 10 h), and first-order transformation ...

Microcanonical variational theory with a semiclassical adiabatic ground-state transmission coefficient predicts the thermal rate constant for collinear H + Cl/sub 2/ within 6% for 200 to 1000 K and the kinetic isotope effect k/sub H/k/sub D/ within 6 or 9% (depending on the detailed assumptions in the transmission coefficient) over the ...

A set of Monte Carlo calculations of the neutron dose rates and neutron spectra outside Blend Down Monitoring System (BDMS) shielding were performed with U.S. and Russian neutron fluence-to-dose conversion coefficients. The purpose of these calculations was to facilitate the proper interpretation of the dose rate measurements from rem ...

Accurate sea level estimates can only be obtained if melting of land-based ice can be accurately determined. At present, ice mass balances from satellite altimetry suffer from inaccuracies introduced by postglacial rebound (PGR) uplift rates. The aim of this work is to combine measurements from the GRACE gravity satellite with ...

To simulate multispecies impurity transport in Tokamaks, a set of coupled continuity equations including source and sink terms from atomic processes (rate terms) were solved numerically. The diffusion and rate terms are integrated separately in time using a fractional step-splitting technique which is accurate to second order in the ...

Diesel, gas turbine and liquid rocket engines requires the accurate knowledge of mass diffusion, Dij, and thermal diffusion, a~ij, coefficients. ...

Accurate data for dielectronic recombination (DR) of the ions of tungsten are of significant interest in the modelling of tungsten impurity transport and radiative power loss in current tokamaks and in ITER. However, the complexity of the atomic structure for many of these ions makes level-resolved DR calculations untenable on currently available computers, especially for open ...

... predict the time-accurate unsteady aerodynamics of a ... means to provide the control authority to ... and extraction of the aerodynamic coefficients from ...

... Accession Number : AD0714745. Title : Effect of the Rate of Macromolecular Movement on the Coefficient of Progressive Friction,. ...

The existing experimental data on the rate coefficients for the chemical reactions in nonequilibrium

We present extensive Monte Carlo calculations of electron-impact-induced transitions between highly excited Rydberg states and provide accurate rate coefficients. For moderate energy changes, our calculations confirm the widely applied expressions in P. Mansbach and J. Keck [Phys. Rev. 181, 275 ...

Distributions of mutation fitness effects from evolution experiments are available in an increasing number of species, opening the way for a vast array of applications in evolutionary biology. However, comparison of estimated distributions among studies is hampered by inconsistencies in the definitions of fitness effects and selection coefficients. In particular, the use of ...

The analysis of absolute spectral line intensities and intensity ratios with spectroscopic diagnostic techniques provides empirical determinations of chemical abundances, electron densities and temperatures in astrophysical objects. Since spectral line intensities and their ratios are controlled by the excitation rate coefficients for the electron ...

Effects of thermal dispersion on heat transfer and temperature field within cross-flow tubular heat exchangers are investigated both analytically and numerically, exploiting the volume averaging theory in porous media. Thermal dispersion caused by fluid mixing due to the presence of the obstacles plays an important role in enhancing heat transfer. Therefore, it must be taken into account for ...

Experimentally determining soil sorption behavior of xenobiotic chemicals during the last 10 years has been costly, time-consuming, and very tedious. Since an estimated 100,000 chemicals are currently in common use and new chemicals are registered at a rate of 1000 per year, it is obvious that our human and material resources are insufficient to experimentally obtain their ...

This paper presents the results of a detailed study of dissociation and recombination of H{sub 2} over the temperature range 1000 to 5000 K. The chemical processes are modeled by solving the master equation for the concentrations of the full set of rovibration states. All of the state-to-state energy transfer rate coefficients required by the master ...

The group additivity method for Arrhenius parameters is applied to hydrogen addition to alkenes and alkynes and the reverse beta-scission reactions, an important family of reactions in thermal processes based on radical chemistry. A consistent set of group additive values for 33 groups is derived to calculate the activation energy and pre-exponential factor for a broad range of hydrogen addition ...

Many researches on critical nozzles have been performed to accurately measure the mass flow rate of gas flow, and to standardize the performance as a flow meter. Recently, much interest is being paid on the measurement of very small mass flow rate in industry fields such as MEMS applications. However, the design and performance data of ...

Washout coefficients for gaseous iodine in snowfall and an estimate of the coefficient for rainfall have been experimentally determined for the first time. The coefficient for rain is in agreement with theory. The coefficient for snow appears to depend upon crystal type and size as well as upon snowfall ...

An apparatus is described for the accurate determination of the Hall coefficient R of metal samples which can be rolled and cut to a desired shape. R for polycrystalline copper has been determined in the range 77-320K with an accuracy to =0.3%. Improvemen...

This report describes the experimental technique for accurately determining mass accommodation coefficients (or sticking coefficients) for atmospherically important trace gases. The report presents results and interpretations for SO2 and H2O2. The experimental method combines a monodisperse train of droplets 200 micrometers in diameter ...

To accurately calculate light fluence rate distribution in prostate photodynamic therapy (PDT), optical heterogeneity has to be taken into account. Previous study has shown that a kernel based on analytic solution of the diffusion equation can perform the calculation with accuracy comparable to Finite-element method. An assumption is made that light ...

... Methods to Insure an Accurate Validity Coefficient for Selection Devices,. Corporate Author : FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION ...

... furnishes quite accurate predictions of the size of the permanent indentation, the time of contact during impact and the coefficient of restitution. ...

... In this report, as a start, two accurate general purpose approaches are presented for the solution of variable coefficient parabolic wave equations. ...

... Title : Interlaboratory Determination of Oxygen in Silicon for ... Oxygen Coefficient 1988 (IOC-88) study. ... IR) instruments to measure accurately the ...

... and accurate method for calibrating an instrument for measuring the reflection coefficient and complex permittivity of unknown dielectric materials in ...

... LAMINATES, *STEEL, *COEFFICIENTS, *WEAR, *LIQUID HYDROGEN, *LIQUID NITROGEN, *FRICTION, *SLIDING CONTACTS, VELOCITY ...

... A Uncertainties (2cx) of Absorptivity Coefficients of Benzene ... 3. Uncertainties for Benzene Absorptivity Coefficient Experiments ... Benzene mass rate ...

... mechanism was developed and the rate coefficients either obtained from the literature or estimated; and the ambipolar diffusion coefficients of the ...

... analytical chemistry and air pollution (source and ambient atmospheric monitoring). ... are derived rate coefficients, diffusion coefficients, densities ...

In-situ laser reflectance monitoring of metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) is an effective way to monitor growth rate and epitaxial layer thickness of a variety of III-V and II-VI semiconductors. Materials with low optical extinction coefficients, such as ZnTe/GaAs and AlAs/GaAs for a 6,328 {angstrom} HeNe laser, are ideal for such an ...

The ability of published biomass detachment rate expressions to describe experimental data obtained from porous media reactors using Pseudomonas aeruginosa grown aerobically on glucose was evaluated. A first-order rate expression on attached biomass concentration best reflected effluent substrate concentration for combined data sets. Detachment ...

The water levels of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainter and roller gates at the locks and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 21, at Quincy, Illinois, were developed from current meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to compute the gate openings of ...

The water level of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainter and roller gates at the locks and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 12, at Bellevue, Iowa, were developed from current-meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to accurately ...

The water level of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainter and roller gates at the locks and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 18, at Gladstone, Illinois, were developed from current meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to ...

The water level of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainter and roller gates at the lock and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 16, at Muscatine, Iowa, were developed from current-meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to accurately ...

The water level of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainter and roller gates at the locks and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 14, at Le Claire, Iowa, were developed from current-meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to accurately ...

The water level of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainter and roller gates at the locks and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 13, at Fullerton, Illinois, were developed from current-meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to ...

Conditionally-sampled boundary layer data for an accelerating transitional boundary layer have been analyzed to calculate the entropy generation rate in the transition region. By weighing the nondimensional dissipation coefficient for the laminar-conditioned-data and turbulent-conditioned-data with the intermittency factor the average entropy generation ...

Conditionally-sampled boundary layer data for an accelerating transitional boundary layer have been analyzed to calculate the entropy generation rate in the transition region. By weighing the nondimensional dissipation coefficient for the laminar-conditioned-data and turbulent-conditioned-data with the intermittency factor the average entropy generation ...

Context: .Over the next few years, ALMA and Herschel missions will open the universe to high spatial and spectral resolution studies at infrared and sub-millimeter wavelengths. This will allow investigators to study in much greater detail the composition and evolution of molecules in space. Modeling of the spectra will require accurate radiative and collisional ...

Sensitivities of the D + H{sub 2} cumulative reaction probability (CRP) are calculated for total angular momentum J = 0 and 6 to test the applicability of the separable rotation approximation. The CRPs and their sensitivities are then thermally averaged to obtain sensitivities of the log-normalized rate coefficient using a single J. This approach has great ...

The kinetics mechanism of the dissociation reactions in a NO/SO2/N2/O2 system was investigated in consideration of energetic electrons' impacts on a non-thermal plasma. A model was derived from the Boltzmann equation and molecule collision theory to predict the dissociation reaction rate coefficients. Upon comparison with available literature, the model ...

Actinometric measurements of photolysis rate coefficients within artificial snow have been used to test calculations of these coefficients by two radiative transfer models. The models used were based upon the delta-Eddington method or the discrete ordinate method, as implemented in the tropospheric ultraviolet and visible snow model, ...

We present a collection of algorithms which utilizedimensional reduction to perform mesh refinement and study possiblysingular solutions of time-dependent partial differential equations. Thealgorithms are inspired by constructions used in statistical mechanics toevaluate the properties of a system near a critical point. The firstalgorithm allows the accurate determination of ...

State-specific dielectronic recombination (DR) rate coefficients from ground states of H- and He-like Al, Ti, Ni, Kr, and Mo ions have been calculated in the isolated resonance and intermediate coupling approximation. The data generated for these calculations consists of energies of singly and doubly excited states, radiative rates, ...

Prediction of Activity Coefficients of Electrolytes in Aqueous Solutions at High Temperatures solutions containing mixed electrolytes (Lu and Maurer, 1993) is extended from 298 K to temperatures up of mixed electrolytes. The model accurately predicts activity coefficients at high temperatures

performance by reducing the thermal conductivity and increasing the Seebeck coefficient. In this paper we such as the electrical conductivity and the Seebeck coefficient. To include a random distribution of nanoparticles, we conductivity data quite accurately. The Seebeck coefficient can be off by as much as 15%. ...

Crop coefficients derived from properly designed, operated, and maintained lysimeters provide the most accurate values throughout the growing season and are critical in the computation of hourly and daily,regionally based, crop evapotranspiration (ET) values. Multi-stage crop coefficients can be der...

Low temperature dielectronic recombination (DR) is the dominant recombination mechanism for most ions in X-ray photoionized cosmic plasmas. Reliably modeling and interpreting spectra from these plasmas requires accurate low temperature DR rate coefficients. Of particular importance are the DR rate ...

The calculation of the diffraction field radiated from the ultrasonic transducer can be simplified by using the Gaussian beam expansion technique. The key problem of this technique is how to determine the coefficients of Gaussian functions. We present a simple and accurate optimization method to calculate the Gaussian beam expansion ...

A novel procedure is proposed for determining distributions of rate properties and correlations of rate with state properties of microbial cell populations. The procedure is novel in that it uses transient data, and thus, it does not require that the population be in balanced growth, although it requires that the population structure does not change during ...

The importance of having accurate second virial coefficients in phase equilibrium calculations, especially for the calculation of dew points, is discussed. The square-well potentials results in a simple but inaccurate equation for the second virial coefficient for small, spherical molecules such as argon. Here, the authors present a ...

An apparatus is described for the accurate measurement of the Seebeck coefficient for cylindrical samples. The apparatus yields values of the bulk longitudinal thermoelectric power accurate to about 3%, whereas the error can be as much as 50% when the measurements are made by the conventional method. (B.O.G.)

The low-energy rate coefficients of capture of two identical dipolar polarizable rigid rotors in their lowest nonresonant (j(1) = 0 and j(2) = 0) and resonant (j(1) = 0, 1 and j(2) = 1, 0) states are calculated accurately within the close-coupling (CC) approach. The convergence of the quantum rate ...

Accurate rate coefficients for 40 bimolecular substituted silylene addition reactions for silicon hydrides containing up to nine silicon atoms are calculated using the G3//B3LYP method. The overall reactions exhibit two steps: the reactants first meet to form an adduct, which then converts into a saturated silicon hydride. Values for ...

A novel diagnostic method is described that utilizes a thrust stand mass balance (TSMB) to directly measure time-accurate mass flow from a solid-fuel thruster. The accuracy of the TSMB mass flow measurement technique was demonstrated in three ways including the use of an idealized numerical simulation, verifying a fluid mass calibration with high-speed digital photography, and ...

The migration of radionuclides in a geologic medium is controlled by the hydrogeologic parameters of the medium such as dispersion coefficient, pore water velocity, retardation factor, degradation rate, mass transfer coefficient, water content, and fraction of dead-end pores. These hydrogeologic parameters are often used to predict the ...

The process of dissociative attachment of electrons to molecular hydrogen and its isotopes in the energy range at approximately 14 eV is investigated. The dissociative electron attachment cross sections for all six hydrogen isotopes are calculated over an extended range of electron energies using the local complex potential model with the excited Rydberg 2?g+ electronic state of H2? acting as the ...

Make accurate measurements of length, volume, weight, elapsed time, rates, and temperature by using appropriate devices.

... described that aid in handling cultures of fungi more accurately ... makes possible accurate quantitative measurements of lineal fungus growth rate or ...

The rate coefficients for the capture process CH + H(2)? CH(3) and the reactions CH + H(2)? CH(2) + H (abstraction), CH + H(2) (exchange) have been calculated in the 200-800 K temperature range, using the quasiclassical trajectory (QCT) method and the most recent global potential energy surface. The reactions, which are of interest in combustion and in ...

Spectroscopic analysis of X-ray emission lines from hot astrophysical plasmas, such as solar and cosmic X-ray sources, is a powerful tool in the determination of elemental abundances and temperature and density diagnostics of the emitting gas. This same analysis can be used to model high-temperature laboratory plasmas associated with magnetic and inertial confinement fusion as well as with the ...

We performed Monte Carlo calculations of the neutron and gamma ray spectra and neutron and gamma dose rates outside the shielding of the UF{sub 6} mass flowmeter. The UF{sub 6} mass flowmeter and the UF{sub 6} mass flowmeter are the two main components of the Blend Down Monitoring System (BDMS) equipment. The BDMS equipment is designed to continuously monitor the UF{sub 6} ...

The complex three-dimensional flow in the endwall region near the base of a turbine blade has an important impact on the local heat transfer. The initial horseshoe vortex, the passage vortex, and resulting corner vortices cause large variations in heat transfer over the entire endwall region. Due to these large surface gradients in heat transfer, conventional measurement techniques generally do ...

Internal conversion coefficients involving atomic electrons (ICC) and electron-positron pairs (IPC) are often required to determine transition multipolarities and total transition rates. A new internal conversion coefficient data base, BrIcc has been developed which integrates a number of tabulations on ICC and IPC, as well as ...

Ion exchange is widely used in various branches of chemical technology, including water treatment and waste water purification. The economic efficiency of an ion exchange process is determined mainly by the cost of exchanger regeneration. In order to reduce this cost it is necessary to accurately determine the technological parameters of the process: reagent concentration, ...

The device degradation of oxide-spacer LDD NMOSFET's due to hot carriers is studied in detail. The observed saturation in the degradation time dependence is found to be due to a combination of an increase in the series resistance in the lightly doped drain region, and a reduction of the carrier mobility in the channel and subdiffusion regions. The increase in series resistance eventually ...

Electron-impact ionization cross sections have been calculated in a distorted-wave exchange approximation for seven ions in the argon isoelectronic sequence. For neutral argon, target configuration interaction and term dependence in the ejected-electron continuum were found to be significant influences on the cross section. Similarities of electron ionization and photoionization are discussed. An ...

A series of consistent, versatile, and accurate air-water tests simulating LOCA conditions has been completed on the /sup 1///sub 5/-scale Mark I BWR Pressure Suppression Experimental Facility. Detailed histories of vertical loads on the wetwell are obtained in a carefully scaled three-dimensional system. In particular, variation of hydrodynamic-generated vertical loads with ...

Using the binomial expansion theorem, the simple general analytical expressions are obtained for the Voigt function arising in various fields of physical research. As we will seen, the present formulation yields compact closed-form expressions which enable the ready analytical calculation of the Voigt function. The validity of this approximation is tested by other calculation methods. The series ...

... Dissociation Rate Coefficients of Positive Clustered Ions. ... body, collisional- dissociation reactions involving positive cluster ion of aeronomic ...

... Accession Number : AD0718131. Title : Rate Coefficients for Vibrational Energy Transfer in Rapid Expansions of Carbon Dioxide-Nitrogen Mixtures,. ...

... and intermolecular rate coefficients for the reactions of organic ions (other than those containing only C and H) with neutral molecules in the vapor ...

measurements of the NO2 photolysis rate coefficient during. MLOPEX, J. Geophys. ... radiometric determinations of the photolysis rate coefficient of ...

... Abstract : Rate coefficients for some elementary bimolecular reactions ... 881 K. The rate coefficient is temperature ... x 10 to the -11th power cc/molecule ...

I have calculated Distorted-Wave RR rate coefficients for K-shell and L-shell ... Systematic calculations of recombination rate coefficients of K-shell and ...

... Accession Number : ADA019653. Title : Electron Impact Excitation Rate Coefficients for Ions of Solar Interest. Descriptive Note : Memorandum rept.,. ...

Determination of collisional-excitation-rate coefficients for sodium-like Ar VIII ions theoretically

Experimentally determining soil sorption behavior of xenobiotic chemicals during the last 10 years has been costly, time-consuming, and very tedious. Since an estimated 100,000 chemicals are currently in common use and new chemicals are registered at a rate of 1000 per year, it is obvious that our human and material resources are insufficient to experimentally obtain their ...

We have calculated the thermochemistry and rate coefficients for stable molecules and reactions in the title reaction families using CBS-QB3 and B3LYP/CBSB7 methods. The accurate treatment of hindered rotors for molecules having multiple internal rotors with potentials that are not independent of each other can be problematic, and a ...

In some recommender systems where users can vote objects by ratings, the similarity between users can be quantified by a benchmark index, namely the Pearson correlation coefficient, which reflects the rating correlations. Another alternative way is to calculate the similarity based solely on the relevance information, namely whether a ...

Further experience with a new method to determine glomerular filtration rate is presented. The method depends on measurement by an x-ray fluorescence technique of the plasma disappearance of the injected iodine in standard nonionic radiographic contrast media used during excretory urography. The results of comparison of contrast clearance with /sup ...

The water levels of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainter and roller gates at the locks and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 20, at Canton, Missouri, were developed from current meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to compute ...

The water level of the navigation pools on the Mississippi River are maintained by the operation of tainted and roller gates at the locks and dams. Discharge ratings for the gates on Lock and Dam 22, at Saverton, Missouri, were developed from current-meter discharge measurements made in the forebays of the gate structures. Methodology is given to ...

Dielectronic recombination (DR) is the dominant electron-ion recombination process for most ions in both photoionized and collisionally-ionized plasmas and plays a central role in determining the charge state balance and spectra of these plasmas. Accurate DR rate coefficients are thus essential for modeling astrophysical plasmas. We ...

An electrothermal propulsion concept utilizing a microwave plasma system as the mechanism to convert electromagnetic energy into kinetic energy of a flowing gas is investigated. A calorimetry system enclosing a microwave plasma system has been developed to accurately measure the energy inputs and outputs of the microwave plasma system. The rate of energy ...

When liquid is sealed at high temperature, it flashes inside the seal due to pressure drop and/or viscous heat dissipation. Two-phase seals generally exhibit more erratic behavior than their single phase counterparts. Thermal effects, which are often neglected in single phase seal analyses, play an important role in determining seal behavior under two-phase operation. It is necessary to consider ...

We combine new accurate calculations, asymptotic relations, and available experimental data to construct an H- photodetachment cross section reliable for a large range of photon energies. In particular, account is taken of the series of auto-detaching shape and Feshbach resonances between 11.97 and 14.35 eV. The accuracy of the cross section is controlled by ensuring that it ...

The variable gastric emptying rate of a test meal is one of the major problems in evaluating accurately gastrointestinal physiological functions beyond the stomach. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the gastric emptying rate on the rate of intraluminal lipolysis. Thirty four subjects without ...

In a recent paper, we have developed an efficient implementation of the ring polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) method for calculating bimolecular chemical reaction rates in the gas phase, and illustrated it with applications to some benchmark atom-diatom reactions. In this paper, we show that the same methodology can readily be used to treat more complex polyatomic reactions ...

In a recent paper, we have developed an efficient implementation of the ring polymer molecular dynamics (RPMD) method for calculating bimolecular chemical reaction rates in the gas phase, and illustrated it with applications to some benchmark atom-diatom reactions. In this paper, we show that the same methodology can readily be used to treat more complex polyatomic reactions ...

For modeling exposure close to an indoor air pollution source, an isotropic turbulent diffusion coefficient is used to represent the average spread of emissions. However, its magnitude indoors has been difficult to assess experimentally due to limitations in the number of monitors available. We used 30-37 real-time monitors to simultaneously measure CO at different angles and ...

Radon 222 concentrations in the water and sedimentary columns and radon exchange rates across the sediment-water and air-water interfaces have been measured in a section of south San Francisco Bay. Two independent methods have been used to determine sediment-water exchange rates, and the annual averages of these methods agree within the uncertainity of the ...

In this thesis computation of the discharge coefficient of bellmouth flow meters installed in engine test facilities is presented. The discharge coefficient is a critical parameter for accurately calculating flow rate in any flow meter which operates by means of creating a pressure differential. Engine airflow is a ...

Collaborative Filtering(CF) is a widely accepted method of creating recommender systems. CF is based on the similarities among users or items. Measures of similarity including the Pearson Correlation Coefficient and the Cosine Similarity work quite well for explicit ratings, but do not capture real similarity from the ratings derived ...

... Title : An Accurate and Efficient Method to Calculate the Rate of Single Event Upsets from the LET Spectrum and SEU Cross Section Test Results. ...

We study how uncertainties in the rate coefficients of chemical reactions in the RATE 06 database affect abundances and column densities of key molecules in protoplanetary disks. We randomly varied the gas-phase reaction rates within their uncertainty limits and calculated the time-dependent abundances and column ...

A simple method for computing accurate density-dependent dispersion coefficients is presented. The dispersion coefficients are modeled by a generalized gradient-type approximation to Becke and Johnson's exchange hole dipole moment formalism. Our most cost-effective variant, based on a disjoint description of atoms in a molecule, gives ...

A simple method for computing accurate density-dependent dispersion coefficients is presented. The dispersion coefficients are modeled by a generalized gradient-type approximation to Becke and Johnson's exchange hole dipole moment formalism. Our most cost-effective variant, based on a disjoint description of atoms in a molecule, gives ...

A mechanistic model based on independently measurable mass transfer and biokinetic parameters was developed to describe the removal of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) contained in air sparged into activated sludge (suspended growth) gas treatment reactor. The critical mass transfer parameters are the VOC mass transfer coefficient (Kla{sub VOC}), VOC Henry`s ...

Evaluation of longitudinal mixing processes in open channel flows is important in environmental management, requiring the quantification of mixing coefficients. Estimates of these coefficients sufficiently accurate for environmental impact assessments cannot be achieved using current theoretical or semi-empirical methods for natural ...

In the present study we develop and test a uniform model intended for single compartment analysis in the context of human and environmental risk assessment of airborne contaminants. The new aspects of the model are the integration of biological allometry with fugacity-based mass-balance theory to describe exchange of contaminants with air. The developed model is applicable to various mammalian ...

Discussed is the coefficient of helium release into the atmosphere from the earth's crust which is based on the gas dynamics in the upper layers of the atmosphere. This coefficient is equal to the ratio of the escape rate to the generation rate of He2 in ...

CO, and O, recombination rate coefficients, k is a wall loss coefficient, ... RECOMBINATION RATE COEFFICIENTS k(0 + CO+M-C0 2 +M)x 1036 cm6 molec-2 ...

The accurate assessment of autonomic sympathetic function is important in the diagnosis and study of various autonomic and cardiovascular disorders. Sympathetic function in humans can be assessed by recording the muscle sympathetic nerve activity, which is characterized by synchronous neuronal discharges separated by periods of neural silence dominated by colored Gaussian ...

The accurate assessment of autonomic sympathetic function is important in the diagnosis and study of various autonomic and cardiovascular disorders. Sympathetic function in humans can be assessed by recording the muscle sympathetic nerve activity, which is characterized by synchronous neuronal discharges separated by periods of neural silence dominated by colored Gaussian ...

Dielectronic recombination (DR) is an important atomic physics process that is relevant to astrophysical plasma modeling. DR is responsible for the charge state balance as well as the cooling of plasmas, and it is the dominant electron-ion recombination process for most ions in both photoionized and collisionally-ionized plasmas. Accurate and reliable calculations for DR ...

Dielectronic recombination (DR) is an important atomic physics process that is relevant to astrophysical plasma modeling. DR is responsible for the charge state balance as well as the cooling of plasmas, and it is the dominant electron-ion recombination process for most ions in both photoionized and collisionally-ionized plasmas. Accurate and reliable calculations for DR ...

A systematic methodology for calculating accurate propagation rate coefficients in free-radical polymerization was designed and tested for vinyl chloride and acrylonitrile polymerization. For small to medium-sized polymer systems, theoretical reaction barriers are calculated using G3(MP2)-RAD. For larger systems, G3(MP2)-RAD barriers ...

Open-path Fourier transform-infrared (OP-FTIR) was used to collect emission data for a number of chemical compounds for several area sources at a northwestern industrial facility. The data collected was used in conjunction with meteorological measurements to assess the emission rate of several of the compounds from these area sources. The release of a tracer gas at a known ...

Context: Understanding grain-surface processes is crucial to interpreting the chemistry in many regions of the interstellar medium. However, accurate surface chemistry models are computationally expensive and are difficult to integrate with gas-phase simulations. Aims: A new modified-rate method for solving grain-surface chemical systems is presented. The ...

It is shown that the conventional method (based on the thin-wall membrane theory) of studying the rate of disappearance or absorption from the lumen alone may not yield the correct intestinal wall (membrane) permeability coefficient of drugs. Potential reasons for causing this problem such as first-pass metabolism and accumulation of drugs in gut wall or ...

By allowing the regression coefficients to change with certain covariates, the class of varying coefficient models offers a flexible approach to modeling nonlinearity and interactions between covariates. This paper proposes a novel estimation procedure for the varying coefficient models based on local ranks. The new procedure provides ...

By allowing the regression coefficients to change with certain covariates, the class of varying coefficient models offers a flexible approach to modeling nonlinearity and interactions between covariates. This paper proposes a novel estimation procedure for the varying coefficient models based on local ranks. The new procedure provides ...

A homotopy analysis method (HAM) is used to develop analytical solution for the thermal performance of a straight fin of trapezoidal profile when both the thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient are temperature dependent. Results are presented for the temperature distribution, heat transfer rate, and fin efficiency for a range of values of ...

By using RETC and SWMS-3D software, the point source infiltration characteristics of several typical soils under film hole irrigation were simulated, with the infiltration characteristics and related affecting factors analyzed. One simplified point source infiltration model with the parameters opening film hole rate, film hole diameter, soil clay particle content, and soil ...

The CAE method for the injection molding process is now used in the plastic industry for the purpose of predicting warp problems. But the accuracy of this is not good enough for the mold designer. We have proposed a theoretical method to predict anisotropic property distribution for the thermal expansion coefficient in the thickness direction. It was found that there is a good ...

Context. We present a theoretical investigation of dielectronic recombination (DR) of Ar-like ions that sheds new light on the behavior of the rate coefficient at low-temperatures where these ions form in photoionized plasmas. Aims: We provide results for the total and partial Maxwellian-averaged DR rate ...

Objectives: To assess the reliability of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Daytime Sleepiness Scale (DSS), Chalder Fatigue Scale (CFS), and Krupp's Fatigue Severity Scale (KFSS) in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1). Methods: In total, 27 patients with DM1 were administered the questionnaires on two occasions, with a 2 week interval. Internal consistency and test retest reliability ...

... The reaction rate coefficient is conventionally ... Electron Transfer Kinetics in the Strongly Adiabatic Regime ... the excited state et reactions involving a ...

For chemical species, the production rate is tabled directly. ! For the loss, a rate coefficient is tabled. Using Odd-oxygen $O_x$ as an example, ...

... Accession Number : ADA184268. Title : Measurement of the Electron Density and the Attachment Rate Coefficient in Silane/Helium Discharges. ...

... The effects of gas and cryosurface temperature on the capture coefficient of ... for the cryopumping rates of nitrogen, argon, carbon monoxide, nitrous ...

Rate coefficients for ionization produced in collision of N and O atoms and the reverse dissociative

Two charts are proposed for calculating the flow coefficient and the area correction factor used in