The advances in transmission technology that are necessary if the maximum installed efficiency of the powerplant is to be achieved by aerospace turboprop and ultra high bypass designs are outlined. Gears will continue to be designed to achieve a virtually...

To accommodate changes in digital data requirements and to capitalize on the evolution of the DCS to digital operation, a Data Transmission Network (DTN) is being planned to achieve a more efficient and effective transmission of data. This report document...

The available transfer capacity of a transmission route is traditionally limited by deterministic security constraints. More efficient and flexible network utilization could be achieved with probabilistic planning methods. This report introduces a simple ...

A metal waveguide is coupled to a dielectric waveguide to obtain transmission of light in a plasmon mode along an edge of the metal waveguide. Efficient, broadband light transmission is obtained, achieving a low insertion loss, using standard processing t...

... was the OH58A helicopter main transmission. ... vibration signature of the transmission. ... Transmissions(Mechanical), *Helicopters, Efficiency, Viscosity ...

objectives do not favor transmission investment New business models needed: Are ITC's a better model? 22 energy assets. Not an efficient structure for transmission investment. RTO/ISO type model can overcome/RTO and transmission owner � Get buy-in/cooperation of state regulators 8. Achieving ...

The design and performance of a conductively cooled alexandrite laser system is presented. This laser has achieved outputs of greater than 2 J long pulse (greater than 3 percent overall efficiency) at 4 Hz and 0.5 J Q-switched (greater than 1 percent overall efficiency) at 10 Hz. High efficiency fiber optic ...

The optimization of microwave energy transmission for a satellite solar power system is considered. Attention is given to the achievement of maximum energy transmission efficiency between apertures for a fixed ratio of the maximum power density at the receiving antenna to the power density at its edge. Non-Gaussian ...

There has been much interest in a wide ratio range automatic transmission because of its better fuel economy. The improvement is a result of being able to operate the engine at more economical operating conditions. This can be achieved via a continuously variable transmission or a discrete ratio transmission. The ...

HARMAN technology's new holographic emulsions; red sensitive and green sensitive assisted by smaller grain sizes, novel sensitization and coating technology have been shown to achieve high diffraction efficiencies and narrow band reconstruction capabilities. Authors demonstrate processing optimizations and material behavior characteristics for ...

Efficient human-to-human transmission is a necessary property for the generation of a pandemic influenza virus. To date, only influenza A viruses within the H1-H3 subtypes have achieved this capacity. However, sporadic cases of severe disease in individuals following infection with avian influenza A viruses over the past decade, and ...

A newly developed satellite access method called AA/TDMA is presented. Short transmission delay can be achieved for transaction type traffic, and at the same time high throughput efficiency can be realized for batch traffic. The error control and the flow...

The output of an analog source is often converted to digital form for transmission over a noisy channel. Overall communication system efficiency demands that this digitization be done in a manner that minimizes the data rate required to achieve a certain ...

We will investigate the RF transmitter architecture that can achieve the highest DC-to-RF conversion efficiency. GaN-based devices, which have been proven to ...

Babesia, the causal agent of babesiosis, are tick-borne apicomplexan protozoa. True babesiae (Babesia genus sensu stricto) are biologically characterized by direct development in erythrocytes and by transovarial transmission in the tick. A large number of true Babesia species have been described in various vertebrate and tick hosts. This review presents the genus then ...

Theoretical and experimental ion-optical studies of multistage isotope-ratio mass spectrometers were conducted to determine what improvement in ion transmission efficiency might be attainable through design changes. The computer program GIOS (General Ion Optical Systems) was used to perform theoretical calculations of focusing properties and ion ...

The efficiency of photovoltaic generators based on different semiconductor materials with optimized band gaps can achieve considerably higher values than those contained with single-junction solar cells. A new type of concentrating system is presented which allows high concentration and simultaneous splitting of the spectral region. This dispersive and ...

The design and performance of a new type of high-efficiency diffraction grating for use in either transmission or reflection are described. The gratings are produced in a multilayer dielectric coating deposited upon optically flat substrates. By proper design of the multilayer stack and grating structure, a diffraction efficiency in ...

The design and performance of a new type of high-efficiency diffraction grating for use in either transmission or reflection are described. The gratings are produced in a multilayer dielectric coating deposited upon optically flat substrates. By proper design of the multilayer stack and grating structure, a diffraction efficiency in ...

Increased power density efficiency of electric utility rights-of-way can be achieved by using a 6-phase configuration instead of the conventional 3-phase method for power transmission. This high phase order (HPO) transmission employs the inherent insulation characteristics of multiphase conductor arrays to increase ...

A selection of belt type and construction from industrial, automotive, and agricultural applications was tested and compared for idling loss and power transmission efficiency. Data are documented for Vee, joined-V, V-ribbed, and synchronous belt types and for cogged, plain, and laminated V-belt constructions. The level of energy savings ...

It is known that the thermoelectric efficiency of nanowires increases when their diameter decreases. Recently, we proposed that increase of the thermoelectric efficiency could be achieved by modulating the diameter of the nanowires. We showed that the electron thermoelectric properties depend strongly on the geometry of the diameter ...

High bandwidth requirements in multimedia transmission make the efficient use of limited network resource a challenging task, especially when multiple clients make their requests to the server simultaneously. In this paper, we propose a self-adjusted network transmission mechanism for multiple clients. Instead of assigning a fixed ...

We have constructed a three-stage isotope-ratio mass spectrometer of unique ion-optical design that achieves high ion transmission efficiency and high abundance sensitivity. The spectrometer has tandem 90(degrees) -deflection magnets with boundaries 18(de...

A spatial light modulator with a thin (1-microm) amorphous silicon (PIN) photoconductor has been demonstrated with a threshold sensitivity of <3 microw/cm(2). A novel compound electrode design greatly increases the efficiency allowing the use of a photoconductive layer thin enough to achieve good transmission. The performance ...

... Title : THE EFFICIENT ACHIEVEMENT OF RAPID TECHNOLOGICAL PROGRESS-A MAJOR NEW PROBLEM IN PUBLIC FINANCE,. ...

We propose a possible route to achieve high thermoelectric efficiency in molecular junctions by combining a local chemical tuning of the molecular electronic states with the use of semiconducting electrodes. The former allows to control the position of the highest-occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) transmission resonance with respect to ...

How the mass, operating temperature, and efficiency of a transmission line operating on the moon are

The long dipoles, which are also used for transmission, are electronically tuned to optimize the transmission efficiency. A number of different waveforms ...

We report on very high coupling efficiencies into rod-type photonic crystal (PC) slabs with unmodified interfaces. Three-dimensional finite difference time domain simulations show that reflected powers of less than 1.5% can be achieved for incident angles from 0� to more than 25�. We use this property to design a beam combiner exhibiting both high ...

This updated and revised book, based on the best-selling first edition, will address how motors and motor systems can achieve greater efficiency through efficient motors, motor management, optimized controls, improved component sizing and repair, better transmission hardware, and comprehensive monitoring and ...

Digital transmission, bandwidth compression, signal regeneration on board communication satellites, and TDMA are some of the techniques being used to improve transmission efficiency. The replacement of large numbers of small single-function satellites by a few multiple-function ones is envisioned as a means of reducing ...

A communication system is disclosed which uses an electromagnetic energy reflector or mirror kept in outer space by electromagnetic radiation pressure. Using this system line-of-sight electromagnetic wave transmission could be provide to areas lacking line-of-sight broadcasting or ground relay stations without the use of earth orbiting satellites or long cables. In addition, ...

A detailed analysis of adiabatic coupling between conventional photonic crystal single-line-defect and coupled-resonator optical waveguides is reported. Adiabatic coupling by progressive variation of the radii of the spacing defects between cavities is investigated. Flat transmission spectra with coupling efficiencies greater than 90% are ...

... discontinuity may be characterised by the transmission efficiency which is defined as the ratio between the transmitted wave power and the incident ...

... Title : Efficient Rectenna Design for Wireless Power Transmission for MAV Applications. Descriptive Note : Master's thesis. ...

... Accession Number : AD0740843. Title : Efficient Data Transmission. Descriptive Note : Technical rept. Corporate Author ...

... Accession Number : AD0294438. Title : COMPUTING EFFICIENCY OF POWER TRANSMISSION ON A RADIO-FREQUENCY LINE. ...

Light confinement to sub-wavelength spot sizes is proposed and realized in tapered optical fibers. To achieve high transmission efficiencies, light propagating along the taper is combined with the excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) at its tip. PMID:19399144

Multimode interference power splitters based on hybrid plasmonic waveguides are investigated theoretically. Balanced power splitting is achieved in designed 1 � 3 and 1 � 2 power splitters between a silicon-on-insulator waveguide and several hybrid plasmonic waveguides, with total transmission efficiencies at 76.1% and 78.3% at the ...

the model by comparison with a transmissive 1.55-�m uniform volume grating in photothermorefractive glass, "High-efficiency Bragg gratings in photothermorefractive glass", Appl. Opt. 38, 619-27 (1999). 6. I in photothermorefractive (PTR) glass show these gratings achieve diffraction efficiencies near 100%, ...

In this paper, we propose and investigate a bandwidth-efficient multicast routing protocol for ad-hoc networks. The proposed protocol achieves low communication overhead, namely, it requires a small number of control packet transmissions for route setup a...

A critical need in Mobile Wireless Sensor Network (MWSN) is to achieve energy efficiency during routing as the sensor nodes have scarce energy resource. The nodes' mobility in MWSN poses a challenge to design an energy efficient routing protocol. Clustering helps to achieve energy efficiency by ...

The polarization and transmission characteristics of freestanding gold transmission gratings, with 200-nm periods, for extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) radiation ([ital l] [lt] 200 nm) have been measured. We find that EUV transmission through the gratings is dominated by the waveguide characteristics of the gratings and that polarization ...

Laser power transmission from the satellite power system (SPS) to terrestrial receptor sites can be subject to severe attenuation due to various meteorological conditions. Using mitigation techniques which minimize the deleterious effects of inclimate weather on propagation, preliminary receptor siting criteria were defined and 22 candidate sites in the contiguous United ...

A one-dimensional transmission color filter based on a resonant waveguide-metallic subwavelength grating was numerically investigated by employing rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) and genetic algorithm (GA). The hybrid numerical method is used to determine the optimal parameters (the grating period, filling factor, grating thickness, and waveguide thickness) of two ...

Dual-chamber pneumatic vibration isolators have a wide range of applications for vibration isolation of vibration-sensitive equipment. Recent advances in precision machine tools and instruments such as medical devices and those related to nano-technology require better isolation performance, which can be efficiently achieved by precise modeling- and ...

Low-dimensional electronic systems in thermoelectrics have the potential to achieve high thermal-to-electric energy conversion efficiency. A key measure of performance is the efficiency when the device is operated under maximum power conditions. Here we study the efficiency at maximum power, in the absence of ...

... a 310-kW (420-hp) helicopter transmission planetary test ... Descriptors : *HELICOPTERS, *TRANSMISSION GEARS, COMPUTATIONS, EFFICIENCY ...

Multipurpose active capsule endoscopes have drawn considerable attention in recent years, but these devices continue to suffer from energy limitations. A wireless power supply system is regarded as a practical way to overcome the power shortage problem in such devices. This paper focuses on the efficiency optimization of a wireless energy supply system with size and safety ...

This paper discusses an improved technique for bandwidth-efficient and secure transmission of medical records over simulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX)/IEEE 802.16 physical layer. Medical data compaction along with security has been achieved by ...

... 67), and comparisons made ... for the SNOBOL4 programming language. ... TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS, PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES, EFFICIENCY ...

A ring resonator using a single 2�2 MMI as the coupler section has the distinct advantages of low sensitivity to fabrication error, temperature, wavelength and polarisation. However, the coupling coefficient of the 2�2 MMI coupler is fixed; hence, the performance of this type of device is limited, e.g. transmission spectrum with high extinction ratio is difficult to ...

The results of an investigation of the technology of free-space power transmission by microwave beam are presented. A description of the steps that were taken to increase the overall dc to dc efficiency of microwave power transmission from 15 percent to over 50 percent is given. Included in this overall efficiency ...

Multiple frequency electron cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) is required in the anchor regions of MFTF-B. The requirement for a high transmission efficiency as well as some aspects of the operating environment make a quasi-optical transmission system attractive (neutron activation and damage of materials, x-rays, rf window coolant ...

Efficient bi-directional multi-hop wireless networks based on MIMO algorithm or network coding have been proposed in recent papers. This paper proposes a new technique named as MIMO network coding, that is a combination of network coding and MIMO algorithm for multi-hop relay networks. By using MIMO network coding, co-channel interference cancellation and ...

The design and fabrication of dielectric grating structures with high diffraction efficiency used in reflection or transmission is described. By forming a multilayer structure of alternating index dielectric materials and placing a grating structure on top of the multilayer, a diffraction grating of adjustable efficiency, and variable ...

The design and fabrication of dielectric grating structures with high diffraction efficiency used in reflection or transmission is described. By forming a multilayer structure of alternating index dielectric materials and placing a grating structure on top of the multilayer, a diffraction grating of adjustable efficiency, and variable ...

By multiplexing two OFDM signals with the same channel space and bit rate together in an interleaved mode, a novel optical multiplexing scheme is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. Since the channel space is halved, the spectral efficiency is doubled compared with conventional OFDM. It is proved that the orthogonality between the subcarriers is maintained as long as the ...

Ultra-long Raman fiber lasers (URFL) have shown great potential in applications including supercontinuum generation, multiwavelength signal processing and quasi-lossless transmission. In this manuscript we focus our attention on the latter, briefly reviewing some of the available tools for the study and numerical optimization of ultra-long laser cavity ...

In this paper the linewidth of widely tunable SG-DBR lasers has been investigated theoretically and experimentally. We demonstrate experimentally the importance of obtaining low linewidth operation for the application of SG-DBR laser with advanced modulation format transmission. This is achieved by choosing two sets of tuning currents for an SG-DBR laser ...

The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically ...

The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically ...

The traveling-wave photodetector of the present invention combines an absorptive optical waveguide and an electrical transmission line, in which optical absorption in the waveguide results in a photocurrent at the electrodes of the electrical transmission line. The optical waveguide and electrical transmission line of the electrically ...

This paper presents a method for structural response reconstruction in the full structure or in a substructure, using the generalized transmissibility concept in frequency domain. The response reconstruction is based on transforming the measured responses into responses at other selected locations with the transmissibility matrix. The use of ...

We have studied the propagation of hard x rays in a planar x-ray waveguide with a sub-20 nm guiding layer. To optimize the transmission and to minimize absorption losses, a novel waveguide design based on a two-component cladding was implemented. Optimized transmission is achieved by placing an appropriate interlayer between the ...

We compress phase-shift digital holograms (whole Fresnel fields) for the transmission of three-dimensional images. For real-time networking applications, the time required to compress can be as critical as the compression rate. We achieve lossy compression through quantization of both the real and imaginary streams, followed by a bit packing operation. ...

We compress phase-shift digital holograms (whole Fresnel fields) for the transmission of three-dimensional images. For real-time networking applications, the time required to compress can be as critical as the compression rate. We achieve lossy compression through quantization of both the real and imaginary streams, followed by a bit packing operation. ...

Abstract � This paper aims at an effective resource management scheme for ultra-wideband (UWB) networks where the inherent spread spectrum supports simultaneous transmissions. In specific, we present a transmission frame structure tailoring to the UWB characteristics, and develop a novel control message exchange procedure. Furthermore, we propose ...

ABSTRACT: It is known that the thermoelectric efficiency of nanowires increases when their diameter decreases. Recently, we proposed that increase of the thermoelectric efficiency could be achieved by modulating the diameter of the nanowires. We showed that the electron thermoelectric properties depend strongly on the geometry of the ...

We present semitransparent small-molecule organic solar cells (OSC) deposited by thermal evaporation onto indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass substrates. The devices employ ITO-free ultrathin metal layers as top electrodes, containing 1 nm metal surfactant interlayer for improved morphology. Using a bulk heterojunction of zinc phthalocyanine and C60, sandwiched in between doped dedicated transport ...

Characteristics of Tm:YAG ceramic for high efficient 2-?m lasers are analyzed. Efficient diode end-pumped continuous-wave and Q-switched Tm:YAG ceramic lasers are demonstrated. At the absorbed pump power of 53.2W, the maximum continuous wave (cw) output power of 17.2 W around 2016 nm was obtained with the output transmission of 5%. The ...

A robust wireless video transmission scheme using MPEG video Markup Language (MPML) with adaptive error correction codes (ECCs) is proposed in this work. MPML can provide selective description for various MPEG video components to meet the special application requirements. We present an efficient MPML compression algorithm to reduce the size of MPML ...

We report an optofluidic photoswitchable grating, based on a polydimethylsiloxane periodic structure on a glass substrate, separated by a thin liquid crystal film. The polydimethylsiloxane microstructure was realized via high resolution replica molding and was employed to both confine and align a photosensitive nematic liquid crystal. In the absence of any surface treatment, the liquid crystal ...

We propose a cross-connection and a T-connection in periodic dielectric waveguides (PDWs) with ultrasmall size and high transmission efficiency at ? = 1.55 ?m. The cross-connection was formed by introducing a 3 � 3 square dielectric resonant cavity at the cross-junction with a crosstalk of less than 0.8% (about ? 21 dB) and a ...

Intestinal parasites have become a serious public health problem in tropical countries because of the climate and the difficulty of achieving efficient hygiene. The objectives of this journal issue are to increase awareness of the individual and collective repercussions of intestinal parasites, describe the current conditions of contamination and clinical ...

We study the preparation and distribution of high-fidelity multiparty entangled states via noisy channels and operations. In the particular case of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger and cluster states, we study different strategies using bipartite or multipartite purification protocols. The most efficient strategy depends on the target fidelity one wishes to ...

Transmission sources used for image attenuation correction, allowing image quantification, are collimated to reduce scatter. We propose the same effect can be achieved for an uncollimated source by increasing source to patient distance. The aim was to compare planar image performance characteristics and absorbed doses of uncollimated and collimated ...

A quantum secure direct communication protocol with cluster states is proposed. Compared with the deterministic secure quantum communication protocol with the cluster state proposed by Yuan and Song ( Int. J. Quant. Inform., 2009, 7: 689), this protocol can achieve higher intrinsic efficiency by using two-step transmission. The ...

Performance of the Knudsen pump is studied numerically to find out effective configurations not only for the finally achieved separation and compression rates, but also for its time efficiency. A system of convection-diffusion equations with transmission conditions, which have been derived from the Boltzmann equation under the narrow ...

The Jazz file format is intended to be a replacement for the JAR file format when used for storage and distribution of Java programs. A Jazz file is compressed to a degree that far exceeds what is possible with a JAR file. The smaller size of the Jazz format permits faster transmission speeds over a network and has the additional benefit of conserving disk storage. The ...

A Magnetohydrodynamic Power Plant, designed to be the prime mover for a Naval Vessel, is presented. The system is an open cycle, fossil fueled, subsonic MHD Faraday generator with directly fired air preheaters. A superconducting electric transmission drives the propellers and a standard naval steam plant is used as a bottoming cycle. The increased overall ...

We report the growth of ZnSe nanowires and nanoneedles using molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Different growth regimes were found, depending on growth temperature and the Zn-Se flux ratio. By employing a combined MBE growth of nanowires and nanoneedles without any postprocessing of the sample, we achieved an efficient suppression of stacking fault defects. ...

A Magnetohydrodynamic Power Plant, designed to be the prime mover for a Naval Vessel, is presented. The system is an open cycle, fossil fueled, subsonic MHD Faraday generator with directly fired air preheaters. A superconducting electric transmission drives the propellers and a standard naval steam plant is used as a bottoming cycle. The increased overall ...

In this letter we propose an advanced rate adaptation algorithm that intelligently uses the channel statistics to make fast and efficient selection of transmission rates. Our implementation and simulation results prove that the proposed strategy achieves major latency and throughput improvements on 802.11n products and existing related ...

The Federal Power Commission investigates the state of the art of underground transmission both by alternating and direct current. The report includes an outline of technical and economic problems involved in such transmission, the progress being achieved...

Efficiency tests were conducted using eleven different lubricants in the NASA Lewis Research Center's 500 hp torque regenerative helicopter transmission test stand. The test transmission was the OH58A helicopter main transmission. The mechanical power inp...

for transmission failure detection tlast the timestamp of the last received data tcurrent the timestamp data After detecting transmission failures, a leader node or the base station requests this history of transmissions. Bloom Filter is a space-efficient probabilistic data struc- ture that is used

... of the hair-band and deteriorate a little the characteristics of attenuation. The transmission of the word remains satisfactory, the loss of transmission ...

... Abstract : A-wireless power transmission and communication network that provides efficient interrogation and powering of sensors for use on ...

Nonrelativistic equations of electron motion in varying magnetic and electric fields in a thin-sphere segment are presented. An analysis is given of the geometry-optimization of a collector with the aim of increasing the efficiency of inverse conversion in microwave converters (such as those planned for systems involving microwave power transmission from ...

A study of lateral, vertical, and combined spot-size converters is presented that employs full-vectorial numerical techniques such as modal solution and beam propagation based on the finite-element method. Spot-size expansion, coupling efficiency to an optical fiber, the mode-beating phenomenon, and transmission losses are demonstrated for all three ...

transmission efficiency, at a Tl transmission rate. Reduction of the image data le size .... connectivity, and is therefore an excellent testbed ... telemammography lab in an adjacent building through an intcmal Tl transmission line. ...

SUBTOPIC TITLE: Wireless Power Transmission ... As such they would provide a key technology element for wireless power transmission systems that are based ...

... importance of reducing overhead of certificate transmissions in tactical ... mand line. ... the problem of storage and transmission overhead, especially in ...

Cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), caused by two distinct species, Cassava brown streak Uganda virus (CBSUV) and Cassava brown streak virus (CBSV), is a major constraint to cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) production in Africa. Absence of infectious clones of CBSUV or CBSV and the lack of efficient means of mechanical transmission of CBSD has hampered ...

The concept of a flywheel energy management power plant (FEMP) for automobiles, consisting of an internal combustion engine, an energy-storage flywheel, and a continuously-variable transmission (CVT), has been found to have the potential of greatly increasing fuel economy in urban driving. The improvement occurs because of two factors: (1) The engine is only run at or near its ...

One of the major goals of any electric utility is to improve the efficiency of its power system. Reduction of transmission line losses is one way to achieve this goal. The present paper reveals a significant loss reduction property in a particular phasing arrangement for vertical double circuit transmission lines. ...

With rapid development of electronic imaging and multimedia technology, the telemedicine is applied to modern medical servings in the hospital. Digital medical image is characterized by high resolution, high precision and vast data. The optimized compression algorithm can alleviate restriction in the transmission speed and data storage. This paper describes the characteristics ...

A hybrid powertrain for a vehicle comprising a diesel engine and an electric motor in a parallel arrangement with a multiple ratio transmission located on the torque output side of the diesel engine, final drive gearing connecting drivably the output shaft of transmission to traction wheels of the vehicle, and an electric motor drivably coupled to the ...

We experimentally demonstrate a superior performance of 2.1-Tb/s�km OFDM signal transmission over 100-km long-reach PONs. While the bandwidth of a 100-km SMF transmission system is limited to 4.3 GHz due to positive chirp, we successfully achieve spectrally-efficient 21-Gb/s signaling by using a cost-effective ...

Transmission dynamics and efficient management of vector-borne zoonoses Howard S. Ginsberg, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center

... Accession Number : ADA534405. Title : Efficient Transmission of DoD PKI Certificates in Tactical Networks. Descriptive Note : Research rept. ...

Taper angle variation effect on far infrared transmission efficiency of linearly tapered light pipes

Figure 3.5: The quantum efficiency of the ROSAT PSPC as a function of energy. Included are the window transmission, the average transmission of the window ...

An air waveguide of left-handed photonic crystal (PhC) formed by holographic lithography is proposed. The symmetry mismatch between the incident wave and the Bloch modes of the holographic PhC is used to guide light efficiently. By properly designing the waveguide, backscattering loss can be significantly reduced. Due to the unique advantages of holographic photonic crystals, ...

A scheme of the superimposing additional data signal in the time domain for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) system is proposed. The proposed scheme has a tradeoff between the degree of freedom for data transmission and inter-carrier interference (ICI), which provides the flexibility of data rate decision when the finite number of modulation and coding levels ...

Front surface spectral control filters significantly improve the efficiency of thermophotovoltaic (TPV) converters. Tandem filter designs for 0.52 and 0.60 eV cells were fabricated. Energy and angle weighted spectral efficiencies of {approx}83% for the 0.52 eV application and {approx}76% for the 0.60 eV applications were achieved with ...

We propose theoretical schemes to generate highly entangled cluster state with superconducting qubits in a circuit QED architecture. Charge qubits are located inside a superconducting transmission line, which serves as a quantum data bus. We show that large clusters state can be efficiently generated in just one step with the long-range Ising-like unitary ...

There has been a trend of migration to high spectral efficiency transmission in optical fiber communications for which the frequency guard band between neighboring wavelength channels continues to shrink. In this paper, we derive closed-form analytical expressions for nonlinear system performance of densely spaced coherent optical OFDM (CO-OFDM) systems. ...

In the recent years, there has been significant interest in the new developments and improvements of the rotorcraft transmission systems. The main goal of the rotorcraft transmission research is the reduction of overall gear train weight while maintaining the efficiency and reliability. The Pericyclic Variable-Speed ...

Message contention is inevitable in any random multiple-access communication system. In order to achieve a high percentage of successful transmissions, the behavior of users must be governed by a contention resolution algorithm (CRA). A CRA is characterized by its throughput rate, transmission delay and stability. A challenging design ...

Different challenges are presented by the variety of malaria transmission environments present in the world today. In each setting, improved control for reduction of morbidity is a necessary first step towards the long-range goal of malaria eradication and a priority for regions where the disease burden is high. For many geographic areas where transmission ...

Different challenges are presented by the variety of malaria transmission environments present in the world today. In each setting, improved control for reduction of morbidity is a necessary first step towards the long-range goal of malaria eradication and a priority for regions where the disease burden is high. For many geographic areas where transmission ...

There has been a growing interest in the estimation of information carried by a single neuron and multiple single units or population of neurons to specific stimuli. In this paper we analyze, inspired by article of Levy and Baxter (2002), the efficiency of a neuronal communication by considering dendrosomatic summation as a Shannon-type channel (1948) and by considering such ...

The potential for improved automibile fuel economy as part of the California Energy Commission's transportation fuel demand forecasting effort is evaluated. Such forecasts are required by state law. Various industry and research sources are surveyed to determine the expected time frame and fuel economy impact of advanced technologies. Technical areas addressed include: automobile ...

This study proposes a full duplex 60-GHz band radio-over-fiber (RoF) link using a modified tandem single sideband (TSSB) modulation scheme with frequency doubling. Based on the modified TSSB modulation scheme, no dispersion induced fading is observed; high spectral efficiency vector signal can be utilized; and wavelength reuse can also be achieved. Both ...

We have used standard commercial mass spectrometer components to construct a triple-sector mass spectrometer of unique ion-optical design that achieves exceptional isotope-abundance sensitivity and high ion transmission efficiency. The spectrometer has tandem 90� deflection magnets with off-normal boundaries to provide vertical ...

The aperture illumination of the transmitting antenna for the microwave beam transmission that maximizes the transmission efficiency and receivable power is assumed. The power density outside the receiving antenna is studied, with an allowance made for the electromagnetic environment. It is found that with the maximum ...

...false Water used to achieve energy efficiency. [Reserved] 433.7 Section...ENERGY ENERGY CONSERVATION ENERGY EFFICIENCY STANDARDS FOR THE DESIGN...7 Water used to achieve energy efficiency....

In multi-hop ad hoc wireless networks, it is well known that TCP suffers severe performance degradation. This is due to its window-based approach to transmission control, which injects traffic bursts into the network. These bursts increase the frequency of contention in the MAC layer which forces the dropping of some packets. This paper proposes an ...

We propose a miniature pulse compressor that can be used to compensate the group velocity dispersion that is produced by a commercial femtosecond laser cavity. The compressor is composed of two identical highly efficient deep-etched transmissive gratings. Compared with prism pairs, highly efficient deep-etched ...

This paper presents a wavelength division multiplexing multi-ring architecture with a separate control wavelength for metropolitan area networks. We study the critical problem of low fiber bandwidth utilization that many access ring protocols introduce, especially at high load conditions. In our study this problem is effectively faced by: (1) applying an efficient slotted ...

transmission, there is a substantial efficiency debit associated ... must necessarily minimize this debit. The work factor. (efficiency debit) can be ...

The purpose was to investigate efficiency as related to the work transmission and the metabolic cost

H9N2 avian influenza A viruses are endemic in poultry of many Eurasian countries and have caused repeated human infections in Asia since 1998. To evaluate the potential threat of H9N2 viruses to humans, we investigated the replication and transmission efficiency of H9N2 viruses in the ferret model. Five wild-type (WT) H9N2 viruses, isolated from different ...

Increased access to electricity transmission lines for sellers and buyers of wholesale power could encourage competition in the industry, lower electricity costs, and enhance environmental quality. Achievement of the economic benefits potentially available through increased competition in generation of electricity could be constrained by the absence of ...

Please cite this paper as: Lloyd et�al. (2011) Experimental transmission of avian-like swine H1N1 influenza virus between immunologically na�ve and vaccinated pigs. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 5(5), 357-364. Background? Infection of pigs with swine influenza has been studied experimentally and in the field; however, little information is available on the ...

Developing countries need energy growth to spur economic growth. Yet energy activities contribute significantly to local water pollution and global greenhouse gas emissions. Energy efficiency offers the means to achieve the twin goals of sustainable economic/social development and environmental protection. Energy efficiency increases ...

The relationship between malaria transmission intensity and efficiency is important for malaria epidemiology, for the design of randomized control trials that measure transmission or incidence as end points, and for measuring and modelling malaria transmission and control. Five kinds of studies published over the ...