ulcers. Pressure ulcers are localized areas of degenerating tissue in skin and/or underlying tissue1 considerably affect the patient's quality of life2 . For effective prevention of pressure ulcers more insight a protocol to accurately determine the stress-strain relationship of small epidermal samples (thickness
E-print Network
Time varying computer models of the interaction of laser light and tissue are very valuable in helping to understand the complexity of the human body and biological tissue. The electrical property of tissue known as permittivity is vital to accurately modeling the interaction of human tissue ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
BackgroundQuantitative determination of the development of new blood vessels is crucial for our understanding of the progression of several diseases, including cancer. However, in most cases a high throughput technique that is simple, accurate, user-independent and cost-effective for small animal imaging is not available.MethodsIn this work we present a simple approach based ...
PubMed Central
... Accession Number : ADA202907. Title : Accurate Determination of the Complex Permittivity of Biological Tissue Around 35 GHz. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
BackgroundIn Huntington's disease (HD), an expanded CAG repeat produces characteristic striatal neurodegeneration. Interestingly, the HD CAG repeat, whose length determines age at onset, undergoes tissue-specific somatic instability, predominant in the striatum, suggesting that tissue-specific CAG length changes could modify the disease process. Therefore, ...
Twelve patients with parosteal osteosarcomas were evaluated by computed tomography (CT). CT accurately defined the extent of the tumors for purposes of surgical planning, although tumor bone often could not be distinguished from thickened host bone. Nine tumors invaded the medullary cavity, a feature that implies a poorer prognosis when the tumor also contains high-grade ...
Energy Citations Database
... Using animal tissues, this system has proven to be accurate and reliable, and we are in the process of starting measurements on breast tissues. ...
The in vivo assessment of superficial tissue has shown great promise in many biomedical applications. Significant efforts have been expended in designing compact fiber-optic probes with short tissue penetration depth targeting the superficial epithelium. In this paper, we present a compact and simple two-channel fiber-optic probe with superior depth ...
PubMed
For a robot to build a map of its surrounding area, it must have accurate position information within the area, and to obtain accurate position information within the area, the robot needs to have an accurate map of the area. This circular problem is ...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
With the widespread use of digital cameras, freehand wound imaging has become common practice in clinical settings. There is however still a demand for a practical tool for accurate wound healing assessment, combining dimensional measurements and tissue classification in a single user-friendly system. We achieved the first part of this objective by ...
We propose a novel and accurate method based on ultrasound RF time series analysis and an extended version of support vector machine classification for generating probabilistic cancer maps that can augment ultrasound images of prostate and enhance the biopsy process. To form the RF time series, we record sequential ultrasound RF echoes backscattered from ...
A proton microprobe has been utilised to determine the distribution and relative concentration of Cu, Fe and Zn in 10 day old normal and brindled mouse small intestine and kidney tissues. High Cu levels were measured in the brindled mutant ileum and kidney tissues confirming previous whole tissue results. In the ileum, peripheral ...
Six consecutive patients with ectopic parathyroid lesions were studied by preoperative thallium-technetium scintigraphy. Ectopic lesions were accurately localized in 5 of 6 patients. Four of five lesions deep in the superior mediastinum, and 1 in the superior carotid sheath, were correctly identified. Ectopic lesions in 4 of 5 patients, who had previously undergone ...
Background. Canine hepatocellular adenomas are benign, well-differentiated, primary hepatic tumors. Surgical resection is technically demanding and is considered a major procedure with relatively high morbidity rates. Magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound surgery (MRgFUS) uses focused ultrasonic energy to non-invasively create a heat-coagulated lesion deep within the body. This effect can ...
... Title : Accurate Determination of the Complex Permittivity of Biological Tissue at 90 GHz, 70 GHz, and over a Broad Band around 35 GHz. ...
This paper describes the design and evaluation of a novel easy to use, tissue viability imaging system (TiVi). The system is based on the methods of diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and polarization spectroscopy. The technique has been developed as an alternative to current imaging technology in the area of microcirculation imaging, most notably optical ...
Cone Beam Breast CT is a three-dimensional breast imaging modality with high contrast resolution and no tissue overlap. With these advantages, it is possible to measure volumetric breast density accurately and quantitatively with CBBCT 3D images. Three major breast components need to be segmented: skin, fat and glandular tissue. In ...
We studied the feasibility of computed tomographic evaluation of the neonatal airway. Three neonatal larynges, removed at necroscopy, were examined by computed tomography. Good resolution of soft tissue, cartilage and airway lumen was obtained in these small specimens. On the basis of these findings two neonates with acquired subglottic stenosis were examined by endoscopy, ...
Unbiased stereology is a method for accurately and efficiently estimating the total neuron number (or other cell type) in a given area of interest(1). To achieve this goal 6-10 systematic sections should be probed covering the entire structure. Typically this involves processing 1/5 sections which leaves a significant amount of material unprocessed. In ...
In order to study hyperthermia in tissue, it is important to predict accurately the heat distribution. This paper describes a preliminary study of the comparison between simulation and experiment for heat conduction in a simple tissue phantom. Since it is well known that the heat increase in tissue depends on the ...
Scintigraphic findings are reported in a patient with actinomycosis osteomyelitis and soft tissue infection to illustrate the need to understand the mechanism of localization of the radiopharmaceutical to accurately assess the clinical pathology.
... All other tissue Clear, accurate, balanced, and No FDA submission nonmisleading labeling and concerning labeling for promotion products regulated only under ...
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (CBER)
... Segmentation and Labeling System Using Fuzzy Clustering Algorithms ... viewed the breast as a set of tissue ... values, it is common that soft tissues are ...
An improved vaginal speculum for photodynamic therapy of intraepithelial tissue and in particular vaginal, cervical and vulvar neoplasia utilizes a precisely and accurately positionable optic fiber through which a predetermined dose of light in the range of 620 to 700 nanometers is delivered over a controlled area which has been ...
DOE Information Bridge
Electrical deep brain stimulation (DBS) is an efficient method to treat movement disorders. Many models of DBS, based mostly on finite elements, have recently been proposed to better understand the interaction between the electrical stimulation and the brain tissues. In monopolar DBS, clinically widely used, the implanted pulse generator (IPG) is used as reference electrode ...
In this paper we present a comprehensive computational framework within which the effects of chemical signalling factors on growing epithelial tissues can be studied. The method incorporates a vertex-based cell model, in conjunction with a solver for the governing chemical equations. The vertex model provides a natural mesh for the finite element method (FEM), with node ...
The accurate monitoring of the physiological status of cells, tissues and whole organisms demands a new generation of devices capable of providing accurate data in real time with minimal perturbation of the system being measured. To deliver on the promise of cell-bionics advances over the past decade in miniaturization, analogue signal ...
Three SNPs of UCP-1 including A-3826G, A-1766G, and Ala64Thr (G+1068A) were genotyped among 453 overweight Korean female subjects recruited from an obesity clinic. Four common haplotypes with frequency greater than 0.04 were constructed with three SNPs. For an accurate evaluation of the effects of UCP-1 polymorphism on body fat accumulation, all subjects were tested using ...
Studies on polarization properties of scattered light from a random medium like biological tissue have received considerable attention because polarization can be used as an effective tool to discriminate against multiply scattered light (acting as a gating mechanism) and thus can facilitate high resolution imaging through tissue. Further, the polarization ...
There is a need for accurate up-to-date information on the spatial location and extent of currently managed and protected marine areas. This need represents ... ...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
The process of contrast enhancement refers to the accentuation, or sharpening of image structures to allow for improved image analysis and interpretation. A mammogram is a x-ray projection of the 3D structures of the breast obtained by compressing the breast between two plates. Unlike most other x-ray or Computed Tomography images, mammograms have an inherent "fuzzy" or diffuse appearance. This is ...
In the framework of HIFU transcranial brain therapy, it is mandatory to develop techniques capable of assessing the focusing quality and location before the treatment. Monitoring heat deposition in real time and verifying the extension of the treated area are also important steps. In this study, an imaging protocol is proposed to:1/ locate the US radiation force induced ...
Mid-infrared spectromicroscopy studies on biological tissue sections require accurate identification of tumor-bearing areas in histology-stained and infrared-unstained tissue sections. Concordance was achieved as follows: paired stained and unstained thin (5 microm) human brain tumor cryosections mounted on slides ...
Accurate measurements of snow areas and surface albedo are crucial to advancing our understanding of
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
A large area underground detector with accurate muon tracking and directionality can be used for the
Prevention and early detection of breast cancer are the major prophylactic measures taken to reduce the breast cancer related mortality and morbidity. Clinical management of breast cancer largely relies on the efficacy of the breast-conserving surgeries and the subsequent radiation therapy. A key problem that limits the success of these surgeries is the lack of accurate, ...
Cell membranes are made up of a mixture of glycerolipids, sphingolipids, gangliosides and cholesterol. Lipids play important roles in a cell�s life. However many of their functions have still to be discovered. In the present work, we describe an efficient, easy and rapid methodology to accurately localize phosphatidylcholines and sphingomyelins from a single coronal rat ...
The Monte Carlo method provides the most accurate dose calculations on a patient computed tomography (CT) geometry. The increase in accuracy is, at least in part, due to the fact that instead of treating human tissues as water of various densities as in analytical algorithms, the Monte Carlo method allows human tissues to be ...
Aim: To analyse the location and extent of tissue damage induced after argon laser epilation.Methods: Laser burns were applied to the lid margins of four patients before excision for entropion (�live tissue�) and the lid margin of one patient was lasered after an excision for ectropion (�dead tissue�). The laser burns were ...
The physical dose distribution from intracavitary sources used in the treatment of carcinoma of the cervix can be accurately calculated in three dimensions. However, it is no simple matter to relate dose to critical tissues within the pelvis. We have studied 10 patients and have used CT scanning with dummy sources to determine the dose to lymph nodes, ...
The quantity and appearance of dense breast tissue in mammograms is related to the risk of developing breast cancer, the sensitivity of mammographic interpretation, and the likelihood of local recurrence of cancer following surgery. Visual assessment of breast density is widely used, often with readers indicating the percentage of dense tissue in a ...
Ligament cross-sectional areas are difficult to determine because ligaments are soft tissues, can be very short, and may be deep between bones. However, accurate measurements are required for determining the material properties from mechanical testing. Many techniques have been tried, but most suffer from one or more of the following: ...
Part I covers the vocal chords, more accurately known as the vocal folds (VF). Modeling efforts are split into two areas: the VF tissue and the airflow. There are multiple existing models of the VF, with varying ranges of complexity for both the tissue and the airflow. In our model, the tissue ...
Some biophysical effects of microwaves on different human body tissues were studied. Accurate estimation of heat radiation action depends on significance of experimental electric constants of body tissues. Non-linear effects in microwaves propagation in tissues explain molecular activity of this frequency range. ...
The conditions of eliminating residual thyroid tissue and metastatic tissue by means of a radioiodine therapy were investigated with the objective of defining the estimated radiation dose accurately. The volume and weight of the residual thyroid tissue an...
The effective design of body armor requires the use of biomimicking materials that accurately and robustly reproduce the characteristic mechanical behavior of human tissues. The mechanical performance of the soft tissues is determined by their viscoelasti...
In conventional biomedical photoacoustic tomography (PAT), ultrasonic pulses generated through the absorption of nanosecond pulses of near-infrared light are recorded over an array of detectors and used to recover an image of the initial acoustic pressure distribution within soft tissue. This image is related to the tissue optical coefficients and ...
Liver cancer is one of the leading cancerous diseases that can disappoint a physician before reaching the final diagnosis. Thus far, all cancer diagnoses should and usually do have tissue diagnose. A physician gets a little piece of tissue from the abnormal area and a pathologist determines if it is cancer or not. Therefore, the biopsy ...
... politics, and other areas researched by Joint ... Title : How Accurate is Your Machining Center. ... Abstract : Virtually every machine tool builder lists, as ...
Modeling soft tissue using the finite element method is one of the most challenging areas in the field of biomechanical engineering. To date, many models have been developed to describe heart valve leaflet tissue mechanics, which are accurate to some extent. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive method to ...
In recent years non-invasive medical diagnostic techniques have been used widely in medical investigations. Among the various imaging modalities available, Magnetic Resonance Imaging is very attractive as it produces multi-slice images where the contrast between various types of body tissues such as muscle, ligaments and fat is well defined. The aim of this paper is to ...
A virtual source model is developed to describe the nonlinear acoustic field generated by a transmitter with aluminium lens. This model assumes the geometry focal length of the virtual concave transducer to be equal to the acoustic focal length of the real transducer. Thus the acoustic field in the focal area can be accurately presented by that generated ...
Technetium-99m-stannous pyrophosphate scintiphotos were evaluated for diagnosing and quantitating myocardial infarct (MI) extension in sedated dogs. Infarction and extension were produced by serial left anterior descending coronary artery ligations at 0 and 48 hours. We compared serial scintiphoto data with regional myocardial blood flow (MBF) (microsphere technique) and infarct histopathology. In ...
Imaging technologies, such as intrinsic optical imaging (IOI), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) or multiphoton microscopy provide excellent opportunities to study the relationship between functional signals recorded from a cortical area and the underlying anatomical structure. This, in turn, requires accurate alignment of the recorded ...
The purpose of this study is to primarily evaluate the lumen area and secondarily evaluate wall area measurements of in vivo lower extremity peripheral vein bypass grafts patients using high spatial resolution, limited field of view, cardiac gated, black blood inner volume three-dimensional fast spin echo MRI. Fifteen LE-PVBG patients prospectively ...
The accuracy levels of serial radioisotope bone scans and conventional bone radiographs in assessing the response of bone metastases to systemic therapy were compared in 34 women with metastatic breast cancer. Each patient had measurable or evaluable nonosseous metastases, which were assessed independently of skeletal disease. The bone scan was found to be more accurate and ...
Biopsies are currently the 'gold standard' method for identifying cancer of the prostate. While biopsies yield very accurate information regarding the area they sample, they are performed at discrete points and provide no information on the adjacent tissue. To enhance procedural accuracy, biopsies of a large number of sites are ...
Nine patients with malignant external otitis (MEO) were evaluated with Tc-99m bone scans, Ga-67 citrate scans, pluridirectional tomography, and computed tomographic (CT) scans in order to assess the role of each in the diagnosis and management of MEO. The Tc-99m and Ga-67 citrate scans were the most accurate studies in the initial identification of disease activity, while the ...
time, and complexity of tissue engineering; novel bioreactor techniques for expanding stem cells and growing tissues and organs on a large scale; and strategies for preserving,...
Science.gov Websites
Peripancreatic lymphatic networks are frequently involved in pancreatobiliary carcinoma, affecting the prognosis. However, little attention has been paid to CT imaging of normal and pathological conditions of peripancreatic lymphatic networks. We evaluated multi-detector row CT (MDCT) images of peripancreatic lymphatic networks invaded by pancreatic carcinoma and compared them with those of normal ...
Accurate estimation of the depth of partial-thickness burns and the early prediction of a need for surgical intervention are difficult. A non-invasive technique utilizing the difference in thermal relaxation time between burned and normal skin may be useful in this regard. In practice, a thermal camera would record the skin's response to heating or cooling by a small ...
Surgeons in various medical areas (orthopedic surgery, neurosurgery, dentistry etc.) are using motor-driven drilling tools to make perforations in hard tissues (bone, enamel, dentine, cementum etc.) When the penetration requires very precise angles and accurate alignment with respect to different targets, precision cannot be obtained ...
A microcomputer based instrument to measure effective thermal conductivity and diffusivity at the surface of a tissue has been developed. Self-heated spherical thermistors, partially embedded in an insulator, are used to simultaneously heat tissue and measure the resulting temperature rise. The temperature increase of the thermistor for a given applied ...
ObjectiveWe tested sex, race, and age differences in the patterning of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue.Research Methods and ProceduresContiguous 1-cm-thick magnetic resonance (MR) images of the abdomen were collected from 820 African-American and white adults. Repeated-measures ANOVA was used to examine the effects of image ...
Analysis of gene expression and correlation with clinical parameters has the potential to become an important factor in therapeutic decision making. The ability to analyze gene expression in archived tissues, for which clinical followup is already available, will greatly facilitate research in this area. A major obstacle to this approach, however, has been ...
Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has been used for a variety of clinical treatments including treatment of non-resectable liver tumors with good clinical success. Liver pretreatment with injected saline increases the volume of the RFA treatment and is a potential tool for strategically treating larger tumors. Understanding the electrical conductivity of the affected tissue is ...
The analysis of myocardial tissue with contrast-enhanced MR yields multiple parameters, which can be used to classify the examined tissue. Perfusion images are often distorted by motion, while late enhancement images are acquired with a different size and resolution. Therefore, it is common to reduce the analysis to a visual inspection, or to the ...
PURPOSE: To reliably compensate bias field effects in abdominal areas to accurately quantify visceral adipose tissue using standard T1-weighted sequences on MR scanners with up to 3 Tesla (T) field strength. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Compensation is achieved in two steps: The bias field is first estimated by picking and fitting sampling ...
The dual tracer nuclear scintiscan using technetium and thallium to localize enlarged or ectopic parathyroid tissue has been reported to be highly accurate and efficacious. Fourteen previous series reporting results of the technique have been compiled from the literature and analyzed. This analysis has revealed a total of 317 surgically confirmed scan ...
The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of imaging cerebral arteries in vitro with intravascular ultrasound and to establish a correlation between echographic images and corresponding histological architecture. Intravascular ultrasound imaging was performed using a 30-MHz, 4.3F ultrasound probe. Twenty-two arterial segments were obtained at autopsy from 6 patients and were imaged ...
Focusing on environmental tritium levels, measurements have been made for several natural water and leaf samples from an area where no tritium industrial discharge was known to occur. Therefore, to obtain sufficiently accurate data tritium was determined from large samples. Moreover, tritium measurement at environmental level requires appropriate ...
To define and investigate the normal nostril sill anatomy and classify the different forms.Photographs of the nose of 95 Korean adults and 26 preserved cadavers were studied. Classification of the different forms and cadaveric dissections and histologic studies were performed. Morphologically the noses were studied and classified into 3 types, and histologically the thickness of the soft ...
Preparation of Sr/sup 90/ and applicators for it, and its successful use in eye disorders are discussed. Irradiation with Sr/sup 90/ has proved invaluable in the treatment of pterygia when combined with surgical therapy. The preliminary surgical and Sr/sup 90/ application techniques are described in detail. The Sr applicator does not have special curved openings in order to assure ...
Accurate biomechanical characteristics of tissues are essential for developing realistic virtual reality surgical simulators utilizing haptic devices. Surgical simulation technology has progressed rapidly but without a large database of soft tissue mechanical properties with which to incorporate. The device described here is a ...
It is possible to detect locations of lesions accurately in breast cancer using techniques such as x-ray mammogram accurately; however, the specificity of current techniques is low. Since the conductivity values of malignant, benign, and normal tissues ar...
Accurate measurement of moisture content is a prime requirement in hydrological, geophysical, and biogeochemical research as well as for material characterization and process control. Within these areas, accurate measurements of the surface area and bound water content is becoming increasingly impor...
Technology Transfer Automated Retrieval System (TEKTRAN)
Accurate measurement of moisture content is a prime requirement in hydrological, geophysical, and biogeochemical research, as well as for material characterization and process control. Within these areas, accurate measurements of the surface area and bound water content are becoming increasingly imp...
BackgroundSentinel lymph node (SLN) detection and biopsy is gaining popularity in the treatment of Head and Neck cancer. Various methods in this regard have been described, each with their respective advantages and disadvantages. The aim of this paper was to evaluate the potential application of Indocyanin Green (ICG) in the mapping and detection of sentinel lymph nodes (SLN) in cancers of the ...
Vulnerable plaques are the major cause of carotid and coronary vascular problems, such as heart attack or stroke. A correct modeling of plaque echomorphology and composition can help the identification of such lesions. The Rayleigh distribution is widely used to describe (nearly) homogeneous areas in ultrasound images. Since plaques may contain tissues ...
A biomaterial scaffold is one of the key factors for successful tissue engineering. In recent years, an increasing tendency has been observed toward the combination of scaffolds and biomolecules, e.g. growth factors and therapeutic genes, to achieve bioactive scaffolds, which not only provide physical support but also express biological signals to modulate ...
Direct measurement of tissue microstructure with diffusion MRI offers a new class of markers, such as axon diameters, that give more specific information about tissue than measures derived from diffusion tensor imaging. The existing techniques of this kind assume a single axon orientation in the tissue model, which may be a reasonable ...
It is important to measure optical properties noninvasively, quickly and accurately in vivo for disease diagnostics and medical therapeutics. In this study, we measured the absorption coefficient and the reduced scattering coefficient of human tissues by measuring diffuse reflectance with CCD, examined the techniques involved, such as quantization of ...
Mercury in fish tissue is a major human health concern. Consumption of mercury-contaminated fish poses risks to the general population, including potentially serious developmental defects and neurological damage in young children. Therefore, it is important to accurately identify areas that have the potential for high levels of ...
PURPOSE: To design a method suitable for obtaining tissue samples from regions of different function as ascertained by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: In vivo MRI was used to create azimuthal projections of the heart from dilated cardiomyopathy transplant patients with the cardiac valves in the center and four concentric rings representing the septum ...
This contribution describes a novel algorithm for the automated quantification of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes from abdominal CT scans of patients referred for colorectal resection. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue volumes can accurately be measured with errors of 1.2 and 0.5%, respectively. Also the ...
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) enables accurate in vivo quantification of human muscle volumes, which can be used to estimate subject-specific muscle force capabilities. An important consideration is the amount of contractile and non-contractile tissue in the muscle compartment, which will influence force capability. We quantified age-related differences ...
The body area network (BAN) has attracted attention because of its potential for high-grade wireless communication technology and its safety and high durability. Also, human area transmission of a BAN propagating at an ultra-wide band (UWB) has been demonstrated recently. When considering the efficiency of electromagnetic (EM) propagation inside the human ...
Angiogenesis is the process of formation of new blood vessels as outgrowths of pre-existing ones. It occurs naturally during development, tissue repair, and abnormally in pathologic diseases such as cancer. It is associated with proliferation of blood vessels/tubular sprouts that penetrate deep into tissues to supply nutrients and remove waste products. ...
We develop a new tomographic imaging reconstruction algorithm for a two-layer tissue structure. Simulations and phantom experiments show more accurate reconstruction of target optical properties compared with those results obtained from a semi-infinite tissue model for layered structures. This improvement is mainly attributed to the ...
Measurements on single cells provide more accurate and in-depth information about electrical properties than those on pathological tissues. The relationship between electrode geometry and the location of a cell on microfluidic devices greatly affects the accuracy of single-cell impedance measurement. Accordingly, this study presents numerical solutions ...
... intermittent engine performance parameters such as thrust per unit area, specific ... The chief obstacle to the accurate determination of intermittent ...
the Moon (which is a volley ball placed on a coffee can pedestal on top of a stool ... the volleyball moon, depicting lighted and shadowed areas accurately. ...
NASA Website
... accurate in other areas of application such as neutron slowing down theory, extended gas kinetics and radioactive decay. ...
... accurately quantified by using observation wells. Determining the pressure gradients produced between groundwater and surface water by the ... ...
... characteristics and requirements and ergo, an accurate power ... competitive space contractor would likely have in ... and work on topical areas o! their ...
BackgroundLaser Interstitial ThermoTherapy (LITT) is a well established surgical method. The use of LITT is so far limited to homogeneous tissues, e.g. the liver. One of the reasons is the limited capability of existing treatment planning models to calculate accurately the damage zone. The treatment planning in inhomogeneous tissues, ...
... is usually bleeding into the skin (petechiae and purpura), and the tissue in these areas may die ( ...
MedlinePLUS
... blood stream. Bleeding into the skin (petechiae and purpura) may occur. The tissue in areas may die ( ...
