The rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a worldwide-distributed zoonotic nematode that can cause human eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. Here, for the first time, we report the isolation of A. cantonensis from Achatina fulica from two Brazilian states: Rio de Janeiro (specifically the municipalities of Barra do Pira�, situated at the Paraiba ...

USDA.gov NAL NISIC National Invasive Species Information Center banner Species Profiles Giant African Snail Achatina fulica Bookmark and Share Giant African Snail Albino shell -...

... destructive nonindigenous snails, the giant African snail, Achatina fulica (100% predation), and the predatory snail Euglandina rosea ( ... areas (Cowie 1997). The giant African snail, Achatina fulica Bowd...

(lettuce, cabbage). They also ate giant African snails (Achatina fulica), which had been given to them live African snail (Achatina fulica) . Food was supplied in weighed amounts in excess of the amount which

that a valid strategy can be planned. For example, eradication of the giant African snail (Achatina fulica rosea), intro- duced in a failed attempt to control the giant African snail, Achatina fulica (Cowie 2002 Programme. Mead AR. 1979. Ecological malacology: with particular reference to ...

-glycans in African giant snail (Achatina fulica) Youmie Park & Zhenqing Zhang & Tatiana N. Laremore & Boyangzi Li + Business Media, LLC 2008 Abstract Acharan sulfate content from African giant snail (Achatina fulicaNAc2�10) types. None showed core fucosylation. Keywords Achatina ...

, 2000) and Achatina fulica (Chase and Tolloczko, 1993) to approximately 50,000 in Limax maximus and Tolloc- zko (1989), working with Achatina fulica, reported that a group of about 25 cells on the ventral acetate Aversive Achatina fulica b Power spectrum change -- Several ...

of the olfactory pathway in Achatina fulica has been reviewed by Chase and Tolloczko (1993). Briefly, olfactory lobe has been estimated to be 20,000 in Achatina fulica (Chase, 1986) and 100,000 in Limax maximus analogues). Chase and Tolloczko (1989) observed symmetri- cal synapses in the procerebrum of ...

within a mixed-forest association. By comparison, the introduced giant African snail Achatina fulica porphyrostomus (middle), and the introduced snail Achatina fulica (top). Placostylus fibratus reaches maturity are often more abundant than similarly damaged shells of the invasive giant African snail ...

. (2000) and Lockyer 1 60 Achatina fulica DVAVVGAGPSGTYSAYKLRNKGQTVELFEYSNRIGGRLFTTHLPNVPDLNLESGGMRYFK L, AAR14186, AAR14187, CAC19361, CAC19362), Aplysia californica (AAN78211), Achatina fulica (P35903 immune defence genes were also isolated, including an orthologue of achacin from Achatina ...

Achatina (Lissachatina) fulica was introduced in Brazil in the 1980s for commercial purposes ("escargot" farming) and nowadays, mainly by human activity, it is widespread in at least 23 out of 26 Brazilian states and Bras�lia, including the Amazonian region and natural reserves, where besides a general nuisance for people it is a pest and also a public ...

glycosaminoglycan, acharan sulfate (AS) from the African giant snail Achatina fulica showed anticoagulant activity) isolated from the giant African snail, Achatina fulica. This polysaccharide has a re- peating disaccharide. Materials and methods Materials AS was isolated from the giant African snail, A. ...

survey targets described in Part I, or Core, category): Scientific Name: Common Name: Achatina fulica, Achatina fulica (Bowditch), is a vector of Angiostrongylus cantonensis (Nematoda) causing eosinophilic with the spread of A. fulica. Achatinids carry other diseases that affect humans and ...

... Abstract : Achatin-I was isolated from the suboesophageal and cerebral ganglia of the African giant snail(Achatina fulica Ferussac), and evoked a ...

The currently known distribution range of Achatina fulica Bowdich, 1822, in the state of S�o Paulo, Brazil, is presented. The record of A. fulica naturally infested with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus larvae (Railliet, 1898) (Nematoda: Metastrongylidae) can be found in the city of Guaratinguet�. It was found A. ...

for the mature oviduct of Sepia officinalis [2]. In the giant snail Achatina fulica, APGWa acts as an inhibitory-amide as an inhibitory neurotransmitter of Achatina fulica Ferussac. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1991;177(1):27�33. [9

The explosive introduction of the snail Achatina fulica in Brazil illustrates the current concern with global changes favouring dissemination of infectious diseases. The mollusc is an important host for Angiostrongylus cantonensis, which occurs in Asia and the Pacific Islands and is a causative agent for eosinophilic meningoencephalitis. In the Americas ...

With the objective of isolate Cryptosporidium spp. in Achatina fulica s feces, 50 mollusks were collected in nine neighborhoods of the municipal of Campos dos Goytacazes, RJ to the observation of oocysts in feces. The snails were put in individuals containers and fed with water and green vegetables ad libitum until be collected a gram of feces per animal. ...

Random invasive species images that represents what NISIC does USDA.gov NAL NISIC Sudden oak death Formosan subterranean termite Yellow star thistle Giant African snail Cactus...

... of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), 348.99 km2 of tea (Camellia sinensis) and 78.51 km2 of cassava (Manihot spp.) plantations, which represent the 40%, 95%, and 97% of national production respectively (Nationa...

... cantonensis (Chen 1935) and a gram-negative bacterium, Aeromonas hydrophila, which causes a wide range of symptoms ( ... A. R. Mead, and W. T. Northey. 1970. Aeromonas liquefaciens in the giant African sna...

Heavy metal stress results in the production of O(2)(.-), H(2)O(2) and (.)OH, which affect various cellular processes, mostly the functioning of membrane systems. Cells are normally protected against free oxyradicals by the operation of intricate antioxidant systems. The aim of the present work is to examine the effect of CdCl(2) and ZnSO(4) on antioxidative enzyme activity in the gastropod, ...

A new method of making preparations was used to analyse the neuroeffector connections of the paired giant neurons of the African snail Achatina fulica. These neurons were found to induce postsynaptic potentials in the muscles of the mantle, heart, the wall of the pulmonary cavity, and the muscular elements of the renal complex, the pericardium, the sexual ...

By immunohistochemical and immunocytochemical methods localization of Substanse P (SP) and FMRFamide in the atrium of the snail Achatina fulica was investigated. Nerve fibers innervating the snail atrium contact tightly with the granular cells (GC) situated between muscle and endocardial cells, forming neuroendocrine units. Both neuromediators were found ...

The nuclear distribution of pre-mRNA splicing factors (snRNPs and SR-protein SC35) and unphosphorylated from of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) was studied using fluorescent and immunoelectron cytochemistry in diplotene oocytes of the gastropod Achatina fulica. Association of Pol II and splicing factors with oocyte nuclear structures was analysed. The ...

The goal of this study was to document the distribution and establishment A. fulica such as their feeding preference and behavior in situ. The study was carried out at the city of Lauro de Freitas, Bahia state, Brazil, between November 2001 and November 2002. We used catch per unit effort methods to determine abundance, distribution, habitat choice and food preferences. The ...

.TTACAGCTCTTTTAGAATTTGTCTAGCA.GGTTT.TCT.GAC..TTCG..GTC..GGA.AA.ACCCCT. Rattus .....AAGTG.TTACAGCTCTTTTAGAATTTGTCTAGTA.GGTTT.TCT.GAC..TTCG..GTC..GGA.AA.ACCCCT. Spermophilus homolog in fugu, the candidates reported for Caenorhabditis elegans, and Girardia tigrina raise serious elegans sequence, although ostensibly well conserved in com- parison with the deuterostome sequences, has

of the gastropods Limax maximus, Cepaea hortensis, Planor- barius corneus, Arianta arbustorum and Achatina fulica, G., Rudolf, J., Staudacher, E.: Neutral N-glycan patterns of the gastropods Limax maximus, Cepaea

The atrium of the gastropod mollusc Achatina fulica receives rich innervation and contains numerous granular cells (GCs). We studied the atrial innervation and discovered that axon profiles typical in appearance of peptidergic neurons form close unspecialized membrane contacts with GCs. Then, we investigated, at both morphological and biochemical levels, ...

The length-weight relationship and condition factor have been broadly investigated in snails to obtain the index of physical condition of populations and evaluate habitat quality. Herein, our goal was to describe the best predictors that explain Achatina fulica biometrical parameters and well being in a recently introduced population. From November 2001 to ...

Introduction of Achatina fulica in Brazil has led to serious concerns about its role as vector for metaIylid worms: AngioIylus costaricensis and A. cantonensis. Experimental infection with both parasites was performed to evaluate the potential risk for their transmission by the giant African snail. Groups of 5 animals, both wild and bred at captivity were ...

The breeding of larvae of Aedes aegypti, Aedes simpsoni, and Eretmapodites quinquevittatus in empty shells of Achatina fulica was studied in the coastal zone of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The average density of shells was estimated to be 228 per ha. From 11 to 35% were positive for mosquito larvae. A. aegypti were found in 82-84% of positive shells; A. ...

The human cases of eosinophilic meningitis recently reported from Brazil have focused the attention of the public health agencies on the role the introduced snail Achatina fulica plays as hosts of the metastrongylid nematodes. Determining the potential of this snail to host and develop infective larval stages of metastrongylids in the wild and identify the ...

Localization and peculiarities of NO-ergic elements were studied for he first time throughout the entire length of digestive tract of the marine gastropod mollusc Achatina fulica (Prosobranchia) and the terrestrial molusc Littorina littorea (Pulmonata) by using histochemical method of detection of NADPH-diaphorase (NADPHd). NO-ergic cells and fibers were ...

GABA, three of its derivatives (l-GABOB, d-GABOB and delta-amino valeric acid), acetycholine (Ach), dopamine (DA) and l-Phe-Tyr all inhibit an identifiable giant neurone (the TAN, tonically autoactive neurone) of Achatina fulica. These effects were examined by microdrop application in two different conditions: in physiological solution and in the absence ...

Antagonistic effects of several drugs on the calcium current (ICa) of a giant neurone, PON (periodically oscillating neurone), of an African snail (Achatina fulica Ferussac) were compared under the voltage clamp. According to their IC50 values and the confidence limit at 95%, the order of effectiveness of the drugs was: brovincamine, verapamil greater than ...

The modulation effects of d-amphetamine and procaine on the spontaneously generated action potentials were studied on the RP1 central neuron of giant African snails (Achatina fulica Ferussac). Extra-cellular application of d-amphetamine or procaine reversibly elicited bursts of potential (BoP). Prazosin, propranolol, atropine or d-tubocurarine did not ...

Collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase-1, EC:3.4.24.7) was isolated from the hepatopancreas of Achatina fulica and characterized for its enzymatic activity and immunological properties. Procollagenase was isolated using ammonium sulphate precipitation and gel filtration, followed by purification by reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography in the ...

To understand better the host defense mechanisms of mollusks against pathogens, we examined the anti-microbial activity of mucus from the giant African snail Achatina fulica. Hemagglutination activity of the mucus secreted by the integument of snails inoculated with Escherichia coli was observed to increase and to cause hemagglutination of rabbit red blood ...

Effects of penicillin on changes in procaine-elicited bursts of potential (BoP) were studied in a central neuron (RP4) of snail, Achatina fulica Ferussac. Procaine elicited BoP in the RP4 neuron while penicillin elicited depolarization of the neuron. Penicillin decreased the BoP elicited by procaine in a concentration-dependent manner. The effect of ...

Acharan sulfate isolated from the giant African snail, Achatina fulica, has been reported to have antitumor activity in vivo. In an effort to determine the mechanisms of its antitumor activity, we examined the effects of acharan sulfate on professional antigen presenting cells (APCs). Acharan sulfate increased the phagocytic activity, the production of ...

In the present study, we characterized effects of the crude venom from Conus textile, a marine molluscivorous snail collected from the South China Sea, on neural electrophysiological activity in insect, molluscan and mammalian species. Our results demonstrate that the venom reversibly blocks the cholinergic synaptic transmission of cockroach Periplaneta americana central nervous system, partially ...

#12;Malaysian Nature Journal Melaniidae Paludomus sp. G x x Achatinidae Achatina fulica Bowdich x Myriapoda Hexapoda Blattaria Blaberidae Pycnoscelus striatus Kirby G/S x x Blattidae Periplaneta americana Linn. G striatus G/S x x Blattidae Periplaneta americana G/S x Coleoptera Carabidae G/S x (1) Curculionidae G x (1

The N-glycosylation potentials of Limax maximus, Cepaea hortensis, Planorbarius corneus, Arianta arbustorum and Achatina fulica were analysed by investigation of the N-glycan structures of the skin and viscera glycoproteins by a combination of HPLC and mass-spectrometry methods. It is one of the first steps to enlarge the knowledge on the glycosylation ...

The influence of different photophases (0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours) on the triglycerides and total cholesterol contents in the hemolymph of A. fulica was evaluated, since there is no information in the literature about the influence of this factor on lipids metabolism in mollusks. After 2 and 4 weeks of exposure the snails were dissected. The cholesterol content at the 2nd and ...

The objectives of this study are to determine whether a full complement of ornithine-urea cycle (OUC) enzymes is present in the hepatopancreas of the giant African snail Achatina fulica, and to investigate whether the rate of urea synthesis and the OUC capacity can be up-regulated during 23 days of fasting or aestivation, or 24 hr post-injection with ...

1. An African giant snail (Achatina fulica F�russac), originally from East Africa, is now found abundantly in tropical and subtropical regions of Asia, including Okinawa in Japan. This is one of the largest land snail species in the world. The Achatina central nervous system is composed of the buccal, cerebral and suboesophageal ...

Angiostrongylus cantonensis, a rat lungworm, can cause eosinophilic meningitis and angiostrongyliasis in humans following ingestion of contaminated foods or intermediate/paratenic hosts with infective larvae. The snail Achatina fulica is one of the important intermediate hosts of A.�cantonensis and is commonly eaten by humans in some countries. In the ...

Estivation is an adaptive response to environments characterized by elevated temperatures and desiccative stress, as may occur during summer dry seasons. Similar to diapause and hibernation, it is characterized by low levels of activity, a drastically suppressed metabolic rate and enhanced stress resistance. We tested the hypothesis that Achatina fulica, a ...

In this study, we confirmed that at least three endo-?-1,4-glucanases existed in the digestive juice of the giant snail, Achatina fulica ferussac, by Congo red staining assay. One of these enzymes, a novel endo-?-1,4-glucanase (AfEG22), was purified 29.5-fold by gel filtration, anion exchange, and hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The carboxymethyl ...

With the use of the histochemical procedure for the demonstration of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) activity, the distribution cholinergic regulatory elements was studied in the esophagus, the pharynx, the stomach, the liver (the digestive gland) and the intestine in sea and terrestrial gastropod molluscs that differed in their general organization level, lifestyle, habitat and feeding type. In both ...

The structures of a series of large oligosaccharides derived from acharan sulfate were characterized. Acharan sulfate is an unusual glycosaminoglycan isolated from the giant African snail, Achatina fulica. Oligosaccharides from decasaccharide to hexadecasaccharide were enzymatically prepared using heparin lyase II and purified. Capillary electrophoresis ...

How messengers modulate the shifting of spontaneously generated action potential into bursts of potentials (BoP) is studied electrophysiologically and biochemically in RP 1 and 4 neurons of the African snail, Achatina fulica Ferussac using d- and l-amphetamine (Amp) as modulator. The stereospecific effects, extracellular and intracellular ionic effects, ...

The N- and O-glycans of Arianta arbustorum, Achatina fulica, Arion lusitanicus and Planorbarius corneus were analysed for their monosaccharide pattern by reversed-phase HPLC after labelling with 2-aminobenzoic acid or 3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one and by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Glucosamine, galactosamine, mannose, galactose, glucose, ...

Proteoglycans encompass a heterogeneous group of glycoconjugates where proteins are substituted with linear, highly negatively charged glycosaminoglycan chains. Sulphated glycosaminoglycans are ubiquitous to the animal kingdom of the Eukarya domain. Information on the distribution and characterisation of proteoglycans in invertebrate tissues is limited and restricted to a few species. By the use ...

Seeking the identification of Angiostrongylus cantonensis as a potential etiological agent of three clinical cases of eosinophilic meningitis, mollusc specimens were collected in the state of Esp�rito Santo, Brazil. The snails were identified as Sarasinula marginata (45 specimens), Subulina octona (157), Achatina fulica (45) and Bradybaena similaris ...

Maintenance of crew health is of paramount importance for long duration space missions. Weight loss, bone and calcium loss, increased exposure to radiation and oxidative stress are critical concerns that need to be alleviated. Rational nutrition is a resource for mitigating the influence of unfavorable conditions. The insufficiency of vegetarian diet has been examined by the Japanese, Chinese and ...

Acharan sulfate content from African giant snail (Achatina fulica) was compared in eggs and snails of different ages. Acharan sulfate was not found in egg. Acharan sulfate disaccharide -->4)-alpha-D-GlcNpAc (1-->4)-alpha-L-IdoAp2S(1-->, analyzed by SAX (strong-anion exchange)-HPLC was observed soon after hatching and increases as the snails grow. ...

Acharan sulfate content from African giant snail (Achatina fulica) was compared in eggs and snails of different ages. Acharan sulfate was not found in egg. Acharan sulfate disaccharide ?4)-?-d-GlcNpAc (1?4)-?-l-IdoAp2S(1?, analyzed by SAX (strong-anion exchange)�HPLC was observed soon after hatching and increases as the snails grow. Monosaccharide ...

This study describes the morphology of the nematode cysts and larvae found in Achatina fulica (giant African snail) in Brazil. Sixty snails were collected in Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State. Fourteen of the snails were naturally infected. The cysts were spherical, pink colored and measured 0.97 to 1.57 mm in diameter. In the majority of cases they had a ...

We have examined an identified serotonergic neurone in Achatina fulica and described the normal morphological and physiological characteristics of this cell. Injury-induced changes in this neurone following in vivo recovery are described and compared with in vitro gastropod models of regeneration. Nickel-lysine and biocytin dye-fills of the metacerebral ...

Heat shock proteins (Hsps) are evolutionary conserved peptides well known as molecular chaperones and stress proteins. Elevated levels of extracellular Hsps in blood plasma have been observed during the stress responses and some diseases. Information on the cellular sources of extracellular Hsps and mechanisms regulating their release is still scanty. Here we showed the presence and localization ...

The cold agglutinin from the albumin gland of the snail Achatina fulica was purified to homogeneity by using sheep gastric mucin-Sepharose 4B as affinity column followed by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-300. The homogeneity was checked by alkaline gel electrophoresis, immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. The purified cold agglutinin is a glycoprotein ...

Effects of procaine on a central neuron (RP1) of the giant African snail (Achatina fulica Ferussac) were studied pharmacologically. The RP1 neuron showed spontaneous firing of action potential. Extra-cellular application of procaine (10 mM) reversibly elicited bursts of potential. The bursts of potential elicited by procaine were not blocked after ...

The hemolymph-derived achatinin(H) (lectin) from Achatina fulica showed a marked cytotoxic effect on MCF7, a human mammary carcinoma cell line. IC(50) values as measured by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay for achatinin(H) ranged from 6 to 10 microg/ml in the MCF7 cells. MCF7 cells showed significant morphological ...

A unique sialic acid-binding lectin, achatininH (ATNH) was purified in single step from the haemolymph of the snail Achatina fulica by affinity chromatography on sheep submaxillary-gland mucin coupled to Sepharose 4B. The homogeneity was checked by alkaline gel electrophoresis, immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis. Amino acid analysis showed that the ...

A seroepidemiological survey was carried out in China during 2009-2010 to determine the extent of circulating antigens (CAg) for Angiostrongylus cantonensis in the Chinese population using the gold immunochromatographic assay, with the objective of elucidating the nationwide prevalence of angiostrongyliasis in China. A total of 1,730 blood samples was collected and assayed from the general adult ...

Acharan sulfate (AS), isolated from the giant African snail Achatina fulica, is a novel glycosaminoglycan, consisting primarily of the repeating disaccharide structure alpha-D-N-acetylglucosaminyl (1 --> 4) 2-sulfoiduronic acid. AS shows anti-tumor activity in vitro and in vivo. Despite this activity, AS is only weakly cytotoxic towards cancer cells. We ...

1 Inhibitory effects of N-beta-phenylpropionyl-L-tyrosine, N-beta-phenylpropionyl-L-tryptophan and their derivatives on an identifiable giant neurone, TAN (tonically autoactive neurone) of an African giant snail (Achatina fulica F�russac) were examined in an attempt to elucidate which structural features are necessary to produce the effect. 2 Of the ...

The VD1 and RPD2 neurons of Lymnaea stagnalis innervate other central neurons, certain skin areas, the pneumostome area, and the auricle of the heart. Recently, a set of four (delta, epsilon, alpha, beta) neuropeptides produced by these giant neurons and by certain other central neurons has been characterized. Although alternative splicing of the preprohormone of these neurons yields at least 10 ...

The rat lungworm Angiostrongylus cantonensis is a zoonotic nematode with a wide distribution. We report the first provincial survey of the prevalence of A.�cantonensis infection among wild rodents and snails in Guangdong Province, China. A total of 2929 Pomacea canaliculata and 1354 Achatina fulica were collected from fields in 22 survey sites with a ...

The study was to understand the Angiostrongylus cantonensis infectious situation of rodent definitive host, snail intermediate host, and local residents in the west-central region of Guangdong Province in China. The snails Achatina fulica and Pomacea canaliculata collected from the survey place were digested with artificial gastric juice, and the ...

In this manuscript, I review the current and relevant classical studies on properties of the Mollusca heart and their central nervous system including ganglia, neurons, and nerves involved in cardiomodulation. Similar to mammalian brain hemispheres, these invertebrates possess symmetrical pairs of ganglia albeit visceral (only one) ganglion and the parietal ganglia (the right ...

Predicted available habitat for Hawaiian Coot (Fulica alai) derived from State waterbird survey data...

Hawaiian coot (Fulica americana alai) Kingdom: Animalia Class: Aves Order: Gruiformes F...