This paper presents an approach for compressing litho hotspot pattern library that complies with general purpose pattern matching engine (GPPME). This approach incorporates two techniques to achieve optimal pattern reduction. The first technique excludes polygons outside the optical diameter to reduce numerical noise related to a square ambit which artificially may affect a ...

A three-dimensional, coarse-mesh, nonlinear, robust core model adapted to the specific requirements of a digital power distribution control system for boiling water reactors (BWRs) is presented. Optimal core power control can be achieved with a coarse power distribution description if the simulation is accurate enough. A two-stage concept is used to make the model both ...

... and Klette, O(log m) step algorithms using m matrix processors are described for the exact determination of the Moore-Penrose generalized inverse ...

Compressive sensing (CS) is a theory about that one may achieve a nearly exact signal reconstruction from the fewer samples, if the signal is sparse or compressible under some basis. The reconstruction of signal can be obtained by solving a convex program, which is equivalent to a LASSO problem with l1-formulation. In this paper, we propose a stage-wise ...

... by means of the Fast Multipole Method (FISC), the ... "Exact non-reflecting boundary conditions based on ... "Fast High-Order High-Frequency Solvers in ...

... the potential in the trap depends on the axial coordinate and ... low viscosity; boundary conditions can be imposed exactly; the Fast Fourier Transform ...

We have developed a method that uses an arbitrary symplectic tracking code to generate an exactly symplectic full-turn or multi-turn map. The map is obtained from a generating function, which is a finite Fourier series in the final angle coordinates, the Fourier coefficients being represented as a B-spline series in the initial action coordinates. We ...

We experimentally demonstrate an extremely simple technique to achieve pulse advancements in optical fibers by using both spontaneous amplified and stimulated Brillouin scattering. It is shown that the group velocity of a light signal is all-optically controlled by its average power while it propagates through an optical fiber. The signal generates an intense back-propagating ...

Analytical expressions are demonstrated for fast calculations of time-harmonic and transient near-field pressures generated by triangular pistons. These fast expressions remove singularities from the impulse response, thereby reducing the computation time and the peak numerical error with a general formula that describes the near-field pressure produced by ...

Analytical expressions are demonstrated for fast calculations of time-harmonic and transient near-field pressures generated by triangular pistons. These fast expressions remove singularities from the impulse response, thereby reducing the computation time and the peak numerical error with a general formula that describes the near-field pressure produced by ...

The ceramic beam tubes for the fast and abort kickers and the bucker and pinger magnets used at Fermilab must meet a number of exacting requirements. The tubes must be long and sufficiently straight so as not to limit magnet design. They must have wall strength capable of withstanding the atmospheric and mechanical forces encountered during construction ...

... Accession Number : ADD808530. Title : Achieving Product and Service Fast-Time-to-Market Objectives. Descriptive Note : Journal article,. ...

Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is one of the key methods for studying the structure of matter on different levels (sub-nuclear, nuclear, atomic, molecular, cellular, etc). Its overall success critically depends upon reliable mathematical analysis and interpretation of the studied data. This is especially aided by parametric signal processing with the ensuing data quantification, which can ...

as the nation'_ finest craftsmen can achieve. The single-purpose character of our spacecraft is not exactly of our own choosing. Nature has perversely ...

Linear Algebra in SAGE Robert Bradshaw October 7, 2006 Robert Bradshaw Linear Algebra in SAGE #12;Goals Extremely fast dense (and sparse) exact linear algebra. Robert Bradshaw Linear Algebra in SAGE #12;Goals Extremely fast dense (and sparse) exact linear algebra. Fast We should be able to be ...

In recent years, a variety of chaos-based image cryptosystems have been proposed. The key used for encryption/decryption is usually independent of the plain-image. To achieve a satisfactory level of security, at least two overall rounds of the substitution-diffusion process are required so that a change in any pixels of the plain-image spreads over the whole cipher-image. ...

Page 1. A Computational Library Using P-adic Arithmetic for Exact ... A p-adic Computational Library for fast Computation in Quantum Computing 5b. ...

Improved lixiscope utilizes fast-decay scintillators and multiple or curved microchannels to achieve

... THIS WAS ACHIEVED IN SMALL RECTANGULAR SHAPED SPECIMENS BY ADDING A TONGUE TO ONE SIDE EXTENDING THE INTENDED ...

... As a fast ... narrow and unshifted resonance lines.["l In addf ion, the cavity ... detection scheme, we frequency modulate the input laser beam at exactly ...

We demonstrate supersymmetry in the counting statistics of stochastic particle currents and use it to derive exact nonperturbative relations for the statistics of currents induced by arbitrarily fast time-dependent protocols.

... on a naive implementation of Gaussian elimination and ... Fast exact planning in markov decision processes. ... Machine Learning, 13:103�130, 1993. ...

synergistic group transport of autonomous robots. ..... introduced by the initial conditions and the simulation with a thermostat, we can think of the .... toward the optimal value, and then to focus ever more tightly on the exact ...

... the Cnlomb potential has exactly the same type of singularity at the origin as realistic nuclear potentials (ie, Yukawa e " r/r), and it is the Page 4. ...

Jan 29, 2010 ... are primarily of interest since, from a practical point of view, we need to extract large embedded networks fast. In fact, a number of heuristics ...

... Development Test and Evaluation (RDT&E) data. ... exactly the same envelope and gives ... KEYWORDS: (u) performance, analysis, Gabor transform ...

This paper describes a scheme for implementing a binary counter with chemical reactions. The value of the counter is encoded by logical values of "0" and "1" that correspond to the absence and presence of specific molecular types, respectively. It is incremented when molecules of a trigger type are injected. Synchronization is achieved with reactions that produce a sustained ...

With all of the resources available for environmental compliance, searching for the right tool can be an overwhelming task unless you know exactly what is needed, where to look and how. Today`s computer superhighway provides users with fast access to all types of information; however, what seems to be important is not so much getting information on ...

The computation difficulties in the transport equation solution applied to fast reactors can be reduced by the development of approximate models, assuming that the continuous moderation holds. Two approximations were studied. The first one was based on an...

Avalanch transistor circuits are used to achieve fast optical switching of a high power Nd: YAG laser. A Motorola 2N5551 circuit was employed. (AIP)

behaviors when a large adaptive gain is used to achieve fast adaptation in order to ... due to fast adaptation can be an issue. In certain applications ...

Mass spectrometry-based proteomics has greatly benefitted from enormous advances in highresolution instrumentation in recent years. In particular, the combination of a linear ion trap with the Orbitrap analyzer has proven to be a popular instrument configuration.Complementing this hybrid trap-trap instrument, as well as the standalone Orbitrap analyzer termed Exactive, we here ...

In medicine, a change in the documentation of rendered services and therapeutic results is currently taking place. Previously, simple standards were sufficed to document the quality and effectiveness of a treatment. In the case of surgical and dermatological treatments, the therapy was initiated according to diagnosis and indication and ended with a histological examination and confirmation of the ...

A Simple Fast Exact Density Calculation Algorithm Hua Xiang Chris Chu Ruchir Puri IBM T.J. Watson smaller, faster and cheaper chips. A fundamental problem in the density control is how to calculate performance predictability and yield. A fundamental problem in the density control is how to calculate density

The author shows how to write an exact cavity-mode expansion and obtains formally simple yet exact equations of motion for real laser cavities with large output coupling and/or diffraction losses, using the actual transverse eigenmodes of the cavity as a basis set, and including fast transient variations, externally injected signals, ...

Figure 1: (a) shoulder twist deformed by linear blend skinning produces the candy-wrapper artifact, (b) bounding spheres for linear blend skinning refitted by [Kavan and Zara 2005a], (c) the same posture deformed by spherical blend skinning [Kavan and Zara 2005b], (d) bounding spheres for spherical blend skinning refitted using the algorithm introduced in this paper. Efficient refitting of ...

We describe a simple and efficient algorithm for two-view triangulation of 3D points from approximate 2D matches based on minimizing the L2 reprojection error. Our iterative algorithm improves on the one by Kanatani et al. by ensuring that in each iteration the epipolar constraint is satisfied. In the case where the two cameras are pointed in the same direction, the method provably converges to an ...

Astronomical images are usually very noisy and don't shrink well with the typical lossless compression algorithms. COMPFITS is a utility program which analyses and pre-processes the images before sending them to the lossless compression program of your choice. The compression is still lossless (i.e. the reverse process gives a file exactly identical to the original) but the ...

A novel trench field stop (TFS) IGBT with a super junction (SJ) floating layer (SJ TFS-IGBT) is proposed. This IGBT presents a high blocking voltage (> 1200 V), low on-state voltage drop and fast turn-off capability. A SJ floating layer with a high doping concentration introduces a new electric field peak at the anode side and optimizes carrier distribution, which will ...

Fast responsive regulation resources are potentially more valuable as a power system regulation resource (more efficient) because they allow applying controls at the exact moment and in the exact amount as needed. Faster control is desirable because it facilitates more reliable compliance with the NERC Control Performance Standards at ...

Exact SAR inversion for a linear aperture may be obtained using fast transform techniques. Alternatively, backprojection in time domain may be used which can also handle general curved apertures. In the past, however, backprojection has seldom been used due to its heavy computational burden. We show in the paper that the backprojection method can be ...

We study the numerical solution of the nonrelativistic Schr�dinger equation for two-electron atoms in ground and excited S states using pseudospectral (PS) methods of calculation. The calculation achieves convergence rates for the energy, Cauchy error in the wave function, and variance in local energy that are exponentially fast for all practical ...

... Longitudinal translation and fixed coupling of the two waveguide structures is achieved by screwing the tapered ends of the locking pins into full ...

... Relative performance is compared with that of the MUSIC technique for test cases which evaluate the minimum resolution threshold achievable and ...

... The apparatus consists of a gas operated pressure vessel which utilizes the stretched stem principle for achieving fast valve opening times. ...

Just exactly how the long trip through outer space can be achieved has already been indicated at the beginning of this book: in general, in free orbits around ...

The purpose of this study is to identify the exact workouts required to simultaneously achieve optimum improvement in I Repetition Maximum (RM) strength, muscle endurance and cardiovascular endurance. The first section identifies the physiological adaptat...

The LAC gain synthesis is achieved by an exact algebraic optimization of a ... to formulate and implement a sequential LAC synthesis procedure in which the ...

Despite the fact the crash did not go exactly as designed C.I.D.did achieve its ... The CID's crash wothiness tests were as important to the FAA as the fire ...

Despite the fact the crash did not go exactly as designed C.I.D.did achieve its ... The CID's crash wothiness tests were as important to the FAA as the fire ...

Despite the fact the crash did not go exactly as designed C.I.D.did achieve its ... The CID's crash wothiness tests were as important to the FAA as the fire ...

Despite the fact the crash did not go exactly as designed C.I.D.did achieve its ... The CID's crash wothiness tests were as important to the FAA as the fire ...

showed that the maximum entropy is achieved by a Markov chain and gave an exact formula for the ... With the state set Z, the maximum entropy Markov chain ...

We used the Green's function method to describe the multiple scattering of surface waves generated by interactions with the complex 3-D earth structures. The basic process involves an integral equation of convolutional type. An efficient multilevel fast multipole method is utilized to accelerate the matrix-vector products that correspond to the integrals on the horizontal ...

A novel small-animal SPECT imager, FastSPECT II, was recently developed at the Center for Gamma-Ray Imaging. FastSPECT II consists of two rings of eight modular scintillation cameras and list-mode data-acquisition electronics that enable stationary and dynamic imaging studies. The instrument is equipped with exchangeable aperture assemblies and adjustable ...

Distance measurements of the vascular system of the brain can be derived from biplanar digital subtraction angiography (2p-DSA). The measurements are used for planning of minimal invasive surgical procedures. Our 90 degree-fixed-angle G- ring angiography system has the potential of acquiring pairs of such images with high geometric accuracy. The sizes of vessels and aneurysms are estimated ...

By approximating the scattering potential in the lth partial wave equation with a series of constant segments, an exact solution in terms of spherical Bessel and Neumann functions becomes available. Continuity at the segment boundaries is achieved with the aid of a simple 2�2 matrix formalism and leads to exact expressions for the ...

We report the exact entanglement cost of a class of multiqubit bound entangled states, computed in the context of a universal model for multipartite state preparation. The exact amount of entanglement needed to prepare such states are determined by first obtaining lower bounds using a cut-set approach, and then providing explicit local protocols ...

In recent years, considerable attention has been paid to ways of conducting exact small-sample inference for discrete data. Most of this has been in the context of the analysis of contingency tables. These methods use distributions determined exactly rather than as large-sample approximations. To achieve

Exact Match  Begins With  Contains Name/Code  Property  Relationship Home | View Hierarchy | Subsets | Help Visited Concepts EVS Home NCI Metathesaurus Browser NCI Term Browser NCI Terminology Resources Term Suggestion Acid Fast Bacillae Staining Method

Exact Match  Begins With  Contains Name/Code  Property  Relationship Home | View Hierarchy | Subsets | Help Visited Concepts EVS Home NCI Metathesaurus Browser NCI Term Browser NCI Terminology Resources Term Suggestion Modified Acid Fast Staining Method

The PI and his students have developed novel algorithms for boundary computation, model simplification, fast display and interference detection. These include use of exact arithmetic for robust and accurate boundary computation, development of an interact...

I describe a fast fermion algorithm which utilizes pseudofermion fields but appears to have little or no systematic error. Test simulations on two-dimensional gauge theories are described. A possible justification for the algorithm being exact is discussed. 8 refs.

Many spacecraft attitude determination methods use exactly two vector measurements. The two vectors are typically the unit vector to the Sun and the Earth's magnetic field vector for coarse 'sun-mag' attitude determination or unit vectors to two stars tra...

This report serves to document progress made to date on the National Science Foundation Project Number 97-13481, Earthquake Hazard Mitigation Program. The focus of this phase of the project is the development of an improved solution algorithm for fast tra...

The resonance absorption of fast Alfven waves at the proton ctclotron resonance of a predominately deuterium plasma is investigated. An approximate dispersion relation is derived, valid in the vicinity of the resonance, which permits an exact calculation of transmission and reflection coefficients. For reasonable plasma parameters significant linear ...

... Personal Author(s) : Shore,John E. ; Polkinghorn,Frank A. , Jr. ... less than, greater than or equal to, less than or equal to, exact match, and don't care ...

Fast and exact identification of a great number of microorganisms is becoming a serious challenge. Differentiation and identification of microorganisms is today mainly achieved by the use of a variety of distinct techniques based on morphological, serological aspects and a set of biochemical test. Vibrational spectroscopic techniques ...

The MAST Thomson scattering diagnostic has recently been upgraded to make electron density and temperature measurements at 130 points across the 1.5 m diameter of the plasma. The new system is able to take 240 measurements per second using eight Nd:YAG lasers, each running at 30 Hz. The exact firing time of these lasers is adjusted with 100 ns precision using a field ...

Thanks to the past decade of Geopotential Field Research, including the successful satellites CHAMP, �rsted and SAC-C, recent core magnetic field models achieve an unprecedented accuracy. However, sophisticated models like GRIMM-2 or CHAOS-2 struggle in fitting some observatory secular variation (SV) estimates. These differences become evident when the short term SV is ...

BackgroundWe present swps3, a vectorized implementation of the Smith-Waterman local alignment algorithm optimized for both the Cell/BE and �86 architectures. The paper describes swps3 and compares its performances with several other implementations.FindingsOur benchmarking results show that swps3 is currently the fastest implementation of a vectorized Smith-Waterman on the Cell/BE, outperforming ...

Reliable methods are needed for detection of allergenic milk proteins in complex food matrixes. The feasibility of an LC/high-resolution MS method for the analysis of milk proteins in a thermally processed model food (incurred cookies) and in white wine spiked, respectively, with milk powder and caseinate is described. Detection of milk proteins was based on the identification of unique peptides ...

The Photon Number-Resolved (PNR) detectors are capable to distinguish between finite numbers n of photons (n = 1, 2, 3, ...) within an ultrafast (femtosecond or picosecond range) week radiation pulse. Recently, a great interest to such devices has been expressed by the quantum information sciences. In the nearest future, an interest to development of such devices can be significantly enhanced by ...

This paper presents an optimal solution for eliminating pre specified order of harmonics from a stepped waveform of a multilevel inverter topology with equal dc sources. The main challenge of solving the associated non linear equation which are transcendental in nature and therefore have multiple solutions is the convergence of the relevant algorithms and therefore an initial point selected ...

The optimal seismic design of structures requires that time history analyses (THA) be carried out repeatedly. This makes the optimal design process inefficient, in particular, if an evolutionary algorithm is used. To reduce the overall time required for structural optimization, two artificial intelligence strategies are employed. In the first strategy, radial basis function (RBF) neural networks ...

Parallel radio frequency transmission has recently been explored as a means of tailoring the spatial response of MR excitation. In particular, parallel transmission is increasingly used to accelerate radio frequency pulses that rely on time-varying gradient fields to achieve selectivity in multiple dimensions. The design of the underlying multiple-channel radio frequency ...

The nucleoside-based antiviral phosphoramidates and H-phosphonates were synthesized and separated using reversed-phase liquid chromatography on bridged ethane hybrid (BEH) C?? column packed with 1.7 ?m particles of non-chiral stationary phase. The influences of the composition of mobile phase and column temperature have been investigated to optimize the diastereoisomeric separation. Complete ...

Devices for nano- and molecular size electronics are currently a focus of research aimed at an efficient current rectification and switching. A few generic molecular scale devices are reviewed here on the basis of first-principles and model approaches. Current rectification by (ballistic) molecular quantum dots can produce the rectification ratio ~100. Current switching due to conformational ...

A fast integral expression for computing the nearfield pressure is derived for axisymmetric radiators. This method replaces the sum of contributions from concentric annuli with an exact double integral that converges much faster than methods that evaluate the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral or the generalized King integral. Expressions are derived for plane ...

A fast integral expression for computing the nearfield pressure is derived for axisymmetric radiators. This method replaces the sum of contributions from concentric annuli with an exact double integral that converges much faster than methods that evaluate the Rayleigh-Sommerfeld integral or the generalized King integral. Expressions are derived for plane ...

Computational precision is sometimes given short shrift in a first programming course. Treating this topic requires discussing integer and floating-point number representations and inaccuracies that may result from their use. An example of a moderately simple programming problem from elementary statistics was examined. It forced students to confront problems associated with number representations ...

Motivation: Profile hidden Markov models (pHMMs) are currently the most popular modeling concept for protein families. They provide sensitive family descriptors, and sequence database searching with pHMMs has become a standard task in today's genome annotation pipelines. On the downside, searching with pHMMs is computationally expensive.Results: We propose a new method for efficient protein family ...

This study is motivated by a desire to develop a fast numerical algorithm for computing the surface deformation field induced by surface pressure loading on a layered, isotropic, elastic half-space. The approach that we pursue here is based on a circular loading element. That is, an arbitrary surface pressure field applied within a finite surface domain will be represented by ...

We study the S matrix for the transitions at an avoided crossing of several energy levels, which is a multilevel generalization of the Landau-Zener problem. We demonstrate that, by extending the Schroedinger evolution to complex time, one can obtain an exact answer for some of the transition amplitudes. Similar to the Landau-Zener case, our result covers both the adiabatic ...

The Median Problems on Linear Multichromosomal Genomes: Graph Representation and Fast Exact, the median problem asks for another genome q that minimizes the total distance P g2G d(q, g). This is a key exact solutions to the median problem in a decomposition approach. In this article, we extend

The gradient of the cost functional in a discrete optimal control problem for metal solidification in metal casting is exactly calculated. In contrast to previous studies, the object under analysis has a complex geometric shape. The mathematical model for describing the solidification process is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the ...

A fast way to carry out the exact-finite range DWBA calculation is discussed, and is applied to the analyses of (/sup 12/C,/sup 11/B) and (/sup 12/ C,/sup 13/C) reactions from /sup 208/Pb. (auth)

The gradient of the cost functional in the discrete optimal control problem of metal solidification in casting is exactly evaluated. The mathematical model describing the solidification process is based on a three-dimensional two-phase initial-boundary value problem of the Stefan type. Formulas determining exact gradient determination are derived using the ...

An approximate method of interpretation of resistivity sounding is presented, which may be described as a very crude manner of application of the exact direct interpretation method. The accuracy of this method is fairly low, the erros being in the order of 25 percent. The method is very fast in application and well suited for application to multilayer ...

Reviewed are the early history of Japanese laser fusion research and the recent achievement of fast ignition research at Institute of Laser Engineering (ILE), Osaka University. After the achievement of high density compression at Osaka University, LLE of University Rochester, and LLNL, the critical issue of Inertial Fusion Energy (IFE) ...

Spin-polarization reversal by the use of the adiabatic fast passage mechanism has been investigated in a variety of polarized target materials. The high efficiencies achieved open the way to the application of the AFP method in operational polarized solid targets.

The performance of a fast steering mirror is measured and compared with the predictions of a simple set of coupled differential equation. Very good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental results were achieved in most areas.

Fast, Low Loss, Electro-optic Switch for Quantum Information Processing ... quantum information applications and can be achieved with low-loss ...

Hundred megawatt level fast ramping power converters to drive proton and heavy ion machines are under research and development at accelerator facilities in the world. This is a leading edge technology. There are several topologies to achieve this power level. Their advantages and related issues will be discussed.

It is widely recognized that a key element in the development of an attractive tokamak reactor, and in the successful achievement of the mission of ITER, is the development of an efficient steady-state current drive technique. Fast waves in the ion cyclot...

In this paper preliminary results of 22 patients irradiated with d + T fast neutrons for advanced sarcomas are described. The results were disappointing as only 8 patients achieved local tumor control and 6 patients had severe radiation damage. These results are compared with data described by other authors.

Fast centrifugal partition chromatography (FCPC) is a preparative-scale separations methodology based on the principles of counter current chromatography. Separations by FCPC are typically achieved with higher recoveries and with lower solvent use compared to conventional column chromatography. HSCP...

JAERI Fast Critical Facility FCA went critical for the first time in April, 1967. Since then, critical experiments and their analysis were carried out on thirty-five assemblies until march, 1982. This report summarizes many achievements obtained in these ...

... Abstract : Mean maximum start-up accelerations and velocities achieved by the fast-start specialist, northern pike, are reported at 120 m/s sq and 4 ...

Progress in fuel technology in the past 10 years is discussed with emphasis on the role played by the Fast Flux Test Facility (FFTF). Now that burnups of 200 MW d/kg are achievable in mixed-oxide fuels, the economics of the fuel cycle for liquid-metal rea...

A design objective for the Integral Fast Reactor (IFR) is fuel self sufficiency. This can be achieved only by employing chemical reprocessing as part of the fuel cycle. Because the fuel is a metal alloy (U-Pu-Zr), direct production of metal is highly adva...

The blanket assemblies are of prime importance in achieving the performance goals of fast reactor fuel systems to conserve uranium ore and to minimize fuel cycle costs. The purpose of past blanket design efforts in the US was to meet these goals with desi...

Chitinases and thaumatin-like proteins are important grape proteins as they have a great influence on wine quality. The quantification of these proteins in grape juices and wines, along with their purification, is therefore crucial to study their intrinsic characteristics and the exact role they play in wines. The main isoforms of these two proteins from Chardonnay grape juice ...

image histograms [15]. Efficiency is another key issue of CBIR systems since we do not want to compute and efficient dichotomic search procedure that provably converges fast to the exact symmetrized Bregman centroid) are often used in sound/image applications, where our fast geodesic dichotomic walk algorithm converging

We generalise split-explicit Runge-Kutta methods utilised in atmospheric dynamics simulation where fast sub-processes (sound waves) are integrated by small time steps. The inclusion of fixed tendencies of previous stages leads to an improvement of the stability barrier for the acoustics equation by a factor of two. Order and stability analysis is based on the assumption of ...

Electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations of fast collisionless reconnection in a two-dimensional electron-positron plasma (without an equilibrium guide field) are presented. A generalized Ohm's law in which the Hall current cancels out exactly is given. It is suggested that the key to fast reconnection in this plasma is the ...

Electromagnetic particle-in-cell simulations of fast collisionless reconnection in a two-dimensional electron-positron plasma (without an equilibrium guide field) are presented. A generalized Ohm's law in which the Hall current cancels out exactly is given. It is suggested that the key to fast reconnection in this plasma is ...

The program PERKY is used for calculating reactivity worth and kinetic parameters of a fast breeder reactor by ordinary first-order or exact perturbation theory based on two- or three-dimensional diffusion approximation. It calculates effective delayed ne...

An exact geometrical ray analysis has been used to derive the profiles for telescope secondaries that perfectly recollimate beams incident on fast concave spherical mirrors. Both Cassegrainian and Gregorian configurations are possible. The high magnification designs tend to redistribute the energy profile and may be used, for example, to make Gaussian ...

This paper reports fast bistable wavelength switching between two longitudinal modes separated by 1.7 nm achieved in a two-electrode distributed feedback laser with strongly inhomogeneous excitation. As a result, fast wavelength switching time less than 200 ps is successfully observed in this device. In addition, high-speed repetitive ...

The high computational cost of data processing in volume PET imaging is still hindering the routine application of this successful technique, especially in the case of dynamic studies. This paper describes two new algorithms based on an exact rebinning equation, which can be applied to accelerate the processing of three-dimensional (3-D) PET data. The first algorithm, ...

The numerical modelling of seismic diffraction, e.g., at faults and other discontinuities, generally requires the use of fast approximate methods. The geophysicist responsible for the development of such numerical methods has a real need of exact solutions to certain ideal geometries to check the accuracy of his calculations. One such ...

The spin of a top can be regarded as a fast variable, coupled to the motion of the axis which is slow. In pure precession, the rotation of the axis round a cone (without nutation), can be considered as the result of a reaction from the fast spin. The resulting restriction of the total state space of the top is an illustrative example, at graduate-student ...

The spin of a top can be regarded as a fast variable, coupled to the motion of the axis which is slow. In pure precession, the rotation of the axis round a cone (without nutation), can be considered as the result of a reaction from the fast spin. The resulting restriction of the total state space of the top is an illustrative example, at graduate-student ...

The Fast Wave Current Drive System uses three 2 MW transmitters to drive three antennas inside the DIII-D vacuum vessel. This paper describes the diagnostics for this system. The diagnostics associated with the General Atomics Fast Wave Current Drive System allow the system tuning to be analyzed and modified on a between shot basis. The transmitters can be ...

We report the experimental observation of tunneling of slow and fast electromagnetic modes in coupled periodic waveguides shifted longitudinally by half of modulation period. According to the symmetry analysis, such a coupler supports two electromagnetic modes with exactly matched slow or fast group velocities but different phase ...

... the universe, for all the great memories. ... 3.5.1) Parallel efficiency of the fast algorithm ... proper diffusive behavior is achieved by expanding the core of ...

... a fast psuedospectral optimization method, not only are rapid optimal trajectories achievable, but through successive trajectory generations as a ...

... capable of achieving fast real-time operation, and the recognition that the algorithms commonly used for power system simulation, including those ...

... allows generating excited atoms of elements which naturally exist only as moiecliles. CW laser action was achieved in oxygen and fluorine and ...

... engineer's task in designing a high- bandwidth steering mirror. ... stiff to achieve the desired fast response. ... If secondary modes do couple into rotation ...

... The apparatus consists of a gas operated pressure vessel which utilizes the stretched stem principle for achieving fast valve opening times. 3 LU ...

... fast rate of energy transfer is achieved, a very high temperature can be obtained even when there is only moderate stored energy (about 1000 ...

... Logic Transistors/Chip Transistor/Staff Month ... But fast clocks do not by themselves increase system performance ... Achieving low power systems ...

The equations of multiple-scattering theory (MST) are solved for the case of a lattice of square-well potentials in the shape of squares that fill the plane. We find that multiple-scattering theory is exact within reasonably achievable numerical accuracy. There {ital is} a problem with the convergence of MST in its traditional formulation that has obscured ...

Implementations of two algorithms for the transverse Mercator projection are described; these achieve accuracies close to machine precision. One is based on the exact equations of Thompson and Lee and the other uses an extension of Kr�ger's series for the mapping to higher order. The exact method provides an accuracy of 9 nm over the ...

Implementations of two algorithms for the transverse Mercator projection are described; these achieve accuracies close to machine precision. One is based on the exact equations of Thompson and Lee and the other uses an extension of Kr�ger's series for the mapping to higher order. The exact method provides an accuracy of 9 nm over the ...

The spectroscopic study of gas phase molecular ions has been recognized as an important subject for many fields ranging from combustion to the chemistry of the interstellar medium. In order to perform high resolution spectroscopy with molecular ions, several challenges have to be overcome, including low sample densities and spectral congestion caused by neutral species. For many years, ...

Selecting features for multiclass classification is a critically important task for pattern recognition and machine learning applications. Especially challenging is selecting an optimal subset of features from high-dimensional data, which typically have many more variables than observations and contain significant noise, missing components, or outliers. Existing methods either cannot handle ...

The DlF3D nodal scheme was the first widely used hexagonal-geometry extension of the transverse integration nodal approach. This scheme is extremely effective for its primary application (fast reactors), its accuracy typically being similar to that of finite difference (FD) solutions employing 24 triangular mesh per hexagon and a factor of {approximately} 5 finer axial mesh. ...

The Mega Amp Spherical Torus (MAST) diagnostic needs are strongly influenced by physics goals that often require diagnostic integration and cross-mapping, especially in fine-scale investigations, such as transport barriers. Conversely, the unrivalled viewing access to the edge, scrape-off layer (SOL) and divertor regions, provided by the MAST open geometry, impacts on the physics program ...

Online adaptive radiation therapy (ART) has great promise to significantly reduce normal tissue toxicity and/or improve tumor control through real-time treatment adaptations based on the current patient anatomy. However, the major technical obstacle for clinical realization of online ART, namely the inability to achieve real-time efficiency in treatment re-planning, has yet to ...

BackgroundClustering of unannotated transcripts is an important task to identify novel families of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). Several hierarchical clustering methods have been developed using similarity measures based on the scores of structural alignment. However, the high computational cost of exact structural alignment requires these methods to employ approximate algorithms. ...

Design work on a cold-neutron irradiator (CNI) is being pursued at Cornell University. Prompt gamma neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) by means of cold neutron absorption is the objective of the CNI. Using cold neutrons instead of thermal neutrons to cause neutron capture in the sample, the CNI is a logical extension of the concept of a thermal neutron irradiator. Since the neutron capture cross ...

The clinicopathologic features of 4 AIDS patients with cutaneous colesional Kaposi sarcoma (KS) and cryptococcosis, a rare phenomenon, are described. Biopsies from 3 patients who were highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-naive demonstrated predominant KS with a conspicuous spindle cell component and small aggregates of cryptococcal yeasts in 2 biopsies and predominant gelatinous ...

The S/N of an underwater image is low and has a fuzzy edge. If using traditional methods to process it directly, the result is not satisfying. Though the traditional fuzzy C-means algorithm can sometimes divide the image into object and background, its time-consuming computation is often an obstacle. The mission of the vision system of an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is to rapidly and ...

The formalism of the exact DSN method also called the I method, is recalled. A fully analytical integration is proposed to compute the three-dimensional array I(k,l,m), which is the crucial point of such a theory. Comparisons with the numerical quadratures proposed so far show that a significant CPU time savings is achieved (a factor of 1000 for S/sub 8/), ...

A nonperturbative quantization of a paraxial electromagnetic field is achieved via a generalized dispersion relation imposed on the longitudinal and the transverse components of the photon wave vector. This theoretical formalism yields a seamless transition between the paraxial- and the Maxwell-equation solutions. This obviates the need to introduce either ad hoc or ...

Algorithmic properties of the midpoint predictor-corrector time integration algorithm are examined. In the case of a finite number of iterations, the errors in angular momentum conservation and incremental objectivity are controlled by the number of iterations performed. Exact angular momentum conservation and exact incremental objectivity are ...

Ultra-Wideband (UWB) impulse radar is inherently a noise-limited technology. While sub-nanosecond pulses achieve good range resolution, the resultant extreme bandwidth exacts a toll on system performance in terms of noise power entering the receiver. Data...

The three-dimensional coupled mode sound propagation model of Chiu and Ehret (1990) is tested for its accuracy in modeling horizontal sound refraction. This test is achieved by comparing results generated by this model with exact analytic solutions to a p...

One of the Department of Energy's (DOE) Strategies and Objectives in the Natural Gas Program is to conduct activities to transfer technology from R&D programs to potential users. The Slant Hole Completion Test has achieved exactly this objective. The Slan...

In the present article, a complete separation of variables in the Dirac equation for a free particle is achieved in parabolic cylinder and elliptical coordinates. The resulting system of ordinary differential equations is solved and the asymptotic behavior of the spinor solution is discussed.

The large scale integration of electronic circuits on silicon requires etching of structures in the range of 1 micrometer or smaller. This cannot be achieved by wet chemical means. Dry etching processes, however, do produce an exact replica of the desired...

The large scale integration of electronic circuits on silicon requires etching of structures in the range of 1 micrometer or smaller. This cannot be achieved by wet chemical means. Dry etching processes, however, do produce an exact replica of the desired...

A digital processor aiming and firing system generates a trigger signal with electronic timing exactness, resulting in shooting accuracy unobtainable by humans. To achieve this, a view down the barrel sight is captured by a digital video camera and analyz...

Students often memorize a set of steps from examples in domains such as probability and physics, without inducing what subgoals those steps achieve. Such students fail to solve novel problems with identical goal structures but which do not permit exactly ...

and the corresponding geometry of the molecule can be easily extracted. On the basis of such results we develop a B to the determination of the solvent accessible surface (the offset of a union of balls is a union of balls) and generalizes to achieve the exact representation of the solvent contact surface (also known as the Connolly

The authors describe five well-known energy planning models with the aim of communicating a genuine understanding of exactly how the models work, what they achieve, and the general policy context in which they are relevant. The sectoral and geographic cov...

A description is given of a new technique of analysis, high-speed liquid chromatography, or more exactly the high performance liquid chromatography, because of the progress achieved on the new packings of the columns. The main types of chromatography, acc...

We consider an optimization problem in thermoelectric cooling. The maximum achievable cooling temperature in thermoelectric cooling is, among other things, affected by the Seebeck coefficient profile of the inhomogeneous materials. Mathematically, the max...

A Nilsson--like calculation of single-particle energies is carried out in a manner so that their sum may be exactly related to the total energy. The proposal of Strutinsky that the fluctuations in the energy are contained mainly in this sum, is shown to be quantitatively inaccurate. This is achieved by an explicit calculation of the fluctuations ...

Assessing the exact state of cure of thermosetting polymer composite components using embedded sensors can allow the user to precisely control the cure cycle in order to achieve optimum cure. However, to be practical for bonded composite repair, especiall...

In this booklet we are going to examine the process of motivation in depth. We are going to look at exactly what we are trying to mot1vate focusing on the necessity of identifying the tasks that are essential if we are to achieve safety's goals in support...

Substantial advances in the analysis of the large-amplitude unsteady aerodynamics of wings have been achieved. Special focus has been placed on developing techniques for describing the exact non-linear convection, deformation, and roll-up of the vorticity...

Message contention is inevitable in any random multiple-access communication system. In order to achieve a high percentage of successful transmissions, the behavior of users must be governed by a contention resolution algorithm (CRA). A CRA is characterized by its throughput rate, transmission delay and stability. A challenging design problem consists of making the best ...

In the present work we describe the development of an analytical technique for simultaneous profiling of over 100 biochemically related lipid mediators in biological samples. A multistep procedure was implemented to extract eicosanoids and other bioactive lipids from the biological matrix, chromatographically separate them using fast reversed-phase liquid chromatography, ...

Accuracy and run-time play an important role in medical diagnostics and research as well as in the field of neuroscience. In Electroencephalography (EEG) source reconstruction, a current distribution in the human brain is reconstructed noninvasively from measured potentials at the head surface (the EEG inverse problem). Numerical modeling techniques are used to simulate head surface potentials for ...

A new method of calculating microlensing magnification patterns is proposed that is based on the properties of the backward gravitational lens mapping of a lattice of polygonal cells defined at the image plane. To a first-order approximation, the local linearity of the transformation allows us to compute the contribution of each image-plane cell to the magnification by apportioning the area of the ...

A Free-Electron Laser (FEL) places many exacting demands on a Negative Electron Affinity (NEA) photocathode, such as the need for an ultra-fast response time, low energy spread for emitted electrons, high quantum efficiency (Q.E.) and a high average photocurrent. However, these key requirements are conflicting, and cannot be fulfilled by conventional ...

Accuracy and run-time play an important role in medical diagnostics and research as well as in the field of neuroscience. In Electroencephalography (EEG) source reconstruction, a current distribution in the human brain is reconstructed noninvasively from measured potentials at the head surface (the EEG inverse problem). Numerical modeling techniques are used to simulate head surface potentials for ...

Sweeping Simplices: A fast iso�surface extraction algorithm for unstructured grids Han�Wei Shen�surface extraction on unstructured grids. The marching cubes algorithm proposed by Lorensen and Cline [1] has become to achieve fast iso� surface extraction within unstructured grids. The al� gorithm comprises two parts

A stilbene scintillation spectrometer for continuous fast-neutron spectra measurement is described. Discrimination of gamma rays is achieved by utilizing differences in the shapes of scintillation pulses produced by recoiled protons and electrons. In addition, results of measurements of fast-neutron spectra of the reactor ...

Several fast-gated imaging systems to measure ultra-fast single-transient data have been developed for time-resolved imaging of pulsed radiation sources. These systems were designed to achieve image recording times of 1 to 3 ms and dynamic ranges of >200:...

The design of a tapered stripline fast Faraday cup (TSFFC) to perform the impedance matching between the fast cup itself and the signal line (connector, cable, and amplifier) is reported here. The frequency response of the TSFFC as a high-pass filter is analyzed from a theoretical point of view and some solutions to achieve a broadband ...

The use of positive bevels for P-I-N mesa structures to achieve high voltages is described. The technique of glass passivation for mesa structures is described. The utilization of high energy radiation to control the lifetime of carriers in silicon is reported as a means to achieve fast recovery times. Characterization data is reported ...

Fast ignition has a potential to achieve ignition and burn with about one tenth of laser energy required for ongoing NIF and LMJ programs. With the fast ignition, the fuel compression and heating are separated, with ignition initiated by a short very high power laser pulse incident on the already compressed fuel. The ...

Teleseismic surface wave data from the dense seismographic network in Southern California (CISN, California Integrated Seismic Network) are used to construct S-wave velocity maps for the region. Surface wave phase velocity measurements are achieved by way of a waveform-matching spectral-domain technique that was developed for use within the CISN array. A two-station phase ...

Paleoclimate simulations usually require model runs over a very long time. The fast integration version of a state-of-the-art general circulation model (GCM), which shares the same physical and dynamical processes but with reduced horizontal resolution and increased time step, is usually developed. In this study, we configure a fast version of an ...

A fast and accurate method to compute the total solvation free energies of proteins as a function of pH is presented. The method makes use of a combination of approaches, some of which have already appeared in the literature; (i) the Poisson equation is solved with an optimized fast adaptive multigrid boundary element (FAMBE) method; (ii) the electrostatic ...

A fast and accurate method to compute the total solvation free energies of proteins as a function of pH is presented. The method makes use of a combination of approaches, some of which have already appeared in the literature; (i) the Poisson equation is solved with an optimized fast adaptive multigrid boundary element (FAMBE) method; (ii) the electrostatic ...

The registration of preoperative CT to intra-operative reality systems is a crucial step in Computer Assisted Orthopedic Surgery (CAOS). The intra-operative sensors include 3D digitizers, fiducials, X-rays and Ultrasound (US). FAPBED is designed to process CT volumes for registration to tracked US data. Tracked US is advantageous because it is real time, noninvasive, and non-ionizing, but it is ...

It is inconvenient to perform serum lipid analysis in fasting state in diabetic patients with drug treatment. In patients with statin treatment and Asian diet, it has not been clearly known whether non-fasting values could be used for the clinical decision making in diabetic patients. In this study, fasting and post-prandial plasma ...

An exact solution method for the free vibration problem of thin circular cylindrical shells is presented. The differential equations of motion are solved directly with the use of simple Fourier series as the modal displacement functions. Stokes' transformation is exploited to obtain correct series expressions for the derivatives of the Fourier series. From ...

By comparison of rod dosimeters of different manufacturers with regard to their charge behavior and seifdischarge, sensitivity to shock, exactness and fluctuations of dose registering, and energy and direction dependence, the Bendix dosimeter proved to be the best of the investigated types for registering quanta radiation. This dosimeter was therefore investigated ...

A translation-invariant adiabatic theory is constructed for the bipolaron. It is shown that motions in the bipolaron are divided: the relative electron coordinates describe fast electron oscillations in the induced polarization well and the center of mass coordinates represent slow electron movement followed by polarization. Nonlinear differential bipolaron equations are ...

One of the most crucial steps for a fast ignition scenario is the energy deposition into the highly compressed deuterium-tritium core plasmas via intense laser-produced relativistic electrons. Based on fundamental principles, a kinetic model is developed by considering both binary collisions and the contribution due to collective process. The collision operator is ...

A fast algorithm for the boundary element method is developed to handle problems in underwater acoustics. The algorithm employs the multipole and local expansions to approximate far-field potentials, and exploits the discrete convolution nature of mapping multipole to local expansions to accelerate the potential evaluation process. The speedup in the solution process is ...

The Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) will require the development of actinide transmutation, which can most effectively be accomplished in a fast-spectrum reactor. To achieve higher standards of safety and reliability, operate with longer intervals between outages, and achieve high operating capacity factors, new ...

Boost-phase theater intercept concepts are needed for known and existing countermeasures to current systems. Fast kinetic energy interceptors could be developed from existing and improved propulsion technology and miniaturized sensors to provide that capability. High velocity interceptors with achievable acceleration could achieve the ...

Many real life domains contain a mixture of discrete and continuous variables and can be modeled as hybrid Bayesian Networks (BNs). An important subclass of hybrid BNs are conditional linear Gaussian (CLG) networks, where the conditional distribution of the continuous variables given an assignment to the discrete variables is a multivariate Gaussian. Lauritzen�s extension to the clique tree ...

Gyrosynchrotron (GS) emission of charged particles spiraling in magnetic fields plays an exceptionally important role in astrophysics. In particular, this mechanism makes a dominant contribution to the continuum solar and stellar radio emissions. However, the available exact equations describing the emission process are extremely slow computationally, thus limiting the ...

Within the framework of the Abajan, Bazazjantz, Bondarenko, and Nikolaev (ABBN) shielding factor approach, several methods have been proposed in the past for the treatment of resonance shielding of multigroup cross sections in heterogeneous cells of fast reactor lattices. First, the approximations made in the different methods and their interrelationship is briefly reviewed. ...

. A fast, recently developed, multiscale optimal interpolation algorithm has been adapted to the mapping of hydrographic and other oceanographic data. This algorithm produces solution and error estimates which are consistent with those obtained from exact least squares methods, but at a small fraction of the computational cost. Problems whose solution ...

Fast and effectual salvage can reduce accident loss, ensure people's lives and belongings safely when shipwreck occurs. It is very important that discovering objects should be timely and exactly to insure the salvage going on wheels. This text puts forward an object identification arithmetic based on Genetic Algorithms, which makes use of Genetic ...

An exact calculation method of local density of states (LDOS) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) is presented. In order to calculate the LDOS, the eigen-equation of magnetic field is first solved by the plane-wave expansion method, then the eigen-modes of electric-field are obtained. There are two different ways to solve the eigen-equantion of magnetic field and ...

A coupled fast-thermal reactor experiment was performed on tbe Argonoe National Laboratory Fast Critical Facility (ZPR-III). These experiments were on a 50-liter core mockup of a power breeder system and concere the critical loading, power distribution, neutron lifetime, subcriticality without thermal fissions, danger coefficients important for a ...

A modification to the proportional chamber design makes it possible to achieve 5{mu}m spatial resolution in particle tracking. Achieving this requires knowing exactly what the electric field is in the chamber, and simple approximations to the field are not accurate enough. The operation of the chamber and techniques which accurately ...

Achieving superresolution in near-field optical data readout systems using surface plasmons Greg July 2005; accepted 13 September 2005; published online 1 November 2005 The effects of surface plasmons are studied numerically using an exact Green's tensor formulation. It is shown that plasmon effects can both

The net multiplication effect of beryllium oxide, which is due to the (n,2n) reaction, was calculated using an essentially exact calculation of the neutron spectrum as a function of energy. The upper limit of the (n,2n) cross section curve gives the unpoisoned value epsilon /sup +/ = 1.047 and the lower limit gives epsilon /sup -/ = 1,027. The behavior of the ...

Approximations, for the purpose of predicting local and average temperatures in the core of a fast reactor during power excursions, were developed and evaluated. Simplified forms of the heat conduction equation in a cylindrical fuel rod and the energy equation in flowing coolant are presented. These were used to predict transients in a selected test case problem, and ...

Basic PVD processes are either fast running but low in particle energy (evaporation), or exactly the other way round (sputtering) or have disturbing side effects (arc ablation). After presentation of the basic processes, it is shown how they are improved to become effective in reliable and fast deposition of highquality optical films. ...

Attenuation of {gamma}-rays within the body has for some time been recognized as one of the major factors affecting emission tomography data. The manner in which it is treated impacts on the accuracy of the reconstruction. An exact treatment of known or estimated attenuation can be formulated for least squares or maximum likelihood solutions by direct inclusion of the ...

The following messages were taken from Inter-office Electronic Mail and provide perspective on the DOE FAST site survey. The key issue is that WSRC analytical groups have been unable to state when processes will be operated and what the exact requirements will be for characterizing materials from those processes when they do start. What results is a ...

We analyze the interplay between classical and quantum dynamics in ionization of atoms by fast charged particles The convergence to the classical limit is studied as a function of the momentum transferred to the electron during the collision, the impact parameter. the energy and angle of the emitted electron, and the initial state of the target. One goal is to assess the ...

In this paper, we consider the numerical solution of the Helmholtz equation, arising from the study of the wave equation in the frequency domain. The approach proposed here differs from those recently considered in the literature, in that it is based on a decomposition that is exact when considered analytically, so the only degradation in computational performance is due to ...

Discrepancies in response predictions among FAST, ADAMS, and other industry-accepted wind turbine analysis codes led the National Renewable Energy Laboratory to dedicate significant time and effort to overhauling its FAST aeroelastic horizontal-axis wind turbine simulator. Included in the overhaul were improvements to the system dynamics models and ...

This work aims at the development of a numerical method for the analysis of acoustic scattering in the time domain and its applications to rotorcraft noise. This purpose is achieved by developing two independent methods: (1) an analytical formulation of the pressure gradient for an arbitrary moving source and (2) a time-domain moving equivalent source method. First, the ...

Abstract. We investigate the health consequences of changes in the supply of fast food using the exact geographical location of fast food restaurants. Specifically, we ask how the supply of fast food affects the obesity rates of 3 million school children and the weight gain of over 1 million pregnant women. We find ...