Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) was characterized by radioligand studies utilizing the potent ACE inhibitor 351A, a derivative of lisinopril. Ligand binding characteristics were similar for ACE derived from testis, lung, and kidney, despite known differences in structure between ACe from ...

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely used for treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The effects of ACE inhibitors on the human bradykinin receptors were investigated. The mode of action of ACE inhibitors is considered. There is ...

... best fits your budget. Common Generic and Brand Names for ACE Inhibitors and ARBs ACE Inhibitors benazepril ( ...

OBJECTIVE: Our objectives are to describe the CT features of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor-induced visceral angioedema and to review other conditions that may have similar findings. CONCLUSION: CT findings in a patient taking an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor help in the diagnosis and ...

Objective�To examine the effect of concomitant intake of ?�blockers with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, diuretics, or both on plasma renin concentrations in a population based sample (MONICA survey, Augsburg, Germany).?Subject and methods�728 individuals were studied, of whom 171�were treated using monotherapy ...

Indications for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors include heart failure, postmyocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus and proteinuric chronic renal disease. ACE inhibitors provided life-saving benefits in patients with heart failure or left ventricular systolic dysfunction. On the other hand, there are ...

The appearance of the Angiotensine Conversion Enzyme Inhibitors represents one of the most important events in cardio-vascular therapy, being much utilized in the last few years. The present study had as a main aim the evaluation of the benefit of the treatment with ACE Inhibitors in heart failure. Analyzing the ...

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I (Ang I) to angiotensin II (Ang II). ACE also cleaves the terminal dipeptide of vasodilating hormone bradykinin (a nonapeptide) to inactivate this hormone. Therefore, inhibition of ACE is generally used as one of the methods for the ...

Since their inception, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors have been used as first-line therapy for the treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases. They restore the balance between the vasoconstrictive salt-retentive and hypertrophy-causing peptide angiotensin II (Ang II) and bradykinin, a vasodilatory and natriuretic ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are among the most commonly used drugs in stable coronary artery disease as these agents have been proven to be effective for reducing the risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. As with other drugs, individual variation in treatment benefit is likely. Such heterogeneity could be ...

When first introduced in 1981, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors were indicated only for treatment of refractory hypertension. Since then, they have been shown to reduce morbidity or mortality in congestive heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal insufficiency, and atherosclerotic ...

BackgroundThe Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism has received much attention in pharmacogenetic research because observed variations in response to ACE inhibitors might be associated with this polymorphism. Pharmacogenetic testing raises the hope to individualise ACE ...

Hypertension affects 1% of USAF aircrew. Pharmacologic treatment options in the USAF have been limited to diuretics. Lisinopril is an angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor shown it to be safe and effective for treatment of hypertension with minima...

The present invention provides reagents and methods for the treatment, and pharmaceuticals for use in the prevention and/or treatment, of chronic renal failure and other renal disorders in subjects (particularly mammalian subjects) renal replacement thera...

Enalapril is an antihypertensive drug of the class of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) used in pregnancy for treatment of pre-existing or pregnancy-induced hypertension. The use of ACE inhibitors (drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system) during the ...

Human ACE (angiotensin-I-converting enzyme) has long been regarded as an excellent target for the treatment of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. Highly potent inhibitors have been developed and are extensively used in the clinic. To develop inhibitors with higher therapeutic efficacy and reduced ...

Human ACE (angiotensin-I-converting enzyme) has long been regarded as an excellent target for the treatment of hypertension and related cardiovascular diseases. Highly potent inhibitors have been developed and are extensively used in the clinic. To develop inhibitors with higher therapeutic efficacy and reduced ...

1. The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 is likely to balance the status of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) by degrading angiotensin (Ang) II and generating Ang-(1-7). Earlier demonstrations that ACE2 is insensitive to ACE inhibitors prompted us to evaluate the effect of ACE ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors today are the standard therapy of patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure due to their proven beneficial effects in left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular function. ACE inhibitors have also been demonstrated to lead to regression of left ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors today are the standard therapy of patients with myocardial infarction and heart failure due to their proven beneficial effects in left ventricular remodeling and left ventricular function. ACE inhibitors have also been demonstrated to lead to regression of left ...

The pharmacodynamic profile of the new angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor moexipril and its active diacid, moexiprilat, was studied in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, moexiprilat exhibited a higher inhibitory potency than enalaprilat against both plasma ACE and purified ACE from rabbit lung. Upon oral ...

In patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD) without overt heart failure, ACE inhibitors are among the most commonly used drugs as these agents have been proven effective in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. Considerable individual variations in the blood pressure response to ACE inhibitors are ...

The development of cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis have been associated with overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE). Moreover, ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril, have shown a benificial effect for patients diagnosed with heart failure or systemic hypertension. Thus targeted imaging of the ACE is of ...

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are first line preparations in the treatment of chronic heart failure irrespective of etiology. However there are numerous proofs that in women drugs of this group exert less pronounced favorable prognostic influence compared with men. Moexipril is an ACE ...

... enzyme (ACE) inhibitors prevent the formation of a hormone called angiotensin II, which normally causes blood vessels to narrow. The ACE inhibitors cause the vessels to relax and blood pressure goes down. Angiotensin antagonists: Angiotensin antagonists shield blood vessels from angiotensin II. ...

The effectiveness and safety of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors for the treatment of hypertension have been confirmed during long-term use. Therefore, ACE inhibitors were selected as one candidate for the switch from ethical drugs to over-the-counter (OTC) medications. The ...

Cardiologists and generalists have been reported to diverge in terms of their self-reported use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, but information on their actual use of ACE inhibitors has been lacking. In order to assess ACE inhibitor use in patients with ...

Ang II plays an important role in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors lower Ang II levels by inhibiting conversion of Ang I to Ang II, but Ang II levels have been shown to return to normal with chronic ACE inhibitor treatment. In this ...

The activity of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) of the inner surface (the endothelium surface) of rat aorta sections has been studied depending on their distance from the aortic arch, age of rats, and the duration of treatment of rats with the NO synthase inhibitor, N (?)-nitro-L: -arginine (L: -NAME). The activity of ...

Children with congenital heart disease who undergo cardiac surgery are vulnerable to acute kidney injury (AKI). This study sought to evaluate the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and other nephrotoxic medications in the risk for the development of AKI in neonates and children undergoing cardiac surgery. A retrospective review of all ...

The activation of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) may contribute to the development of vascular and myocardial structural changes. The level of ACE is stable in human plasma, and only limited data are available on its regulation at the tissue level. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of two ACE ...

Therapeutic methods directed at alleviating the basic pathological processes of normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) are yet to be established. Although there seems to be little doubt that intraocular pressure (IOP) represents a risk factor in most patients, reduction of IOP does not prevent progression in every patient with NTG, indicating that factors other than elevated IOP are involved in glaucoma ...

Arterial hypertension (HT), being the main factor of negative evolution for chronic nephropathies, has imposed a careful adjustment of pharmacological treatment. The widespread use of angiotensin conversion enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) has brought into attention the side effects of this class of ...

BackgroundAngiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE; Kininase II; CD143) hydrolyzes small peptides such as angiotensin I, bradykinin, substance P, LH-RH and several others and thus plays a key role in blood pressure regulation and vascular remodeling. Complete absence of ACE in humans leads to renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD), a severe disorder of renal tubule ...

Hypertension is a chronic condition that is commonly treated with several classes of medications, including diuretics, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and ACE inhibitors. JNC 7 guidelines, which were issued in 2003, recommend that pharmacological...

Increasing evidence implies beneficial effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors beyond those of their original indications to control hypertension. One of the most attractive non-hemodynamic properties of ACE inhibitors is their ability to regulate cytokine production. The mechanism(s) underlying ...

Ang I�converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely believed to suppress the deleterious cardiac effects of Ang II by inhibiting locally generated Ang II. However, the recent demonstration that chymase, an Ang II�forming enzyme stored in mast cell granules, is present in the heart has added uncertainty to this view. As discussed here, using ...

Ang I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely believed to suppress the deleterious cardiac effects of Ang II by inhibiting locally generated Ang II. However, the recent demonstration that chymase, an Ang II-forming enzyme stored in mast cell granules, is present in the heart has added uncertainty to this view. As discussed here, using microdialysis ...

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system (RAAS) is an important regulator of blood pressure and fluid-electrolyte homeostasis. RAAS has been implicated in pathogenesis of hypertension, congestive heart failure, and chronic renal failure. Aliskiren is the first non-peptide orally active renin inhibitor approved by FDA. Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) ...

Therapeutic response to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors was reported to be better related to tissular than to circulating levels of ACE inhibition, especially during chronic therapy. We studied the relations between plasma concentrations of angiotensin I (AI), plasma renin activity (PRA), angiotensin II (AII), and ...

The aim of this study was to assess whether the association between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use and the incidence of treated diabetes mellitus is modified by genetic polymorphisms in the renin-angiotensin system (RAS).In a nested case-control study, treated hypertensive patients were genotyped for ACE (insertion ...

Major developments in the use of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure have occurred since the discovery of captopril in June 1975. Early in the past decade, this oral ACE inhibitor was restricted to refractory and severe cases of hypertension. ...

ACE inhibitors induce metabolic changes and exert cardioprotective and vasoprotective properties, some of which cannot be attributed to their antihypertensive effect per se. Moexipril is an ACE inhibitor with a lipophilicity in the same range as quinapril, benazepril or ramipril, and so can readily penetrate lipid ...

Our understanding of the complexities and inter-related pathways of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system continues to evolve. Which drugs to use, when, and how, are everyday questions faced by clinicians in the ambulatory setting. Combining these classes, for the purpose of enhancing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade and incremental blood pressure, nephroprotective, and ...

A total of 187�heart failure patients aged 65-92 years, with pretreatment serum creatinine levels below 200��mol/l, were monitored for more than 12�months on angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor therapy. Optimal ACE inhibitor dosage was found in 27% of patients, while a significant deterioration in ...

BackgroundPersistent atrial fibrillation (AF) is difficult to treat. In the absence of class I or III antiarrhythmic drugs sinus rhythm is maintained in only 30% of patients during the first year after electrical cardioversion (ECV). One of the remodeling processes induced by AF is fibrosis, which relates to inducibility and maintenance of AF. The renin-angiotensin system may play a important role ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor has mood-elevating effects, and central ACE activity is increased for suicidal patients. In addition, substance P (SP), which is degraded by ACE, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of, and evaluated in the treatment for, major depressive ...

Radiation nephropathy has emerged as a significant complication of bone marrow transplantation and radionuclide radiotherapy, and is a potential sequela of radiological terrorism and radiation accidents. In the early 1990's, it was demonstrated that experimental radiation nephropathy could be treated with a thiol-containing ACE inhibitor, captopril. ...

Spontaneously hypertensive rats were given an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (benazepril or quinapril) or hydralazine and were left for up to 6 hr. To examine whether administration of antihypertensive agents affects expression of immediate early genes in left ventricular myocardium, groups of rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, and 6 hr after ...

AimsTo determine patterns in presentation, risk factors, management and outcome of patients with ACE inhibitor associated angioedema in one British teaching hospital.MethodsCases of ACE inhibitor associated angioedema in patients presenting to the City Hospital, Birmingham between 1993 and 1999 were collected and ...

Inhibitors of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) decrease angiotensin II production and activate an intracellular signaling cascade that affects gene expression in endothelial cells. Because ACE inhibitors have been reported to delay the onset of type 2 diabetes, we determined ACE ...

BackgroundAngiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are widely prescribed for patients with diabetes as a nephroprotector drug or to treat hypertension. Generally they are safe for clinical practice, but the relationship between these drugs and angioedema is known. The exact mechanism for ACE ...

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading causes of end-stage renal disease. We examined whether ACE inhibitor treatment may have a nephroprotective effect in normotensive insulin-dependent diabetic patients without microalbuminuria and with normal glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and whether any effect was associated with the ...

What is already known about this subjectTo our knowledge, there are no prior studies which investigate whether there is a drug�gene interaction between the three genes involved in the renin�angiotensin system and ACE-inhibitor therapy or ?-blocker therapy with these subclinical measurements of atherosclerosis.Some studies have found an effect on blood pressure or ...

Serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity and plasma renin activity (PRA) were studied during the development of the widespread necrotic arterial disease that occurs in the induction phase of one-kidney perinephritis hypertension. Control serum ACE activity was significantly higher in rabbits developing many arterial lesions than it was in rabbits ...

Magnaporthe grisea is responsible for a devastating fungal disease of rice called blast. Current control of this disease relies on resistant rice cultivars that recognize M. grisea signals corresponding to specific secreted proteins encoded by avirulence genes. The M. grisea ACE1 avirulence gene differs from others, since it controls the biosynthesis of a secondary metabolite ...

Magnaporthe grisea is responsible for a devastating fungal disease of rice called blast. Current control of this disease relies on resistant rice cultivars that recognize M. grisea signals corresponding to specific secreted proteins encoded by avirulence genes. The M. grisea ACE1 avirulence gene differs from others, since it controls the biosynthesis of a secondary metabolite ...

A recent analysis of clinical studies suggests that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors might reduce bone fractures. In this study, we examined whether an ACE inhibitor might attenuate osteoporosis in a hypertensive rat model. In spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHRs), estrogen deficiency induced by ...

Diuretics, when added to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) treatment, can augment the response to ACE inhibitors, but may have adverse effects on renal function, which negatively affect prognosis. While in heart failure rats combined therapy ...

Clinical Pharmacology is commonly accepted to be a bridging discipline between basic science observations and clinical practice. Today, it should be a major task of the clinical pharmacologist in academia to provide support in the interpretation of preclinical and clinical study data, to develop evidence-based treatment guidelines and to serve as drug expert supporting all ...

By establishing the renal supleetion procedure, the patients with cronic renal failure also have an acceleration of arterial hypertension. The management of this situation calls for the understanding of the generating mechanisms (hipervolemia by the reduction of natriuresis and hiperreninemia) and the adaptation of the therapeutical approach for every patient. It imposes an individualized ...

-Inhibitor After An- thracycline (AAA) study compared enalapril to placebo in a randomized trial in an effort to determine whether treatment with enalapril would preserve or improve cardiac function among children protocol was imperfect; some children took less than the prescribed dose of enalapril or placebo. Most

Changes in angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) derived from plasma, lung, aorta, brain, kidney and testis were measured in rats treated with perindopril. Angiotensin converting enzyme was measured by a radio inhibitor binding method using 125I351A. Rats were gavage fed perindopril (1, 4 and 8 mg/kg) and changes followed over 48 hr. Plasma and kidney ...

(/sup 3/H)Captopril binds to angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) in rat tissue homogenates. The pharmacology, regional distribution and copurification of (/sup 3/H)captopril binding with enzymatic activity demonstrate the selectivity of (/sup 3/H)captopril labeling of ACE. (/sup 3/H)Captopril binding to purified ACE reveals differences ...

The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the prevalence of anaphylactoid reactions (AR) in patients dialysed with cellulose or synthetic membranes and the possible link with ACE inhibitors. Survey was conducted for six months (Jan, 1 to July, 1 1993). Thirty dialysis units treating 1573 patients (899 M and 674 F) were participating to the study. ...

Diabetic nephropathy has been the cause of lot of morbidity and mortality in the diabetic population. The renin angiotensin system (RAS) is considered to be involved in most of the pathological processes that result in diabetic nephropathy. This system has various subsystems which contribute to the disease pathology. One of these involves angiotensin II (Ang II) which shows increased activity ...

Inhibition of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) protects against the progression of several cardiovascular diseases. Recent evidence suggests that some of the beneficial effects of ACE inhibitors can be attributed to the activation of a distinct ACE signaling cascade rather than to the changes in angiotensin ...

The choice of the appropriate dosage of ACE inhibitor in clinical practice is an important one. The available evidence suggests that in chronic heart failure as well as in chronic coronary artery disease, high doses of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor are more effective than low ones. The current ...

To examine the mechanism of nephropathy in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a recently developed type II diabetic model, we compared the long-term effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (imidapril, 1 mg/kg/day), calcium channel blocker (amlodipine, 10 mg/kg/day), and insulin (5-10 U/kg/day) on nephropathy of OLETF rats. Both ...

Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) have gained widespread use in clinical medicine during the past decade. Several large, prospective and randomized multi-center trials have led us to reconsider the role of ARBs in the treatment of hypertension. Firstly, in view of the favorable safety and side effect profile of ARBs, we recommend their use in hypertensive subjects in whom ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) catalyzes the conversion of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II (ANG II) to the vasodilatory peptide angiotensin-(1-7) [ANG-(1-7)]. We showed that treatment of hypertensive rats with the AT(1) receptor antagonist olmesartan increased ACE2 mRNA and protein in the thoracic aorta, suggesting that ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) catalyzes the conversion of the vasoconstrictor angiotensin II (ANG II) to the vasodilatory peptide angiotensin-(1-7) [ANG-(1-7)]. We showed that treatment of hypertensive rats with the AT₁ receptor antagonist olmesartan increased ACE2 mRNA and protein in the thoracic aorta, ...

Telmisartan (Micardis�, Pritor�), a well established angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist, is indicated in the EU for the reduction of cardiovascular morbidity in patients with manifest atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) or type 2 diabetes mellitus with documented target organ damage, as well as for the treatment of hypertension. In the pivotal ONTARGET trial, ...

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors represent the front-line pharmacological treatment of heart failure, which is characterized by left ventricular (LV) dilatation and inappropriate hypertrophy. The mechanism of action of ACE inhibitors is still unclear, but evidence suggests that ...

The diabetes epidemic continues to grow unabated, with a staggering toll in micro- and macrovascular complications, disability, and death. Diabetes causes a two- to fourfold increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease, and represents the first cause of dialysis treatment both in the UK and the US. Concomitant hypertension doubles total mortality and stroke risk, triples the ...

OBJECTIVE�In patients with type 2 diabetes, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) predicts cardiovascular events, and the prevention of LVH is cardioprotective. We sought to compare the effect of ACE versus non-ACE inhibitor therapy on incident electrocardiographic (ECG) evidence of LVH (ECG-LVH).RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS�This ...

Renin-angiotensin system is involved in homeostasis processes linked to renal and cardiovascular system and recently has been linked to metabolic syndrome. We analyzed the influence of long term angiotensin I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril treatment in normotensive adult Wistar rats fed with standard or palatable ...

Background: Heart failure (HF) with a preserved left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) is the leading cause of hospitalization after 65 years of age. Individual randomized trials have not shown benefits conferred by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin-II receptor blockers (ARB) in these patients. To overcome this limitation, ...

The treatment goal of patients with arterial hypertension is to reduce the blood pressure below 140/90 mmHg with the aim to lower the risk of subsequent cardiovascular diseases and to prolong patient's longevity. There are five main classes for blood pressure treatment: ACE-inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers, beta-receptor ...

Preclinical and clinical studies indicated involvement of renin angiotensin system (RAS) in memory functions. However, exact role of RAS in cognition is still ambiguous. Our aim was to explore how angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) modulates memory in experimental model of memory impairment. Memory deficit was induced by intracerebroventricular administration of ...

Overexpression of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has been associated with the pathophysiology of cardiac and pulmonary fibrosis. Moreover, the prescription of ACE inhibitors, such as lisinopril, has shown a favorable effect on patient outcome for patients with heart failure or systemic hypertension. Thus targeted imaging of the ...

Interruption of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin AT(1) receptor blockers has been shown to delay progression in a variety of renal diseases, suggesting that the RAS, and its major effector molecule, angiotensin II, are important players in renal pathophysiology. Both antagonists combine ...

BackgroundSecondary analyses of clinical trial data suggest that, compared with other agents, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are associated with lower risk of incident atrial fibrillation (AF) in patients with heart failure, but data from the hypertension trials have been inconsistent. Information is ...

Pharmacological treatment of hypertension is effective in preventing cardiovascular and renal complications. Calcium antagonists (CAs) and blockers of the renin-angiotensin system [angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II antagonists (ARBs)] are widely used today to initiate antihypertensive ...

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays an important role in the onset and prognosis of myocardial infarction. Targets of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors might include not only ACE but also MMP-9, and ACE seems to be closely associated with complications of hypertension such as cardiovascular ...