... Abstract : The activity changes of RNA polymerase, choline acetyl transferase, acetylcholinesterase and monoamine oxidase in five brain areas ...

... repressive chromatin structures through its intrinsic or associated histone acetyl transferase activity [27, 28]. The regulation of ... the cystine-rich C/H2 domain within the histone acetyl transferase a...

The effects of chronic 30-day electric field exposure on pineal serotonin N-acetyl transferase (EC 2.1.15) activity as well as melatonin and 5-methoxy tryptophol (5-MTOL) concentrations in rats, were assessed.

The hMOF protein is a chromatin-modifying factor. Chromatin structure plays a critical role in gene expression. Since hMOF has a chromodomain region as well as acetyl transferase activity, its inactivation can influence modification of chromatin during DN...

The hMOF protein is a chromatin-modifying factor. Chromatin structure plays a critical role in gene expression. Since hMOF has a chromodomain region as well as acetyl transferase activity its inactivation can influence modification of chromatin during DNA...

The biochemical basis underlying the genetic polymorphism of drug N-acetylation was investigated using a combination of in vivo and in vitro assays for arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity and content in human liver. The acetylator phenotype of 26 surgical patients was determined using caffeine as an innocuous probe drug by ...

... Acetyl Transferase regulate PGC-1α acetylation and its effects on glucose ... for the basic pathways of energy homeostasis, diabetes and metabolic ...

... POLYMERIZATION, PROTEINS, MUTATIONS, GENES, RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS, ACETYLATION, HISTONES, TRANSFERASES, TRANSCRIPTION ...

... Keywords: Acetylation; Pro- opiomelanocortin; Dopamine. Descriptors : *BRAIN, *PEPTIDES, *ENZYME INHIBITORS, *TRANSFERASES ...

The p53 tumor suppressor is a sequence-specific transcription factor that undergoes an abundance of post-translational modifications for its regulation and activation. Acetylation of p53 is an important reversible enzymatic process that occurs in response to DNA damage and genotoxic stress and is indispensible for p53 transcriptional ...

The chromatin remodelling complex B-WICH, which comprises the William syndrome transcription factor (WSTF), SNF2h, and nuclear myosin 1 (NM1), is involved in regulating rDNA transcription, and SiRNA silencing of WSTF leads to a reduced level of 45S pre-rRNA. The mechanism behind the action of B-WICH is unclear. Here, we show that the B-WICH complex affects the chromatin structure and that ...

The chromatin remodelling complex B-WICH, which comprises the William syndrome transcription factor (WSTF), SNF2h, and nuclear myosin 1 (NM1), is involved in regulating rDNA transcription, and SiRNA silencing of WSTF leads to a reduced level of 45S pre-rRNA. The mechanism behind the action of B-WICH is unclear. Here, we show that the B-WICH complex affects the chromatin structure and that ...

Elongator is an evolutionary highly conserved complex. At least two of its cellular functions rely on the intrinsic lysine acetyl-transferase activity of the Elongator complex. Its two known substrates�Histone H3 and ?-Tubulin�reflect the different roles of Elongator in the cytosol and the nucleus. A picture seems to emerge in which nuclear Elongator ...

N-acetyl serotonin methyl transferase (ASMT) is the last enzyme in the melatonin synthesis pathway. Evidence linking autism-related disorders with disorders of melatonin metabolism, and, more specifically, with mutations of the gene encoding ASMT, prompted us to investigate the properties and localization of this enzyme. As a first step, we undertook to ...

As a component of studies to search for effects of 60-Hz electric field exposure on mammalian endocrine function, concentrations of melatonin, 5-methoxytryptophol, and serotonin-N-acetyl transferase activity were measured in the pineal glands of rats exposed or sham-exposed at 65 kV/m for 30 days.In two replicate experiments there were ...

Post-translational acetylation is an important molecular regulatory mechanism affecting the biological activity of proteins. Polypeptide GalNAc transferases (ppGalNAc-Ts) are a family of enzymes that catalyze initiation of mucin-type O-glycosylation. All ppGalNAc-Ts in mammals are type II transmembrane proteins having a Golgi lumenal ...

... of acetylcarnitine from acetyl coenzyme A (CoA ... ACIDS, OXIDATION), (*MUSCLES, ENZYMES), TRANSFERASES, COENZYMES, DIPTERA, FLIGHT ...

The activities of choline acetyl transferase (E.C.2.3.1.6.), acetylcholinesterase (E.C.3.1.1.7.) and monoamine oxidase (E.C.1.4.3.4.) were determined in the hippocampus, thalamus, hypothalamus, cerebral cortex and basal ganglia of groups of rats sacrifice...

Sprague-Dawley adult male rats were exposed to incapacitating doses (20,000 rads) of mixed gamma-neutron radiation in a single pulse from the AFRRI-TRIGA reactor. The activities of the enzymes choline acetyl transferase, acetylcholinesterase, monoamine ox...

Expression of herpes simplex virus genes at the initiation of replication involves two steps that take place at ND10 nuclear bodies. These are suppression of cellular repressors that attempt to silence viral DNA and remodeling of the viral chromatin to make it accessible for transcription. In earlier studies we reported on the mechanism by which viral proteins ICP0 and U(S)3 protein kinase modify ...

Structural and biochemical analyses reveal how ornithine acetyl-transferases catalyse the reversible transfer of an acetyl-group from a basic (ornithine) to an acidic (glutamate) amino acid by employing a common mechanism involving an acetyl-enzyme intermediate but using different side chain binding modes. PMID:21796301

The amino acid sequence of thymosin beta 4, a polypeptide isolated from calf thymus, was determined. Thymosin beta 4 is composed of 43 amino acid residues and has a molecular weight of 4982 and an isoelectric point of 5.1. The NH2 terminus of the peptide is blocked by an acetyl group. This molecule induces expression of terminal deoxynucleotidyl ...

The purpose of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that acetylation of PGC-1alpha by the Acetyl Transferase GCN5 associated proteins, Pc3 and WDR18, is a key regulatory modification that controls hepatic glucose production. This investigation has a de...

Deletion of genes for proteins involved in histone H4 acetylation produces sensitivity to DNA-damaging agents in both Saccharomyces cerevisiae and mammalian cells. In the present studies, we show that treating wild-type yeast cells with histone acetyl transferase (HAT) inhibitors, which are chemicals that cause a global decrease in ...

The effects of chronic 30-day electric field exposure on pineal serotonin N-acetyl transferase (EC 2.1.15) activity as well as melatonin and 5-methoxy tryptophol (5-MTOL) concentrations in rats, were assessed. (ERA citation 08:010794)

Rtt109 is a protein acetyltransferase (PAT) that is responsible for the acetylation of lysine-56 of histone 3 (H3K56) in yeast. H3K56 acetylation has been implicated in the weakening of the interaction between the histone core and the surrounding DNA in the nucleosomal particle. Rtt109, in cooperation with various histone chaperones, promotes genomic ...

The distinct biochemical function of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein Calreticulin (CR) catalyzing the transfer of acyl group from acyloxycoumarin to a receptor protein was termed calreticulin transacylase (CRTAase). The present study, unlike the previous reports of others utilizing CR-deficient cells alone, dealt with the recombinant CR domains of Heamonchus contortus (rhCRTAase) in order to ...

N-Substituted aromatic compounds can be metabolized in most species to N-acetylated derivatives that are themselves subject to further enzymatic transformations, including hydrolysis and N,O-acyltransfer. These proceses can either potentiate or ameliorate the biological responses to these N-substituted derivatives. Decreasing the levels of metabolites, such as ...

Apr 21, 2011 ... The activity of glutathione-S-transferases was assayed in duplicate ... The specific activity of microsomal glutathione-S-transferase in the ...

Flocculosin is an antifungal glycolipid produced by the biocontrol fungus Pseudozyma flocculosa. It consists of cellobiose, O-glycosidically linked to 3,15,16-trihydroxypalmitic acid. The sugar moiety is acylated with 2-hydroxy-octanoic acid and acetylated at two positions. Here we describe a gene cluster comprising 11 genes that are necessary for the biosynthesis of ...

Eight novel 1-(substituted acetyl)-4-(10-bromo-8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo[5,6] cyclohepta [1,2-b] pyridine-11-ylidene)piperidines were designed by incorporating zinc binding groups to enhance activity. The designed molecules were synthesized and were evaluated for antitumor activity in vitro in five cell lines and for farnesyl ...

Eight novel 1-(substituted acetyl)-4-(10-bromo-8-chloro-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo[5,6] cyclohepta [1,2-b] pyridine-11-ylidene)piperidines were designed by incorporating zinc binding groups to enhance activity. The designed molecules were synthesized and were evaluated for antitumor activity in vitro in five cell lines and for farnesyl ...

The products of the rhizobial nodulation genes are involved in the biosynthesis of lipochitin oligosaccharides (LCOs), which are host-specific signal molecules required for nodule formation. The presence of an O-acetyl group on C-6 of the nonreducing N-acetylglucosamine residue of LCOs is due to the enzymatic activity of NodL. Here we show that transfer of ...

The products of the rhizobial nodulation genes are involved in the biosynthesis of lipochitin oligosaccharides (LCOs), which are host-specific signal molecules required for nodule formation. The presence of an O-acetyl group on C-6 of the nonreducing N-acetylglucosamine residue of LCOs is due to the enzymatic activity of NodL. Here we show that transfer of ...

The Han:SRPD-cy rat is a well-recognized model of human autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease. The disease is characterized by the development of progressive renal cysts, leading to declining renal function. Disease progression typically is monitored by measurement of plasma urea concentration. Although plasma urea may be an adequate measure of overall renal function, urinary biomarkers ...

... I .1--uei:=.. photolabeled fragments of carnitine acetyl- U transferase Dj "1-- _--i!. and several sirkgle samples from a L variety of itvestigators. k~~ T ...

... The other samples have been snake toxins, immunoglobulin fragments, photolabeled fragments of carnitine acetyl-transferase, and several single ...

... TITLE: Regulation of P53 Activity by Reversible-Acetylation in Prostate Tumor Suppression ... Regulation of P53 Activity by Reversible-Acetylation in ...

The nuclear receptor TR4 is a key regulator for many physiological processes, including growth, development, and metabolism. However, how the transcriptional activity of TR4 is regulated in the absence of ligand(s) remains largely unknown. Here we found that an androgen receptor (AR) coactivator, ARA55, might function as a corepressor to suppress TR4 transactivation. Molecular ...

Changes in expression levels of genes encoding for proteins that control metabolic pathways are essential to maintain nutrient and energy homeostasis in individual cells as well as in organisms. An important regulated step in this process is accomplished through covalent chemical modifications of proteins that form complexes with the chromatin of gene promoters. The peroxisome proliferators gamma ...

T7 RNA polymerase promoters consist of a highly conserved 23 base-pair sequence that spans the site of the initiation of transcription (+1) and extends from -17 to +6. To determine the bases within the T7 consensus promoter that are essential for promoter function a library of mutant T7 promoters was constructed, and the in vivo activity of the mutant promoters was correlated ...

Primary aromatic amines have been identified epidemiologically as human carcinogens. It has been suggested that the target organ affected by aromatic amines is dependent on the rate of metabolic activation. Epidemiological studies have shown an association between low acetyl transferase activity and bladder cancer ...

Mechanistic details of mammalian metabolism in vivo and dynamic metabolic changes in intact organisms are difficult to monitor because of the lack of spatial, chemical, or temporal resolution when applying traditional analytical tools. These limitations can be addressed by sensitivity enhancement technology for fast in vivo NMR assays of enzymatic fluxes in tissues of interest. We apply this ...

Previous model-based analysis of the metabolic network of Geobacter sulfurreducens suggested the existence of several redundant pathways. Here, we identified eight sets of redundant pathways that included redundancy for the assimilation of acetate, and for the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl-CoA. These equivalent pathways and two other sub-optimal pathways were studied ...

Rats exposed for 3 weeks to uniform 60-Hz electric fields of 39 kV/m (effective field strength) failed to show normal pineal gland circadian rhythms in serotonin N-acetyl transferase activity and melatonin concentrations. The time required for recovery of the melatonin rhythm after cessation of field exposure was determined to be less ...

The c-myc proto-oncogene is induced by mitogens and is a central regulator of cell growth and differentiation. The c-myc product, Myc, is a transcription factor that binds a multitude of genomic sites, estimated to be over 10�15% of all promoter regions. Target promoters generally pre-exist in an active or poised chromatin state that is further modified by Myc, contributing ...

Waldenstr�m macroglobulinemia (WM) cells present with increased expression of microRNA-206 (miRNA-206) and reduced expression of miRNA-9*. Predicted miRNA-206� and -9*�targeted genes include histone deacetylases (HDACs) and histone acetyl transferases (HATs), indicating that these miRNAs may play a role in regulating histone ...

The activities of several enzymes of the citric acid and poly-?-hydroxybutyrate cycles were measured in Rhizobium japonicum 3I1B-143 bacteroids which had been isolated from soybean nodules by sucrose gradient centrifugation. During the period of developing nitrogenase activity, the specific activity of fumarase, hydroxybutyrate ...

The yeast alcohol acetyl transferase I, Atf1p, is responsible for the major part of volatile acetate ester production in fermenting Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. Some of these esters, such as ethyl acetate and isoamyl acetate, are important for the fruity flavours of wine, beer and other fermented beverages. In order to reveal the subcellular ...

Genotypes responsible for interindividual differences in ability to activate or detoxify genotoxic agents are recognized as biomarkers of susceptibility. Among the most studied genotypes are human glutathione transferases. The relationship of genetic susceptibility to biomarkers of exposure and effects was studied especially in relation to the genetic ...

All DNA-related processes rely on the degree of chromatin compaction. The highest level of chromatin condensation accompanies transition to mitosis, central for cell cycle progression. Covalent modifications of histones, mainly deacetylation, have been implicated in this transition, which also involves transcriptional repression. Here, we show that the Gcn5-containing histone ...

All DNA-related processes rely on the degree of chromatin compaction. The highest level of chromatin condensation accompanies transition to mitosis, central for cell cycle progression. Covalent modifications of histones, mainly deacetylation, have been implicated in this transition, which also involves transcriptional repression. Here, we show that the Gcn5-containing histone ...

1. N-acetyl transferase activity in liver homogenate of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was studied. Enzyme activity depends on the concentration of cofactor, has a broad pH and temperature optimum, is not linear with protein concentration within the whole range tested, and does not decrease upon storage at -70 ...

Heterologous expression of NodZ and NolL proteins in Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. viciae led to the production of acetyl fucosylated lipo-chitin oligosaccharides (LCOs), indicating that the NolL protein obtained from Mesorhizobium loti functions as an acetyl transferase. We show that the NolL-dependent acetylation ...

The current study demonstrates vanadium plays the role of antitumor, and its antitumor effect is dosage-dependent. N-acetyl-galactosamine-transferase 2 (polypeptide: N-acetyl-?-galactosaminyl-transferases 2, ppGalNAc-T2) is a member of ppGalNAcTs (polypeptide: N-acetyl-?-galactosaminyl-transferases) family, which proves to play a vital ...

ACETYL ACETONE PEROXIDE (OVER 9%. ACTIVE OXYGEN). ACETYL BENZOYL PEROXIDE, SOLID , OR. OVER 403 IN SOLUTION. ACETYL BENZOYL PEROXIDE SOLUTION. (OVER 40%) ...

Allen, S. H. G. (Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio), R. W. Kellermeyer, R. L. Stjernholm, and Harland G. Wood. Purification and properties of enzymes involved in the propionic acid fermentation. J. Bacteriol. 87:171�187. 1964.�Chromatographic procedures are described for the separation and purification of phosphotransacetylase, acetyl kinase, malic dehydrogenase ...

An RNA aptamer obtained by in vitro evolution can be used as an artificial molecular switch to regulate RNA function by additing a specific ligand. To construct novel translational control system in the cell, we created an "allosteric ribosome" consisted of 16S ribosomal (r) RNA that bears theophylline apatmer. The activity of the allosteric ribosome was monitored by enzymatic ...

Glucose metabolism and the mechanisms of NADH oxidation by Treponema hyodysenteriae were studied. Under an N2 atmosphere, washed cell suspensions of the spirochete consumed glucose and produced acetate, butyrate, H2, and CO2. Approximately twice as much H2 as CO2 was produced. Determinations of radioactivity in products of [14C]glucose and [14C]pyruvate metabolism and analyses of enzyme ...

SummaryIn Mycobacterium tuberculosis a rhamnosyl transferase (WbbL) catalyzes the transfer of an ?-L-Rhap residue from dTDP-Rha to decaprenyldiphosphoryl-?-D-N-acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc-P-P-DP) to form ?-L-Rhap-(1?3)-?-D-GlcNAc-P-P-DP, which is then further elongated with Galf and Araf units and finally mycolylated and attached to the peptidoglycan. This ...

Magnaporthe grisea, the causal agent of rice blast disease, invades plant tissue due to the action of specialized infection structures called appressoria, which are used to breach the leaf cuticle and allow development of intracellular, infectious hyphae. In this report we demonstrate that peroxisomal carnitine acetyl transferase (CAT) ...

Clostridium aminobutyricum ferments 4-aminobutyrate (?-aminobutyrate, GABA) to ammonia, acetate and butyrate via 4-hydroxybutyrate that is activated to the CoA-thioester catalyzed by 4-hydroxybutyrate CoA-transferase. Then, 4-hydroxybutyryl-CoA is dehydrated to crotonyl-CoA, which disproportionates to butyryl-CoA and acetyl-CoA. ...

From the temperature dependence of the exchange rate of the methyl protons between acetyl fluoride and acetyl hexafluoroarsenate an Arrhenius activation energy of 11.0 kcal/mol and a preexponential factor of 10 to the 8.9 power were obtained. From the con...

BackgroundTwo sequential enzymes in the production of sialic acids, N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 2-epimerase (GlcNAc 2-epimerase) and N-acetyl-D-neuraminic acid aldolase (Neu5Ac aldolase), were overexpressed as double-tagged gene fusions. Both were tagged with glutathione S-transferase (GST) at the N-terminus, but at the C-terminus, one was ...

The present finding that mice metabolize a greater proportion of an oral dose (50 mg/kg) of vinylidence chloride. (1,1 - dichloroethylene, DCE) than rats implies (a) that the efficiency of DCE metabolism follows the known activity of cytochrome P-450 in the organs of these animals, and (b) that, in accordance with the LD₅₀ values, the real exposure ...

ATP citrate lyase (ACL) is a cytosolic enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of acetyl-CoA and oxaloacetate using citrate, CoA, and ATP as substrates and Mg²⁺ as a necessary cofactor. The ACL-dependent synthesis of acetyl-CoA is thought to be an essential step for the de novo synthesis of fatty acids and cholesterol. For this reason, ...

Structural modification of the frontline antitubercular isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) provides lipophilic adaptations (3-46) of the drug in which the hydrazine moiety of the parent compound has been chemically blocked from the deactivating process of N²-acetylation by N-arylaminoacetyl transferases. As a class, these compounds ...

A marine cyanobacterial promoter was cloned to allow efficient foreign gene expression. This was carried out using chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) as a marker protein. For rapid and simple measurement of CAT activity, a method based on a fluorescently labeled substrate was improved by utilizing HPLC equipped with a ...

Cellular activation, proliferation and survival in chronic inflammatory diseases is regulated not only by engagement of signal trans-duction pathways that modulate transcription factors required for these processes, but also by epigenetic regulation of transcription factor access to gene promoter regions. Histone acetyl trans-ferases ...

... being used. Descriptors : *CANCER, *MAMMARY GLANDS, TYROSINE, PHOSPHORUS TRANSFERASES. Subject Categories ...