Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) prophylaxis suppresses major adverse cardiovascular events, but its rapid turnover limits inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase activity and thrombosis. Despite its importance, the identity of the enzyme(s) that hydrolyzes the acetyl residue of circulating aspirin, which must be an existing enzyme, remains unknown. We find circulating aspirin was ...
PubMed
Metagenomics is an emerging field for mining the bioresources for new biomolecules for potential application in biotechnology and biomedicine. In the present study, a novel acetylhydrolase (Est13) was detected during the function-based screening of a metagenomic library established from the DNA extracted from the cellulose-depleting microbial community set up with an earthworm ...
The monoclonal antibody AE-2 raised against the human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) dimer (acetylcholine acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7), binds to other mammalian AChEs, including the tetramer that occurs in fetal bovine serum (FBS). AE2 partially ...
National Technical Information Service (NTIS)
Serine hydrolases are a diverse enzyme class representing ?1% of all human proteins. The biological functions of most serine hydrolases remain poorly characterized owing to a lack of selective inhibitors to probe their activity in living systems. Here we show that a substantial number of serine hydrolases can be irreversibly inactivated by 1,2,3-triazole ureas, which show ...
The mechanisms of ozone (O3) toxicity in the lung may involve the formation of lipid inflammatory mediators. We have previously demonstrated that exposure to O3 in vitro results in increased accumulation and release of platelet activating factor (PAF) in the macrophage-like cell line HL60 differentiated with phorbol ester (dHL60). In the present study we have examined possible biochemical ...
Energy Citations Database
Phospholipids containing sn-2 polyunsaturated fatty acyl residues are primary targets of oxidizing radicals, producing proapoptotic and membrane perturbing fragmented phospholipids. The only known phospholipases that specifically select these oxidized and/or short-chained phospholipids as substrates are mammalian group VII phospholipases A2s that were purified and cloned as ...
Phospholipids containing sn-2 polyunsaturated fatty acyl residues are primary targets of oxidizing radicals, producing pro-apoptotic and membrane perturbing fragmented phospholipids. The only known phospholipases that specifically select these oxidized and/or short-chained phospholipids as substrates are mammalian group VII phospholipases A2s that were ...
PubMed Central
This report describes the partial characterization of the enzymatic activity responsible for the hydrolysis of acetate from 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycerol, the immediate precursor in the de novo synthesis of PAF (platelet-activating factor or 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine) by Ehrlich ascites cells. The highest acetylhydrolase activity for this neutral lipid was ...
... Abstract : The acute toxicity of organophosphorus agents (OP) is ... platelet- activating factor acetylhydrolase alpha 2, and acylpeptide hydrolase. ...
DTIC Science & Technology
The monoclonal antibody AE-2 raised against the human erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase (AChE) dimer (acetylcholine acetylhydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7), binds to other mammalian AChEs, including the tetramer that occurs in fetal bovine serum (FBS). AE2 partially inhibited the rate of hydrolysis of the charged substrate acetylthiocholine by FBS AChE, whereas it ...
To investigate the association of plasma platelet-activating factor (PAF) acetylhydrolase, high-density lipoprotein-associated PAF acetylhydrolase, and low-density lipoprotein-associated PAF acetylhydrolase activities with metabolic features in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Han Chinese women, 141 patients with PCOS ...
... only minimally inhibiting T cell activation. ... MODELS, HUMORAL IMMUNITY, T LYMPHOCYTES, INHIBITION, DEATH, CELLS(BIOLOGY ...
... Accession Number : ADA544999. Title : Oncogenicity and Selective Inhibition of ERG Splicing Variants in Prostate Cancer. ...
The distribution of lysophosphatidylcholine, lyso-platelet-activating factor and platelet-activating factor (PAF) was studied in human plasma and in follicular and peritoneal fluid. In plasma, peritoneal and follicular fluids, 51%, 87% and 89%, respectively, of the total lipids were found in the protein fraction (the density > 1.21 fraction). Two forms of lysophospholipids were identified in ...
Type II platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase [PAF-AH (II)] is an N-myristoylated enzyme that contains a lipase/esterase catalytic motif and selectively hydrolyzes the sn-2 acetyl ester of PAF and other short-chain acyl groups attached to phosphoglycerides. However, the physiological role of this enzyme remains to be elucidated. PAF-AH (II) is ...
... erythrocyte dimer acetylcholinesterase (AChE; acetylcholine acetyl-hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.7), but bound to other mammalian AChEs, including the ...
We report that platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAFAH) Ib, comprised of two phospholipase A2 (PLA2) subunits, ?1 and ?2, and a third subunit, the dynein regulator lissencephaly 1 (LIS1), mediates the structure and function of the Golgi complex. Both ?1 and ?2 partially localize on Golgi membranes, and purified ...
Nuclear migration is regulated by the LIS1 protein, which is the regulatory subunit of platelet activating factor (PAF) acetyl-hydrolase, an enzyme complex that inactivates the lipid mediator PAF. Among other functions, PAF modulates cell proliferation, but its effects upon mechanisms of the cell cycle are unknown. Here we show that PAF inhibited ...
We have previously established that PAF-dependent transacetylase (TA) purified to apparent homogeneity from rat kidney membranes and cytosol contains three separate catalytic activities, namely PAF lysophospholipid transacetylase (TAL), PAF sphingosine transacetylase (TAS), and PAF acetylhydrolase (AH). In the present investigation, we studied the biochemical factors and ...
... the claim �Through selective, potent, and strong ADA inhibition, Nipent retards DNA repair mechanisms and induces apoptosis while inhibiting TNF ...
Center for Drug Evaluation (CDER)
... LIGANDS, MEMBRANES, VALUE, BINDERS, INHIBITION, LINKAGES, CELLS(BIOLOGY), DISSOLVING, ION SELECTIVE ELECTRODES, TILES. ...
... Title : Selective Inhibition of T Cell Tolerance as a Means of Enhancing Tumor ... While immunity to neu can be demonstrated in the neu-transgenic ...
... to fenbuconazole, and triphenyltin hydroxide was assessed through inhibition evaluations on solid media, and germination and mycelial ... Solid Media. Selection for resistance was assessed through inhibit...
NBII National Biological Information Infrastructure
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is one of several hundred serine hydrolases in people potentially exposed to about 80 organophosphorus (OP) compounds important as insecticides or chemical warfare agents. The toxicology of OPs was interpreted until recently almost solely on the basis of AChE inhibition. It is assumed that each serine hydrolase has a specific function and proposed ...
Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is a major component in the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and plays a role in the changes of vascular reactivity observed in this disease. Herein the authors investigate the potential involvement of platelet-activating factor (PAF)-like phospholipid components of oxidized LDL in rabbit aorta reactivity. Aortic rings were precontracted with noradrenaline ...
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Sepsis is characterized as a systemic inflammatory response that results from the inability of the immune system to limit bacterial spread during an ongoing infection. In this condition the significant mediator of inflammation Platelet Activating Factor (PAF) and the coagulant factor thrombin are implicated. In animal models, treatment with PAF-antagonists or ...
... Descriptors : *GROWTH(PHYSIOLOGY), *YERSINIA PESTIS, *PASTEURELLA, PURIFICATION, INHIBITION, PH FACTOR. ...
