Directors strive for a unified sound throughout their wind and orchestra ensembles. Articulation affects sound uniformity among winds and strings. This baseline study examined whether a trumpet player could better match a violin player's articulation, as perceived by participants listening to a recording of two performances, when: (a) ...

In this letter, to improve the acoustic impedance measurement in a tube using the two-microphone method, a sound source technique is developed that is capable of generating incident sound waves of uniform intensity over the entire frequency range of interest. The basic principle is to use a digitally synthesized compensation input ...

Recently, the development of flexible electret based electrostatic actuator has been widely discussed. The devices was shown to have high sound quality, energy saving, flexible structure and can be cut to any shape. However, achieving uniform charge on the electret diaphragm is one of the most critical processes needed to have the ...

We study the zero sound and the first sound in a dilute and ultracold disk-shaped normal Fermi gas with a strong harmonic confinement along the axial direction and uniform in the two planar directions. Working at zero temperature we calculate the chemical potential ? of the fermionic fluid as a function of the ...

The primary objective is the development of methods to utilize satellite soundings. To achieve that,

... pressure or uniform velocity, and a ... Descriptors : (*ULTRASONIC RADIATION, PROPAGATION), (*SOUND ... CYLINDRICAL BODIES, LIQUIDS, PIPES ...

... Title : ACO Perceptions Regarding the Uniformity and Consistency in Defense Contractor Cost Accounting Practices Achieved by Cost Accounting ...

State feedback control of a sound field is investigated for improving the irregular distribution of the natural frequencies at low frequencies. A state-space description of a sound field is derived from an inhomogeneous wave equation using the finite element method. The feedback control system is realized as a feedback filter between sensor microphones and ...

... Title : A New Test Specimen Geometry for Achieving Uniform Biaxial Stress Distributions in Laminated Composite Cylinders,. Corporate Author : ...

... the operating procedures for Chinook salmon hatcheries in Puget Sound, their role in achieving the comanagers� resource management ... and their consistency with the protection given to Puget Sound Chinoo...

... to a uniform duct is specified ... TRANSMISSION, *AIRCRAFT ENGINE DUCTS, COMPUTER PROGRAMS ... Subject Categories : ACOUSTICS JET AND ...

... MODULATION, QUALITY, SOFTENING, SOUND, STRUCTURES, UNIFORMS, VELOCITY, X RAY DIFFRACTION, X RAYS, STRAIN(MECHANICS ...

Under proper conditions of vacuum and mold preheat, a sound ductile alloy bond can be achieved by casting molten uranium into zirconium and Zircaloy- 2 molds. Investigations indicate that a process for production of zirconium of Zircaloy-2 clad fuel elements can be developed by casting directly into preformed shells. Employment of cast bonding ...

The assumption of diffuse reflection (Lambert's Law) leads to integral equations for the wall intensity in a reverberant sound field in the steady state and during decay. The latter equation, in the special case of a spherical enclosure with uniformly absorbent walls and uniform wall intensity, allows exponential decay with a ...

The analytic models developed for computing the periodic sound pressure of subsonic fans and compressors in an infinite, hardwall annular duct with uniform flow are described. The basic sound-generating mechanism is the scattering into sound waves of velo...

The process achieves the arrangement of the crystalline microstructure of the metal in a uniform direction (directional solidification). One of the greatest ...

The cylindrical and spherical harmonic expansions of oscillating sound fields rotating at a constant rate are derived. These expansions are a generalized form of the stationary sound field expansions. The derivations are based on the representation of interior and exterior sound fields using the simple source approach and determination ...

... A novel susceptor concept for metal-mesh susceptors, designed to achieve uniform in-plane temperatures during induction heating, is documented. ...

If the inlet flow to a fan is non-uniform, as is often the case for aircraft engines, then undesirable tonal noise can be generated. A number of authors have suggested using active cancellation to reduce the noise. The secondary field can either be generated by loudspeakers or by the fan itself if secondary non-uniformities are deliberately introduced into ...

Uniform coating of large areas is a technically challenging aspect of physical vapor deposition. This investigation shows that good film uniformity across large areas can be repetitively achieved by a DC magnetron sputtering process by use of multiple sou...

The vapor cloud produced by a magnetron sputtering gun in the vacuum chamber is not uniform. In order to coat substrates within a desired tolerance of thickness uniformity, a 'flattening' of the vapor flux distribution is required. This is achieved by mea...

The development and adoption of the present Army Green Uniform represents the culmination of efforts extending over a long period of time to achieve a distinctive appearance for U.S. Army personnel and an identity as an attractively uniformed Armed Servic...

...incubated should be sound in shell, typical for the breed, variety, strain, or cross thereof and reasonably uniform in shape. Hatching eggs should be trayed and the baby poultry boxed with a view to uniformity of size. (e) Any nutritive material...

This study investigated interaction and achievement in cooperative small groups in four junior high school mathematics classrooms. Ninety-six students learned a one-week unit on consumer mathematics in mixed-ability or uniform-ability groups. Students in mixed-ability groups scored higher on a problem-solving test than students in ...

One of the most common proposals put forth for reform of the American system of education is to require school uniforms. Proponents argue that uniforms can make schools safer and also improve school attendance and increase student achievement. Opponents contend that uniforms have not been proven to work and may be ...

Sound transmission through straight circular ducts with a uniform inviscid mean flow and a constant acoustic lining (impedance wall) is classically described by a modal expansion. A natural extension for ducts with axially slowly varying properties (diame...

This report documents the development of a Boundary Element Method (BEM) code for the computation of sound propagation in uniform mean flows. The basic formulation and implementation follow the standard BEM methodology; the convective wave equation and th...

A set of equations for the sound propagation in an axisymmetric multisectional duct is presented. For each side of a source section, the combined duct effects of transmission, reflection, and absorption are reduced to one matrix of coefficients. The proce...

Analytical models were developed for computing the periodic sound pressures of subsonic fans in an infinite hardwall annular duct with uniform flow. The computer programs are described which are used for numerical computations of sound pressure mode ampli...

... Descriptors : *Structural mechanics, *Vibration, Sound pressure, Beams( Structural), Buckling, Fuselages, Aircraft engine ducts, Structural response ...

A quantitative analysis of the effects of difference frequency, source separation, and crossing angle on the generated scattered difference frequency sound fields is presented to evaluate the feasibility of localized sound production using 2 uniform pistons. Nonlinear crossed beam experiments were also carried out in an anechoic ...

uniform movement of a sound source going past a fixed listener from -50 to 50 meters in 6 seconds. Two) to simulate a rotating sound source around a listener located close to the 9 meters radius loopPERCEPTUAL CATEGORIZATION OF MOVING SOUNDS FOR SYNTHESIS APPLICATIONS Adrien Merer, S�lvi Ystad

can observe the basic limitation of active noise control. Cancellation of the sound radiation in all and only a modest drive voltage is required to achieve cancellation at these point so that sound pressure get almost no cancellation at all. Figure 4: Change in the ratio of controlled to uncontrolled sound

A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based directional sound sensor performance is characterized. The operation of directional sound sensor is based on the hearing organ of Ormia ochracea fly, which uses coupled bars hinged at the center to achieve th...

For the rst time in history of astronomy, a uniform theory for all orbits ... been realized in the 20th century without Kepler's achievements in science. ...

... the space exterior to the structure's wall clearing uniform widths parallel to the walls of the structure. Thest -',iclsions are independent of roof ...

... of the dacron line also permits it to act as a compliance as the ... (U) To achieve smooth, reliable and uniform erection of the hydrophone array, the ...

...2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Achieving basic uniformity. 655.604 Section 655...and Highways § 655.604 Achieving basic uniformity. (a) Programs...Roadway Safety.� Highway planning and research funds and highway related...

A method for constructing bicubic interpolation polynomials for the pressure P and internal energy E that are thermodynamically consistent at the mesh ponts and continuous across mesh boundaries is presented. The slope boundary conditions for the pressure and energy are derived from finite differences of the data and from Maxwell?s consistency relation. Monotonicity of the ...

This paper discusses issues of parallelism within frame-based reasoning systems. This effort was motivated by the author's recent work on intelligent signal processing and visual-pattern recognition. Although rule-based systems prevail as knowledge engineering tools, frame-based systems are chosen because they provide a sound knowledge-representation scheme (including ...

During the mass production of silica-based optical fibers, a large fiber preform is softened in a high-temperature furnace and is drawn to a small fiber with a diameter of about 125 ?m . The hot fiber exiting the furnace is cooled rapidly by the surrounding air or by blowing a gas, and is subsequently coated with a polymer layer to provide a protection of the fiber surface. The overall quality of ...

A method for constructing bicubic interpolation polynomials for the pressure P and internal energy E that are thermodynamically consistent at the mesh ponts and continuous across mesh boundaries is presented. The slope boundary conditions for the pressure and energy are derived from finite differences of the data and from Maxwell�s consistency relation. Monotonicity of the ...

The use of aluminum alloy castings for safety critical structural components such as engine mount brackets, steering knuckles, and control arms, offers significant opportunities for achieving weight reduction in automobiles, since they are typically about half the weight of the steel, cast iron, or ductile iron component that they replace. Metal Compression Forming (MCF) is a ...

... Small increments in the distance between pinholes were achieved by ... 4. Ludwig, GR An Experimental Investigation of the Sound Generated by Thin ...

... 1. The physical source or the sound damping is the dis- location-phonon interaction. Relativistic dislocation vel- ocities cannot be achieved in ...

... the centerline of the pilot's seat, thereby increasing ... Comfort can- not be achieved without the ... sound engineering anthro- pometric design techniques ...

... interferometer was studied under an environmentally stabilized configuration, but the theoretically sensitivity limit was not achieved. A Fabry-Perot ...

sonic boom caused by an aircraft breaking the sound barrier. ... Green. NASA achieved most APGs under this Outcome and is on-track to achieve or exceed ...

Recent studies show that introducing sound from water features in urban open spaces may reduce the loudness of road traffic noise, but it is not clear in which situations this measure also improves overall soundscape quality. This work describes a listening experiment on loudness, pleasantness, and eventfulness of stimuli that combine road traffic noise with fountain or bird ...

Documents, documenting U.S. practice; PLAYED A LEADING ROLE in the formulation of uniform international of the Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits; ENCOURAGED judicial recognition of sound letter. It recognizes and defers to sound practice especially with respect to the examination of documents; ...

A method to calculate the generation, transmission and radiation of fan noise is described. A steady uniform flow is assumed in the whole field. A hard walled circular duct is considered which is terminated at the open end by an infinite baffle. It is shown that the source mechanism is the impingement of wakes from an upstream row giving rise to fluctuating blade forces: this ...

In our Research Note (dated on December 10th, 1965), we have dealt with the generation and propagation of sound waves in a collapsing or anti-collapsing star with uniform density. It seems that its contents do not lose their physical meaning even at the p...

First and second sound speeds are calculated for a uniform superfluid gas of Fermi atoms as a function of temperature, density, and interaction strength. The second sound speed is of particular interest as it is a clear signal of a superfluid component and it determines the critical temperature. The sound modes and ...

We study the propagation of sound waves in a Bose-Einstein condensate trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice. We find that the velocity of the propagation of sound wave packets decreases with increasing optical lattice depth, as predicted by the Bogoliubov theory. The strong interplay between nonlinearities and the periodicity of the external ...

Contact transducers are a key element in experiments involving body sounds. The characteristics of these devices are often not known with accuracy. There are no standardized calibration setups or procedures for testing these sensors. This study investigated the characteristics of a new computer-controlled sound source phantom for testing sensors. Results ...

A musical note produced through the vibration of a single string is psychoacoustically simpler/purer than that produced via multiple-strings vibration. Does the psychoacoustics of instrument sound have any effect on learning outcomes in music instruction? This study investigated the effect of two psychoacoustically distinct instrument sounds on pitch ...

on the angu- lar plane-wave spectrum of sound S(,y), where y, the angle measured relative to the nominal For a uniform sound field ofwidth L the angular plane-wave power spectrum can be shown readily to have the form BETWEEN PLANE WAVES OF LIGHT AND SOUND From Ref. 8 westate the generally valid coupled equations

We study sound propagation in a uniform superfluid gas of Fermi atoms in the unitary limit. The existence of normal and superfluid components leads to appearance of two sound modes in the collisional regime, referred to as first and second sounds. The second sound is of particular interest as ...

Turbo Codes with Non-Uniform Constellations Christine Fragouli, Richard D. Wesel, D. Sommer, G. P parallel concatenated turbo codes that employ a non-uniform constellation to achieve shaping gain (a non-uniform constel- lation). The small distance of points near the center of the constella- tion

The present invention employs a constrained stagnation flow geometry apparatus to achieve the uniform deposition of materials or heat. The present invention maximizes uniform fluxes of reactant gases to flat surfaces while minimizing the use of reagents and finite dimension edge effects. This results, among other things, in large area ...

- to-noise ratio and is achieved by the use of resonant sound- producing structures. The second sound, burrows resonated at a mean frequency of 3.5kHz with a mean quality factor Q of 7.4. Natural. Life-size model burrows driven by external sound resonated at similar frequencies to the actual burrows

We show the results of an analysis of the uniformity for a direct-drive reactor using 20, 32, 60, or 96 beams. Several of these options achieve less than the 1% nonuniformity that is required. These options are considered for the cases where the solid ang...

A successfully tested method is described which achieves a more uniform illumination of an extended flat target by the charged particle beam from an accelerator, by proper use of a combination of quadrupole and octupole magneto-optical elements.

A successfully tested method is described which achieves a more uniform illumination of an extended flat target by the charged particle beam from an accelerator, by proper use of a combination of quadrupole and octupole magneto-optical elements.

Pulsed voltage is used in a flow electroplating cell for achieving spatially uniform electrodeposits. The method includes placing the sample in an electrolyte cell having an electrode, flowing an electrolyte on the sample, applying a voltage between the s...

... patented dehydration process that removes the water from molasses ingredients. Dry ingredients, that provide additional protein, energy, ... minerals, are then thoroughly combined with the dehydrated mola...

Laser irradiation uniformity is a key issue and is treated in some detail. The basic irradiation uniformity requirements and practical ways of achieving these requirements are both discussed, along with two beam-smoothing techniques: induced spatial incoh...

Applying pesticides uniformly to the target area with drip irrigation systems is essential for achieving effectiveness of efficient insect or disease control and the sustainability of a safe environment. The uniformity and recovery rate of water soluble and insoluble materials of chemical and micro...

Experimental results from the emission of vapor sources are considered in designing correcting diaphragms to achieve a uniform thickness distribution during evaporation of thin films mounted on large-area substrate holders, in different geometric configurations. PMID:18345058

Commercial ion implanters employ a variety of different systems to scan the ion beam over the target. In many of the target scanning systems employed the achievable uniformity of dose has been limited by the chosen geometry. This paper describes a compute...

A method is presented for computing the propagation of sound in an axially symmetric duct with nonuniform cross section. The nonuniform duct is mapped onto a cylindrical duct with constant cross section using a conformal map. The sound propagation in the cylindrical duct is then determined by the method of finite differences and these results transformed ...

A tunable semiconductor laser with an intrinsically wideband uniform frequency response has been developed, using the quantum confined Stark effect in quantum well material as the tuning mechanism. A frequency response uniform within 3 dB from 20 kHz to 1.2 GHz was achieved, limited by the measuring system at low frequencies and by ...

Uniform use in public schools is rising, but we know little about how they affect students. Using a unique dataset from a large urban school district in the southwest United States, we assess how uniforms affect behavior, achievement and other outcomes. Each school in the district determines adoption independently, providing variation ...

The sound generated by a vortex propagating across a two-dimensional duct section with flexible walls (membranes) in an infinitely long rigid duct conveying a flow is investigated numerically using the matched asymptotic expansion technique and the potential theory. The effects of the initial vortex position, the mechanical properties of the flexible walls, and the mean flow ...

Multilayer coatings on large substrates with increasingly complex spectral requirements are essential for a number of optical systems, placing stringent requirements on the error tolerances of individual layers. Each layer must be deposited quite uniformly over the entire substrate surface since any nonuniformity will add to the layer-thickness error level ...

Sources of uncertainty associated with realizing the standard of sound pressure using one-inch laboratory standard microphones calibrated by the closed coupler reciprocity technique are discussed in detail. A measurement technique designed to achieve an a...

The three-dimensional coupled mode sound propagation model of Chiu and Ehret (1990) is tested for its accuracy in modeling horizontal sound refraction. This test is achieved by comparing results generated by this model with exact analytic solutions to a p...

The report is on recreational fishing in the upper sounds of eastern North Carolina. The objectives were to understand the socio-economic characteristics of marine recreational fishing in the region; to achieve an understanding of the social organization ...

In this paper, expectation and discrimination are identified as two important constructs to be considered in ecological sound design to achieve a sense of presence in virtual environments. Research to investigate the extent of this is described and the results obtained are discussed. Future avenues for research, on the basis of these results, are ...

A scheme is proposed whereby a coupling can be achieved between the spin-wave and zero-sound modes in a neutral Fermi liquid; the technique should permit a detailed study of the spin-wave spectrum.

The paper investigates the effects of thermal conductivity and non-uniform magnetic field on the gravitational instability of a non-uniformly rotating infinitely extending axisymmetric cylinder in a homogeneous heat conducting medium. The non-uniform rotation and magnetic field are supposed to act along ? and z directions of the ...

Long-range transmission of explosion sounds over the Arctic abyssal plains commonly shows marked frequency dispersion of the bottom-interacting signals that follow the SOFAR signal. Hydrophones at depth and geophones on the ice surface were used as listening devices. The frequency dispersion of each pulse interacting with the flat bottom of the plain can be as strong as that ...

Sound waves incident on a thin elastic rod whose radius is smaller than the wavelength of the incident sound induce flexural and uniform compressional oscillations in the rod. These elastic oscillations, in turn, radiate sound waves into the fluid medium and affect the scattered waves. This paper deals with an ...

A theorem dealing with the purchase of defensive weapon systems is proven. The purchaser's objective is assumed to be the achievement of an assumed destruction criterion at minimal cost. It is shown that under certain circumstances it is optimal to purcha...

... It was shown that the Deuterated Arsenates can be grown to larger sizes (approximating 2 x 2 inches) and achieve much better uniformity in the ...

... The blend with irregular particles was also subjected a high- energy ball milling for 5 and 30 min in order to achieve more uniform mixing. ...

... growth for mercury cadmium telluride because it has the potential for achieving better uniformity than bulk crystal techniques. In addition it can be ...

Sep 1, 2011... specifically to their container types to achieve uniformity in nutrition and water use efficiency, something previous studies failed to address. ...

We show the capacity of a generalized pulse-position modulation (PPM) channel, ... permutations, is achieved by a uniform input distribution. ...

... the cluster to achieve a uniform distribution of radioactivity at the macroscopic level that was nonuniform at ... has very little control over the distribution of radioactivity. Penetration of the radiop...

... Achieve QDMs with high dot density (~1012 cm-2), good dot uniformity and dot ordering are needed in this solar cell structure. ...

... Achieve QDMs with high dot density (~1012 cm-2), good dot uniformity and dot ordering are needed in this solar cell structure. ...

Jan 22, 2011 ... This paper characterizes the impulse response of sucha system. The results indicate that to achieve an image with a more uniformed ...

Jun 16, 2011 ... A safety standard designed to achieve the selected goal and a uniform hazard- rating procedure will then promote a consistent level of safety at ...

... Accom- 2lish-went of this objective will permit the achievement of con- sistent and accurate uniform preload in mechanical fastened joints, thus ...

We have developed narrow-bandpass MoSi/Si multilayer mirrors for a Japanese sounding-rocket program. A high spectral resolution lambda/Deltalambda exceeding 40 was achieved by a two-mirror telescope with a multilayer coating. The single telescope had two bandpasses in the extreme-UV range for detecting a coronal high-velocity flow; the wavelength at peak ...

... Therefore, without sound estimates of seasonal relative prey abundances in the Besa-Prophet area, and assuming a relatively uniform isotopic signature for each prey species across the landscape, ... ...

In addition to the noise caused by the turbulent jet exhaust flow, the noise generated by the fans and compressors operating in the inlet duct is a dominant contributor to the overall jet aircraft engine noise. To assist in improving the understanding of ...

When a neutron moves through matter with uniform speed greater than sound velocity it creates phonons besides usual inelastic scattering process in a manner analogous to Cherenkov radiation of charged particles. The linear energy loss due to this radiatio...

An investigation was made of the effects of varied welding positions on weld qualities such as weld deposit soundness and uniformity, bead geometry, chemical composition, and mechanical properties. Automatic MIG welds were prepared in positions ranging fr...

Electron-beam-melted and arc-cast billets of Ta and Ta--0.1 w/o W alloy can be reduced to rod by direct extrusion or by rolling. Rolling produces a more uniform surface and more sound material with a corresponding greater yield. (auth)

From the in-flight measured circumferential modal spectra of the Rolls-Royce Tay 650 engine mounted on the Fokker 100, it was found that the sound field propagating upstream in the inlet is strongly modulated by intercostal hard-walled strips in the lined...

A formal solution is obtained for the effect of a thin infinite plate with damping on the sound field due to a point source located a small distance from the plate in a uniform acoustic medium occupying the half-space on one side of the plate, with a vacu...

Direct numerical simulation results of aeolian tones generated by a two-dimensional obstacle (circular cylinder, square cylinder, NACA0012 airfoil) in a uniform flow are presented and the generation and propagation mechanisms of the sound are discussed. T...

In the mid 1970s, standing committee on Agriculture considered the need for a soundly based uniform approach by states territory to poultry meat inspection in view of moves towards self regulation within the industry and growing consumer awareness of pote...

An attempt was made to construct a tank in which a uniform sound field could be generated and to determine the intensity thresholds for the frequency range of one species of fish. Six goldfish (Carassius auratus) were individually trained by a shock avoid...

...Policies 22.101-1 General. (a) Agencies shall maintain sound relations with industry and labor to ensure (1) prompt...ensure a uniform Government approach concerning a particular plant or labor-management dispute. (d) Agencies should...

...fundamentally sound, which are well-managed and which have no material or significant financial weaknesses. Thus, the...general is considered a strong banking organization, rated composite 1 under the Uniform Financial Institutions Rating...

We investigate the first sound of a normal dilute and ultracold two-component Fermi gas in a cylindrical trap with harmonic radial confinement. We show that the velocity of the sound that propagates along the axial direction strongly varies in the dimensional crossover of the system. In particular, we predict that the first-sound ...

The cylindrical ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability problem, including ow and a resistive wall, is cast in the standard mathematical form, �A�x = B�x, without discretizing the vacuum regions surrounding the plasma. This is accomplished by means of a finite element expansion for the plasma perturbations, by coupling the plasma surface perturbations to the resistive wall using a ...

I present an assessment of the technological potential of shock wave consolidation of ceramic powders as a technique for producing well-bonded, uniform, crack-free monoliths. Current compaction methods are briefly reviewed and the characteristics of the consolidated material are presented. The shock and release histories experienced by powder compacts in simple compaction ...

The cylindrical ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability problem, including ow and a resistive wall, is cast in the standard mathematical form, ?A?x = B?x, without discretizing the vacuum regions surrounding the plasma. This is accomplished by means of a finite element expansion for the plasma perturbations, by coupling the plasma surface perturbations to the resistive wall using a ...

... economic unit, in greenhouse gas production over the next 10 years.3? Even if this promising sounding goal is achieved ...

boom sets in order to achieve sphere alignment in the fully deployed state. It ...... weather to be worse on Tuesday due to system to the west of. Svalbard. ...

... thread would transfer and process sounding data ... files have been already processed) the finishing ... test dataset, both processing methods achieved ...

sound, involve the viewers in the motion picture. A strong sense of reality is achieved ... motion pictures on a screen which is flat or just slightly ...

... are estimates of optimistic achievable accuracies under field conditions; static test accuracies or manufacturer's quoted accuracies may be greater ...

The Nepal Industrial Development Corporation (NIDC) has the responsibility of coordinating the Nepalese Government's program to mobilize private capital in sound and profitable industrial enterprises. This report summarizes selected activities and achieve...

... sound guidelines for managing fertility to achieve optimal yields. Good records of soil test results and fertilizer, lime, and manure applications are also very important to proper fertility management."...

... for 9-10 GHz longitudinal sound waves in a quartz rod at 1.5 K. It allows us to deduce accurately the effective transmission in liquid Helium from the ...

Results of a comprehensive survey of nursing education in Alabama are presented by the Alabama Board of Nursing. The study was undertaken to achieve direction for immediate planning for nursing education programs, and to obtain a sound basis for formulati...