... achieves a smoothly tapered sensitivity profile ... or turns density tapering can be ... EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY, TAPER, VIBRATION, WINDING. ...

We prove the equivalence between the existence of a non-trivial hitting time statistics law and Extreme Value Laws in the case of dynamical systems with measures which are not absolutely continuous with respect to Lebesgue. This is a counterpart to the result of the authors in the absolutely continuous case. Moreover, we prove an equivalent result for returns to dynamically ...

Future accelerators require unprecedented cavity performance, which is strongly influenced by interior surface nano-smoothness. Electropolishing (EP) is the technique of choice to be developed for high-field superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and related techniques point to the electropolishing mechanism of Nb in a ...

Ion beam erosion can be used as a process for achieving surface smoothing at microscopic length scales and for the preparation of ultrasmooth surfaces, as an alternative to nanostructuring of various surfaces via self-organization. This requires that in the evolution of the surface topography different relaxation mechanisms dominate over the roughening, ...

We consider the Gumbel or extreme value statistics describing the distribution function pG(?max) of the maximum values of a random field ? within patches of fixed size. We present, for smooth Gaussian random fields in two and three dimensions, an analytical estimate of pG which is expected to hold in a regime where local maxima of the field are moderately ...

While extreme black hole spacetimes with smooth horizons are known at the level of mathematics, we argue that the horizons of physical extreme black holes are effectively singular. Test particles encounter a singularity the moment they cross the horizon, and only objects with significant back-reaction can fall across a ...

The incidence of restenosis after percutaneous peripheral interventions (PPI) varies considerably depending upon the vascular bed but appears to be highest in the femoropopliteal and tibioperoneal arteries. The restenosis process in the periphery does not appear to stop at the 6-month mark, as seen with bare metal stents in the coronary arteries, but continues for a longer time, possibly years, ...

We report on the status of a new and rapidly maturing telescope technology. The technology combines the large area capability and affordability that are required for ground-based telescopes, as well as the high stiffness and extremely low areal density demanded for space telescopes. Additional capabilities include ultra-smooth surfaces, aspherical, off ...

... Charged Particle Physics Branch Plasma Physics ... from nonuniform optically smoothed single beam ... can be achieved on hydrodynamic time scales ...

Numerical simulations of beam smoothing using random phase modulation and grating dispersion are presented. Spatial spectra of the target illumination show that significantly improved smoothing at low spatial frequency is achieved while maintaining unifor...

Numerical simulations of beam smoothing using random phase modulation and grating dispersion are presented. Spatial spectra of the target illumination show that significantly improved smoothing at low spatial frequency is achieved while maintaining uniform intensity in the laser amplifier.

In this paper, we give sufficient conditions to establish central limit theorems for boundary estimates of Poisson point processes. The considered estimates are obtained by smoothing some bias corrected extreme values of the point process. We show how the smoothing leads Gaussian asymptotic distributions and therefore pointwise ...

Laser beam smoothing achieved with 1-THz-bandwidth, two-dimensional smoothing by spectral dispersion and polarization smoothing on the 60-beam, 30-kJ, 351-nm OMEGA laser system is reported.

... of the dacron line also permits it to act as a compliance as the ... (U) To achieve smooth, reliable and uniform erection of the hydrophone array, the ...

Atlas, a small saturnian satellite, has an extremely smooth surface. From geological and theoretical investigations, we propose dust levitation might be active at a global-scale as a major resurfacing process on the surface of Atlas.

This citation summarizes a one-page announcement of technology available for utilization. Extremely smooth finishes are machined on the inside surfaces of tubes by a new attachment for lathe. The relatively inexpensive accessory, called a microhone, holds...

assure that the extremely high optical density for blocking and the uniform ... in optical density (OD from 0 to 8) and smooth variations within that range. ...

... and amplitude of recorded muscle potentials. ... have usually been taken on muscles not involved ... the particular type of smoothing function employed ...

... any information over a smooth curve drawn through the observed events when applied to long-record gauges like Cleveland and Buffalo harbor. ...

Research on superhydrophobic materials has mostly focused on their extreme non-wettability. However, the implications of superhydrophobicity beyond wetting, in particular for transport phenomena, remain largely unexplored.

Recently, we reported the growth of atomically smooth Al(111) films on Si(111) with continuously controllable thickness down to the extreme level of 1 ML. Here, we study the underlying unexpected Si adatom-mediated clustering-melting mechanism by scanning tunneling microscopy and by the first-principles calculations. The Si adatoms in the initial ...

A newly developed beryllium-based multilayer system consisting of polycrystalline Be and amorphous MoRu layers is presented. The multilayer exhibits many remarkable properties: reflectivity as high as 69.3% at a wavelength of 11.4 nm (achieved with 50 bilayers giving a bandwidth of 0.35 nm), near-zero intrinsic stress, and excellent smoothing properties. ...

to the extreme reported in the social psychology literature. We argue that a good candidate to model for the social psychology data and theories related to this phenomenon. The modification is based such radical decisions, had they been alone. A tremendous set of experiments in social psychology, beginning

European Extremely Large Telescope (E-ELT) based in 984 primary mirror segments achieving required optical performance; they must position relatively to adjacent segments with relative nanometer accuracy. CESA designed M1 Position Actuators (PACT) to comply with demanding performance requirements of EELT. Three PACT are located under each segment ...

This paper introduces the notion of robust extremes in deterministic chaotic systems, presents initial theoretical results, and outlines associated inferential techniques. A chaotic deterministic system is said to exhibit robust extremes under a given observable when the associated statistics of extreme values depend ...

The estimation of forces and responses due to the nonlinearities in ocean waves is vital in the design of offshore structures, as these forces and responses would result in the extreme loads. Simulation of such events in a laboratory is quite laborious. Even for the preparation of the driving signals for the wave boards, one needs to resort to numerical models. In order to ...

The accurate assessment of local myocardial strain is important for diagnosing ischemic heart diseases because decreased myocardial motion often appears in the early stage. Calculating the spatial derivation of displacement is a necessary step in the strain calculation, but the numerical calculation is extremely sensitive to noise. Commonly used smoothing ...

Every few years new polishing technologies attempt to make the transition from the research laboratory into the commercial sector. Success awaits any process that is well controlled and predictable (e.g., deterministic), rapid, capable of smoothing to sub-nm rms roughness levels while removing damage from grinding, affordable, and easily implemented. Applicability to different ...

This paper outlines a general beamline smoothing concept based on the use of First Principle Component analysis. Bean-dine smoothing is commonly used for the detection of blunders in the positioning of beam elements and to provide a smooth particle beam path with the fewest adjustments to individual beam components. It also provides ...

A wide spectrum of extreme events ranging from traffic jams to floods take place on networks. Motivated by these, we employ a random walk model for transport and obtain analytical and numerical results for the extreme events on networks. They reveal an unforeseen, and yet a robust, feature: small degree nodes of a network are more likely to encounter ...

A wide spectrum of extreme events ranging from traffic jams to floods take place on networks. Motivated by these, we employ a random walk model for transport and obtain analytical and numerical results for the extreme events on networks. They reveal an unforeseen, and yet a robust, feature: small degree nodes of a network are more likely to encounter ...

A simple geometric condition that can be attached to an extremal problem of a fairly general form included in a family of problems is indicated. This is used to demonstrate that the task of formulating a uniform condition for smooth convex problems can be satisfactorily accomplished. On the other hand, the necessity of this new condition of optimality is ...

chains (MHC) (Xie et al. 2000; Szent-Gyo�rgyi and Chantler 1994). Rapid muscle contraction is initiated contraction in both smooth and striated muscles, representing the extremes of force maintenance (Probst et al contraction in molluscan smooth muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 26:455�460. doi:10.1007/s10974

Bronchial smooth muscle hyperplasia is a well-known structural change in asthma. The degree of hyperplasia is related to asthma severity. We report a case of extreme smooth muscle hyperplasia in an asthmatic patient. A 54-year-old female with a diagnosis of analgesic-induced asthma was admitted to our center for nasal polyposis ...

Extremely High Temperatures Achieved. " Extremely High Thermal Gradients. " Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Mismatch. " Stress Analysis Required ...

The next generation of adaptive optics (AO) systems, often referred to as extreme adaptive optics (ExAO), will use higher numbers of actuators to achieve ...

We demonstrate a new technique for the design of chirped mirrors with extremely smooth dispersion characteristics over an extended ultra-broadband wavelength range. Our approach suppresses spectral dispersion oscillations, which can lead to unwanted strong spectral modulations and limit the bandwidth of mode-locked laser pulses. Dispersion oscillations are ...

A linear, fixed-interval stock replenishment policy that achieves an optimal cost balance between inventory and order-level variances is derived in this paper. The reorder rule relies on first order exponential smoothing to predict random components of th...

In this paper we discuss the laser-beam-smoothing techniques for obtaining the highly symmetric illumination required for high gain laser fusion. We review the various beam smoothing techniques and discuss the constraints placed on these techniques if the...

Polarization smoothing (PS) is the illumination of the target with two distinct and orthogonally polarized speckle patterns. Since these two polarizations do not interfere, the intensity patterns add incoherently and thus the contrast of the intensity nonuniformity can be reduced by a factor of {radical}2 in addition to any reduction achieved by temporal ...

Photopolymers are appealing materials for the fabrication of diffractive optical elements (DOEs). We evaluate the possibilities of polyvinyl-alcohol/acrylamide-based photopolymers to store diffractive elements with low spatial frequencies. We record gratings with different spatial frequencies in the material and analyze the material behavior measuring the transmitted and the reflected orders as a ...

In this paper we have reviewed our achievements in soft X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (EUV) optics. Up to now, the research system of soft X-ray and EUV optics has been established, including light sources, detectors, calibrations, optical testing and machining of super smooth mirrors, and fabrications of multilayer film mirrors. Based ...

Laser beam smoothing achieved with 1-THz-bandwidth, two-dimensional smoothing by spectral dispersion and polarization smoothing on the 60-beam, 30-kJ, 351-nm OMEGA laser system is reported. These beam-smoothing techniques are directly applicable to direct-drive ignition target designs for the ...

The Design of Highway Bridges for Extreme Events is a design procedure for the application of extreme load events and the combination of their load effects in the AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications (1998). This is achieved by proposing a set of load...

Low energy density in conventional capacitors severely limits efforts to miniaturize power electronics and imposes design limitations on electronics in general. We have successfully applied physical vapor deposition technology to greatly increase capacitor energy density. The high dielectric breakdown strength we have achieved in alumina thin films allows high energy density ...

An option to overcome this offset in thrust is to employ a model-based control ...... general methodology to achieve a smooth downward thrust transient, ...

Sep 1, 2011 ... Description: Lean manufacturing represents a set of tools and a stepwise strategy for achieving smooth, predictable product flow, maximum ...

Foster's was an extremely difficult role to play, for the manned spaceflight office tended to view science as something that might support the achievement ...

... need not cause immediate failure in the post-launch ... is achieved, and (b) the failures occur only at ... levels (an application of the statistics of extremes ...

Infrared spectroscopic techniques have become extremely powerful tools for use in achieving a number

... In particular, it is extremely important to achieve both a fine acicular ferrite microstructure at the expense of coarse grain boundary and side plate ...

... These are the American military experts referred to ... perspective, had been repressed by the Crown for ... achieved self-rule, and a British province in ...

... extremely difficult to engineer equal access to knowledge, equal opportunity to attend fora and an appropriate balance of ... ...

The impact of smoothing method on the performance of a direct drive target is modeled and examined in terms of its 1-mode spectrum. In particular, two classes of smoothing methods are compared, smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD) and the induced spatial incoherence (ISI) method. It is found that SSD using sinusoidal phase modulation ...

Multilayer coated blazed gratings with high groove density are the best candidates for use in high resolution EUV and soft x-ray spectroscopy. Theoretical analysis shows that such a grating can be potentially optimized for high dispersion and spectral resolution in a desired high diffraction order without significant loss of diffraction efficiency. In order to realize this potential, the grating ...

We present the design of a broadband superconductor-insulator-superconductor (SIS) mixer operating near 700 GHz. A key feature of our design is the utilisation of a new type of waveguide to planar circuit transition comprising a unilateral finline taper. This transition is markedly easier to design, simulate and fabricate than the antipodal finline we employed previously. The finline taper and the ...

We introduce some inexact versions of the minimal residual smoothing (IMRS) technique to accelerate the standard multigrid convergence. These are modified versions of the minimal residual smoothing (MRS) technique introduced in an earlier paper [26]. The IMRS acceleration schemes minimize the residual norm of the multigrid iterate in a subspace and reduce ...

Using a fully kinetic 2D Fokker-Planck model, the generation and evolution of ion density perturbations from nonuniform laser deposition in a plasma slab have been studied. It is found that significant smoothing of the ion density perturbations from nonuniform optically smoothed single beam laser deposition can be achieved on ...

Using a fully kinetic 2D Fokker-Planck model, the generation and evolution of ion density perturbations from nonuniform laser deposition in a plasma slab have been studied. It is found that significant smoothing of the ion density perturbations from nonuniform optically smoothed single beam laser deposition can be achieved on ...

The impact of extreme/rogue waves can lead to serious damage of vessels as well as marine and coastal structures. Such extreme waves in deep water are characterized by steep wave fronts and an energetic wave crest. The process of wave breaking is highly complex and, apart from the general knowledge that impact loadings are highly impulsive, the dynamics of ...

Local cold markedly reduces the rate of blood flow in the extremities. Experiments were performed to see whether it also increased the sensitivity of vascular smooth muscle to noradrenaline in terms of a reduced threshold dose. Rate of blood flow in the f...

The objective of the program was to develop an electrically tunable semiconductor laser. This laser was to have a smooth tuning curve and is to be electrically tunable over a large spectral range and extremely rapidly tunable. A possible application of su...

Michelin Tire syndrome is a genetic disease caused by smooth muscle hematoma formation, a condition which causes symmetrical, ringed creases around all extremities and the torso. Oral findings in a child with this syndrome were unusual and are presented in this case report. PMID:7608376

The overriding features of the synchrotron beams which make them applicable to medical research are their extremely high intensity and broadband energy spectrum. Several orders of magnitude separate the smooth, continuous spectrum of the synchrotron from ...

For adequate risk management in mountainous countries, hazard maps for extreme snow events are needed. This requires the computation of spatial estimates of return levels. In this article we use recent developments in extreme value theory and compare two main approaches for mapping snow depth return levels from in situ measurements. The first one is based ...

For adequate risk management in mountainous countries, hazard maps for extreme snow events are needed. This requires the computation of spatial estimates of return levels. In this article we use recent developments in extreme value theory and compare two main approaches for mapping snow depth return levels from in situ measurements. The first one is based ...

... bluestem (Andropogon scoparius Michx.), and green needlegrass (Stipa viridula Trin.), with some invasion by smooth brome (Bromus ... basin dominated by the wet-meadow vegetation zone (Carex, Spartina, Ast...

The continental slope of the Gulf Basin covers an area of more than 500,000 sq km and consists of smooth and gently sloping surfaces, prominent escarpments, knolls intraslope basins, and submarine canyons and channels. It is an area of extremely diverse t...

A recently developed finite difference algorithm is presented for steady incompressible Navier-Stokes calculations. The algorithm is extremely robust with respect to Reynolds number, and has been used to directly compute incompressible flows with smoothly...

The effective utilization of synchrotron radiation (SR) from high-brightness sources requires the use of optical components with very smooth surfaces and extremely precise shapes. Most manufacturers are not capable of measuring the figure and finish quali...

For the study of bifurcations and chaotic behavior of nonlinear dynamical systems, discrete mappings turned out to be extremely useful. In order to study the smooth evolution underlying two dimensional invertible mappings, we discuss the suspension of the...

Deep multicolor surface photometry has been obtained for three extreme examples of smooth-armed spirals, galaxies with a global spiral pattern but with little or no interstellar gas, dust, or recent star formation: NGC 7743, NGC 495 and NGC 718. The results suggest that smooth-armed spirals may be transient bar-driven density waves ...

Super-smooth rounded or formed articles made of thermoplastic materials including various poly(methyl methacrylate) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers are produced by immersing the articles into a bath, the composition of which is slowly changed with time. The starting composition of the bath is made up of at least one solvent for the polymer and a diluent made up ...

Super-smooth rounded or formed articles made of thermoplastic materials including various poly(methyl methacrylate) or acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymers are produced by immersing the articles into a bath, the composition of which is slowly changed with time. The starting composition of the bath is made up of at least one solvent for the polymer and a diluent made up ...

In recent years, damage to agricultural products, livestock, and power transmission systems by crows is regarded as a serious problem; countermeasures against crow damage are urgently necessary. This paper proposed a method for detecting crow calls in various environmental sounds. If detection and discernment of crow calls were possible, various actions could be undertaken to prevent the damage. ...

Gold caps on silicon nanowires are selectively coated with silver by autometallography (electroless deposition). Changing the conditions of silver deposition, a variety of different coating morphologies can be produced [figure: see text]. The different silver coating morphologies are investigated in terms of their capabilities for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) experiments.Gold caps on ...

There is a significant amount of research devoted to developing materials and processes for spaceborne mirrors. Carbon fiber mirrors and advanced ceramic mirrors such as SiC are being developed. These materials provide excellent stiffness to weight ratios and thermal stability. The principal problem with using these lightweight materials for mirrors is the difficulty of polishing the surface to ...

In this brief review we discuss current efforts to understand the origin of energetic particles, focussing here on the recent work on the physics of supernova explosions. Acceleration to the highest energy may come from jets and hot spots emanating from massive black holes. If the sky remains smooth in the arrival directions of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays to the highest ...

We present a real-time algorithm which can recover the 3D trajectory of a monocular camera, moving rapidly through a previously unknown scene. Our system, which we dub MonoSLAM, is the first successful application of the SLAM methodology from mobile robotics to the "pure vision" domain of a single uncontrolled camera, achieving real time but drift-free performance inaccessible ...

Much has been written about the apparently inexorable growth in missile accuracy as a prime example of technology driving the arms race. Yet detailed examination of the history of inertial guidance-technology - the key form of ballistic missile guidance - reveals no such straight-forward technological imperative. Furthermore, it is important to recognize the extent to which arms-control measures ...

A fully portable vitreous carbon-/sup 170/Tm blood irradiator in a carotid-jugular shunt reduces lymphocyte levels in goats, with recovery to preirradiation levels requiring several months. It appears that lymphocyte response to chronic irradiation is more closely related to daily cumulative dose than to acute dose (transit dose) delivered to blood during a single pass through the irradiator. ...

The results of a series of experiments to characterize the coherence properties of XUV (extreme ultraviolet) radiation produced by high-order harmonic generation in helium, neon and argon are reported and compared to predictions from an effective order model. The harmonics exhibit smooth, near Gaussian spatial profiles, and have a divergence that is ...

The ACS Pure Parallel Lyman-alpha Emission Survey (APPLES) is a new project to obtain simultaneous, deep images and spectra of random extragalactic fields. APPLES exploits slitless grism observations with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on the Hubble Space Telescope to achieve high sensitivity over a wavelength range uninterrupted by night sky emission lines. It will thereby ...

Full metal various nanostructures with extremely smooth surface, small feature size and high aspect ratio can be fabricated by a template stripping method with EBL-patterned PMMA layer as a template. It is further demonstrated that our method is crucial to obtain clear and abundant plasmonic modes in nanocavities with metal reflectors. PMID:20734376

volcanic cone is symmetrical in shape and knowing the length of the cone's side and the incidence angle. These values are similar to heights and slopes of some volcanic cones on the Earth. PIA00487 #12;Aine Corona, and the extremely smooth floor of the crater. The smoothness of the floor may be due to ponding of volcanic lava

Leiomyomas are the benign tumors of the smooth muscle that usually arise in the gastrointestinal system and in the uterus. Oral leiomyomas are uncommon due to the paucity of the smooth muscles in the mouth (except in blood vessels) and those of the mandible are extremely rare. Leiomyomas have been classified as solid, angiomyoma ...

The smooth muscle of the monkey oviduct is similar to that described for other species and organs. Cell-to-cell contacts, in the form of simple appositions, were numerous. The adrenergic nerve supply was sparse, and close contacts between nerve and muscle were extremely rare. There was no difference in the density of innervation between the isthmus and ...

In previous studies, it was shown that there is a need for efficient motor rehabilitation approaches. For this purpose, we evaluated a music-supported training program designed to induce an auditory-sensorimotor co-representation of movements in 20 stroke patients (10 affected in the left and 10 in the right upper extremity). Patients without any previous musical experience ...

The entropy of extremal black holes (BHs) is obtained using a continuity argument from extremal quasiblack holes (QBHs). It is shown that there exists a smooth limiting transition in which (i) the system boundary approaches the extremal Reissner�Nordstr�m (RN) horizon, (ii) the temperature at infinity tends to ...

In rate control, smooth picture quality and smooth buffer occupancy are both important but contrary to each other at a given bit rate. How to get a good tradeoff between them was not devoted much attention previously. To deal with this problem, a theoretical window model is proposed in this paper, in which several adjacent frames grouped as a window are ...

Smoothing by spectral dispersion (SSD) with standard frequency modulation (FM), although simple to implement, has the disadvantage that low spatial frequencies present in the spectrum of the target illumination are not smoothed as effectively as with a more general smoothing method (eg, induced spatial incoherence method). The reduced ...

Bandwidth smoothing algorithms have been shown to be effective in reducing the network resource requirements for the delivery of compressed video streams. For stored video, a large number of bandwidth smoothing algorithms have been introduced that are optimal under certain constraints. These algorithms, however, require access to all the frame sizes to ...

Condensers having a mirror with a diffraction grating in projection lithography using extreme ultra-violet significantly enhances critical dimension control. The diffraction grating has the effect of smoothing the illumination at the camera's entrance pupil with minimum light loss. Modeling suggests that critical dimension control for 100 nm ...

Condensers having a mirror with a diffraction grating in projection lithography using extreme ultra-violet significantly enhances critical dimension control. The diffraction grating has the effect of smoothing the illumination at the camera's entrance pupil with minimum light loss. Modeling suggests that critical dimension control for 100 nm ...

#12; The module of smooth (i.e. class C # ) sections of any bundle # : E # M over a manifold M is denoted by #(E neighborhood U . We say that c is a normal extremal if there exists a section # of T # M along c extremal if there exists a section # along c such that # # # # i (t) = - #g jk #x i (c(t))# j (t)# k (t

Introduction: We introduce billboard clouds � a new approach for extreme simplification in the context of realtime rendering. 3D models are simplified onto a set of planes with texture and transparency maps. We present an optimization approach to build a billboard cloud for a textured polygonal model and a given geometric error threshold. We demonstrate our technique on a ...

The acousto-ultrasonic method of nondestructive evaluation is an extremely sensitive means of assessing material response. Efforts continue to complete the understanding of this method. In order to achieve the full sensitivity of the technique, extreme ca...

This AFOSR URI addressed complex research problems of materials degradation and fatigue in aerospace structures in severe or extreme environments. A better understanding of materials degradation and flaw initiation dynamics was achieved through a multi-di...

... Grant Nonprofit Private Project Public Secretary Supplies...causes extreme difficulty in attaining independence in daily life activities, achieving...cause extreme difficulty in attaining independence in daily life activities,...

... Grant Nonprofit Private Project Public Secretary Supplies...causes extreme difficulty in attaining independence in daily life activities, achieving...cause extreme difficulty in attaining independence in daily life activities,...

In recent years multigrid algorithms have been applied to increasingly difficult systems of partial differential equations and major improvements in both speed of convergence and robustness have been achieved. Problems involving several interacting fluids are of great interest in many industrial applications, especially in the process and petro-chemical sectors. However, the ...

The relationship between Hawking radiation emitted by nonextremal and extremal Reissner-Nordstroem black holes is critically analyzed. A careful study of a series of regular collapsing geometries reveals that the stress energy tensor stays regular in the extremal limit and is smoothly connected to that of nonextremal black holes. The ...

During 2004 and 2005, MBARI has conducted several high-resolution bathymetry, sidescan, and subbottom profiler surveys in and around Monterey Canyon, Monterey Bay, California. These surveys were conducted using the new MBARI Mapping Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV). This torpedo-shaped, 6000 m deep rated vehicle is equipped with a 200 kHz multibeam sonar, 110 kHz and 410 kHz chirp sidescan ...

Here, we propose a new complex path to achieve better absorption during the propagation of a wavepacket. In the proposed modified smooth exterior scaling (SES) method, scaling function, ?(x), has been chosen as a real function rather than complex (as used in a conventional smooth exterior scaling method). It greatly reduces the ...

Search space smoothing and related heuristic optimization algorithms provide an alternative approach to simulated annealing and its variants: while simulated annealing traverses barriers in the energy landscape at finite temperatures, search space smoothing intends to remove these barriers, so that a greedy algorithm is sufficient to find the global ...

Electrostatic probes or Langmuir probes are the most common diagnostic tools in plasma discharges. The second derivative of the Langmuir probe I-V characteristic is proportional to the electron energy distribution function. Determining the second derivative accurately requires some method of noise suppression. We compare the Savitzky-Golay filter, the Gaussian filter, and polynomial fitting to the ...

Electrostatic probes or Langmuir probes are the most common diagnostic tools in plasma discharges. The second derivative of the Langmuir probe I-V characteristic is proportional to the electron energy distribution function. Determining the second derivative accurately requires some method of noise suppression. We compare the Savitzky-Golay filter, the Gaussian filter, and polynomial fitting to the ...

Mar 31, 2000 ... Excimer laser ablative (ELA) stripping employs a laser to achieve extremely precise stripping of difficult to strip insulation materials and ...

Excimer laser ablative (ELA) stripping employs a laser to achieve extremely precise stripping of "difficult to strip" insulation materials and intricate ...

... including such extremes as hopping and liquid-like diffusion ... furnished keywords include: Solid electrolytes; batteries; ionic conductivity; conduction ...

... optical system can achieve an extremely large time-band-width product makes optical filters and autocorrelation function generators attractive for ...

Sep 18, 2009 ... Estimated Technology Readiness Level (TRL) at beginning and end of ... This approach can achieve extremely consistent passive quenching, ...

Reliable injection locking of high-power unstable resonator excimer lasers can be achieved with extremely low reference oscillator power. The criteria for injection locking are discussed and experimental results are given.

... increased. As a result of high circuit voltage and low series resistance extremely high fill factors have been achieved. As ...

in the waste bed are auto matically compensated using butterfly valves, so that the amount of air demand can

and Extreme Adaptive Optics (ExAO) to achieve contrast levels of ~107 at small ...... This can be accomplished with HST or groundbased adaptive optics ...

im sodium molecules have been experimentally achieved by using only one laser source. Their energy- level schemes are featured by the extremely near-rsonant ...