An accurate determination of the bone mineral mass of lumbar vertebrae is needed as a measurement of bone demineralization in weight-bearing bones in addition to the more routinely performed measurements of the extremities. A system was developed utilizin...

This thesis is concerned with a cross-sectional morphological analysis of certain structures contained in the bony portion of the motion segments between L3 and S1, the vertebral bodies included. Measurements of lengths and angles were based on the use of...

Monitoring compliance with exercise and motivating patients with lower back pain to perform prescribed exercise regimens are considerable tasks. The objective of this study was to develop and test a low-cost device that can be used by a patient at home to both record and provide real-time biofeedback of lumbar position in the midsagittal and frontal planes during exercises. ...

An accurate determination of the bone mineral mass of lumbar vertebrae is needed as a measurement of bone demineralization in weight-bearing bones in addition to the more routinely performed measurements of the extremities. A system was developed utilizing the two photon attenuation technique and a modified dual ...

PurposeA comparison of MRI and computed tomography-myelography (CTM) for lumbar intracanalar dimensions. To compare the capability and reproducibility of MRI and CTM in measuring the cross-sectional morphology of intracanalar lesions of the lumbar spine.Materials and MethodsMRI and CTM of lumbar disc levels from 61 ...

- trogoniometer) measurements. Background. Non-invasive techniques for lumbar spine geometry prediction suffer curvature and externally measured torso flexion angle in the sagittal plane using a goniometer was described as function of three externally measured parameters. The lumbar spine Cobb ...

The ovine lumbar intervertebral disc is a useful model for the human lumbar disc. We present preliminary estimates of diffusion coefficients and T2 relaxation times in a pilot MRI study of the ovine lumbar intervertebral disc during uniaxial compression in vitro, and identify factors that hamper the ability to ...

... between the spinal cord and its covering, the meninges), pressures can be measured and fluid can be ...

Studies on recurrent disc herniation quote rates of recurrence without regard to the times of recurrence and the influence of longer follow-up. Our objective was to assess the use of survival analysis to measure the rate of revision after lumbar microdiscectomy. We undertook a retrospective analysis of the hospital records of 993 patients who underwent ...

A 24-year-old man with persistent low back pain and right sciatica, was found to have an osteoid osteoma of the right pedicle of the second lumbar vertebra. /sup 99m/Tc-MDP bone scan and CAT scan produced an early diagnosis of the lesion. Intraoperative /sup 99m/Tc-MDP in vitro combined with imaging and quantitative activity measurements were useful for ...

Study DesignRetrospective radiographic study.PurposeTo evaluate the efficacy of the proximal lumbar curve flexibility compared with the traditional whole lumbar curve flexibility in patients with main thoracic adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (MT-AIS).Overview of LiteratureTraditionally the flexibility of the whole lumbar curve was ...

Research protocol and results from System Anthropometry Laboratory's three-dimensional investigation of the lumbar/pelvis linkage system are presented. A stereoradiographic system measures three-dimensional coordinates of implanted targets in the skeletal...

This study presents a new method for measuring axial rotation of vertebra. Anatomical landmarks of the vertebral body were first recognized in X-ray film. By employing appropriate geometrical relationships, vertebral body shape parameters and a computer iteration method, the rotation angle of vertebra on the transverse plane can rapidly be obtained. A cadaver ...

Quantifying the human vertebral geometry is important for accurate medical procedures. We aimed to characterize the neural arch (NA) shape at T1-L5. All T1-L5 dry vertebrae (N = 4,080) of 240 individuals were measured and analyzed by age, gender, and ethnicity. A 3D digitizer was used to measure the dimensions of the spinous (SP) and ...

... AD0244448. Title : A PROCEDURE FOR THE ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF INFRARED DICHROISM OF ORIENTED FILMS. ...

... Title : A METHOD OF ACCURATELY MEASURING DYNAMIC STABILITY DERRIVATIVES IN TRANSONIC AND SUPERSONIC WIND TUNNELS,. ...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Ultrasonography of the spine has evolved into a well described technique that can be applied to facilitate neuraxial and lumbar plexus blockade. RECENT FINDINGS: There is increasing evidence for the clinical benefits of ultrasound imaging prior to administration of neuraxial blockade. Recent randomized controlled trials have shown that efficacy of epidural ...

The drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the lumbar subarachnoid space is an effective technique for the treatment of CSF fistula and control of intracranial pressure in children and adults. The use of the lumbar drain poses unique challenges, however, in the pediatric population. We present a safe and effective method of pump-controlled ...

The results are reported of lumbar epidurography in 110 patients suffering from low back pain. By using the water-soluble non-ionic contrast metrizamide, it has been possible to perform the examination on an outpatient basis. None of the patients has suffered from headache, nor any other complaint often associated with other diagnostic techniques which involve ...

(1) In discussing the types of lumbar spinal stenosis, emphasis has been placed on the developmental form. (2) The importance of nerve entrapment in the lateral recess has been stressed. (3) An attempt has been made to demonstrate the relationship of developmental stenosis to other lesions affecting the lumbar spine. (4) Our knowledge of the development of ...

BackgroundSpinal posture is commonly a focus in the assessment and clinical management of low back pain (LBP) patients. However, the link between spinal posture and LBP is not fully understood. Recent evidence suggests that considering regional, rather than total lumbar spine posture is important. The purpose of this study was to determine; if there are regional differences in ...

Dual-photon absorptiometry with gadolinium 153 was used to measure the mineral content of lumbar vertebrae in cadavers, excised vertebrae with marrow, and dry, marrow-free vertebrae. The error introduced by the surrounding soft tissue of cadavers was 3%, and the error in determining mineral mass or density in excised vertebrae was about 5%. The correlation ...

Lumbar arteries are important because they are the main source of blood supply to the lumbar spine structures. However, these vessels and their flow characteristics have received little attention and their role in conditions such as low back pain remains unclear. The present study 1. describes the application of duplex ultrasonography in the assessment of ...

Intracranial pressure (ICP) was monitored in 218 consecutive children with hydrocephalus secondary to tuberculous meningitis (TBM). All children underwent cranial computerized tomographic (CT) scanning and continuous lumbar cerebrospinal (CSF) pressure monitoring on admission. Noncommunicating hydrocephalus (37 children), as determined by air encephalography, was treated by ...

Dynamic continuous measurement of the curvature of the lumbar spine is technically difficult but could provide important information about the functions of the spine. A new measurement system using a ribbon of specifically modified fibre-optic sensors was attached to the back and used to dynamically measure ...

Although its management continues to evolve, lumbar stenosis remains a common societal problem. The present article is based on an invited lecture at the 2004 Annual Meeting of the Congress of Neurological Surgeons/American Association of Neurological Surgeons Joint Section on Disorders of the Spine and Peripheral Nerves. In it the authors provide a historical overview of ...

... between the two dummies and their right and left sides, to form one representative data set for all body segments except the abdomen (lumbar ...

... system measures three-dimensional coordinates of implanted targets in the skeletal system of an unembalmed cadaver seated in a wooden seat ...

This analysis examines lumbar spine bone mineral density (BMD) of US adults from NHANES 2005-2008 by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Prevalence of low spine BMD and agreement between the prevalence of low BMD at the spine and femur neck in older adults are also assessed. INTRODUCTION: Lumbar spine BMD data from a representative sample of the US population ...

BackgroundSeveral investigators have suggested that passive tissue characteristics of the lumbar region may be altered in people with low back pain. Passive stiffness of the lumbar region has been examined during physiological movements in healthy individuals and intersegmental spine mobility and stiffness have been examined in people with and people ...

... Title : AN ACCURATE LABORATORY TEST SYSTEM USING COMMERCIAL EQUIPMENT FOR EDDY CURRENT MEASUREMENTS. ...

Context: Motion in the lumbar spine during certain physical activities may exceed tissue homeostasis, leading to low back pain. Previous authors have assessed sagittal motion of the lumbar spine during walking; however, limited attention has been focused on changes in spine position with walking or running on different surface gradients.Objective: To ...

Background and objectives: Vascular calcification (VC) contributes to increased cardiovascular (CV) disease in dialysis patients and is inversely correlated with bone mineral density (BMD). Screening for VC may determine patients at greater CV risk and bone densitometry may have dual role in assessing VC as well as BMD. The aim of this study was to determine measurement of VC ...

Accurate and reliable identification and quantification of vertebral fractures constitute a challenge both in clinical trials and in diagnosis of osteoporosis. Various efforts have been made to develop reliable, objective, and reproducible methods for assessing vertebral fractures, but at present there is no consensus concerning a universally accepted diagnostic definition of ...

Five patients with cerebral palsy, hip dysplasia, pelvic obliquity, and scoliosis were evaluated retrospectively using three dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) scans of the proximal femur, pelvis, and lumbar spine to qualitatively evaluate their individual deformities by measuring a number of anatomical landmarks. Three dimensional reconstructions of ...

The lateral lumbar x-ray films of 60 asymptomatic adults ranging in age from 18 to 30 years were analyzed with respect to 19 end-plate angles and the vertebral body heights. The mean, standard deviation and variance for each of the angles and heights measured is reported, and statistical evaluation is made to determine any difference between the male and ...

Study Design. Radiological analysis and classification of normal patterns of sagittal alignment of the spine.Objective. To classify the patterns of sagittal alignment of the spine in young asymptomatic adults and analyze the differences in the various spinal and pelvic parameters according to these patterns.Summary of Background Data. Previous studies reported that the overall sagittal pattern and ...

The lumbar shape in females is thought to be unique, compensating for lumbar hyperlordosis. Yet, the morphological adaptation of various vertebral parameters in the thoracic and lumbar spine to this unique posture in young and adult females has only been partially addressed in the literature. Our aim was to investigate the gender ...

The lumbar shape in females is thought to be unique, compensating for lumbar hyperlordosis. Yet, the morphological adaptation of various vertebral parameters in the thoracic and lumbar spine to this unique posture in young and adult females has only been partially addressed in the literature. Our aim was to investigate the gender ...

Several authors have hypothesized that there is a link between lumbar lordosis and low back pain. These relationships have not been previously described in a sample consisting exclusively of elderly, African-American women. The purpose of this study was to describe the relationship between lumbar lordosis and radiologic variables and ...

(ASI) for accurate measurement of the Earth gravitomagnetic field (Lense- Thirring effect). We descibe the status of this experiment that will be launched ...

Make accurate measurements of length, volume, weight, elapsed time, rates, and temperature by using appropriate devices.

... Accession Number : ADD345295. Title : How and Why to Measure Magnetism Accurately,. Corporate Author : Personal Author ...

... Accession Number : ADD303179. Title : ACCURATE MEASUREMENT OF POISSON'S RATIO IN SMALL SAMPLES. Corporate Author : ...

... ACCURATE CRACK DEPTH MEASUREMENTS IN WELDED ASSEMBLIES (2B16 ... ABILITY TO ESTIMATE THE SIZE OF CRITICAL DEFECTS WITH ...

Bone mineral density (BMD) in the lumbar vertebrae (L2-L4) was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA: QDR-1000), and the values obtained were compared with the frequency of vertebral fracture as assessed by spinal X-ray photographs. Patients with spondylosis or scoliosis, which affect BMD values, were excluded from the study. An essentially linear correlation was ...

Patients with hyperhidrosis suffer from physical, social and mental discomfort which often cannot be treated sufficiently using conservative measures. A new percutaneous approach to sympathectomy using radiofrequency denervation has seemed to offer longer duration of action and less incidence of post sympathetic neuralgia. This article reports the authors' experience with ...

Computer tomography was employed to measure the mineral density of lumbar vertebrae spongy tissue and lumbar muscle mineral volume and density in four cosmonauts 1 to 3 months prior to and 20 to 27 days following extended space flights (5 and 7 months). T...

Numerous studies have assessed lumbar interbody fusion, but little data from direct interbody load measurements exists. This manuscript describes an interbody fusion cage with integrated 4-axis load cell that can simulate implant heights of 13, 15, 17, 19 and 21 mm. The calibrated load cell was accurate to within 7.9% for point ...

INTRODUCTION: Examination with CT and image registration is a new technique that we have previously used to assess 3D segmental motions in the lumbar spine in a phantom. Current multi-slice computed tomography (CT) offers highly accurate spatial volume resolution without significant distortion and modern CT scanners makes it possible to reduce the ...

This report documents the clinical testing of scanning beam digital radiography as an imaging method in patients with scoliosis. This type of digital imaging requires a skin exposure of only 2.4 mR (0.619 microC/kg) per image, compared with the lowest possible posteroanterior screen-film exposure of 10 mR (2.58 microC/kg) at the chest and 60 mR (15.48 microC/kg) at the lumbar ...

We suggest that lumbar degenerative kyphosis be included as one of the abnormal sagittal curvatures in which a kyphosis or a marked loss of lordosis is seen in the lumbar spine, caused by degenerative changes in middle-aged and elderly. One hundred and five consecutive patients were investigated, most of whom complained of low-back pain, often with a long ...

In animal models of degenerative lumbar disease, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is expressed in macrophages and Schwann cells following compression of the cauda equina. We previously reported that NO metabolites (nitrite plus nitrate: [NOx]) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) correlate with postoperative pain relief in patients with degenerative ...

Physiological mobility of the lumbar spine, as a very important feature of this spinal segment biomechanics, has been defined, i.e., physiological instability has been proven on a sample of 35 fresh cadaveric human lumbar spine specimens which were tested in experimental conditions of both centric and eccentric static loads. The presence of physiological ...

Lumbar disc arthroplasty has become a popular modality for the treatment of degenerative disc disease. The dimensions of the implants are based on early published geometrical measurements of vertebrae; the majority of these were cadaver studies. The fit of the prosthesis in the intervertebral space is of utmost importance. An undersized implant may lead to ...

Lumbar radiculopathy may be caused by, or confused with, many different conditions. The nature of the patient's pain--its quality, intensity, location, and profile over time--is an important guide in the evaluation. A careful but directed physical examination is necessary for the clinical evaluation of patients with lumbar spine disease. Evaluation ...

In this paper, we address the issue of computer-assisted indexing in one specific case, i.e., for the 17,000 digitized images of the spine acquired during the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The crucial step in this process is to accurately segment the cervical and lumbar spine in the radiographic images. To that end, we have ...

Stabilization and fusion of the lumbar spine may be performed by using various anterior and posterior surgical techniques and a wide range of devices, including screws, spinal wires, artificial ligaments, vertebral cages, and artificial disks. Because spinal procedures are increasingly common, such devices are seen more and more often in everyday radiologic practice. For ...

The accurate diagnosis of lumbar radiculopathy secondary to intervertebral disc herniation or spinal stenosis remains a significant problem. Studies have stressed that misdiagnosis of root entrapment significantly contributes to the incidence of failed back syndrome. In an attempt to aid the proper selection of surgical candidates, dermatomal somatosensory ...

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) along with post-operative syndrome in the lumbar spine shows confusing and duplicated symptoms, and this makes it difficult to make a clear differential diagnosis. Therefore, the patient with post-operative syndrome in the lumbar spine suffers losses of time and money, and the surgeon who diagnoses and treats ...

This anatomical study describes the morphology of the human lumbar multifidus muscle through gross and chemical dissection of fresh cadavers. Previous morphological descriptions were analyzed with regard to fascicular divisions and cleavage planes. Gross dissection was performed on the lumbar multifidus of four fresh adult human cadavers and four preserved ...

According to Wolff's law bone remodels in response to the mechanical stresses it experiences so as to produce a minimal-weight structure that is adapted to its applied stresses. Here, we investigate the relations between bone volume and structure for the trabecular bone using 3D ?CT images taken from different skeletal sites in vitro, namely from the distal radii (96 specimens), thoracic (73 ...

The purpose of the study was to assay monoamines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) obtained from the trigeminal cistern of 64 patients with intractable facial pain. The CSF was analyzed for homovanillic acid (HVA), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), and 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), end-product markers of activity for the dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine systems, respectively. HVA ...

The human facet joint capsule is one of the structures in the lumbar spine that constrains motions of vertebrae during global spine loading (e.g., physiological flexion). Computational models of the spine have not been able to include accurate nonlinear and viscoelastic material properties, as they have not previously been measured. ...

Epidural analgesia is usually contraindicated in case of infection at the site of needle insertion. Tinea versicolor is a benign superficial cutaneous fungal infection caused by the proliferation of a skin commensal yeast of low pathogenicity. We report the case of a pregnant woman with a tinea versicolor in the lumbar region, who benefited from a labor epidural analgesia, ...

The diffusion of small solutes into the intervertebral discs of cadaveric lumbar motion segments was measured using a radioactive tracer technique. The motion segments were wedged and loaded to simulate erect posture and flexed sitting postures. The results show that erect posture favours diffusion into the anterior half of the disc compared to the ...

The diffusion of small solutes into the intervertebral discs of cadaveric lumbar motion segments was measured using a radioactive tracer technique. The motion segments were wedged and loaded to simulate erect posture and flexed sitting postures. The results show that erect posture favours diffusion into the anterior half of the disc compared to the ...

Hind limb blood flow was measured in dogs after unilateral removal of the last two lumbar sympathetic ganglia. Up to 56 days after operation oxytocin reduced blood flow. Up to 11 days after operation oxytocin given during an infusion of adrenaline increas...

The UH-1H specific seating environment was studied in both static and vibration modes to assess its contribution to the production of backache in pilots. Subjective measures of pain and objective measures of lumbar muscle fatigue were used to determine a ...

A method is presented for in vivo calcium measurement developed at the 160 MeV cyclotron at Harvard University. Advantages of the technique include direct measurement of calcium in the lumbar vertebrae and restriction of dose to the immediate vertebral re...

BACKGROUND: Ultrasound has been shown to facilitate accurate identification of the intervertebral level and to predict skin-to-epidural depth in the lumbar epidural space with reliable precision. We hypothesized that we could accurately predict the skin-to-epidural depth and the intervertebral level in the thoracic spine with the use ...

A cohort of 321 men between the ages of eighteen and fifty-five was randomly selected from a group of 1221 men who had been surveyed by a questionnaire. They then had radiographs made of the lumbar spine. Of the 292 subjects fulfilling the criteria for inclusion in the study, ninety-six (32.9 per cent) had never had low-back pain, 134 (45.9 per cent) had had or were having ...

Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can provide valuable structural information about tissues that may be useful for clinical applications in evaluating lumbar foraminal nerve root entrapment. Our purpose was to visualize the lumbar nerve root and to analyze its morphology, and to measure its apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in ...

BackgroundIn order to make it easy to perform computed tomography (CT)-guided vertebroplasty a stereotactic guidance system called the "stereo-guide" was designed. A method to perform CT-guided vertebroplasty using this system is described.MethodsThe device is a rectangular flat plastic block. One of the flat surfaces of the block has deeply grooved protractor markings at 5-degree intervals; ...

Our purpose was to investigate the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) penetration of docetaxel in cancer patients. Docetaxel was administered as a 1-h infusion at a dose of 75 mg/m2 to two patients with metastatic breast cancer and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis. CSF samples were obtained using a lumbar puncture up to a 72-h time period. Total and unbound docetaxel concentrations in ...

We are currently working toward developing computer-assisted methods for the indexing of a collection of 17,000 digitized x-ray images by biomedical content. These images were collected as part of a nationwide health survey and form a research resource for osteoarthitis and bone morphometry. This task requires the development of algorithms to robustly analyze the x-ray contents for key landmarks, ...

BackgroundPedicle screw loosening is a major safety concern in instrumented spinal surgery due to loosening with potential pseudarthrosis and possible loss of correction requiring revision surgery. Several cadaver studies have compared insertion torque of pedicle screws with resistance to pullout or cyclic loading. In most of these studies, a correlation has been found between these variables. ...

A new sensor array intended to accurately and directly measure spatial and time-dependent pressures within a highly curved biological intra-articular joint was developed and tested. To evaluate performance of the new sensor array for application within intra-articular joints generally, and specifically to fit within the relatively restrictive space of the ...

Angiotensin II (AngII) � induced hypertension in experimental animals has been proposed to be due in part to activation of the sympathetic nervous system. This sympathetic activation appears to be accentuated in animals consuming a high salt diet (AngII-salt hypertension). However, accurate quantification of sympathetic activity is difficult and controversy remains. A ...

In children the diagnosis of osteoporosis is based on fracture history and DXA-derived BMD. Bone biopsy is an invasive but accurate method for studying bone characteristics. In this study we evaluated bone biopsy findings and their correlation with noninvasive measures of bone health. Transiliac bone biopsy was performed on 24 consecutive children (17 ...

Surgical treatments for lower back pain can be distributed into two main groups: fusion (arthrodesis) and disc replacement (arthroplasty). The objective of this study was to compare, under severe loading conditions, the biomechanics of the lumbar spine treated either by fusion or total disc replacement (TDR). A three-dimensional model of a two-level ligamentous ...

Velocity measurements by the correlation method were assessed and found to be accurate measures. The wide range of applications of the correlation method are discussed.

Over the past few years, it has become apparent that multiaxis accelerations to the human head and body have become a more important problem to aviators. Fortunately, there are mechanical models and testing facilities to obtain the dynamic motions of the head and body resulting from frontal impacts as well as lateral and oblique impacts. Compact six-component balance systems, to ...

We describe the development of a new device that permits handy intraoperative measurement of lumbar segmental instability. The subjects comprised 80 patients with lumbar degenerative disease. Relationships between preoperative radiological assessments and extended distance as measured using our new device were ...

... described that aid in handling cultures of fungi more accurately ... makes possible accurate quantitative measurements of lineal fungus growth rate or ...

... Author : NAVAL RESEARCH LAB WASHINGTON DC ... examined three different methods of endotoxin ... Amebocyte Lysate (LAL) assay to accurately ...

... treatments; (3) completion of a study of the ... the theoretical basis for accurate measurement of small ... of a first exploratory interlaboratory evaluation of ...