Acetate concentrations and rates of acetate oxidation and sulfate reduction were measured in S. alterniflora sediments in New Hampshire and Massachusetts. Pore water extracted from cores by squeezing or centrifugation contained in greater than 0.1 mM acet...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Concentrations of total chlordane, dieldrin, and p,p'-DDE in sediment ... 28. The Effect of Calcium Magnesium Acetate (CMA) Deicing Material on the Water ...
NASA Website
... Descriptors : (*POLYMERS, SOLUTIONS(MIXTURES)), (*ACETATES, SEDIMENTATION), (*SEDIMENTATION, ACETATES), SOLUTIONS ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Acetate is important in anaerobic metabolism of non-vegetated sediments but its role in salt marsh soils was not investigated thoroughly. Acetate concentrations, oxidation (C-14) and SO4(2-) reduction (S-35) were measured in S. alterniflora soils in NH an...
The activity of and potential substrates for methane-producing bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria were examined in marsh, estuary, and beach intertidal sediments. Slow rates of methane production were detected in all sediments, although rates of sulfate reduction were 100- to 1,000-fold higher. After sulfate was depleted in ...
PubMed
Acetate and hydrogen metabolism by sulfate reducers and methanogens in the profundal sediments of an oligotrophic lake were examined. Inhibition of sulfate reduction with molybdate stimulated methane production from both hydrogen and acetate. Molybdate did not stimulate methane production in sediments that were ...
Energy Citations Database
PubMed Central
Acetate biodegradation at a high pH and a high calcium concentration was examined to clarify the effect of bacterial activity on the migration of organic (14)C compounds in cementitious repositories. Tamagawa river sediment or Teganuma pond sediment was anaerobically cultured with 5�mM ...
Acetate concentrations in marine and freshwater matrices were measured by an enzymatic technique which coupled the synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A to AMP production. The resulting AMP was assayed by a sensitive and relatively rapid high-pressure liquid chromatography method, using an aqueous, isocratic mobile phase for elution. The method was insensitive to ...
, Scientific Results Volume 177 3. BACTERIAL ABUNDANCES AND PORE WATER ACETATE CONCENTRATIONS IN SEDIMENTS Bacterial populations and pore water acetate concentrations were quantified at two sites in the southeast the water depth of Site 1093, had the lowest bacterial populations. Calcium ...
E-print Network
Sediment Effects Concentrations and Contaminated Sediments Assessment and Remediation of Contaminated Sediments series published in Journal of Great Lakes Res...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
Molecular hydrogen and acetate are believed to be key intermediates in the anaerobic remineralization of organic carbon. The authors have made measurements of the cycling of both these compounds in two marine sediments: the bioturbated sediments of Buzzards Bay, Mass., and the much more reducing sediments of Town ...
The kinetics of acetate uptake in the sediment of Lake Vechten, a meso-eutrophic, monomictic freshwater lake, was investigated by monitoring the disappearance of deuterated acetate tracers. Steep acetate concentration gradients were observed in the top cm when the sediment ...
Floodplain lakes in the Rhine-Meuse delta of the Netherlands vary considerably in levels of sediment-bound toxicants. Microcosm experiments were done to compare the ecological impact of the fungicide triphenyltin acetate (TPT) between test systems with clean or polluted sediments (10 microcosms each). Differences in ...
Day-old mallard (Anas platyryhnchos) ducklings received either a clean sediment (24%) supplemented control diet, Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho (CDARB) sediment (3449 microg/g lead) supplemented diets at 12% or 24%, or a positive control diet (24% clean sediment with equivalent lead acetate to the 24% CDARB diet) ...
Day-old mallard (Anas platyryhnchos) ducklings received either a clean sediment (24%) supplemented control diet, Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho (CDARB) sediment (3449 ug/g lead) supplemented diets at 12% or 24%, or a positive control diet (24% clean sediment with equivalent lead acetate to the 24% CDARB diet) for ...
USGS Publications Warehouse
Day-old mallard (Anas platyryhnchos) ducklings received either a clean sediment (24%) supplemented control diet, Coeur d'Alene River Basin, Idaho (CDARB) sediment (3449 I?g/g lead) supplemented diets at 12% or 24%, or a positive control diet (24% clean sediment with equivalent lead acetate to the 24% CDARB diet) ...
The effects of freeze-thaw, freezing and sediment geochemistry on terminal anaerobic processes occurring in sediments taken from below cyanobacterial mats in meltwater ponds of the McMurdo Ice Shelf in Antarctica were investigated. Depending on the geochemical and physical status of the sediments (i.e., frozen or thawed), as well as ...
Methanogenesis from main methane precursors H(2)/CO(2) and acetate was investigated in a temperature range of 2-70 degrees C using sediments from Lake Baldegg, Switzerland. Psychrophilic, psychrotrophic, mesophilic, and thermophilic methanogenic microbial communities were enriched by incubations for 1-3 months of nonamended sediment ...
Measurements of the natural abundances of carbon isotopes were made in acetate samples isolated from
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Experimental materials currently being investigated for use as amendments for the in situ remediation of contaminated sediments were assessed for their potential impacts on marine benthos. Laboratory toxicity tests involving lethal and sublethal endpoints were conducted on sediments amended with apatite, organoclay, chitin, or acetate, ...
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are anticipated to find use in many human activities and commercial products. Concerns are therefore being raised regarding their environmental fate and toxicological implications, which remain largely unknown. In this study, we investigate the effects of C(60), nano-Ag and CdSe quantum dots (QD) on microbial-catalyzed oxidation of organic matter in freshwater ...
The sedimentation of manganese in the open ocean is discussed. The acetate buffer separation technique was applied to 6 cores, 3 from the Atlantic Ocean near the equator and 3 from the Caribbean Sea. The manganese distribution in the soluble fraction followed a consistent pattern, a very low concentration of soluble manganese ...
Sediment cores, collected from a contaminated zone in the Ria de Aveiro (Portugal), were sectioned, under nitrogen, and centrifuged to remove the pore waters. The sediment characteristics, including acid volatile sulphide (AVS) concentrations, were determined, together with total and available metals (Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn) and the ...
NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
Two Santa Barbara Basin marine sediments were hydrolyzed and the concentration and identification of their constituent carbohydrate moieties were determined. The ages of these sediments were estimated to be ~50 yr and ~750 yr, respectively, by counting seasonal varves by X-ray techniques. Thin-layer chromatograms developed in ethyl ...
R�o Tinto (Iberian Pyritic Belt, SW Spain) is well known for its low pH (mean pH 2.3), high redox potential (>?+400?mV) and high concentration of heavy metals. In this work we describe and analyse the presence of methanogenic archaea in the extreme acidic and oxidizing environment of the Tinto basin. Methane formation was measured in microcosms inoculated with ...
The present study evaluated the diagnostic performance of a modification of the formol ethyl acetate concentration technique, with the addition of 25% acetic acid as compared with formol ethyl acetate concentration technique (FEA) and fecal parasite concentrator kit Fresh ...
The carbon and electron flow pathways and the bacterial populations responsible for the transformation of H2-CO2, formate, methanol, methylamine, acetate, ethanol, and lactate were examined in eutrophic sediments collected during summer stratification and fall turnover. The rate of methane formation averaged ...
The distribution of various forms of P in suspended and depositional bank sediments of the Amazon River and bottom sediments of the mixing and freshwater portions of the Amazon estuary and shelf have been determined using a modified sequential extraction method. Forms of P distinguished are: P associated with ferric oxides/hydroxides (Fe-P), organic P ...
Flowthrough reactor flasks are described that allow continuous low-level nutrient input to mixed anoxic sediments without dilution of the sediment. The flasks were tested by simulating sulfate inputs into sediments collected from a freshwater eutrophic lake. After an initial 2-day adaptation within the reactor system, rates of methane ...
Acetate-stimulated bioremediation is a promising new technique for sequestering toxic uranium contamination from groundwater. The speciation of uranium in sediments after such bioremediation attempts remains unknown as a result of low uranium concentration, and is important to analyzing the stability of sequestered uranium. A new ...
DOE Information Bridge
The adsorption of Cu, Pb, and Cd from selected extractant solutions, onto uncontaminated river sediments, has been investigated under typical extraction conditions. Significant adsorption of added metal was found to occur during overnight extraction with dilute HCl (pH>1.5), 0.1 M hydroxylamine hydrochloride (pH 2), 0.1 M sodium citrate (pH 4.6), 1 M ammonium ...
/sup 14/C-tracer techniques were used to examine the metabolism of methanol and methylamines and acetogenesis from hydrogen and carbon dioxide in sediments from the profundal and littoral zones of eutrophic Wintergreen Lake, Michigan. Methanogens were primarily responsible for the metabolism of methanol, mono-methylammine, and trimethylamine and maintained the pool size of ...
... Title : Suspended-Sediment Concentration and Pool Sedimentation Data for the Gibbon River, Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming, September ...
Microbial reduction of iron has been shown to be important in the transformation and remediation of contaminated sediments. Re-oxidation of microbially reduced iron may occur in sediments that experience cycles of oxidation and reduction and can thus impact the fate and extent of contaminant remediation, yet little research has been performed to ...
Sulfur bacteria such as Beggiatoa or Thiomargarita have a particularly high capacity for storage because of their large size. In addition to sulfur and nitrate, these bacteria also store phosphorus in the form of polyphosphate. Thiomargarita namibiensis has been shown to release phosphate from internally stored polyphosphate in pulses creating steep peaks of phosphate in the ...
The carbon and electron flow pathways and the bacterial populations responsible for transformation of H/sub 2/-CO/sub 2/, formate, methanol, methylamine, acetate, glycine, ethanol, and lactate were examined in sediments collected from Knaack Lake, Wisconsin. The sediments were 60% organic matter (pH 6.2) and did not display detectable ...
The carbon and electron flow pathways and the bacterial populations responsible for transformation of H2-CO2, formate, methanol, methylamine, acetate, glycine, ethanol, and lactate were examined in sediments collected from Knaack Lake, Wis. The sediments were 60% organic matter (pH 6.2) and ...
A simple simulation model was created to aid a spatial analysis of methane flux in the Florida Everglades. The model simulated competition between sulfate reducing bacteria and methane producing bacteria in wetland sediments. Acetate was the sole source of energy for these bacteria. Acetate production was constant with depth. Standing ...
A study of anaerobic sediments below cyanobacterial mats of a low-salinity meltwater pond called Orange Pond on the McMurdo Ice Shelf at temperatures simulating those in the summer season (<5 degrees C) revealed that both sulfate reduction and methane production were important terminal anaerobic processes. Addition of [2-(14)C]acetate to ...
The composition and vertical profiles of low molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and the contribution of them to dissolved organic matter (DOM) in sediment porewaters in Bosten Lake, Xinjiang, China were investigated. The results showed that total concentration of LMWOAs was up to 94.5 micromol/L and their proportion in DOM was 5.6%, suggesting that ...
Different frequently used methods to determine the influence of acid conditions on heavy metal release from soils, sediments and waste materials, namely pH(stat) leaching tests and acid extractions with acetic acid (HOAc) (0.11 M and 0.43 M) and sodium acetate (NaOAc) (1 M) were compared for 30 samples (soils, ...
... Acetates are common constituents of plant and animal ... term feeding studies of acetic acid or the ... studies have revealed no untoward effects at concentrations far ...
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (CFSAN)
We performed plant removal (devegetation) experiments across a suite of ecologically diverse wetland settings (tidal salt marshes, river floodplain, rotational rice fields, and freshwater wetlands with permanent or seasonal flooding) to determine the extent to which the presence (or absence) of actively growing plants influences the activity of the Hg(II)-methylating microbial community and the ...
A microcosm study was performed to investigate the effect of ethanol and acetate on uranium(VI) biological reduction and microbial community changes under various geochemical conditions. Each microcosm contained an uranium-contaminated sediment (up to 2.8 g U/kg) suspended in buffer with bicarbonate at concentrations of either 1 mM or ...
The efficiencies of conventional extraction techniques and analytical methods (HPLC-DAD and ELISA) were investigated for analyses of microcystins (MCs) in sediments. Our results showed several limitations. First, the extraction efficiency strongly depends on the extraction solvent, and extraction with 5% acetic acid in 0.2% trifluoroacetic acid ...
Anaerobic degradation of organic material generally proceeds through a sequence of steps, including polymer hydrolysis, fermentation and respiration or methanogenesis. The intermediates, such as volatile fatty acids (VFA) or H(2), are generally maintained at low concentration, showing a close coupling of the terminal oxidation to fermentation. We exposed marine ...
The Sava River is the biggest tributary to the Danube River. As a part of the 6th FW EU project, Sava River Basin: Sustainable Use, Management and Protection of Resources (SARIB), ecological status of sediments was investigated. In order to assess the geographical distribution in sediment contamination of the Sava River, inorganic and persistent organic ...
River sediment at a disused lead-zinc mine was analysed to provide an understanding of the chemical nature of the source term for contaminated sediment exported from the site. Changes in concentration and geochemical associations of Pb and Zn were measured using aqua regia digestion and the BCR sequential extraction procedure. ...
This study examined the potential metal pollution induced by the accidental spill of different acids into seawater. The acids sink to the bottom according to their densities and subsequently react with marine sediments. The acids selected for this study were acetic, hydrochloric, nitric, sulfuric, and phosphoric acids; the metallic elements selected were ...
... Descriptors : *SEDIMENT TRANSPORT, COASTAL REGIONS, ENVIRONMENTS, MODELS, SEDIMENTOLOGY, ACCURACY, TRANSPORT ...
During 1987-91, chemical data were collected for pesticides and other organic compounds in surface water, streambed sediment, suspended sediment, agricultural soil, and aquatic biota to determine the occurrence, distribution, transport, and fate of organic compounds in the Yakima River basin in Washington. The report describes the chemical and physical ...
Crystallization of a one and two component system for thermal storage by fusion heat of salt hydrates was investigated for sodium sulfate (10H2O); sodium thiosulfate (5H2O) and sodium acetate (3H2O). A continuous input of small crystals which grew and sedimented from the solution aimed to keep heat transfer surfaces crystal free. The two component system ...
Microbial communities in cores obtained from methane hydrate-bearing deep marine sediments (down to more than 300 m below the seafloor) in the forearc basin of the Nankai Trough near Japan were characterized with cultivation-dependent and -independent techniques. Acridine orange direct count data indicated that cell numbers generally decreased with ...
An innovative iron oxide embedded cellulose acetate membrane (FeO/CAM) was synthesized and used to study available phosphorus in Chinese lake sediments. The kinetics of available P release was investigated by FeO/CAM for different types of sediments ranging in Olsen-P from 19.1 to 170.6 mg/kg. The results showed that the average kd ...
The prokaryotic activity, diversity and culturability of diffusion-controlled Aarhus Bay sediments, including the sulphate-methane transition zone (SMTZ), were determined using a combination of geochemical, molecular (16S rRNA and mcrA genes) and cultivation techniques. The SMTZ had elevated sulphate reduction and anaerobic oxidation of methane, and enhanced cell numbers, but ...
The apparent microbial conversion of acetate to methane ranges seasonally from 0.7 to 88 micromoles per liter of whole wet sediment per hour in the top 5 centimeters of methane-producing sediments underlying sulfate-reducing sediments in Cape Lookout Bight, North Carolina. The associated methane flux across the ...
Field work was conducted in the Yangtze (Changjiang River) estuary in April, 2006. Water and surface sediment samples were collected to analyze total arsenic and different arsenic species, and to assess the bioavailability. Water samples were filtered through 0.45 microm filter membrane to determine the concentrations of dissolved arsenic, while the ...
The geochemistry and microbiology of a uranium-contaminated subsurface environment that had undergone two seasons of acetate addition to stimulate microbial U(VI) reduction was examined. There were distinct horizontal and vertical geochemical gradients that could be attributed in large part to the manner in which acetate was distributed in the aquifer, ...
The geochemistry and microbiology of a uranium-contaminated subsurface environment that had undergone two seasons of acetate addition to stimulate microbial U(VI) reduction was examined. There were distinct horizontal and vertical geochemical gradients that could be attributed in large part to the manner in which acetate was distributed in the aquifer with ...
The fates and the rates of metabolism of acetate, trimethylamine, methylamine, and methanol were examined to determine the significance of these compounds as in situ methane precursors in surface sediments of an intertidal zone in Maine. Concentrations of these potential methane precursors were generally <3 muM, with the exception ...
The fates and the rates of metabolism of acetate, trimethylamine, methylamine, and methanol were examined to determine the significance of these compounds as in situ methane precursors in surface sediments of an intertidal zone in Maine. Concentrations of these potential methane precursors were generally <3 ?M, with the exception of ...
... Title : Data on Sediment Quality and Concentrations of Polychlorinated Biphenyls From the Lower Neponset River, Massachsuetts, 2002-03. ...
This presentation will include a discussion of lead concentrations in nine dated Lake Michigan sediments cores....
EPA Science Inventory
The geochemical fingerprint of sediment retrieved from the banks of the River Manzanares as it passes through the City of Madrid is presented here. The river collects the effluent water from several Waste Water Treatment (WWT) plants in and around the city, such that, at low flows, up to 60% of the flow has been treated. A total of 18 bank-sediment cores ...
... measure the size distribution of the sediment in suspension and to determine if these sediments were transported ... conditions and shears. The concentration of sediment in suspension and the size distrib...
Microcosm tests with uranium contaminated sediments were performed to explore the feasibility of using oleate as a slow-release electron donor for U(VI) reduction in comparison to ethanol. Oleate degradation proceeded more slowly than ethanol with acetate produced as an intermediate for both electron donors under a range of initial sulfate ...
The adsorption of acetate, butyrate, lactate, and stearate was measured using a clastic mud from Cape Lookout Bight, N.C. (CLB), a lateritic muddy sand from Kahana Stream, Oahu, Hawaii (KS), and a fine carbonate sand from Waimanalo Beach, Oahu, (WB). Partition coefficients (K/sub d/, moles adsorbed per g of solid phasemoles dissolved per ml of pore water) ranged from 10/sup ...
The Sediment Effect Concentration Database contains sediment information about the benthic diversity, laboratory toxicity, contaminant bioaccumulation, ... ...
Dissimilatory sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRB) are a very diverse group of anaerobic bacteria that are omnipresent in nature and play an imperative role in the global cycling of carbon and sulfur. In anoxic marine sediments sulfate reduction accounts for up to 50% of the entire organic mineralization in coastal and shelf ecosystems where sulfate diffuses several meters deep ...
Biological Cr(VI) reduction was studied in anaerobic sediments from an aquifer in Norman, Okla. Microcosms containing sediment and mineral medium were amended with various electron donors to determine those most important for biological Cr(VI) reduction. Cr(VI) (about 340 ?M) was reduced with endogenous substrates (no donor), or ...
2,4-Dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) was anaerobically degraded in freshwater lake sediments. From observed intermediates in incubated sediment samples and from enrichment cultures, the following sequence of transformations was postulated. 2,4-DCP is dechlorinated to 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), 4-CP is dechlorinated to phenol, phenol is carboxylated to benzoate, and ...
Seasonal changes in the mineralization of organic compounds in sediments were investigated in temperate, sublittoral zone sediments (Tokyo Bay, Japan). The total mineralization rate and sulfate reduction rate showed large seasonal variations over the year, and although the fluctuations in both rates correlated with temperature, the latter was irregularly ...
Methane ebullition and high rates of methane production were observed in sediments of a hypersaline pond (180�) which contained sulfate in excess of 100 mM. The highest rates of methane production were observed in surface sediments associated with an algal mat dominated by a Spirulina sp. The mat contained a methylated amine, glycine betaine (GBT), at ...
Adsorption on soil and sediment solids may decrease aqueous uranium concentrations and limit its propensity for migration in natural and contaminated settings. Uranium adsorption will be controlled in large part by its aqueous speciation, with a particular dependence on the presence of dissolved calcium and carbonate. Here we quantify the impact of uranyl ...
In the present study, an ephemeral (E) and a semipermanent (SP) wetland were divided into halves using a polyvinyl curtain and one-half of each wetland was treated with dicamba (3,6-dichloro-o-anisic acid), bromoxynil (3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile), MCPA [(4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy)acetic acid], 2,4-D [(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid], mecoprop-P ...
The concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb in superficial sediment samples collected from three representative sites (Yuqiao Reservoir, Haihe River, and Haihe River Estuary) in Tianjin, North China, were analyzed using various single extraction and sequential extraction procedures to determine their remobilization, extractability, and distribution ...
Artificially stimulated U(VI) bioreduction is being investigated as a means to mitigate shallow ground water uranium contamination at the Rifle, CO, IFRC site and is considered to be an important technology for other aquifers with moderate/low dissolved oxygen concentrations. Laboratory research utilizing pure microbial cultures has demonstrated that bacteria can rapidly ...
Concentrations and isotopic compositions of ethane and propane in cold, deeply buried sediments from the southeastern Pacific are best explained by microbial production of these gases in situ. Reduction of acetate to ethane provides one feasible mechanism. Propane is enriched in 13C relative to ethane. The amount ...
Fast growing biomass plants such as Salix species are promising for use in phytoremediation of contaminated land. This study assessed the seasonal variations and changes with stand age in metal concentrations of S. fragilis L. and S. triandra L. grown in field conditions on contaminated dredged sediment substrates with comparable properties. A lesser ...
The conclusions of this paper are: (1) Under sediment and groundwater conditions representative of the source zone during treatment, the amendment of ethanol stimulated microbial uranium reduction. This transformation was apparently mediated by bacterial activity, as uranium was not reduced in sterilized microcosms. (2) Various soluble uranium ...
The depth distributions of various solid-phase and porewater fractions of Pb, Fe and Cd in boxcores from three stations in the Laurentian Trough demonstrate that Pb is subject to early diagenetic change. High total-Pb concentrations, compared to background levels, indicate that much of the Pb in these cores is of anthropogenic origin. Patterns of mobilization and fixation, and ...
A method for the isolation of 20 parent organophosphate pesticides and 5 pesticide degradates from bottom-sediment samples is described. The compound O-ethyl-O-methyl-S-proplyphosphorothioate is reported as an estimated concentration because of variable performance. In this method, the sediment samples are centrifuged to remove ...
Total concentrations of formate, acetate, and isobutyrate varied from less than 5 to greater than 9,000 {mu}mol/l over distances of < 3 m in ground water from a shallow hydrocarbon contaminated aquifer. Laboratory incubations of aquifer material indicate that organic acid concentrations were dependent on the amount of hydrocarbon ...
... Summary of Suspended-Sediment Concentration Data, San Francisco Bay, California, Water Year 1999 ... Concentration Data, San Francisco Bay, ...
... Summary of Suspended�Sediment Concentration Data, San Francisco Bay, California, Water Year 2002 ... Concentration Data, San Francisco Bay, ...
Pond Sediment Metal Concentrations in the Vicinity of the Space Shuttle Launch Pads at ... aluminum concentration is decreasing at both pads while zinc is ...
... NRL/MRI6110--05-8854 Ambient PAH and Metal Concentration ... Ambient PAH and Metal Concentration in Intertidal Sediments of Coaster's Harbor ...