Anchors weigh more than power: why absolute powerlessness liberates negotiators to achieve better outcomes.

PubMed

Schaerer, Michael; Swaab, Roderick I; Galinsky, Adam D

2015-02-01

The current research shows that having no power can be better than having a little power. Negotiators prefer having some power (weak negotiation alternatives) to having no power (no alternatives). We challenge this belief that having any alternative is beneficial by demonstrating that weak alternatives create low anchors that reduce the value of first offers. In contrast, having no alternatives is liberating because there is no anchor to weigh down first offers. In our experiments, negotiators with no alternatives felt less powerful but made higher first offers and secured superior outcomes compared with negotiators who had weak alternatives. We established the role of anchoring through mediation by first offers and through moderation by showing that weak alternatives no longer led to worse outcomes when negotiators focused on a countervailing anchor or when negotiators faced an opponent with a strong alternative. These results demonstrate that anchors can have larger effects than feelings of power. Absolute powerlessness can be psychologically liberating. © The Author(s) 2014.

Developmental Liberalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curren, Randall

2006-01-01

In this essay, Randall Curren identifies a type of liberalism that incorporates empirical claims about the development of agency and rationality, and responds to the criticism that liberalism rests on an incoherent conception of "autonomous agency." He argues that moral agents did indeed "become ghosts" somewhere en route from Aristotle to Kant,…

The Landscape of the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roche, Mark W.

2013-01-01

This chapter provides a rationale for the value of a liberal arts education, addressing briefly the recent history of the liberal arts, explaining the value of the liberal arts in diverse educational settings as opposed to simply residential liberal arts colleges, and exploring a contemporary rationale for the liberal arts.

Senior nursing students' self-reported college experiences and gains toward liberal education goals.

PubMed

Zaborowska, R

1995-04-01

The purpose of this descriptive study is to assess baccalaureate nursing students' self-reported achievements toward liberal education goals in college and university settings and compare them to norms for the general college population by measuring their perceived involvement in campus life and activities. At the end of the spring semester, senior nursing students from 11 nursing programs in the Midwest filled out the College Student Experience Questionnaire, developed by Pace (1984), which measures the effort students put into liberal education goals. Nursing students reported high involvement in academic activities, but little involvement in other types of experiences in the college; they reported significant progress toward academic goals like intellectual skills, but less progress toward liberal education goals like art, literature, and music. Nursing students were very similar to other college students (except for students in selective liberal arts colleges) in reported involvement in activities and made similar progress toward liberal education goals.

The Liberation Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pelikan, Jaroslav

1973-01-01

Text of a 1973 commencement address given at Albertus Magnus College concerning the goals of a liberal education (historical remembrance, critical reflection, moral resolve, and thoughtful reverence) that alone can truly liberate women and, through them, mankind as a whole. (Editor/PG)

Liberation Theology and Liberatory Pedagogies: Renewing the Dialogue

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stenberg, Shari J.

2006-01-01

In this essay, the author argues that the potential for achieving the goals of critical pedagogy would be enriched if teachers had a fuller understanding of the ties between critical pedagogy and Christian liberation theology. While many are familiar with Paulo Freire's roots in Marxism, the fact that his vision of praxis and conscientization…

Reforming the World Bank: From Social-Liberalism to Neo-Liberalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Girdwood, John

2007-01-01

Using an analytics of government perspective, it is argued that neo-liberalism as an art of government, especially its form as North American advanced liberal political reason, has shaped enterprise governance and managerial reform at the World Bank. With a focus on the World Bank as a financial banking enterprise, the article explores questions…

A Liberal Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doyle, Denis P.

2001-01-01

If user-friendliness is the key to widespread technological penetration, what education is needed for the high-tech world? For our nation's 281 million technology users, a liberal education trumps technology training. Liberally schooled people gain the power to reason, solve problems, exercise initiative, and think clearly and imaginatively-all…

Liberating Moral Reflection

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horell, Harold D.

2013-01-01

The author argues that if we are to foster life-giving and liberating moral reflection, we must first liberate moral reflection from distortions; specifically, from the distorting effects of moral insensitivity, destructive moral relativism, and confusions resulting from a failure to understand the dynamics of moral reflection. The author proposes…

Leadership Studies and Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Colvin, Robert E.

2003-01-01

This article explores leadership studies as a complementary and integrating discipline in undergraduate liberal education curricula. A significant historical purpose of liberal education was to liberate and prepare its graduates to be active and capable participants and leaders in social, economic, religious, and political realms. This historical…

Political liberalism and religious claims

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

This article gives an overview of 4 important lacunae in political liberalism and identifies, in a preliminary fashion, some trends in the literature that can come in for support in filling these blind spots, which prevent political liberalism from a correct assessment of the diverse nature of religious claims. Political liberalism operates with implicit assumptions about religious actors being either ‘liberal’ or ‘fundamentalist’ and ignores a third, in-between group, namely traditionalist religious actors and their claims. After having explained what makes traditionalist religious actors different from liberal and fundamentalist religious actors, the author develops 4 areas in which political liberalism should be pushed further theoretically in order to correctly theorize the challenge which traditional religious actors pose to liberal democracy. These 4 areas (blind spots) are: (1) the context of translation; (2) the politics of exemptions; (3) the multivocality of theology; and (4) the transnational nature of norm-contestation. PMID:28344375

Rethinking Liberal Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Farnham, Nicholas, Ed.; Yarmolinsky, Adam, Ed.

The collection of 10 essays addresses the requirements of liberal education for the next century and the strategies for getting there. The papers propose better ways of linking the curriculum and organization of liberal arts colleges with challenging economic and social realities. After an introductory essay (by Nicholas H. Farnham), the following…

Energizing Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mulcahy, D. G.

2009-01-01

This paper draws on some of the classic literature on the subject along with recent scholarship addressing the increasingly urgent question of the continuing viability of liberal education in colleges and universities worldwide. This literature raises issues concerning the historical idea of a liberal education and points to new directions for the…

The liberal illusion of uniqueness.

PubMed

Stern, Chadly; West, Tessa V; Schmitt, Peter G

2014-01-01

In two studies, we demonstrated that liberals underestimate their similarity to other liberals (i.e., display truly false uniqueness), whereas moderates and conservatives overestimate their similarity to other moderates and conservatives (i.e., display truly false consensus; Studies 1 and 2). We further demonstrated that a fundamental difference between liberals and conservatives in the motivation to feel unique explains this ideological distinction in the accuracy of estimating similarity (Study 2). Implications of the accuracy of consensus estimates for mobilizing liberal and conservative political movements are discussed.

Do Liberal Arts Colleges Make Students More Liberal? Some Initial Evidence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanson, Jana M.; Weeden, Dustin D.; Pascarella, Ernest T.; Blaich, Charles

2012-01-01

The effect of attending college on students' political ideology has been a controversial topic for many decades. In this study, we explored the relationship between attending a liberal arts college and students' political views. Compared to their counterparts at other 4-year institutions, liberal arts college students began postsecondary education…

Hobbes, Liberalism, and Political Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Esquith, Stephen L.

The connection between liberal political philosophy and political education is discussed with particular emphasis on the philosophy of Thomas Hobbes. The purpose of the essay is to explain how liberal citizens become committed to a distinctively liberal conception of the common good. Part 1 discusses Hobbes' theory that rationally determining…

Disenchantment and the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lathangue, Robin

2012-01-01

This paper is an enquiry into the unpredictability of the liberally educated mind. We are all familiar with the value placed on the word "critical" when it figures prominently in justifications for liberal arts pedagogy, as in "a liberal arts education should foster the capacity for critical thinking." However, depending on the…

Liberal Arts: Making the Grade?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pease, Ted, Ed.; McIntire, Lynnette, Ed.

Fourteen magazine articles pertaining to the state of the liberal arts are presented. After an introduction by Ted Pease, "Poet or Plumber?" (Pat Blakely) considers the value of a liberal arts degree. "CLA Profile" summarizes results of a study of College of Liberal Arts students and features five CLA students, while "The…

A comparison of a biological sciences curriculum study (BSCS) laboratory and a traditional laboratory on student achievement at two private liberal arts colleges

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hall, Donald A.; McCurdy, Donald W.

The purpose of this experiment was to compare an inquiry-oriented Biological Sciences Curriculum Study (BSCS) style laboratory approach with a more directive traditional approach on student outcomes in the cognitive and affective domains of learning at two private, midwestern liberal-arts colleges. The BSCS approach emphasized basic and integrated science processes, concept development through extensive questioning, and increased student discretion, while the traditional approach contained highly structured, more prescriptive, teacher-oriented activities. Intact laboratory sections of students enrolled in introductory general biology at two private liberal-arts colleges were randomly selected into two treatment groups. Pretest and posttest measures were taken on three dependent variables: (1) biological content achievement, measured with a researcher-generated Test on Biology Laboratory Concepts, (2) reasoning ability, measured with the Group Assessment of Logical Thinking, and (3) attitude toward biology, measured with the Biology Student Behavior Inventory. Analysis of covariance indicated the experimental group (n = 60) using the BSCS-style laboratory approach scored significantly higher than the comparison group (n = 59) in levels of performance on biology content achievement, F(1, 114) = 4.07, p < 0.05. There were no significant differences between the two groups in performance levels on attitude toward biology or on reasoning ability. However, both groups experienced a 15-percent increase in the number of formal thinkers as indicated by pretest-posttest gain scores on the reasoning ability test. These results lend support to the hypothesis that a BSCS-style laboratory approach fosters desired learner outcomes at the postsecondary level. In addition, these findings support the notion that the science laboratory may be used as a primary vehicle to promote formal reasoning skills.

The Liberal Arts College and the Ideal of Liberal Education: The Case for Radical Reform.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crimmel, Henry H.

This book analyzes the crisis facing the American liberal arts college and offers a proposal for its reform. It argues that a college's infidelity to the ideals of liberal education adversely affects its relationship to society, its educational program, and its teachers. A definition and a defense of liberal education ideals is offered. The author…

Correlates of Divorce Liberality.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jorgensen, Stephen R.; Johnson, Alberta C.

1980-01-01

Childless spouses were significantly more liberal toward divorce than were spouses with children, with childless wives being the most liberal of all. Husbands were more influenced by the perceived quality of the marital relationship, in support of cognitive dissonance theory. (Author)

Racial liberalism, the Moynihan Report & the Daedalus Project on "The Negro American".

PubMed

Geary, Daniel

2011-01-01

In 1965, Daniel Patrick Moynihan, then an official in the Johnson administration, published "The Negro Family: The Case for National Action," better known as the Moynihan Report. He was influenced by his participation in two conferences organized by the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in the mid-1960s, as well as two issues of its journal Daedalus, on the topic of "The Negro American." Arguing that the "damaged" family structure of African Americans would impede efforts to achieve full racial equality in the United States, the Moynihan Report launched an explosive debate that helped fracture a fragile liberal consensus on civil rights. Geary examines the report alongside the Daedalus project, establishing its roots in the racial liberalism of the mid-1960s and connecting it to efforts by liberals to address the socioeconomic dimensions of racial inequality. He considers the close relationship between scholarship and public policy that existed at the time and reflects on the ways liberal ideas about race have changed in the decades since.

Justification of Galston's liberal pluralism.

PubMed

Azam, Golam

2016-01-01

Liberal multicultural theories developed in late twenty-first century aims to ensure the rights of the minorities, social justice and harmony in liberal societies. Will Kymlicka is the leading philosopher in this field. He advocates minority rights, their autonomy and the way minority groups can be accommodated in a liberal society with their distinct cultural identity. Besides him, there are other political theorists on the track and Galston is one of them. He disagrees with Kymlicka on some crucial points, particularly regarding the scope of civil rights of the minority groups and the responsibilities of both majority and minority groups for the sake of social harmony and justice. He tries to develop a moral theory of mutualism based on inter-community toleration and constitutionalism. Considering toleration as one of the fundamental liberal virtues he contends that the majority government has the responsibility to make arrangement both for the members of majority and minority groups so that they can build inter personal relation and learn toleration. The paper critically justifies the feasibility of his theory in a liberal society and claims that although Galston's theory has a higher possibility to be accommodated in liberal societies, it eventually fails.

Ethical Liberalism, Education and the "New Right."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olssen, Mark

2000-01-01

Examines the philosophical tradition of ethical liberalism from its emergence as a coherent response to 19th century classical liberal individualism through contemporary formulations. Pursues origins in John Stuart Mills's writings and assesses ethical liberalism's relevance for understanding current neo-liberal policy restructuring in education.…

Understanding the impact of global trade liberalization on health systems pursuing universal health coverage.

PubMed

Missoni, Eduardo

2013-01-01

In the context of reemerging universalistic approaches to health care, the objective of this article was to contribute to the discussion by highlighting the potential influence of global trade liberalization on the balance between health demand and the capacity of health systems pursuing universal health coverage (UHC) to supply adequate health care. Being identified as a defining feature of globalization affecting health, trade liberalization is analyzed as a complex and multidimensional influence on the implementation of UHC. The analysis adopts a systems-thinking approach and refers to the six building blocks of World Health Organization's current "framework for action," emphasizing their interconnectedness. While offering new opportunities to increase access to health information and care, in the absence of global governance mechanisms ensuring adequate health protection and promotion, global trade tends to have negative effects on health systems' capacity to ensure UHC, both by causing higher demand and by interfering with the interconnected functioning of health systems' building blocks. The prevention of such an impact and the effective implementation of UHC would highly benefit from a more consistent commitment and stronger leadership by the World Health Organization in protecting health in global policymaking fora in all sectors. Copyright © 2013 International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR). Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Linking Teacher Education and Liberal Learning.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wisniewski, Richard

1989-01-01

More important than creating an interdisciplinary major is the need for all teachers to be solidly grounded in liberal learning. Several collaborative programs blending the liberal arts and pedagogical studies at the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, are offered by the College of Liberal Arts. (MLW)

How Not to Defend Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shoenberg, Robert

2009-01-01

Liberal education and the liberal arts are not synonymous. "Liberal arts" refers to certain subjects of study, which may be pursued to many possible ends. "Liberal education" may be pursued through any subject matter, but the term implies distinct purposes: (1) breadth of awareness and appreciation; (2) clarity and precision of thought and…

The "L-Word": A Short History of Liberalism.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ball, Terence; Dagger, Richard

1990-01-01

Maintains that, in order to understand the current debate over liberalism, a historical perspective on the subject is necessary. Traces the history of liberalism from its inception in the Reformation to the present conflict between neoclassical liberalism and welfare liberalism. Focuses on the major theorists of liberalism. (RW)

Liberal Education and Technology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Peggy Ann, Ed.

1985-01-01

Projects at liberal arts colleges to help students understand technology, most of which were funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundations' New Liberal Arts Program, are described. Also included are John G. Truxal's essay, "Thoughts on Teaching Technology," which includes an illustration of technological problems/solutions posed by the pacemaker. The…

Reviewing Policy: Defending Liberalism on Campus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weaver-Hightower, Marcus B.; Apple, Michael W.

2008-01-01

The authors maintain that higher education has tamely responded to pillory by political conservatives. This essay advocates for Michael Berube's defense of liberalism in higher education, "What's Liberal about the Liberal Arts? Classroom Politics and "Bias" in Higher Education." The writers also counter what they view as conservative attacks on…

Connecting Thought and Action: The Challenge for Liberal Arts Presidents

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Coleman, Elizabeth

2004-01-01

In this article, the author describes a key challenge facing liberal arts presidents: to accommodate a reciprocal relationship between thinking and doing. Achieving a continuum between thought and action has never been easy--on the academic side is the fear of diluting intellectual rigor matched on the practical side by the fear of paralysis.…

The Boutique Liberal Arts?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Scott

2014-01-01

The structure of higher education today, in conjunction with those actively trying to devalue a liberal arts degree in the public sphere, has set the table for what seems like a completely rational solution: finding a "niche." Broadly speaking, colleges offering a liberal arts education identify their "niche market" in terms of…

Liberal Education and Citizenship.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Esquith, Stephen L.

1991-01-01

Discusses theories of liberal education as based on meritocratic and aristocratic assumptions. Describes liberal education as a social equalizer that at the some time hopes to produce an educated elite for expert policymaking. Stresses conflict between these assumptions. Argues that citizens should see public good as their own good and not see…

Retracing liberalism and remaking nature: designer children, research embryos, and featherless chickens.

PubMed

Fox, Dov

2010-05-01

Liberal theory seeks to achieve toleration, civil peace, and mutual respect in pluralistic societies by making public policy without reference to arguments arising from within formative ideals about what gives value to human life. Does it make sense to set aside such conceptions of the good when it comes to controversies about stem cell research and the genetic engineering of people or animals? Whether it is reasonable to bracket our world-views in such cases depends on how we answer the moral questions that the use of these biotechnologies presuppose. I argue that the moral language of liberal justice - of rights and duties, interests and opportunities, freedom and consent, equality and fairness - cannot speak to these underlying concerns about what the human embryo is, why the natural lottery matters to us, and whether 'animal nature' is worth preserving. I conclude that liberal theory is incapable of furnishing a coherent or desirable account to govern the way we use our emerging powers of biotechnology.

The Restoration of a Local Energy Regime Amid Trends of Power Liberalization in East Asia: The Seoul Sustainable Energy Utility

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yu, Jung-Min

2009-01-01

Since the mid-1980s, power sector liberalization has been embraced at different levels in the East Asian countries of China, Japan, South Korea and Taiwan. The dominant rationale underlying power liberalization has been a quest for efficiency improvements, to be achieved by substituting private market activity for public regulations and by opening…

Marxism, Liberalism, and Educational Theory.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Margonis, Frank

1993-01-01

Examines educational theory, Marxism, and liberalism, discussing Kenneth Strike's "Liberal Justice and the Marxist Critique of Education" and Daniel Liston's "Capitalist Schools: Explanation and Ethics in Radical Studies of Schooling." Suggests that both authors are too hasty in abandoning Marxism and that Marxism is the…

Welfare Gains from Financial Liberalization

PubMed Central

Townsend, Robert M.; Ueda, Kenichi

2010-01-01

Financial liberalization has been a controversial issue, as empirical evidence for growth enhancing effects is mixed. Here, we find sizable welfare gains from liberalization (cost to repression), though the gain in economic growth is ambiguous. We take the view that financial liberalization is a government policy that alters the path of financial deepening, while financial deepening is endogenously chosen by agents given a policy and occurs in transition towards a distant steady state. This history-dependent view necessitates the use of simulation analysis based on a growth model. Our application is a specific episode: Thailand from 1976 to 1996. PMID:20806055

Political liberalism and religious claims: Four blind spots.

PubMed

Stoeckl, Kristina

2017-01-01

This article gives an overview of 4 important lacunae in political liberalism and identifies, in a preliminary fashion, some trends in the literature that can come in for support in filling these blind spots, which prevent political liberalism from a correct assessment of the diverse nature of religious claims. Political liberalism operates with implicit assumptions about religious actors being either 'liberal' or 'fundamentalist' and ignores a third, in-between group, namely traditionalist religious actors and their claims. After having explained what makes traditionalist religious actors different from liberal and fundamentalist religious actors, the author develops 4 areas in which political liberalism should be pushed further theoretically in order to correctly theorize the challenge which traditional religious actors pose to liberal democracy. These 4 areas (blind spots) are: (1) the context of translation; (2) the politics of exemptions; (3) the multivocality of theology; and (4) the transnational nature of norm-contestation.

Multiculturalism and the Mission of Liberal Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aleman, Ana M. Martinez; Salkever, Katya

This paper examines attempts at four prototypical undergraduate liberal arts colleges to build community based on liberal educational principles and values, and investigates liberal education's ability to meet the challenges of multiculturalism. Data for the study was derived from a content analysis of archival materials from the four colleges,…

The Rhetoric of Women's Liberation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chesebro, James W., Ed.; Cragan, John F., Ed.

1971-01-01

This quarterly, student published journal is a forum for student writing on contemporary rhetoric. The focus of this issue is the rhetoric of Women's Liberation. Women discuss major philosophical and political issues effecting women. The articles include: "The Rhetoric of Women's Liberation;""The Demands of Revolutionary Women at…

Leisure, Freedom, and Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gary, Kevin

2006-01-01

At present liberal education is generally understood and justified as the acquisition of critical thinking skills and individual autonomy. Traditionally, however, the ultimate purpose of liberal education has been leisure. Freedom, it was thought, was not simply the result of critical thinking but also required the cultivation of leisure that…

Liberal Learning and Professional Programs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Peggy, Ed.

1982-01-01

Challenges faced by administrators and faculty members working to integrate liberal education into the professional curricula are considered in two essays, and exemplary programs at colleges and universities are described. In "Liberal Learning and the Business Students: What Are We Doing? What Should We Be Doing?" David A. Fedo presents…

Liberal Learning and the Corporation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wyman, Thomas H.

The relationship between business and the liberal arts is discussed by the Chairman of CBS, Inc. The following attributes are identified as valuable to a liberal arts education: an open, inquiring, and flexible mind; the possession of broadly applicable skills; the exercise of individual judgment; adaptability to change; affection for the arts;…

The Opinions of Liberal Arts Professors about the Teacher Education System (An Example of Uludag University, Liberal Arts Faculty)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yuksel, Sedat

2011-01-01

The place of liberal arts faculties in teacher education is a much debated topic. After the 1980s, liberal arts faculties are more involved in teacher education. The purpose of this study is to determine the opinions of those professors working at liberal art faculties about the teacher education system. This research is a case study in which…

The Accelerated Medical Program and the Liberal Arts at Boston University.

PubMed

Blaustein, E H; Kayne, H L

1976-06-14

Since September 1961, fifteen classes have matriculated in Boston University's Six- Year College of Liberal Arts--Medical Education Combined Degree Program. The applicant pool is approximately three to four times larger now than in the earlier years, with classes averaging 50 students. Academic qualifications (high-school class rank and Scholastic Aptitude Test and College Board Achievement Test results) of the entering classes have been at a consistently high level. Fifty percent or more of the graduates receive the BA degree with honors; 10% or more receive the MD degree with honors. The degree of flexibility in the liberal arts component of the program has increased and currently exceeds that of the traditional four-year premedical curriculum. These data, together with additional information concerning postgraduate professional activities, indicate that the combined accelerated program has been successful.

Epidemiology as a liberal art.

PubMed

Fraser, D W

1987-02-05

Epidemiology has features that resemble those of the traditional liberal arts. This makes it fit both for inclusion in an undergraduate curriculum and as an example in medical school of the continuing value of a liberal education. As a "low-technology" science, epidemiology is readily accessible to nonspecialists. Because it is useful for taking a first look at a new problem, it is applicable to a broad range of interesting phenomena. Furthermore, it emphasizes method rather than arcane knowledge and illustrates the approaches to problems and the kinds of thinking that a liberal education should cultivate: the scientific method, analogic thinking, deductive reasoning, problem solving within constraints, and concern for aesthetic values.

Using the arts and humanities to promote a liberal nursing education: strengths and weaknesses.

PubMed

McKie, Andrew

2012-10-01

The requirement that all student nurses in the United Kingdom will be educated to degree level from 2013 permits a review of the current state of nursing education in university contexts. Recent educational standards for these new programmes (NMC, 2010) allow a liberal, or broad-based, education, with its features of breadth of knowledge, formativity, critical thinking and working with others, to be considered. Select narratives from a PhD study featuring student nurses and nurse teachers exploring the relationship between reading literature and poetry and ethical practice are presented to critically support the place of liberal education within these programmes. These narratives are drawn from a research study based upon the use of a narrative methodology. The study was set within the educational context of a school of nursing and midwifery in one Scottish university. Eight student nurses and four nurse teachers participated in the study. These narratives were constructed from data derived from focus groups and individual interviews. These narratives suggest that liberal education can be promoted within international curricula via careful positioning of, and student nurse engagement with, the arts and humanities. A liberal education can influence student nurses' sense of discernment, enhance their own responsibility for learning, support ethical regard for others, provide different perspectives on human experience and contribute to a balanced curriculum. Although a liberal education cannot guarantee fully skilled and ethically sensitive practitioners, it can contribute towards its achievement. The current university education climate presents obstacles to the promotion of liberal education. Nevertheless, the considerable professional and personal challenges of nursing practice in global terms make such an educational preparation essential. If nursing education to degree level is to commence from 2013, these principal features of liberal education, via these

A Christian identity for the liberal state?

PubMed

Joppke, Christian

2013-12-01

It seems to be impossible for the liberal state to embrace a Christian identity, because 'liberalism' is exactly a device for separating state and religion. Discussing the implications of a recent decision of the European Court of Human Rights, Lautsi v. Italy (2011), I argue that this is not necessarily so. If paired with a liberal commitment to pluralism, a Christian identity might even be more inclusive of minority religions than a narrowly 'liberal' state identity, which has been the dominant response in Western Europe to the challenge of immigrant diversity, especially that of Muslim origins. © London School of Economics and Political Science 2013.

Machiavelli and the liberalism of fear.

PubMed

Osborne, Thomas

2017-12-01

This article revisits the long-standing question of the relations between ethics and politics in Machiavelli's work, assessing its relevance to the 'liberalism of fear' in particular in the work of Judith Shklar, Bernard Williams and also John Dunn. The article considers ways in which Machiavelli has been a 'negative' resource for liberalism - for instance, as a presumed proponent of tyranny; but also ways in which even for the liberalism of fear he might be considered a 'positive' resource, above all around the issues of political necessity and prudential judgement.

Medicine as our liberal arts.

PubMed

Leung, Gilberto Ka Kit

2010-01-01

An undergraduate education in liberal arts is viewed by many, especially in North America, as a desirable preparation for medical school. In countries where such a pre-medicine curriculum is not available, an introduction of 'humanities in medicine' has recently been emphasized. Few, however, has entertained the idea that Medicine already possesses many elements of a liberal arts education. In this article, the author discussed how Medicine may be treated as a liberal arts curriculum, and how the very awareness of this possibility should be articulated and shared by both medical students and teachers. Medical education in countries without a pre-medical curriculum may be transformed from doctor-training to a new level of an explicit and complete education for the individuals.

FITS Liberator: Image processing software

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Lindberg Christensen, Lars; Nielsen, Lars Holm; Nielsen, Kaspar K.; Johansen, Teis; Hurt, Robert; de Martin, David

2012-06-01

The ESA/ESO/NASA FITS Liberator makes it possible to process and edit astronomical science data in the FITS format to produce stunning images of the universe. Formerly a plugin for Adobe Photoshop, the current version of FITS Liberator is a stand-alone application and no longer requires Photoshop. This image processing software makes it possible to create color images using raw observations from a range of telescopes; the FITS Liberator continues to support the FITS and PDS formats, preferred by astronomers and planetary scientists respectively, which enables data to be processed from a wide range of telescopes and planetary probes, including ESO's Very Large Telescope, the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope, ESA's XMM-Newton Telescope and Cassini-Huygens or Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

49 CFR 1100.3 - Liberal construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Liberal construction. 1100.3 Section 1100.3 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RULES OF PRACTICE GENERAL PROVISIONS § 1100.3 Liberal construction. The rules will...

49 CFR 1100.3 - Liberal construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Liberal construction. 1100.3 Section 1100.3 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RULES OF PRACTICE GENERAL PROVISIONS § 1100.3 Liberal construction. The rules will...

49 CFR 1100.3 - Liberal construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 49 Transportation 8 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Liberal construction. 1100.3 Section 1100.3 Transportation Other Regulations Relating to Transportation (Continued) SURFACE TRANSPORTATION BOARD, DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RULES OF PRACTICE GENERAL PROVISIONS § 1100.3 Liberal construction. The rules will...

Liberalism, authority, and bioethics commissions.

PubMed

MacDougall, D Robert

2013-12-01

Bioethicists working on national ethics commissions frequently think of themselves as advisors to the government, but distance themselves from any claims to actual authority. Governments however may find it beneficial to appear to defer to the authority of these commissions when designing laws and policies, and might appoint such commissions for exactly this reason. Where does the authority for setting laws and policies come from? This question is best answered from within a normative political philosophy. This paper explains the locus of moral authority as understood within one family of normative political theories--liberal political theories--and argues that most major "liberal" commentators have understood both the source and scope of ethics commissions' authority in a manner at odds with liberalism, rightly interpreted. The author argues that reexamining the implications of liberalism for bioethics commissions would mean changing what are considered valid criticisms of such commissions and also changing the content of national bioethics commission mandates. The author concludes that bioethicists who participate in such commissions ought to carefully examine their own views about the normative limits of governmental authority because such limits have important implications for the contribution that bioethicists can legitimately make to government commissions.

Machiavelli and the liberalism of fear

PubMed Central

2017-01-01

This article revisits the long-standing question of the relations between ethics and politics in Machiavelli’s work, assessing its relevance to the ‘liberalism of fear’ in particular in the work of Judith Shklar, Bernard Williams and also John Dunn. The article considers ways in which Machiavelli has been a ‘negative’ resource for liberalism – for instance, as a presumed proponent of tyranny; but also ways in which even for the liberalism of fear he might be considered a ‘positive’ resource, above all around the issues of political necessity and prudential judgement. PMID:29276342

32 CFR 727.15 - Liberal construction of part.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 32 National Defense 5 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Liberal construction of part. 727.15 Section 727.15 National Defense Department of Defense (Continued) DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY PERSONNEL LEGAL ASSISTANCE § 727.15 Liberal construction of part. The provisions of this part are intended to be liberally...

Creating Green Citizens? Political Liberalism and Environmental Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bell, Derek R.

2004-01-01

This paper considers whether the promotion of an environmental ethic in schools is compatible with the political liberal's commitment to neutrality. A new account of the implications of John Rawls's political liberalism for the basic structure of education is developed. The prima facie incompatibility of political liberalism and the promotion of…

Case Studies of Liberal Arts Computer Science Programs

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baldwin, D.; Brady, A.; Danyluk, A.; Adams, J.; Lawrence, A.

2010-01-01

Many undergraduate liberal arts institutions offer computer science majors. This article illustrates how quality computer science programs can be realized in a wide variety of liberal arts settings by describing and contrasting the actual programs at five liberal arts colleges: Williams College, Kalamazoo College, the State University of New York…

Liberal Arts: Carrier Pigeon or Albatross?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koch, Moses S.

1977-01-01

Liberal arts educators must direct their energies more toward defining the human condition than toward simply recreating its past glories. The liberal arts must prepare students for the future, as well as acquaint them with the past and must incorporate discussions of today's ethical concerns. (DC)

A Liberal Arts Education: Global Trends and Challenges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Logan, Jerry; Curry, Janel

2015-01-01

The debate about the effectiveness of the liberal arts curriculum is centuries old, but recent financial and social pressures have placed the survival of the liberal arts in the United States at even greater risk. Using Kimball's (1995) notion of the oratorical and philosophical traditions of liberal education, this article first identifies the…

The liberal arts and professional nursing: making the connections.

PubMed

Vande Zande, G A

1995-02-01

A liberal education is essential for professional nurses today. "Liberally educated nurses make informed and responsible ethical choices and help shape the future of society as well as the nursing profession" (American Association of Colleges of Nursing, 1986, p. 5). At our liberal arts college, through a seminar course taught from a multidisciplinary perspective, students integrate new knowledge from the liberal arts disciplines and from the discipline of nursing with professional nursing practice and with life in contemporary society. Thus, they make the connections between the liberal arts and professional nursing, an essential component of baccalaureate nursing education.

Technology Education in the Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wiens, A. Emerson

1987-01-01

Reviews development of technological literacy in liberal arts curriculum, especially efforts of Sloan Foundation. Observes that few general education courses with technology content are taught by industrial educators; focus of the new liberal arts is on understanding how technology works; quantitative skills are vital; and social and human…

Experiential Learning and the Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, John Kares

True "liberal learning" often occurs far from our campuses and direct influence. The Ladakhi, a non-western culture located between Tibet, China, and Pakistan, passed on "liberal learning" as part of its communal experience. The Ladakhis were wealthy, self-sufficient, lived in roomy houses, had zero "gross national…

The History Major and Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liberal Education, 2009

2009-01-01

All disciplines and fields have something important to contribute to liberal learning. History, however, provides something distinctive. This contribution can be enhanced by a more explicit understanding of the relationship between the history major and the broader goals and processes of liberal learning, and through consideration of that…

Liberal Education in the Age of the Unthinkable

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shinn, Larry D.

2012-01-01

Those who work in all sectors of higher education--from community and liberal arts colleges to undergraduate programs in public and research universities--often assert that a "liberal education" is precisely the kind of undergraduate education that is needed for both living and working in the challenging 21st-century world. "Liberal education" or…

Neo-Liberalism in Crisis? Educational Dimensions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Small, David

2011-01-01

Until the global financial crisis, neo-liberalism had appeared invincible. This article examines the global rise of neo-liberalism and its impact on education, particularly its treatment of the social democratic ideal of equality. Drawing on examples from education and other socio-political factors, it considers whether the financial crisis is…

Can MOOCs Work with Liberal Arts?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shennan, Andrew

2013-01-01

During any given semester at a liberal arts college like Wellesley, students may experience what will prove to be a transformational moment in their lives. This is the reality of the liberal arts college environment: meaningful encounters with peers from very different backgrounds; small, discussion-based courses that foster creative,…

Welfare Rights in the Liberal Tradition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Horne, Thomas A.

1990-01-01

Maintains that welfare rights are not incompatible with liberalism's commitment to private property and freedom. Argues that students need to be aware of liberalism's favorable historical position on welfare. Examines the positions of John Locke, Thomas Paine, and John Stuart Mills on poverty, welfare, and the role of the state. (RW)

27 CFR 71.2 - Liberal construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2012-04-01 2011-04-01 true Liberal construction. 71.2 Section 71.2 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT... and Construction of Regulations § 71.2 Liberal construction. The regulations in this part shall be...

27 CFR 71.2 - Liberal construction.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 27 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Liberal construction. 71.2 Section 71.2 Alcohol, Tobacco Products and Firearms ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO TAX AND TRADE BUREAU, DEPARTMENT... and Construction of Regulations § 71.2 Liberal construction. The regulations in this part shall be...

Community, Commitment and Congruence: A Different Kind of Excellence. A Preliminary Report on "The Future of the Academic Workplace in Liberal Arts Colleges."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Splete, Allen P.; And Others

A survey of faculty and selected administrators of liberal arts colleges was conducted, with the goals of achieving a greater understanding of the academic workplace for faculty in liberal arts colleges and identifying ways in which the vitality, commitment, morale, and productivity of the faculty could be enhanced. A total of 9,204 faculty in 142…

Achieving household nutrition security in societies in transition: an overview.

PubMed

Gopalan, C

2001-01-01

The achievement of nutrition security at the household level involves adequacy of food supply at the national level and equitable distribution of food among the population in accordance with their physiological needs. The emergence of globalization and market liberalization and the increasing power of some transnational corporations that are advocating pharmaceutical shortcuts have raised concerns in many developing countries. In order to achieve adequacy of food production, earlier mistakes (such as a reliance on unsustainable new technologies) need to be corrected and the resultant imbalances with respect to food production need to be reversed. Emerging new technologies, including genetic modifications, need to be effectively harnessed and adapted with due consideration to safety and sustainability. There is a need to collect convincing evidence of the efficacy and safety of genetically modified foods before they can gain general public acceptance. Information technology will play an important role in future programmes of food production and developing countries must strive to achieve access to this technology. There is considerable scope and need for the expansion of agro-based industries in villages and townships. This could create job opportunities and could also lead to better production and more effective utilization of local food resources by the community and reduce the present considerable loss of perishable food items. Household nutrition security means more than avoidance of chronic starvation. Policy makers of developing countries should set, as their target in the next century, the achievement of adequate nutrition rather than mere survival.

Psychology Research at Liberal Arts Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schmauder, A. Rene; Robinson, Michael D.; Hartley, James E.

1999-01-01

Examines the research productivity of liberal arts faculty by ranking all the liberal arts colleges based on publications catalogued by the PsychLit database from 1984 to 1993. Finds that 77 of the 161 schools had at least one publication in an APA journal, while 21 schools had five or more publications. (CMK)

Blending Liberal Art and Business Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chew, E. Byron; McInnis-Bowers, Cecilia

2004-01-01

Business educators and colleagues in the liberal arts have not found the ideal bridge, from the student's perspective, that provides a meaningful connection between the two domains. Over the years, challenges to effectively bridge the divide between liberal arts and business have come from leaders in education, the professional business community,…

Non-Liberal Arts Curriculum Study. Results.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for the Study of Community Colleges, Los Angeles, CA.

In 1992, a national survey was conducted to determine the percentage of the community college curriculum devoted to the non-liberal arts, to develop a taxonomy of non-liberal arts subject areas, and to ascertain the percentage of these courses which were transferable to research universities and comprehensive colleges and universities in five…

Liberal Education: A Literary Black Hole?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pederson, Tom

1989-01-01

An overview of the historical traditions presented by Bruce Kimball in his "Orators and Philosophers: A History of the Idea of Liberal Education" is presented. The significance of the structure of the Catholic and other Christian churches in perpetuating the ideal and reality of a liberal arts education is discussed. (Author/MLW)

Innovative Math for Liberal Arts Majors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Strasser, Nora

2011-01-01

An innovative Math for Liberal Arts course was designed to provide liberal arts students with the life skills necessary to survive in the 21st century. The course emphasizes application driven mathematics. This course has been successful in changing students' perceptions of the usefulness of the course and improving student success rate as well as…

Luther, Learning, and the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Burnett, Amy Nelson

2017-01-01

The learning goals of a well-designed course in the liberal arts include not only the imparting of knowledge but also the development of critical thinking and disciplinary expertise. A class on Luther can help students acquire those intellectual skills associated with the discipline of history and the liberal arts more generally as they consider…

Is Assessment Destroying the Liberal Arts?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Karin

2015-01-01

While higher education has typically included exposure to the values and ethos of the liberal arts, traditional liberal arts education has been in retreat and under threat for a while now. What role has the assessment movement had on this retreat? Is assessment, in fact, part of the deterioration of higher education? Assessment in academia began…

THE LIBERAL ARTS--PAST, PRESENT, FUTURE.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

RICE, JAMES G.

THE STERILITY OF THE LIBERAL ARTS IN MOST COLLEGES TODAY IS BECOMING MORE EVIDENT. STUDENTS ARE TURNING TO "POT," LSD, OR IMMERSIONS IN ANOTHER CULTURE IN THEIR QUESTS TO EXPAND THEIR CONSCIOUSNESS. THE STUDENT'S NEED FOR A HEIGHTENED AWARENESS AND LARGER FRAME OF REFERENCE CAN BE FULFILLED BY A STUDY OF THE LIBERAL ARTS ONLY IF THESE STUDIES ARE…

Well-Meaning Liberal Male: Typical Hypocrite or Uncomfortable Alien.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gackenbach, Jayne; And Others

The well-meaning liberal male (WMLM) is a man who talks a liberal stereotype but behaves inconsistently with his professed beliefs. Using Ajzen and Fishbein's model of behavioral prediction based on attitudinal assessment, males identified as WMLM's, sincere liberals, and traditionalists from the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) were compared.…

Computer Science and the Liberal Arts: A Philosophical Examination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Henry M.; Kelemen, Charles

2010-01-01

This article explores the philosophy and position of the discipline of computer science within the liberal arts, based upon a discussion of the nature of computer science and a review of the characteristics of the liberal arts. A liberal arts environment provides important opportunities for undergraduate programs, but also presents important…

Cultural bias and liberal neutrality: reconsidering the relationship between religion and liberalism through the lens of the physician-assisted suicide debate.

PubMed

Jones, Robert P

2002-01-01

Liberals often view religion chiefly as "a problem" for democratic discourse in modern pluralistic societies and propose an allegedly neutral solution in the form of philosophical distinctions between "the right" and "the good" or populist invocations of a "right to choose." Drawing on cultural theory and ethnographic research among activists in the Oregon debates over the legalization of physician-assisted suicide, I demonstrate that liberal "neutrality" harbors its own cultural bias, flattens the complexity of public debates, and undermines liberalism's own commitments to equality. I conclude that the praiseworthy liberal goal of impartiality in policy decisions would best be met not by the inaccessible norm of neutrality but by a norm of inclusivity, which intentionally solicits multiple cultural perspectives.

LIBERAL JOURNALISM AND AMERICAN EDUCATION, 1914-1941.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

WALLACE, JAMES M.

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TWO LIBERAL JOURNALS AND THE INSTITUTIONS AND PERSONNEL OF FORMAL EDUCATION WAS STUDIED. "THE NATION" AND "NEW REPUBLIC" WERE SELECTED AS BEING INFLUENTIALLY REPRESENTATIVE OF INTELLECTUAL AMERICAN LIBERALISM DURING THE 20TH CENTURY. STANDARD TECHNIQUES OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH WERE EMPLOYED. RELEVANT…

Liberalism, legal moralism and moral disagreement.

PubMed

Kuflik, Arthur

2005-01-01

According to "legal moralism" it is part of law's proper role to "enforce morality as such". I explore the idea that legal moralism runs afoul of morality itself: there are good moral reasons not to require by law all that there is nevertheless good moral reason to do. I suggest that many such reasons have broad common-sense appeal and could be appreciated even in a society in which everyone completely agreed about what morality requires. But I also critique legal moralism from the special perspective of liberal political justice. Liberalism requires that citizens who disagree with one another on a number of morally significant matters nevertheless coexist and cooperate within a political framework of basic rights protections. When it comes to working out the most basic terms of their political association, citizens are expected to address one another within the limits of what Rawls has called "public reason". Critics of liberalism claim that this is an essentially a-moral (or expedient) attempt to evade substantive moral issues--such as the moral status of the fetus. I argue, on the contrary, that liberalism's emphasis on public reason is itself grounded in very deep--though (suitably) "non-comprehensive"--moral considerations.

Resources for Renewal: Liberal Education for Work and Leisure.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reagin, Ewell J.

A cooperative project of Warren Wilson College, North Carolina, the College for Human Services, New York, and Merrimack Valley Branch/University of New Hampshire on the topic of leisure and liberal education is described. The project is part of "Change in Liberal Education," a network concerned with the renewal of liberal education. The…

34 CFR 200.14 - Components of Adequate Yearly Progress.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 34 Education 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Components of Adequate Yearly Progress. 200.14 Section 200.14 Education Regulations of the Offices of the Department of Education OFFICE OF ELEMENTARY AND SECONDARY EDUCATION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION TITLE I-IMPROVING THE ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT OF THE DISADVANTAGED...

Autonomy, liberalism and advance care planning.

PubMed Central

Ikonomidis, S; Singer, P A

1999-01-01

The justification for advance directives is grounded in the notion that they extend patient autonomy into future states of incompetency through patient participation in decision making about end-of-life care. Four objections challenge the necessity and sufficiency of individual autonomy, perceived to be a defining feature of liberal philosophical theory, as a basis of advance care planning. These objections are that the liberal concept of autonomy (i) implies a misconception of the individual self, (ii) entails the denial of values of social justice, (iii) does not account for justifiable acts of paternalism, and (iv) does not account for the importance of personal relationships in the advance care planning process. The last objection is especially pertinent in light of recent empirical research highlighting the importance of personal relationships in advance care planning. This article examines these four objections to autonomy, and the liberal theoretical framework with which it is associated, in order to re-evaluate the philosophical basis of advance care planning. We argue that liberal autonomy (i) is not a misconceived concept as critics assume, (ii) does not entail the denial of values of social justice, (iii) can account for justifiable acts of paternalism, though it (iv) is not the best account of the value of personal relationships that arise in advance care planning. In conclusion, we suggest that liberalism is a necessary component of a theoretical framework for advance care planning but that it needs to be supplemented with theories that focus explicitly on the significance of personal relationships. PMID:10635509

Renewing the Spirit of the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Noddings, Nel

2013-01-01

The spirit of the liberal arts has been undermined by overspecialization, and it has been further damaged by the increase in emphasis on the economic purpose of education. The spirit might be renewed by using the aims of the liberal arts to develop every course we teach.

The Liberal Arts and the Martial Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Levine, Donald N.

1984-01-01

Liberal arts and the martial arts are compared from the perspective that courses of training in the martial arts often constitute exemplary educational programs and are worth examining closely. Program characteristics, individual characteristics fostered by them, the relationship between liberal and utilitarian learning, and the moral…

Abortion Liberalization in World Society, 1960-2009

PubMed Central

Boyle, Elizabeth H.; Kim, Minzee; Longhofer, Wesley

2015-01-01

Controversy sets abortion apart from other issues studied by world society theorists, who consider the tendency for policies institutionalized at the global level to diffuse across very different countries. We conduct an event history analysis of the spread (however limited) of abortion liberalization policies from 1960 to 2009. After identifying three dominant frames (a women's rights frame, a medical frame, and a religious, natural family frame), we find that indicators of a scientific, medical frame show consistent association with liberalization of policies specifying acceptable grounds for abortion. Women's leadership roleshave a stronger and more consistent liberalizing effect than do countries' links to a global women's rights discourse. Somewhat different patterns emerge around the likelihood of adopting an additional policy, controlling for first policy adoption. Even as support for women's autonomy has grown globally, with respect to abortion liberalization, persistent, powerful frames compete at the global level, preventing robust policy diffusion. PMID:26900619

Abortion Liberalization in World Society, 1960-2009.

PubMed

Boyle, Elizabeth H; Kim, Minzee; Longhofer, Wesley

2015-11-01

Controversy sets abortion apart from other issues studied by world society theorists, who consider the tendency for policies institutionalized at the global level to diffuse across very different countries. The authors conduct an event history analysis of the spread (however limited) of abortion liberalization policies from 1960 to 2009. After identifying three dominant frames (a women's rights frame, a medical frame, and a religious, natural family frame), the authors find that indicators of a scientific, medical frame show consistent association with liberalization of policies specifying acceptable grounds for abortion. Women's leadership roles have a stronger and more consistent liberalizing effect than do countries' links to a global women's rights discourse. Somewhat different patterns emerge around the likelihood of adopting an additional policy, controlling for first policy adoption. Even as support for women's autonomy has grown globally, with respect to abortion liberalization, persistent, powerful frames compete at the global level, preventing robust policy diffusion.

Struggles for Modern Education: Egalitarian Liberalism and Its Quest for Equal Access to Opportunity

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pistone, Renee A.

2010-01-01

Egalitarian liberalism strives for equal access to opportunity and can achieve it. Every individual must be granted the chance to live his or her own life (Rawls, 1971). Our society must offer all citizens their own autonomy and live up to the egalitarian promises giving them respect. This paper disagrees with the notion that children raised in…

Liberation Bibliography

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fister, Barbara

2010-01-01

The author has been thinking about the kind of freedoms embodied in the idea of the library and the plight of the book that cannot find its reader. What can librarians do to help readers and books find one another in a world where money is going toward temporary access to corporate-controlled intellectual property? How can one liberate knowledge…

Sustainability and Liberal Education: Partners by Nature

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Weissman, Neil B.

2012-01-01

Sustainability powerfully validates the liberal arts. In response to contemporary accusations of economic impracticality, defenders of liberal education have emphasized how such skills as critical thinking and "learning to learn" are vital to success in careers. This approach readily extends to sustainability, which has become a growing source of…

Desert, Liberalism and Justice in Democratic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jonsson, Olafur Pall

2012-01-01

Liberal democratic education, as advocated in recent accounts of citizenship education or civic education, is often seen as incompatible with moral education or character education rooted in specific views regarding the virtues. This contrast relies on well established philosophical differences between liberal views of justice and democracy, on…

Political Liberalism, Linguistic Diversity and Equal Treatment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bonotti, Matteo

2017-01-01

This article explores the implications of John Rawls' political liberalism for linguistic diversity and language policy, by focusing on the following question: what kind(s) of equality between speakers of different languages and with different linguistic identities should the state guarantee under political liberalism? The article makes three…

The Parameters of the Liberal-Communitarian Debate.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Theobald, Paul; Dinkelman, Todd

This essay presents components of the debate between liberals and communitarians, discusses how this debate centers around policies affecting market economies and the role of government, and points out implications for school reform. The chief criticism communitarians aim at liberalism is that it promotes obsessive individualism, and in this…

Teaching for Toleration in Pluralist Liberal Democracies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

van Waarden, Betto

2017-01-01

This article determines which education enables the perpetuation of diverse ways of life and the liberal democracy that accommodates this diversity. Liberals like John Rawls, Stephen Macedo, and William Galston have disagreed about the scope of civic education. Based on an analysis of toleration--the primary means for maintaining a pluralist…

The Manners of Liberalism: A Question of Limits.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Allen, William B.

1982-01-01

The argument that liberal education leads people to substitute intellectual tolerance or ambiguity for righteous indignation is criticized, with reference to Harriet Beecher Stowe's portrayal of Thomas Jefferson, his liberalism, and democratic manners. (MSE)

From Liberation to Salvation: Revolutionary Critical Pedagogy Meets Liberation Theology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McLaren, Peter; Jandric, Petar

2017-01-01

This conversation between Peter McLaren and Petar Jandric brings about some of the most recent and deepest of McLaren's insights into the relationship between revolutionary critical pedagogy and liberation theology, and outlines the main directions of development of McLaren's thought during and after "Pedagogy of Insurrection." In the…

ACHIEVING SUSTAINABILITY - FINAL STEPS IN A DYNAMIC DANCE

EPA Science Inventory

Achieving sustainability relies upon adequate metrics to evaluate the environment and guide decisions. Although adequate assessment is important to prescribing remedies, achieving a sustainable environment cannot be delayed. It must be achieved today as well as tomorrow so that t...

The Vocational-Liberal Arts Controversy: Looking Backwards.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miles, Sue L.

The liberal arts-vocational education controversy is examined in this article through a series of fictitious letters based on historical facts that present the thoughts of key educational personalities regarding the community college's role in providing vocational education and liberal arts education. Part I, which takes the form of a letter and…

Child Labor and Trade Liberalization in Indonesia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kis-Katos, Krisztina; Sparrow, Robert

2011-01-01

We examine the effects of trade liberalization on child work in Indonesia, identifying geographical differences in the effects of trade policy through district level exposure to reduction in import tariff barriers, from 1993 to 2002. The results suggest that increased exposure to trade liberalization is associated with a decrease in child work…

Reclaim Your Rights as a Liberal Educator

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kilmer, Julie J.

2007-01-01

As a feminist professor engaged in liberal education, the author argues that in these troubled times, when conservative groups such as Students for Academic Freedom have set themselves in opposition to a "liberal professoriate," faculty need to keep in mind that the goal of higher education is to teach college students to use analytical thinking…

Iris Murdoch, Liberal Education and Human Flourishing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Evans, William

2009-01-01

Articulating the good of liberal education--what we should teach and why we should teach it--is necessary to resist the subversion of liberal education to economic or political ends and the mania for measurable skills. I argue that Iris Murdoch's philosophical writings enrich the work of contemporary Aristotelians, such as Joseph Dunne and…

The Liberal Arts College and Humanist Learning

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arcilla, René V.

2014-01-01

What is liberal education? How do its aims differ from those of either grammar or vocational education? Does it truly deserve its own supporting institution? In response to these questions, Arcilla develops a defense of the liberal arts college. He observes that all projects of formal learning presuppose that the learner possesses answers to three…

Neo-Liberalism, Irish Society and Adult Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finnegan, Fergal

2008-01-01

This article offers an overview of recent international scholarship on neo-liberalism in particular the work of the geographer and historian David Harvey and the recent books of the educationalist Henry Giroux. It begins with a brief historical account of neo-liberalism and outlines the main characteristics of the free market era. Irish society…

Mission, Multiculturalism, and the Liberal Arts College: A Qualitative Investigation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aleman, Ana M. Martinez; Salkever, Katya

2003-01-01

Using qualitative methods, explored how faculty, administrators, and students at a liberal arts college understand the mission of liberal education and its relationship to their institutional goals for multicultural community. Interview data suggest that the traditional liberal educational mission of this college thwarts the development of…

Multiculturalism and the Liberal Arts College: Faculty Perceptions of Pedagogy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aleman, Ana M. Martinez; Salkever, Katya

This is a qualitative study of faculty perceptions of the relationship between pedagogy, liberal education, and multiculturalism. The incompatibility of liberal education and multiculturalism ground this study along with the assertion that teaching and learning are central to the liberal education mission. Nineteen faculty members participated in…

Legal Education, Liberal Education, and the Trivial "Artes."

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Bruce A.

1986-01-01

Reviews the influence of liberal education upon legal education, studying the historical process according to which changes of emphasis within liberal education (from rhetoric to dialectic or the reverse) have been reflected in related changes in legal education. (AYC)

Digital Liberal Arts at a Distance: A Consortium-Wide Approach

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pearson, Ellen Holmes; McClurken, Jeffrey; Bailey, Claire

2016-01-01

Over the past decade, campus-based digital liberal arts projects have extended high-impact undergraduate research across disciplines and beyond the traditional print medium for the production and dissemination of knowledge. But many small- to medium-sized liberal arts colleges, and especially public liberal arts colleges, often lack the…

The Liberal Arts in Higher Education: Challenging Assumptions, Exploring Possibilities.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Glyer, Diana, Ed.; Weeks, David L., Ed.

This book presents four major articles and 10 brief book reviews concerning the liberal arts in higher education. An introduction by the editors, "Liberal Education: Initiating the Conversation," precedes the articles. The articles are: (1) "The Classical Liberal Arts Tradition" (Christopher Flannery and Rae Wineland Newstad); (2) "Modern and…

The Morphing of America's Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DiMaria, Frank

2010-01-01

In this article, the author discusses the paper, "Where Are They Now? Revisiting Breneman's Study of Liberal Arts Colleges" by Vicki L. Baker, assistant professor at Albion College and Roger G. Baldwin, professor at University of Michigan. Their paper takes a look back at David W. Breneman's study "Are We Losing Our Liberal Arts Colleges?" and it…

Distinctively American: The Residential Liberal Arts College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Koblik, Steven, Ed.; Graubard, Stephen R., Ed.

This book seeks to examine the residential liberal arts colleges as an institution, from its role in the lives of students, to its value as a form of education. It explores the threat faced by liberal arts colleges, as well as the transformative role, but positive and negative, information technology will play in future development and survival.…

Is Twenty-First-Century Liberal Arts Modern?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tidbury, Iain

2018-01-01

In the first part of this paper I explore a recently conceived notion of a modern liberal arts education which brings the ancient Aristotelian search for first principles into a modern metaphysics of Kant and Hegel. In the second part I examine two ways in which this modern conception of a liberal arts education intervenes in important social and…

Liberals think more analytically (more "WEIRD") than conservatives.

PubMed

Talhelm, Thomas; Haidt, Jonathan; Oishi, Shigehiro; Zhang, Xuemin; Miao, Felicity F; Chen, Shimin

2015-02-01

Henrich, Heine, and Norenzayan summarized cultural differences in psychology and argued that people from one particular culture are outliers: people from societies that are Western, educated, industrialized, rich, and democratic (WEIRD). This study shows that liberals think WEIRDer than conservatives. In five studies with more than 5,000 participants, we found that liberals think more analytically (an element of WEIRD thought) than moderates and conservatives. Study 3 replicates this finding in the very different political culture of China, although it held only for people in more modernized urban centers. These results suggest that liberals and conservatives in the same country think as if they were from different cultures. Studies 4 to 5 show that briefly training people to think analytically causes them to form more liberal opinions, whereas training them to think holistically causes shifts to more conservative opinions. © 2014 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

A Social Movements' Perspective on Human Rights Impact of Mining Liberalization in the Philippines.

PubMed

Aytin, Andrew

2016-02-01

When it comes to minerals like gold, copper, or nickel, the Philippines ranks among the world's richest countries, but it has continued to perform poorly in terms of human and economic development. In the belief that foreign investments will bring development, the government in 1995 liberalized its mining industry allowing full foreign ownership and control of the mining activities. After almost two decades of mining liberalization, the country has never achieved its goal of development but is now reeling from the adverse impacts of large-scale corporate mining on the environment and lives of mining-affected communities. Moreover, human rights violations against anti-mining activists and environmental advocates have escalated at an alarming rate making the country one of the most dangerous places for land and environmental defenders. But social movements are now taking big steps to empower the people, especially the mining-affected communities, to confront the adverse impacts of corporate mining and to reverse the current path of the mining industry to one that aims to achieve national industrialization where national development is prioritized over transnational corporations' interests. © The Author(s) 2016.

Lessons from the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pascarella, Ernest T.; Blaich, Charles

2013-01-01

Funded by the Center of Inquiry in the Liberal Arts (CILA) at Wabash College, the Wabash National Study of Liberal Arts Education (WNS) is a multi-institution, multi-year, longitudinal study designed to identify the academic and non-academic collegiate experiences that foster liberal learning. This article describes how the study was done and…

Liberalism and African Culture.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sindima, Harvey

1990-01-01

Discusses the effect of liberalism on the African understanding of education, community, and religion. Describes ways in which the European intrusion, that is, colonial governments, schools, and churches, undermined traditional African life and thought. (DM)

Teaching Rhetorical Studies: Dramatism as Liberator and Oppressor.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmeri, Anthony J.

Kenneth Burke's Dramatism, as a "meta-perspective," encourages a liberating awareness of the shortcomings of all rhetorics by upholding a "comic frame" that exhorts commitment without dogmatism, tolerance without uncritical relativism. Teachers of rhetoric can use a liberating comic frame that acknowledges the recalcitrance of…

Developing an Adequately Specified Model of State Level Student Achievement with Multilevel Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bernstein, Lawrence

Limitations of using linear, unilevel regression procedures in modeling student achievement are discussed. This study is a part of a broader study that is developing an empirically-based predictive model of variables associated with academic achievement from a multilevel perspective and examining the differences by which parameters are estimated…

The Compatibility of Liberalism and Mandatory Environmental Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ferkany, Matt; Whyte, Kyle Powys

2013-01-01

Recently scholars have wondered whether liberals can promote mandatory programs of formal environmental education, including education for the environment or sustainable development. Critics maintain that they cannot on grounds that environmental education is a threat to student autonomy or cannot be justified using liberal principles. We argue…

Teaching Scientific Reasoning to Liberal Arts Students

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Rubbo, Louis

2014-03-01

University courses in conceptual physics and astronomy typically serve as the terminal science experience for the liberal arts student. Within this population significant content knowledge gains can be achieved by utilizing research verified pedagogical methods. However, from the standpoint of the Univeristy, students are expected to complete these courses not necessarily for the content knowledge but instead for the development of scientific reasoning skills. Results from physics education studies indicate that unless scientific reasoning instruction is made explicit students do not progress in their reasoning abilities. How do we complement the successful content based pedagogical methods with instruction that explicitly focuses on the development of scientific reasoning skills? This talk will explore methodologies that actively engages the non-science students with the explicit intent of fostering their scientific reasoning abilities.

High School Women's Liberation. FPS: A Magazine of Young People's Liberation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1976

This pamphlet contains 19 consciousness-raising articles for high-school women which help define their roles and rights as females, family members, and participants in the labor market. The first section, Education and Liberation, discusses ways in which schools, families, and society suppress women. For example, women are urged to take home…

What Is Liberal Education in a Technological Era?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Billington, David P.

1994-01-01

This article argues that, throughout history, progress has been intertwined with liberal education. Liberal education is seen as influencing technology and vice versa. These ideas are traced through historical eras including that of steamboats and textiles (1807-1855), connecting the continent (1830-1883), the rise of industry, and information and…

Promoting Liberal Learning in a Capstone Accounting Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahlawat, Sunita; Miller, Gerald; Shahid, Abdus

2012-01-01

This paper describes our efforts to integrate liberal learning principles in a capstone course within the overwhelmingly career-focused discipline of accountancy. Our approach was based on the belief that business and liberal learning courses are complementary, rather than competitive, elements of a well-rounded education. The ability to deal with…

Right and Goods: Procedural Liberalism and Educational Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnston, James Scott

2007-01-01

In this essay, James Scott Johnston asks what sort of liberalism is best for the educational systems of early twenty-first century, late capitalistic democratic nations, looking at the procedural liberalism extant. Two major models are John Rawls's Justice as Fairness and Jurgen Habermas's Communicative Action. Both owe their foundational…

How Islamism Imperils the Western Liberal Order

DTIC Science & Technology

2017-02-13

pragmatic approach to the conflict in worldviews that does not abandon liberal principle , but shapes what the environment offers will yield the truest...cannot abandon its principles to practicalities, yet at times, those principles seem to present weakness where there should be strength. The Islamist...formulation of the state’s moral principles , typically described by the state’s constitution, and at least in the West, a commitment to liberal democratic

Liberal Arts: Leadership Education in the 21st Century

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Guthrie, Kathy L.; Callahan, Kathleen

2016-01-01

This chapter focuses on strategies and processes that integrate leadership learning across institutions. It discusses how leadership education fits a liberal education in various institutional types and operationalizes leadership and liberal arts curricula with five competencies.

Life after Shakespeare: Careers for Liberal Arts Majors.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Flores-Esteves, Manuel

Career briefs on 30 fields that liberal arts graduates might pursue are provided, and the value of a liberal arts degree to job applicants is addressed. Included are published reference sources; information on job search skills, writing a resume, and interviewing techniques; and advice on finding a challenging internship. For each field,…

Big Data and the Liberal Conception of Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clayton, Matthew; Halliday, Daniel

2017-01-01

This article develops a perspective on big data in education, drawing on a broadly liberal conception of education's primary purpose. We focus especially on the rise of so-called learning analytics and the associated rise of digitization, which we evaluate according to the liberal view that education should seek to cultivate individuality and…

Artes Illiberales? The Four Myths of Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

O'Sullivan, Maurice

2009-01-01

The phrase "liberal education" has begun obliterating more precise and meaningful terms. At first the author assumed that in using it, those public intellectuals who regularly gather to redefine higher education or set benchmarks for it had merely found an abbreviated way of describing a liberal-arts education. After Jeffrey Nesteruk took the…

Prospects and Limits of Online Liberal Arts Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Einfeld, Aaron

2018-01-01

For centuries, educators and philosophers have explored the benefits that a broad liberal education can offer to individuals and societies. More recently, prominent educational leaders have continued to articulate the value of a liberal education in the digital age. In this article, the author presents the prospects and limits of online liberal…

Liberator or Occupier: Indigenous Allies Make the Difference

DTIC Science & Technology

2004-05-26

role of indigenous resistance forces in this vision. This clear vision must be articulated to the international community , local populace and...Liberator or Occupier: Indigenous Allies make the difference. A Monograph By Major Duke C. Shienle United States Army School of...Liberator or Occupier: Indigenous Allies make the difference. Approved by: ______________________________________________ Monograph Director LTC (P

Faculty practice in a small liberal arts college.

PubMed

Speziale, H J

2001-01-01

Small liberal arts colleges are challenged to find ways to participate in faculty practice. With limited access to large healthcare centers, small liberal arts colleges must create innovative faculty practice models. The author shares one college's experience in faculty practice that can be used by others, detailing practice development, funding, developmental challenges, and future goals.

Perspectives of Lecturers on Liberal Arts in Indonesia

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Malcolm, Matthew R.

2017-01-01

In the "Asian century," Asian liberal arts education is bucking the trend of its counterpart in the US, and is on the rise. This article considers the case study of one substantial faculty of liberal arts in Indonesia, in order to contribute to our understanding of this important phenomenon. Within the broader question of what…

Listening to "Car Talk" and Learning Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldstein, Warren

2004-01-01

In this article, Warren Goldstein, himself a college professor addresses a pair of radio talk show hosts, Tom and Ray, and their views on current topics such as environmental issues, cars, relationships between men and women, and specifically their criticisms of liberal arts programs. Tom and Ray have been critical of liberal arts because they…

Liberal Humanism and Its Effect on the Various Contemporary Educational Approaches

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yousefi, Zargham; Yousefy, Alireza; Keshtiaray, Narges

2015-01-01

Liberalism is one of the main western doctrines which have originated from the ideologies of ancient Greece. The concept of humanism has been under the influence of liberal ideas in different political, social, economic and especially educational field. Since the educational field concerned with liberal ideologies, the study of different factors…

Education Policy as Proto-Fascism: The Aesthetics of Racial Neo-Liberalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Webb, P. Taylor; Gulson, Kalervo N.

2011-01-01

We argue that neo-liberal educational policy has emerged as a proto-fascist governmentality. This contemporary technology relies on State racisms and racial orderings manifested from earlier liberal and neo-liberal practices of biopower. As a proto-fascist technology, education policy, and school choice policies in particular, operate within a…

Ranking Alaska moose nutrition: Signals to begin liberal antlerless harvests

USGS Publications Warehouse

Boertje, Rodney D.; Kellie, Kalin A.; Seaton, C. Tom; Keech, Mark A.; Young, Donald D.; Dale, Bruce W.; Adams, Layne G.; Aderman, Andrew R.

2007-01-01

rates in GMU 20A (sampled during 1960–2005) declined to <10% in the mid- to late 1990s, we began encouraging liberal antlerless harvests, but only conservative annual harvests of 61–76 antlerless moose were achieved during 1996–2001. Using data in the context of our broader ranking system, we convinced skeptical citizen advisory committees to allow liberal antlerless harvests of 600–690 moose in 2004 and 2005, with the objective of halting population growth of the 16,000–17,000 moose; total harvests were 7–8% of total prehunt numbers. The resulting liberal antlerless harvests served to protect the moose population's health and habitat and to fulfill a mandate for elevated yield. Liberal antlerless harvests appear justified to halt population growth when multiyear twinning rates average ≤10% and ≥1 of the following signals substantiate low nutritional status: <50% of 36-month-old moose are parturient, average multiyear short-yearling mass is <175 kg, or >35% of annual browse biomass is removed by moose.

A co-productive health leadership model to support the liberation of the NHS.

PubMed

Nicol, Edward; Sang, Bob

2011-02-01

Following the recent white paper - Equity and Excellence: Liberating the NHS - we need a 21st-century model of leadership in the NHS that re-focuses on the centrality of the relationship between clinicians and patients. This paper argues the case for co-productive 'Health Leadership' that can meet the challenges set by the current Big Society agenda, Darzi and Wanless, so that we achieve a sustainable, high quality NHS, fit for the 21st century.

Higher Education and Religious Liberalization among Young Adults

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mayrl, Damon; Uecker, Jeremy E.

2011-01-01

Going to college has long been assumed to liberalize students' religious beliefs. Using longitudinal data from the National Study of Youth and Religion, we compare change in the content of religious beliefs of those who do and do not attend college. We find that, in general, college students are no more likely to develop liberal religious beliefs…

The Making of the Liberal Arts College Identity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawkins, Hugh

1999-01-01

Chronicles the history of the liberal arts college in the United States from mid-19th century, identifying four periods: the 19th century, when establishment of liberal arts institutions brought new variety to higher education; 1900 to 1940, which saw development of this new collegiate model; 1940 to 1970, a period of confidence and challenges;…

Community College Non-Liberal Arts: Implications for Transferability.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ignash, Jan

To gain a more complete understanding of the community college curriculum, the Center for the Study of Community Colleges (CSCC), in Los Angeles, California, augmented its 1991 national study of liberal arts courses, with a 1992 study of non-liberal arts courses. Data were drawn from the same 164 community colleges that responded to the 1991…

A Research Career at a Liberal-Arts College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ghodsee, Kristen

2008-01-01

Many professors and graduate students finishing their Ph.D.'s at the University of California at Berkeley scoffed at the idea of a post at a liberal-arts college. To them it was considered an acceptable choice only if none of the jobs at research universities came through. Liberal-arts colleges were viewed merely as teaching institutions and did…

Millian Liberal Feminism Today.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tulloch, Gail

1989-01-01

It is proposed that John Stuart Mill's principles on liberal feminism are still relevant and have not yet been fully implemented. A Millian account of equality of opportunity and discrimination is developed, and current measures in the field of sexual equality are critiqued. (Author/MSE)

A Survey of the Foundations of Liberalism Axiology and Its Implications for Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Damiri, Hamid; Golestani, Hashem; Jafari, Seyed Ebrahim Mirshah

2015-01-01

The present study is an attempt to survey the foundation of liberalism axiology and its implications for education. To this end, educational viewpoints of liberal scholars including Locke, Smith, Hume, Kant, and Russell are examined along with an introduction to liberalism axiology. Additionally, the implications of liberalism for education from…

The Schism in Liberal Thought: A Transition from Social Liberalism to Socialism?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Childs, John Brown

1981-01-01

Studies the significance of the conservative victory in the 1980 election. Also evaluates the increasing support of conservative policies such as the dismantling of civil rights, women's rights, and environmental gains. Concludes that an important element in this drift to the right is the resurgence of laissez-faire liberalism. (DB)

Dewey's Liberalisms: Depression-Era Insights for the Great Recession

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rogers, John

2013-01-01

This article explores John Dewey's Depression-era analysis of "liberalism" in an effort to clarify our own neoliberal moment. As Dewey argues, liberalism is a term used in the 1930s to signify diverse and often contradictory meanings. It variously refers to a minimalist state aimed at unbinding markets (laissez-faire liberalism) or…

Conservatives report, but liberals display, greater happiness.

PubMed

Wojcik, Sean P; Hovasapian, Arpine; Graham, Jesse; Motyl, Matt; Ditto, Peter H

2015-03-13

Research suggesting that political conservatives are happier than political liberals has relied exclusively on self-report measures of subjective well-being. We show that this finding is fully mediated by conservatives' self-enhancing style of self-report (study 1; N = 1433) and then describe three studies drawing from "big data" sources to assess liberal-conservative differences in happiness-related behavior (studies 2 to 4; N = 4936). Relative to conservatives, liberals more frequently used positive emotional language in their speech and smiled more intensely and genuinely in photographs. Our results were consistent across large samples of online survey takers, U.S. politicians, Twitter users, and LinkedIn users. Our findings illustrate the nuanced relationship between political ideology, self-enhancement, and happiness and illuminate the contradictory ways that happiness differences can manifest across behavior and self-reports. Copyright © 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science.

Where Are They Now? Revisiting Breneman's Study of Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Vicki L.; Baldwin, Roger G.; Makker, Sumedha

2012-01-01

In 1990, David Breneman asked the provocative question, are we losing our liberal arts colleges? More than twenty years later, it is time to ask Breneman's question again: in 2012, what is the position of liberal arts colleges in the landscape of American higher education? The liberal arts college, a distinctively American institution, has been a…

Liberalizing Career Education: An Aristotelean Approach to Occupational Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hyslop-Margison, Emery J.

A proposed expanded conception of liberal education embraces occupational study by adopting Aristotle's idea of intellectual virtue. Liberal study in Aristotelean thought recognizes the significance of both theoretical and work-related knowledge. Contemporary career preparedness programs undermine the cognitive component of intellectual virtue,…

Human milk feeding supports adequate growth in infants

USDA-ARS?s Scientific Manuscript database

Despite current nutritional strategies, premature infants remain at high risk for extrauterine growth restriction. The use of an exclusive human milk-based diet is associated with decreased incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), but concerns exist about infants achieving adequate growth. The ...

Marxism and Liberation Theology.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hudelson, Richard

1986-01-01

Provides a concise summary of the main features of Marxism and challenges the thesis of the Vatican's "Instruction on Certain Aspects of the Theology of Liberation" that any use of Marxist categories or analysis entails a wholesale acceptance of Marxist philosophy, with its atheistic implications. (Author/ABB)

A Third Way: Integrating Liberal and Professional Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeland, Richard

2016-01-01

In this article, the author discusses Experiential Education and Liberal Learning. This topic has been on the mind of the author ever since he graduated from a liberal arts college many years ago and began his first real job, whereupon he discovered how much he did not know about putting his ideas to effective use in the world beyond academia. In…

The Limits of Civic Education: The Divergent Implications of Political and Comprehensive Liberalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fowler, Tim

2011-01-01

Education has become one of the foremost arenas in which political liberals attempt to differentiate their account from that of comprehensive liberals. Rawls posits that the requirements of his theory, as laid out in "Political Liberalism," will be far less stringent than those of liberals such as Kant, Mill or Joseph Raz. However, a number of…

A Comparative Study of the Liberal Arts Tradition and Confucian Tradition in Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cheng, Baoyan

2017-01-01

In contrast to the continued decline and bleak future of liberal arts education and liberal arts colleges in Europe and America, there has been a revival of the liberal arts model in Asian countries in recent years. This paper compares the liberal arts tradition of education in the West and Confucian tradition of education in the East, in the…

A liberation psychology approach to acculturative integration of migrant populations.

PubMed

García-Ramírez, Manuel; de la Mata, Manuel L; Paloma, Virginia; Hernández-Plaza, Sonia

2011-03-01

This paper describes an acculturative integration approach that stresses the contribution of liberation psychology. Immigrant integration is a challenge for receiving countries in the Western world due to the frequent asymmetrical and oppressive conditions suffered by newcomers in their new settlements. The cross-cultural perspective connects integration with psychological acculturation, emphasizing harmony between acquisitions of the new culture while maintaining cultural heritage, and creating opportunities for intergroup relationships. In turn, liberation psychology permits an understanding of the acculturative transition as an empowerment and self-construction process by which immigrants acquire a new vision of the world and of themselves, transforming both structural conditions and themselves. From this perspective we conceptualize acculturative integration as the process by which newcomers become an accepted part of the new society through a reflexive and evaluative process, changing their social references and position, rebuilding their social and personal resources, and achieving a new agency in coherence with their new challenges and goals. In this process, they acquire critical thinking about unequal conditions, gain capacities to respond to the inequalities, and take effective actions to confront them. We illustrate this process using the narratives of nine Moroccan women who are living in asymmetrical and oppressive local contexts in Andalusia, the southern-most region of Spain.

Best Practices for Career Centers at Liberal Arts Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Oatis-Skinner, Chris; Betz, Kim

1998-01-01

The Midwest Association of Colleges and Employers Liberal Arts and Sciences Group identifies practices for meeting four challenges faced by practitioners in career centers on liberal arts campuses. Ideas and suggestions are identified within the following categories: helping students assess job skills, involving faculty, assisting students with…

29 CFR 1620.34 - Rules to be liberally construed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION THE EQUAL PAY ACT § 1620.34 Rules to be liberally construed. (a) These rules and regulations shall be liberally construed to effectuate the purpose and provisions of this Act and any other Act administered by the...

The influence of liberal political ideology on nursing science.

PubMed

Browne, A J

2001-06-01

Previous notions of science as impartial and value-neutral have been refuted by contemporary views of science as influenced by social, political and ideological values. By locating nursing science in the dominant political ideology of liberalism, the author examines how nursing knowledge is influenced by liberal philosophical assumptions. The central tenets of liberal political philosophy - individualism, egalitarianism, freedom, tolerance, neutrality, and a free-market economy - are primarily manifested in relation to: (i) the individualistic focus of our science; (ii) our view of society as essentially egalitarian and equitable; (iii) our preference for politically neutral knowledge development, and (iv) an economy of knowledge development that supports rather than challenges the status quo. I argue that exposing, rather than ignoring, the liberal ideological values inherent in nursing science will render these assumptions open to debate, stimulate ongoing development of critically oriented knowledge, and increase our capacity to influence the social, political and economic determinants of health.

Shifting Liberal and Conservative Attitudes Using Moral Foundations Theory

PubMed Central

Day, Martin V.; Fiske, Susan T.; Downing, Emily L.; Trail, Thomas E.

2016-01-01

People’s social and political opinions are grounded in their moral concerns about right and wrong. We examine whether five moral foundations—harm, fairness, ingroup, authority, and purity—can influence political attitudes of liberals and conservatives across a variety of issues. Framing issues using moral foundations may change political attitudes in at least two possible ways: 1. Entrenching: relevant moral foundations will strengthen existing political attitudes when framing pro-attitudinal issues (e.g., conservatives exposed to a free-market economic stance). 2. Persuasion: mere presence of relevant moral foundations may also alter political attitudes in counter-attitudinal directions (e.g., conservatives exposed to an economic regulation stance). Studies 1 and 2 support the entrenching hypothesis. Relevant moral foundation-based frames bolstered political attitudes for conservatives (Study 1) and liberals (Study 2). Only Study 2 partially supports the persuasion hypothesis. Conservative-relevant moral frames of liberal issues increased conservatives’ liberal attitudes. PMID:25286912

Past-focused temporal communication overcomes conservatives' resistance to liberal political ideas.

PubMed

Lammers, Joris; Baldwin, Matt

2018-04-01

Nine studies and a meta-analysis test the role of past-focused temporal communication in reducing conservatives' disagreement with liberal political ideas. We propose that conservatives are more prone to warm, affectionate, and nostalgic feelings for past society. Therefore, they are more likely to support political ideas-including those expressing liberal values-that can be linked to a desirable past state (past focus), rather than a desirable future state (future focus) of society. Study 1 supports our prediction that political conservatives are more nostalgic for the past than liberals. Building on this association, we demonstrate that communicating liberal ideas with a past focus increases conservatives' support for leniency in criminal justice (Studies 2a and 2b), gun control (Study 3), immigration (Study 4), social diversity (Study 5), and social justice (Study 6). Communicating messages with a past focus reduced political disagreement (compared with a future focus) between liberals and conservatives by between 30 and 100% across studies. Studies 5 and 6 identify the mediating role of state and trait nostalgia, respectively. Study 7 shows that the temporal communication effect only occurs under peripheral (and not central) information processing. Study 8 shows that the effect is asymmetric; a future focus did not increase liberals' support for conservative ideas. A mixed-effects meta-analysis across all studies confirms that appealing to conservatives' nostalgia with a past-focused temporal focus increases support for liberal political messages (Study 9). A large portion of the political disagreement between conservatives and liberals appears to be disagreement over style, and not content of political issues. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).

Liberal rationalism and medical decision-making.

PubMed

Savulescu, Julian

1997-04-01

I contrast Robert Veatch's recent liberal vision of medical decision-making with a more rationalist liberal model. According to Veatch, physicians are biased in their determination of what is in their patient's overall interests in favour of their medical interests. Because of the extent of this bias, we should abandon the practice of physicians offering what they guess to be the best treatment option. Patients should buddy up with physicians who share the same values -- 'deep value pairing'. The goal of choice is maximal promotion of patient values. I argue that if subjectivism about value and valuing is true, this move is plausible. However, if objectivism about value is true -- that there really are states which are good for people regardless of whether they desire to be in them -- then we should accept a more rationalist liberal alternative. According to this alternative, what is required to decide which course is best is rational dialogue between physicians and patients, both about the patient's circumstances and her values, and not the seeking out of people, physicians or others, who share the same values. Rational discussion requires that physicians be reasonable and empathic. I describe one possible account of a reasonable physician.

Management Education and the Liberal Arts at Babson College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Handler, Edward; Sorenson, Ralph Z.

1979-01-01

The experience of Babson College of integrating liberal arts into a school of management program is presented through three phases of development culminating with a second master plan formulated in 1975. The liberal arts are seen as making a vital contribution to a broad preparation for managerial responsibility. (JMF)

Ideology Spotting: An Exercise in Teaching Conservatism and Liberalism

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Plazek, David J.

2012-01-01

It has long been lamented that Americans do not comprehend conservative and liberal ideologies and the associated policy preferences for each perspective (and the reasoning behind the associations). This research seeks to contribute to the teaching of conservatism and liberalism by creating a heuristic outlining six general characteristics for…

The Search for American Liberal Education: Liberal Education and the American Context

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wong, Frank F.

2014-01-01

When Charles William Eliot launched his radical reforms at Harvard in the late 1870s, he was convinced that the fixed curriculum, based on English liberal education models, was ill suited to the democratic spirit, the cultural diversity, and the rapidly changing circumstances in America. Seventy years later, in a post-World War II climate of…

a Redefinition of Liberal and Humanistic Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Aloni, Nimrod

1997-01-01

This article aims to integrate and reach beyond three distinct discourses on humanistic and liberal education: the philosophical-curricular, the historical, and the highly politicized debate between conservative and radical educational theorists. It will be argued that humanistic education can be classified into four forms -- classical, romantic, existentialist, and radical -- and that they should be viewed as complementing rather than negating each other. Finally, an integrative model of humanistic and liberal education will be offered, one whose foundational principles are acculturation, autonomy, and authenticity.

Science and the Ideals of Liberal Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Carson, Robert N.

This article examines the influence of mathematics and science on the formation of culture. It then examines several definitions of liberal education, including the notion that languages and fields of study constitute the substrate of articulate intelligence. Finally, it examines the linkages between science, scientific culture, liberal education, and democracy, and proposes that science cannot be taught merely as a body of facts and theories, but must be presented to students as integral with cultural studies. The use of a contextualist approach to science education is recommended.

Safety in the Classroom: Safeguarding Liberal Arts Education from the Neo-Liberal Threat

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dylan, Arielle

2012-01-01

This article examines the elusive concept of safety in liberal arts classrooms which are often contoured by a plurality of social, cultural, political, psychological, historical, and discursive forces and performances. Using select principles from adult education and social work with groups as an organizing metaphor, the article discusses the…

Liberals and conservatives can show similarities in negativity bias.

PubMed

Brandt, Mark J; Wetherell, Geoffrey; Reyna, Christine

2014-06-01

Negativity bias may underlie the development of political ideologies, but liberals and conservatives are likely to respond to threats similarly. We review evidence from research on intolerance, motivated reasoning, and basic psychological threats that suggest liberals and conservatives are more similar than different when confronting threatening groups, situations, and information.

Women's Religious Education: Liberation or Socialization? A Case Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowman, Lorna M. A.

1993-01-01

Describes the efforts of Cornelia Peacock Connelly to establish Roman Catholic teacher training schools and schools for poor, working girls in England. Questions whether or not religious education within a specific tradition can be liberating or merely socialization. Concludes that both liberation and socialization were the result of her efforts.…

Learning and Liberal Education: The Case of the Simon Family, 1912-1939

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCulloch, Gary; Woodin, Tom

2010-01-01

Ernest and Shena Simon were leading liberal thinkers and activists in early twentieth-century England who were committed to preparing their children for public life by educating them in liberal values and active citizenship. They produced two sons, Roger and Brian, and a daughter, Antonia (Tony). Their "liberal education", and the…

Physical Education, Liberal Education and the Leaving Certificate Examination

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mulcahy, D. G.

2012-01-01

This article considers the conceptualization of physical education as a Leaving Certificate Examination subject and the place of physical education in a liberal education. Special attention is given to the conceptual evolution of physical education and its intrinsic educational values and to the developments in the idea of a liberal education over…

Valuing at Alverno: The Valuing Process in Liberal Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Earley, Margaret; And Others

A project at Alverno College, a Catholic liberal arts college for women, that focuses on the way liberal education can enhance the undergraduate student's growth in ethical perception, moral reasoning, and related abilities, is described. Attention is directed to how commitment to this project began 10 years ago and to general philosophic and…

Assessing Community College Student Knowledge in the Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Arthur M.; Schuetz, Pam; Chang, June C.; Plecha, Michelle D.

This paper describes an assessment of community college student knowledge in the liberal arts at two-year colleges in Southern California. A survey instrument with multiple choice questions covering five liberal arts subject areas was distributed to 4,200 students in randomly selected classes at ten colleges. More than 2,500 questionnaires were…

Is the Liberal Defense of Public Schools a Fantasy?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Merry, Michael S.; New, William S.

2017-01-01

In this paper, we offer a Leftist critique of standard liberal defenses of the public school. We suggest that the standard arguments employed by mainstream liberal defenders of the public school are generally inadequate because they fail to provide a credible representation of their historical object, let alone effective remedies to our current…

Lessons in Success: A Multi-Campus Study of Factors Influencing Academic Accomplishment among High-Achieving African American Students at Private Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Johnson, Ryan A.

2013-01-01

The purpose of this study was to explore the academic experiences of highly successful African-American male graduates of small, private liberal arts colleges using a qualitative approach. Fourteen highly successful alumni from selective, private colleges were purposefully selected for the study, including seven African-American males and seven…

What Future for Student Engagement in Neo-Liberal Times?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zepke, Nick

2015-01-01

The paper first examines the context that has given student engagement a very strong profile in higher education. It identifies neo-liberalism as the driving force in the present higher education context and argues that student engagement enjoys an elective affinity with it. While neo-liberalism is dominant, student engagement will be strong. But…

The Intrinsic Value of the Liberal Arts: Cicero's Example

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wintrol, Kate

2014-01-01

The liberal arts, first described in Republican Rome, have been a component of higher education since the advent of the medieval university in the eleventh century. Despite such historical lineage, the value of a liberal arts education is continuously and publicly called into question, and this is a special problem for honors programs, most of…

Post Neo-Liberalism and the Humanities: What the Repressive State Apparatus Means for Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hyslop-Margison, Emery J.; Leonard, Hugh A.

2012-01-01

In this article we explore how neo-liberal and post neo-liberal policies threaten the humanities in post-secondary education as a potential site of democratic dialogue and social transformation. We distinguish between neo-liberalism and post neo-liberalism on the basis of the latter's increased police suppression of democratic dissent. We are…

The school: liberator or censurer?

PubMed

Campbell-Smith, M

1983-01-01

The community is faced with an increasing number of children suffering from social and emotional difficulties. As all children attend school, this is a highly suitable place to examine possible means of identifying and helping children suffering from social and emotional difficulties. For the last 20 years most schools have lagged in their adjustment to the full range of needs of students. They act as a censurer by: domination of academic requirements causing many to fail; failure to meet the expressed needs of children; inadequate teacher training; too little help given to children and often too late; uncoordinated assistance within the school or with community agencies; and by not reducing peer abuse. The school can play a significant role in child development, but for the child with adjustment difficulties coherent assistance is rarely offered. The school can liberate by: recognition of the needs of non-academic children; recognition of the affective needs of all; providing affective training for selected teachers; giving appropriate curriculum time for a programme in personal growth and social relationships; by developing a multidisciplinary community agency which interacts with the school. A model is proposed outlining how effective intervention will break and prevent the cycle of abusive behaviour. This programme proceeds sequentially through each grade. Basically it is one of effective student group interaction in the presence of a specially selected and trained group leader. Such a programme contributes to change in school philosophy, and increases the possibility of the child becoming a more adequate adult/parent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The Continuous Death and Resurrection of the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Norman

2016-01-01

The death of the "liberal arts," however defined, is a motif of lament in American higher education. It became a popular leitmotif in the late nineteenth century. Over the past century, there have been heated debates about the future of the liberal arts curriculum, mostly based in a narrative of decline from a golden age just beyond the…

Liberty, Authority, and Character Cultivation: John Stuart Mill's Revised Liberal Theories.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Ki Su

1988-01-01

The article examines educational changes recommended by Mill in his liberal political theories to point out some of the attempts of liberals to adjust themselves to changing historical circumstances. (CB)

Rewards: Knowledge and Liberation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Logan, Carolyn

Part of the reward for expository college English papers is, of course, letter grades, but careful writing offers two greater rewards: knowledge and liberation. Teachers can best motivate students to write by seeing to it that the writing they assign teaches and challenges, and by assigning topics that are important to students but ones that they…

The moral stereotypes of liberals and conservatives: exaggeration of differences across the political spectrum.

PubMed

Graham, Jesse; Nosek, Brian A; Haidt, Jonathan

2012-01-01

We investigated the moral stereotypes political liberals and conservatives have of themselves and each other. In reality, liberals endorse the individual-focused moral concerns of compassion and fairness more than conservatives do, and conservatives endorse the group-focused moral concerns of ingroup loyalty, respect for authorities and traditions, and physical/spiritual purity more than liberals do. 2,212 U.S. participants filled out the Moral Foundations Questionnaire with their own answers, or as a typical liberal or conservative would answer. Across the political spectrum, moral stereotypes about "typical" liberals and conservatives correctly reflected the direction of actual differences in foundation endorsement but exaggerated the magnitude of these differences. Contrary to common theories of stereotyping, the moral stereotypes were not simple underestimations of the political outgroup's morality. Both liberals and conservatives exaggerated the ideological extremity of moral concerns for the ingroup as well as the outgroup. Liberals were least accurate about both groups.

The Moral Stereotypes of Liberals and Conservatives: Exaggeration of Differences across the Political Spectrum

PubMed Central

Graham, Jesse; Nosek, Brian A.; Haidt, Jonathan

2012-01-01

We investigated the moral stereotypes political liberals and conservatives have of themselves and each other. In reality, liberals endorse the individual-focused moral concerns of compassion and fairness more than conservatives do, and conservatives endorse the group-focused moral concerns of ingroup loyalty, respect for authorities and traditions, and physical/spiritual purity more than liberals do. 2,212 U.S. participants filled out the Moral Foundations Questionnaire with their own answers, or as a typical liberal or conservative would answer. Across the political spectrum, moral stereotypes about “typical” liberals and conservatives correctly reflected the direction of actual differences in foundation endorsement but exaggerated the magnitude of these differences. Contrary to common theories of stereotyping, the moral stereotypes were not simple underestimations of the political outgroup's morality. Both liberals and conservatives exaggerated the ideological extremity of moral concerns for the ingroup as well as the outgroup. Liberals were least accurate about both groups. PMID:23251357

Liberal bias and the five-factor model.

PubMed

Charney, Evan

2015-01-01

Duarte et al. draw attention to the "embedding of liberal values and methods" in social psychological research. They note how these biases are often invisible to the researchers themselves. The authors themselves fall prey to these "invisible biases" by utilizing the five-factor model of personality and the trait of openness to experience as one possible explanation for the under-representation of political conservatives in social psychology. I show that the manner in which the trait of openness to experience is conceptualized and measured is a particularly blatant example of the very liberal bias the authors decry.

Rethinking immigration policy theory beyond 'Western liberal democracies'.

PubMed

Natter, Katharina

2018-01-01

How do political systems shape immigration policy-making? Explicitly or implicitly, comparative politics and migration policy theories suggest a 'regime effect' that links specific dynamics of immigration policy to liberal democracy. The literature's dominant focus on so-called 'Western liberal democracies', however, has left the 'regime effect' largely untested and research on variations and similarities in immigration policymaking across political systems strikingly undertheorized. This paper challenges the theoretical usefulness of essentialist, dichotomous categories such as Western/non-Western or democratic/autocratic and calls for a more nuanced theorizing of immigration policy-making. It proposes a two-dimensional classification of immigration policy theories, distinguishing between 'issue-specific' theories that capture immigration policy processes regardless of the political system in place and 'regime-specific' theories whose insights are tied to the characteristics of a political system. The paper also advances the 'illiberal paradox' hypothesis to explain why illiberal, autocratic states may enact liberal immigration policies. This theoretical expansion beyond the 'Western' and 'liberal' bubble is illustrated by an analysis of immigration policy-making in 21st century Morocco and Tunisia. Showing how domestic and international institutions, interests, and ideas shape immigration policy-making in Morocco's monarchy and Tunisia's democratic transition, the paper investigates the broader role of political systems in immigration politics and herewith seeks to contribute to a more general and global theorization of immigration policies.

Beyond Survival in the 1980s for Liberal Arts Colleges.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blecker, Michael

1980-01-01

Strict adherence to the mission of a church-related liberal arts college is seen as a viable approach to the 1980s. Trends to discredit the liberal arts, to use departmentalization to cope with knowledge, and to encroach on the college's domain with electronic advances are discussed. (Author/MLW)

Patterns in Liberal Arts Curricula: A Survey of Program Models.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kolling, Orland W.

Characteristics of liberal arts education and different approaches to educational modeling are examined. Attention is directed to: applications of graphic depictions; Venn-Euler diagrams to represent inclusion-exclusion phenomena as well as areas of commonality in learning processes and liberal education; the uses of flow charts for describing…

Systems Alignment for Comprehensive Faculty Development in Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Baker, Vicki L.; Lunsford, Laura G.; Pifer, Meghan J.

2015-01-01

Using an alignment framework, the authors explore faculty development initiatives in liberal arts colleges in order to understand the connection between organizational priorities and processes as connected to faculty members' stated needs. The study draws on mixed-methods data from The Initiative for Faculty Development in Liberal Arts Colleges…

The Teaching of Liberal Arts in Internal Medicine Residency Training.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Povar, Gail J.; Keith, Karla J.

1984-01-01

A survey on the teaching of liberal arts in internal medicine residency programs and the importance of liberal arts to the practice of medicine is discussed. Law and organization of the health care system as well as economics and bioethics were rated as essential to medical practice. (Author/MLW)

Trade liberalization, social policies and health: an empirical case study.

PubMed

McNamara, Courtney

2015-10-12

This study investigates the health impacts of a major liberalization episode in the textile and clothing (T&C) sector. This episode triggered substantial shifts in employment across a wide range of countries. It is the first study to empirically link trade liberalization to health via changes in employment and offers some of the first empirical insights on how trade liberalization interacts with social policies to influence health. Data from 32 T&C reliant countries were analysed in reference to the pre- and post-liberalization periods of 2000-2004 and 2005-2009. Fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was used to examine the association between countries' a) level of development b) labour market and welfare state protections c) T&C employment changes and d) changes in adult female and infant mortality rates. Process tracing was used to further investigate these associations through twelve in-depth country studies. Results from the fsQCA relate changes in employment after the phase-out to both changing adult female and infant mortality rates. Findings from the in-depth country studies suggest that the worsening of adult female mortality rates is related to workers' lack of social protection, both in the context of T&C employment growth and loss. Overall, it is found that social protection is often inaccessible to the type of workers who may be the most vulnerable to processes of liberalization and that many workers are particularly vulnerable due to the structure of social protection policies. Social policies are therefore found to both moderate pathways to health and influence the type of health-related pathways resulting from trade liberalizing policies.

Reconsideration of Rorty's View of the Liberal Ironist and Its Implications for Postmodern Civic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kwak, Duck-Joo

2004-01-01

There have been persistent criticisms of Rorty's "liberal ironist" as the postmodern picture of the educated in the liberal utopia. While the modernist (Enlightenment) liberal Thomas McCarthy, who believes in universal rationality as the basis of public morality, criticizes Rorty's view of the liberal ironist for fostering the poverty of public…

Virtual water flows and trade liberalization.

PubMed

Ramirez-Vallejo, J; Rogers, P

2004-01-01

The linkages between agricultural trade and water resources need to be identified and analyzed to better understand the potential impacts that a full liberalization, or lack thereof, will have on water resources. This paper examines trade of virtual water embodied in agricultural products for most countries of the world. The main purpose of the paper, however, is to examine the impact of trade liberalization on virtual-water trade in the future. Based on a simulation of global agricultural trade, a scenario of full liberalization of agriculture was used to assess the net effect of virtual water flows from the relocation of meat and cereals' trade. The paper also identifies the main reasons behind the changes in the magnitude and direction of the net virtual water trade over time, and shows that virtual water trade flows are independent of water resource endowments, contrary to what the Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem states. Finally, based on a formal model, some input demand functions at the country level are estimated. The estimates of the income and agricultural support elasticities of demand for import of virtual water have the expected sign, and are statistically significant. Variables found to have some explanatory power of the variance of virtual water imports are average income; population; agriculture as value added; irrigated area, and exports of goods and services.

Liberation Theology in Central America. Liberation Theology and the Marxist Sociology of Religion. CLIC Papers

DTIC Science & Technology

1989-06-01

Roman stoic philosopher Seneca . He deduced that because Philon had made the fusion between the Hebrew tradition and the rationalist Greek philosophy...the Third World or in the industrial capitalist societies. The ultimate tragedy of the social movement that follows liberation theology has been the

Application of the Newell liberal arts model for interdisciplinary course design and implementation.

PubMed

Haas, Barbara Ann; Sheehan, Judith M; Stone, Jennie Ann M; Hammer-Beem, Marji J

2009-10-01

Health professions faculty think that interdisciplinary education is critical for students pursuing careers as health care professionals. Initial attempts at interdisciplinary education by simply combining students into groups without adequate curriculum adaptation, preparation, and planning have been ineffective. Applying the liberal arts interdisciplinary model, developed by William Newell, a transdisciplinary faculty team in the College of Health Professions of the University of New England identified the course content, design, and instructional processes necessary to create an interdisciplinary elective course. The eight-step model and how it was applied to the development of an ethics course for seven different health care professional disciplines is presented. The result of this applied design approach was a course that assisted the transition of health care professional students previously accustomed to studying and working within their own discipline to communicate, cooperate, and collaborate across discipline-specific lines. Copyright 2009, SLACK Incorporated.

Transnational pharmaceutical corporations and neo-liberal business ethics in India.

PubMed

D'Mello, Bernard

2002-03-01

The author critiques the expedient application of market valuation principles by the transnational corporations and other large firms in the Indian pharmaceutical industry on a number of issues like patents, pricing, irrational drugs, clinical trials, etc. He contends that ethics in business is chiseled and etched within the confines of particular social structures of accumulation. An ascendant neo-liberal social structure of accumulation has basically shaped these firms' sharp opposition to the Indian Patents Act, 1970, government administered pricing, etc. The author contents that the practice of neo-liberal economics is strongly associated with a "one-dimensional" ethics that privileges market valuation principles over all others. This seems to inevitably generate a social counter-movement that struggles for social protections. He critiques neo-liberal business practices from a perspective that derives from the work of the economic anthropologist Karl Polanyi. Before the present phase of liberalization in India, markets were "managed", but without a "welfare state" in place. Moving toward deregulation of the markets without a welfare state in place is unethical. Keeping the debilities of the institutional framework of public policy in mind, the author adopts a Polanyian perspective that places its trust and hope in the growing social legitimacy of the counter-movement in opposition to both neo-liberal business practices and the degenerate behavior of state agencies.

Trade liberalization and social determinants of health: A state of the literature review.

PubMed

McNamara, Courtney

2017-03-01

The health impacts of trade liberalization are often described in relation to access to medicines, changing dietary patterns, tobacco use and alcohol consumption. The impacts of trade liberalization on the social determinants of health (SDH), are by contrast, less well known. Missing is an account of how liberalizing processes identified across different research areas relate to each other and how the association between trade liberalization and health is conceptualized within each of them, especially with reference to SDH. This paper presents a systematic review which provides a more complete picture of the pathways between trade liberalization and health, with special attention to SDH pathways. This picture captures the interrelationships between different areas of investigation, along with current limitations of our understanding and recommendations for future research. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Shooting the Gap: Engaging Today's Faculty in the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moore, Dennis Damon

2006-01-01

In this article, the author discusses the issues on the impression of today's students towards liberal education. Results found that, students did not have a working definition of a liberal education and did not spontaneously value the outcomes of such an education. Consequently, students tend to focus on specific course-oriented outcomes; and…

Liberalism: Notes on a Concept for Educators and Educational Researchers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooley, Aaron

2009-01-01

This paper investigates the history and concept of liberalism from its first uses to its most modern incarnations. The paper aims to serve as a primer for educators and educational researchers to better understand liberalism and its place as a foundational and controversial discourse in politics, social science, and education. Through reference to…

Current strategies for the restoration of adequate lordosis during lumbar fusion

PubMed Central

Barrey, Cédric; Darnis, Alice

2015-01-01

Not restoring the adequate lumbar lordosis during lumbar fusion surgery may result in mechanical low back pain, sagittal unbalance and adjacent segment degeneration. The objective of this work is to describe the current strategies and concepts for restoration of adequate lordosis during fusion surgery. Theoretical lordosis can be evaluated from the measurement of the pelvic incidence and from the analysis of spatial organization of the lumbar spine with 2/3 of the lordosis given by the L4-S1 segment and 85% by the L3-S1 segment. Technical aspects involve patient positioning on the operating table, release maneuvers, type of instrumentation used (rod, screw-rod connection, interbody cages), surgical sequence and the overall surgical strategy. Spinal osteotomies may be required in case of fixed kyphotic spine. AP combined surgery is particularly efficient in restoring lordosis at L5-S1 level and should be recommended. Finally, not one but several strategies may be used to achieve the need for restoration of adequate lordosis during fusion surgery. PMID:25621216

7 CFR 3017.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 7 Agriculture 15 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 3017.900 Section 3017.900 Agriculture Regulations of the Department of Agriculture (Continued) OFFICE OF THE CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER... Adequate evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a...

Language as a Liberal Art.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stein, Jack M.

Language, considered as a liberal art, is examined in the light of other philosophical viewpoints concerning the nature of language in relation to second language instruction in this paper. Critical of an earlier mechanistic audio-lingual learning theory, translation approaches to language learning, vocabulary list-oriented courses, graduate…

The Liberal Arts Student--A Sphinx in the Land of Academe?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zingg, Paul J.

1980-01-01

Although the liberal arts curriculum has many defenders, it is seen as needing believers. To make the liberal arts credible for students and others, programs and research that show the concrete value of this education must be actively supported. (Author/MLW)

29 CFR 98.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Adequate evidence. 98.900 Section 98.900 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 98.900 Adequate evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a...

29 CFR 98.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Adequate evidence. 98.900 Section 98.900 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 98.900 Adequate evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a...

29 CFR 98.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 29 Labor 1 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Adequate evidence. 98.900 Section 98.900 Labor Office of the Secretary of Labor GOVERNMENTWIDE DEBARMENT AND SUSPENSION (NONPROCUREMENT) Definitions § 98.900 Adequate evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a...

A History of the Liberal Arts Computer Science Consortium and Its Model Curricula

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bruce, Kim B.; Cupper, Robert D.; Scot Drysdale, Robert L.

2010-01-01

With the support of a grant from the Sloan Foundation, nine computer scientists from liberal arts colleges came together in October, 1984 to form the Liberal Arts Computer Science Consortium (LACS) and to create a model curriculum appropriate for liberal arts colleges. Over the years the membership has grown and changed, but the focus has remained…

Describing the Non-Liberal Arts Community College Curriculum. ERIC Digest.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ignash, Jan

While national trends in liberal arts course offerings in community colleges have been charted for many years, trends in non-liberal courses have not been similarly mapped. In an effort to gain a better understanding of the entire community college curriculum, the Center for the Study of Community Colleges (CSCC), in Los Angeles, California,…

Neo-Liberalism in British Columbia Education and Teachers' Union Resistance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poole, Wendy

2007-01-01

Since the election of the Campbell government in 2001, teachers have experienced heightened conflict with the provincial government. An analysis of the discourse and power relations between the BC Teachers' Federation (BCTF) and government reveals a neo-liberal agenda on the part of government and anti-neo-liberalism on the part of the BCTF.…

What Happened to the Liberal Arts?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hanson, Chad

2013-01-01

This chapter describes some of the forces that worked to move the 2-year college away from the liberal arts and toward vocational programs. The analysis centers on agencies that made job training a priority.

Trade liberalization and the diet transition: a public health response.

PubMed

Rayner, Geof; Hawkes, Corinna; Lang, Tim; Bello, Walden

2006-12-01

Trade liberalization remains at the forefront of debates around globalization, particularly around the impact on agriculture and food. These debates, which often focus on how poorer countries can 'trade their way' out of poverty, pay limited attention to dietary health, especially in the light of the WHO's Global Strategy for Diet, Physical Activity and Health (2004), which warned that future health burdens will be increasingly determined by diet-related chronic diseases. This article examines the diet transition as the absent factor within debates on liberalizing trade and commerce. We describe the evolution of trade agreements, noting those relevant to food. We review the association between trade liberalization and changes in the global dietary and disease profile. We illustrate some of the complex linkages between trade liberalization and the 'diet transition', illustrated by factors such as foreign direct investment, supermarketization and cultural change. Finally, we offer three scenarios for change, suggesting the need for more effective 'food governance' and engagement by public health advocates in policy making in the food and agriculture arena.

The teaching of liberal arts in internal medicine residency training.

PubMed

Povar, G J; Keith, K J

1984-09-01

Forty-four members of the Association of Program Directors in Internal Medicine and 58 members of the Society for Research and Education in Primary Care Internal Medicine completed questionnaires on the teaching of liberal arts in internal medicine residency programs and the importance of liberal arts to the practice of medicine. They rated economics of medical care and bioethics as essential to residency training. Law and organization of the health care system as well as economics and bioethics were rated as essential to medical practice. Although there was great variability in the curricula represented, over 40 percent of the respondents reported having formal lecture and/or seminar exposure to these topics in their programs. Problems encountered in implementing liberal arts programs included lack of curriculum time, limited-faculty members, and a lack of interest on the part of residents. There is a need both to arrive at a consensus among residency directors and to explore means of developing interdisciplinary faculties if the liberal arts are to form an established part of internal medicine residency training.

2 CFR 180.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 180.900 Section 180.900 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF... Adequate evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a...

2 CFR 180.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 180.900 Section 180.900 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF... Adequate evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a...

Riding the Kondratieff Wave with the Liberal Arts and Sciences.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hawley, John B.

The major elements of the Schumpeterian schema are examined, and events in the development of higher education in the United States are plotted on the Kondratieff Waves, with special reference to the evolution of liberal education and the sciences. It is suggested that the liberal arts, which had great impact in the 17th century, declined after…

Neoconservatism and Leo Strauss: The Place of a Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

York, J. G.

2008-01-01

This paper is concerned with the work of Leo Strauss, specifically his two essays on liberal education. Strauss is often claimed to be a founding thinker of neoconservatism and while much scholarship has been produced analyzing his work, very little discusses his essays on liberal education and how these fit within his larger project. This essay…

Multiculturalism and the American Liberal Arts College: Faculty Perceptions of the Role of Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aleman, Ana M. Martinez; Salkever, Katya

2004-01-01

The incompatibility of American liberal education and multiculturalism ground this qualitative study. Given this assertion and that teaching and learning is central to the liberal educational mission, we explore faculty perceptions of the relationship between multiculturalism and liberal educational pedagogy. The findings of this study suggest…

PA Student Achievement Rises for 8th Straight Year: 2010 Student Achievement Fast Facts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pennsylvania Department of Education, 2010

2010-01-01

This paper presents some facts about Pennsylvania's student achievement for 2010. These facts are: (1) Eighty two percent of Pennsylvania schools are meeting all of their Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) targets--up from 78% of schools last year; (2) Pennsylvania students exceed state academic goals and achieve double digit gains since 2002; (3)…

Liberalism, Radicalism, and Self-Governing Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Swartz, Ronald

1978-01-01

Contrasts Karl Popper's theory of social reform with a Marxist theory of reform. Concludes that a liberal approach to educational reform, as exemplified by A.S. Neill's self-governing school at Summerhill, is generally more satisfactory. (Author/DB)

Study-Discussion in the Liberal Arts. Studies in Adult Group Learning in the Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaplan, Abbott

Three Liberal Arts Centers in Los Angeles, Pasadena, and Whittier, California, sponsored by The Fund for Adult Education, were evaluated on the effectiveness of discussion groups in World Affairs Are Your Affairs; An Introduction to Humanities; Ways of Mankind; and World Politics. Data were collected from personal interviews with a random…

Augustine and the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kenyon, Erik

2013-01-01

In an early dialogue, "On Order", Augustine sets out a program for thinking about thinking. Through such reflections, students attain self-knowledge and prepare for philosophical inquiry. The liberal arts are useful for this project, insofar as they provide opportunities for thinking, yet they are not ultimately necessary. I suggest that "On…

A Career at a Small Liberal Arts College.

PubMed

Punt, Jennifer

2017-10-03

A career as a tenure-track professor at a liberal arts college provides the opportunity to combine serious interests in teaching with research. The basic goals of the liberal arts institution are to educate the student broadly while encouraging mastery of a particular area of interest. Preparing for such a career requires not only a commitment to teaching but also a productive PhD and postdoctoral experience, regardless of the expectations for active research within the job. The application and interview processes require one to be informed, flexible, energetic, and clear-in writing and in speaking. Establishing an invigorating teaching and research program will allow you to balance realism and ambition as you find a way to bring the best science to the undergraduate setting. The exposure to students whose thinking is often more unfettered and creative, and to colleagues whose scholarships span many disciplines, makes a position at a liberal arts college one of the most intellectually stimulating careers available to a scientist. Copyright © 2017 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press; all rights reserved.

Liberal Arts Colleges and Good Practices in Undergraduate Education: Additional Evidence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Seifert, Tricia A.; Pascarella, Ernest T.; Goodman, Kathleen M.; Salisbury, Mark H.; Blaich, Charles F.

2010-01-01

Liberal arts colleges have prided themselves on providing students with a quality undergraduate education among a scholarly community who are interested in their holistic development. Past research has found students who attended liberal arts colleges more frequently experienced Chickering and Gamson's (1987, 1991) good practices in undergraduate…

Population Policies and Education: Exploring the Contradictions of Neo-Liberal Globalisation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bovill, Catherine; Leppard, Margaret

2006-01-01

The world is increasingly characterised by profound income, health and social inequalities (Appadurai, 2000). In recent decades development initiatives aimed at reducing these inequalities have been situated in a context of increasing globalisation with a dominant neo-liberal economic orthodoxy. This paper argues that neo-liberal globalisation…

Restrictive versus Liberal Fluid Therapy for Major Abdominal Surgery.

PubMed

Myles, Paul S; Bellomo, Rinaldo; Corcoran, Tomas; Forbes, Andrew; Peyton, Philip; Story, David; Christophi, Chris; Leslie, Kate; McGuinness, Shay; Parke, Rachael; Serpell, Jonathan; Chan, Matthew T V; Painter, Thomas; McCluskey, Stuart; Minto, Gary; Wallace, Sophie

2018-05-09

Background Guidelines to promote the early recovery of patients undergoing major surgery recommend a restrictive intravenous-fluid strategy for abdominal surgery. However, the supporting evidence is limited, and there is concern about impaired organ perfusion. Methods In a pragmatic, international trial, we randomly assigned 3000 patients who had an increased risk of complications while undergoing major abdominal surgery to receive a restrictive or liberal intravenous-fluid regimen during and up to 24 hours after surgery. The primary outcome was disability-free survival at 1 year. Key secondary outcomes were acute kidney injury at 30 days, renal-replacement therapy at 90 days, and a composite of septic complications, surgical-site infection, or death. Results During and up to 24 hours after surgery, 1490 patients in the restrictive fluid group had a median intravenous-fluid intake of 3.7 liters (interquartile range, 2.9 to 4.9), as compared with 6.1 liters (interquartile range, 5.0 to 7.4) in 1493 patients in the liberal fluid group (P<0.001). The rate of disability-free survival at 1 year was 81.9% in the restrictive fluid group and 82.3% in the liberal fluid group (hazard ratio for death or disability, 1.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.88 to 1.24; P=0.61). The rate of acute kidney injury was 8.6% in the restrictive fluid group and 5.0% in the liberal fluid group (P<0.001). The rate of septic complications or death was 21.8% in the restrictive fluid group and 19.8% in the liberal fluid group (P=0.19); rates of surgical-site infection (16.5% vs. 13.6%, P=0.02) and renal-replacement therapy (0.9% vs. 0.3%, P=0.048) were higher in the restrictive fluid group, but the between-group difference was not significant after adjustment for multiple testing. Conclusions Among patients at increased risk for complications during major abdominal surgery, a restrictive fluid regimen was not associated with a higher rate of disability-free survival than a liberal fluid regimen and

Employing Liberative Pedagogies in Engineering Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Riley, Donna

2003-01-01

Motivates the use of feminist, critical, and radical pedagogies in engineering education and presents their application in an engineering thermodynamics course. Discusses assessment approaches and the limitations of liberative pedagogies in an engineering context. (Contains 40 references.) (Author/NB)

Student perceptions of the links between nursing and the liberal arts.

PubMed

Peck, M L; Jennings, S

1989-11-01

This article examines the extent to which nursing students are aware of the importance of liberal arts in their professional education. Based on a survey of nursing students and alumnae from a small, New York state college, the project further explored the channels through which they became aware of the significant links between these two aspects of their education. One finding is that nursing students give a relatively high weight to the importance of the liberal arts in their total learning process. The more important conclusion is that students, on the whole, believe that they have made the links between liberal arts and nursing themselves. To the extent that other agents help forge these links, the most important seem to be nursing labs and clinicals, other nursing students, and nursing texts and modules. Students perceive that nursing faculty help draw links more often than liberal arts faculty, but neither rank very high.

A Neurology of the Conservative-Liberal Dimension of Political Ideology.

PubMed

Mendez, Mario F

2017-01-01

Differences in political ideology are a major source of human disagreement and conflict. There is increasing evidence that neurobiological mechanisms mediate individual differences in political ideology through effects on a conservative-liberal axis. This review summarizes personality, evolutionary and genetic, cognitive, neuroimaging, and neurological studies of conservatism-liberalism and discusses how they might affect political ideology. What emerges from this highly variable literature is evidence for a normal right-sided "conservative-complex" involving structures sensitive to negativity bias, threat, disgust, and avoidance. This conservative-complex may be damaged with brain disease, sometimes leading to a pathological "liberal shift" or a reduced tendency to conservatism in political ideology. Although not deterministic, these findings recommend further research on politics and the brain.

Bridging graduate education in public health and the liberal arts.

PubMed

Aelion, C Marjorie; Gubrium, Aline C; Aulino, Felicity; Krause, Elizabeth L; Leatherman, Thomas L

2015-03-01

The University of Massachusetts Amherst is part of Five-Colleges Inc, a consortium that includes the university and four liberal arts colleges. Consortium faculty from the School of Public Health and Health Sciences at the university and from the colleges are working to bridge liberal arts with public health graduate education. We outline four key themes guiding this effort and exemplary curricular tools for innovative community-based and multidisciplinary academic and research programs. The structure of the consortium has created a novel trajectory for student learning and engagement, with important ramifications for pedagogy and professional practice in public health. We show how graduate public health education and liberal arts can, and must, work in tandem to transform public health practice in the 21st century.

Bridging Graduate Education in Public Health and the Liberal Arts

PubMed Central

Gubrium, Aline C.; Aulino, Felicity; Krause, Elizabeth L.; Leatherman, Thomas L.

2015-01-01

The University of Massachusetts Amherst is part of Five-Colleges Inc, a consortium that includes the university and four liberal arts colleges. Consortium faculty from the School of Public Health and Health Sciences at the university and from the colleges are working to bridge liberal arts with public health graduate education. We outline four key themes guiding this effort and exemplary curricular tools for innovative community-based and multidisciplinary academic and research programs. The structure of the consortium has created a novel trajectory for student learning and engagement, with important ramifications for pedagogy and professional practice in public health. We show how graduate public health education and liberal arts can, and must, work in tandem to transform public health practice in the 21st century. PMID:25706025

The Lone Liberal Artists in the Ed School: Reconnecting Foundations Scholars with the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mackler, Stephanie

2014-01-01

This article begins from the premise that foundations scholars occupy an awkward place in the education school, because our work is predominantly grounded in the liberal arts but the work of other education scholars is predominantly preprofessional. To create a more meaningful place for foundations in the education school will require better…

Mobile Technology and Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rossing, Jonathan P.

2012-01-01

In this article, the author offers reflections on the impact of mobile technology for liberal education. These reflections are based on his own experience of incorporating iPads in his communication courses during the 2010-2011 academic year. As a member of an interdisciplinary faculty learning community on the use of mobile tablets, he explored…

Folklore and the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brodie, Ian

2012-01-01

In this article, the author argues that the content of what folklorists study pervades all avenues of human interaction, from the food court to the lecture hall, and adverting to the seemingly negligible, interstitial, and ephemeral moments of informal communication is not only fruitful but a necessary complement to the liberal arts. These four…

National Institute for Technology in Liberal Education: An Assessment. White Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brodeur, Jason; Daniels, Morgan; Johnson, Annie; Nicholls, Natsuko; Pickle, Sarah; Waraksa, Elizabeth A.

2016-01-01

In 2001, the National Institute for Technology in Liberal Education (NITLE) was created to "stimulate collaboration between selected liberal arts colleges and to act as a catalyst for the effective integration of emerging and newer digital technologies into teaching, learning, scholarship, and information management." In July 2015, NITLE…

Do Liberal Arts Colleges Really Foster Good Practices in Undergraduate Education?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pascarella, Ernest T.; Cruce, Ty M.; Wolniak, Gregory C.; Blaich, Charles F.

2004-01-01

Researchers estimated the net effects of liberal arts colleges on 19 measures of good practices in undergraduate education grouped into seven categories. Analyses of 3-year longitudinal data from five liberal arts colleges, four research universities, and seven regional universities were conducted. Net of a battery of student precollege…

Sociopolitical Development and Political Activism: Synergies between Feminist and Liberation Psychology

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moane, Geraldine

2010-01-01

Feminist and liberation psychologies have emerged in contexts of marginalization and oppression and have developed in diverse, and sometimes synergistic, ways. I identify key themes for fostering critical consciousness and political action that arise from the intersections of feminist and liberation psychology. These themes include the need for…

Pedagogy of the Consumer: The Politics of Neo-Liberal Welfare Reform

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wilkins, Andrew

2012-01-01

Situated against the backdrop of a widespread and growing interest in the linkages between neo-liberalism and welfare, this paper introduces the lens of neo-liberalism as a conceptual strategy for thinking about contemporary issues in education policy. Through charting the historic rise of unfettered market institutions and practices in the…

A Politically Liberal Conception of Formal Education in a Developing Democracy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Çelik, Rasit

2016-01-01

As discussed by John Rawls, in a well-ordered society, a public political culture's wide educational role bears the primary responsibility for developing reasonable individuals for the stability of a politically liberal society. Rawlsian scholars have also focused on the stability and enhancement of developed liberal democratic societies by means…

The role of computational physics in the liberal arts curriculum

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Dominguez, Rachele; Huff, Benjamin

2015-09-01

The role of computational physics education varies dramatically from department to department. We will discuss a new computational physics course at Randolph-Macon College and our attempt to identify where it fits (or should fit) into the larger liberal arts curriculum and why. In doing so, we will describe the goals of the course, and how the liberal arts curriculum conditions the exploration of computational physics.

Liberal Arts Catch-Up Revisited

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goyder, John

2014-01-01

This paper replicates the work of Giles and Drewes from the 1990s. They showed a catch-up effect whereby graduates of liberal arts undergraduate programs, although at an early-career disadvantage compared with graduates of applied programs, had higher incomes by mid-career. Working with the Panel 5 Survey of Labour and Income Dynamics (2005-2010),…

The Experience of Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ayers, Edward L.

2010-01-01

"Experience" is a healthy-sounding word, but what do educators really mean by it? And how do educators persuade people that higher education fosters important forms of experience, that "experience" is an integral part of any vital liberal learning? The author suggests that educators might begin by getting clearer in their own minds just what they…

Seven Liberal Arts Colleges Revisited.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Russel, John H.

In the early 1960's the United States Office of Education, using a case study approach, made an inquiry into patterns of academic administration in the liberal arts college. Following a review of this first study and the 1973 followup study, individual reports for seven participating colleges are presented based on visits made between late March…

Toward an Embodied Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller-Lane, Jonathan

2012-01-01

The author believes there are three conceptual and somatic (from the Greek, meaning "of the body") changes that could be made in order to better educate the student body and, thereby, help sustain the intellectual and social relevance of the liberal arts as a program of study. First, the commitment to what Sir Ken Robinson has called "the…

Conservatism and liberalism predict performance in two nonideological cognitive tasks.

PubMed

Bernabel, Rodolpho Talaisys; Oliveira, Amâncio

2017-01-01

Intuitive thinking would argue that political or ideological orientation does not correlate with nonpolitical decisions, and certainly not with nonideological cognitive tasks. However, that is what happens in some cases. Previous neuropolitics studies have found that liberals are more adept at dealing with novel information than conservatives. This finding suggests that conservatives and liberals possess different cognitive skills. For the purposes of this article, two studies were executed to test whether this difference remained in alternative environmental settings. To this end, two novel cognitive tasks were designed in which one type of ideology or another was privileged according to the cognitive environment created by the tasks. Experimental findings indicate that liberals committed fewer errors than conservatives in one kind of cognitive environment, while conservatives scored higher in another.

Achievement Evaluation within a Non-Conventional Framework: Some Experiences in Physics and Humour

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Worner, C. H.; Romero, A.; Bustamante, G.

2010-01-01

An achievement evaluation of a non-conventional physics course for liberal arts students is presented. The theoretical ground for this course focuses on the use of humour as a teaching tool. Preliminary evidence shows that a learning process is accomplished. (Contains 1 table and 3 figures.)

Liberal Education and Effective Practice: The Necessary Revolution in Undergraduate Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Freeland, Richard M.

2009-01-01

Something remarkable is happening in programs of liberal education all over the country. The longstanding notion that learning should occur almost exclusively in classrooms is being amended to give a much more prominent place to various forms of experiential education. The belief that liberal education should focus on a narrow range of…

The Liberal Arts at Work: Marketing the Liberal Arts to Employers in the 21st Century.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brooks, Kate S.

2003-01-01

This article discusses the formation of a new framework for marketing the liberal arts, supported by the marketing successes of the past and strengthened by a renewed recognition of the specific educational value and relevance of the curriculum. Highlighted are four components in developing a new marketing plan. (GCP)

Evaluating Liberal Learning: Doubts and Explorations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Green, Thomas F.

1982-01-01

In current evaluation practice, the implicit philosophy of value, appraisal, and action is seen as a form of Benthamite utilitarianism. A domain of value called "educational worth" is described. Ways of detecting the presence of educational worth in liberal learning programs are identified. (MLW)

Teaching Undergraduates. Essays from the Lilly Endowment Workshop on Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Bruce A., Ed.

The Lilly Endowment has a long-standing commitment to supporting liberal arts programs and teaching at the undergraduate level. The Endowment-sponsored summer workshop on the liberal arts, held annually at Colorado College, has a 28-year history. It offers professors and deans from a variety of colleges and universities the opportunity to study a…

Neo-Liberal Discourse in the Academy: The Forestalling of (Collective) Resistance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Davies, Bronwyn; Petersen, Eva Bendix

2005-01-01

In this article we analyse the ways in which neo-liberalism is taken up in the discourses and practices of university life. In the "knowledge economy" it might be thought that intellectual work would flourish. Yet the neo-liberal technologies through which universities and individual academics are made into entrepreneurs and made "productive" are…

The Impact of Trade Liberalization and Information Technology on India's Manufacturing Sector

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sharma, Shruti

2013-01-01

This dissertation is an investigation into how trade liberalization and the adoption of information technology have impacted labour and productivity in India's manufacturing sector respectively. The second chapter analyses the relationship between India's liberalization of tariffs on imported intermediate inputs (henceforth input tariff…

Objectifying or Liberating? Investigation of the Effects of Sexting on Body Image.

PubMed

Liong, Mario; Cheng, Grand H-L

2018-03-09

Scholars are divided as to whether sexting-an unprecedented sexual activity using digital media-is objectifying or sexually liberating. One notion is that sexting involves the representation of an individual's sexuality in the presence of others and thus reinforces objectification. Another perspective contends that the self-portrayal of the body in sexting facilitates the exploration of sexual subjectivity and is, therefore, sexually liberating. By testing a model of sexting, objectified body consciousness (body surveillance, body shame, and body control beliefs), and comfort with nudity (indicator of sexual liberation) on 361 college students in Hong Kong, the current study revealed that, across genders, sexters demonstrated higher levels of body surveillance, body shame, and comfort with nudity than nonsexters. The results suggest that sexting is both sexually objectifying and liberating and that it has opened up a new sexual arena that combines sexual objectification and empowerment.

Appraising Reading Achievement.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ediger, Marlow

To determine quality sequence in pupil progress, evaluation approaches need to be used which guide the teacher to assist learners to attain optimally. Teachers must use a variety of procedures to appraise student achievement in reading, because no one approach is adequate. Appraisal approaches might include: (1) observation and subsequent…

Restrictive or Liberal Red-Cell Transfusion for Cardiac Surgery.

PubMed

Mazer, C David; Whitlock, Richard P; Fergusson, Dean A; Hall, Judith; Belley-Cote, Emilie; Connolly, Katherine; Khanykin, Boris; Gregory, Alexander J; de Médicis, Étienne; McGuinness, Shay; Royse, Alistair; Carrier, François M; Young, Paul J; Villar, Juan C; Grocott, Hilary P; Seeberger, Manfred D; Fremes, Stephen; Lellouche, François; Syed, Summer; Byrne, Kelly; Bagshaw, Sean M; Hwang, Nian C; Mehta, Chirag; Painter, Thomas W; Royse, Colin; Verma, Subodh; Hare, Gregory M T; Cohen, Ashley; Thorpe, Kevin E; Jüni, Peter; Shehata, Nadine

2017-11-30

The effect of a restrictive versus liberal red-cell transfusion strategy on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery remains unclear. In this multicenter, open-label, noninferiority trial, we randomly assigned 5243 adults undergoing cardiac surgery who had a European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) I of 6 or more (on a scale from 0 to 47, with higher scores indicating a higher risk of death after cardiac surgery) to a restrictive red-cell transfusion threshold (transfuse if hemoglobin level was <7.5 g per deciliter, starting from induction of anesthesia) or a liberal red-cell transfusion threshold (transfuse if hemoglobin level was <9.5 g per deciliter in the operating room or intensive care unit [ICU] or was <8.5 g per deciliter in the non-ICU ward). The primary composite outcome was death from any cause, myocardial infarction, stroke, or new-onset renal failure with dialysis by hospital discharge or by day 28, whichever came first. Secondary outcomes included red-cell transfusion and other clinical outcomes. The primary outcome occurred in 11.4% of the patients in the restrictive-threshold group, as compared with 12.5% of those in the liberal-threshold group (absolute risk difference, -1.11 percentage points; 95% confidence interval [CI], -2.93 to 0.72; odds ratio, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.76 to 1.07; P<0.001 for noninferiority). Mortality was 3.0% in the restrictive-threshold group and 3.6% in the liberal-threshold group (odds ratio, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.62 to 1.16). Red-cell transfusion occurred in 52.3% of the patients in the restrictive-threshold group, as compared with 72.6% of those in the liberal-threshold group (odds ratio, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.37 to 0.47). There were no significant between-group differences with regard to the other secondary outcomes. In patients undergoing cardiac surgery who were at moderate-to-high risk for death, a restrictive strategy regarding red-cell transfusion was noninferior to a liberal strategy with

Environmental politics in the 1990s: The tension between liberalism and environmental quality

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Cahn, M.A.

1991-01-01

There are two structural tensions between liberalism and environmental quality. First, liberalism's emphasis on individual self-interest creates a problematic concept of communal good. Society, as manifest in liberal contract theory, exists not to find some higher good, but to protect individual rights. Individual and corporate property rights have consistently overshadowed community claims on resource management. Second, capitalism has been characterized by a constant drive for expansion in search of increased productivity and profit. The impact of that expansionary ethic has been overuse of limited resources and the poisoning of the physical environment. This study combines normative theory with case studiesmore » of the substantive policy areas of air, water, and waste. Environmental policy's analyzed with attention to the parameters of American political culture and the inherent limitations the language of liberalism places on policy choices. The literature on symbolic policy is then applied exploring the role of symbolic politics in easing the tension between liberalism and environmental quality. Ultimately, substantive policy areas are explored in a effort to explain the evolution of specific policies.« less

Education for Liberal Democracy: Fred Clarke and the 1944 Education Act

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ku, Hsiao-Yuh

2013-01-01

Fred Clarke (1880-1952), an English educationist, emerged as a leading figure with his liberal approach alongside such key figures as R. H. Tawney and Cyril Norwood in the reform leading to the 1944 Education Act. Many of his reform proposals, which were provided by the new Act, reflected his ideals of liberal democracy. Nevertheless, his…

Extending Liberal Education to New Audiences.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Peggy Ann, Ed.

1984-01-01

Liberal education offerings at 15 colleges directed to professionals, retired people, and other new audiences are described. An article by Peggy Ann Brown, "Recharging the Batteries on Totally New Fuel," describes four educational programs offered to professionals, including literature seminars at Brandeis University and the Dartmouth…

Should Technical Education Be More Liberal?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heckman, Richard T.

Due to the increasing emphasis on technology and the trend toward downsizing and multiculturalism in today's workplace, graduates of technical education programs need non-technical thinking and problem solving skills to stay successfully employed. Historically, however, a dichotomy has existed between vocational and liberal education, which has…

Liberation psychological implications for pastoral care of Korean military wives.

PubMed

Chang, Bocheol

2010-01-01

Native Korean women frequently suffer poverty, sexual violence, and Confucian gender discrimination. Once in America Korean military wives also experience racial and sexual oppression, intercultural familial conflicts and violence, and identity crisis and lead to feelings of isolation and non-belonging, a sense of anomie. Korean American pastors tend to understate and oversimplify the complexity of psychological and spiritual suffering of Korean military wives and overemphasize individual faith development as a solution. Liberation psychology evolved from an awareness of similar dehumanizing realities. The context-based perspective of liberation psychology offers a model to interpret and assist in the psychological and spiritual healing of Korean military wives. The healing power of conscientization offered in Liberation psychology for oppressed individuals encourages self-awakening suggesting it as an ideal interventional model to help Korean military wives and would be a useful approach for Korean American pastors.

Post-Secondary Education and Rural Women Enrolled in Liberal Arts Undergraduate Degrees

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bourgeois, Monique; Kirby, Dale

2012-01-01

The significance of post-secondary education is investigated for rural Newfoundland women enrolled in undergraduate liberal arts degree programs. Data collection for this research involved comprehensive, detailed semi-structured biographical interviews with rural women studying liberal arts disciplines during the 2006-2007 academic year at…

What Really Matters in College: How Students View and Value Liberal Education. Liberal Education & America's Promise

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Humphreys, Debra; Davenport, Abigail

2005-01-01

Liberal Education and America's Promise: Excellence for Everyone as a Nation Goes to College (LEAP), the decade-long campaign launched earlier this year by the Association of American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U), rests on two fundamental premises. The first holds that there is an emerging, if hidden, consensus among business and civic…

Excellence in Teacher Education through the Liberal Arts. Proceedings of the Conference on Excellence in Teacher Education through the Liberal Arts (Allentown, PA, May 20-21, 1986).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carbone, Michael J., Ed.; Wonsiewicz, Ann, Ed.

This volume presents papers given at a conference on the role of liberal arts in teacher education. Titles and authors are: (1) "The Connections between Teacher Education and School Reform" (Theodore R. Sizer) with a panel response by J. William Moore and Others; (2) "Teaching: A Career of Choice" (Edward J. Meade, Jr.); (3) "Liberal Learning and…

Why Liberal State Funding of Denominational Schools Cannot be Unconditional: A Reply to Neil Burtonwood

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Snik, Ger; De Jong, Johan

2005-01-01

In this article we take up Burtonwood's criticism of our view that liberal states should, under certain conditions, fund denominational schools. We not only reject his plea for the accommodation of strong faith schools by liberalism but also criticise his portrayal of the character of the conflict between liberals and strong faith school…

Seven Liberal Outcomes of Professional Study.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Stark, Joan S.

A group of faculty members and accrediting representatives was assembled to explore ways to better integrate liberal and professional study during the undergraduate years. The group based its discussions on educational outcomes previously identified by the project directors as important for all college-educated professionals. The project involved…

Structural Liberalism and Anti-Bullying Legislation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vaught, Sabina E.

2014-01-01

This article investigates the legal, semantic, and material implications of Massachusetts' anti-bullying law through an analytic framework of structural liberalism. Specifically, this article asks how the law produces categories of fit and unfit subjects of the state through raced and gendered practices of individualism, paternalism, meliorism,…

Involving Liberal Arts Faculty in Diversity.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hensel, Nancy

This paper describes the struggle of the University of Redlands (California), a comprehensive liberal arts institution, to come to terms with the diversity represented in its three distinct educational approaches. Each approach attracts faculty with a particular perspective about higher education, and often, these perspectives are in conflict. The…

A state of limbo: the politics of waiting in neo-liberal Latvia.

PubMed

Ozoliņa-Fitzgerald, Liene

2016-09-01

This article presents an ethnographic study of politics of waiting in a post-Soviet context. While activation has been explored in sociological and anthropological literature as a neo-liberal governmental technology and its application in post-socialist context has also been compellingly documented, waiting as a political artefact has only recently been receiving increased scholarly attention. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork at a state-run unemployment office in Riga, this article shows how, alongside activation, state welfare policies also produce passivity and waiting. Engaging with the small but developing field of sociological literature on the politics of waiting, I argue that, rather than interpreting it as a clash between 'neo-liberal' and 'Soviet' regimes, we should understand the double-move of activation and imposition of waiting as a key mechanism of neo-liberal biopolitics. This article thus extends the existing theorizations of the temporal politics of neo-liberalism. © London School of Economics and Political Science 2016.

Liberal Education in an Interdependent World

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gini, Al

2008-01-01

This article presents a keynote address delivered by Al Gini, Professor of Business Ethics in the School of Business Administration at Loyola University in Chicago, at the University Continuing Education Association (UCEA) 93rd Annual Conference, March 26, 2008, New Orleans, Louisiana, on the topic of "Liberal Education in an Interdependent…

American Women's Responses to Women's Liberation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Whitney, Ruth

1978-01-01

The spectrum of possible responses to the women's movement is as varied as the diversity of women. The purpose of this essay is to analyze this movement and the variety of responses that women have to it. Cultural and religious influences that underlie the liberal and conservative viewpoints are examined. (Author)

The HBCU Experience: Liberating or Not?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kennedy, Joy L.

2012-01-01

While African American women routinely outnumber African American men on the historically Black college and university (HBCU) campus, the African American woman's voice is usually relegated to the margins within social and academic frameworks. The author seeks to gain a deeper understanding of the actual liberation of African American women on…

In Defense of Japanese Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mori, Rie

2016-01-01

Liberal education has been a target of political discourse in many countries, and Japan is no exception. In Japanese higher education, there are three types of institutions: national public, local public, and private. In June 2015, Japan's minister of education, Hakubun Shimomura, called upon the country's national universities to take…

A Contemporary Analysis of the Content of Mathematics for Liberal Education at the College Level

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sporn, Howard Bruce

2010-01-01

The purpose of this study is to determine whether educators believe mathematics should be taught to liberal arts students, what topics are taught in liberal arts mathematics courses, and what the motivation is for teaching such topics. The study consists of two parts, a review of the opinions of educators regarding liberal arts mathematics, and a…

Neo-liberal economic practices and population health: a cross-national analysis, 1980-2004.

PubMed

Tracy, Melissa; Kruk, Margaret E; Harper, Christine; Galea, Sandro

2010-04-01

Although there has been substantial debate and research concerning the economic impact of neo-liberal practices, there is a paucity of research about the potential relation between neo-liberal economic practices and population health. We assessed the extent to which neo-liberal policies and practices are associated with population health at the national level. We collected data on 119 countries between 1980 and 2004. We measured neo-liberalism using the Fraser Institute's Economic Freedom of the World (EFW) Index, which gives an overall score as well as a score for each of five different aspects of neo-liberal economic practices: (1) size of government, (2) legal structure and security of property rights, (3) access to sound money, (4) freedom to exchange with foreigners and (5) regulation of credit, labor and business. Our measure of population health was under-five mortality. We controlled for potential mediators (income distribution, social capital and openness of political institutions) and confounders (female literacy, total population, rural population, fertility, gross domestic product per capita and time period). In longitudinal multivariable analyses, we found that the EFW index did not have an effect on child mortality but that two of its components: improved security of property rights and access to sound money were associated with lower under-five mortality (p = 0.017 and p = 0.024, respectively). When stratifying the countries by level of income, less regulation of credit, labor and business was associated with lower under-five mortality in high-income countries (p = 0.001). None of the EFW components were significantly associated with under-five mortality in low-income countries. This analysis suggests that the concept of 'neo-liberalism' is not a monolithic entity in its relation to health and that some 'neo-liberal' policies are consistent with improved population health. Further work is needed to corroborate or refute these findings.

Metabolic Requirement of Septic Shock Patients Before and After Liberation From Mechanical Ventilation.

PubMed

Lee, Peggy Siu-Pik; Lee, Kar Lung; Betts, James A; Law, Kin Ip

2017-08-01

This study identified the difference in energy expenditure and substrate utilization of patients during and upon liberation from mechanical ventilation. Patients under intensive care who were diagnosed with septic shock and dependent on mechanical ventilation were recruited. Indirect calorimetry measurements were performed during and upon liberation from mechanical ventilation. Thirty-five patients were recruited (20 men and 15 women; mean age, 69 ± 10 years). Measured energy expenditures during ventilation and upon liberation were 2090 ± 489 kcal·d -1 and 1910 ± 579 kcal·d -1 , respectively ( P < .05). Energy intake was provided at 1148 ± 495 kcal·d -1 and differed significantly from all measured energy expenditures ( P < .05). Mean carbohydrate utilization was 0.19 ± 0.1 g·min -1 when patients were on mechanical ventilation compared with 0.15 ± 0.09 g·min -1 upon liberation ( P < .05). Mean lipid oxidation was 0.08 ± 0.05 g·min -1 during and 0.09 ± 0.07 g·min -1 upon liberation from mechanical ventilation ( P > .05). Measured energy expenditure was higher during than upon liberation from mechanical ventilation. This could be the increase in work of breathing from the continuous positive pressure support, repeated weaning cycles from mechanical ventilation, and/or the asynchronization between patients' respiration and ventilator support. Future studies should examine whether more appropriately matching energy expenditure with energy intake would promote positive health outcomes.

The BCLA Minor: Business, Communication, and Liberal Arts Minor at Towson University

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mahin, Linda

2008-01-01

In this article, the author describes a cross-disciplinary minor that combines elements of business, communication, and the liberal arts. The BCLA Minor enhances employment opportunities and cultural awareness for students with majors in the Colleges of Business and Economics, Fine Arts and Communication, and Liberal Arts by integrating the…

Integration models: multicultural and liberal approaches confronted

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Janicki, Wojciech

2012-01-01

European societies have been shaped by their Christian past, upsurge of international migration, democratic rule and liberal tradition rooted in religious tolerance. Boosting globalization processes impose new challenges on European societies, striving to protect their diversity. This struggle is especially clearly visible in case of minorities trying to resist melting into mainstream culture. European countries' legal systems and cultural policies respond to these efforts in many ways. Respecting identity politics-driven group rights seems to be the most common approach, resulting in creation of a multicultural society. However, the outcome of respecting group rights may be remarkably contradictory to both individual rights growing out from liberal tradition, and to reinforced concept of integration of immigrants into host societies. The hereby paper discusses identity politics upturn in the context of both individual rights and integration of European societies.

The political economy of trade liberalization and environmental policy

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Fredriksson, P.G.

1999-01-01

A pressure group model where environmental and industry lobby groups offer political support in return for favorable pollution tax policies is used to explain and predict the equilibrium pollution tax in sectors protected by tariffs. The political economy effects of trade liberalization are investigated. The pollution tax is shown to decrease if the lobbying effort by the environmental lobby decreases more rapidly than by the industry lobby Ceteris paribus. The level of political conflict falls with trade liberalization. Pollution may increase because of a reduction of the pollution tax, and tax revenues may fall simultaneously as pollution increases.

5 CFR 919.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 919.900 Section 919.900 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS.... Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or...

5 CFR 919.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 919.900 Section 919.900 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS.... Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or...

5 CFR 919.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 919.900 Section 919.900 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS.... Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or...

5 CFR 919.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 919.900 Section 919.900 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS.... Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or...

5 CFR 919.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 919.900 Section 919.900 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT (CONTINUED) CIVIL SERVICE REGULATIONS.... Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or...

The Learning Sciences and Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Budwig, Nancy

2013-01-01

This article makes the case for a new framing of liberal education based on several decades of research emerging from the learning and developmental sciences. This work suggests that general knowledge stems from acquiring both the habits of mind and repertoires of practice that develop from participation in knowledge-building communities. Such…

A Forgotten Hero of Liberal Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ravitch, Diane

2001-01-01

Profiles William Chandler Bagley, an educator and dissident who got branded a "reactionary" for insisting, 75 years ago, that all children should have access to a liberal education, regardless of their IQ. Bagley warned that IQ tests posed grave educational and social dangers. He also advocated for higher standards, better-educated teachers, and…

Beyond Small and Nurturing: Tapping the Potential of Liberal Arts Teacher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roose, Deborah

2013-01-01

A majority of the teacher education programs in this country reside in liberal arts institutions. Most pride themselves on the benefits from having small and nurturing programs with strong relationships with students and an emphasis on teaching. There are many types of preparation programs situated within liberal arts institutions and also a wide…

Liberation of a pinned spiral wave by a rotating electric pulse

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Chen, Jiang-Xing; Peng, Liang; Ma, Jun; Ying, He-Ping

2014-08-01

Spiral waves may be pinned to anatomical heterogeneities in the cardiac tissue, which leads to monomorphic ventricular tachycardia. Wave emission from heterogeneities (WEH) induced by electric pulses in one direction (EP) is a promising method for liberating such waves by using heterogeneities as internal virtual pacing sites. Here, based on the WEH effect, a new mechanism of liberation by means of a rotating electric pulse (REP) is proposed in a generic model of excitable media. Compared with the EP, the REP has the advantage of opening wider time window to liberate pinned spiral. The influences of rotating direction and frequency of the REP, and the radius of the obstacles on this new mechanism are studied. We believe this strategy may improve manipulations with pinned spiral waves in heart experiments.

The liberal arts connection.

PubMed

Pierce, E R

1984-04-01

Occupational therapists need to be critical of who teaches, what is taught, how it is taught, how it is applied, and to whom it is taught in the entire education program of prospective occupational therapists. Further, I recommend that occupational therapy educators on campus take the lead in initiating meetings and discussions that facilitate a functional conjoining of occupational therapy practice, occupational therapy theory, and liberal arts studies. An initial effort in this regard might be for the three mutually interdependent and equal partners in the education of occupational therapy students to read and discuss Ernest L. Boyer's work entitled, A Quest for Common Learning--The Aims of General Education. I believe that all occupational therapists would benefit from reading this text, individually and collectively, and the profession and our community would benefit. The question is not whether or not this subject should be incorporated into an occupational therapy student's curriculum. The question for discussion should be at what point in the student's education--the student's intellectual growth and development and professionalization--would this topic and this treatment be best applied? Perhaps from this beginning the three partners--practice, theory, and liberal arts--would recognize and respond to their mutually interdependent and equally important role and responsibility in the design and implementation of the entire occupational therapy educational program, which is future responsive and ensures the highest probability that graduates will be professionally competent.

Against All Odds? The Enduring Value of Liberal Education in Universities, Professions, and the Labour Market.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Axelrod, Paul; Anisef, Paul; Lin, Zeng

2001-01-01

Asserting that liberal education is at risk in Canadian universities, attempts to explain why such policy shifts are occurring; points to the continuing cultural, social, and intellectual value of liberal education; and, drawing from recent census data, demonstrates that liberal education produces generally positive economic benefits to the…

Organizational Adaptation of Liberal Arts Colleges during the Great Recession of 2007

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hilbun, Ashlie Junot; Mamiseishvili, Ketevan

2016-01-01

The study we report here explored how private liberal arts colleges adapted to the Great Recession of 2007. We examined institutional changes at three private liberal arts colleges and their effects on the institutions' operations. For this multiple-case study we analyzed data from three colleges in the southeastern region of the United States;…

Curriculum Revision in Practice: Designing a Liberal Arts Degree in Dance Professions

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Risner, Doug

2013-01-01

Dance programs in higher education offering both professional degrees (BFA) and liberal arts degrees (BA, BS) often focus most of their energy, attention, and resources to ever-increasing BFA programs. At the same time, liberal arts programs in dance often provide the real bread and butter of program headcounts, credit hours generated, and degrees…

Slaves immersed in a liberal ideology.

PubMed

Daly, Leslie Kim

2012-01-01

Paradigm debates have been featured in the nursing literature for over four decades. There are at least two opposing paradigms specific to nursing that have remained central in these debates. Advocates of the unitary perspective (or simultaneity paradigm) consider their theories to be more philosophically advanced and contemporary alternatives when compared to the older more traditional ideas characteristic of models they describe as originating from the totality paradigm. In the context of these debates, I focus on some theoretical positions embedded in the unitary perspective, noting their limitations with respect to integrating the individual and social mandates of nursing; nurses are responsible not only for individual health-related needs, but also for the health of the collective. I explore two hypotheses that may explain the powers of endurance of the unitary perspective. Paley, who outlines the origins of nurses' 'slave morality', inspires the first hypothesis. The second hypothesis speaks to the location of nursing knowledge development in the context of liberal ideology. In this work, I outline key conceptualizations of the unitary perspective in order to clearly illustrate the limitations of the unitary perspective for nurses' social mandate. Then, I explore how slave morality and liberal ideological assumptions might both work to sustain the unitary perspective. A paradigm for nursing must have utility in addressing both the health-related needs of individuals, and for addressing the health of the collective. To this end, I advance suggestions in three areas: first, to transform nurses' slave morality to more honest and noble aspirations; second, to examine liberal ideological premises; and third, to end paradigm debate by resituating elements of the unitary perspective to the level of mid-range theory, where it could be most effective for research and practice with specific populations. © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.

Do state laws concerning homosexuals reflect the preeminence of conservative-liberal individual differences?

PubMed

McCann, Stewart J H

2011-01-01

The present study was conducted to determine whether individual-level correlates of sexual prejudice (i.e., conservatism-liberalism, religious fundamentalism, educational levels, urbanism, income, and living in the South) are predictive at the state level of laws restricting homosexual behaviors and desires. Criterion 1 was a multifaceted index of state laws concerning gay men and lesbians; Criterion 2 was an index of state laws regarding same-sex partnerships. Multiple regression strategies showed that state conservatism-liberalism, as determined from the responses of 141,798 individuals aggregated at the state level (Erikson, Wright, & McIver, 1993), was the prime state-level predictor of both criteria. For Criterion 1, only Southern state status accounted for additional variance (4.2%) above the 54.8% already accounted for by conservatism-liberalism. For Criterion 2, no other variables accounted for variance beyond the 44.6% accounted for by state conservatism-liberalism.

Musical Palindromes for Liberal Arts Students

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

von Renesse, Christine

2012-01-01

This paper shows how to teach a mathematics for liberal arts class in an inquiry-based way using ideas from music to launch the mathematical activities. No musical knowledge is required to understand and teach the material. The main activity is analyzing the differences between two kinds of rhythmic palindromes. The content is mathematically…

The Origins of Liberal Arts Mathematics

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

George, Michael

2010-01-01

"Liberal arts mathematics" differs from traditional mathematics courses in that it consists of a disparate collection of topics, rather than being organized around a single mathematical subject. As a result, the educational rationale for and purpose of the course may be vague both to instructors and students. The purpose of this study is to…

Out of Plato's Cave: The Role of Mathematics in the Christian Liberal Arts Curriculum

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Nelsen, Luke L.

2014-01-01

This article presents a historical defense of liberal arts education--a philosophy that is commonly claimed among Christian colleges and universities--in order to provide an understanding of liberal education to skeptics and subscribers alike. A subsequent discussion of the role of mathematics in the liberal arts tradition contends that…

Blending the liberal arts and nursing: Creating a portrait for the 21st century.

PubMed

Kooken, Wendy Carter; Kerr, Noël

The liberal arts and sciences serve as a core part of the educational discipline in nursing curriculum and are believed to undergird abilities for critical-thinking, creativity, and holistic care (Hermann, 2004; McKie, 2012). Over time, science has taken on a more central role in nursing education, despite the acknowledged importance and contributions of liberal arts. The humanities are an essential part of liberal arts education and generally include disciplines such as history, literature, religion, philosophy, architecture, or fine arts (e.g., music, painting, sculpture, drama, or film) (Hermann, 2004). Nursing students identify that liberal arts improve their skills to communicate, think globally, navigate diversity, make decisions, and improve their human selves (McKie, 2012), therefore the purposeful inclusion of liberal arts and humanities into nursing pedagogy should be assured. Schools of nursing seated within liberal arts universities are in a position to take advantage of campus environments that seek to improve student knowledge, skills, abilities, and values (Scott, 2014). When caring for patients with complex medical, psychosocial, spiritual, and economic concerns, the ability to differentiate between what is true among a myriad of competing issues, and to identify solutions to these problems, are critical skills (Scott, 2014). This manuscript describes one type of focused effort by school of nursing (SON) faculty to integrate the humanities on a small, liberal arts campus into the nursing curriculum. The desire to do this led to a large, interdisciplinary project intended to enhance campus, community, faculty, and student opportunities to understand and ponder the complexities involved in caring for patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Liberal Education and Social Justice: Some Reflections.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schaefer, David Lewis

1986-01-01

A discussion of the nature of the relationship between liberal education and social justice looks at two diverse contemporary views, those of Benno Schmidt, Jr. and Bruce Ackerman, and contrasts them with the classical conception of the nature and function of education. (MSE)

Engineering for Liberal Arts and Engineering Students.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

The Weaver, 1986

1986-01-01

Describes courses designed to develop approaches for teaching engineering concepts, applied mathematics and computing skills to liberal arts undergraduates, and to teach the history of scientific and technological innovation and application to engineering and science majors. Discusses courses, course materials, enrichment activities, and…

2 CFR 180.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 180.900 Section 180.900 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF.... Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or...

2 CFR 180.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 2 Grants and Agreements 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 180.900 Section 180.900 Grants and Agreements Office of Management and Budget Guidance for Grants and Agreements OFFICE OF.... Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular act or...

3 CFR - Waiver of and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 3 The President 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Waiver of and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation Organization Office Presidential Documents Other Presidential Documents... Regarding the Palestine Liberation Organization Office Memorandum for the Secretary of State Pursuant to the...

Comprehensive primary health care under neo-liberalism in Australia.

PubMed

Baum, Fran; Freeman, Toby; Sanders, David; Labonté, Ronald; Lawless, Angela; Javanparast, Sara

2016-11-01

This paper applies a critical analysis of the impact of neo-liberal driven management reform to examine changes in Australian primary health care (PHC) services over five years. The implementation of comprehensive approaches to primary health care (PHC) in seven services: five state-managed and two non-government organisations (NGOs) was tracked from 2009 to 2014. Two questions are addressed: 1) How did the ability of Australian PHC services to implement comprehensive PHC change over the period 2009-2014? 2) To what extent is the ability of the PHC services to implement comprehensive PHC shaped by neo-liberal health sector reform processes? The study reports on detailed tracking and observations of the changes and in-depth interviews with 63 health service managers and practitioners, and regional and central health executives. The documented changes were: in the state-managed services (although not the NGOs) less comprehensive service coverage and more focus on clinical services and integration with hospitals and much less development activity including community development, advocacy, intersectoral collaboration and attention to the social determinants. These changes were found to be associated with practices typical of neo-liberal health sector reform: considerable uncertainty, more directive managerial control, budget reductions and competitive tendering and an emphasis on outputs rather than health outcomes. We conclude that a focus on clinical service provision, while highly compatible with neo-liberal reforms, will not on its own produce the shifts in population disease patterns that would be required to reduce demand for health services and promote health. Comprehensive PHC is much better suited to that task. Copyright © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.

The Classics Major and Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liberal Education, 2009

2009-01-01

Over the course of eighteen months, a project based at the Center for Hellenic Studies in Washington, DC, studied undergraduate programs in classics with the goal of developing a better sense of how a major in classics fit within the broader agenda of liberal education. The study adopted a student-centered approach, employing a team of six…

3 CFR - Waiver and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation Organization...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 3 The President 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Waiver and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation Organization Office Presidential Documents Other Presidential Documents Presidential Determination No. 2009-17 of April 9, 2009 Waiver and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation...

Stakeholders' expectations and perceived effects of the pharmacy ownership liberalization reform in Sweden: a qualitative interview study.

PubMed

Wisell, Kristin; Winblad, Ulrika; Sporrong, Sofia Kälvemark

2016-08-12

Reforms in the health-care sector, including the pharmacy sector, can have different rationales. The Swedish pharmacies were prior to 2009 organized in a state-owned monopoly. In 2009, a liberalization of the ownership took place, in which a majority of the pharmacies were sold to private owners. The rationales for this liberalization changed profoundly during the preparatory work, making it probable that other rationales than the ones first expressed existed. The aim of this study was to explore the underlying rationales (not stated in official documents) for the liberalization in the Swedish pharmacy sector, and also to compare the expectations with the perceived outcomes. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with representatives from key stakeholder organizations; i.e., political, patient, and professional organizations. The analysis was performed in steps, and themes were developed in an inductive manner. One expectation among the political organization participants was that the ownership liberalization would create opportunities for ideas. The competition introduced in the market was supposed to lead to a more diversified pharmacy sector. After the liberalization, the participants in favor of the liberalization were surprised that the pharmacies were so similar. Among the professional organization participants, one important rationale for the liberalization was to get better use of the pharmacists' knowledge. However, all the professional, and some of the patient organization participants, thought that the counseling in the pharmacies had deteriorated after the liberalization. As expected in the interviews, the post-liberalization pharmacy sector consists of more pharmacies. However, an unexpected perceived effect of the liberalization was, among participants from all the stakeholder groups, less access to prescription medicines in the pharmacies. This study showed that the political organization participants had an ideological basis for their opinion

Liberating Leadership Capacity: Pathways to Educational Wisdom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lambert, Linda; Zimmerman, Diane P.; Gardner, Mary E.

2016-01-01

During the past quarter century, conceptions of leadership have evolved in concert with breakthrough discoveries in science and generative learning. "Liberating Leadership Capacity" captures these new ideas through the integration of the authors' earlier works in constructivist leadership and leadership capacity. What emerges is a…

3 CFR - Waiver of and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 3 The President 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Waiver of and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation Organization Office Presidential Documents Other Presidential Documents Presidential Determination No. 2010-05 of April 7, 2010 Waiver of and Certification of Statutory Provisions Regarding the Palestine Liberation...

Evaluating the Liberal Arts Model in the Context of the Dutch University College

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cooper, Nathan

2018-01-01

The Liberal Arts model of undergraduate education within small, internationally-focused University Colleges is becoming increasingly popular in Europe. This trend is most notable in the Netherlands, where the liberal arts model is acclaimed as filling a gap in Dutch undergraduate education at conventional research universities. This paper explores…

Higher Education and Religious Liberalization among Young Adults*

PubMed Central

Mayrl, Damon; Uecker, Jeremy E.

2012-01-01

Going to college has long been assumed to liberalize students’ religious beliefs. Using longitudinal data from the National Survey of Youth and Religion, we compare change in the content of religious beliefs of those who do and do not attend college. We find that, in general, college students are no more likely to develop liberal religious beliefs than nonstudents. In some cases, collegians actually appear more likely to retain their initial beliefs. Change in religious beliefs appears instead to be more strongly associated with network effects. These findings indicate that college’s effect on students’ religious beliefs is both weak and fragmented, and suggest that the multiplicity of social worlds on college campuses may help to sustain religious beliefs as well as religious practice and commitment. PMID:22665942

In Support of the Liberal Arts College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Long, Dorothy S.

1980-01-01

The liberal arts college is in jeopardy. In trying to compete with the university, it has permitted external factors to disrupt its internal integrity. A brief examination of the elective system, expanded departmentalization, and the changing role of the professor are examples of such compromises. (Author/BEF)

Liberal Grading Improves Evaluations but Not Performance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vasta, Ross; Sarmiento, Robert F.

1979-01-01

The effects of examination grades on undergraduates' study behaviors, attendance, and evaluations of instruction were examined. Liberal grading was found to result in higher evaluations of course and instructor but had no demonstrable effect on studying or attendance. The implications of these findings and alternative interpretations are…

Are the Liberal Arts an Endangered Species?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zammuto, Raymond F.

1984-01-01

Changes in the composition of colleges and universities during the 1970s and the changes in the subpopulation of institutions with a high commitment to liberal arts education were studied. The effect these changes had on the diversity of the population and subpopulation is described. (MLW)

Attitudes toward gay, lesbian, and bisexual persons among heterosexual liberal arts college students.

PubMed

Hinrichs, Donald W; Rosenberg, Pamela J

2002-01-01

This research focuses on attitudes toward homosexuals and homosexuality among 692 heterosexual students at six liberal arts colleges. Attitudes, assessed in a variety of ways, are examined in relation to students' Greek affiliation, sex role attitudes, religion and religiosity, and contact with and knowledge of gays, lesbians, and bisexuals. Results suggest that attributes predicting acceptance of gay, lesbian, and bisexual persons are female sex, liberal sex-role attitudes, lower religiosity as measured both by beliefs and by attendance, membership in more liberal Protestant denominations, attendance at colleges that do not have Greek letter social organizations, and having positive contacts with gay, lesbian, and/or bisexual persons.

Public Pedagogy and the Politics of Neo-Liberalism: Making the Political More Pedagogical

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Giroux, Henry A.

2004-01-01

Neo-liberalism has reached a new stage in the United States, buttressed largely by the almost seamless alliances formed among the Bush administration, religious fundamentalists, neo-conservative extremists, the dominant media, and corporate elites. This article explores the various ways in which neo-liberal cultural politics works as a form of…

The Liberal Education of Architects. A Symposium (Lawrence, Kansas, November 8-9, 1990).

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Domer, Dennis, Ed.; Spreckelmeyer, Kent F., Ed.

This publication contains the proceedings of a symposium concerning the liberal education of architects. The papers and addresses included are: "Prefatory Remarks to the Symposium" (S. Grabow); "Keynote Address" (W. McMinn); "Invited Position Papers" (D. Ghirardo; J. Hartray; R. Bliss); "A Liberal Education for Architects" (R. Allen); "On the…

"Humanitas", Metaphysics and Modern Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tubbs, Nigel

2014-01-01

There is a new myth of the heterogeneous that is reducing the concept of humanity to a sinful enlightenment. In this article I investigate the contribution that a renewed understanding of liberal arts education might offer for the idea of a humanist education and for the concept of humanity; and this at a time when not only the concept of humanity…

[Bergen-Belsen liberation 15th April 1945--personal and professional reflections].

PubMed

Reis, Shmuel

2012-07-01

The Holocaust is presently part of the universal human identity in the 21st century, as well as a component of Jewish and Israeli identity. Contemplating the role of medicine in the Holocaust is crucial for health professionals' identity formation. This paper narrates the story of the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, the events preceding its liberation and the months that followed in universal, Jewish, medical and personal dimensions. A British book (After Daybreak by S.Shepard, Shocken Books, 2005) addresses the Bergen-Belsen Liberation on 15.4.45 and focuses on the medical relief operation mounted by the British. It tells the story, among others, of 96 volunteer medical students flown in from London to assist in the survivors' care. I have also heard the tales of Bergen-Belsen in those days from my late father who was there and was fortunately Liberated by the same British soldiers. My mother too stayed in Bergen-Belsen and left two months prior to liberation. By the end of May 1945 the British soldiers had left, the camp was transformed into a refugee camp, and it became a transit camp for preparation for Aliya and immigration. In 1948 my mother's younger sisters spent time there on their way to joining a kibbutz in Palestine. This is how I found myself caught in the duality of seeing, in my mind's eye, the picture portrayed by the book, the gaze of the camp's liberators and healers, as well as imagining myself in the shoes of my family members in the same place and time. This article conveys the dual gaze: the medicaL, that the health professionals present on the one hand, and the personal outlook--on the other hand.

Academic Departments as Networks of Informal Learning: Faculty Development at Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pifer, Meghan J.; Baker, Vicki L.; Lunsford, Laura G.

2015-01-01

In this article, we consider the role of departmental contexts and relationships in faculty work within liberal arts colleges. Knowledge about how departmental networks relate to success and satisfaction may inform the work of those who support faculty work in liberal arts colleges, as well as other institution types. Analysis of quantitative and…

On the fate of particles liberated from hydroxyapatite coatings in vivo.

PubMed

Dunne, C F; Gibbons, J; FitzPatrick, D P; Mulhall, K J; Stanton, K T

2015-03-01

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been used as a coating for orthopaedic implants for over 30 years to help promote the fixation of orthopaedic implants into the surrounding bone. However, concerns exist about the fate of the hydroxyapatite coating and hydroxyapatite particles in vivo, especially in the wake of recent concerns about particulates from metal-on-metal bearings. Here, we assess the mechanisms of particle detachment from coated orthopaedic devices as well as the safety and performance concerns and biomedical implications arising from the liberation of the particles by review of the literature. The mechanisms that can result in the detachment of the HA coating from the implant can be mechanical or biochemical, or both. Mechanical mechanisms include implant insertion, abrasion, fatigue and micro-motion. Biochemical mechanisms that contribute to the liberation of HA particles include dissolution into extra-cellular fluid, cell-mediated processes and crystallisation of amorphous phases. The form the particles take once liberated is influenced by a number of factors such as coating method, the raw powder morphology, processing parameters, coating thickness and coating structure. This review summarises and discusses each of these factors and concludes that HA is a safe biomimetic material to use as a coating and does not cause any problems in particulate form if liberated as debris from an orthopaedic implant.

Frontline: the liberal arts of psychoanalysis.

PubMed

Fradenburg, Aranye

2011-01-01

In terms of process, psychoanalysis is more closely related to the disciplines of the arts and humanities than those of the sciences, however much the latter have contributed to our knowledge of the mind and our discussions of technique. Will we, accordingly, assert our support for liberal arts education, at a time when it is under unprecedented attack? Neuroscience has made remarkable strides in establishing the importance of artistic and humanist training to the plasticity and connectedness of mental functioning. But these discoveries have sadly done nothing to protect the academic disciplines of the arts and humanities from budget cuts and closings. It is as if contemporary boosters of technical and scientific education had no interest in, or knew nothing about, the new knowledge of the brain that scientists are actually producing. Will psychiatrists and psychoanalysts, for the sake of the arts and the sciences, support liberal arts education, or will we distance ourselves from it, and thus abandon the well-being of the very minds we will later be trying to tend in our offices? Is it not our responsibility to speak for the importance of thriving, since surviving depends on it?

Doing quantum theory at a liberal arts college

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Schumacher, Benjamin

2012-02-01

An academic career at a liberal arts college poses some challenges for a researcher in quantum information and quantum foundations, most notably the lack of local collaborators and graduate students. Are there also complementary advantages and opportunities?

Decline and Renewal in the Liberal Arts as Themes for First-Year Writing

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aitchison, David Carlyle

2015-01-01

Educators have long lamented the critical condition of the liberal arts in the United States, arguing that the ever-increasing pressure placed on schools to serve the marketplace has undermined the true meaning and value of liberal education. At present, while there is no shortage of solutions calling for sweeping changes in attitudes and…

How the Instructional and Learning Environments of Liberal Arts Colleges Enhance Cognitive Development

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pascarella, Ernest T.; Wang, Jui-Sheng; Trolian, Teniell L.; Blaich, Charles

2013-01-01

This study analyzes longitudinal data from 17 four-year institutions in the United States to determine how the distinctive instructional and learning environment of American liberal arts colleges accounts for the positive impact of liberal arts college attendance on four-year growth in critical thinking skills and need for cognition. We find that,…

Ethnic and gender earning gaps in a liberalized economy: The case of Israel.

PubMed

Bental, Benjamin; Kraus, Vered; Yonay, Yuval

2017-03-01

During the 1990s and the 2000s Israel, a country ethnically divided into a dominant Jewish majority and a disadvantaged mostly Muslim Palestinian minority, underwent a transition from a heavily regulated to a neo-liberal economy. This paper makes use of the Israeli case to shed light on the effect of liberalization on earning gaps in the public and private sectors across dominant and disadvantaged population groups. The data, drawn from the 1995 and 2008 censuses-years that encompass the transition period, enable a dynamic investigation of the liberalization process by comparing labor market outcomes for Israeli Jews and Muslims of both genders working in the public or private sector. Liberalization reduced the protective role of the public sector, especially hurting women of both ethnic groups. In the private sector this process improved the position of the strongest group of Jewish men and of the weakest group of Muslim women. Discrimination against Jewish women and Muslim men in the private sector increased. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Journey Toward Liberation for Fellini's Woman.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Reynolds, Lessie M.

The characterizations of women in three of Federico Fellini's films can be used to demonstrate the process of self-actualization real women experience during the fulfillment of the promises of the women's liberation movement. The films "La Dolce Vita" and "8 1/2" portray traditional stereotypes of women with traditional…

Autonomy and Liberalism in a Multicultural Society

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jewell, Paul

2005-01-01

That children should be educated to be ideal citizens, capable of making rational and informed decisions, has been proposed in cultures ranging from Ancient Greece to current societies. In particular, societies that favour liberalism preach the primacy of the individual autonomous citizen and a concomitant tolerance for others. In modern…

Broadcasters Want Experience, Skills, and Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hudson, Jerry C.

1987-01-01

Indicates that broadcast news employers prefer entry-level employees who have (1) a degree in journalism or broadcast journalism, (2) a liberal arts education, and (3) a news internship. Claims that educators have a responsibility to provide both journalism skills coursework and academic counseling leading to relevant and practical degree…

A Redefinition of Liberal and Humanistic Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Aloni, Nimrod

1997-01-01

Aims to integrate and expand upon three distinct discourses on humanistic and liberal education. Argues that humanistic education can be classified into four forms--classical, romantic, existentialist, and radical--and that they should be viewed as complementing rather than negating each other. Offers an integrative model of humanistic and liberal…

Liberal or conservative? Gender, identity, and perception of historical religious positions.

PubMed

Bensko, N L; Canetto, S S; Sugar, J A; Viney, W

1995-11-01

Conservatism is often assumed to imply a continuity of values and positions between past and present. Previous research has demonstrated, however, that there are discontinuities between historical and contemporary political conservatism and that modern political conservatives endorse programs and legislation once regarded as liberal. Testing whether the same pattern may hold for religious conservatism was the purpose of this research. Perceptions of conservative positions in Christian history were assessed among young adults (N = 221). Results showed that individuals who identified themselves as conservatives were less likely to recognize past conservative positions on religious issues than individuals who identified themselves as liberals. These findings were not accounted for by lack of knowledge about religious history on the part of conservatives. Furthermore, women were more likely than men to accurately identify conservative and liberal positions of the past. The findings suggest that religious conservatism, like political conservatism, does not necessarily involve a continuity of positions between past and present.

The Liberation Procedure Decision-Making Experience for People With Multiple Sclerosis

PubMed Central

Murray, Cynthia L.; Ploughman, Michelle; Harris, Chelsea; Hogan, Stephen; Murdoch, Michelle; Stefanelli, Mark

2014-01-01

Despite the absence of scientific evidence demonstrating the efficacy of the “liberation procedure” in treating multiple sclerosis (MS), thousands of MS patients worldwide have undergone the procedure. The study objective was to explore the experience of liberation procedure decision making for individuals with MS. Fifteen adults in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, each participated in an in-depth interview. The data analysis revealed three groups of people: “waiters,” “early embracers,” and “late embracers.” Using van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenological approach, we identified three themes each in the stories of the early and late embracers and four themes in the waiters’ stories. A characteristic of the late embracers and waiters was skepticism, whereas desperation set the embracers apart from the waiters. With a deeper understanding of the experience, nurses can be more attuned to the perspectives of MS patients while helping them make informed decisions about undergoing the liberation procedure. PMID:28462292

The Condition of American Liberal Education: Pragmatism and a Changing Tradition. An Essay with Commentaries and Responses.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Bruce A.; Orrill, Robert, Ed.

This book presents an essay on U.S. liberal education and 24 commentaries on it. The essay, "Toward Pragmatic Liberal Education" by Bruce A. Kimball suggests that a consensus is emerging in reform efforts that a new and distinctly American version of liberal education is emerging which owes much to the current resurgence of American…

Negotiating Peace with the Moro Islamic Liberation Front in the Southern Philippines

DTIC Science & Technology

2005-12-01

Republic of the Philippines and the secessionist Moro Islamic Liberation Front which started in 1997 during the time of former President Fidel V. Ramos went...the secessionist Moro Islamic Liberation Front which started in 1997 during the time of former President Fidel V. Ramos went through turbulent...discussions and several group works especially those in 689B curriculum namely: Eduardo Ulery, Eric Ramos , Jason Kelshall and Murat Celik. I would

Merging the Liberal Arts with Work Experiences. CSCC Bulletin; Issue 9, l983

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for the Study of Community Colleges, Los Angeles, CA.

One way of revitalizing the liberal arts in community colleges could be through the development of a career program in liberal arts for students planning to enter the work force as entry-level employees in positions that do not require specific vocational skills. The skills required for entry into many careers are those that are also the goals of…

Liberation and containment: re-visualising the eugenic and evolutionary ideal of the "Fizkul'turnitsa" in 1944.

PubMed

Simpson, Pat

2011-01-01

In July 1944 cross-country races and parades of physical culturists were prominently used to celebrate Soviet liberation from German occupation. While journalistic accounts stressed the manly health and vigour of the victorious Red Army, press photographs in Pravda and Red Sport, and Aleksandr Deneika's monumental painting 'Liberation', emphasised images of the young female physical culturist. This essay explores what a contextualised analysis of these images may have to tell historians about the connections between women, physical culture and liberation being projected. The argument suggests that, on one level, the images straightforwardly symbolised and celebrated the liberation of the Soviet 'Motherland'. On another, more complex level, the images represented a particularly nuanced notion of constricted liberation for Soviet women deriving from 1920s eugenic and evolutionary discourse, inscribed into the contemporary imperative for engagement with physical culture as a necessary stage of healthful body discipline on the path to hygienic and successful motherhood.

A Curriculum in Speech for the Catholic Women's Liberal Arts College in the Light of Contemporary Needs.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garvey, Irene

This study, conducted at the Malloy Catholic College for Women, presents a redesigned program for liberal arts speech majors. It (1) reviews current literature dealing with the role of women in American society, (2) considers the place of Speech within the liberal arts college both as an academic discipline and a liberal art, (3) examines the…

Responsible health insurance revisited: pouring liberal wine into a conservative bottle.

PubMed

Seidman, Laurence

2005-01-01

In 1991, an article appeared proposing a plan for "Responsible National Health Insurance" (RHI) that contained three crucial elements supported by economists affiliated with two conservative policy institutions (the American Enterprise Institute and the Heritage Foundation). The central purpose of this article is to revisit RHI in light of developments over the past decade, and to make the case that liberals, rather than reject RHI, now should support it, provided conservatives agree to sufficient funding. In this article, I recommend "pouring liberal wine into this conservative bottle."

Teaching and Leading for Human Flourishing: Creating a Liberal Arts Framework for Teacher Preparation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lederhouse, Jillian N.

2014-01-01

To satisfy the ongoing demands of external communities, education faculty at liberal arts colleges often make curricular and instructional compromises within their programs which can adversely affect the developmental goals of liberal education. This article highlights several of the complex tensions faculty members face in offering their…

Enhancing the Relevance and Value of Marketing Curriculum Outcomes to a Liberal Arts Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Petkus, Ed, Jr.

2007-01-01

Could marketing coursework be part of the general education requirements for all college students? This article describes the ways in which the professional school marketing curriculum model (Schibrowsky, Peltier, & Boyt, 2002) can complement and enhance liberal arts education outcomes. First, the general relationship between liberal arts…

Toward Liberating Interdependence: Exploring an Intercultural Pedagogy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lee, Boyung

2010-01-01

This article proposes a postcolonial intercultural pedagogy, one that can create Liberating Interdependence among communities and across boundaries. First, the author examines conflicting ways that the Exodus is told in different communities: as a story of the God of the oppressed and as a story about an unjust God. Second, after analyzing the…

Liberal Grading Improves Evaluations But Not Performance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Vasta, Ross; Sarmiento, Robert F.

Two grading distributions--a liberal and a more stringent curve--were compared between two sections of an undergraduate psychology course. The two classes were team taught and treated as similarly as possible. Four unit exams and an optional final were administered, with one section consistently receiving a more lenient grade distribution. No…

Liberal Arts Education in Qatar: Intercultural Perspectives

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rostron, Magdalena

2009-01-01

This paper is an attempt to sketch a historical, cultural and social background of recent educational developments in Qatar, briefly review the traditions of western liberal arts education with its goals and teaching and learning methodologies, explain its benefits and their relevance to Muslim Qatari students of universities in Education City in…

A Question-Centered Approach to Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mansueto, Anthony

2006-01-01

The present period is characterized by an unprecedented degree of global integration at the economic, political, and cultural levels. Economically, this has created a situation in which only creative problem solvers and innovators will be able to compete globally. On the other hand, liberal education remains more important than ever at these…

Sustaining School Achievement in California's Elementary Schools after State Monitoring

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McCabe, Molly

2010-01-01

This study examined the Academic Performance Index (API) and Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) achievement trends between 2004 and 2006 of 58 California public elementary schools after exiting state monitoring and investigated practices for sustaining consistent achievement growth. Statistical methods were used to analyze statewide achievement trends…

Teachers' Reflections on the Perceptions of Oppression and Liberation in Neo-Marxist Critical Pedagogies

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Yaakoby, Tova

2013-01-01

Critical pedagogy speaks of teachers as liberating and transformative intellectuals. Yet their voice is absent from its discourse.The emancipatory action research, described in this article, created a dialogue between teachers and the ideas concerning oppression and liberation found in Neo-Marxist pedagogies. It strongly suggests that teachers can…

A Dialogue with the Original Curriculum Basher about Tech Prep and a Liberal Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roth, Gene L.

1992-01-01

An imaginary dialogue with Socrates elicits premises about tech prep: (1) it is not narrow vocationalism or anomalous to liberal education; (2) by blending academic and vocational content, it emulates liberal education purposes; (3) critical thinking skills must be fostered; and (4) meaningful cross-disciplinary integration is vital. (SK)

Liberal Boosterism and Conservative Distancing: Newspaper Coverage of the Chambers-Hiss Affair, 1948-1950.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Olasky, Marvin N.

A study examined coverage of Alger Hiss's trial for spying for the Soviet Union in the conservative Los Angeles "Times" and Chicago "Tribune," and the liberal Washington "Post" and New York "Times." It was hypothesized that (1) the liberal newspapers would favor Hiss, especially in their editorials; (2) the…

Effects of liberalizing the natural gas market in western Europe

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Golombek, R.

1995-12-31

This paper uses a numerical model to examine the long-run impact of a radical liberalization of the West-European natural gas markets. We study profit maximizing Cournot producers facing an ideal third party access regime for gas transport. producers sell gas weather to large users in the manufacturing industry and to gas-fired thermal power plants, or to loval distribution companies. We first examine the case where no traders exploit arbitrage possibilities and some producers have limited access to the markets. In this equilibrium net prices differ across markets. These differences disappear in the second case where traders are introduced. The thirdmore » case focuses on a complete European market for natural gas in which traders exploit all arbitrage possibilities and all producers can sell gas in all markets. We also study the impact on the complete European market of changes in costs for production, transport, and distribution. Finally, welfare implications from a liberalization of the West-European natural gas markets are discussed. We argue that a radical liberalization could increase economic welfare in Western Europe by 15% to 20% in the long run. 35 refs., 9 tabs.« less

Bucking Cultural Norms, Asia Tries Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fischer, Karin

2012-01-01

Sun Yat-sen University's East-meets-West curriculum is distinctive, but its embrace of liberal education--education across disciplines, meant to provoke broad thinking--is far from unusual. At a time when China and its East Asian neighbors are trouncing U.S. students on international exams, educators in these countries are nonetheless adopting,…

World History, Liberal Arts, and Global Citizenship

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Watt, Carey A.

2012-01-01

In this article, the author investigates the role that world history might play in reshaping the liberal arts to better serve a twenty-first-century world that is increasingly interconnected, plural, and "globalized." While "Western civ" courses and perspectives are much less influential today than they were in the first seven decades of the…

A Politically Liberal Conception of Civic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bull, Barry L.

2008-01-01

Liberal political theory is widely believed to be an inadequate source of civic commitment and thus of civic education primarily because of its commitment to what is perceived as a pervasive individualism. In this paper, I explore the possibility that John Rawls's later political philosophy may provide a response to this belief. I first articulate…

Liberal Arts Colleges: Thriving, Surviving, or Endangered?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Breneman, David W.

This book examines the recent and changing financial circumstances of the independent liberal arts college in America through financial and economic analysis and discussion of educational purpose and mission. The work is based on a study of 212 colleges including site visits to 12. Chapter 1 is an introduction. Chapter 2 contains an overview of…

Campaign Targets Perceived Liberal Bias in Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cavanagh, Sean

2006-01-01

Having witnessed what they regard as the corruption of colleges by liberals and left-leaning academics, conservative activists say they are launching a venture to eliminate any such bias from the nation's public schools. "It's a campaign we're beginning today," said David Horowitz, who helped organize an April 7, 2006 conference to promote those…

Sociology and the Liberal Arts: A Sociohistorical Integration.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Christopher B.

1990-01-01

Outlines a newly designed foundations of sociology course at Mount Saint Mary's college (California) that attempts to integrate the course into the College's liberal arts core curriculum. Suggests teaching this integrated, sociohistorical curriculum furthers students understanding and attraction to the discipline. (NL)

Liberal Learning and the World: A Banker's Perspective.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Callander, Robert J.

1986-01-01

To address today's global banking issues requires the values and habits of mind that result from liberal education: integrity, critical thinking, moral values, historical consciousness, and ethical development. America's educational and business institutions are mutually dependent and require commitment on both parts. (MSE)

41 CFR 105-68.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Adequate evidence. 105-68.900 Section 105-68.900 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular...

41 CFR 105-68.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 105-68.900 Section 105-68.900 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular...

41 CFR 105-68.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Adequate evidence. 105-68.900 Section 105-68.900 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular...

41 CFR 105-68.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 105-68.900 Section 105-68.900 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular...

41 CFR 105-68.900 - Adequate evidence.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 41 Public Contracts and Property Management 3 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Adequate evidence. 105-68.900 Section 105-68.900 Public Contracts and Property Management Federal Property Management... evidence. Adequate evidence means information sufficient to support the reasonable belief that a particular...

"Critical Liberal Education": An Undergraduate Pedagogy for Teacher Candidates in Socially Diverse University Settings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chavez-Reyes, Christina

2010-01-01

This article addresses the lack of attention universities have given to adjusting liberal education, the undergraduate major for teachers in California, to the increase of multi-ethnic, multi-racial, and social class heterogeneity in state universities. This article argues for a revised pedagogy for undergraduate liberal arts education for teacher…

Do the Study of Education and Teacher Education Belong at a Liberal Arts College?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Bruce A.

2013-01-01

The question whether the study of education and teacher education belong at a liberal arts college deserves careful consideration. In this essay Bruce Kimball analyzes and finds unpersuasive the three principled rationales that are most often advanced on behalf of excluding educational studies, teacher education, or both from a liberal arts…

The Impact of Information Technology Management on the Efficiency of Top Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Eckles, James E.

2011-01-01

The purpose of this study is to provide administrators of liberal arts colleges with information that helps them improve their institutions' ability to graduate students. It investigates the relationship between IT and the efficiency of 35 highly ranked liberal arts colleges in graduating students. The study uses an operations research theory…

Liberal or restrictive transfusion in high-risk patients after hip surgery.

PubMed

Carson, Jeffrey L; Terrin, Michael L; Noveck, Helaine; Sanders, David W; Chaitman, Bernard R; Rhoads, George G; Nemo, George; Dragert, Karen; Beaupre, Lauren; Hildebrand, Kevin; Macaulay, William; Lewis, Courtland; Cook, Donald Richard; Dobbin, Gwendolyn; Zakriya, Khwaja J; Apple, Fred S; Horney, Rebecca A; Magaziner, Jay

2011-12-29

The hemoglobin threshold at which postoperative red-cell transfusion is warranted is controversial. We conducted a randomized trial to determine whether a higher threshold for blood transfusion would improve recovery in patients who had undergone surgery for hip fracture. We enrolled 2016 patients who were 50 years of age or older, who had either a history of or risk factors for cardiovascular disease, and whose hemoglobin level was below 10 g per deciliter after hip-fracture surgery. We randomly assigned patients to a liberal transfusion strategy (a hemoglobin threshold of 10 g per deciliter) or a restrictive transfusion strategy (symptoms of anemia or at physician discretion for a hemoglobin level of <8 g per deciliter). The primary outcome was death or an inability to walk across a room without human assistance on 60-day follow-up. A median of 2 units of red cells were transfused in the liberal-strategy group and none in the restrictive-strategy group. The rates of the primary outcome were 35.2% in the liberal-strategy group and 34.7% in the restrictive-strategy group (odds ratio in the liberal-strategy group, 1.01; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84 to 1.22), for an absolute risk difference of 0.5 percentage points (95% CI, -3.7 to 4.7). The rates of in-hospital acute coronary syndrome or death were 4.3% and 5.2%, respectively (absolute risk difference, -0.9%; 99% CI, -3.3 to 1.6), and rates of death on 60-day follow-up were 7.6% and 6.6%, respectively (absolute risk difference, 1.0%; 99% CI, -1.9 to 4.0). The rates of other complications were similar in the two groups. A liberal transfusion strategy, as compared with a restrictive strategy, did not reduce rates of death or inability to walk independently on 60-day follow-up or reduce in-hospital morbidity in elderly patients at high cardiovascular risk. (Funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; FOCUS ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00071032.).

Research on Simulation Requirements and Business Architecture of Automated Demand Response in Power Sales Side Market Liberalization

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Liu, Yiqun; Zhou, Pengcheng; Zeng, Ming; Chen, Songsong

2018-01-01

With the gradual reform of the electricity market, the power sale side liberalization has become the focus of attention as the key task of reform. The open power market provides a good environment for DR (Demand Response). It is of great significance to research the simulation requirements and business architecture of ADR (Automatic Demand Response) in power sale side market liberalization. Firstly, this paper analyzes the simulation requirements of ADR. Secondly, it analyzes the influence factors that the business development of ADR from five aspects after power sale side market liberalization. Finally, Based on ADR technology support system, the business architecture of ADR after power sale side market liberalization is constructed.

Female science faculty in liberal arts colleges and research universities: A case study of building careers

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

McCartney, Kerry Michelle

2001-07-01

This study investigates the lives of twelve female science faculty in higher education, in both the Liberal Arts College and the Research University environments. The study focuses on two areas---the gender issue and women's positive experiences in being science faculty. The methods used are qualitative, including interviews and self-esteem, achievement-motivation, and self-descriptive word ranking scales, which were used to determine success and determination to understand the desire to continue in the field of academic science. The central findings of the study focused on the rampant gender and sexual discrimination that was apparent at the Liberal Arts College science department, and the desire to balance a family with a career. The common misperception that a woman cannot be an academic science and have a family appeared to have troubled most of the subjects in the study. It appeared that the support of a spouse and family are two factors that have led to the continuation of the majority of the women to want to remain in academic science. The issue of gender touched on the lack of financial compensation among some of the female science faculty in the study, as well as the need for more institutional and structural support for human relations within the science departments.

Liberal Education and the Specialist-Rich Workplace

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dudka, Lee

2006-01-01

This article discusses the notion that American Education is at a crossroads, and attempts to answer the question of how liberal learning graduates can be made more competitive in the modern work place. It introduces the idea that the gap between old and new working environments is highlighted by the vast difference in the computing power…

No Dilemma at All: The Importance of Liberal Education in Developing Skills for Employability

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacKay, D. Bruce

2010-01-01

Some suggest there is a dilemma in post-secondary education between the tidal pulls of career- or disciplinary-oriented education and liberal education. A survey of University of Lethbridge alumni indicated that they found their liberal education important for developing skills that are valuable in life and work after graduation. Specific skills…

Free to Manage? A Neo-Liberal Defence of Academic Freedom in British Higher Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Miller, Brian

2014-01-01

Much of the rhetoric opposing managerialism in higher education can be ascribed to philosophical and political objections to the neo-liberal ideology which is alleged to underlie the phenomenon. This paper approaches managerialism from a different direction, addressing it within a neo-liberal framework. The paper argues that there is no intrinsic…

Vertical Transfer: An Examination of Course Transferability in the Non-liberal Arts in California.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Striplin, Jenny J.

This study examines the transferability of non-liberal arts courses within public postsecondary education in the state of California. The research examines the percentages of courses in the non-liberal arts categories that transfer from the community colleges to the state's public four-year institutions. This study also compares results with a…

The (Absent) Politics of Neo-Liberal Education Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Clarke, Matthew

2012-01-01

Despite its ideological saturation, recent neo-liberal education policy has been deeply depoliticising in the sense of reducing properly political concerns to matters of technical efficiency. This depoliticisation is reflected in the hegemony of a managerial discourse and the decontestation of terms like "quality" and…

Journalism Majors More Likely to Support Liberal Viewpoints.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

St. Dizier, Byron

1989-01-01

Compares the backgrounds and beliefs of broadcast and print journalism students with students in other disciplines. Finds that journalism students support more liberal political and social positions than students with other majors, despite the fact that most students surveyed came from similar backgrounds. (MM)

The Symbiotic Relationship between Liberal Studies and Science

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Unah, Jim I.

2008-01-01

The Artistic and Humanistic studies (liberal studies) and the science and technology disciplines (science) constitute the two dominant cultures in a modern university. Subsumed in these cultures are the professional disciplines of law, architecture, engineering, medicine, accounting, administration and a few others. Essentially, the university…

Effects of intraoperative liberal fluid therapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting in children-A randomized controlled trial.

PubMed

Ashok, Vighnesh; Bala, Indu; Bharti, Neerja; Jain, Divya; Samujh, Ram

2017-08-01

Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most distressing complications following surgery. Supplemental perioperative fluid therapy might be an effective strategy to reduce PONV in children. The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of intraoperative liberal fluid therapy with crystalloids on PONV in children. In this randomized trial, a total of 150 children of 3-7 years undergoing lower abdominal and penile surgery under general anesthesia were randomly assigned into two groups. "Restricted group" received 10 mL kg -1 h -1 and "Liberal group" received 30 mL kg -1 h -1 infusion of Ringer's lactate solution intraoperatively. All patients received a caudal block and intravenous paracetamol for analgesia. No opioids and muscle relaxants were used. All episodes of nausea-vomiting and the requirement of rescue antiemetic were assessed during 24 hours postoperatively. The incidence of PONV was significantly less in the liberal group patients as compared to the restricted group; 33 (45.8%) patients in the restricted group had vomiting as compared to 20 (27.4%) patients in the liberal group (RR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.38-0.93, P=.021). The adjusted odds ratio of PONV for the liberal group vs restricted group was 2.24 (95% CI: 1.12-4.48, P=.022). The incidence of fluid intake during the first 6 postoperative hours was significantly higher in the restricted group patients; 60 (83%) children in the restricted group complained of thirst as compared to 12 (17%) children in the liberal group (RR 0.19, 95% CI: 0.18-0.33, P=.0001). The parents of the liberal group were more satisfied as compared to the restricted group (mean difference -0.9, 95% CI: -1.8, -0.1, P=.04). None of the children had any complication attributed to the liberal fluid therapy. Liberal intraoperative fluid therapy was found to be effective in reducing PONV in children undergoing lower abdominal surgery. © 2017 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

40 CFR 716.25 - Adequate file search.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Adequate file search. 716.25 Section 716.25 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT HEALTH AND SAFETY DATA REPORTING General Provisions § 716.25 Adequate file search. The scope of a...

40 CFR 716.25 - Adequate file search.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 30 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Adequate file search. 716.25 Section 716.25 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT HEALTH AND SAFETY DATA REPORTING General Provisions § 716.25 Adequate file search. The scope of a...

40 CFR 716.25 - Adequate file search.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Adequate file search. 716.25 Section 716.25 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT HEALTH AND SAFETY DATA REPORTING General Provisions § 716.25 Adequate file search. The scope of a...

40 CFR 716.25 - Adequate file search.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 32 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Adequate file search. 716.25 Section 716.25 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT HEALTH AND SAFETY DATA REPORTING General Provisions § 716.25 Adequate file search. The scope of a...

40 CFR 716.25 - Adequate file search.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 31 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Adequate file search. 716.25 Section 716.25 Protection of Environment ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY (CONTINUED) TOXIC SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT HEALTH AND SAFETY DATA REPORTING General Provisions § 716.25 Adequate file search. The scope of a...

Adequate supervision for children and adolescents.

PubMed

Anderst, James; Moffatt, Mary

2014-11-01

Primary care providers (PCPs) have the opportunity to improve child health and well-being by addressing supervision issues before an injury or exposure has occurred and/or after an injury or exposure has occurred. Appropriate anticipatory guidance on supervision at well-child visits can improve supervision of children, and may prevent future harm. Adequate supervision varies based on the child's development and maturity, and the risks in the child's environment. Consideration should be given to issues as wide ranging as swimming pools, falls, dating violence, and social media. By considering the likelihood of harm and the severity of the potential harm, caregivers may provide adequate supervision by minimizing risks to the child while still allowing the child to take "small" risks as needed for healthy development. Caregivers should initially focus on direct (visual, auditory, and proximity) supervision of the young child. Gradually, supervision needs to be adjusted as the child develops, emphasizing a safe environment and safe social interactions, with graduated independence. PCPs may foster adequate supervision by providing concrete guidance to caregivers. In addition to preventing injury, supervision includes fostering a safe, stable, and nurturing relationship with every child. PCPs should be familiar with age/developmentally based supervision risks, adequate supervision based on those risks, characteristics of neglectful supervision based on age/development, and ways to encourage appropriate supervision throughout childhood. Copyright 2014, SLACK Incorporated.

Australian Liberalism, the Middle Class and Public Education from Henry Parkes to John Howard

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sherington, Geoffrey; Campbell, Craig

2004-01-01

In a recent study Judith Brett has raised the "problematic" of the middle class in Australia and its support for a liberal tradition where the prime focus is on the individual citizen rather than the state. She suggests that Australian liberalism was drawn from the heritage of British Protestant dissent with its ethic of independently…

Gut check: reappraisal of disgust helps explain liberal-conservative differences on issues of purity.

PubMed

Feinberg, Matthew; Antonenko, Olga; Willer, Robb; Horberg, E J; John, Oliver P

2014-06-01

Disgust plays an important role in conservatives' moral and political judgments, helping to explain why conservatives and liberals differ in their attitudes on issues related to purity. We examined the extent to which the emotion-regulation strategy reappraisal drives the disgust-conservatism relationship. We hypothesized that disgust has less influence on the political and moral judgments of liberals because they tend to regulate disgust reactions through emotional reappraisal more than conservatives. Study 1a found that a greater tendency to reappraise disgust was negatively associated with conservatism, independent of disgust sensitivity. Study 1b replicated this finding, demonstrating that the effect of reappraisal is unique to disgust. In Study 2, liberals condemned a disgusting act less than conservatives, and did so to the extent that they reappraised their initial disgust response. Study 3 manipulated participants' use of reappraisal when exposed to a video of men kissing. Conservatives instructed to reappraise their emotional reactions subsequently expressed more support for same-sex marriage than conservatives in the control condition, demonstrating attitudes statistically equivalent to liberal participants.

Conspirators in a Neo-Liberal Agenda? Adult Educators in Second-Chance Private Training Establishments

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walker, Judith

2008-01-01

This paper presents the findings of a qualitative study that explored the impact of neo-liberal policy and ideology on educators and directors working in second-chance Private Training Establishments (PTEs) which were created at the height of the neo-liberal reforms in New Zealand. By examining the experiences of 14 educators and directors in four…

Chemical Handling and Waste Disposal Issues at Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gannaway, Susan P.

1990-01-01

Findings from a survey of 20 liberal arts colleges which did not have graduate programs in chemistry are presented. Discussed are regulations, actions taken and costs of academic laboratories regarding the disposal of hazardous waste. (CW)

Air Transport Liberalization in Europe: The Progress So Far

DOT National Transportation Integrated Search

1998-01-01

The gradual liberalization of intra-community air services began when Europe's airlines were going through a profitable period (1983-1989), but the more fundamental changes arising from the second (effective November 1990) and especially the third (e...

Engineering and the Liberal Arts: Strangers No Longer

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chronicle of Higher Education, 2008

2008-01-01

Colleges and universities increasingly view engineering as an important part of a liberal-arts education. Rather than segregate engineering from the arts and humanities, they are integrating the disciplines, in hopes of educating students to perform more effectively in an increasingly complex and technological world. Several college presidents,…

Authority, the American Liberal Tradition, and the Classroom.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Montgomery, Tommie Sue

Authority relationships in American classrooms are mirror images of authority relationships in the larger society. These patterns originally developed out of the Western liberal tradition where parental authority and authority of counsel (or wisdom) evolved into authority by force and bureaucracy. In either case the result was politically and…

The New Criticism and the Crisis of American Liberalism: The Poetics of the Cold War.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Walhout, Mark

1987-01-01

Contends that arguments against New Criticism should place the movement in historical context. Suggests that historians of American criticism rethink the institutionalization of New Criticism as the work of both liberal intellectuals and pragmatic neoconservatives for whom both traditional liberalism and right-wing ideology were part of the…

10 CFR 1304.114 - Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. 1304.114 Section 1304.114 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.114 Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. The Board has the responsibility for maintaining adequate...

10 CFR 1304.114 - Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. 1304.114 Section 1304.114 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.114 Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. The Board has the responsibility for maintaining adequate...

10 CFR 1304.114 - Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. 1304.114 Section 1304.114 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.114 Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. The Board has the responsibility for maintaining adequate...

10 CFR 1304.114 - Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 10 Energy 4 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. 1304.114 Section 1304.114 Energy NUCLEAR WASTE TECHNICAL REVIEW BOARD PRIVACY ACT OF 1974 § 1304.114 Responsibility for maintaining adequate safeguards. The Board has the responsibility for maintaining adequate...

Incorporating BIRD-based homodecoupling in the dual-optimized, inverted 1 JCC 1,n-ADEQUATE experiment.

PubMed

Saurí, Josep; Bermel, Wolfgang; Parella, Teodor; Thomas Williamson, R; Martin, Gary E

2018-03-13

1,n-ADEQUATE is a powerful NMR technique for elucidating the structure of proton-deficient small molecules that can help establish the carbon skeleton of a given molecule by providing long-range three-bond 13 C─ 13 C correlations. Care must be taken when using the experiment to identify the simultaneous presence of one-bond 13 C─ 13 C correlations that are not filtered out, unlike the HMBC experiment that has a low-pass J-filter to filter 1 J CH responses out. Dual-optimized, inverted 1 J CC 1,n-ADEQUATE is an improved variant of the experiment that affords broadband inversion of direct responses, obviating the need to take additional steps to identify these correlations. Even though ADEQUATE experiments can now be acquired in a reasonable amount of experimental time if a cryogenic probe is available, low sensitivity is still the main impediment limiting the application of this elegant experiment. Here, we wish to report a further refinement that incorporates real-time bilinear rotation decoupling-based homodecoupling methodology into the dual-optimized, inverted 1 J CC 1,n-ADEQUATE pulse sequence. Improved sensitivity and resolution are achieved by collapsing homonuclear proton-proton couplings from the observed multiplets for most spin systems. The application of the method is illustrated with several model compounds. Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

In Pursuit of Educational Justice and Liberated Hearts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mirci, Philip S.

2008-01-01

This article contributes to a discussion about educational leadership programs related to social justice and diversity. It focuses on the development of social justice leaders through a doctoral program that culminates in a Doctorate in Educational Justice. The program's design is intended to empower graduates to act with hearts liberated through…

Non-Traditional Study and the Liberal Arts College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

1975

The role of nontraditional study in the liberal arts college was examined at the conference sponsored by the East Central College Consortium. Highlights of the proceedings included: "A Brief Overview of the Syracuse Adult Degree Program," by Marvin Druger; the keynote address by Harold L. Hodgkinson of the National Institute of…

The Crossroads of Liberalism in Journalism and Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wallace, James M.

Political responses to the "cult of efficiency" in the schools, academic freedom, and the role of education in social reform between 1914 and 1921 are traced in issues of the "Nation" and the "New Republic." The variety within political liberalism at the time was reflected in a similar diversity of educational…

Meeting the Challenge of Adequate Yearly Progress: How One School Is Learning to Leave No Child Behind

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Richardson, Jacqueline S.; Soltez, Jeff

2003-01-01

This article describes the step-by-step process Ross Elementary in Topeka, Kan., used to achieve Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) in accordance with the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. A simple process of using teamwork, setting specific measurable goals, and frequent monitoring of student progress toward these goals allowed Ross to significantly…

Operations of a TRIGA reactor at a small private liberal arts college

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Church, L.B.

A small private liberal arts college is not a very representative place to have a TRIGA reactor. Reed is a wholly undergraduate institution with a strong emphasis in the traditional liberal arts and fundamental sciences. Many of the larger state universities provide an excellence in nuclear science which is often presented to students in a somewhat distant manner. By providing a reactor that was immediately accessible to undergraduate students it has been realized that the excitement attendant with nuclear science would be available to them in an immediate hands-on manner.

Russell's Practice of Science vs. His Picture of Science and Its Place in Liberal Education.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winchester, Ian

2001-01-01

Relates Bertrand Russell's picture of science, as he actually practiced it, to his picture of liberal education, as he exemplified it, and compares these to what he said about the nature of science and of liberal education. Suggests Russell's practice of scientific thought was much more original and interesting than is "rather…

Revising the Declension Narrative: Liberal Arts Colleges, Universities, and Honors Programs, 1870s-2010s

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kimball, Bruce A.

2014-01-01

This article examines the prominent narrative asserting that liberal arts colleges have continuously declined in number and status over the past 130 years. Bruce A. Kimball identifies problems in this declension narrative and proposes a revision positing that the decline of liberal arts colleges began only after 1970. Further, he maintains that…

Neo-Liberalism and Universal State Education: The Cases of Denmark, Norway and Sweden 1980-2011

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wiborg, Susanne

2013-01-01

This article investigates neo-liberal policy on education in Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Traditionally, the edifice of the education system in these Scandinavian countries has been built on egalitarian values, but over the last 20 years they have increasingly adopted market-led reforms of education. The extent of neo-liberal policy varies between…

Bringing Knowledge Back In: Perspectives from Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Deng, Zongyi

2018-01-01

From the vantage point of liberal education, this article attempts to contribute to the conversation initiated by Michael Young and his colleagues on 'bringing knowledge back' into the current global discourse on curriculum policy and practice. The contribution is made through revisiting the knowledge-its-own-end thesis associated with Newman and…

Can the Liberal Arts and Entrepreneurship Work Together?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godwyn, Mary

2009-01-01

Sequestered far from rough-and-tumble, real-world considerations, often viewed as too theoretical to be useful, a liberal arts education is associated with thinking and contemplation rather than praxis. Entrepreneurship, on the other hand, is almost always situated within the domain of business and involves some type of market exchange, giving it…

A Guide to Classical Liberal Scholarship. Revised Edition.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Palmer, Tom G.

This booklet introduces students to a wide range of works of classical liberal scholarship. The works described can be used in researching term papers, theses, and dissertations; each book and article provides valuable insights and information that can make the difference between an "A" and a "B" paper. The tradition of classical liberalism…

Adequate Funding for Primary Education in the Artibonite Department of Haiti

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Nylund, Clayton Carl

Since its formation following a slave revolution in 1804, the Republic of Haiti has a long history of political instability, civil unrest and poverty. As of 2015, Haiti's gross domestic product (GDP) was US1,732, per capita, making it the poorest country in the Western Hemisphere. Haiti's education sector was no exception to this sparsity, receiving only 2.5 percent of the nation's overall GDP. The purpose of this study was to determine adequate funding for Haitian primary schools based upon mathematical achievement levels and the professional judgment of site-based administrators. A Florida Comprehensive Assessment Test (FCAT), originally administered to Florida's third-grade students in 2006, was utilized to determine mathematical achievement. In 2015, the translated FCAT was administered to 207 students, enrolled in four schools, located in the lower Artibonite department of Haiti. The results indicated that the sample answered sixteen of the forty mathematics questions correctly, on average. Based on these results, the four site-based administrators recommended the funding amounts necessary to increase mathematical achievement by 15 percent. The average annual amounts, in US dollars, included 461 per teacher salary, a 540 administrative salary, 40 per student for instructional materials, 367 per student for meals, and 37 per student for uniforms.

Principals' Leadership Styles and Student Achievement

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Harnish, David Alan

2012-01-01

Many schools struggle to meet No Child Left Behind's stringent adequate yearly progress standards, although the benchmark has stimulated national creativity and reform. The purpose of this study was to explore teacher perceptions of principals' leadership styles, curriculum reform, and student achievement to ascertain possible factors to improve…

Economic Liberalization and Its Impact on Human Development: A Comparative Analysis of Turkey and Azerbaijan

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gulaliyev, Mayis G.; Ok, Nuri I.; Musayeva, Fargana Q.; Efendiyev, Rufat J.; Musayeva, Jamila Q.; Agayeva, Samira R.

2016-01-01

The aim of the article is to study the nature of liberalization as a specific economic process, which is formed and developed under the influence of the changing conditions of the globalization and integration processes in the society, as well as to identify the characteristic differences in the processes of liberalization of Turkey and Azerbaijan…

What Is Common about Common Schooling? Rational Autonomy and Moral Agency in Liberal Democratic Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Alexander, Hanan

2007-01-01

In this essay I critique two influential accounts of rational autonomy in common schooling that conceive liberalism as an ideal form of life, and I offer an alternative approach to democratic education that views liberal theory as concerned with coexistence among rival ways of living. This view places moral agency, not rational autonomy, at the…

Recreating Liberal Education: Student-Designed Programming after a Decade.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Mark; Clarke, John

1980-01-01

Though student-designed programs have been justified by references to humanism, systems theory, and romantic idealism, a more secure foundation lies in developmental theory. When properly advised, it is suggested, student-designed programs resemble the most desirable processes of liberal education. (Author/MLW)

Evaluating the economic impact of casino liberalization in Macao.

PubMed

Zheng, Victor; Hung, Eva P W

2012-09-01

This paper aims to evaluate the economic impact after Macao decided to liberalize its gaming industry. By analysing both objective data of official statistics and subjective data of the perceptions of quality of life, we painted a picture of mixed blessings. Although objective indicators showed strong economic growth in terms of a rise in per capita GDP and public revenue as well as a decline in unemployment rate, subjective indicators revealed that local residents were less than optimistic about their own employment outlook and did not perceive any improvement in their overall economic situation. While casino liberalization brought forth tremendous economic gain, the general population did not subjectively feel the benefits. An integrative analysis of both objective and subjective indicators would therefore allow us to look closer how residents' lives in the micro-level could have been adversely affected by the prosperous economic outlook at the macro-level.

Teaching International Business Law: A Liberal Arts Perspective

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

MacDonald, Diane B.; Ramaglia, Judith A.

2004-01-01

Integrating the liberal arts perspective in the study of international commerce allows students to examine the human side of doing business outside the U.S. and stimulates the imagination by exploring the contributions made to business practices by other cultures. This approach is one way to enrich the student learning experience and to make the…

History as the Core of the Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Devendittis, Paul J.

While the importance of vocational education in today's economic climate cannot be denied, the current trend toward isolated career training should be countered with the recognition that a college education, the liberal arts in general, and the study of history in particular are vital agents in man's attempt to change society for the better.…

Strengthening Liberal Learning: An Opportunity for Corporate Philanthropy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Curtis, Mark H., Ed.

Prospects for corporate philanthropy in the 1980s and specifically the possibilities for enhanced interest in liberal education were addressed in a panel discussion by John R. Haire of the Council for Financial Aid to Education, Robert L. Payton of Exxon Education Foundation, Virginia B. Smith of Vassar College, and panel moderator Mark H. Curtis…

The Aid Debate: Beyond the Liberal/Conservative Divide

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kamat, Sangeeta

2010-01-01

Recent works that assess whether development has been well-served, or served at all, by international aid, are overwhelmingly pessimistic in their assessment and in favor of the market as the antidote to international aid (Klees, 2010). The author finds that Steve Klees' essay focuses on the neoliberal and liberal frameworks that represent the…

Gender Justice and Education: Constructions of Boys within Discourses of Resentment, Neo-Liberalism and Security

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mills, Martin; Keddie, Amanda

2010-01-01

This paper examines the impact of a politics of resentment, neo-liberal policies, and security concerns on issues of gender justice in schools in various western countries. We argue that since the 1990s gender justice in schools has been severely hampered by a politics of resentment, or backlash politics, and the presence of neo-liberal discourses…

29 CFR 1626.22 - Rules to be liberally construed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION PROCEDURES-AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT § 1626.22 Rules to be liberally construed. (a) These rules and regulations shall... is filed under one statute and it is subsequently believed that the alleged discrimination...

29 CFR 1626.22 - Rules to be liberally construed.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY COMMISSION PROCEDURES-AGE DISCRIMINATION IN EMPLOYMENT ACT § 1626.22 Rules to be liberally construed. (a) These rules and regulations shall... is filed under one statute and it is subsequently believed that the alleged discrimination...

Public Accountability in the Age of Neo-Liberal Governance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ranson, Stewart

2003-01-01

Analyzes the impact of neo-liberal corporate accountability on educational governance since the demise of professional accountability in the mid-1970s. Argues that corporate accountability is inappropriate for educational governance. Proposes an alternative model: democratic accountability. (Contains 1 figure and 125 references.)(PKP)

Self-Reported Injury and Management in a Liberal Arts College Dance Department.

PubMed

DiPasquale, Sarah; Becker, Nicole; Green, Sarah; Sauers, Kim

2015-12-01

Dancers often view injuries as a necessary sacrifice for participating in their art form. The purpose of this research was to determine the frequency and patterns of injury in a non-conservatory, liberal arts dance environment. These data may enable dance departments to provide more effective health resources. Dancers registered in technique courses in a liberal arts dance department (including ballet, modern, tap, and jazz) completed an injury questionnaire immediately following the occurrence of any dance-related injury over the course of one semester. Out of 168 students registered in the department, 46 injuries were reported throughout the semester. The greatest rate of injury was in September and December with 0.95 and 0.65 injuries reported per day, respectively. 89.1% of participants indicated that they would use a direct-access, on-campus physical therapist or athletic trainer if available, though 45.7% of injured participants indicated that they would seek treatment off campus. Dancers in a liberal arts collegiate program may train at a higher intensity during the semester than summer break, which likely accounts for the high incidence of injury in September. Of those injured, most planned on self-treating, but none planned on missing class. Pre-semester screening and post-semester cross-training education should be implemented in liberal arts dance programs to help decrease the rate of injury seen when returning to dance following prolonged time off from dancing. Additionally, direct access to physical therapy or athletic training treatment would likely be utilized by these students if available.

Modeling Preferential Admissions at Elite Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cockburn, Sally; Hewitt, Gordon; Kelly, Timothy

2013-01-01

This paper presents the results of a model that simulates the effects of varying preferential admissions policies on the academic profile of a set of 35 small liberal arts colleges. An underlying assumption is that all schools in the set use the same ratio of preferential to non-preferential admissions. The model predicts that even drastic changes…

Religious Education in a Liberal, Pluralist, Democratic State

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rosenblith, Suzanne

2008-01-01

In this article, the author describes how throughout her academic career she has tried to answer the question "What should the appropriate place be for religion in the public schools of a liberal, pluralistic, democratic state?" The view the author embraces is that taking religion seriously in schools also means taking the purpose(s) of public…

From Pandora to Nora: Literature and Women's Liberation.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Goldstein, Janet Mendell

This paper describes a ten-week elective course for high school seniors entitled "Literature and Women's Liberation." The purposes of the course were (1) to introduce students to some of the classic fictional, nonfictional, poetic, and dramatic statements concerning the role of women, as well as to quite a few recent commentaries on this theme;…

Making Excellence Inclusive: Liberal Education and America's Promise

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, Carol Geary

2014-01-01

The ninetieth anniversary of the Association of American Colleges and Universities (AAC&U) offers an opportunity for reflection. Where is higher education now in the shared commitment to the values and practices of liberal education, and where do they need to go, within the academy as a whole and within AAC&U itself? This article provides…

Philosophy for Welders: Colleges Offer Innovative Humanities Curricula for Liberal Arts and Career Track Students Alike

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finkel, Ed

2016-01-01

Does America needs more welders and fewer philosophers? Community college humanities professors and administrators say it benefits all students, whether liberal arts or career track, to take courses in philosophy, history, political science, language arts, and other liberal arts subjects. And they're developing innovative humanities curricula to…

Faculty Work-Family Issues: Finding the Balance at a Liberal Arts College

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Amador Kane, Suzanne

2008-03-01

The demands and expectations on science faculty at liberal arts colleges are in many ways distinct from those at research universities. While these differences can work in favor of easing work-family conflicts, there are also unique problems that faculty can confront in a setting of smaller departments and undergraduate-only institutions. I will discuss how these issues play out for junior and senior faculty, with an emphasis on how concrete policy changes can make the workplace a more family-friendly and supportive environment for all faculty, as well as making liberal arts colleges more attractive options for those seeking physics faculty jobs.

Achieving Equity through Applied Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rodicio, Lenore P.

2018-01-01

Over the past fifty years, college enrollment has increased by over 650 percent. Nearly 20 million students are now enrolled in higher education, and these students are more racially diverse than ever: by fall 2015, over 40 percent of students were nonwhite, compared with just over 15 percent in 1976. As the student population has diversified,…

Gamed by the System: Adequate Yearly Progress as an Indicator of Persistently Low-Achieving School Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hochbein, Craig; Mitchell, Amanda M.; Pollio, Martin

2013-01-01

The recent policy focus on the turnaround of persistently low-achieving schools has generated considerable debate about the reforms needed to dramatically and quickly increase school performance. The purpose of this article is not to focus on specific turnaround interventions, but rather on the identification of schools slated to receive these…

The ABCDEF Bundle: Science and Philosophy of How ICU Liberation Serves Patients and Families.

PubMed

Ely, E Wesley

2017-02-01

Over the past 20 years, critical care has matured in a myriad of ways resulting in dramatically higher survival rates for our sickest patients. For millions of new survivors comes de novo suffering and disability called "the postintensive care syndrome." Patients with postintensive care syndrome are robbed of their normal cognitive, emotional, and physical capacity and cannot resume their previous life. The ICU Liberation Collaborative is a real-world quality improvement initiative being implemented across 76 ICUs designed to engage strategically the ABCDEF bundle through team- and evidence-based care. This article explains the science and philosophy of liberating ICU patients and families from harm that is both inherent to critical illness and iatrogenic. ICU liberation is an extensive program designed to facilitate the implementation of the pain, agitation, and delirium guidelines using the evidence-based ABCDEF bundle. Participating ICU teams adapt data from hundreds of peer-reviewed studies to operationalize a systematic and reliable methodology that shifts ICU culture from the harmful inertia of sedation and restraints to an animated ICU filled with patients who are awake, cognitively engaged, and mobile with family members engaged as partners with the ICU team at the bedside. In doing so, patients are "liberated" from iatrogenic aspects of care that threaten his or her sense of self-worth and human dignity. The goal of this 2017 plenary lecture at the 47th Society of Critical Care Medicine Congress is to provide clinical ICU teams a synthesis of the literature that led to the creation of ICU liberation philosophy and to explain how this patient- and family-centered, quality improvement program is novel, generalizable, and practice changing.

Teaching Global Public Health in the Undergraduate Liberal Arts: A Survey of 50 Colleges

PubMed Central

Hill, David R.; Ainsworth, Robert M.; Partap, Uttara

2012-01-01

Undergraduate public health and global health studies are usually found at universities with graduate programs in the disciplines. Following the experience of teaching a short course in global health within the liberal arts, we reviewed global and public health offerings at 50 liberal arts colleges for the 2009–2010 academic year. Forty-two percent had a track, concentration, or program, and 30% had global or public health student organizations. All colleges listed at least one course in the fields, with the highest number in the social sciences. However, many colleges had not coordinated them into a theme. Values of a liberal arts education are found in the study of global and public health: social responsibility, critical thinking, ethical reasoning, and knowledge of the wider world. We propose identifying these programs within the undergraduate liberal arts as global public health. Capturing interest in global public health will enhance the curriculum and student experience.In this day and age, when the world is so fluid with regard to news and information, the knowledge that unnecessary deaths are occurring and that health care lags so far behind in some regions cannot be ignored. From the standpoint of basic human rights, suffering and inequity cannot be tolerated.Williams College student during a global health short course PMID:22764284

Teaching global public health in the undergraduate liberal arts: a survey of 50 colleges.

PubMed

Hill, David R; Ainsworth, Robert M; Partap, Uttara

2012-07-01

Undergraduate public health and global health studies are usually found at universities with graduate programs in the disciplines. Following the experience of teaching a short course in global health within the liberal arts, we reviewed global and public health offerings at 50 liberal arts colleges for the 2009-2010 academic year. Forty-two percent had a track, concentration, or program, and 30% had global or public health student organizations. All colleges listed at least one course in the fields, with the highest number in the social sciences. However, many colleges had not coordinated them into a theme. Values of a liberal arts education are found in the study of global and public health: social responsibility, critical thinking, ethical reasoning, and knowledge of the wider world. We propose identifying these programs within the undergraduate liberal arts as global public health. Capturing interest in global public health will enhance the curriculum and student experience.In this day and age, when the world is so fluid with regard to news and information, the knowledge that unnecessary deaths are occurring and that health care lags so far behind in some regions cannot be ignored. From the standpoint of basic human rights, suffering and inequity cannot be tolerated. Williams College student during a global health short course.

Culture, Health, and Science: A Multidisciplinary Liberal Arts Alternative to the Public Health Major.

PubMed

Morgan, Lynn M; Knight, Sabina; Gubrium, Aline C

2016-01-01

Since the 2003 call by the Institute of Medicine to educate undergraduates in public health, various models have emerged for incorporating public health into the liberal arts and sciences. One model is a professionalized public health major that uses core public health competencies to prepare a workforce of health professionals. A second model offers a broad-based public health major rooted in liberal arts principles, resisting the utilitarian trend toward human capital formation. A third model resists even the label of "public health," preferring instead to introduce undergraduates to many ways of analyzing human health and healing. The multidisciplinary Culture, Health, and Science Program, based on six key commitments for preparing liberal arts students to analyze health and respond to global health challenges, is offered as an alternative to the public health major. © The Author(s) 2016.

A Comparison of Faculty and Institutional Practices between Teacher Education and the Liberal Arts and Sciences.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Powers, P. J.

In order to explore the perceived conflict between teacher education programs and liberal arts and sciences programs this study examined faculty and institutional principles for good practice in undergraduate education at a comprehensive college. For the study, 14 teacher education (TE) and 10 liberal arts and sciences (LAS) (all from the…

Effect of quorum sensing signals produced by seaweed-associated bacteria on carpospore liberation from Gracilaria dura

PubMed Central

Singh, Ravindra Pal; Baghel, Ravi S.; Reddy, C. R. K.; Jha, Bhavanath

2015-01-01

Epiphytic and endophytic bacteria associated with green macroalgae Ulva (U. fasciata and U. lactuca) and red macroalgae Gracilaria (G. corticata and G. dura) have been identified from three different seasons to evaluate the effect of quorum sensing (QS) molecules on carpospores liberation from Gracilaria dura. The bacterial isolates belonging to the orders Bacillales, Pseudomonadales, Alteromonadales, and Vibrionales were present in all seasons, whereas Actinomycetales and Enterobacteriales were confined to pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. Among all the Gram-negative bacteria, seven isolates were found to produce different types of N-acyl homoserine lactones (AHLs). Interestingly, Shewanella algae produced five types of AHL: C4-HSL, HC4-HSL, C6-HSL, 3-oxo-C6-HSL, and 3-oxo-C12-HSL. Subsequently, the AHLs producing bacterial isolates were screened for carpospore liberation from G. dura and these isolates were found to positively induce carpospore liberation over the control. Also, observed that carpospore liberation increased significantly in C4- and C6-HSL treated cystocarps. Sodium dodecyl sulfate and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the total protein of the C4- and C6-HSL treated cystocarps showed two specific peptide bands of different molecular weights (50 kDa and 60 kDa) as compared to the control, confirming their indirect effect on carpospore liberation. PMID:25788899

40 CFR 51.354 - Adequate tools and resources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2014-07-01 2014-07-01 false Adequate tools and resources. 51.354... Requirements § 51.354 Adequate tools and resources. (a) Administrative resources. The program shall maintain... assurance, data analysis and reporting, and the holding of hearings and adjudication of cases. A portion of...

40 CFR 51.354 - Adequate tools and resources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Adequate tools and resources. 51.354... Requirements § 51.354 Adequate tools and resources. (a) Administrative resources. The program shall maintain... assurance, data analysis and reporting, and the holding of hearings and adjudication of cases. A portion of...

40 CFR 51.354 - Adequate tools and resources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2012-07-01 2012-07-01 false Adequate tools and resources. 51.354... Requirements § 51.354 Adequate tools and resources. (a) Administrative resources. The program shall maintain... assurance, data analysis and reporting, and the holding of hearings and adjudication of cases. A portion of...

40 CFR 51.354 - Adequate tools and resources.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... 40 Protection of Environment 2 2013-07-01 2013-07-01 false Adequate tools and resources. 51.354... Requirements § 51.354 Adequate tools and resources. (a) Administrative resources. The program shall maintain... assurance, data analysis and reporting, and the holding of hearings and adjudication of cases. A portion of...

Exploring Student-Faculty Interactions in Out-of-Classroom Settings: Student Perspectives at Small Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gauthier, Amy P.

2012-01-01

Students choose to attend liberal arts institutions for a number of different reasons, including small class size, breadth of academic material, and emphasis on life-long learning (Astin, 1999; Pascarella, Cruce, Wolniak, & Blaich, 2004). Those attending small liberal arts colleges have come to expect that they will have a higher level of…

The Future Economic Challenges for the Liberal Arts College.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McPherson, Michael S.; Schapiro, Morton Owen

1999-01-01

Liberal arts colleges face a public skeptical about rising college costs, and pricing policies that seem unfairly "redistributive;" an education economy in which new information technologies are transforming how and why people need schooling; and a competitive environment that favors resource-wasting maneuvers to gain tactical advantage, rather…

Liberal-Arts Colleges Ask: Where Have the Men Gone?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gose, Ben

1997-01-01

Women are enrolling in college in greater numbers than men, but the imbalance is particularly acute at private liberal arts colleges. Administrators are concerned about implications for campus social life, athletic opportunities, and academic programs. Some colleges are trying new strategies to attract men. Critics are concerned about lowered…

Pharmaceutical industry and trade liberalization using computable general equilibrium model.

PubMed

Barouni, M; Ghaderi, H; Banouei, Aa

2012-01-01

Computable general equilibrium models are known as a powerful instrument in economic analyses and widely have been used in order to evaluate trade liberalization effects. The purpose of this study was to provide the impacts of trade openness on pharmaceutical industry using CGE model. Using a computable general equilibrium model in this study, the effects of decrease in tariffs as a symbol of trade liberalization on key variables of Iranian pharmaceutical products were studied. Simulation was performed via two scenarios in this study. The first scenario was the effect of decrease in tariffs of pharmaceutical products as 10, 30, 50, and 100 on key drug variables, and the second was the effect of decrease in other sectors except pharmaceutical products on vital and economic variables of pharmaceutical products. The required data were obtained and the model parameters were calibrated according to the social accounting matrix of Iran in 2006. The results associated with simulation demonstrated that the first scenario has increased import, export, drug supply to markets and household consumption, while import, export, supply of product to market, and household consumption of pharmaceutical products would averagely decrease in the second scenario. Ultimately, society welfare would improve in all scenarios. We presents and synthesizes the CGE model which could be used to analyze trade liberalization policy issue in developing countries (like Iran), and thus provides information that policymakers can use to improve the pharmacy economics.

Liberations: New Essays on the Humanities in Revolution.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hassan, Ihab, Ed.

The authors of these essays were associated with the Wesleyan Center for the Humanities to search a central theme: the Humanities in Revolution. True liberations engage some deep energy, quiddity, or humor of life, and this is what the present authors attempt to engage. A post-humanism is in the making. The authors do not summon from the future a…

Modeling of wind-initiated liberation of fungal propagules from host plant leaves

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Gonzalinajec, Trevor

2014-11-01

Successful airborne propagule dispersal must begin with liberation into the air. The physical shedding mechanism of airborne propagules in the 100--250 μm size range are not well understood. Many fungal plant pathogens have propagules in this size range that are shed from the bottom of infected leaves. If turbulent air flow is sufficient to liberate the sporocarps of fungi from leaves then the aerodynamic forces exerted must be sufficient to overcome adhesive forces. In this study I have sought to quantify the magnitude and direction of these aerodynamic forces and their causal flow fields with dynamically scaled physical models. I chose a genus of powdery mildew because maturation of the sporocarp entails morphological changes that lever the sporocarp further away from the leaf surface and out of the viscous boundary layer. Consequently I varied the sporocarp morphology, the boundary layer thickness, and the flow velocity as forces on models were measured with a transducer. Additionally I analyzed the fluid velocity around the models using PIV, which allowed for quantification of the relative importance of shear forces and pressure-gradient forces. The results suggest that forces from steady and unsteady wind alike are insufficient to explain liberation.

Update with 2009-10 Data and Five-Year Trends: How Many Schools Have Not Made Adequate Yearly Progress?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Usher, Alexandra

2011-01-01

Recently, much attention has focused on the number of schools in the nation failing to make adequate yearly progress (AYP) in raising student achievement under the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). The Obama Administration has projected a dramatic increase in this number as 2014--the year when 100% of students are expected to score proficient on…

Compassionate liberals and polite conservatives: associations of agreeableness with political ideology and moral values.

PubMed

Hirsh, Jacob B; DeYoung, Colin G; Xiaowen Xu; Peterson, Jordan B

2010-05-01

Political conservatism has been characterized by resistance to change and acceptance of inequality, with liberalism characterized by the polar opposite of these values. Political attitudes are heritable and may be influenced by basic personality traits. In previous research, conservatism (vs. liberalism) has been associated positively with Conscientiousness and negatively with Openness-Intellect, consistent with the association of conservatism with resistance to change. Less clear, however, are the personality traits relating to egalitarianism. In two studies, using a personality model that divides each of the Big Five into two aspects, the present research found that one aspect of Agreeableness (Compassion) was associated with liberalism and egalitarianism, whereas the other (Politeness) was associated with conservatism and traditionalism. In addition, conservatism and moral traditionalism were positively associated with the Orderliness aspect of Conscientiousness and negatively with Openness-Intellect. These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of personality's relation to political attitudes and values.

Predator or Proprietor? Challengers to the Liberal Education Throne

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wittnebel, Leo

2012-01-01

The nature of the changing economic climate has resulted in drastic changes in the postsecondary education landscape. With record numbers of adult learners seeking to further their education, they are faced with numerous outlets, including traditional liberal universities and a variety of for-profit colleges and vocational schools that have…

The Liberal Arts and Organizational Design: Cultivating for Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dugan, Jennifer

2015-01-01

What are the enduring, value-added features of small, private liberal arts colleges? Certain distinctions come to mind: broad exposure to the disciplines, focused study in the majors, and close campus interactions--all enhanced by the residential experience. However, what is (and has historically been) the value of small, private residential…

Bankrupt Education. The Decline of Liberal Education in Canada.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Emberley, Peter C.; Newell, Waller R.

This book argues that the Canadian public higher education system should return to the principles of a classical tradition of liberal education, abandoning the experimentation in school curricula and teaching methods of the last three decades. Taking as its point of departure the Ontario government's initiatives concerning destreaming and the…

A Desirable Engineer Providing Manifold Prospects Enhanced by Synergy Effect of Science and Liberal Arts

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Harada, Shoji

Quick globalization makes prediction of future human activity on production and economy more difficult. This is mainly because of increase in factors affecting relationship among different people with different way of life, culture, tradition and so on. To survive in such complicated world each engineer is desired to provide the knowledge of liberal arts as well as highly specialized knowledge. A synergy power generated by collaborative work of science-and liberal arts-minded way of thinking is a promising tool to unveil difficult world. This paper first describes degradation of liberal arts education during past two decades. Then, several movements for stopping that degradation are introduced in conjunction with the author‧s overseas experiences. Finally, a necessity of bringing up well competitive desirable engineer through collaborative work by university and company is proposed.

Tailoring Modified Moore Method Techniques to Liberal Arts Mathematics Courses

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hitchman, Theron J.; Shaw, Douglas

2015-01-01

Inquiry-based learning (IBL) techniques can be used in mathematics courses for non-majors, such as courses required for liberal arts majors to fulfill graduation requirements. Unique challenges are discussed, followed by adaptations of IBL techniques to overcome those challenges.

Predictors of adequate depression treatment among Medicaid-enrolled adults.

PubMed

Teh, Carrie Farmer; Sorbero, Mark J; Mihalyo, Mark J; Kogan, Jane N; Schuster, James; Reynolds, Charles F; Stein, Bradley D

2010-02-01

To determine whether Medicaid-enrolled depressed adults receive adequate treatment for depression and to identify the characteristics of those receiving inadequate treatment. Claims data from a Medicaid-enrolled population in a large mid-Atlantic state between July 2006 and January 2008. We examined rates and predictors of minimally adequate psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy among adults with a new depression treatment episode during the study period (N=1,098). Many depressed adults received either minimally adequate psychotherapy or pharmacotherapy. Black individuals and individuals who began their depression treatment episode with an inpatient psychiatric stay for depression were markedly less likely to receive minimally adequate psychotherapy and more likely to receive inadequate treatment. Racial minorities and individuals discharged from inpatient treatment for depression are at risk for receiving inadequate depression treatment.

Commercial Language, Business Economics, and the Liberal Arts Curriculum.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sell, John W.; And Others

A program at the College of Wooster (Ohio) in commercial language and international business is described. The program was undertaken with private funds and within the context of a traditional liberal arts college. It has three main curricular goals: (1) additional training of language instructors for language courses that would include the…

Faculty Perceptions of Change Readiness in Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rupert, Lyle M.

2015-01-01

Due to the increasingly competitive environment in which liberal arts colleges operate and the constantly changing needs of students, colleges must continuously adapt and change in order to survive. Due to the high probability of failure when implementing change, it would serve an institution well to increase its readiness to change. This study…

Learner-Centered Pedagogy in a Liberal Arts Mathematics Course

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rufatto, Robin; Dickin, Holly; Florescu, Alina; Lorch, Crystal; Bremigan, Ralph; Lorch, John

2016-01-01

We discuss the pedagogical redesign of a liberal arts mathematics course that enrolls roughly 3000 students per year. Flipping the classroom is a prominent feature of the new pedagogical approach. We describe the nature of this redesign, course resources, and how students are assessed for both preparation and understanding. We also indicate how…

Assessing Community College Student Knowledge in the Liberal Arts

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cohen, Arthur M.; Schuetz, Pam; Chang, June C.; Plecha, Michelle

2003-01-01

The General Academic Learning Experience (GALE) is an assessment of community college student knowledge in the liberal arts. The study involved the design and administration of an instrument, which included a demographic survey and a multiple-choice content test. In total, over 2,500 students from 10 colleges in Southern California participated.…

Freeing Speech: Proverbial Wisdom and Faith Formation as Liberation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Willhauck, Susan

2013-01-01

It is crucial to recover the practice of seeking and refining ways to speak of faith. Certain sayings, idioms, maxims, and proverbs constituting wisdom from various cultures help shape a faith that is liberative, particularly evident in undervalued and dominated cultures. This article examines proverbial wisdom and the patois of the street to…

Civilising the Natives? Liberal Studies in Further Education Revisited

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Simmons, Robin

2015-01-01

This paper uses Basil Bernstein's work on pedagogic discourses to examine a largely neglected facet of the history of vocational education--the liberal studies movement in English further education colleges. Initially, the paper discusses some of the competing conceptions of education, work and society which underpinned the rise and fall of the…

"In Loco Communitas": Service-Learning and the Liberal Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schwartzman, Roy; Phelps, Greg A.

This essay places service-learning within the liberal arts tradition of empowering others to help themselves. Such a contextualization departs from visions of the student as consumer or customer and education as a means to gain economic advantage in a competitive market. Attention then turns to how even well-intentioned service-learning projects…

Physics as a Part of Liberal Education

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Evans, James

2001-05-01

The natural sciences once had a distinguished place among the liberal arts. Indeed, the arts degree at the medieval university was a science major's degree. The quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, harmonics and astronomy) represented a conscious revival of the school curriculum of late antiquity, which had deep roots in Platonism. In the Middle Ages, all who aspired to enter the higher faculties (theology, medicine, law) had first to take a science degree. This was because scientific education mattered--it offered something essential for understanding both the world of nature and the world of man. When in the twelfth century the lost works of Aristotle were recovered, university professors risked excommunication in order to teach the new philosophy of nature. Aristotle's physics and cosmology passionately mattered, and within a century they had won a place in the core curriculum. A few centuries later, the followers of Descartes risked their careers to get Aristotle back out of the curriculum and Descartes in. Despite the supposed primacy of science in our own day, it has been a long while since comparable battles were waged over a curriculum of physics. In a profound way, the sciences matter less to the broader culture than they once did. In this talk I shall address the question of how this came to be and what purpose physics might have in a program of liberal education.

Natural science majors and liberal education: The impact of a living-learning community

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Hutt, Chris D.

The purpose of this study was to explore the articulated experiences of natural science majors who were participating in a liberal arts living-learning community. Using the American Association of College and University's (2002) report, Greater Expectations as an organizing framework, this study sought to determine how - if at all - students in this learning community were encountering the organizational educational principles consistent with classical and contemporary liberal education. The study was a qualitative inquiry that examined students' precollege experiences and beliefs, their current perceptions on their academic experiences, and student reflections on the meaning of these experiences. The data collected and analyzed in the completion of this study consisted of a series of 19 individual interviews with students enrolled in both a natural science major and in a living- learning community (LLC). Analysis of the interview data led the researcher to identify four themes: (a) Students attributed intellectual growth to experiences in both the major and the LLC, and that the science curriculum was in some ways separated from the liberal arts curriculum; (b) Students experienced and defined diversity in meaningful ways; (c) Physical place and social space of the LLC contributed significantly to the program; and (d) Students reflected learning experiences and outcomes consistent with both classical and contemporary liberal educational environments. Ultimately, the students in this study viewed their participation in the LLC as a meaningful supplement to the science major. Further analysis of the findings, as well as conclusions and recommendations for both policy and practice, are discussed in the final chapter of the study.

Adult-child sex and the limits of liberal sexual morality.

PubMed

Malón, Agustin

2015-05-01

This article is a critical review of the most common arguments in the specialized literature about the moral status of sexual relationships between adults and prepubescent children. The intent is to reveal how the usual ethical analysis of these experiences, done from a general sexual morality, with a Kantian and utilitarian basis, very clearly shows us the limits and contradictions of contemporary liberal morality regarding sexual matters. It leaves open the possibility that, under certain circumstances, these relationships may be morally admissible. Some shortcomings and contradictions in these liberal arguments suggest that it would be of interest to refer to other authors and ideas to value adult-child sex, approaches that are based on a specific sexual morality concerning the issue of sexual virtues and a more complex conception of human sexual desire. Some of the scientific implications of these moral issues are also discussed.

Creating clones, kids & chimera: liberal democratic compromise at the crossroads.

PubMed

Adams, Nathan A

2004-01-01

The objective of this article is to find middle ground between the supporters and opponents of biotechnology by perpetuating the existing legal compromise pertaining to the complete range of health and welfare doctrines relevant to the biotechnological industry. The author aspires neither to add to nor detract from this liberal democratic consensus, but to preserve its constitutive balance between positivism and natural law and over-regulation and under-regulation in the hopes of stabilizing new political fault lines developing around the few biotechnological innovations already grabbing headlines. The most feasible solution is to extend the existing liberal democratic compromise with respect to equal protection, reproductive rights, the First Amendment, human subject experimentation, patent law, and parental rights. This includes banning or monopolizing certain biotechnologies and extending substantive special respect to the ex vivo living human embryo. Biotechnology must not be left to regulate itself.

The Unifying Moral Dyad: Liberals and Conservatives Share the Same Harm-Based Moral Template.

PubMed

Schein, Chelsea; Gray, Kurt

2015-08-01

Do moral disagreements regarding specific issues (e.g., patriotism, chastity) reflect deep cognitive differences (i.e., distinct cognitive mechanisms) between liberals and conservatives? Dyadic morality suggests that the answer is "no." Despite moral diversity, we reveal that moral cognition--in both liberals and conservatives--is rooted in a harm-based template. A dyadic template suggests that harm should be central within moral cognition, an idea tested--and confirmed--through six specific hypotheses. Studies suggest that moral judgment occurs via dyadic comparison, in which counter-normative acts are compared with a prototype of harm. Dyadic comparison explains why harm is the most accessible and important of moral content, why harm organizes--and overlaps with--diverse moral content, and why harm best translates across moral content. Dyadic morality suggests that various moral content (e.g., loyalty, purity) are varieties of perceived harm and that past research has substantially exaggerated moral differences between liberals and conservatives. © 2015 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.

The English or Foreign Language Major and Liberal Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Liberal Education, 2009

2009-01-01

Study in language, literature, and culture has long been a defining feature of education in the liberal arts. Speaking, reading, and writing have traditionally stood at the heart of education because the arts of language and the tools of literacy are key qualifications for full participation in social, political, economic, and cultural life. Today…

Extensive Graded Reading in the Liberal Arts and Sciences

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Poulshock, Joseph

2010-01-01

For this research, learners did extensive graded reading (EGR) with traditional graded readers, and they also interacted with short graded stories in the liberal arts and sciences (LAS). This study describes the purpose and format of the LAS stories used by hundreds of university students and adult learners in Japan. It summarizes the results of…

Cost, Quality and Enrollment Demand at Liberal Arts Colleges

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buss, Christian; Parker, Jeffrey; Rivenburg, Jon

2004-01-01

This paper examines the effects of cost, quality and macroeconomic factors on the demand for higher education (represented by the share of admitted freshmen choosing to enroll) at a group of selective liberal arts colleges over the period from 1988 to 1998. Students are segregated by their financial-aid status with different demand equations…

A Critique of the Rational Individual of Liberal Democracy.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

St. Pierre, Elizabeth Adams

The gap between the theory of democracy and its practice is nowhere more evident than in the classroom, where the teachers charged with transmitting democratic values to the next generation of citizens can only repeat democracy's failures. Some people would like to separate liberalism from the concept of democracy, since they believe that the…

The Effect of a Truly Liberal Education on Society.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Earl, Archie W., Sr.

A liberal education (in which the student is exposed to a variety of different religions, political systems, economic systems, cultures, types of art work, and types of music) helps the student develop an appreciation of all these entities. In college, students are drawn from different states and school districts, and even different parts of the…

Can education change the world? Education amplifies differences in liberalization values and innovation between developed and developing countries.

PubMed

Van Hiel, Alain; Van Assche, Jasper; De Cremer, David; Onraet, Emma; Bostyn, Dries; Haesevoets, Tessa; Roets, Arne

2018-01-01

The present study investigated the relationship between level of education and liberalization values in large, representative samples administered in 96 countries around the world (total N = 139,991). These countries show meaningful variation in terms of the Human Development Index (HDI), ranging from very poor, developing countries to prosperous, developed countries. We found evidence of cross-level interactions, consistently showing that individuals' level of education was associated with an increase in their liberalization values in higher HDI societies, whereas this relationship was curbed in lower HDI countries. This enhanced liberalization mindset of individuals in high HDI countries, in turn, was related to better scores on national indices of innovation. We conclude that this 'education amplification effect' widens the gap between lower and higher HDI countries in terms of liberalized mentality and economic growth potential. Policy implications for how low HDI countries can counter this gap are discussed.

Liberation Psychology as the Path toward Healing Cultural Soul Wounds

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Duran, Eduardo; Firehammer, Judith; Gonzalez, John

2008-01-01

Oppression resulting in soul wounding has afflicted indigenous communities and the counseling profession. Internalized oppression has become part of oppressive practices inflicted on communities served. The authors delineate a liberation psychology that leads toward the psychological and spiritual emancipation of individual clients, communities,…

The Four-Year Liberal Arts College Library: A Descriptive Profile.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Buttlar, Lois; Garcha, Rajinder

1995-01-01

Presents a study of staffing, services, budgets, collections, and facilities of small academic libraries and offers a statistical and demographic profile of a four-year liberal arts college library. Results are presented in tables, and an appendix lists coding sheets used for the study. (JMV)

Extremism and Neo-Liberal Education Policy: A Contextual Critique of the Trojan Horse Affair in Birmingham Schools

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arthur, James

2015-01-01

This paper offers new insights into the effects of neo-liberal education policies on some Muslim majority schools in Birmingham. It critically reveals how the implementation of neo-liberal education policies, pursued by both Labour and Conservative Governments, has contributed to the failure of some mechanisms of school leadership and governance.…

Liberation of fermentable sugars from soybean hull biomass using ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate and their bioconversion to ethanol.

PubMed

da Cunha-Pereira, Fernanda; Rech, Rosane; Záchia Ayub, Marco Antônio; Pinheiro Dillon, Aldo; Dupont, Jairton

2016-03-01

Optimized hydrolysis of lignocellulosic waste biomass is essential to achieve the liberation of sugars to be used in fermentation process. Ionic liquids (ILs), a new class of solvents, have been tested in the pretreatment of cellulosic materials to improve the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis of the biomass. Optimized application of ILs on biomass is important to advance the use of this technology. In this research, we investigated the effects of using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([bmim][Ac]) on the decomposition of soybean hull, an abundant cellulosic industrial waste. Reaction aspects of temperature, incubation time, IL concentration, and solid load were optimized before carrying out the enzymatic hydrolysis of this residue to liberate fermentable glucose. Optimal conditions were found to be 75°C, 165 min incubation time, 57% (mass fraction) of [bmim][Ac], and 12.5% solid loading. Pretreated soybean hull lost its crystallinity, which eased enzymatic hydrolysis, confirmed by Fourier Transform Infrared analysis. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the biomass using an enzyme complex from Penicillium echinulatum liberated 92% of glucose from the cellulose matrix. The hydrolysate was free of any toxic compounds, such as hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural. The obtained hydrolysate was tested for fermentation using Candida shehatae HM 52.2, which was able to convert glucose to ethanol at yields of 0.31. These results suggest the possible use of ILs for the pretreatment of some lignocellulosic waste materials, avoiding the formation of toxic compounds, to be used in second-generation ethanol production and other fermentation processes. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 32:312-320, 2016. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers.

Active Learning in a Math for Liberal Arts Classroom

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lenz, Laurie

2015-01-01

Inquiry-based learning is a topic of growing interest in the mathematical community. Much of the focus has been on using these methods in calculus and higher-level classes. This article describes the design and implementation of a set of inquiry-based learning activities in a Math for Liberal Arts course at a small, private, Catholic college.…

Employability and the Liberal Arts: A Career Readiness Initiative

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Brown, Katherine E.

2015-01-01

When discussing the role of higher education as it applies to students, responses often devolve into two opposing camps: one for people who advocate for and defend the role of liberal arts education as basic to the preservation of democracy and freedom, and the other for people who care about the connection between what students learn in…

The Non-Cognitive Challenge to a Liberal Egalitarian Education

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Morton, Jennifer M.

2011-01-01

Political liberalism, conceived of as a response to the diversity of conceptions of the good in multicultural societies, aims to put forward a proposal for how to organize political institutions that is acceptable to a wide range of citizens. It does so by remaining neutral between reasonable conceptions of the good while giving all citizens a…