In Acer pseudoplatanus cells, the proteins synthesized in the presence of an amino acid analog ((/sup 14/C)p-fluorophenylalanine), were degraded more rapidly than normal ones ((/sup 14/C)phenylalanine as precursor). The degradation of an important part of these abnormal proteins occurred inside the vacuoles. The degradation process was ...

A phytostat to mass culture higher plant cells in liquid medium is described. This apparatus allowed the culture in batch, turbidostat and chemostat of 20 liters of cells. Automatic control of cell suspension growth was based on culture turbidity. Changes with time of certain cell characteristics, particularly ...

opalus 004: Acer platanoides 005: Acer pseudoplatanus 006: Alnus cordata 007: Alnus glutinosa 008: Alnus list (Reference: Flora Europaea) Broadleaves 001: Acer campestre 002: Acer monspessulanum 003: Acer

Several glycosidases have been isolated from suspensioncultured sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cells. These include an ?-galactosidase, an ?-mannosidase, a ?-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, a ?-glucosidase, and two ?-galactosidases. The pH optimum of each of these enzymes was determined. The pH optima, together with inhibition studies, ...

The present contribution is devoted to studying the electrical noise of Acer pseudoplatanus cells in culture suspensions. Spontaneous voltage noise of the cells was recorded by means of a microelectrode inserted in the vacuole. The small signal impedance of the cell was measured so that it was ...

Using suspension-cultured Acer pseudoplatanus cells requiring 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid for growth, the dependence of the population doubling time and the maximum increase in cell population density on the auxin concentration was studied. It appears that in the range of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ...

Applications of microbiological techniques in studies of plant metabolism in cell suspensions of higher plants are discussed. Results are reported from studies of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cell suspensions. The isolation of cells, culture through many generations, and growth ...

With Abies alba somatic embryos were induced from the hypocotyl of excised well developed zygotic embryos. Extended growth of embryogenic cells was observed on auxin-free medium with 2.2 micro moles/l BAP plus or minus 2.3 micro moles/l kinetin. Transplan...

in the text. Trees Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.) Tree of heaven (Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle between developing seeds of Acer pseudoplatanus L. and Acer platanoides L. New Phytologist. 116: 589

... ukurunduense is a distinct species from A. caudatum. Acer glabrum is most closely related to A. pseudoplatanus, whereas ... a clade with A. glabrum (R, bs = 100%). Acer glabrum is unique in having variabl...

An indirect stimulation of cell division by fusicoccin is demonstrated. The distribution of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid molecules between Acer pseudoplatanus cells and their culture medium is strongly modified by a fusicoccin treatment, through the extracellular acidification induced by the toxin. As a ...

The limiting diameter of pores in the walls of living plant cells through which molecules can freely pass has been determined by a solute exclusion technique to be 35 to 38 angstroms for hair cells of Raphanus sativus roots and fibers of Gossypium hirsutum, 38 to 40 angstroms for cultured cells of Acer ...

Suspension-cultured cells of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) which were immersed in liquid nitrogen after prefreezing to the temperatures from ?30 to ?50 C in the presence of dimethylsulfoxide and glucose as cryoprotective additive could proliferate vigorously when rewarmed rapidly in water at 40 C. For maintaining high viability of ...

temperatures may have been dormant and viable. In species like Acer platanoides L., which shows a similarDirect seeding of ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.): The effects excelsior L.) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) on three sites in southern England ...

abies Acer platanoides Acer pseudoplatanus Fagus silvatica Fraxinus excelsior Tilia cordata Tilia of a Forest Ecosystem Model to Climate Parametrization Schemes 26 Abies alba Acer pseudoplatanus Fagus

The pathway of hydroxyproline-containing proteins to the cell wall, and to the growth medium in suspension-cultured Acer pseudoplatanus cells is traced by following the kinetics of the transfer of protein-bound (14)C-hydroxyproline into various fractions, and by comparing the hydroxyproline-arabinoside profiles of ...

The pathway of hydroxyproline-containing proteins to the cell wall, and to the growth medium in suspension-cultured Acer pseudoplatanus cells is traced by following the kinetics of the transfer of protein-bound ¹⁴C-hydroxyproline into various fractions, and by comparing the ...

... the visual defoliation classes noted above with a gravimetric analysis demonstrated that this visual technique provided accurate and ... ...

... and the incorporation of tree species, such as Crataegus monogyna, Acer pseudoplatanus and Alnus glutinosa at Mature stage. ... ...

Nevada, Ononis aragonensis in the stony-slope population of Sierra Nevada, Prunus ramburii and Crataegus monogyna

... maple (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), and European mountain ash (Sorbus aucuparia L.) are also present. The tree line is ... ...

and Picea abies. Acer pseudoplatanus, Sorbus aucu- paria, S. aria, Laburnum alpinus and Vaccinium myrtillus

.pcp.oupjournals.org JSPP � 2006 1 An Important Pool of Sucrose Linked to Starch Biosynthesis is Taken up by Endocytosis indication that an important pool of sucrose incorporated into the cell is taken up by endocytosis prior-cultured cells of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), sucrose can also be taken up by ...

Recent /sup 31/P NMR studies have demonstrated that Mn/sup 2 +/ appears to invade the cells of heterogeneous excised tissue of corn root tips sequentially, first entering the cytoplasmic compartment, where it complexes with nucleotides and P/sub i/. Under aerobic conditions, further migration across the tonoplast, followed by vacoule trapping was visualized through ...

300 350 Picea abies Pinus cembra Larix decidua Pinus silvestris Acer platanoides Acer pseudoplatanus 250 Pinus cembra Picea abies Larix decidua Pinus mugo Pinus silvestris Acer platanoides Acer.g. for Acer platanoides L. at Bern and Larix decidua L. at Bever. The behaviour ...

Modifications of cytoplasmic pH in Acer pseudoplatanus L. cells cultivated in suspension have been induced by acid-loads and studied by using (31)P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The initial drop of cytoplasmic pH, observed in the first minutes of exposure to weak lipophilic acids, was followed by a slow recovery to reach a ...

Vacuoles were isolated from Acer pseudoplatanus cells that were incubated with [¹⁴C]1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). The kinetics of [¹⁴C]1-(malonylamino)cyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (MACC) formation are consistent with the interpretation that MACC is synthesized in the ...

Current understanding of the final oxidative steps leading to lignin deposition in trees and other higher plants is limited with respect to what enzymes are involved, where they are localized, how they are transported, and what factors regulate them. With the use of cell suspension cultures of sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus), an ...

2,2,2-Trichloroethyl 3,4-dichlorocarbanilate (SW26) is toxic for Acer pseudoplatanus cell cultures. It inhibited the cellular proton extrusion and depolarized the plasmalemma. In vitro, it inhibited the plasma membrane ATPase. SW 26 was also inhibitory to membrane ATPases of other origins�plant (maize shoot), fungus ...

This paper describes the isolation and characterization of rhamnogalacturonan II, a hitherto unobserved component of the primary cell walls of dicotyledonous plants. Rhamnogalacturonan II constitutes 3 to 4% of the primary cell walls of suspension-cultured sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cells. ...

This paper describes the isolation and characterization of rhamnogalacturonan II, a hitherto unobserved component of the primary cell walls of dicotyledonous plants. Rhamnogalacturonan II constitutes 3 to 4% of the primary cell walls of suspension-cultured sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cells. ...

alba, Acer platanoides, Acer pseudoplatanus, Betula pendula, Carpinus betulus, Fagus sylvatica, Larix.), sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.), Norway maple (Acer platanoides L.), small leafed lime (Tilia cordata 0.02 0.16 6 0.00 0.30 6 0.02 0.06 6 0.00 0.06 6 0.00 9.89 6 0.14 ...

Germination of Acer pseudoplatanus L. and Acer platanoides L. seeds was increased by moist storage of the intact fruits (seed + pericarp) at 5 degrees C, but not at 17 degrees C. In both species, germinative capacity of isolated embryos (seeds with testa removed) was increased by moist storage of fruits at either 5 or 17 degrees C. ...

The pathway of hydroxyproline-containing proteins to the cell wall and to the growth medium in suspension-cultured Acer pseudoplatanus cells is traced by following the kinetics of the transfer of protein-bound /sup 14/C-hydroxyproline into various fractions, and by comparing the hydroxyproline-arabinoside profiles ...

a clade including all Acer species except A. glabrum and A. pseudoplatanus and the remaining taxa, changes / 1076-836X online DOI: 10.1080/10635150802422282 Rooting and Dating Maples (Acer) with an Uncorrelated is problematic. Here, we explore relaxed-clock rooting in the Acer/Dipteronia clade of Sapindaceae, which

- platanus), Norway maple (Acer platanoides), Wych elm (Ulmus glabra) and others; the originally dominating tree species the Norwegian spruce (Picea abies, 15%), and a smaller proportion of sycamore (Acer pseudo been recorded (mostly Fagus sylvatica, rarely Acer pseudoplatanus, Fig. 2) and this very probably still

Protoplasts obtained from sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cell suspensions were found to be highly intact. If the protoplasts were taken up and expelled through a fine nylon mesh, all the protoplasts were ruptured leaving the fragile amyloplasts largely intact. Aconitase hydratase (citrate [isocitrate] hydro-lyase, EC 4.2.1.3) activity ...

Programmed cell death (PCD) plays a vital role in plant development and is involved in defence mechanisms against biotic and abiotic stresses. Different forms of PCD have been described in plants on the basis of the cell organelle first involved. In sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cultured ...

... coenocline is interpreted in terms of species competition. Rubus idaeus intrudes into the niches of all other shrub ... 40% probability for Acer pseudoplatanus, Quercus robur and Rubus idaeus. Very low pr...

Exact Match  Begins With  Contains Name/Code  Property  Relationship Home | View Hierarchy | Subsets | Help Visited Concepts EVS Home NCI Metathesaurus Browser NCI Term Browser NCI Terminology Resources Term Suggestion Acer pseudoplatanus Pollen (Code

) and the understorey (Coylus avellana, Crataegus monogyna, Prunus spinosa, Malus sylvestris: 18�20 m high, Crataegus, Ulmus, juveniles of Fraxinus, Cornus sanguinea, Acer pseudoplatanus, P. spinosa; Fig. 2). Trees

, Fagus sil- vatica, Pinus silvestris and single Acer pseudoplatanus, Sorbus aucuparia trees or shrubs robur and Tilia. Alnus glutinosa, Betula and Pinus silvestris grew in the rare wet places. Sorbus

layer was composed of Acer23 pseudoplatanus, Carpinus betulus, Cornus mas, Cornus sanguinea, Crataegus24 monogyna, Fraxinus excelsior, Ligustrum vulgare, Prunus avium, Rosa canina and25 Rubus fruticosus

The effects of copper deficiency on cell culture growth, cell respiration, mitochondrial oxidative properties, and electron transport chain have been studied with suspension-cultured sycamore cells (Acer pseudoplatanus L.). Within the range of the copper concentration studied (0.1-25 ?g/1 of ...

ALB GM EAB DED Acer negundo boxelder 5.6 1.8 7.4 o Acer palmatum Japanese maple 0.8 1 1.8 o Acer platanoides Norway maple 2.6 5.4 8.0 o Acer rubrum red maple 6.6 5.5 12.1 o Acer saccharinum silver maple 1.3 1.9 3.2 o Acer saccharum sugar maple 0.3 0.9 1.2 o ...

Xyloglucan is a major hemicellulose polysaccharide in plant cell walls. Biosynthesis of such cell wall polysaccharides is closely linked to the process of plant cell growth and development. Xyloglucan polysaccharides consist of a {beta}-1,4 glucan backbone synthesized by xyloglucan synthase and sidechains of xylose, galactose, and ...

Xyloglucan, isolated from the soluble extracellular polysaccharides of suspension-cultured sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cells, was digested with an endo-..beta..-1,4-glucanase purified from the culture fluid of Trichoderma viride. A nonasaccharide-rich Bio-Gel P-2 fraction of this digest inhibited ...

Results presented in a previous report from this laboratory indicated the presence, in crude extracts from sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and spinach (Spinacea oleracea), of a sucrose synthase (EC 2.4.1.13) showing high affinity for ADP as the glucose acceptor in the sucrose-cleaving reaction. In the present paper we report that the modified enzymatic ...

This study examines the food-chain transfer of Zn from two plant species, Urtica dioica (stinging nettle) and Acer pseudoplatanus (sycamore maple), into their corresponding aphid species, Microlophium carnosum and Drepanosiphum platanoidis. The plants were grown in a hydroponic system using solutions with increasing concentrations of Zn from 0.02 to 41.9 ...

incana 009: Alnus viridis 010: Betula pendula 011: Betula pubescens 012: Buxus sempervirens 013: Carpinus opalus 004: Acer platanoides 005: Acer pseudoplatanus 006: Alnus cordata 007: Alnus glutinosa 008: Alnus

�ttingen, North Germany, at 420 m a.s.l. Maple (Acer platanoides and A. pseudoplatanus) and ash trees (Fraxinus, Alnus glutinosa, Betula pendula, F. excelsior and Acer spp. 2.2. Sampling and 15 N analysis In each

opalus 004: Acer platanoides 005: Acer pseudoplatanus 006: Alnus cordata 007: Alnus glutinosa 008: Alnus incana 009: Alnus viridis 010: Betula pendula 011: Betula pubescens 012: Buxus sempervirens 013: Carpinus. toza) 051: Quercus robur (Q. pedunculata) 052: Quercus rotundifolia #12;19 053: Quercus rubra 054: Quercus

Differential centrifugation and Percoll-gradient centrifugation of protoplast lysates of suspension-cultured cells of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) yielded pure amyloplasts. Contamination of the final amyloplast preparation by foreign compartments was assessed by measuring marker enzyme activities. The activity of alkaline ...

To study the characteristic features of the amyloplast, a uniquely differentiated plastid-type which synthesizes and accumulates reserve starch, in comparison with those of the chloroplast, these two types of plastids were isolated from white-wild and green-mutant protoplasts of cultured sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cells, ...

The molecular structure and chemical properties of the hemicellulose present in the isolated cell walls of suspension cultures of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cells has recently been described by Bauer et al. (Plant Physiol. 51: 174-187). The hemicellulose of the sycamore primary cell wall is ...

The phytohormone ethylene is involved in many physiological and developmental processes of plants, as well as in stress responses and in the development of disease resistance. Fusicoccin (FC) is a well-known phytotoxin, that in sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cultured cells, induces a set of stress responses, including synthesis of ...

The water-soluble polysaccharides (SEPS) secreted into the medium by suspension-cultured sycamore cells were examined to determine whether the polysaccharides were the same as those present in the walls of sycamore cells. The SEPS were made more amenable to fractionation by treatment with a highly purified ..cap alpha..-1,4-endopolygalacturonase (EPG). The ...

The utilization of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) molecules by Acer pseudoplatanus cells is governed mainly by a glucosylation process. Evidence that 2,4-D glucoside molecules are biologically inactive is presented. 2,3,5-Triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), by inhibiting 2,4-D glucosylation, has a sparing effect on 2,4-D molecules; ...

This paper compares the responses to ozone in five woody species: Fagus sylvatica (FS), Acer pseudoplatanus (AP), Fraxinus excelsior (FE), Viburnum lantana (VL) and Ailanthus altissima (AA). The hypothesis being tested was that the strategies that plants adopt to resist oxidative pressure are species-specific. The study was carried out on field grown ...

Most tree species show in the inner parts of their woody axes often a dark colored zone, the heartwood. Its formation is a genetically determined, programmed cell death which is characterized by the activation of metabolic pathways which lead to the formation of phenolic heartwood extractives. In the present paper we report on the key position of the oxidative pentose ...

In organello starch biosynthesis was studied using intact chloroplasts isolated from spinach leaves (Spinacia oleracea). Immunoblot analysis using a specific antiserum against the mitochondrial adenylate (ADP/ATP) translocator of Neurospora crassa shows the presence of an adenylate translocator protein in the chloroplast envelope membranes, similar to that existing in mitochondria and amyloplasts ...

Robinia pseudoacacia and sycamore Acer pseudoplatanus) for six months in the polluted soil. As the trees trees often planted on urban soils (grey alder Alnus incana, silver birch Betula pendula, robinia

Plant cell walls serve several functions: they impart rigidity to the plant, provide a physical and chemical barrier between the cell and its environment, and regulate the size and shape of each cell. Chemical studies have provided information on the biochemical composition of the plant cell walls as well as ...

The transport, compartmentation, and metabolism of homoserine was characterized in two strains of meristematic higher plant cells, the dicotyledonous sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and the monocotyledonous weed Echinochloa colonum. Homoserine is an intermediate in the synthesis of the aspartate-derived amino acids methionine, ...

� In plant cells, sugar starvation triggers a cascade of effects at the scale of 1-2 days. However, very early metabolic response has not yet been investigated. � Soluble phosphorus (P) compounds and intracellular pHs were analysed each 2.5 min intervals in heterotrophic sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cells ...

Considerable information has been obtained about the primary structures of suspension-cultured sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) cell-wall pectic polysaccharides, i.e. rhamnogalacturonan l, rhamnogalacturonan ll, and homogalacturonan. However, these polysaccharides, which are solubilized from the walls by ...

Human alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2) plays an important role in cellular responses by regulating the hydrolysis of ceramides in cells. Here we report its biochemical characterization, membrane topology, and activity regulation. Recombinant ACER2 was expressed in yeast mutant cells (Deltaypc1Deltaydc1) that lack ...

Human alkaline ceramidase 2 (ACER2) plays an important role in cellular responses by regulating the hydrolysis of ceramides in cells. Here we report its biochemical characterization, membrane topology, and activity regulation. Recombinant ACER2 was expressed in yeast mutant cells (?ypc1?ydc1) that lack endogenous ...

The authors have previously shown that a laccase (p-diphenol:O[sub 2] oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.1) purified from suspension cultures of Acer pseudoplatanus polymerizes monolignols to form water-insoluble, lignin-like polymers (Sterjiades et al. Plant Physiol. 99:1162). Using chromogenic substrates suitable for staining Acer laccase, we ...

In vivo (31)P-NMR analyses showed that the phosphate (Pi) concentration in the cytosol of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells was much lower than the cytoplasmic Pi concentrations usually considered (60-80 mum instead of >1 mm) and that it dropped very rapidly following the onset of Pi ...

In vivo ³¹P-NMR analyses showed that the phosphate (Pi) concentration in the cytosol of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells was much lower than the cytoplasmic Pi concentrations usually considered (60�80 ?m instead of >1 mm) and that it dropped very rapidly following ...

This is the first in a series of papers dealing with the structure of cell walls isolated from suspension-cultured sycamore cells (Acer pseudoplatanus). These studies have been made possible by the availability of purified hydrolytic enzymes and by recent improvements in the techniques of methylation analysis. ...

Using ¹³C-NMR, we demonstrate that [¹³C]methanol readily entered sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) cells to be slowly metabolized to [3-¹³C]serine, [¹³CH₃]methionine, and ...

The availability of methods to fractionate non-green plastids and to prepare their limiting envelope membranes [Alban, Joyard & Douce (1988) Plant Physiol. 88, 709-717] allowed a detailed analysis of the biosynthesis of lysophosphatidic acid, phosphatidic acid, diacylglycerol and monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol (MGDG) in two different types of non-green starch-containing plastids: plastids ...

A synthetic siderophore, O-Trensox (L), has been designed and synthesized to improve iron nutrition of plants. The affinity for iron of this ligand [pFe(III) = 29.5 and pFe(II) = 17.9] is very high compared with EDTA. In spite of its high and specific affinity for iron, O-Trensox was found to be able to prevent, and to reverse, iron chlorosis in several plant species grown in axenic conditions. It ...

Starch biosynthesis has been studied by using amyloplasts isolated from cultured cells of sycamore trees (Acer pseudoplatanus L.). Highly purified intact amyloplasts, free from mitochondria and starch granules derived from broken amyloplasts, were isolated from a Percoll step gradient. Subsequently, the double silicone oil layer ...

A distinct phosphodiesterasic activity (EC 3.1.4) was found in both mono- and dicotyledonous plants that catalyzes the hydrolytic breakdown of ADPglucose (ADPG) to produce equimolar amounts of glucose-1-phosphate and AMP. The enzyme responsible for this activity, referred to as ADPG pyrophosphatase (AGPPase), was purified over 1,100-fold from barley leaves and subjected to biochemical ...

We tested the contribution of nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) hydrolysis, ethanol, and organic acid syntheses, and H⁺-pump ATPases activity in the acidosis of anoxic sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) plant cells. Culture cells were chosen to alter NTP pools and fermentation with specific ...

Millimolar concentrations of ascorbic acid or sodium ascorbate induced cytotoxicity against human glioblastoma T98G cells. Addition of hot water and sodium hydroxide extracts of the bark of Acer nikoense Maxim. synergistically enhanced the cytotoxic activity of ascorbate. Human peripheral blood lymphocytes and polymorphonuclear cells ...

The Golgi apparatus of plant cells is engaged in both the processing of glycoproteins and the synthesis of complex polysaccharides. To investigate the compartmentalization of these functions within individual Golgi stacks, we have analyzed the ultrastructure and the immunolabeling patterns of high-pressure frozen and freeze-substituted suspension-cultured sycamore maple ...

Increased generation of dihydrosphingosine (DHS), a bioactive sphingolipid, has been implicated in the cytotoxicity of the synthetic retinoid N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide (4-HPR) in tumor cells. However, how 4-HPR increases DHS remains unclear. Here we demonstrate that 4-HPR increases the expression of ACER2, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ...

The polypeptide core of the integrin ?1 subunit (?1) is glycosylated sequentially in the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi complex to form ?1 precursor and mature ?1, respectively. The ?1 precursor to mature ?1 conversion, termed ?1 maturation, regulates the cell surface levels and function of ?1-containing integrins, ?1 integrins. Here we demonstrate that the human alkaline ...

Extracts from 56 species of plants in the Euro-Asiatic region were tested for larvicidal activity against the fourth larval instar of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). All plant extracts showed larvicidal activity after 24 h of exposure to the plant extracts in a maximal dose of 500 ppm. The extracts of the plants Otanthus maritimus and Ammi visnaga displayed the ...

Vertical conduit tapering is proposed as an effective mechanism to almost eliminate the increase in hydraulic resistance with increased height. Despite this potential role, very little is known about its changes during ontogeny. Here, conduit tapering and stem morphology of young/small and old/tall individuals of Acer pseudoplatanus in the field, as well ...

One hundred and forty microfungi (Ascomycetes and Deuteromycetes) were collected in the "Landschaftspark Duisburg-Nord" located in North Rhine-Westphalia. New hosts for rarely found fungi are recorded for the first time. New for Germany are Massaria inquinans (Tode) De Not. and Nitschkia grevillei (Rhem) Nannf. on Acer pseudoplatanus L., Pirottaea ...

Trees in an urban forest are highly valued because they have esthetic appeal, provide shade, and improve air quality. During the past 5 yr (2002-2006) in St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, the elm spanworm, Ennomos subsignaria (H�bner) (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), has reached outbreak densities. Each year, hundreds of trees have been completely defoliated, and many more trees have ...

Leaf surface patterns of Acer saccharum Marsh were investigated from extremely polluted and relatively unpolluted locations in Montreal, Quebec. In the polluted locations, the values for stomatal frequency were lower, and for trichome density higher than the corresponding values in the relatively unpolluted locations. No variation was evident in the subsidiary ...

Aided phytostabilisation is a cost-efficient technique to manage metal-contaminated areas, particularly in the presence of extensive pollution. Plant establishment and survival in highly metal-contaminated soils are crucial for phytostabilisation success, as metal toxicity for plants is widely reported. A relevant phytostabilisation solution must limit metal transfer through the food chain. ...

Interactions between the living xylem (sapwood) of sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) and wood inhabiting fungi have been investigated using a number of techniques including conventional histochemical and biochemical methods, non-invasive NMR imaging and external beam microPIXE analysis using a 200 ?m diameter beam of 3 MeV protons from the new external beam ...

The above and below ground growth of three tree species (Alnus glutinosa, Pinus nigra var. maritima and Acer pseudoplatanus) was studied on a containment landfill site at Waterford, Hertfordshire, UK. Tree root architecture was studied using soil inspection pits excavated next to 12 trees of each species and mapped in detail. Tree height was related to ...

The role of vegetation in mitigating the effects of PM(10) pollution has been highlighted as one potential benefit of urban greenspace. An integrated modelling approach is presented which utilises air dispersion (ADMS-Urban) and particulate interception (UFORE) to predict the PM(10) concentrations both before and after greenspace establishment, using a 10 x 10 km area of East London Green Grid ...

Foliage dust contains heavy metal that may have harmful effects on human health. The elemental contents of tree leaves and foliage dust are especially useful to assess air environmental pollution. We studied the elemental concentrations in foliage dust and leaves of Acer pseudoplatanus along an urbanization gradient in Vienna, Austria. Samples were ...

SummaryCeramidases catalyze hydrolysis of ceramides to generate sphingosine (SPH), which is phosphorylated to form sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P). Ceramide, SPH, and S1P are bioactive lipids that mediate cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, adhesion, and migration, likely by controlling hydrolysis of ceramides and generation of SPH and S1P. Presently, 5 human ...

... Abstract : ACerS Periodic Tables Arrive in Classrooms Across the Country; ACerS Centennial Celebration - The Innovators: Schott Glas; Alumina ...

Tree species-rich forests are hypothesised to be less susceptible to insect herbivores, but so far herbivory-diversity relationships have rarely been tested for tree saplings, and no such study has been published for deciduous forests in Central Europe. We expected that diverse tree communities reduce the probability of detection of host plants and increase abundance of predators, thereby reducing ...

In forest broadleaves from the temperate zone, a large number of species exhibit seed dormancy phenomena. Tree seeds show some of the most pronounced and complicated forms of dormancy in the plant kingdom. Many seeds are deeply physiologically dormant whatever their moisture level and age. However, dormancy can usually be overcome by a cold or warm stratification for several months. The transition ...

Elucidating the function of and patterns among plant traits above ground has been a major research focus, while the patterns and functioning of belowground traits remain less well understood. Even less well known is whether species differences in leaf traits and their associated biogeochemical effects are mirrored by differences in root traits and their effects. We studied fine root decomposition ...