We report the purification and characterization of O-acetyl-serine sulfhydrylase (OASS) from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila, a moderately ...
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Acetate kinase was purified 102-fold to a specific activity of 656 mumol of ADP formed/min/mg of protein from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila. The enzyme was not intrinsically membrane bound. The native enzyme (Mr 94,000) was an alpha 2 homodimer with a subunit Mr of 53,000. The activity was optimum between pH 7.0 and 7.4. A ...
PubMed
A ferredoxin, which functions as an electron acceptor for the CO dehydrogenase complex from Methanosarcina thermophila, was purified from acetate-grown cells. It was isolated as a trimer having a native molecular weight of approximately 16,400 and monomer molecular weight of 4,888 calculated from the amino acid composition. The ...
The carbon monoxide dehydrogenase complex from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila was further studied by EPR spectroscopy. The as purified enzyme exhibited no paramagnetic species at 113 K; however, enzyme reduced with CO exhibited a complex EPR spectrum comprised of two paramagnetic species with g values of g1 = 2.089, g2 = ...
Cell extracts from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila contained CO-oxidizing:H2-evolving activity 16-fold greater than extracts from methanol-grown cells. Following fractionation of cell extracts into soluble and membrane components, CO-dependent H2 evolution and CO-dependent methyl-coenzyme M methylreductase activities were only ...
The purified nickel-containing CO dehydrogenase complex isolated from methanogenic Methanosarcina thermophila grown on acetate is able to catalyze the exchange of [1-14C] acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) (carbonyl group) with 12CO as well as the exchange of [3'-32P]CoA with acetyl-CoA. Kinetic parameters for the carbonyl exchange have been determined: Km ...
PubMed Central
Methyl coenzyme M methylreductase from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1 was purified 16-fold from a cell extract to apparent homogeneity as determined by native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Ninety-four percent of the methylreductase activity was recovered in the soluble fraction of cell extracts. The estimated ...
During the methanogenic fermentation of acetate by Methanosarcina thermophila, the CO dehydrogenase complex cleaves acetyl coenzyme A and oxidizes the carbonyl group (or CO) to CO2, followed by electron transfer to coenzyme M (CoM)-S-S-coenzyme B (CoB) and reduction of this heterodisulfide to HS-CoM and HS-CoB (A. P. Clements, R. H. White, and J. G. Ferry, ...
An enzyme complex was isolated from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila that oxidized CO and catalyzed the synthesis or cleavage of acetyl-CoA. The complex consisted of five subunits ({alpha}1{beta}1{gamma}1{delta}1{epsilon}1) of 89, 71, 60, 58, and 19 kDa. The complex contained nickel, iron, acid-labile sulfide, and cobalt in a ...
Energy Citations Database
The active site of the enzyme from Methanosarcina thermophila has been characterized in an effort to understand the evolution of this class and the ...
Cysteine is the major source of fixed sulfur for the synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds in organisms of the Bacteria and Eucarya domains. Though pathways for cysteine biosynthesis have been established for both of these domains, it is unknown how the Archaea fix sulfur or synthesize cysteine. None of the four archaeal genomes sequenced to date contain open reading frames with identities to ...
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila was purified > 10,000-fold (22% recovery) to apparent homogeneity with a specific activity of 4872 units/mg. The estimated native molecular mass of the enzyme is 84 kDa based on gel filtration chromatography. SDS/PAGE revealed one protein band with an apparent ...
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila was purified >10,000-fold (22% recovery) to apparent homogeneity with a specific activity of 4872 units/mg. The estimated native molecular mass of the enzyme is 84 kDa based on gel filtration chromatography. SDS/PAGE revealed one protein band with an apparent ...
The carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) complex from Methanosarcina thermophila catalyzed the synthesis of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) from CH3I, CO, and coenzyme A (CoA) at a rate of 65 nmol/min/mg at 55 degrees C. The reaction ended after 5 min with the synthesis of 52 nmol of acetyl-CoA per nmol of CODH complex. The optimum temperature for ...
Fast protein liquid chromatography of cell extract from methanol- or acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila resolved two peaks of CO dehydrogenase activity. The activity of one of the CO dehydrogenases was sixfold greater in acetate-grown compared with methanol-grown cells. This CO dehydrogenase was purified to apparent homogeneity (70 mumol of methyl ...
Ferredoxin from Methanosarcina thermophila is an electron acceptor for the CO dehydrogenase complex which decarbonylates acetyl-coenzyme A and oxidizes the carbonyl group to carbon dioxide in the pathway for conversion of the methyl group of acetate to methane (K. C. Terlesky and J. G. Ferry, J. Biol. Chem. 263:4080-4082, 1988). Resonance Raman ...
An enzyme complex was isolated from acetate-grown Methanosarcina thermophila that oxidized CO and catalyzed the synthesis or cleavage of acetyl-CoA. The complex consisted of five subunits (alpha1beta1gamma1delta1epsilon1) of 89, 71, 60, 58, and 19 kDa. The complex contained nickel, iron, acid-labile sulfide, and cobalt in a corrinoid ...
BackgroundAcetate is the major source of methane in nature. The majority of investigations have focused on acetotrophic methanogens for which energy-conserving electron transport is dependent on the production and consumption of H2 as an intermediate, although the great majority of acetotrophs are unable to metabolize H2. The presence of cytochrome c ...
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Acetate is the major source of methane in nature. The majority of investigations have focused on acetotrophic methanogens for which energy-conserving electron transport is dependent on the production and consumption of H2 as an intermediate, although the great majority of acetotrophs are unable to metabolize H2. The presence of cytochrome c and a complex (Ma-Rnf) homologous ...
Identification of Essential Arginines in the Acetate Kinase from Methanosarcina thermophila Kavita (recombinant wild-type). The role of arginines in this acetate kinase was investigated. Five arginines (R91, R were consistent with the presence of one or more essential arginine residues in the active site as well
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The cell extract protein content of acetate- and methanol-grown Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1 was examined by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. More than 100 mutually exclusive spots were present in acetate- and methanol-grown cells. Spots corresponding to acetate kinase, phosphotransacetylase, and the five subunits of the carbon ...
The cell extract protein content of acetate-and methanol-grown Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1 was examined by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. More than 100 mutually exclusive spots were present in acetate- and methanol-grown cells. Spots corresponding to acetate kinase, phosphotransacetylase, and the five subunits of the carbon ...
Biological methane formation from acetate and formate was studied using biochemical and molecular genetic approaches. The pathway of acetate conversion to methane was elucidated in Methanosarcina thermophila. It involves activation of acetate to the metab...
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that the two binding sites in the dimeric acetate kinase can be distinguished. Since the enzyme is a homodimer, the results suggest that binding of substrate to one active site of the enzyme affects the ability) location near the substrate binding site, (ii) space for a tryptophan residue, and (iii) probability
Each of the genomic sequences of Methanosarcina acetivorans, Methanosarcina mazei, and Methanosarcina thermophila revealed two homologs of mtaA, three homologs of mtaB, and three homologs of mtaC encoding enzymes specific for methanogenesis from methanol. Two-dimensional gel electrophoretic analyses of polypeptides ...
We report the ability of Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1 to adapt and grow in media containing NaCl concentrations of 0.005 to 1.2 M. When adapted to marine NaCl concentrations, this species ceased to produce the heteropolysaccharide outer layer typically formed by species of nonmarine origin. concomitant with this adaptation, M. ...
The authors report the ability of Mesthanosarcina thermophila TM-1 to adapt and grow in media containing NaCl concentrations of 0.005 to 1.2 M. When adapted to marine NaCl concentrations, this species ceased to produce the heteropolysaccharide outer layer typically formed by species of nonmarine origin. Concomitant with this adaptation, M. thermophila ...
The effect of medium osmolarity on the morphology and growth of Methanosarcina barkeri, Methanosarcina thermophila, Methanosarcina mazei, Methanosarcina vacuolata, and Methanosarcina acetivorans was examined. Each strain was adapted for growth in NaCl concentrations ranging ...
-4500 Acetate kinase catalyzes the magnesium-dependent transfer of the -phosphate of ATP to acetate. The re. Acetate kinase, which catalyzes the magnesium-dependent transfer of the ATP -phosphate to acetate (Eq. 2 to bind the nucleotide -phosphate, resulted in vari- ants requiring a greater concentration of magnesium
Our current understanding of the pathway of acetate conversion to methane in Methanosarcina thermophila is depicted. Our accomplishments this past year include phosphotransacetylase, the corrinoid/Fe-S protein component of the carbon monoxide dehydrogenas...
The methanogenic Archaea, like the Bacteria and Eucarya, possess several osmoregulatory strategies that enable them to adapt to osmotic changes in their environment. The physiological responses of Methanosarcina species to different osmotic pressures were studied in extracellular osmolalities ranging from 0.3 to 2.0 osmol/kg. Regardless of the isolation source, the maximum ...
The effects of Mg2+ on thermophilic (55 degrees C) granules grown on acetate in 0.2-liter upflow anaerobic sludge blanket reactors were studied. The methanogens in the granules were identified and counted by using antibody probes and the antigenic fingerprinting method. Packets of large coccoidal cells antigenically related to Methanosarcina thermophila ...
CO and H2 have been implicated in methanogenesis from acetate, but it is unclear whether they are directly involved in methanogenesis or electron transfer in acetotrophic methanogens. We compared metabolism of H2, CO, and formate by cultures of the thermophilic acetotrophic methanogens Methanosarcina ...
Methanogenic Archaea are found in a wide range of environments and use several strategies to adjust to changes in extracellular solute concentrations. One methanogenic archaeon, Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1, can adapt to various osmotic conditions by synthesis of alpha-glutamate and a newly discovered compatible solute, Ne-acetyl-beta-lysine, or by ...
A fixed-bed loop, high-rate anaerobic bioreactor treating sulfite evaporator condensate was sampled when it reached steady state and afterwards following perturbations during a 14-month period. By using immunotechnology, it was observed that shifts in methanogenic subpopulations occurred in association with perturbations, such as restarting and relocating the biomass into a different tank. ...
Acetate kinase, a member of the acetate and sugar kinase/Hsc 70/actin (ASKHA) structural superfamily, catalyzes the reversible transfer of the ?-phosphoryl group from ATP to acetate yielding ADP and acetyl phosphate. A catalytic mechanism for the enzyme from Methanosarcina thermophila has been proposed based on the crystal structure and kinetic analyses of ...
The overall aims of the proposal were to identify intermediates in the process of methane formation from acetate. The specific aims were: (1) to characterize the mechanism of acetyl-CoA conversion to CH{sub 3}-H{sub 4}MPT, CO, and CoA and elucidate the mechanism of CO oxidation by the methanosarcina thermophila CO dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase ...
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Most of the methane produced in nature derives from the methyl group of acetate, the major end product of anaerobes decomposing complex plant material. The acetate is derived from the metabolic intermediate acetyl-CoA via the combined activities of phosphotransacetylase and acetate kinase. In Methanosarcina species, the enzymes function in the reverse direction to activate ...
A carbonic anhydrase from the thermophilic archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila that exhibits no significant sequence similarity to known carbonic anhydrases has recently been characterized. Here we present the structure of this enzyme, which adopts a left-handed parallel beta-helix fold. This fold is of particular interest since it contains only ...
Methanosarcina thermophila tuting nearly 70% of biological methane production (Ferry, 1992). Pta functions early assimilation and energy-yielding path- several decades (Fox et al., 1986; Miles et al., 2001; ways in anaerobic isocitrate and isopropylmalate dehydrogenases structural stability and possibly catalysis, and a second
M), and potassium acetate (25 mM) in 100 mM BisTris buffer (pH 5.5). The enzyme activity was then assayed and acetate ( ), minus all components except buffer (OE). A Transition State Analog for Acetate Kinase22548 of acetate did not significantly inhibit the enzyme (Table II). Fluorescence Monitoring of MgADP Binding--Buffered
CO and H{sub 2} have been implicated in methanogenesis from acetate, but it is unclear whether they are directly involved in methanogenesis or electron transfer in acetotrophic methanogens. The authors compared metabolism of H{sub 2}, CO, and formate by cultures of the thermophilic acetotrophic methanogens Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1 and Methanothrix ...
The genes for the acetate-activating enzymes, acetate kinase and phosphotransacetylase (ack and pta), from Methanosarcina thermophila TM-1 were cloned and sequenced. Both genes are present in only one copy per genome, with the pta gene adjacent to and upstream of the ack gene. Consensus archaeal promoter sequences are found upstream of the pta coding ...
A mixed 17-mer oligonucleotide deduced from the N terminus of a ferredoxin isolated from Methanosarcina thermophila was used to probe a lambda gt11 library prepared from M. thermophila genomic DNA; positive clones contained either a 5.7- or 2.1-kbp EcoRI insert. An open reading frame (fdxA) located within the 5.7-kbp insert had a ...
Acetate conversion to methane and C0{sub 2} by the methanogenic archaebacteria is a primary rate limiting step in anaerobic biodegradative processes in nature. However, the genetic study of these organisms has not been experimentally tractable due to the inability to grow and plate the organisms as single cells, and to extract high molecular weight DNA and RNA without shearing. The ...
A total of 35 homologs of the iron-sulfur flavoprotein (Isf) from Methanosarcina thermophila were identified in databases. All three domains were represented, and multiple homologs were present in several species. An unusually compact cysteine motif ligating the 4Fe-4S cluster in Isf is conserved in all of the homologs except two, in which either an ...
Acetate kinase catalyzes the reversible magnesium-dependent synthesis of acetyl phosphate by transfer of the ATP ?-phosphoryl group to acetate. Inspection of the crystal structure of the Methanosarcina thermophila enzyme containing only ADP revealed a solvent-accessible hydrophobic pocket formed by residues Val93, ...
The prototype of the gamma-class of carbonic anhydrase has been characterized from the methanogenic archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila. Previously reported kinetic studies of the gamma-class carbonic anhydrase are consistent with this enzyme having a reaction mechanism similar to that of the mammalian alpha-class carbonic anhydrase. However, the overall ...
Gamma carbonic anhydrases (gammaCA) are widespread in Prokaryotes. In Eukaryotes, homologous genes were found only in plant genomes. In Arabidopsis and maize, the corresponding gene products are subunits of mitochondrial Complex I. At present, only gammaCA homotrimers of Methanosarcina thermophila (CAM) show reversible carbon dioxide (CO(2)) hydration ...
Two corrinoid proteins with molecular sizes of 480 and 29 kDa are stably methylated by [2-14C]acetate-derived intermediates in cell extracts of aceticlastic Methanosarcina barkeri when methylreductase is inhibited by the addition of bromoethanesulfonic acid. Both 14CH3-proteins have been isolated to near homogeneity and found to be abundant soluble proteins. The larger protein ...
Methanosarcina strain 227 exhibited exponential growth on sodium acetate in the absence of added H2. Under these conditions, rates of methanogenesis were limited by concentrations of acetate below 0.05 M. One mole of methane was formed per mole of acetate consumed. Additional evidence from radioactive labeling studies indicated that sufficient energy for ...
Cell extracts of acetate-grown Methanosarcina strain TM-1 and Methanosarcina acetivorans both contained CH3-S-CoM methylreductase activity. The methylreductase activity was supported by CO and H2 but not by formate as electron donors. The CO-dependent activity was equivalent to the H2-dependent activity in strain TM-1 and was fivefold higher than the ...
Cell extracts of acetate-grown Methanosarcina strain TM-1 and Methanosarcina acetivorans both contained CH/sub 3/-S-CoM methylreductase activity. The methylreductase activity was supported by CO and H/sub 2/ but not by formate as electron donors. The CO-dependent activity was equivalent to the H/sub 2/-dependent activity in strain TM-1 and was fivefold ...
Carbon monoxide dehydrogenase from acetate-grown cells of Methanosarcina barkeri exists in a high molecular weight form (approximately 3 X 10(6)) under conditions of high ionic strength but is converted to a much smaller form by dialysis. The enzyme was purified by a procedure which exploits isolation of the aggregated form by gel filtration and subsequent ...
The authors request an Opinion regarding rejection of the type species Methanosarcina methanica (Approved Lists 1980) and conservation of the genus Methanosarcina with Methanosarcina barkeri (Approved Lists 1980) as the type species, and the authors provide an amended description of the genus Methanosarcina. 11 ...
The composting process is carried out under aerobic conditions involving bacteria, archaea, and fungi. Little is known about the diversity of archaeal community in compost, although they may play an important role in methane production and ammonia oxidation. In the present study, archaeal community dynamics during cattle manure composting were analyzed using a clone library of the archaeal 16S ...
When Methanosarcina sp. strain TM-1 is grown in medium in which both methanol and acetate are present, growth is biphasic, with methanol used as the primary catabolic substrate during the first phase. To better understand this phenomenon, we grew cells on methanol or on acetate or on both and examined the abilities of anaerobically washed cells to catabolize these substrates. ...
The homotrimeric enzyme Mt-Cam from Methanosarcina thermophila is the archetype of the gamma class of carbonic anhydrases. A search of databases queried with Mt-Cam revealed that a majority of the homologs comprise a putative subclass (CamH) in which there is major conservation of all of the residues essential for the archetype Mt-Cam except Glu62 and an ...
Methanosarcina thermophila, a nonmarine methanogenic archaebacterium, can grow in a range of saline concentrations. At less than 0.4 M NaCl, Ms. thermophila accumulated glutamate in response to increasing osmotic stress. At greater than 0.4 M NaCl, this organism synthesized a modified {beta}-amino acid that was identified as N{sup {var ...
Acetate kinase, an enzyme widely distributed in the Bacteria and Archaea domains, catalyzes the phosphorylation of acetate. We have determined the three-dimensional structure of Methanosarcina thermophila acetate kinase bound to ADP through crystallography. As we previously predicted, acetate kinase contains a core fold that is topologically identical to ...
Since 1933, carbonic anhydrase research has focused on enzymes from mammals (alpha class) and plants (beta class); however, two additional classes (gamma and delta) were discovered recently. Cam, from the procaryote Methanosarcina thermophila, is the prototype of the gamma class and the first carbonic anhydrase to be characterized from either an anaerobic ...
Direct synthesis and cleavage of acetyl-CoA are carried out by the bifunctional CO dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase enzyme in anaerobic bacteria and by the acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase (ACDS) multienzyme complex in Archaea. In both systems, a nickel- and Fe/S-containing active site metal center, the A cluster, catalyzes acetyl C-C bond formation/breakdown. Carbonyl group exchange of ...
Direct synthesis and cleavage of acetyl-CoA are carried out by the bifunctional CO dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase enzyme in anaerobic bacteria and by the acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase (ACDS) multienzyme complex in Archaea. In both systems, a nickel- and Fe/S-containing active site metal center, the A cluster, catalyzes acetyl C�C bond formation/breakdown. Carbonyl group exchange of ...
Phosphotransacetylase (EC 2.3.1.8) catalyzes the reversible transfer of the acetyl group from acetyl phosphate to coenzyme A (CoA): CH3COOPO32? + CoASH ? CH3COSCoA + HPO42?. The role of arginine residues was investigated for the phosphotransacetylase from ...
Anions represent the second class of inhibitors of the zinc enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2.1.1), in addition to sulfonamides, which possess clinical applications. The first inhibition study of the zinc and cobalt gamma-class enzyme from the archaeon Methanosarcina thermophila (Cam) with anions is reported here. Inhibition data of the alpha-class ...
Large quantities of purified carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH) were obtained from acetate-grown cells of Methanosarcina barkeri by scaling-up the purification procedure which the authors developed in 1985. Studies on the pure enzyme demonstrated that it has an alpha 2 beta 2 oligomeric structure composed of subunits with molecular weights of 19,700 and ...
A thermophilic upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor degrading acetate was started by applying published methods (W. M. Wiegant and A. W. A. de Man, Biotechnol. Bioeng. 28:718-77, 1986) for production of granules dominated by Methanothrix spp. The reactor was inoculated with thermophilic digested sludge. No granules were observed during the first 7 months of start-up of the UASB reactor. ...
Fast protein liquid chromatography of cell extract from methanol- or acetate-grown Methanoscarcina thermophila resolved two peaks of CO dehydrogenase activity. The activity of one of the CO dehydrogenases was sixfold greater in acetate-grown compared with methanol-grown cells. This CO dehydrogenase was purified to apparent homogeneity (70 ..mu..mol of methyl viologen reduced ...
Our current understanding of the pathway of acetate conversion to methane in Methanosarcina thermophila is depicted. Our accomplishments this past year include phosphotransacetylase, the corrinoid/Fe-S protein component of the carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, and ferredoxin were characterized in further detail; two methyl transferase activities were ...
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor granules were used as an experimental model microbial consortium to study the dynamics and distribution of methanogens. Immunologic methods revealed a considerable diversity of methanogens that was greater in mesophilic granules than in the same granules 4 months after a temperature shift from 38 to 55 degrees C. During this period, the sizes of the ...
Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket bioreactor granules were used as an experimental model microbial consortium to study the dynamics and distribution of methanogens. Immunologic methods revealed a considerable diversity of methanogens that was greater in mesophilic granules than in the same granules 4 months after a temperature shift from 38 to 55�C. During this period, the sizes of the ...
Three different methyltransferases initiate methanogenesis from trimethylamine (TMA), dimethylamine (DMA) or monomethylamine (MMA) by methylating different cognate corrinoid proteins that are subsequently used to methylate coenzyme M (CoM). Here, genes encoding the DMA and TMA methyltransferases are characterized for the first time. A single copy of mttB, the TMA methyltransferase gene, was ...
The homotrimeric enzyme Mt-Cam from Methanosarcina thermophila is the archetype of the ? class of carbonic anhydrases. A search of databases queried with Mt-Cam revealed that a majority of the homologs comprise a putative subclass (CamH) in which there is major conservation of all of the residues essential for the archetype Mt-Cam except Glu62 and an ...
... 7408.2003.tb00146.x Protein Binding to Expanded Telomere Repeats in Tetrahymena thermophilaJENNIFER M. MCGUIRE, JOYCE ACHE ... ...
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The can (previously yadF) gene of Escherichia coli encodes a ?-class carbonic anhydrase (CA), an enzyme which interconverts CO2 and bicarbonate.Various essential metabolic processes require either CO2 or bicarbonate and, although carbon dioxide and bicarbonate spontaneously equilibrate in solution, the low concentration of CO2 in ...
Cyanobacterial RuBisCO is sequestered in large, icosahedral, protein-bounded microcompartments called carboxysomes. Bicarbonate is pumped into the cytosol, diffuses into the carboxysome through small pores in its shell, and is then converted to CO2 by carbonic anhydrase (CA) prior to fixation. Paradoxically, many ?-cyanobacteria, including Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1, ...
Methanopterin is a folate analog involved in the C1 metabolism of methanogenic archaea, sulfate-reducing archaea, and methylotrophic bacteria. Although a pathway for methanopterin biosynthesis has been described in methanogens, little is known about the enzymes and genes involved in the biosynthetic pathway. The enzyme ?-ribofuranosylaminobenzene 5?-phosphate synthase ...
The final steps in acetyl-CoA biosynthesis by anaerobic bacteria are performed by carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (CODH), a nickel/iron-sulfur protein. An important achievement was to establish conditions under which acetyl-CoA synthesis by purified enzymes equals the in vivo rate of acetate synthesis. Under these optimized conditions we established that the rate limiting step in the synthesis of ...
Three genes from Arabidopsis thaliana with high sequence similarity to gamma carbonic anhydrase (gammaCA), a Zn containing enzyme from Methanosarcina thermophila (CAM), were identified and characterized. Evolutionary and structural analyses predict that these genes code for active forms of gammaCA. Phylogenetic analyses reveal that these Arabidopsis gene ...
The bifunctional CO dehydrogenase/acetyl-CoA synthase (CODH/ACS) plays a central role in the Wood�Ljungdahl pathway of autotrophic CO2 fixation. A recent structure of the Moorella thermoacetica enzyme revealed that the ACS active site contains a [4Fe-4S] cluster bridged to a binuclear Cu-Ni site. Here, biochemical and x-ray absorption spectroscopic (XAS) evidence is ...
Several enzymes in the pathway of acetate conversion to methane and carbon dioxide have been purified from Methanosarcina thermophila. The mechanisms of these enzymes are under investigation utilizing biochemical, biophysical and molecular genetic approaches. Acetate kinase and phosphotransacetylase catalyzes the activation of acetate to acetyl-CoA. The ...
The bacterial single-stranded DNA-binding protein (SSB) and the archaeal/eukaryotic functional homolog, replication protein A (RPA), are essential for most aspects of DNA metabolism. Structural analyses of the architecture of SSB and RPA suggest that they are composed of different combinations of a module called the oligonucleotide/oligosaccharide-binding (OB) fold. Members of the domains Bacteria ...
Low-temperature-adapted archaea are abundant in the environment, yet little is known about the thermal adaptation of their proteins. We have previously compared elongation factor 2 (EF-2) proteins from Antarctic (Methanococcoides burtonii) and thermophilic (Methanosarcina thermophila) methanogens and found that the M. burtonii EF-2 had greater intrinsic ...
... ADA188393. Title : Confirmation of Multiple Organofluorophate Hydrolyzing Activities in the Protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
Tetrahymena thermophila (T. thermophila) BF(5) produces heat through growth and metabolism. By microcalorimetry, the power-time curves of the metabolism of T. thermophila BF(5) at 28 �C were measured and some quantitative parameters were obtained from these curves. Then the action of berberine on this microbe was investigated. ...
Acetate is the major source of methane produced in anaerobic digestion, accounting for about two thirds of all the methane produced. The major methanogenic bacteria responsible for this reaction are /ital Methanosarcina barkeri/ and /ital Methanosarcina m...
Methanosarcina mazei S-6 grew faster and its morphology changed to individual coccoid cells in medium with elevated concentrations of divalent cations and a large amount of catabolic substrate.
... Novel, Unconventional Myosin Gene Affects Endocytosis and Macronuclear Elongation in Tetrahymena thermophilaSELWYN A. WILLIAMSa, ROLAND E. HOSEINa, ... Table 2). Prior to the onset of macronuclear elongat...
... of GFP-Actin Leads to Failure of Nuclear Elongation and Cytokinesis in Tetrahymena thermophilaROLAND E. HOSEIN, SELWYN ... related structures correlated with severe impairment of macronuclear elongation a...
This report discusses the formation of rRNA gene palindrome in Tetrahymena thermophila and the involvement of intramolecular recombination. This, along with the authors` previous study, is the first to define a molecular pathway of palindrome formation. 48 refs., 6 figs.
... techniques that will permit the detection, isolation, and cloning of genes that are regulated during acetate catabolism in the Methanosarcina spp. ...
Cyanobacterial RuBisCO is sequestered in large, icosahedral, protein-bounded microcompartments called carboxysomes. Bicarbonate is pumped into the cytosol, diffuses into the carboxysome through small pores in its shell, and is then converted to CO(2) by carbonic anhydrase (CA) prior to fixation. Paradoxically, many beta-cyanobacteria, including Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1, lack the ...
Cyanobacterial RuBisCO is sequestered in large, icosahedral, protein-bounded microcompartments called carboxysomes. Bicarbonate is pumped into the cytosol, diffuses into the carboxysome through small pores in its shell, and is then converted to CO{sub 2} by carbonic anhydrase (CA) prior to fixation. Paradoxically, many {beta}-cyanobacteria, including Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1, lack the ...
BackgroundCarbonic anhydrase (CA) is a ubiquitous enzyme catalyzing the reversible hydration of CO2 to bicarbonate, a reaction underlying diverse biochemical and physiological processes. Gamma class carbonic anhydrases (?-CAs) are widespread in prokaryotes but their physiological roles remain elusive. At present, only ?-CA of Methanosarcina ...
We propose a nanotechnology based on functionalized fullerenes and investigate ... The group I ribozyme of Tetrahymena thermophila normally mediates a ...
The present invention relates to nucleic acid enzymes or enzymatic RNA molecules that are capable of
NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)
Research article The bifunctional dihydrofolate reductase thymidylate synthase of Tetrahymena thermophila provides a tool for molecular and biotechnology applications
