Calcium phosphates (CPs) are regarded as the most biocompatible inorganic biomaterials; however, they are limited in the drug-delivery applications, especially for hydrophobic drugs. Achieving high drug-loading capacity and a controllable drug-release property are two main challenges. In this ...

Novel core-shell structured nano-assemblies are assembled by a ?-cyclodextrin containing positively charged host polymer and a hydrophobic guest polymer. The hydrophobic core of this type of assemblies serves as a nano-container to load and release the hydrophobic drugs, while the positively charged hydrophilic shell is able to condense the plasmid DNA and ...

Simultaneous enantioseparation with sensitive detection of four basic drugs, namely methoxamine, metaproterenol, terbutaline and carvedilol, using a 20-mum ID capillary with native beta-CD as the chiral selector was demonstrated by the large-volume sample stacking method. The procedure included conventional sample loading either hydrodynamically or ...

We have incorporated bisphosphonates and antibiotics simultaneously into a biomimetic hydroxyapatite implant coating aiming to use the interaction between drug-molecules and hydroxyapatite to enable local release of the two different substances to obtain a dual biological effect. A sustained release over for 43�h of antibiotics (cephalothin) was ...

CE coupled with dual electrochemical (EC) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection was optimized for simultaneous analysis of six cardiovascular drugs (alprenolol, propafenone, acebutolol, verapamil, atenolol and metoprolol) via central composite design. Following this study, three critical electrophoretic factors governing the CE separation were ...

A mathematical model is used to investigate the effectiveness of the chemotherapy drug Topotecan against neuroblastoma. Optimal control theory is applied to minimize the tumor volume and the amount of drug utilized. The model incorporates a state constraint that requires the level of circulating neutrophils (white blood cells that form an integral part of ...

The aim of magnetic drug targeting (MDT) in cancer therapy is to concentrate chemotherapeutics to a tumor region while simultaneously the overall dose is reduced. This can be achieved with coated superparamagnetic nanoparticles bound to a chemotherapeutic agent. These particles are applied intra arterially close to the tumor region and ...

Binding of quinine- and quinidine-dependent antibodies to platelets was studied using an electroimmunoassay to measure platelet-bound IgG. Antibodies from four patients with drug-induced thrombocytopenia differed significantly in their interaction with platelets: association constants for binding to platelets at high drug concentrations ranged from 0.29 to ...

... The renal clearance of endogenous creatinine was measured simultaneously with the drug clearances (calcuiation was by the standard method). ...

The use of single chemotherapeutic drug has shown some limitations in anti-tumor treatment, such as development of drug resistance, high toxicity and limited regime of clinical uses. The combination of two or more therapeutic drugs is feasible means to overcome the limitations. Co-delivery strategy has been proposed to minimize the ...

A method has been developed for the simultaneous extraction and determination of five of the most commonly used anticoccidial drugs (nicarbazin, lasalocid, monensin, narasin and salinomycin) from livers and eggs by LC-MS-MS. Results show good repeatability, with mean spiked recoveries for nicarbazin, lasalocid, monensin, narasin and salinomycin in poultry ...

INTRODUCTION: Drug delivery stents have proved their efficacy at preventing coronary restenosis and their potential in treating the occlusion or stricture of other body passageways, such as peripheral vessels and alimentary canals. The drug delivery systems on such stent platforms contribute to this improved therapeutic efficacy by providing improved ...

Sustained release asymmetric membrane capsular systems were developed for simultaneous oral delivery of rifampicin and isoniazid sodium in order to reduce the problems associated with the multi drug therapy of tuberculosis. Dense semipermeable membrane coating capsules were also prepared for the delivery of these drugs by adopting two ...

Recently, it was demonstrated that particles could be utilized as carrier systems for drugs into the hair follicles. In the present study, a two-component drug delivery system is presented consisting of degradable particles loaded with fluorescein isothiocyanate and a separate protease formulation for degradation. The particles were applied alone, 30min ...

Within the European Community (EC) countries the national pharmaceutical regulatory systems work with varying degrees of efficiency and scientific sophistication. At the Community level the objective of mutual recognition has failed to be realized. To achieve for one registration application within the EC, timely and simultaneous marketing approvals ...

A simple, rapid method for the simultaneous determination of cardiovascular drugs: celiprolol, bisoprolol and irbesartan in human plasma is described. The two main features of the proposed method deal first, with a simultaneous solid phase extraction of weakly basic beta-blockers derivatives and irbesartan which exhibit weak acidic ...

The temperature-responsive magnetic composite particles were synthesized by emulsion-free polymerization of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) and acrylamide (Am) in the presence of oleic acid-modified Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles. The magnetic properties and heat generation ability of the composite particles were characterized. Furthermore, temperature and alternating magnetic field (AMF) triggered ...

A new method was developed for the analysis of illicit drugs in human urine by coupling carrier-mediated liquid phase microextraction (LPME) to high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). By adding an appropriate carrier in organic phase, simultaneous extraction and enrichment of hydrophilic (morphine and ephedrine) and hydrophobic (pethidine) ...

The course for Drug-Free Workplace trainers discusses the use of the documents in the Achieving a Drug-Free Workplace Course. It also examines training techniques and highlights important topics in the Drug-Free Workplace Course.

BackgroundInterruption of an NNRTI-regimen is often necessary, but must be performed with caution because NNRTIs have a low genetic barrier to resistance. Limited data exist to guide clinical practice on the best interruption strategy to use.MethodsPatients in the drug-conservation arm of SMART who interrupted a fully suppressive NNRTI-regimen were evaluated. From 2003, SMART ...

... http://www.state.gov/www/global/narcotics_law ... achieved if Haiti's democratization is to succeed. Progress in the fight against drugs will ...

The purpose of this study is to identify the exact workouts required to simultaneously achieve optimum improvement in I Repetition Maximum (RM) strength, muscle endurance and cardiovascular endurance. The first section identifies the physiological adaptat...

Cationic micellar nanoparticles self-assembled from a biodegradable amphiphilic copolymer have been used to deliver human TRAIL and paclitaxel simultaneously. Polyplexes formed between paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles and TRAIL are stable with a size of ?180?nm and a zeta potential at ?75?mV. Anticancer effects and apoptotic pathway mechanisms of this ...

An analytical method that allows simultaneous analysis of some (semi-)volatile drugs and additives in pharmaceuticals for topical use was developed using classical static headspace as sampling technique combined with gas chromatography (HS-GC). The capillary column used, RSL-200, showed good selectivity towards all the analytes in the samples investigated. ...

Direct thermal desorption of analytes into an ion trap mass spectrometer (ITMS) is being investigated as a technique for the rapid screening of a wide variety of samples for target semivolatile organic compounds. This includes the direct detection of drugs in physiological fluids, semivolatile organic pollutants in water and waste samples, and air pollutants collected on ...

A miniature robot was designed to achieve fish-like locomotion when actuated by the imaging coils of a clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) system. The wireless fish robot is composed of a ferromagnetic head, a flexible tail and a float. In an aquarium placed in the MRI, the robot is set into a swimming motion by an alternating transverse linear magnetic gradient. The ...

Anthracyclines are chemotherapeutic drugs that are widely used in the treatment of cancers such as lung and ovarian cancers. The simultaneous determination of the anthracyclines, daunorubicin, doxorubicin and epirubicin was achieved using CE coupled to LIF, with an excitation and emission wavelength of 488 and 560 nm, respectively. ...

... Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: A High-Throughput Assay Using Liquid Chromatography- Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Simultaneous in vivo Phenotyping of 5 Major ...

... pleasure to appear before you today to discuss our ... to achieve a drug free workplace within the ... agencies have been subject to drug testing while ...

ABT-888 is a potent, orally bioavailable PARP-1/2 inhibitor shown to potentiate DNA damaging agents. The ability to potentiate temozolomide (TMZ) and develop a biological marker for PARP inhibition was evaluated in vivo. Doses/schedules that achieve TMZ potentiation in the B16F10 syngeneic melanoma model were utilized to develop an ELISA to detect a pharmacodynamic marker, ADP ...

A stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatography method is developed for analysis of olanzapine and fluoxetine in the presence of their degradation products generated from forced decomposition studies as prescribed by the International Conference on Harmonization. Hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, and thermal degradation are evaluated by subjecting the drug ...

The hardware and software components which allow up to several hundred organisms to be tracked simultaneously, are described. Real time tracking of many microorganisms simultaneously is achieved by the hardware and software components described. Four vide...

To test whether a combination of contingency management and methadone dose increase would promote abstinence from heroin and cocaine, we conducted a randomized controlled trial using a 2 X 3 (Dose X Contingency) factorial design in which dose assignment was double-blind. Participants were 252 heroin- and cocaine-abusing outpatients on methadone maintenance. They were randomly assigned to methadone ...

Most substance abusers simultaneously use and abuse more than one substance, even when there is a clear drug of choice. This pattern creates a great challenge in relating neuropsychological findings in drug users to a certain drug. This review aims to: (i) discuss results from neuropsychological studies using ...

HIV-infected drug users have increased age-matched morbidity and mortality compared with HIV-infected people who do not use drugs. Substance-use disorders negatively affect the health of HIV-infected drug users, who also have frequent medical and psychiatric comorbidities that complicate HIV treatment and prevention. Evidence-based ...

Use of an interferometer along with a host radar is proposed for simultaneously achieving coherent reference denial and embedded communications. To prevent self-jamming, spatial orthogonality is achieved between the interferometer antenna pattern and main...

In this study, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and second derivative spectrophotometry have been used and described for the simultaneous determination of montelukast and loratadine in pharmaceutical formulations. HPLC separation was achieved with a Symmetry C18 column and sodium phosphate buffer (pH adjusted to 3.7): acetonitrile (20:80, v/v) ...

A simple liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS) method has been developed and validated for simultaneous identification and quantification of ?-hydroxybutyrate (GHB), ?-butyrolactone (GBL), 1.4-butanediol (1.4-BD), and ?-valerolactone (GVL) in whole blood from forensic cases. The sample preparation of whole blood involved protein precipitation by acidic ...

A simple, rapid, sensitive and robust reversed phase-HPLC method was developed and validated to measure simultaneously the amount of amoxicillin and metronidazole at single wavelength (254 nm) in order to assess drug release profiles and drug-excipients compatibility studies for a new floating-sustained release tablet formulation and ...

A method for the simultaneous quantification of 20 cocaine, amphetamine, opiate, and nicotine analytes in meconium, the first neonatal feces, by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated. Specimen preparation included methanol homogenization and solid phase extraction. Two injections were required to achieve sufficient ...

A method for the simultaneous quantification of 20 cocaine, amphetamine, opiate, and nicotine analytes in meconium, the first neonatal feces, by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was developed and validated. Specimen preparation included methanol homogenization and solid phase extraction. Two injections were required to achieve sufficient ...

Thermoresponsive polymer-coated magnetic nanoparticles loaded with anti-cancer drugs are of considerable interest for novel multi-modal cancer therapies. Such nanoparticles can be used for magnetic drug targeting followed by simultaneous hyperthermia and drug release. ?- Fe2O3 iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles ...

Gleevec is a drug designed to interfere with the stimulation of growth in leukemia cells. This 3D animation shows how this is achieved.

... bandwidth and low-latency, while simultaneously meeting stringent security requirements, was accomplished by the generation VPN that achieves ...

... Multiple infection of cell monolayers was achieved with simultaneous inoculation by yellow fever, variola, and psittacosis agents in mixture. ...

... addition, several multihazard modifications were made to the home, including ... conservation) that can be achieved simultaneously. These are discussed ... ...

... Objectives HOMER, ODYSSEY, and ILIAD, to conduct simultaneous raids on those sites and ... problems were occurring at ILIAD in the south. ...

A simple and sensitive ion chromatography method has been developed for the simultaneous assay of ibandronate sodium drug substance and the determination of its impurities. The separation was achieved on Allsep� anion column 150 mm � 4.6 mm, 7 ?m particle diameter. The mobile phase consisted of 1% (v/v) aqueous formic acid and ...

Last year's Strategy established 14 aggressive goals for achieving the overall aim of reducing drug use and its consequences. Table 1-1 presents these goals, which still stand as valid measures of progress for this Strategy, and must be achieved if this N...

Simultaneous recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is now widely accepted as a prevailing tool to study brain functions. For over a decade, EEG caps with high-dense arrays of electrodes for EEG-fMRI studies in humans have been commercially available. However, simultaneous EEG and fMRI recording in ...

A thermal aerosol generation process is capable of delivering pure drug reliably to the alveoli where it is absorbed systemically. Although deep lung absorption of drugs administered as an aerosol has been shown to be rapid, detailed characterization of their absorption and distribution has not been reported. The present study describes the ...

Status epilepticus is a common neurological emergency in childhood and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Status epilepticus (SE) has been defined as continuous seizure activity lasting more than 30 min or 2 or more seizures in this duration without gaining consciousness between them. However, the operational definition has brought the time down to 5 min. Management can be ...

This article synthesizes neuroscience findings with long-standing criminological models and data into a comprehensive explanation of the relationship between drug use and crime. The innate factors that make some people vulnerable to drug use are conceptually similar to those that predict criminality, supporting a spurious reciprocal model of the ...

An effective way to reveal the history of drug abuse is to determine the parental drug and its metabolites in hair. Here, a quantitative HPLC-Chip-MS/MS method was developed for simultaneous measurement of ketamine and its metabolite norketamine in human hair. Ketamine and norketamine were extracted from hair by acid hydrolysis, and ...

We compared the pharmacokinetics of intraosseous (IO) drug delivery via tibia or sternum, with central venous (CV) drug delivery during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). METHODS: CPR of anesthetized KCl arrest swine was initiated 8min post arrest. Evans blue and indocyanine green, each were simultaneously injected as a bolus with ...

Nanoparticle therapeutics are promising platforms for cancer therapy. However, it remains a formidable challenge to assess their distribution and clinical efficacy for therapeutic applications. Here, by using multifunctional polymeric micellar nanocarriers incorporating clinically approved gadolinium (Gd)-based magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents and platinum (Pt) anticancer ...

A novel strategy to trace the origins of commercial pharmaceutical products has been developed based on the direct chemical profiling of the pharmaceutical products by surface desorption atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry (DAPCI-MS). Besides the unambiguous identification of active drug components, various compounds present in the matrixes are ...

Direct measurement of absolute brain concentration of amphetamine and dopamine were obtained using metaquant (MQ) microdialysis, which achieves near 100% recovery, in the caudate nucleus. Conventional microdialysis monoprobes were also implanted in the caudate nucleus in the contralateral side of the same animals to compare the brain concentrations obtained from these two ...

Increasing attention is paid in basic science and in drug discovery to pathway selective intracellular signaling as a novel approach to achieve precise control of cell function via G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). With respect to signaling, GPCRs are often promiscuous in that more than one intracellular biochemical pathway is activated upon receptor ...

The Caco-2 cell line has been used as a model to predict the in vitro permeability of the human intestinal barrier. The predictive potential of the assay relies on an appropriate in-house validation of the method. The objective of the present study was to develop a single HPLC-UV method for the identification and quantitation of marker drugs and to determine the suitability of ...

As one of the main cancer therapeutic methods, chemotherapy plays a vital role in clinical practice. However, when killing the cancerous cells, the chemotherapy drugs also damage the normal cells. Side effects are still urgent problems to be solved. Cytothesis agents, like hepatocyte growth factor, can stimulate cell mitotic division and promote regeneration of blood vessel ...

In the present paper, a simultaneous method has been developed and validated for estimation of gliquidone in the presence of H(1)-receptor antagonists (fexofenadine hydrochloride, buclizine hydrochloride, and levocetirizine dihydrochloride) using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic technique. A good chromatographic separation between these ...

A rapid urinalysis system based on SPE-LC-MS/MS with an in-house post-analysis data management system has been developed for the simultaneous identification and semi-quantitation of opiates (morphine, codeine), methadone, amphetamines (amphetamine, methylamphetamine (MA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)), 11-benzodiazepines or ...

This study estimates the prevalence, assesses predictors and evaluates factors associated with concurrent and simultaneous use of drugs and alcohol in the United States population. Using data from the 2000 National Alcohol Survey (n = 7,612), respondents were asked if they used specific drugs in the last 12 months. Current drinkers who ...

Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MNP) coated with gum arabic (GA), a biocompatible phytochemical glycoprotein widely used in the food industry, were successfully synthesized and characterized. GA-coated MNP (GA-MNP) displayed a narrow hydrodynamic particle size distribution averaging about 100 nm; a GA content of 15.6% by dry weight; a saturation magnetization of 93.1 emu/g Fe; and a ...

Nanoscale drug delivery platforms can provide an attractive therapeutic strategy for cancer treatments, as they can substantially reduce the adverse side effects associated with toxic small-molecule anticancer agents. For enhanced therapeutic efficacy to be achieved with such platforms, a tumor-specific drug-release trigger is a ...

Gum arabic, a branched polysaccharide, was oxidized using periodate to generate reactive aldehyde groups on the biopolymer. Primaquine, an 8-aminoquinoline, was covalently coupled onto oxidized gum arabic via an imine bond and simultaneously fabricated into microspheres of less than 2 microm in size by heat denaturation in a reverse emulsion of 1:1 light paraffin oil and ...

Non-viral gene-delivery systems are safer to use and easier to produce than viral vectors, but their comparatively low transfection efficiency has limited their applications. Co-delivery of drugs and DNA has been proposed to enhance gene expression or to achieve the synergistic/combined effect of drug and gene therapies. Attempts have ...

Three patients who received simultaneous radiation and chemotherapy are described. Increased tumor response and enhanced radiation reaction were observed. Simultaneous drug and radiation therapy may prove to be the treatment of choice for particular malignant tumors. Most data concerning the magnitude of the toxic effects when 2 ...

We report a case of successful treatment of advanced Burkitt lymphoma in a 3-year-old girl with congenitally acquired HIV infection. She was treated with intensive chemotherapy combined with highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART). She had not received any anti-retroviral therapy and had stage C3 HIV infection on admission. She was treated with modified BFM 90 and remission was ...

Simultaneous micronization and surface modification of drug particles is considered in order to mitigate disadvantages of micronization, e.g., agglomeration, poor flowability, marginal increase in surface area and low bulk density. Particles of ibuprofen (102 ?m), a model drug, pre-blended with hydrophilic nano-silica, are micronized ...

A simple and rapid RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of the dopamine antagonists haloperidol, its diazepane analog, and the dopamine agonist bromocriptine in rat plasma, to perform pharmacokinetic drug-interaction studies. Samples were prepared for analysis by acetonitrile (22.0 microg/mL) plasma protein ...

The simultaneous analysis of tricyclic antidepressant (amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin and nortriptyline) and ?-blocker (alprenolol, labetalol and propranolol) drugs in wastewater was developed via sweeping-micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) together with a simple liquid-liquid extraction step. For sweeping-MEKC, the amount of organic ...

A high performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (HPLC-HRMS) method for simultaneous screening and quantification of 28 drugs was developed and validated for 2.5mg hair samples. Target drugs and their metabolites included amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and hallucinogens. ...

A new method using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with photo diode array detection was developed and validated for the quantification of plasma concentrations of the human immunodeficiency syndrome integrase inhibitor raltegravir (RGV), the new nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor etravirine (ETV), and 11 other antiretroviral agents: ritonavir, atazanavir, lopinavir, ...

ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Single drug use has not achieved satisfactory results in the treatment of prostate cancer, despite application of increasingly widespread targeted therapeutics. In the present study, the combined impact of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-inhibitor RAD001, the dual EGFr and VGEFr tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEE788 and the ...

BackgroundSingle drug use has not achieved satisfactory results in the treatment of prostate cancer, despite application of increasingly widespread targeted therapeutics. In the present study, the combined impact of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)-inhibitor RAD001, the dual EGFr and VGEFr tyrosine kinase inhibitor AEE788 and the histone ...

... more patients are achieving long-term remissions or cures. Sometimes cancer cells may be resistant to the initial drugs ...

... The cold war and DoD's war on drugs share a common strategy they both rely on the security assistance program to achieve their goals. ...

... for determining the amount of drug retained by animals ... A balloon tipped flow directed catheter was used to ... 50 mg/kg) intravenously (IV) to achieve ...

... is disturbing, especially since young teenagers are ... Drug use effects the economy, industry, health ... flow, and manufacture of illegal drugs as vital ...

A new analytical method is presented that allows simultaneous determination of neutral and acidic pharmaceuticals and pesticides in natural waters. The compounds investigated include frequently used pharmaceuticals, i.e., the anti-epileptic carbamazepine, four analgesic/anti-flammatory drugs (ibuprofen, diclofenac, ketoprofen and naproxen) and the lipid ...

New, simple, rapid and precise reversed phase liquid chromatographic (RP-LC) method has been developed for the simultaneous determination of diclofenac potassium (DP) and methocarbamol (MT) in ternary mixture with guaifenesin (GF), degradation product of methocarbamol. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Symmetry Waters C18 column (150 mm x 4. ...

A simultaneous quantitative assay method for urinary oxysterols and bile acids using GC-MS was developed to investigate the mechanism of liver toxicity induced by drugs or chemicals. Sample preparations were optimized by exploring various extraction solvents, derivatization reagents, and hydrolysis methods to achieve reliable and ...

Artemisinins are a class of compounds that are first-line treatment options for malaria. They also have potent antiproliferative activity, which makes them potential anticancer drugs. We have previously demonstrated anticancer activity of a number of these compounds in vitro; however, cytotoxic activities were compromised by drug-induced cell cycle ...

The identification of drugs of abuse is an important issue in forensic science. The main goal is to trace and identify as many drugs as possible in the shortest possible time preferably with a simple analysis method. One possibility is to screen samples using a Liquid Chromatography-Diode Array Detection (LC-DAD) system. However, when ...

The identification of drugs of abuse is an important issue in forensic science. The main goal is to trace and identify as many drugs as possible in the shortest possible time preferably with a simple analysis method. One possibility is to screen samples using a Liquid Chromatography � Diode Array Detection (LC-DAD) system. However, when ...

The multi-target screening method described in this work allows the simultaneous detection and identification of 700 drugs and metabolites in biological fluids using a hybrid triple-quadrupole linear ion trap mass spectrometer in a single analytical run. After standardization of the method, the retention times of 700 compounds were determined and ...

ObjectiveIn this study, we sought to examine the prevalence, correlates, and consequences associated with simultaneous polydrug use and concurrent polydrug use of alcohol and prescription drugs. For purposes of this investigation, simultaneous polydrug use referred to the co-ingestion of different drugs at the same ...

An indium phosphide semiconductor layer or layers are simultaneously doped with groups 2-6 elements such as zinc and selenium. These simultaneously (acceptor/-donor) doped layers offer improved characteristics when used as an ohmic contact capping layer of indium phosphide or as the active laser region in long wavelength light emitting diodes composed of ...

Itraconazole (ITZ) microflakes were produced by supercritical antisolvent (SAS) method and simultaneously mixed with pharmaceutical excipients in a single step to prevent drug agglomeration. Simultaneous ITZ particle formation and mixing with fast-flo lactose (FFL) was performed in a high-pressure stirred vessel at 116 bar and 40 �C ...

The HPLC methods for the determination of plasma concentrations of the antispasmodic agent mebeverine (0.01-10 micrograms/mL) and its hydrolysis product veratric acid (0.1-50 micrograms/mL) are presented. Mebeverine was demonstrated to hydrolyze readily in fresh unbuffered human and rat plasma samples ex vivo. Hydrolysis in human plasma was completely inhibited in the presence of the esterase ...

of test data, and fault escape probability is achieved. This paper shows that when com- bining power synthesis and test scheduling; c. reduction in test application time is achieved at the ex- pense of higher embedding methodology [14, 15]. However, to achieve simultaneous reduction in power dissipation in test

Simultaneous output power and frequency stabilization of a longitudinal Zeeman He--Ne laser are achieved by a method using feedback to control the laser tube length. (AIP)

We describe the "chopsticks" technique of simultaneous use of two instruments held in one hand during tonsillectomy. The technique allows the surgeon to simultaneously, retract the tonsils, clear the blood, and cauterize the tissue and thus achieve rapid hemostasis and a more efficient tonsillectomy. PMID:21116642

Simultaneous determination of aniracetam and its related impurities (2-pyrrolidinone, p-anisic acid, 4-p-anisamidobutyric acid and (p-anisoyl)-4-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone) was accomplished in the bulk drug and in a tablet formulation using a high performance liquid chromatographic method with UV detection. Separation was achieved on a ...

The formation of carcinogenic nitrosamines from amines and nitrites in the body has been demonstrated, and tumours have been induced by simultaneous administration of these materials to experimental animals. A number of drugs, pesticides and other environ...

During puberty, neuronal maturation of the brain, which began during perinatal development, is completed such that the behavioral potential of the adult organism can be fully achieved. These maturational events and processes of reorganization are needed for the occurrence of adult behavioral performance but simultaneously render the organism highly ...

While the concept of using polymer-based sustained-release delivery systems to maintain therapeutic concentration of protein drugs for extended periods of time has been well accepted for decades, there has not been a single product in this category successfully commercialized to date despite clinical and market demands. To achieve successful systems, ...

While the concept of using polymer-based sustained-release delivery systems to maintain therapeutic concentration of protein drugs for extended periods of time has been well accepted for decades, there has not been a single product in this category successfully commercialized to date despite clinical and market demands. To achieve successful systems, ...

Hypertension remains one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in the United States. Numerous antihypertensive agents are available today, and most hypertensive patients suffer from concomitant diseases/conditions. Many of these diseases/conditions require appropriate selection of antihypertensive agents. It gets quite complex to pick the initial and additional antihypertensive agents ...

... tobacco use, alcohol and drug use, violence and gang involvement, and early sexual initiation. Connected students are ...

... or supplement. OSE convenes and leads the review team and takes the lead on working to achieve consensus on regulatory actions. ...

A new rapid, sensitive and validated HPLC method has been developed for the determination of methylxanthines and their metabolites in asthmatic patients. The method was initiated by using spiked urine samples on a silica monolithic column as a novel packing material. The mobile phase consisted of 10 mM potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer/methanol (87.5:12.5 v/v), at a flow rate 1 mL/min. ...

The ability to diagnose cancer based on the detection of rare cancer cells in blood or other bodily fluids is a significant challenge. To address this challenge, we have developed a microfluidic device that can simultaneously sort, enrich, and then detect multiple types of cancer cells from a complex sample. The device, which is made from poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), ...

A simple, rapid, and precise method is developed for the quantitative simultaneous estimation of amlodipine (AM) and olmesartan (OL) in combined pharmaceutical dosage form. A chromatographic separation of the two drugs was achieved with an ACE 5 C(18) 25-cm analytical column using buffer-acetonitrile (60:40, v/v). The resolution ...

Targeted drug delivery using nanocarriers is achieved by functionalizing the carrier surface with a tissue-recognition ligand. Current surface modification methods require tedious and inefficient synthesis and purification steps, and are not easily amenable to incorporating multiple functionalities on a single surface. In this report, we describe a ...

Targeted drug delivery using nanocarriers is achieved by functionalizing the carrier surface with a tissue-recognition ligand. Current surface modification methods require tedious and inefficient synthesis and purification steps, and are not easily amenable to incorporating multiple functionalities on a single surface. In this report, we describe a ...

Column liquid chromatography (LC) and thin-layer chromatography (TLC)-densitometry methods are described for simultaneous determination of acediasulfone (Ace) and cinchocaine (Cinco). In the LC method, the separation and quantitation of the 2 drugs was achieved on a Zorbax C8 column (5 microm, 150 x 4.6 mm id) using a mobile phase ...

The objectives of this study were to (i) determine which of three simulated dosing regimens (gentamicin alone, simultaneous infusions of gentamicin and piperacillin, or staggered infusions of gentamicin and piperacillin) produced the fastest killing rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in serum, using the serum bactericidal rate (SBR) assay; and (ii) describe an alternative method ...

The National Drug Control Strategy relies on the full participation of many partners to achieve the goal of reducing drug use and its consequences. Among the key participants are State and local governments. This arrangement is fundamental to our federal ...

Macromolecular drug carriers provide one of the most promising approaches to improve delivery of therapeutic and diagnostic drugs to cancer cells. A very significant achievement in this area relates to the recent development of 'long-circulating' macromol...

The monograph summarizes recent progress in drug abuse research achieved through molecular approaches and reviews relevant technological advances in the field of molecular biology and genetics as they relate to drug abuse research. It is a companion volum...

Multiple dysregulated pathways in tumors necessitate targeting multiple oncogenic elements by combining orthogonal therapeutic moieties like short-interfering RNAs (siRNA) and drug molecules in order to achieve a synergistic therapeutic effect. In this manuscript, we describe the synthesis of cyclodextrin-modified dendritic polyamines (DexAMs) and their ...

In nonclinical drug development targeting the central nervous system (CNS), the quantitative determination of extracellular brain concentrations of neurotransmitters is a key challenge. In some CNS disorders, the monitoring of the modified profile of neurotransmitter release such as that of histamine may explain the mechanism of action of the drug ...

The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of some penetration enhancers on in vitro permeation of glibenclamide and glipizide through mouse skin. Ethanol in various concentrations, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, transcutol, propylene glycol and terpenes like citral, geraniol and eugenol were used as penetration enhancers. The in vitro skin permeation experiments were conducted by both ...

We studied methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(?-caprolactone)-b-poly(2-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (mPEG-b-PCL-b-PDMAEMA) nanoparticles as the codelivery vector of hydrophobic drug and pDNA by employing dynamic light scattering (DLS), ? potential, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), gel retardation assay, and confocal microscopy, and subsequently its in vitro ...

This investigation analyzed the relation between cognitive functioning and mathematical achievement in 114 students in fourth, fifth, and sixth grades. Differences in cognitive performance were studied concurrently in three selected achievement groups: mathematical learning disability group (MLD), low achieving group (LA), and ...

Mar 1, 2011 ... Subject Category: not ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS AND CIRCUITS .... 1064 nm using Single Photon Counting Modules in order to achieve simultaneous ...

... soft ignition system have been defined and studied and are based on a laser/fiber optic sub-system to achieve simultaneous multiple point ignition ...

2 days ago ... On 06 February 2001, STEREO A and B achieved 180 degrees of separation. This enabled, for the first time, the simultaneous observation of ...

Simultaneous saccharification & Fermentation - SSF "DOE GTL Bioenergy Roadmap" NREL "Corn Stem Tour" * Increase crop production (agronomics and plant engineering) * Increase...

Efficient analytical and computational tools for simultaneous optimal design of the structural and control components of aeroservoelastic systems are presented. The optimization objective is to achieve aircraft performance requirements and sufficient flut...

The purpose of the work was to accomplish an increase in electronic systems and subsystems reliability and performance, while simultaneously achieving a reduction in overall system cost. The work was performed in three phases, (1) the study of an aeronaut...

Integrated Systems Research Program/Environmentally Responsible ... specifically on maturing and integrating technologies in major vehicle and ... Advanced aircraft system architectures that enable simultaneous achievement of noise, ...

The Aristoteles gravity mission is achieved in part by performing gradiometry measurements using an instrument called GRADIO. Its principle is based on the simultaneous measurement of acceleration on several locations of a very stable plate (the GRADIO pl...

... control for drag reduction include PID control,1 linear ... one aircraft are to be simultaneously controlled. ... is not equal to the achieved pseudo-control. ...

Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection represents a serious and growing problem. For patients infected or suspected of being infected with multidrug or extensively drug-resistant TB, several medications have to be given simultaneously for prolonged periods. Here, we review the literature on treatment and monitoring of ...

This purpose of this study was to compare two instructional strategies using cooperative learning and interactive video instruction, and to measure the effect of these strategies on achievement, amount of invested mental effort, and attitudes. In the indi...

INTRODUCTION: The use of liposomes increases the therapeutic index of many drugs, and also offers drug targeting and controlled release. The commercial impact of liposomes is strengthened by the invention of several active drug encapsulation methods, allowing the encapsulation of several weak base or weak acid ...

The aim of combined modality treatment schedules is to achieve increased killing in the tumor cell populations without an equivalent increase in normal tissue damage. There is, however, some increased risk of normal tissue toxicity that must be taken into account when assessing the therapeutic potential. An understanding of the mechanisms involved in combined modality therapy, ...

Drug-drug interactions involving cytochrome P450 (CYP450s) are an important factor for evaluation of a new chemical entity (NCE) in drug development. To evaluate the potential inhibitory effects of a NCE on the pharmacokinetics of a cocktail of representative probes of CYP enzymes (midazolam for CYP3A4, tolbutamide for CYP2C9, omeprazole for CYP2C19 and ...

Allosteric drugs are increasingly used because they produce fewer side effects. Allosteric signal propagation does not stop at the 'end' of a protein, but may be dynamically transmitted across the cell. We propose here that the concept of allosteric drugs can be broadened to 'allo-network drugs' - whose effects can propagate either ...

An innovative drug delivery system based on magnetic and fluorescent multifunctional chitosan nanoparticles was developed, which combined magnetic targeting, fluorescent imaging and stimulus-responsive drug release properties into one drug delivery system. Water-soluble superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles, CdTe quantum dots (QDs) and ...

... U.S. Food and Drug Administration today cleared the Siemens Biograph mMR system, the first device to simultaneously ... scanner to image the body. Advantages of the Siemens Biograph mMR system over current systems include simultaneous ...

The purpose of the present project is to examine the applicability of certain natural biological and liquid membranes for the separation of drugs of environmental concern such as ibuprofen, diclofenac, carbamazepine, and sulfamethoxazol from dilute aqueous solutions. Different types of intestine parts of cattle, sheep, and pig were applied as biological flat sheet membranes ...

We describe a novel method of drug discovery using MLSD and drug repositioning, with cancer target STAT3 being used as a test case. Multiple drug scaffolds were simultaneously docked into hot spots of STAT3 by MLSD, followed by tethering to generate virtual template compounds. Similarity search of virtual hits on ...

The authors' laboratory at one time employed four liquid chromatography/mass spectrometric (LC/MS) methods for the detection of a large variety of drugs in equine urine. Drug classes covered by these methods included anti-diabetics, anti-ulcers, cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors, sedatives, corticosteroids, anabolic steroids, sulfur diuretics, xanthines, ...

The structural basis of simultaneous binding of two or more different drugs by any multidrug-binding protein is unknown and also how this can lead to a noncompetitive, uncompetitive or cooperative binding mechanism. Here, we describe the crystal structure of the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug-binding transcription repressor, QacR, bound ...

The structural basis of simultaneous binding of two or more different drugs by any multidrug-binding protein is unknown and also how this can lead to a noncompetitive, uncompetitive or cooperative binding mechanism. Here, we describe the crystal structure of the Staphylococcus aureus multidrug-binding transcription repressor, QacR, bound ...

Introduction: Plasmodium falciparum malaria is one of the world's most lethal infectious diseases, commanding millions of drug administrations per year. The pharmacogenetics of these drugs is poorly known, although its application can be pivotal for the optimized management of this disease. Areas covered: The main components of artemisinin combination ...

Breast cancers are either estrogen receptor-positive (ER) or negative (ER). ER breast cancers are clinically more aggressive and have fewer effective treatment options. Quercetin and vincristine are both active against ER breast cancers and exhibit synergism in vitro. However, the clinical use of quercetin is hampered by its low water solubility. In addition, optimal synergism can only be ...

A novel method for the characterization of drug metabolites was developed by integrating chip-based solid-phase extraction (SPE) with an online electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-fight mass spectrometer (ESI-Q-TOF-MS). The integrated microfluidic device was composed of circular chambers for cell culture and straight microchannels with shrink ends to pack the ...

There is a growing need to optimize the use of old and new antibiotics to treat serious as well as less serious infections. The topic of how to use pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) knowledge to conserve antibiotics for the future was elaborated on in a workshop of the conference (The conference "The Global Need for Effective Antibiotics - moving towards concerted action", ReAct, ...

Infrared heating controlled by intermittent heating mode was found to be able to achieve simultaneous dry-blanching and dehydration of apple slices with a desirable quality. In order to better understand the performance of intermittent heating for simultaneous dry-blanching and dehydration (SIDBD),...

Although cigarette smoking is endemic among illicit drug users, drug abuse treatment programs rarely encourage smoking cessation and often discourage it. The purpose of this study was to determine whether smoking cessation after entering drug abuse treatment influenced drug use 12 months after ...

3'-Azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) is the first clinically effective drug for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection. The drug interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) has been an important component in understanding its mechanism of action, especially in drug distribution and in ...

In these studies, Clostridium beijerinckii P260 was used to produce butanol (acetone butanol ethanol, or ABE) from wheat straw (WS) hydrolyzate in a fed-batch reactor. It has been demonstrated that simultaneous hydrolysis of WS to achieve 100% hydrolysis to simple sugars (to the extent achievable u...

A method for the simultaneous determination of 4 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) residues, including flunixin meglumine, meloxicam, diclofenac sodium and ketoprofen, in mutton muscle was developed using high performance liquid chromatography assisted by ultrasonic-microwave extraction. The NSAIDs were extracted with acidified ethanol and ...

A simple and precise stability-indicating liquid chromatography method is developed and validated for the quantitative simultaneous estimation of irbesartan (IRB) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in combined pharmaceutical dosage form. A chromatographic separation of the two drugs was achieved with an Ace5 C(18) 25-cm analytical column ...

A simple, rapid, and precise method was developed for the quantitative simultaneous determination of telmisartan and hydrochlorothiazide in combined pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatographic separation of two drugs was achieved on an ACE 5 C18 25-cm analytical column using buffer-acetonitrile (60:40, v/v) of pH 5.5, adjusted with ...

MEKC was used for the separation of nine acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs). AChEIs are an important group of drug compounds that are used medicinally to treat Alzheimer's disease and Myasthenia Gravis. At the time of the experiment, this is the first time that nine AChEIs are used simultaneously in a study. Several chromatographic parameters, such ...

A sensitive and selective capillary electrophoresis method is developed, for the first time, for effective separation and simultaneous determination of aminomethylbezoic acid (PAMBA), cefminox sodium (CMNX) and etamsylate (ETM). The electrophoresis conditions were investigated and optimized. A 25 mM phosphate solution (pH 8.5) was used as a buffer and the peak area was ...

The radiation response of oxygenated and hypoxic L1210 leukemia cells subjected to in vivo treatments with hyperthermia and/or chemical radiosensitizers was evaluated with the (/sup 125/I)iododeoxyuridine prelabeling assay. X irradiation of L1210 cells at body temperatures of 41/sup 0/C or higher resulted in strongly enhanced tumor cell death. The magnitude of this thermal effect increased with ...

This paper reports on the design, fabrication and characterization of silicon-based microprobes for simultaneous neural recording and drug delivery. The fabrication technology is based on two-stage deep reactive ion etching combined with silicon wafer bonding and grinding to realize channel structures integrated in needle-like probe shafts. Liquids can be ...

A sensitive and selective method based on gas chromatography hyphenated to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for the screening of 23 different compounds including ?-blockers, flavonoids, isoflavones and metabolites in human urine sample was developed and validated. The present paper reports, for the first time, the method for the simultaneous determination of ?-blockers, isoflavones, ...

A novel, precise, accurate and rapid isocratic reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatographic/ultraviolet (RP-HPLC/UV) method was developed, optimized and validated for simultaneous determination of rosuvastatin and atorvastatin in human serum using naproxen sodium as an internal standard. Effect of different experimental parameters and various particulate columns on ...

An approach of forced degradation study was successfully applied for the development of a stability-indicating assay method for simultaneous determination of perindopril and indapamide in a formulation in the presence of its degradation products. The method showed adequate separation of perindopril and indapamide from their associated main impurities and degradation products. ...

A simple, rapid and sensitive reversed phase high performance liquid chromatographic method using photodiode array detection was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of granisetron hydrochloride, benzyl alcohol, 1-methyl-1H-indazole-3-carboxylic acid (the main degradation product of granisetron) and benzaldehyde (the main degradation product of benzyl ...

A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of cholesterol and 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) in liposome-based drug formulations has been developed. Liposome formulations of anticancer agents (viz., paclitaxel, docetaxel, 7-ethyl-10-hydroxycamptothecin (SN38), doxorubicin, mitoxantrone and an antisense ...

BackgroundDisseminated cancer remains a nearly uniformly fatal disease. While a number of effective chemotherapies are available, tumors inevitably evolve resistance to these drugs ultimately resulting in treatment failure and cancer progression. Causes for chemotherapy failure in cancer treatment reside in multiple levels: poor vascularization, hypoxia, intratumoral high ...

A simple and rapid RP-HPLC-DAD method was developed and validated for simultaneous determination of the dopamine antagonists haloperidol, its diazepane analog, and the dopamine agonist bromocriptine in rat plasma, to perform pharmacokinetic drug-interaction studies. Samples were prepared for analysis by acetonitrile (22.0 ?g/mL) plasma protein ...

Architectural and functional abnormalities of blood vessels are a common feature in tumors. A consequence of increased vascular permeability and concomitant aberrant blood flow is poor delivery of oxygen and drugs, which is associated with treatment resistance. In the present study, we describe a strategy to simultaneously visualize tissue oxygen ...

A simple, precise and stability-indicating HPLC method was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of bisoprolol fumarate and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical dosage form. The method involves the use of easily available inexpensive laboratory reagents. The separation was achieved on an Inertsil ODS 3V (25cmx4.6mm) 5microm column ...

Cochlear blood flow (CoBF), perilymphatic partial pressure of oxygen (PL-pO2), cochlear microphonics (CMs), compound action potentials of the auditory nerve (CAPs), and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) were studied in noise-exposed guinea pigs during and after the following treatments: intravenous infusion of isotonic saline (placebo); blood flow promoting drugs ...

A rapid, sensitive and selective bioanalytical method was developed for the simultaneous determination of fluoxetine and its primary metabolite norfluoxetine in human plasma. Sample preparation was based on supported liquid extraction (SLE) using methyl tert-butyl ether to extract the analytes from human plasma. Chromatography was performed on a Synergi 4?? polar-RP column ...

Dronedarone is a derivative of amiodarone - a popular antiarrhythmic drug. It was developed to overcome the limiting iodine-associated toxicities of amiodarone. Debutyldronedarone is a major circulating active metabolite of dronedarone in humans. To investigate the pharmacokinetics of dronedarone, a rapid, simple, and sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ...

This work presents a new multi-residue analytical method based on solid phase extraction (SPE) with Oasis HLB sorbent, followed by gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) for the simultaneous determination of a group of 10 acidic and neutral pharmaceuticals and related compounds in wastewaters. The typical derivation step was avoided, allowing the determination ...

A liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for buprenorphine (BUP), norbuprenorphine (NBUP), methadone, 2-ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP), cocaine, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester (EME), morphine, codeine, 6-acetylmorphine, heroin, 6-acetylcodeine, cotinine, and trans-3'-hydroxycotinine quantification in sweat was developed and comprehensively validated. ...