18 CFR 367.4380 - Account 438, Dividends declared-common stock.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... GAS ACT Retained Earnings Accounts § 367.4380 Account 438, Dividends declared—common stock. (a) This account must include amounts declared payable out of retained earnings as dividends on actually...

The Effect of CETA on the Postprogram Earnings of Participants.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bassi, Laurie J.

1983-01-01

Describes a study of efforts to use the Continuous Longitudinal Manpower Survey to estimate the effect that the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act (CETA) has had on the post-training earnings of participants. Results indicate that CETA has had a positive and often significant effect on the earnings of participants, and that women benefited…

How have people responded to changes in the retirement earnings test in 2000?

PubMed

Song, Jae G; Manchester, Joyce

2007-01-01

This article describes responses to removing the retirement earnings test in 2000 for persons at the full retirement age or older. We examine annual earnings and retirement benefit claims from Social Security administrative data that cover the 4 years before and after the change. Three findings emerge from the study. First, the effect on earnings of removing the earnings test is uneven across people with different earnings levels. We find little effect on earnings at lower levels, but the effect on earnings in the mid to upper levels (50th to 80th percentiles) is large and significant. Such a finding indicates that the removal most affects people with earnings levels above the earnings test threshold. The largest increases in earnings are found at the 70th percentile for persons who have attained ages 65-69 and at the 60th percentile for those turning 65. Second, there is no clear evidence of the effect of the test's removal on the overall rate of labor force participation. A small rise in work participation among individuals aged 65-69 may be at least partially attributable to the trend already under way. Increases in work participation that do occur are mostly attributable to retaining older workers rather than inducing older workers back into the workforce. The effect appears to increase over time, suggesting that the removal has long-lasting effects on work participation. Third, the removal of the earnings test accelerated applications for benefits by 2 to 5 percentage points among individuals aged 65-69 and by 3 to 7 percentage points among those reaching age 65.

75 FR 33894 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-06-15

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

76 FR 17995 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-03-31

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

76 FR 32024 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-02

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION: Notice of Meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

75 FR 18955 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-04-13

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee. AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

75 FR 25316 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-05-07

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

75 FR 7540 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-02-19

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

76 FR 22171 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-04-20

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

76 FR 2197 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee.

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-01-12

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee. AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Act, 5 U.S.C. App. (1988) that an open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit...

Evaluating the Impact of CETA on Participant Earnings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bryant, Edward C.; Rupp, Kalman

1987-01-01

Estimates of the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act's net impact on participant earnings, using Continuous Longitudinal Manpower Survey data, were compared to a similar sample from the Current Population Survey. The use of multivariate matching and weighting yielded acceptable results. (GDC)

20 CFR 302.4 - Nonqualifying earnings or payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Section 302.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT... organization; (b) Tips; (c) Payments under nongovernmental plans for unemployment, maternity or sickness... lost; (e) Wages from employment that is subject to the Federal Unemployment Tax Act; (f) Earnings from...

20 CFR 302.4 - Nonqualifying earnings or payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Section 302.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT... organization; (b) Tips; (c) Payments under nongovernmental plans for unemployment, maternity or sickness... lost; (e) Wages from employment that is subject to the Federal Unemployment Tax Act; (f) Earnings from...

20 CFR 302.4 - Nonqualifying earnings or payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... Section 302.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT... organization; (b) Tips; (c) Payments under nongovernmental plans for unemployment, maternity or sickness... lost; (e) Wages from employment that is subject to the Federal Unemployment Tax Act; (f) Earnings from...

20 CFR 302.4 - Nonqualifying earnings or payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Section 302.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT... organization; (b) Tips; (c) Payments under nongovernmental plans for unemployment, maternity or sickness... lost; (e) Wages from employment that is subject to the Federal Unemployment Tax Act; (f) Earnings from...

20 CFR 302.4 - Nonqualifying earnings or payments.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Section 302.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE RAILROAD UNEMPLOYMENT... organization; (b) Tips; (c) Payments under nongovernmental plans for unemployment, maternity or sickness... lost; (e) Wages from employment that is subject to the Federal Unemployment Tax Act; (f) Earnings from...

18 CFR 367.2161 - Account 216.1, Unappropriated undistributed subsidiary earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

..., FEDERAL POWER ACT AND NATURAL GAS ACT Balance Sheet Chart of Accounts Proprietary Capital § 367.2161... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Account 216.1, Unappropriated undistributed subsidiary earnings. 367.2161 Section 367.2161 Conservation of Power and Water...

20 CFR 225.23 - Combined Earnings PIA used in survivor annuities.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... section 215 of the Social Security Act as in effect on December 31, 1974. It is computed using the... RAILROAD RETIREMENT ACT PRIMARY INSURANCE AMOUNT DETERMINATIONS PIA's Used in Computing Survivor Annuities... annuities. The Combined Earnings PIA used in survivor annuities may be used in computing the tier II...

12 CFR 550.390 - May my officer or employee retain compensation for acting as a co-fiduciary?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false May my officer or employee retain compensation for acting as a co-fiduciary? 550.390 Section 550.390 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FIDUCIARY POWERS OF SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS Exercising Fiduciary Powers Compensation...

12 CFR 550.390 - May my officer or employee retain compensation for acting as a co-fiduciary?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 12 Banks and Banking 5 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false May my officer or employee retain compensation for acting as a co-fiduciary? 550.390 Section 550.390 Banks and Banking OFFICE OF THRIFT SUPERVISION, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY FIDUCIARY POWERS OF SAVINGS ASSOCIATIONS Exercising Fiduciary Powers Compensation...

Edufare for the Future Precariat: The Moral Agenda in Australia's "Earning or Learning" Policy

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Doherty, Catherine

2017-01-01

This paper considers the educational experience constructed under Australia's policy decision in 2009 to extend compulsory education by requiring that students must be "earning or learning" till 17 years of age. The discussion draws on an empirical project that explored the moral order operating in classrooms for students retained under…

20 CFR 725.536 - Reductions; excess earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... excess earnings under the provisions of sections 203 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 403 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l)), as if such benefit payments were benefits... was filed at any time, or of a miner whose claim was filed on or after January 1, 1982, benefit...

26 CFR 1.312-6 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... exclude from earnings and profits that portion of any premium which is unearned under the provisions of section 832(b)(4) and which is segregated accordingly in the unearned premium reserve. (b) Among the items... items includible in gross income under section 61 or corresponding provisions of prior revenue acts...

20 CFR 725.536 - Reductions; excess earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... excess earnings under the provisions of sections 203 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 403 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l)), as if such benefit payments were benefits... claim was filed at any time, or of a miner whose claim was filed on or after January 1, 1982, benefit...

20 CFR 725.536 - Reductions; excess earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... excess earnings under the provisions of sections 203 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 403 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l)), as if such benefit payments were benefits... claim was filed at any time, or of a miner whose claim was filed on or after January 1, 1982, benefit...

20 CFR 725.536 - Reductions; excess earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... excess earnings under the provisions of sections 203 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 403 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l)), as if such benefit payments were benefits... claim was filed at any time, or of a miner whose claim was filed on or after January 1, 1982, benefit...

20 CFR 725.536 - Reductions; excess earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... excess earnings under the provisions of sections 203 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l) of the Social Security Act (42 U.S.C. 403 (b), (f), (g), (h), (j), and (l)), as if such benefit payments were benefits... claim was filed at any time, or of a miner whose claim was filed on or after January 1, 1982, benefit...

20 CFR 422.125 - Statements of earnings; resolving earnings discrepancies.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Statements of earnings; resolving earnings discrepancies. 422.125 Section 422.125 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION ORGANIZATION AND... investigation the district office or branch office, where appropriate, contacts the employer and the employee or...

The gender earnings gap among pharmacists.

PubMed

Carvajal, Manuel J; Armayor, Graciela M; Deziel, Lisa

2012-01-01

A gender earnings gap exists across professions. Compared with men, women earn consistently lower income levels. The determinants of wages and salaries should be explored to assess whether a gender earnings gap exists in the pharmacy profession. The objectives of this study were to (1) compare the responses of male and female pharmacists' earnings with human-capital stock, workers' preferences, and opinion variables and (2) assess whether the earnings determination models for male and female pharmacists yielded similar results in estimating the wage-and-salary gap through earnings projections, the influence of each explanatory variable, and gender differences in statistical significance. Data were collected through the use of a 37-question survey mailed to registered pharmacists in South Florida, United States. Earnings functions were formulated and tested separately for male and female pharmacists using unlogged and semilog equation forms. Number of hours worked, human-capital stock, job preferences, and opinion variables were hypothesized to explain wage-and-salary differentials. The empirical evidence led to 3 major conclusions: (1) men's and women's earnings sometimes were influenced by different stimuli, and when they responded to the same variables, the effect often was different; (2) although the influence of some explanatory variables on earnings differed in the unlogged and semilog equations, the earnings projections derived from both equation forms for male and female pharmacists were remarkably similar and yielded nearly identical male-female earnings ratios; and (3) controlling for number of hours worked, human-capital stock, job preferences, and opinion variables reduced the initial unadjusted male-female earnings ratios only slightly, which pointed toward the presence of gender bias. After controlling for human-capital stock, job-related characteristics, and opinion variables, male pharmacists continued to earn higher income levels than female

Education, Occupation, Hierarchy and Earnings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tachibanaki, Toshiaki

1988-01-01

Attempts to estimate a recursive model of earnings distribution with education, occupation, and hierarchy, using individual data for Japanese males. Proves that hierarchical position is very significant in determining earnings level. Compares the influence of education and earnings distribution in Japan and France. Includes 3 tables and 20…

Women's Earnings: An Overview.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bowler, Mary

1999-01-01

Over the past 20 years, women's real earnings rose whereas those of men declined. Even as the gender pay gap narrowed, earnings differences between white women and black and Hispanic women continued to grow. (Author)

The Equal Pay Act: The First 30 Years.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Crampton, Suzanne M.; Hodge, John W.; Mishra, Jitendra M.

1997-01-01

Analysis by decade of the effects of the Equal Pay Act of 1963 shows that women's earnings relative to men's increased by 10 cents from 1960-1990. Black and Hispanic women's earnings lagged further behind. More education and experience did not help women narrow the gap. (SK)

49 CFR 526.5 - Earning offsetting monetary credits in future model years.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... UNDER THE AUTOMOBILE FUEL EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1980 § 526.5 Earning offsetting monetary credits in future... for the class of automobiles which may fail to comply with a fuel economy standard and for any other classes of automobiles from which credits may be transferred, for the current model year and for each...

49 CFR 526.5 - Earning offsetting monetary credits in future model years.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... UNDER THE AUTOMOBILE FUEL EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1980 § 526.5 Earning offsetting monetary credits in future... for the class of automobiles which may fail to comply with a fuel economy standard and for any other classes of automobiles from which credits may be transferred, for the current model year and for each...

49 CFR 526.5 - Earning offsetting monetary credits in future model years.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... UNDER THE AUTOMOBILE FUEL EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1980 § 526.5 Earning offsetting monetary credits in future... for the class of automobiles which may fail to comply with a fuel economy standard and for any other classes of automobiles from which credits may be transferred, for the current model year and for each...

49 CFR 526.5 - Earning offsetting monetary credits in future model years.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... UNDER THE AUTOMOBILE FUEL EFFICIENCY ACT OF 1980 § 526.5 Earning offsetting monetary credits in future... for the class of automobiles which may fail to comply with a fuel economy standard and for any other classes of automobiles from which credits may be transferred, for the current model year and for each...

Education and Lifetime Earnings in the United States.

PubMed

Tamborini, Christopher R; Kim, ChangHwan; Sakamoto, Arthur

2015-08-01

Differences in lifetime earnings by educational attainment have been of great research and policy interest. Although a large literature examines earnings differences by educational attainment, research on lifetime earnings--which refers to total accumulated earnings from entry into the labor market until retirement--remains limited because of the paucity of adequate data. Using data that match respondents in the Survey of Income and Program Participation to their longitudinal tax earnings as recorded by the Social Security Administration, we estimate the 50-year work career effects of education on lifetime earnings for men and women. By overcoming the purely synthetic cohort approach, our results provide a more realistic appraisal of actual patterns of lifetime earnings. Detailed estimates are provided for gross lifetime earnings by education; net lifetime earnings after controlling for covariates associated with the probability of obtaining a bachelor's degree; and the net present 50-year lifetime value of education at age 20. In addition, we provide estimates that include individuals with zero earnings and disability. We also assess the adequacy of the purely synthetic cohort approach, which uses age differences in earnings observed in cross-sectional surveys to approximate lifetime earnings. Overall, our results confirm the persistent positive effects of higher education on earnings over different stages of the work career and over a lifetime, but also reveal notably smaller net effects on lifetime earnings compared with previously reported estimates. We discuss the implications of these and other findings.

20 CFR 404.452 - Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment. 404.452 Section 404.452 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL...; and Nonpayments of Benefits § 404.452 Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages...

20 CFR 404.452 - Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment. 404.452 Section 404.452 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL...; and Nonpayments of Benefits § 404.452 Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages...

20 CFR 404.452 - Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment. 404.452 Section 404.452 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL...; and Nonpayments of Benefits § 404.452 Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages...

20 CFR 404.452 - Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages; net earnings from self-employment. 404.452 Section 404.452 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL...; and Nonpayments of Benefits § 404.452 Reports to Social Security Administration of earnings; wages...

Increasing Earnings Inequality in Faculty Labor Markets.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Monks, James

This study examined earnings inequality for college and university faculty, using data from the National Study of Postsecondary Faculty to examine whether earnings for this group increased from the late 1980s to the late 1990s. The study was the first to decompose faculty earnings inequality into the proportion of the earnings inequality that is…

Earnings of Students Who Change Universities

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Holmlund, Linda; Regner, Hakan

2012-01-01

Using data on Swedish university entrants, this study finds that earnings are significantly lower for students who change universities compared to students who do not change. Earnings differences decrease over time and over the earnings distribution. The pattern in the estimates seems consistent with non-transfer students having higher earnings…

Education and Lifetime Earnings in the United States

PubMed Central

Tamborini, Christopher R.; Kim, ChangHwan; Sakamoto, Arthur

2015-01-01

Differences in lifetime earnings by educational attainment have been of great research and policy interest. Although a large literature examines earnings differences by educational attainment, research on lifetime earnings—which refers to total accumulated earnings from entry into the labor market until retirement—remains limited because of the paucity of adequate data. Using data that match respondents in the Survey of Income and Program Participation to their longitudinal tax earnings as recorded by the Social Security Administration, we estimate the 50-year work career effects of education on lifetime earnings for men and women. By overcoming the purely synthetic cohort approach, our results provide a more realistic appraisal of actual patterns of lifetime earnings. Detailed estimates are provided for gross lifetime earnings by education; net lifetime earnings after controlling for covariates associated with the probability of obtaining a bachelor’s degree; and the net present 50-year lifetime value of education at age 20. In addition, we provide estimates that include individuals with zero earnings and disability. We also assess the adequacy of the purely synthetic cohort approach, which uses age differences in earnings observed in cross-sectional surveys to approximate lifetime earnings. Overall, our results confirm the persistent positive effects of higher education on earnings over different stages of the work career and over a lifetime, but also reveal notably smaller net effects on lifetime earnings compared with previously reported estimates. We discuss the implications of these and other findings. PMID:26100983

50 CFR 80.125 - How must an agency treat income that it earns after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE SPORT FISH... SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.125 How must an agency treat income that it earns after...

50 CFR 80.125 - How must an agency treat income that it earns after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE SPORT FISH... SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.125 How must an agency treat income that it earns after...

29 CFR 548.302 - Average earnings for period other than a workweek.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... authorized basic rate for all hours worked in excess of forty in the workweek. The authorized basic rate is... workweek and all his overtime hours are on job No. 2. The employee's average hourly earnings on job No. 2... hours under the act must be determined on a workweek basis. (c) In computing the basic rate under § 548...

Earnings Quality Measures and Excess Returns

PubMed Central

Perotti, Pietro; Wagenhofer, Alfred

2014-01-01

This paper examines how commonly used earnings quality measures fulfill a key objective of financial reporting, i.e., improving decision usefulness for investors. We propose a stock-price-based measure for assessing the quality of earnings quality measures. We predict that firms with higher earnings quality will be less mispriced than other firms. Mispricing is measured by the difference of the mean absolute excess returns of portfolios formed on high and low values of a measure. We examine persistence, predictability, two measures of smoothness, abnormal accruals, accruals quality, earnings response coefficient and value relevance. For a large sample of US non-financial firms over the period 1988–2007, we show that all measures except for smoothness are negatively associated with absolute excess returns, suggesting that smoothness is generally a favorable attribute of earnings. Accruals measures generate the largest spread in absolute excess returns, followed by smoothness and market-based measures. These results lend support to the widespread use of accruals measures as overall measures of earnings quality in the literature. PMID:26300582

Earnings Quality Measures and Excess Returns.

PubMed

Perotti, Pietro; Wagenhofer, Alfred

2014-06-01

This paper examines how commonly used earnings quality measures fulfill a key objective of financial reporting, i.e., improving decision usefulness for investors. We propose a stock-price-based measure for assessing the quality of earnings quality measures. We predict that firms with higher earnings quality will be less mispriced than other firms. Mispricing is measured by the difference of the mean absolute excess returns of portfolios formed on high and low values of a measure. We examine persistence, predictability, two measures of smoothness, abnormal accruals, accruals quality, earnings response coefficient and value relevance. For a large sample of US non-financial firms over the period 1988-2007, we show that all measures except for smoothness are negatively associated with absolute excess returns, suggesting that smoothness is generally a favorable attribute of earnings. Accruals measures generate the largest spread in absolute excess returns, followed by smoothness and market-based measures. These results lend support to the widespread use of accruals measures as overall measures of earnings quality in the literature.

50 CFR 80.125 - How must an agency treat income that it earns after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE AND SPORT FISH... SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.125 How must an agency treat income that it earns after...

50 CFR 80.125 - How must an agency treat income that it earns after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE AND SPORT FISH... SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.125 How must an agency treat income that it earns after...

5 CFR 630.604 - Earning rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2014-01-01 2014-01-01 false Earning rates. 630.604 Section 630.604... § 630.604 Earning rates. (a) For each 12 months of service abroad, an employee earns home leave at the following rate: (1) An employee who accepts an appointment to, or occupies, a position for which the agency...

5 CFR 630.604 - Earning rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2013-01-01 2013-01-01 false Earning rates. 630.604 Section 630.604... § 630.604 Earning rates. (a) For each 12 months of service abroad, an employee earns home leave at the following rate: (1) An employee who accepts an appointment to, or occupies, a position for which the agency...

5 CFR 630.604 - Earning rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Earning rates. 630.604 Section 630.604... § 630.604 Earning rates. (a) For each 12 months of service abroad, an employee earns home leave at the following rate: (1) An employee who accepts an appointment to, or occupies, a position for which the agency...

5 CFR 630.604 - Earning rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2012-01-01 2012-01-01 false Earning rates. 630.604 Section 630.604... § 630.604 Earning rates. (a) For each 12 months of service abroad, an employee earns home leave at the following rate: (1) An employee who accepts an appointment to, or occupies, a position for which the agency...

5 CFR 630.604 - Earning rates.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2011-01-01 2011-01-01 false Earning rates. 630.604 Section 630.604... § 630.604 Earning rates. (a) For each 12 months of service abroad, an employee earns home leave at the following rate: (1) An employee who accepts an appointment to, or occupies, a position for which the agency...

Women's Education and Earnings in Texas.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Werschkul, Misha; Gault, Barbara; Caiazza, Amy; Hartmann, Heidi

2005-01-01

Women have made remarkable strides in education during the past three decades, but these gains have yet to translate into full equity in pay. Women still earn less than men earn in nearly every profession and at every stage of their careers, and this earnings gap is evident in every state in the nation. This report focuses on educational…

How do nonprofit hospitals manage earnings?

PubMed

Leone, Andrew J; Van Horn, R Lawrence

2005-07-01

We hypothesize that, unlike for-profit firms, nonprofit hospitals have incentives to manage earnings to a range just above zero. We consider two ways managers can achieve this. They can adjust discretionary spending [Hoerger, T.J., 1991. 'Profit' variability in for-profit and not-for-profit hospitals. Journal of Health Economics 10, 259-289.] and/or they can adjust accounting accruals using the flexibility inherent in Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP). To test our hypothesis we use regressions as well as tests of the distribution of earnings by Burgstahler and Dichev [Burgstahler, D., Dichev, I., 1997. Earnings management to avoid earnings decreases and losses. Journal of Accounting and Economics 24, 99-126.] on a sample of 1,204 hospitals and 8,179 hospital-year observations. Our tests support the use of discretionary spending and accounting accrual management. Like Hoerger (1991), we find evidence that nonprofit hospitals adjust discretionary spending to manage earnings. However, we also find significant use of discretionary accruals (e.g., adjustments to the third-party-allowance, and allowance for doubtful accounts) to meet earnings objectives. These findings have two important implications. First, the previous evidence by Hoerger that nonprofit hospitals show less variation in income may at least partly be explained by an accounting phenomenon. Second, our findings provide guidance to users of these financial statements in predicting the direction of likely bias in reported earnings.

5 CFR 844.402 - Restoration of earning capacity.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Restoration of earning capacity. 844.402... Reinstatement of Disability Annuity § 844.402 Restoration of earning capacity. (a) Earning capacity... current rate of basic pay of the position occupied immediately before retirement, the annuitant's earning...

50 CFR 80.126 - How must an agency treat income earned by a subgrantee after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE AND SPORT... DINGELL-JOHNSON SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.126 How must an agency treat income earned...

50 CFR 80.126 - How must an agency treat income earned by a subgrantee after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE AND SPORT... DINGELL-JOHNSON SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.126 How must an agency treat income earned...

50 CFR 80.126 - How must an agency treat income earned by a subgrantee after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE SPORT FISH... SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.126 How must an agency treat income earned by a...

50 CFR 80.126 - How must an agency treat income earned by a subgrantee after the grant period?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... AND WILDLIFE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR (CONTINUED) FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE-WILDLIFE SPORT FISH... SPORT FISH RESTORATION ACTS Program Income § 80.126 How must an agency treat income earned by a...

Geographic Differences in the Earnings of Economics Majors

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winters, John V.; Xu, Weineng

2014-01-01

Economics has been shown to be a relatively high-earning college major, but geographic differences in earnings have been largely overlooked. The authors of this article use the American Community Survey to examine geographic differences in both absolute earnings and relative earnings for economics majors. They find that there are substantial…

25 CFR 1000.400 - Can a Tribe/Consortium retain savings from programs?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Can a Tribe/Consortium retain savings from programs? 1000...-DETERMINATION AND EDUCATION ACT Miscellaneous Provisions § 1000.400 Can a Tribe/Consortium retain savings from programs? Yes, for BIA programs, the Tribe/Consortium may retain savings for each fiscal year during which...

EARNINGS MANAGEMENT IN U.S. HOSPITALS.

PubMed

Dong, Gang Nathan

2016-01-01

This paper examines the hospital management practices of manipulating financial earnings within the bounds of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP). We conduct regression analyses that relate earnings management to hospital characteristics to assess the economic determinants of hospital earnings management behavior. From the CMS Cost Reports we collected hospital financial data of all U.S. hospitals that request reimbursement from the federal government for treating Medicare patients, and regress discretionary accruals on hospital size, profitability, asset liquidity, operating efficiency, labor cost, and ownership. Hospitals with higher profit margin, current ratio, working capital, days of patient receivables outstanding and total wage are associated with more earnings management, whereas those with larger size and higher debt level, asset turnover, days cash on hand, fixed asset age are associated with lower level of earnings manipulation. Additionally, managers of non-profit hospitals are more likely to undertake some form of window-dressing by manipulating accounting accruals without changing business models or pricing strategies than their public hospital counterparts. We provide direct evidence of the use of discretionary accruals to manage financial earnings among U.S. hospitals and the finding has profound policy implications in terms of assessing the pervasiveness of accounting manipulation and the overall integrity of financial reporting in this very special public and quasi-public service sector.

26 CFR 1.1502-33 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... has no effect on the earnings and profits of P and S.) Example 2. Section 355 distribution. (a) Facts... section 312(h). Thus, P's earnings and profits rather than S's earnings and profits may be eliminated...) of this section, P's earnings and profits may be reduced under section 312(h) as a result of the...

26 CFR 1.1502-33 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... has no effect on the earnings and profits of P and S.) Example 2. Section 355 distribution. (a) Facts... section 312(h). Thus, P's earnings and profits rather than S's earnings and profits may be eliminated...) of this section, P's earnings and profits may be reduced under section 312(h) as a result of the...

26 CFR 1.1502-33 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... has no effect on the earnings and profits of P and S.) Example 2. Section 355 distribution. (a) Facts... section 312(h). Thus, P's earnings and profits rather than S's earnings and profits may be eliminated...) of this section, P's earnings and profits may be reduced under section 312(h) as a result of the...

26 CFR 1.1502-33 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... has no effect on the earnings and profits of P and S.) Example 2. Section 355 distribution. (a) Facts... section 312(h). Thus, P's earnings and profits rather than S's earnings and profits may be eliminated...) of this section, P's earnings and profits may be reduced under section 312(h) as a result of the...

Her earnings: Exploring variation in wives' earning contributions across six major Asian groups and Whites.

PubMed

Kulkarni, Veena S

2015-07-01

Previous research on understanding race-ethnic differentials in employment and economic contributions by married women has primarily focused on Blacks, Hispanics, or Whites. This study investigates variations in wives' earning contributions as measured by wives earnings as a proportion of total annual household earnings among six Asian groups, Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese relative to native born non-Hispanic White. I disaggregate the six Asian groups by their ethnicity and nativity status. Using pooled data from 2009-2011 American Community Survey, the findings show significance of human capital, hours of paid labor market engagement and nativity status. There is strong and negative association between husbands' human capital and labor supply with wives' earning contributions suggesting near universality of male-breadwinner status. Notwithstanding the commonalities, there is significant intergroup diversity. While foreign born and native born Filipina wives despite their spouses' reasonably high human capital and work hours, contribute one of the highest shares, the same cannot be said for the Asian Indians and Japanese. For foreign born Asian Indian and to some extent Japanese women, their high human capital is not translated to high earning contribution after controlling for husband's human capital. Further, nativity status impacts groups differentially. Native born Vietnamese wives contribute the greatest. Overall, the findings underscore the relevance of employing multiple conceptual frameworks in understanding earning contributions of foreign and native born Asian wives belonging to the six Asian groups, Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipino, Japanese, Korean, and Vietnamese. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

76 FR 69126 - Graduated Retained Interests

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-11-08

... T. Miller, Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement. Emily S. McMahon, Acting Assistant... in trust or otherwise) includible in the grantor's gross estate if the grantor has retained the use... from the property for life, for any period not ascertainable without reference to the grantor's death...

Farm Wives' Labor Force Participation and Earnings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Godwin, Deborah D.; Marlowe, Julia

1990-01-01

Examines relationship between employment earnings and farm wives' decisions to work off-farm. Examines effects of wives' human capital, home factors, and labor market on work decisions and earnings. Education, experience, debt, and farm size were stronger influences on wives' decisions than on their earnings variations, once employed. (TES)

The Female-Male Earnings Gap: A Review of Employment and Earnings Issues. Report 673.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Norwood, Janet L.

In the last 20 years, an increase in the number of working women has been accompanied by changes in the female labor force and in the concentration of women in particular occupations and industries. These changes have a profound effect upon women's earnings. The Current Population Survey (CPS) shows a wide disparity in the median earnings of women…

A Comparison of Earned Value Management and Earned Schedule as Schedule Predictors on DoD ACAT I Programs

DTIC Science & Technology

2013-03-01

33 Mario Vanhoucke and Stephan Vandevoorde – “Measuring the Accuracy of Earned Value/Earned Schedule Forecasting Predictors” (2007...technical problem to the present day ‘ super projects’” (Clark and Lorenzoni, 1997: 2). Cost engineering has “application regardless of industry...large construction projects, but also the acceptance of earned schedule principles on an international scale. Mario Vanhoucke and Stephan Vandevoorde

Intraoccupational Earnings Inequality. Human Capital and Institutional Determinants.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lorence, Jon

1987-01-01

Examines the distribution of earnings within occupations. Finds that these are more widely distributed than earnings among differing occupations. Suggests some gender differences in the processes generating earnings disparities within occupations. (CH)

HMO penetration and physicians' earnings.

PubMed

Hadley, J; Mitchell, J M

1999-11-01

The goal of this study is to estimate whether cross-sectional variations in enrollment in health maintenance organizations (HMOs) affected physicians' earnings and hourly income in 1990. Using data from a nationally representative sample of 4,577 younger physicians (<45 years) conducted in 1991, we estimated a partial reduced-form model of physicians annual income and per hour income. We tested whether HMO penetration is endogenous and used the instrumental variables approach to obtain unbiased estimates. HMO penetration had a negative and statistically significant impact on physicians earnings in 1990. A doubling of the average level of HMO penetration in the market is estimated to reduce annual earnings by 7% to 10.7%, and hourly earnings by approximately 6% to 9%. It appears that HMOs were successful in reducing physicians' annual and per hour earnings in 1990, presumably through a combination of fewer visits and lower payment rates for people covered by HMOs. Although these results cannot be generalized to all physicians, the experience of a younger cohort of physicians may still be a good indicator of the future effects of HMOs because younger physicians may be more susceptible to market forces than older and more established physicians. Moreover, these results may be somewhat conservative because they reflect market behavior in 1990, several years before the rapid growth and more aggressive market behavior of HMOs in recent years.

State earnings analysis for the Administrator's Annual Report. analysis memorandum. [Use of Regional Earnings Impact System (REIS)

DOE Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI.GOV)

Sandoval, A.D.; Schnapp, R.M.; Wenger, R.S.

1978-05-01

The 1978 EIA Annual Report to Congress, Volume II, considers a series of energy projections that incorporate different assumptions about energy resource availability, economic growth, and the price of imported oil. A version of the Regional Earnings Impact System (REIS) is used to estimate the 1985 State earnings associated with five of those energy projections. The projections are: Series A: high energy resources and high economic growth; Series B: low energy resources and high economic growth; Series C: mid-level energy resources and economics growth; Series D: high energy resources and low economic growth; and Series E: low energy resources andmore » low economic growth. The series assume a $13.00 constant real price for imported oil. Besides depicting the obvious relationship between earnings in the energy-resource states and the assumed level of energy production, the REIS results show that earnings in the industrial states, particularly in the Midwest and in New England, vary the most under different projections. In contrast, earnings in the predominantly agricultural states and in the District of Columbia vary little between projections.« less

Learn to Earn: Sixth Grade.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, Vella Rose B.

The sixth grade learn-to-earn field tested unit was designed to develop career awareness and employability skills. The purpose is to help the learner understand the tasks performed in the home setting as related to the interest, aptitude, and training of the individuals performing these tasks. The lesson topics are: ways to earn money; personal…

The Earnings Gap: Research Needs and Issues.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sawhill, Isabel V.

As almost everyone knows, the earnings gap between men and women is very large. In 1972, the average woman earned only 58 percent as much as the average man when both worked full time. The author directs her discussion toward the large volume of research on the topic of the earnings gap and points to areas where further work might be done. She…

48 CFR 52.234-4 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Earned Value Management....234-4 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 34.203(c), insert the following clause: Earned Value Management System (JUL 2006) (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management system (EVMS...

48 CFR 52.234-4 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Earned Value Management....234-4 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 34.203(c), insert the following clause: Earned Value Management System (JUL 2006) (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management system (EVMS...

48 CFR 52.234-4 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Earned Value Management....234-4 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 34.203(c), insert the following clause: Earned Value Management System (JUL 2006) (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management system (EVMS...

48 CFR 52.234-4 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Earned Value Management....234-4 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 34.203(c), insert the following clause: Earned Value Management System (MAY 2014) (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management system (EVMS...

48 CFR 52.234-4 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 2 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Earned Value Management....234-4 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 34.203(c), insert the following clause: Earned Value Management System (JUL 2006) (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management system (EVMS...

12 CFR 704.19 - Wholesale corporate credit unions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

...) Earnings retention requirement. A wholesale corporate credit union must increase retained earnings if the prior month-end retained earnings ratio is less than 1 percent. (1) Its retained earnings must increase... month-end retained earnings ratio is less than 1 percent and the core capital ratio is less than 3...

20 CFR 209.13 - Employers' gross earnings reports.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... RAILROAD EMPLOYERS' REPORTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES § 209.13 Employers' gross earnings reports. (a) Each employer is required to report the gross earnings of a one-percent sample group of railroad employees. The... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Employers' gross earnings reports. 209.13...

Earnings among people with spinal cord injury.

PubMed

Ramakrishnan, K; Loh, S Y; Omar, Z

2011-09-01

Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data. To identify differences in earnings among participants with spinal cord injury (SCI) and their relation to demographic, injury, educational and employment-related factors. People living with SCI in the community who were members of a disability support organization. A total of 76 members who have had traumatic SCI for at least 2 years, between 15 and 64 years of age at time of study and were working before SCI were interviewed over the phone. The earnings were categorized as more, same or less than before SCI or no income for those unemployed. Of the 76 participants (who averaged about 15.1 years post SCI), only 13 participants (17.1%) were earning more than before injury, whereas majority were in the category of having no income, being unemployed at time of study, n=36 (47.4%). Factors positively related to earnings were having more years in education, both at time of injury and at time of survey. As anticipated, those currently in full time and paid employments were earning more while receipt of financial compensation was negatively related to earnings. Despite a lengthy period of time post SCI, only a minority were earning more, reflecting poorly on the quality of post SCI employment experience. The rehabilitation team should therefore focus on improving both educational and vocational opportunities for persons with SCI and aim for full time, paid employments. The current workers' compensation scheme renders the recipient at a static income and may need to be revised.

Earned Income Credit Utilization by Welfare Recipients: A Case Study of Minnesota's Earned Income Credit Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hirasuna, Donald P.; Stinson, Thomas F.

2007-01-01

This paper examines utilization of a state earned income credit by AFDC and TANF recipients. Although utilization percentages are increasing, we find that among TANF recipients in 1999, 45.7 percent of all households and 34.8 percent of eligible households did not receive the state earned income credit. Moreover, we find that utilization may…

Power Scaling of Petroleum Field Sizes and Movie Box Office Earnings.

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Haley, J. A.; Barton, C. C.

2017-12-01

The size-cumulative frequency distribution of petroleum fields has long been shown to be power scaling, Mandelbrot, 1963, and Barton and Scholz, 1995. The scaling exponents for petroleum field volumes range from 0.8 to 1.08 worldwide and are used to assess the size and number of undiscovered fields. The size-cumulative frequency distribution of movie box office earnings also exhibits a power scaling distribution for domestic, overseas, and worldwide gross box office earnings for the top 668 earning movies released between 1939 and 2016 (http://www.boxofficemojo.com/alltime/). Box office earnings were reported in the dollars-of-the-day and were converted to 2015 U.S. dollars using the U.S. consumer price index (CPI) for domestic and overseas earnings. Because overseas earnings are not reported by country and there is no single inflation index appropriate for all overseas countries. Adjusting the box office earnings using the CPI index has two effects on the power functions fit. The first is that the scaling exponent has a narrow range (2.3 - 2.5) between the three data sets; and second, the scatter of the data points fit by the power function is reduced. The scaling exponents for the adjusted value are; 2.3 for domestic box office earnings, 2.5 for overseas box office earnings, and 2.5 worldwide box office earnings. The smaller the scaling exponent the greater the proportion of all earnings is contributed by a smaller proportion of all the movies: where E = P (a-2)/(a-1) where E is the percentage of earnings, P is the percentage of all movies in the data set. The scaling exponents for box office earnings (2.3 - 2.5) means that approximately 20% of the top earning movies contribute 70-55% of all the earnings for domestic, worldwide earnings respectively.

Educational homogamy and gender-specific earnings: Sweden, 1990-2009.

PubMed

Dribe, Martin; Nystedt, Paul

2013-08-01

Several studies have shown strong educational homogamy in most Western societies, although the trends over time differ across countries. In this article, we study the connection between educational assortative mating and gender-specific earnings in a sample containing the entire Swedish population born 1960-1974; we follow this sample from 1990 to 2009. Our empirical strategy exploits a longitudinal design, using distributed fixed-effects models capturing the impact of partner education on postmarital earnings, relating it to the income development before union formation. We find that being partnered with someone with more education (hypergamy) is associated with higher earnings, while partnering someone with less education (hypogamy) is associated with lower earnings. However, most of these differences in earnings emerge prior to the time of marriage, implying that the effect is explained by marital selection processes rather than by partner education affecting earnings. The exception is hypogamy among the highly educated, for which there are strong indications that in comparison with homogamy and hypergamy, earnings grow slower after union formation.

Money Isn't Everything: Wives’ Earnings and Housework Time

PubMed Central

Killewald, Alexandra; Gough, Margaret

2010-01-01

The autonomy perspective of housework time predicts that wives’ housework time falls steadily as their earnings rise, because wives use additional financial resources to outsource or forego time in housework. We argue, however, that wives’ ability to reduce their housework varies by household task. That is, we expect that increases in wives’ earnings will allow them to forego or outsource some tasks, but not others. As a result, we hypothesize more rapid declines in wives’ housework time for low-earning wives as their earnings increase than for high-earning wives who have already stopped performing household tasks that are the easiest and cheapest to outsource or forego. Using fixed-effects models and data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics, we find considerable support for our hypothesis. We further conclude that past evidence that wives who out-earn their husbands spend additional time in housework to compensate for their gender-deviant success in the labor market is due to the failure to account for the non-linear relationship between wives’ absolute earnings and their housework time. PMID:21278852

26 CFR 1.809-9 - Computation of the differential earnings rate and the recomputed differential earnings rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Gain and Loss... equal to the product of— (i) The life insurance company's average equity base for the taxable year...— (i) The imputed earnings rate for the taxable year; over (ii) The average mutual earning rate for the...

12 CFR 362.18 - Financial subsidiaries of insured state nonmember banks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... new activity pursuant to section 46(a) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1831w) unless... investment, including retained earnings, in all financial subsidiaries that engage in activities as principal... Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1831w) or directly or indirectly acquire control of a company engaged in any such...

12 CFR 362.18 - Financial subsidiaries of insured state nonmember banks.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... new activity pursuant to section 46(a) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1831w) unless... investment, including retained earnings, in all financial subsidiaries that engage in activities as principal... Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1831w) or directly or indirectly acquire control of a company engaged in any such...

Earnings and Benefits of Contingent and Noncontingent Workers [and] Earnings and Benefits of Workers in Alternative Work Arrangements.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hipple, Steven; Stewart, Jay

1996-01-01

Contingent workers generally earn less income and are less likely to receive health insurance and pension benefits through their employers than are noncontingent workers. However, many earn higher wages than those in traditional arrangements and have access to health insurance from other sources. (Author)

Profiles of High-Performing STEM Majors. ACT Research Report Series 2017-2

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Westrick, Paul

2017-01-01

Building upon the research findings in an earlier ACT Research Report (Westrick, 2016), this study used data from 119,131 students at 26 four-year institutions to make comparisons between STEM majors earning semester GPAs of 3.0 or higher and their STEM peers earning semester GPAs less than 3.0. The results indicate that the higher-performing…

20 CFR 404.1080 - Net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1080 Net earnings from self-employment. (a) Definition of net earnings from self-employment... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Net earnings from self-employment. 404.1080...

20 CFR 404.1080 - Net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1080 Net earnings from self-employment. (a) Definition of net earnings from self-employment... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Net earnings from self-employment. 404.1080...

20 CFR 404.1080 - Net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1080 Net earnings from self-employment. (a) Definition of net earnings from self-employment... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Net earnings from self-employment. 404.1080...

20 CFR 404.1080 - Net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1080 Net earnings from self-employment. (a) Definition of net earnings from self-employment... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Net earnings from self-employment. 404.1080...

48 CFR 252.234-7002 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2012-10-01 2012-10-01 false Earned Value Management... of Provisions And Clauses 252.234-7002 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 234.203(2), use the following clause: Earned Value Management System (MAY 2011) (a) Definitions. As used in this...

48 CFR 252.234-7002 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2013-10-01 2013-10-01 false Earned Value Management... of Provisions And Clauses 252.234-7002 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 234.203(2), use the following clause: Earned Value Management System (MAY 2011) (a) Definitions. As used in this...

48 CFR 252.234-7002 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Earned Value Management... of Provisions And Clauses 252.234-7002 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 234.203(2), use the following clause: Earned Value Management System (MAY 2011) (a) Definitions. As used in this...

48 CFR 252.234-7002 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Earned Value Management... of Provisions And Clauses 252.234-7002 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 234.203(2), use the following clause: EARNED VALUE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (MAY 2011) (a) Definitions. As used in this...

48 CFR 252.234-7002 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 3 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false Earned Value Management... of Provisions And Clauses 252.234-7002 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 234.203(2), use the following clause: Earned Value Management System (APR 2008) (a) In the performance of this...

The earnings game. Everyone plays, nobody wins.

PubMed

Collingwood, H

2001-06-01

Quarterly earnings numbers dominate the decisions of executives, analysts, investors, and auditors. Yet for all the attention paid to these numbers, they're not much use in predicting a company's future performance and cash flows. Even economists are unanimous in their view that these numbers say next to nothing about a company's prospects beyond the next quarter. Nonetheless, meetings analysts' expectations that earnings will rise in a smooth, steady, unbroken line has become, at many corporations, a game whose imperatives override even the imperative to deliver the highest possible return to shareholders. The fetishistic attention paid to this almost meaningless indicator might be cause for amusement, except for one thing: the earnings game does real harm. It distorts corporate decision making. It reduces securities analysis and investing to a guessing contest. It compromises the integrity of corporate audits. Ultimately, it undermines the capital markets. As market participants increasingly come to view the quarterly number as a sort of collective fiction, offered and received in a spirit of mutual cynicism, they lose faith in the numbers affected by quarterly earnings--including stock prices themselves. And no market can survive long if its participants see no connection between prices and the intrinsic value of the goods on offer. In this article, HBR senior editor Harris Collingwood takes an in-depth look at these effects, examining the intricacies of the earnings game and why companies believe they have no choice but to play it. Until more corporate executives change their practices, he explains, the earning game will never lack for players.

48 CFR 1852.234-2 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2011-10-01 2011-10-01 false Earned Value Management... and Clauses 1852.234-2 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 1834.203-70(b) insert the following clause: Earned Value Management System (NOV 2006) (a) In the performance of this contract, the...

48 CFR 1852.234-2 - Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 48 Federal Acquisition Regulations System 6 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 true Earned Value Management... and Clauses 1852.234-2 Earned Value Management System. As prescribed in 1834.203-70(b) insert the following clause: Earned Value Management System (NOV 2006) (a) In the performance of this contract, the...

Thoughts on Earned Value Assessments

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Pido, Kelle

2009-01-01

This slide presentation reviews the concepts of Earned Value reporting and Earned Value Metrics (EVM) and the implementation for the Constellation Program. EVM is used to manage both the contract and civil service workforce, and used as a measure of contractor costs and performance. The Program EVM is not as useful for Level of Effort tasking, for either contractor, or civil service employees. Some issues and concerns in reference to EVM and the process for the use of EVM for Mission assurance are reviewed,

Educational Pairings, Motherhood, and Women's Relative Earnings in Europe.

PubMed

Van Bavel, Jan; Klesment, Martin

2017-12-01

As a consequence of the reversal of the gender gap in education, the female partner in a couple now typically has as much as or more education compared with the male partner in most Western countries. This study addresses the implications for the earnings of women relative to their male partners in 16 European countries. Using the 2007 and 2011 rounds of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (N = 58,292), we investigate the extent to which international differences in women's relative earnings can be explained by educational pairings and their interaction with the motherhood penalty on women's earnings, by international differences in male unemployment, or by cultural gender norms. We find that the newly emerged pattern of hypogamy is associated with higher relative earnings for women in all countries and that the motherhood penalty on relative earnings is considerably lower in hypogamous couples, but neither of these findings can explain away international country differences. Similarly, male unemployment is associated with higher relative earnings for women but cannot explain away the country differences. Against expectations, we find that the hypogamy bonus on women's relative earnings, if anything, tends to be stronger rather than weaker in countries that exhibit more conservative gender norms.

Lifetime earnings for physicians across specialties.

PubMed

Leigh, J Paul; Tancredi, Daniel; Jerant, Anthony; Romano, Patrick S; Kravitz, Richard L

2012-12-01

Earlier studies estimated annual income differences across specialties, but lifetime income may be more relevant given physicians' long-term commitments to specialties. Annual income and work hours data were collected from 6381 physicians in the nationally representative 2004-2005 Community Tracking Study. Data regarding years of residency were collected from AMA FREIDA. Present value models were constructed assuming 3% discount rates. Estimates were adjusted for demographic and market covariates. Sensitivity analyses included 4 alternative models involving work hours, retirement, exogenous variables, and 1% discount rate. Estimates were generated for 4 broad specialty categories (Primary Care, Surgery, Internal Medicine and Pediatric Subspecialties, and Other), and for 41 specific specialties. The estimates of lifetime earnings for the broad categories of Surgery, Internal Medicine and Pediatric Subspecialties, and Other specialties were $1,587,722, $1,099,655, and $761,402 more than for Primary Care. For the 41 specific specialties, the top 3 (with family medicine as reference) were neurological surgery ($2,880,601), medical oncology ($2,772,665), and radiation oncology ($2,659,657). The estimates from models with varying rates of retirement and including only exogenous variables were similar to those in the preferred model. The 1% discount model generated estimates that were roughly 150% larger than the 3% model. There was considerable variation in the lifetime earnings across physician specialties. After accounting for varying residency years and discounting future earnings, primary care specialties earned roughly $1-3 million less than other specialties. Earnings' differences across specialties may undermine health reform efforts to control costs and ensure adequate numbers of primary care physicians.

Trends in the earnings gender gap among dentists, physicians, and lawyers.

PubMed

Nguyen Le, Thanh An; Lo Sasso, Anthony T; Vujicic, Marko

2017-04-01

The authors examined the factors associated with sex differences in earnings for 3 professional occupations. The authors used a multivariate Blinder-Oaxaca method to decompose the differences in mean earnings across sex. Although mean differences in earnings between men and women narrowed over time, there remained large, unaccountable earnings differences between men and women among all professions after multivariate adjustments. For dentists, the unexplained difference in earnings for women was approximately constant at 62% to 66%. For physicians, the unexplained difference in earnings for women ranged from 52% to 57%. For lawyers, the unexplained difference in earnings for women was the smallest of the 3 professions but also exhibited the most growth, increasing from 34% in 1990 to 45% in 2010. The reduction in the earnings gap is driven largely by a general convergence between men and women in some, but not all, observable characteristics over time. Nevertheless, large unexplained gender gaps in earnings remain for all 3 professions. Policy makers must use care in efforts to alleviate earnings differences for men and women because measures could make matters worse without a clear understanding of the nature of the factors driving the differences. Copyright © 2017 American Dental Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The practice and earnings of preventive medicine physicians.

PubMed

Salive, M E

1992-01-01

A shortage of preventive medicine (PM) physicians exists in the United States. Researchers know little about these physicians' earnings and practice characteristics. The American College of Preventive Medicine (ACPM) mailed a survey to all self-identified PM physicians on the American Medical Association (AMA) Physician Masterfile. A total of 3,771 (54%) responded; respondents' sex and region of residence were typical for PM physicians in general, with a slight excess of older physicians and those reporting board certification. A total of 2,664 (71%) were working full time, with median earnings of $85,000 (mean $90,000). Among full-time physicians, relatively higher earnings were associated with the following characteristics: male sex; age 45 to 64 years; major source of income from clinical, business, or industrial sources, rather than governmental or academic; and PM board certification. Full-time PM physicians earned much less than office-based private practitioners in several primary care specialties in 1989. The gap in earnings between PM specialists in government positions and those in the private sector is also substantial. Both disparities may require creative solutions.

20 CFR 702.285 - Report of earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... earnings from employment or self-employment. This report may not be required any more frequently than semi... employment and self-employment and the periods for which the earnings apply. The employee must return the..., salaries, tips, sales commissions, fees for services provided, piecework and all revenue received from self...

The Determination of Earnings Among College Graduates.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Spaeth, Joe L.

Differences in levels and determinants of earnings for men and women college graduates are examined. Perspectives from human capital theory, research on the socioeconomic achievement process, and research on segmented labor markets are used to design models of the determination of earnings. Data are taken from the National Opinion Research Center…

25 CFR 700.173 - Average net earnings of business or farm.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Average net earnings of business or farm. 700.173 Section... PROCEDURES Moving and Related Expenses, Temporary Emergency Moves § 700.173 Average net earnings of business or farm. (a) Computing net earnings. For purposes of this subpart, the average annual net earnings of...

25 CFR 700.173 - Average net earnings of business or farm.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Average net earnings of business or farm. 700.173 Section... PROCEDURES Moving and Related Expenses, Temporary Emergency Moves § 700.173 Average net earnings of business or farm. (a) Computing net earnings. For purposes of this subpart, the average annual net earnings of...

Estimating earnings losses due to mental illness: a quantile regression approach.

PubMed

Marcotte, Dave E; Wilcox-Gök, Virginia

2003-09-01

The ability of workers to remain productive and sustain earnings when afflicted with mental illness depends importantly on access to appropriate treatment and on flexibility and support from employers. In the United States there is substantial variation in access to health care and sick leave and other employment flexibilities across the earnings distribution. Consequently, a worker's ability to work and how much his/her earnings are impeded likely depend upon his/her position in the earnings distribution. Because of this, focusing on average earnings losses may provide insufficient information on the impact of mental illness in the labor market. In this paper, we examine the effects of mental illness on earnings by recognizing that effects could vary across the distribution of earnings. Using data from the National Comorbidity Survey, we employ a quantile regression estimator to identify the effects at key points in the earnings distribution. We find that earnings effects vary importantly across the distribution. While average effects are often not large, mental illness more commonly imposes earnings losses at the lower tail of the distribution, especially for women. In only one case do we find an illness to have negative effects across the distribution. Mental illness can have larger negative impacts on economic outcomes than previously estimated, even if those effects are not uniform. Consequently, researchers and policy makers alike should not be placated by findings that mean earnings effects are relatively small. Such estimates miss important features of how and where mental illness is associated with real economic losses for the ill.

Insult to Injury: Disability, Earnings, and Divorce

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Singleton, Perry

2012-01-01

This study measures the longitudinal effect of disability on earnings, marriage, and divorce. The data come from the Survey of Income and Program Participation matched to administrative data on longitudinal earnings. Using event-study methods, the results show that the onset of a work-preventing disability is associated with a precipitous decline…

40 CFR 35.925-17 - Retained amounts for reconstruction and expansion.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-07-01

... OTHER FEDERAL ASSISTANCE STATE AND LOCAL ASSISTANCE Grants for Construction of Treatment Works-Clean Water Act § 35.925-17 Retained amounts for reconstruction and expansion. That the allowable project...

The College Payoff: Education, Occupations, Lifetime Earnings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carnevale, Anthony P.; Rose, Stephen J.; Cheah, Ban

2011-01-01

A college degree pays off--but by just how much? In this report from the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, the authors examine just what a college degree is worth--and what else besides a degree might influence an individual's potential earnings. This report examines lifetime earnings for all education levels and…

The Earnings Gap between Women and Men.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Women's Bureau (DOL), Washington, DC.

The size of the earnings gap between men and women has not changed substantially in recent years. The sustained earnings differential contrasts significantly with recent gains women have made in the job market. Several factors contribute to the wage differences: (1) The majority of women are in lower-paying occupations and lower-status jobs even…

Marketization, occupational segregation, and gender earnings inequality in urban China.

PubMed

He, Guangye; Wu, Xiaogang

2017-07-01

This article analyzes a large sample of the 2005 population mini-census data and prefecture-level statistics of China to investigate gender earnings inequality in the context of economic marketization, paying special attention to the changing role of occupational segregation in the process. We approximate marketization by employment sectors and also construct an index of marketization at the prefecture level. Results show that, despite the tremendous economic growth, marketization has exacerbated gender earnings inequality in urban China's labor markets. Gender earnings inequality is the smallest in government/public institutions, followed by public enterprises, and then private enterprises. The gender inequality also increases with the prefecture's level of marketization. Multilevel analyses show that occupational segregation plays an important role in affecting gender earnings inequality: the greater the occupational segregation, the more disadvantaged women are relative to men in earnings in a prefecture's labor market. Moreover, the impact of occupational segregation on gender earnings inequality increases with the prefectural level of marketization. These findings contribute to understanding the dynamics of gender earnings inequality and have important implications for policy to promote gender equality in urban China. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

An examination of the earthquake behaviour of a retaining wall considering soil-structure interaction

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Köktan, Utku; Demir, Gökhan; Kerem Ertek, M.

2017-04-01

The earthquake behavior of retaining walls is commonly calculated with pseudo static approaches based on Mononobe-Okabe method. The seismic ground pressure acting on the retaining wall by the Mononobe-Okabe method does not give a definite idea of the distribution of the seismic ground pressure because it is obtained by balancing the forces acting on the active wedge behind the wall. With this method, wave propagation effects and soil-structure interaction are neglected. The purpose of this study is to examine the earthquake behavior of a retaining wall taking into account the soil-structure interaction. For this purpose, time history seismic analysis of the soil-structure interaction system using finite element method has been carried out considering 3 different soil conditions. Seismic analysis of the soil-structure model was performed according to the earthquake record of "1971, San Fernando Pacoima Dam, 196 degree" existing in the library of MIDAS GTS NX software. The results obtained from the analyses show that the soil-structure interaction is very important for the seismic design of a retaining wall. Keywords: Soil-structure interaction, Finite element model, Retaining wall

The Determinants of Private and Government Sector Earnings in Russia

DTIC Science & Technology

2000-11-01

private sector earnings in Russia compare to those in the still strong government sector. This paper estimates sectoral earnings equations for rural and urban men and women which control for: (1) Self-selection into the workforce; and (2) Self-selection into either the private or government sector, while allowing for simultaneity in the selection decisions. The selection controls are found to have a considerable effect on the estimated sectoral earnings differentials for all four sample groups. Earnings differentials are examined by age, education, and unobserved skill.

Handedness, Earnings, Ability and Personality. Evidence from the Lab

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Evidence showing that on average left-handed (L), who are 10% in a population, tend to earn less than others is solely based on survey data. This paper is the first to test the relationship between handedness and earnings experimentally and also to assess whether the mechanism underlying it is predominantly cognitive or psychological. Data on 432 undergraduate students show that L do not obtain significantly different payoffs, a proxy for earnings, in a stylised labour market with multiple principals and agents. Similarly, scores in the Cognitive Reflection Test are not significantly different. Data on personality, measured using the Big Five test, show, instead, that L are significantly more agreeable and L females more extroverted. In addition, earnings significantly vary with personality only for L, increasing with extraversion and decreasing with neuroticism. Overall, our results fail to reject the null hypothesis that earnings do not differ by handedness and suggest differences in personality as a novel mechanism to rationalise L’s behaviour. PMID:27788156

20 CFR 404.1574a - When and how we will average your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... has been no change in the substantial gainful activity earnings levels, we will average your earnings... time during which the substantial gainful activity earnings levels change, we will average your earnings separately for each period in which a different substantial gainful activity earnings level...

20 CFR 404.1574a - When and how we will average your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... has been no change in the substantial gainful activity earnings levels, we will average your earnings... time during which the substantial gainful activity earnings levels change, we will average your earnings separately for each period in which a different substantial gainful activity earnings level...

Can Motherhood Earnings Losses Be Ever Regained? Evidence from Canada

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zhang, Xuelin

2010-01-01

This study examines earnings losses associated with motherhood using longitudinal administrative Canadian data. Contrary to the endogenous motherhood hypothesis, the author found no dips in earnings for women during their prechildbirth years. Although the results show that earnings losses incurred by mothers in the year of childbirth and the year…

26 CFR 1.996-3 - Divisions of earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... earnings and profits (see section 312(e)) over (b) the amount of the reduction under § 1.996-4(b)(1) in...) ($60.00) (2) Earnings and profits for year before reduction for distributions $80.00 (3) Deemed... $30 (2) Earnings and profits for year before reduction for distributions $80 (3) Deemed distribution...

Predicting Long-Term College Success through Degree Completion Using ACT[R] Composite Score, ACT Benchmarks, and High School Grade Point Average. ACT Research Report Series, 2012 (5)

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Radunzel, Justine; Noble, Julie

2012-01-01

This study compared the effectiveness of ACT[R] Composite score and high school grade point average (HSGPA) for predicting long-term college success. Outcomes included annual progress towards a degree (based on cumulative credit-bearing hours earned), degree completion, and cumulative grade point average (GPA) at 150% of normal time to degree…

Risk-sensitive choice in humans as a function of an earnings budget.

PubMed Central

Pietras, C J; Hackenberc, T D

2001-01-01

Risky choice in 3 adult humans was investigated across procedural manipulations designed to model energy-budget manipulations conducted with nonhumans. Subjects were presented with repeated choices between a fixed and a variable number of points. An energy budget was simulated by use of an earnings budget, defined as the number of points needed within a block of trials for points to be exchanged for money. During positive earnings-budget conditions, exclusive preference for the fixed option met the earnings requirement. During negative earnings-budget conditions, exclusive preference for the certain option did not meet the earnings requirement, but choice for the variable option met the requirement probabilistically. Choice was generally risk averse (the fixed option was preferred) when the earnings budget was positive and risk prone (the variable option was preferred) when the earnings budget was negative. Furthermore, choice was most risk prone during negative earnings-budget conditions in which the earnings requirement was most stringent. Local choice patterns were also frequently consistent with the predictions of a dynamic optimization model, indicating that choice was simultaneously sensitive to short-term choice contingencies, current point earnings, and the earnings requirement. Overall, these results show that the patterns of risky choice generated by energy-budget variables can also be produced by choice contingencies that do not involve immediate survival, and that risky choice in humans may be similar to that shown in nonhumans when choice is studied under analogous experimental conditions. PMID:11516113

5 CFR 630.202 - Full biweekly pay period; leave earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

.... (b) Part-time employees. Hours in a pay status in excess of an agency's basic working hours in a pay period are disregarded in computing the leave earnings of a part-time employee. [33 FR 12475, Sept. 4... biweekly pay period; leave earnings. (a) Full-time employees. A full-time employee earns leave during each...

Earnings Differences between Women and Men. Facts on Working Women.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Women's Bureau (DOL), Washington, DC.

Although the gap between women's and men's wages differs slightly depending on how the gap is measured, no matter how they are measured, women's earnings are below those received by men in 97% of the occupations for which data are available. Since 1979, women's earnings have been climbing when compared with men's earnings, gaining steeply during…

Earned-secure attachment status in retrospect and prospect.

PubMed

Roisman, Glenn L; Padrón, Elena; Sroufe, L Alan; Egeland, Byron

2002-01-01

Past research with the Berkeley Adult Attachment Interview demonstrates that retrospectively defined earned-secures (who coherently describe negative childhood experiences) parent as effectively as do continuous-secures (who coherently describe positive childhood experiences), but manifest liabilities in the form of depressive symptomatology. This article presents data from a 23-year longitudinal study that replicate and extend prior research, testing a key premise that earned-secures so defined actually have a history of insecure attachments that change over time and/or endure consistently harsh or ineffective parenting in their youth. Discrepant with assumptions, retrospective earned-secures were not more likely than continuous-secures to have been anxiously attached in infancy and were observed in childhood and adolescence to have encountered among the most supportive and structured maternal parenting in a high-risk sample. Prospectively defined earned-secures (operationalized using participants' infant attachment classifications) did indeed go on to have success in their close relationships, many without reporting relatively high levels of internalizing distress in adulthood.

The Flexible Fairness: Equality, Earned Entitlement, and Self-Interest

PubMed Central

Gu, Ruolei; Broster, Lucas S.; Shen, Xueyi; Tian, Tengxiang; Luo, Yue-Jia; Krueger, Frank

2013-01-01

The current study explored whether earned entitlement modulated the perception of fairness in three experiments. A preliminary resource earning task was added before players decided how to allocate the resource they jointly earned. Participants’ decision in allocation, their responses to equal or unequal offers, whether advantageous or disadvantageous, and subjective ratings of fairness were all assessed in the current study. Behavioral results revealed that participants proposed more generous offers and showed enhanced tolerance to disadvantageous unequal offers from others when they performed worse than their presumed “partners,” while the reverse was true in the better-performance condition. The subjective ratings also indicated the effect of earned entitlement, such that worse performance was associated with higher perceived feelings of fairness for disadvantageous unequal offers, while better performance was associated with higher feelings of fairness for advantageous unequal offers. Equal offers were considered “fair” only when earned entitlement was even between two parties. In sum, the perception of fairness is modulated by an integration of egalitarian motivation and entitlement. In addition to justice principles, participants were also motivated by self-interest, such that participants placed more weight on entitlement in the better-performance condition than in the worse-performance condition. These results imply that earned entitlement is evaluated in a self-serving way. PMID:24039867

12 CFR 1805.504 - Retained earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... applicable Notice of Funds Availability; (C) The Applicant's Comprehensive Business Plan shall discuss its strategy for achieving the increases described in (c)(1)(iii)(A) of this section and the activities associated therewith; (D) The level from which the achievement of said increases will be measured will be as...

Earned-Secure Attachment Status in Retrospect and Prospect.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Roisman, Glenn I.; Padron, Elena; Sroufe, L. Alan; Egeland, Byron

2002-01-01

This 23-year longitudinal study examined the attachment history of earned-secure young adults who coherently describe negative childhood experiences. Findings indicated that retrospective earned-secures were not more likely than continuous-secures to have been anxiously attached in infancy, and were observed in childhood and adolescence to have…

20 CFR 416.1110 - What is earned income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

....1110 Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY INCOME FOR THE AGED... else's employee. Wages are the same for SSI purposes as for the earnings test in the social security... under the SSI program are the same net earnings that we would count under the social security retirement...

5 CFR 550.105 - Biweekly maximum earnings limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Biweekly maximum earnings limitation. 550... PAY ADMINISTRATION (GENERAL) Premium Pay Maximum Earnings Limitations § 550.105 Biweekly maximum... basic pay and premium pay for any biweekly pay period to exceed the greater of— (1) The maximum biweekly...

5 CFR 550.106 - Annual maximum earnings limitation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Annual maximum earnings limitation. 550... PAY ADMINISTRATION (GENERAL) Premium Pay Maximum Earnings Limitations § 550.106 Annual maximum... and premium pay for the calendar year to exceed the greater of— (1) The maximum annual rate of basic...

18 CFR 367.4330 - Account 433, Balance transferred from income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Account 433, Balance transferred from income. 367.4330 Section 367.4330 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... GAS ACT Retained Earnings Accounts § 367.4330 Account 433, Balance transferred from income. This...

18 CFR 367.4330 - Account 433, Balance transferred from income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 18 Conservation of Power and Water Resources 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Account 433, Balance transferred from income. 367.4330 Section 367.4330 Conservation of Power and Water Resources FEDERAL ENERGY... GAS ACT Retained Earnings Accounts § 367.4330 Account 433, Balance transferred from income. This...

A Structural Decomposition of Black-White Earnings Differentials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kaufman, Robert L.

1983-01-01

Two factors which create differences in Black-White earnings are: (1) differentials between Blacks and Whites within divisions of the labor market; and (2) differences between industries and occupations in earnings, combined with the differential distribution of Blacks and Whites across labor market divisions. The labor market structure is crucial…

The impact of mothers' earnings on health inputs and infant health.

PubMed

Mocan, Naci; Raschke, Christian; Unel, Bulent

2015-12-01

This paper investigates the impact of mothers' earnings on birth weight and gestational age of infants in the U.S. It also analyzes the impact of earnings on mothers' consumption of prenatal medical care, and their propensity to smoke and drink during pregnancy. The paper uses census division-year-specific skill-biased technology shocks as an instrument for mothers' earnings and employs a two-sample instrumental variables strategy. About 14 million records of births between 1989 and 2004 are used from the Natality Detail files along with the CPS Annual Demographic Files from the same period. The results reveal that an increase in weekly earnings prompts an increase in prenatal care of low-skill mothers (those who have at most a high school degree) who are not likely to be on Medicaid, and that earnings have a small positive impact on birth weight and gestational age of the newborns of these mothers. Specifically, if a mother's earnings double, this produces a weight gain of the newborn by about 100g and an increase in gestational age by 0.7 weeks. An increase in earnings does not influence the health of newborns of high-skill mothers (those with at least some college education). Variations in earnings have no impact on birth weight for mothers who are likely to be on Medicaid. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The influence of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems' performance on earnings management

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsai, Wen-Hsien; Lee, Kuen-Chang; Liu, Jau-Yang; Lin, Sin-Jin; Chou, Yu-Wei

2012-11-01

We analyse whether there is a linkage between performance measures of enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems and earnings management. We find that earnings management decreases with the higher performance of ERP systems. The empirical result is as expected. We further analyse how the dimension of the DeLone and McLean model of information systems success affects earnings management. We find that the relationship between the performance of ERP systems and earnings management depends on System Quality after ERP implementation. The more System Quality improves, the more earnings management is reduced.

The Male-Female Wage Gap: Lifetime Earnings Losses. Briefing Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hartmann, Heidi; Whittaker, Julie

Currently, the median full-time woman worker earns 74.4 percent of the annual earnings of the median man. Over their lifetime, young women stand to lose a great deal of money due to differences in the wages for women and men. Estimates are that the average 25-year-old woman who works full time year round for 40 years will earn $523,000 less than…

5 CFR 630.303 - Part-time employees; earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 1 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Part-time employees; earnings. 630.303... AND LEAVE Annual Leave § 630.303 Part-time employees; earnings. A part-time employee for whom there... workweek, and a part-time employee on a flexible work schedule for whom there has been established only a...

Post-Service Earnings of Veterans: A Survey and Further Research

DTIC Science & Technology

1991-03-01

its impact on a veteran’s earnings potential in the civilian sector becomes extremely important. A potential enlistee’s decision to join the military...to investments in human capital and their subsequent influence on the earnings ability of veterans entering the civilian sector . Although human...non-veterans in the early years of their civilian worklife (Bryant and Wilhite, 1990; Daymont and Andrisani, 1986) but have higher earnings growth

Profiles of higher earning wives in Hong Kong and the implications for marital satisfaction.

PubMed

Zhang, Huiping; Law, Frances Yik Wa; Hu, Debao; Fan, Susan; Yip, Paul Siu Fai

2015-01-01

Higher earning wives are emerging as a global phenomenon; however, the profiles of higher earning wives and the implications for marital satisfaction remain unknown in Hong Kong. On the basis of a representative household survey of 689 Hong Kong Chinese couples in 2012, this study aimed to explore the profiles of higher earning wives in Hong Kong and examine the effect of wives' income advantage on the couples' marital satisfaction. Results indicated that higher earning wives were clustered into 2 groups. One group of higher earning wives was older, was better educated, held managerial and professional jobs, and lived in high-income families compared with lower earning wives. The other group of higher earning wives was not well educated, held nonprofessional jobs, and lived in low-income families. Higher earning wives reported similar marital satisfaction with lower earning wives as well as their husbands. However, higher earning wives with nonprofessional jobs and from low-income families reported lower life and marital satisfaction than did those with better socioeconomic status. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Field of Study in College and Lifetime Earnings in the United States

PubMed Central

Kim, ChangHwan; Tamborini, Christopher R.; Sakamoto, Arthur

2016-01-01

Our understanding about the relationship between education and lifetime earnings often neglects differences by field of study. Utilizing data that matches respondents in the Survey of Income and Program Participation to their longitudinal earnings records based on administrative tax information, we investigate the trajectories of annual earnings following the same individuals over 20 years and then estimate the long-term effects of field of study on earnings for U.S. men and women. Our results provide new evidence revealing large lifetime earnings gaps across field of study. We show important differences in individuals’ earnings trajectories across the different stages of the work-life by field of study. In addition, the gaps in 40-year (i.e., ages 20 to 59) median lifetime earnings among college graduates by field of study are larger, in many instances, than the median gap between high school graduates and college graduates overall. Significant variation is also found among graduate degree holders. Our results uncover important similarities and differences between men and women with regard to the long-term earnings differentials associated with field of study. In general, these findings underscore field of study as a critical dimension of horizontal stratification in educational attainment. Other implications of the empirical findings are also discussed. PMID:28042177

Personality, Education and Earnings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Silles, Mary A.

2010-01-01

Economists are only beginning to understand the relationship between personality traits and economic outcomes. This paper examines the influence of childhood social maladjustment on cognitive development, labor market earnings and career progression using longitudinal data drawn from the National Child Development Study. Net of differences in…

20 CFR 418.3325 - What earned income do we not count?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... percentage of your total earned income per month. The amount we exclude will be equal to the average... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What earned income do we not count? 418.3325... Subsidies Income § 418.3325 What earned income do we not count? (a) While we must know the source and amount...

20 CFR 418.3325 - What earned income do we not count?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... percentage of your total earned income per month. The amount we exclude will be equal to the average... 20 Employees' Benefits 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false What earned income do we not count? 418.3325... Subsidies Income § 418.3325 What earned income do we not count? (a) While we must know the source and amount...

Danwei Profitability and Earnings Inequality in Urban China*

PubMed Central

Xie, Yu; Wu, Xiaogang

2009-01-01

Prior research has debated the relative importance of such factors as human capital, political capital and region in determining workers’ earnings in reform-era urban China. This article argues that a main agent of social stratification in contemporary China continues to be the danwei, the work unit. Using data from a 1999 survey we conducted in three large Chinese cities, Wuhan, Shanghai and Xi’an, we assess the extent to which workers’ earnings (including regular wages, bonuses and subsidies) depend on the profitability of their danwei. Results show that the financial situation of the danwei is one of the most important determinants of earnings in today’s urban China. Furthermore, the importance of danwei profitability does not vary by city or by employment sector. PMID:20445771

Custodial Parole Sanctions and Earnings after Release from Prison

PubMed Central

Harding, David J.; Siegel, Jonah A.; Morenoff, Jeffrey D.

2018-01-01

Although the labor market consequences of incarceration in prison have been central to the literature on mass incarceration, punishment, and inequality, other components of the growing criminal justice system have received less attention from sociologists. In particular, the rise of mass incarceration was accompanied by an even larger increase in community supervision. In this paper, we examine the labor market effects of one frequently experienced aspect of post-prison parole, short-term custody for parole violations. Although such sanctions are viewed as an alternative to returning parole violators to prison, they have the potential to affect labor market outcomes in ways similar to imprisonment, including both adverse and positive effects on earnings. We estimate that parolees lost approximately 37 percent of their earnings in quarters during which they were in short-term custody. Although their earnings tended to increase in the quarter immediately following short-term custody—consistent with the stated intentions of such sanctions—parolees experienced further earnings loss over the longer term after such sanctions. In the third quarter following a short-term custody sanction, earnings are lowered by about 13 percent. These associations are larger for those who were employed in the formal labor market before their initial incarceration. PMID:29706673

Earnings Inequality in the Nonmetropolitan United States: 1967-1990.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tolbert, Charles M.; Lyson, Thomas A.

1992-01-01

Analysis of census data indicates that earnings inequality among full-time workers increased in the 1980s. Compared to metropolitan areas, nonmetro economic inequality was greater and was explained better by both neoclassical and restructuring frameworks. Gender and college education accounted for far more earnings inequality than other sources…

Gender Earnings Gap among Young European Higher Education Graduates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Garcia-Aracil, Adela

2007-01-01

This paper examines the composition of the gender earnings gap among young European higher education graduates, with a particular focus on competencies controlling for individual background and job characteristics. The results show that much of the female worker's earnings advantage can be explained by job characteristics. With respect to the…

Boverhof's App Earns Honorable Mention in Amazon's Web Services

Science.gov Websites

» Boverhof's App Earns Honorable Mention in Amazon's Web Services Competition News & Publications News Publications Facebook Google+ Twitter Boverhof's App Earns Honorable Mention in Amazon's Web Services by Amazon Web Services (AWS). Amazon officially announced the winners of its EC2 Spotathon on Monday

48 CFR 1052.234-72 - Core Earned Value Management System AUG 2011

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Management System AUG 2011 1052.234-72 Section 1052.234-72 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT... and Clauses 1052.234-72 Core Earned Value Management System AUG 2011 As prescribed in DTAR 1034.203... an earned value management system (EVMS). (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management...

48 CFR 1052.234-72 - Core Earned Value Management System AUG 2011

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Management System AUG 2011 1052.234-72 Section 1052.234-72 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT... and Clauses 1052.234-72 Core Earned Value Management System AUG 2011 As prescribed in DTAR 1034.203... an earned value management system (EVMS). (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management...

48 CFR 1052.234-72 - Core Earned Value Management System AUG 2011

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Management System AUG 2011 1052.234-72 Section 1052.234-72 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEPARTMENT... and Clauses 1052.234-72 Core Earned Value Management System AUG 2011 As prescribed in DTAR 1034.203... an earned value management system (EVMS). (a) The Contractor shall use an earned value management...

Lifetime earnings patterns, the distribution of future Social Security benefits, and the impact of pension reform.

PubMed

Bosworth, B; Burtless, G; Steuerle, E

2000-01-01

In order to assess the effect of Social Security reform on current and future workers, it is essential to accurately characterize the initial situations of representative workers affected by reform. For the purpose of analyzing typical reforms, the most important characteristic of a worker is the level and pattern of his or her preretirement earnings. Under the current system, pensions are determined largely by the level of the workers' earnings averaged over their work life. However, several reform proposals would create individual retirement accounts for which the pension would depend on the investment accumulation within the account. Thus, the pension would also depend on the timing of the contributions into the account and hence on the exact shape of the worker's lifetime earnings profile. Most analysis of the distributional impact of reform has focused, however, on calculating benefit changes among a handful of hypothetical workers whose relative earnings are constant over their work life. The earnings levels are not necessarily chosen to represent the situations of workers who have typical or truly representative earnings patterns. Consequently, the results of such analysis can be misleading, especially if reform involves introducing a fundamentally new kind of pension formula. This article presents two broad approaches to creating representative earnings profiles for policy evaluation. First, we use standard econometric methods to predict future earnings for a representative sample of workers drawn from the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP). Our statistical estimates are based on a simple representation of typical career earnings paths and a fixed-effect statistical specification. Because our estimation file contains information on each worker's annual earnings from 1951 through 1996 as reported in the Social Security Administration's earnings files, we have a record (though an incomplete one) of the actual earnings that will be used to

The impact of cancer on spouses' labor earnings: a population-based study.

PubMed

Syse, Astri; Tretli, Steinar; Kravdal, Oystein

2009-09-15

Cancer affects patients' incomes, but to the authors' knowledge few studies to date have examined how the income of the patients' spouses may be influenced. In this population-based study from Norway, the effects of cancer on both partners' earnings are analyzed. The difference between labor earnings the year before the cancer diagnosis and that 2, 5, or 8 years later was compared with the difference in earnings over a corresponding period for similar persons without cancer, applying linear regression models to national registry data. Approximately 1.1 million married persons ages 35 to 59 years were included, among them 17,250 persons diagnosed with cancer during 1991 through 1999. Two and 5 years after a cancer diagnosis, married men experienced lower earnings than they would have absent the illness. Cancer in wives, however, did not affect men's earnings. Women's earnings were adversely influenced to the same extent by their own as by their spouses' cancer. Brain, lung, and colorectal cancer in male spouses produced the most adverse effects on women's earnings. All effects were most pronounced for women no longer married. Women's earnings are lower after both their own and their spouses' cancer illness, and divorced and widowed women experience the most pronounced reduction after spousal cancer. Men's earnings are lower only if they are diagnosed themselves. This may reflect traditional sex roles, with men as main breadwinners and women as caregivers. For family households, cancer in men may result in greater financial difficulties than cancer among women, although the effect will depend on breadwinner roles before diagnosis. Copyright (c) 2009 American Cancer Society.

26 CFR 1.312-15 - Effect of depreciation on earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Effect of depreciation on earnings and profits... earnings and profits. (a) Depreciation for taxable years beginning after June 30, 1972—(1) In general... of computing the earnings and profits of a corporation (including a real estate investment trust as...

26 CFR 1.312-15 - Effect of depreciation on earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Effect of depreciation on earnings and profits... earnings and profits. (a) Depreciation for taxable years beginning after June 30, 1972—(1) In general... of computing the earnings and profits of a corporation (including a real estate investment trust as...

24 CFR 904.110 - Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA... Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA) (a) Credits to the account. The LHA shall establish and maintain a separate EHPA for each homebuyer. Since the homebuyer is responsible for maintaining the home, a portion of...

24 CFR 904.110 - Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA... Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA) (a) Credits to the account. The LHA shall establish and maintain a separate EHPA for each homebuyer. Since the homebuyer is responsible for maintaining the home, a portion of...

24 CFR 904.110 - Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA... Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA) (a) Credits to the account. The LHA shall establish and maintain a separate EHPA for each homebuyer. Since the homebuyer is responsible for maintaining the home, a portion of...

24 CFR 904.110 - Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA... Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA) (a) Credits to the account. The LHA shall establish and maintain a separate EHPA for each homebuyer. Since the homebuyer is responsible for maintaining the home, a portion of...

24 CFR 904.110 - Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA)

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 24 Housing and Urban Development 4 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA... Earned Home Payments Account (EHPA) (a) Credits to the account. The LHA shall establish and maintain a separate EHPA for each homebuyer. Since the homebuyer is responsible for maintaining the home, a portion of...

A Hierarchical Linear Model for Estimating Gender-Based Earnings Differentials.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haberfield, Yitchak; Semyonov, Moshe; Addi, Audrey

1998-01-01

Estimates of gender earnings inequality in data from 116,431 Jewish workers were compared using a hierarchical linear model (HLM) and ordinary least squares model. The HLM allows estimation of the extent to which earnings inequality depends on occupational characteristics. (SK)

26 CFR 1.312-1 - Adjustment to earnings and profits reflecting distributions by corporations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... earnings and profits. The reduction in earnings and profits by reason of such distribution is $5,000. Such...,000. The reduction in earnings and profits is $15,000. Such is the reduction even though only the... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Adjustment to earnings and profits reflecting...

25 CFR 115.713 - When does money in a trust account start earning interest?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false When does money in a trust account start earning interest... and Interests § 115.713 When does money in a trust account start earning interest? Funds must remain on deposit at least one business day before interest is earned. Interest earnings of less than one...

RETAIN Act

THOMAS, 112th Congress

Rep. Baca, Joe [D-CA-43

2012-05-08

House - 09/26/2012 Referred to the Subcommittee on Early Childhood, Elementary, and Secondary Education. (All Actions) Tracker: This bill has the status IntroducedHere are the steps for Status of Legislation:

Earning, Spending, and Drug Use in a Therapeutic Workplace

PubMed Central

Subramaniam, Shrinidhi; DeFulio, Anthony; Jarvis, Brantley P.; Holtyn, August F.; Silverman, Kenneth

2017-01-01

Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing health problem that is associated with the degree to which individuals choose small, immediate monetary outcomes over larger, delayed outcomes. This study was a secondary analysis exploring the relation between financial choices and drug use in opioid-dependent adults in a therapeutic workplace intervention. Sixty-seven participants were randomly assigned to a condition in which access to paid job training was contingent upon naltrexone adherence (N = 35) or independent of naltrexone adherence (N = 32). Participants could earn approximately $10 per hour for 4 hours every weekday and could exchange earnings for gift cards or bill payments each weekday. Urine was collected and tested for opiates and cocaine thrice weekly. Participants’ earning, spending, and drug use were not related to measures of delay discounting obtained prior to the intervention. When financial choices were categorized based on drug use during the intervention, however, those with less frequent drug use or frequent use of one drug spent a smaller proportion of their daily earnings and maintained a higher daily balance than those who frequently tested positive for both drugs (i.e., opiates and cocaine). Several patterns described the relation between cumulative earning and spending including no saving, periods of saving, and sustained saving. One destructive effect of drug use may be that it creates a perpetual zero-balance situation in the lives of users, which in turn prevents them from gaining materials that could help to break the cycle of addiction. PMID:29104320

Earning, Spending, and Drug Use in a Therapeutic Workplace.

PubMed

Subramaniam, Shrinidhi; DeFulio, Anthony; Jarvis, Brantley P; Holtyn, August F; Silverman, Kenneth

2017-06-01

Drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing health problem that is associated with the degree to which individuals choose small, immediate monetary outcomes over larger, delayed outcomes. This study was a secondary analysis exploring the relation between financial choices and drug use in opioid-dependent adults in a therapeutic workplace intervention. Sixty-seven participants were randomly assigned to a condition in which access to paid job training was contingent upon naltrexone adherence (N = 35) or independent of naltrexone adherence (N = 32). Participants could earn approximately $10 per hour for 4 hours every weekday and could exchange earnings for gift cards or bill payments each weekday. Urine was collected and tested for opiates and cocaine thrice weekly. Participants' earning, spending, and drug use were not related to measures of delay discounting obtained prior to the intervention. When financial choices were categorized based on drug use during the intervention, however, those with less frequent drug use or frequent use of one drug spent a smaller proportion of their daily earnings and maintained a higher daily balance than those who frequently tested positive for both drugs (i.e., opiates and cocaine). Several patterns described the relation between cumulative earning and spending including no saving, periods of saving, and sustained saving. One destructive effect of drug use may be that it creates a perpetual zero-balance situation in the lives of users, which in turn prevents them from gaining materials that could help to break the cycle of addiction.

A Comparison of an Introductory Course to SAT/ACT Scores in Predicting Student Performance

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Marsh, Crystale M.; Vandehey, Michael A.; Diekhoff, George M.

2008-01-01

We assessed students in General Psychology classes and examined their SAT/ACT scores, GPAs, and attempted and earned hours. Exams in General Psychology were superior to the SAT/ACT in predicting GPA, supporting the use of an introductory course as a "gateway" for identifying at-risk students and engaging them in academic services.…

The male-female gap in physician earnings: evidence from a public health insurance system.

PubMed

Theurl, Engelbert; Winner, Hannes

2011-10-01

Empirical evidence from US studies suggests that female physicians earn less than their male counterparts, on average. The earnings gap does not disappear when individual and market characteristics are controlled for. This paper investigates whether a gender earnings difference can also be observed in a health-care system predominantly financed by public insurance companies. Using a unique data set of physicians' earnings recorded by a public social security agency in an Austrian province between 2000 and 2004, we find a gender gap in average earnings of about 32%. A substantial share of this gap (20-47%) cannot be explained by individual and market characteristics, leaving labor market discrimination as one possible explanation for the observed gender earnings difference of physicians. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

48 CFR 352.234-4 - Partial earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... management system. 352.234-4 Section 352.234-4 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-4 Partial earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(d), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Partial Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The...

48 CFR 352.234-4 - Partial earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... management system. 352.234-4 Section 352.234-4 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-4 Partial earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(d), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Partial Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The...

48 CFR 352.234-4 - Partial earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... management system. 352.234-4 Section 352.234-4 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-4 Partial earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(d), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Partial Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The...

48 CFR 352.234-4 - Partial earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... management system. 352.234-4 Section 352.234-4 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-4 Partial earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(d), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Partial Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The...

20 CFR 416.974a - When and how we will average your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

.... 416.974a Section 416.974a Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY... as a self-employed person was continuous without significant change in work patterns or earnings, and there has been no change in the substantial gainful activity earnings levels, your earnings will be...

20 CFR 416.974a - When and how we will average your earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

.... 416.974a Section 416.974a Employees' Benefits SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION SUPPLEMENTAL SECURITY... as a self-employed person was continuous without significant change in work patterns or earnings, and there has been no change in the substantial gainful activity earnings levels, your earnings will be...

25 CFR 1200.4 - May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and retain the protections of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... retain the protections of Federal trust status? Yes. The Tribal Self-Governance Act (25 U.S.C. 458) and... these Acts if it wishes. These options are covered by 25 CFR part 900 (the “Indian Self-Determination and Education Assistance Act Program”) and 25 CFR part 1000 (the “Self-Governance Program”). ...

Selection, Language Heritage, and the Earnings Trajectories of Black Immigrants in the United States

PubMed Central

Hamilton, Tod G.

2014-01-01

Research suggests that immigrants from the English-speaking Caribbean surpass the earnings of U.S.-born blacks approximately one decade after arriving in the United States. Using data from the 1980–2000 U.S. censuses and the 2005–2007 American Community Surveys on U.S.-born black and non-Hispanic white men as well as black immigrant men from all the major sending regions of the world, I evaluate whether selective migration and language heritage of immigrants’ birth countries account for the documented earnings crossover. I validate the earnings pattern of black immigrants documented in previous studies, but I also find that the earnings of most arrival cohorts of immigrants from the English-speaking Caribbean, after residing in the United States for more than 20 years, are projected to converge with or slightly overtake those of U.S.-born black internal migrants. The findings also show three arrival cohorts of black immigrants from English-speaking African countries are projected to surpass the earnings of U.S.-born black internal migrants. No arrival cohort of black immigrants is projected to surpass the earnings of U.S.-born non-Hispanic whites. Birth-region analysis shows that black immigrants from English-speaking countries experience more rapid earnings growth than immigrants from non-English-speaking countries. The arrival-cohort and birth-region variation in earnings documented in this study suggest that selective migration and language heritage of black immigrants’ birth countries are important determinants of their initial earnings and earnings trajectories in the United States. PMID:24854004

Federal Employees' Retirement System Act of 1986.

PubMed

Kerns, W L

1986-11-01

In June, President Reagan signed the Federal Employees' Retirement System Act of 1986 (Public Law 99-335), which establishes the Federal Employees' Retirement System (FERS) for employees hired after December 31, 1983. The program, which goes into effect on January 1, 1987, features a defined benefit retirement plan to augment mandatory coverage under social security. It also permits FERS participants to contribute up to 10 percent of their earnings, on a tax-deferred basis, to a thrift savings plan, with partial matching by the Government. This article describes the provisions of the new system, including survivor annuities and disability benefits. It also explains how employees covered under the Civil Service Retirement System may freeze their earned benefits under that program and transfer to FERS during the period July-December 1987.

20 CFR 225.13 - Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA... Spouse Annuities § 225.13 Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA. (a) General. The Social Security... certain eligibility requirements as described in part 216 of this chapter. The Social Security Dual...

48 CFR 352.234-3 - Full earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... management system. 352.234-3 Section 352.234-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-3 Full earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(c), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Full Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The Contractor...

48 CFR 352.234-3 - Full earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... management system. 352.234-3 Section 352.234-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-3 Full earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(c), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Full Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The Contractor...

48 CFR 352.234-3 - Full earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... management system. 352.234-3 Section 352.234-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-3 Full earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(c), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Full Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The Contractor...

48 CFR 352.234-3 - Full earned value management system.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... management system. 352.234-3 Section 352.234-3 Federal Acquisition Regulations System HEALTH AND HUMAN....234-3 Full earned value management system. As prescribed in 334.203-70(c), the Contracting Officer shall insert the following clause: Full Earned Value Management System (October 2008) (a) The Contractor...

20 CFR 225.13 - Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2014-04-01 2012-04-01 true Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA. 225... Spouse Annuities § 225.13 Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA. (a) General. The Social Security... certain eligibility requirements as described in part 216 of this chapter. The Social Security Dual...

20 CFR 225.13 - Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2013-04-01 2012-04-01 true Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA. 225... Spouse Annuities § 225.13 Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA. (a) General. The Social Security... certain eligibility requirements as described in part 216 of this chapter. The Social Security Dual...

20 CFR 225.13 - Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA... Spouse Annuities § 225.13 Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA. (a) General. The Social Security... certain eligibility requirements as described in part 216 of this chapter. The Social Security Dual...

20 CFR 225.13 - Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA... Spouse Annuities § 225.13 Social Security Earnings Dual Benefit PIA. (a) General. The Social Security... certain eligibility requirements as described in part 216 of this chapter. The Social Security Dual...

26 CFR 1.381(c)(2)-1 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Insolvency Reorganizations § 1.381(c)(2)-1 Earnings and profits. (a) In... profits, after the date of distribution or transfer and before the completion of the reorganization or... maintaining two separate earnings and profits accounts after the date of distribution or transfer. The first...

Racial Earnings Differentials and Performance Pay

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Heywood, John S.; O'Halloran, Patrick L.

2005-01-01

A comparative analysis between output-based payment and time rates payment is presented. It is observed that racial or gender earnings discrimination is more likely in time rates payment and supervisory evaluations.

The Wage Gap: Women's and Men's Earnings. Briefing Paper.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Shaw, Lois; Gish, Melinda; Braunstein, Jill; Allore, Sara

After remaining virtually unchanged from 1995 through the 1970s, the wage gap between women and men began to decline in the 1980s. By the early 1990s, the ratio of the annual earnings of women employed full time year-round to the annual earnings of their male counterparts reached 72.0%. That ratio decreased slightly (to 71.4%) in 1995. The wage…

Twitter sentiment around the Earnings Announcement events

PubMed Central

Grčar, Miha

2017-01-01

We investigate the relationship between social media, Twitter in particular, and stock market. We provide an in-depth analysis of the Twitter volume and sentiment about the 30 companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Average index, over a period of three years. We focus on Earnings Announcements and show that there is a considerable difference with respect to when the announcements are made: before the market opens or after the market closes. The two different timings of the Earnings Announcements were already investigated in the financial literature, but not yet in the social media. We analyze the differences in terms of the Twitter volumes, cumulative abnormal returns, trade returns, and earnings surprises. We report mixed results. On the one hand, we show that the Twitter sentiment (the collective opinion of the users) on the day of the announcement very well reflects the stock moves on the same day. We demonstrate this by applying the event study methodology, where the polarity of the Earnings Announcements is computed from the Twitter sentiment. Cumulative abnormal returns are high (2–4%) and statistically significant. On the other hand, we find only weak predictive power of the Twitter sentiment one day in advance. It turns out that it is important how to account for the announcements made after the market closes. These after-hours announcements draw high Twitter activity immediately, but volume and price changes in trading are observed only on the next day. On the day before the announcements, the Twitter volume is low, and the sentiment has very weak predictive power. A useful lesson learned is the importance of the proper alignment between the announcements, trading and Twitter data. PMID:28235103

Twitter sentiment around the Earnings Announcement events.

PubMed

Gabrovšek, Peter; Aleksovski, Darko; Mozetič, Igor; Grčar, Miha

2017-01-01

We investigate the relationship between social media, Twitter in particular, and stock market. We provide an in-depth analysis of the Twitter volume and sentiment about the 30 companies in the Dow Jones Industrial Average index, over a period of three years. We focus on Earnings Announcements and show that there is a considerable difference with respect to when the announcements are made: before the market opens or after the market closes. The two different timings of the Earnings Announcements were already investigated in the financial literature, but not yet in the social media. We analyze the differences in terms of the Twitter volumes, cumulative abnormal returns, trade returns, and earnings surprises. We report mixed results. On the one hand, we show that the Twitter sentiment (the collective opinion of the users) on the day of the announcement very well reflects the stock moves on the same day. We demonstrate this by applying the event study methodology, where the polarity of the Earnings Announcements is computed from the Twitter sentiment. Cumulative abnormal returns are high (2-4%) and statistically significant. On the other hand, we find only weak predictive power of the Twitter sentiment one day in advance. It turns out that it is important how to account for the announcements made after the market closes. These after-hours announcements draw high Twitter activity immediately, but volume and price changes in trading are observed only on the next day. On the day before the announcements, the Twitter volume is low, and the sentiment has very weak predictive power. A useful lesson learned is the importance of the proper alignment between the announcements, trading and Twitter data.

26 CFR 1.964-1 - Determination of the earnings and profits of a foreign corporation.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 10 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Determination of the earnings and profits of a....964-1 Determination of the earnings and profits of a foreign corporation. (a)(1) In general. For rules for determining the earnings and profits (or deficit in earnings and profits) of a foreign corporation...

Adolescent mental health and earnings inequalities in adulthood: evidence from the Young-HUNT Study.

PubMed

Evensen, Miriam; Lyngstad, Torkild Hovde; Melkevik, Ole; Reneflot, Anne; Mykletun, Arnstein

2017-02-01

Previous studies have shown that adolescent mental health problems are associated with lower employment probabilities and risk of unemployment. The evidence on how earnings are affected is much weaker, and few have addressed whether any association reflects unobserved characteristics and whether the consequences of mental health problems vary across the earnings distribution. A population-based Norwegian health survey linked to administrative registry data (N=7885) was used to estimate how adolescents' mental health problems (separate indicators of internalising, conduct, and attention problems and total sum scores) affect earnings (≥30 years) in young adulthood. We used linear regression with fixed-effects models comparing either students within schools or siblings within families. Unconditional quantile regressions were used to explore differentials across the earnings distribution. Mental health problems in adolescence reduce average earnings in adulthood, and associations are robust to control for observed family background and school fixed effects. For some, but not all mental health problems, associations are also robust in sibling fixed-effects models, where all stable family factors are controlled. Further, we found much larger earnings loss below the 25th centile. Adolescent mental health problems reduce adult earnings, especially among individuals in the lower tail of the earnings distribution. Preventing mental health problems in adolescence may increase future earnings. Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited. For permission to use (where not already granted under a licence) please go to http://www.bmj.com/company/products-services/rights-and-licensing/.

The effect of environmental performance and accounting characteristics to earnings informativeness

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Herawaty, V.

2018-01-01

The objective of this empirical study is to analyze the influence of environmental performance and company’s accounting characteristics to earnings informativeness proxied by earnings response coefficient (ERC) on manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange and consistently follow the PROPER assessment in 2010-2014. One of the company’s considerations is to create the green environment reflecting its environmental measures, drawing investors to respond to the company’s environmental performance. The data were obtained from Indonesian Capital Market Directory (ICMD), the Indonesia Stock Exchange homepage, the company’s annual reports, the decree of the Minister of Environment. The samples used in this research are 27 go public manufacturing companies listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange that consistently follow the PROPER in 2010-2014. The sampling technique used was the purposive method. This research uses multiple regression analysis. The results show that the environmental performance and profitability have a positive influence to earnings informativeness, while leverage has a negative influence to earnings informativeness. Growth opportunities as a control variable has a positive effect on earnings informativeness. This research has proved that the environmental performance is crucial through observing the investors’ reaction in the capital market.

Associations of serious mental illness with earnings: results from the WHO World Mental Health surveys

PubMed Central

Levinson, Daphna; Lakoma, Matthew D.; Petukhova, Maria; Schoenbaum, Michael; Zaslavsky, Alan M.; Angermeyer, Matthias; Borges, Guilherme; Bruffaerts, Ronny; de Girolamo, Giovanni; de Graaf, Ron; Gureje, Oye; Haro, Josep Maria; Hu, Chiyi; Karam, Aimee N.; Kawakami, Norito; Lee, Sing; Lepine, Jean-Pierre; Browne, Mark Oakley; Okoliyski, Michail; Posada-Villa, José; Sagar, Rajesh; Viana, Maria Carmen; Williams, David R.; Kessler, Ronald C.

2010-01-01

Background Burden-of-illness data, which are often used in setting healthcare policy-spending priorities, are unavailable for mental disorders in most countries. Aims To examine one central aspect of illness burden, the association of serious mental illness with earnings, in the World Health Organization (WHO) World Mental Health (WMH) Surveys. Method The WMH Surveys were carried out in 10 high-income and 9 low- and middle-income countries. The associations of personal earnings with serious mental illness were estimated. Results Respondents with serious mental illness earned on average a third less than median earnings, with no significant between-country differences (χ2(9) = 5.5–8.1, P = 0.52–0.79). These losses are equivalent to 0.3–0.8% of total national earnings. Reduced earnings among those with earnings and the increased probability of not earning are both important components of these associations. Conclusions These results add to a growing body of evidence that mental disorders have high societal costs. Decisions about healthcare resource allocation should take these costs into consideration. PMID:20679263

5 CFR 839.1003 - How will OPM compute the amount of lost earnings?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false How will OPM compute the amount of lost... § 839.1003 How will OPM compute the amount of lost earnings? (a) Lost earnings will generally be computed in accordance with the Board's lost earnings regulations (5 CFR 1606 of chapter VI). However, the...

Effect of Registered Partnership on Labor Earnings and Fertility for Same-Sex Couples: Evidence From Swedish Register Data.

PubMed

Aldén, Lina; Edlund, Lena; Hammarstedt, Mats; Mueller-Smith, Michael

2015-08-01

The expansion of legal rights to same-sex couples is a foot in a number of Western countries. The effects of this rollout are not only important in their own right but can also provide a window on the institution of marriage and the rights bundled therein. In this article, using Swedish longitudinal register data covering 1994-2007, we study the impact of the extension of rights to same-sex couples on labor earnings and fertility. In 1994, registered partnership for same-sex couples was introduced, which conferred almost all rights and obligations of marriage--a notable exception being joint legal parenting, by default or election. The latter was added in the 2002 adoption act. We find registered partnership to be important to both gays and lesbians but for different reasons. For gays, resource pooling emerges as the main function of registered partnerships. For lesbians, registered partnership appears to be an important vehicle for family formation, especially after the 2002 adoption act. In contrast to heterosexual couples (included for comparison), we find no evidence of household specialization among lesbians. The lack of specialization is noteworthy given similar fertility effects of registered partnership (after 2002) and the fact that lesbian couples were less assortatively matched (on education) than heterosexual couples--children and unequal earnings power being two factors commonly believed to promote specialization.

Investigating MBA Degrees Earned by Women: A Decade of Change

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

McConnell, Cheryl; Rush, Douglas; Gartland, Myles

2016-01-01

The authors examined master of business administration (MBA) degrees earned by women at U.S. higher education institutions at three specific years spanning a decade: 2003, 2008, and 2013 to determine whether there was a significant difference in the percentage of MBA degrees earned by women based on the independent variables of institutional type,…

20 CFR 404.211 - Computing your average indexed monthly earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... averages to make them comparable to the averages for 1951-1990. (d) Indexing your earnings. (1) The first step in indexing your social security earnings is to find the relationship (under paragraph (d)(2) of... average wage of all workers in your indexing year. As a general rule, your indexing year is the second...

20 CFR 404.211 - Computing your average indexed monthly earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... averages to make them comparable to the averages for 1951-1990. (d) Indexing your earnings. (1) The first step in indexing your social security earnings is to find the relationship (under paragraph (d)(2) of... average wage of all workers in your indexing year. As a general rule, your indexing year is the second...

20 CFR 404.211 - Computing your average indexed monthly earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... averages to make them comparable to the averages for 1951-1990. (d) Indexing your earnings. (1) The first step in indexing your social security earnings is to find the relationship (under paragraph (d)(2) of... average wage of all workers in your indexing year. As a general rule, your indexing year is the second...

20 CFR 404.211 - Computing your average indexed monthly earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... averages to make them comparable to the averages for 1951-1990. (d) Indexing your earnings. (1) The first step in indexing your social security earnings is to find the relationship (under paragraph (d)(2) of... average wage of all workers in your indexing year. As a general rule, your indexing year is the second...

20 CFR 404.211 - Computing your average indexed monthly earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... averages to make them comparable to the averages for 1951-1990. (d) Indexing your earnings. (1) The first step in indexing your social security earnings is to find the relationship (under paragraph (d)(2) of... average wage of all workers in your indexing year. As a general rule, your indexing year is the second...

Integrating Earning College Credit in High School into Accountability Systems

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Achieve, Inc., 2015

2015-01-01

Earning college credit in high school matters to students and parents. Students who earn college credits by taking a college-level course while in high school are more likely to enter college and succeed. Through these experiences, students become familiar with college expectations, academic behaviors, and habits of mind; get a head start on…

Title VII and the Male/Female Earnings Gap: An Economic Analysis.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Beller, Andrea

1978-01-01

After controlling statistically for the effects of other factors that affect earnings, it was found that enforcement of sex discrimination charges under Title VII increased the relative demand for women and thus decreased the male/female earnings differential between 1967 and 1974. (Author)

20 CFR 416.1112 - Earned income we do not count.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... AGED, BLIND, AND DISABLED Income Earned Income § 416.1112 Earned income we do not count. (a) General... receive it. (3) If you are under age 22 and a student who is regularly attending school as described in... not blind) and under age 65 or you are disabled (but not blind) and received SSI as a disabled...

Opting Out and Buying Out: Wives' Earnings and Housework Time

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Killewald, Alexandra

2011-01-01

It has been proposed that the negative association between wives' earnings and their time in housework is due to greater outsourcing of household labor by households with high-earning wives, but this hypothesis has not been tested directly. In a sample of dual-earner married couples in the Consumption and Activities Mail Survey of the Health and…

17 CFR 229.1009 - (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used. 229.1009 Section 229.1009 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING FORMS UNDER SECURITIES ACT OF 1933...

17 CFR 229.1009 - (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used. 229.1009 Section 229.1009 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING FORMS UNDER SECURITIES ACT OF 1933...

17 CFR 229.1009 - (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 3 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used. 229.1009 Section 229.1009 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING FORMS UNDER SECURITIES ACT OF 1933...

17 CFR 229.1009 - (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used. 229.1009 Section 229.1009 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING FORMS UNDER SECURITIES ACT OF 1933...

17 CFR 229.1009 - (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 17 Commodity and Securities Exchanges 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false (Item 1009) Persons/assets, retained, employed, compensated or used. 229.1009 Section 229.1009 Commodity and Securities Exchanges SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION STANDARD INSTRUCTIONS FOR FILING FORMS UNDER SECURITIES ACT OF 1933...

Some effects of overall rate of earning reinforcers on run lengths and visit durations.

PubMed

Macdonall, James S

2006-07-01

In a concurrent schedule, responding at each alternative is controlled by a pair of schedules that arrange reinforcers for staying at that alternative and reinforcers for switching to the other alternative. Each pair of schedules operates only while at the associated alternative. When only one pair of stay and switch schedules is presented, the rates of earning reinforcers for staying divided by the rates of earning reinforcers for switching controls the mean number responses in a visit and the mean duration of visits. The purpose of the present experiment was to see whether the sum of the rates of earning stay and switch reinforcers changed the way that run length and visit duration were affected by the ratio of the rates of stay to switch reinforcers. Rats were exposed to pairs of stay and switch schedules that varied both the ratio of the rates of earning stay and switch reinforcers and the sum of the rates of earning stay and switch reinforcers. Run lengths and visit durations were joint functions of the ratio of the rates of earning stay and switch reinforcers and the sum of the rates of earning stay and switch reinforcers. These results shows that the effect of the ratio of the sum of the rates of earning stay and switch reinforcers results from processes operating at the alternative, rather than from processes operating at both alternatives.

Earned Value-Added

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Jansen, Michael

2005-01-01

Earned value management [EVM] ...either you swear by it, or swear at it. Either way, there s no getting around the fact that EVM can be one of the most efficient and insightful methods of synthesizing cost, schedule, and technical status information into a single set of program health metrics. Is there a way of implementing EVM that allows a program to reap its early warning benefits while avoiding the pitfalls that make it infamous to its detractors? That s the question recently faced by the International Space Station [ISS] program.

Earnings Management before Rights Issues and the Subsequent Cash Transfer in Chinese Firms

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Tsai, Bi-Huei

2009-08-01

Unlike private enterprises in developed markets, political influence is profound upon Chinese state-dominated firms. Under this consideration, this paper demonstrates how political impact interferes in Chinese managers' decisions. State-assigned managers were found to deliberately transfer cash raised via rights issues from the public shareholders to the state by cash dividends in order to please Chinese politicians. Especially, to meet the regulatory requirement of rights issues, managers from firms which distributed more cash dividends in the same year of rights issues were more likely to inflate earnings before rights issues. The earnings inflation which managers use to boost firm's incomes is defined as "earnings management." Furthermore, the empirical results also exhibit that firm's close relationship with the state enables managers to obtain approvals of rights issues easily, which reduces the firm's earnings management tendency. The manager's incentives of earnings management is closely attributed to the political intervention.

48 CFR 252.234-7001 - Notice of Earned Value Management System.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Industries Alliance Standard 748, Earned Value Management Systems (ANSI/EIA-748) (current version at time of... Management System. 252.234-7001 Section 252.234-7001 Federal Acquisition Regulations System DEFENSE... CLAUSES Text of Provisions And Clauses 252.234-7001 Notice of Earned Value Management System. As...

The Dynamics and Inequality of Italian Men's Earnings: Long-Term Changes or Transitory Fluctuations?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cappellari, Lorenzo

2004-01-01

This paper provides a longitudinal perspective on changes in Italian men's earnings inequality since the late 1970s by decomposing the earnings autocovariance structure into its long-term and transitory parts. Cross-sectional earnings differentials grew over the period and the longitudinal analysis shows that such growth was determined by the…

Privacy Act of 1974; matching program--HCFA. Notice of a matching program--the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the Social Security Administration (SSA), and HCFA--disclosure of IRS taxpayer identity and filing status information to be matched with SSA earned income information for Medicare beneficiaries and their spouses.

PubMed

1990-09-21

As required by Section 6202 of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1989 (OBRA 1989), Public Law 101-239, the Department of Health and Human Services is providing public notice that the IRS and the SSA will disclose certain information regarding the taxpayer identification and filing status and the earned income of Medicare beneficiaries and their spouses for HCFA's use in identifying Medicare secondary payer (MSP) situations. This will enable HCFA to seek recovery of identified mistaken payments that were the liability of another primary insurer or other type of payer. The matching report set forth below is in compliance with the Computer Matching and Privacy Protection Act of 1988 (Pub. L. No. 100-503).

26 CFR 1.532-1 - Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 7 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Corporations Used to Avoid Income Tax on Shareholders § 1.532-1 Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax. (a) General rule. (1) The tax imposed...

26 CFR 1.532-1 - Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 7 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Corporations Used to Avoid Income Tax on Shareholders § 1.532-1 Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax. (a) General rule. (1) The tax imposed...

26 CFR 1.532-1 - Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 7 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 true Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Corporations Used to Avoid Income Tax on Shareholders § 1.532-1 Corporations subject to accumulated earnings tax. (a) General rule. (1) The tax imposed...

Immigration and earnings inequality in America's new small-town destinations.

PubMed

Hyde, Allen; Pais, Jeremy; Wallace, Michael

2015-01-01

Research on the relationship between immigrant population concentration and earnings inequality is divided between two perspectives. Supply-side arguments maintain that areas attracting large numbers of immigrants experience minimal wage growth at the bottom of the earnings distribution, which increases local levels of earnings inequality. Demand-side arguments contend that industrial restructuring reduces the pay of manual labor regardless of, and even prior to, the arrival of foreign-born workers. Adjudicating between these two perspectives is hindered by issues of potential endogeneity, which confound attempts to independently assess the effects of immigration on inequality or vice versa using OLS regression. We consider a third perspective called the reciprocal effects hypothesis which contends that immigrant concentration and earnings inequality emerge together through a mutually reinforcing feedback process. We explore this question in America's "new small-town destinations" using data from U.S. micropolitan statistical areas. We use three-stage least squares estimation to address the endogeneity problem and to test these three hypotheses. While we find support for both the supply- and demand-side perspectives, the results are best explained by the reciprocal effects hypothesis. Copyright © 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Inequality: Race Differences in the Distribution of Earnings. Rand Paper Series P5481-1.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Smith, James P.; Welch, Finis

Characteristics and determinants of earnings distributions for black and white males are revealed in samples from the 1960 and 1970 censuses. Using this data, this paper describes and contrasts the properties of black and white male earnings distributions. It also uses earnings functions estimated from the census to identify and rank variables in…

How are health professionals earning their living in Malawi?

PubMed Central

Muula, Adamson S; Maseko, Fresier C

2006-01-01

Background The migration of health professionals from southern Africa to developed nations is negatively affecting the delivery of health care services in the source countries. Oftentimes however, it is the reasons for the out-migration that have been described in the literature. The work and domestic situations of those health professionals continuing to serve in their posts have not been adequately studied. Methods The present study utilized a qualitative data collection and analysis method. This was achieved through focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with health professionals and administrators to determine the challenges they face and the coping systems they resort to and the perceptions towards those coping methods. Results Health professionals identified the following as some of the challenges there faced: inequitable and poor remuneration, overwhelming responsibilities with limited resources, lack of a stimulating work environment, inadequate supervision, poor access to continued professionals training, limited career progression, lack of transparent recruitment and discriminatory remuneration. When asked what kept them still working in Malawi when the pressures to emigrate were there, the following were some of the ways the health professionals mentioned as useful for earning extra income to support their families: working in rural areas where life was perceived to be cheaper, working closer to home village so as to run farms, stealing drugs from health facilities, having more than one job, running small to medium scale businesses. Health professionals would also minimize expenditure by missing meals and walking to work. Conclusion Many health professionals in Malawi experience overly challenging environments. In order to survive some are involved in ethically and legally questionable activities such as receiving "gifts" from patients and pilfering drugs. The efforts by the Malawi government and the international community to retain health

Differences in Occupational Earnings by Sex.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robinson, Derek

1998-01-01

This analysis of the female/male wage gap in diverse countries looks at pay scales/job rates, average wage/salary rates, and average earnings in medical, public service, banking, and finance occupations. Explanations for differences and discussion of methodological issues are offered. (SK)

Evolution of Earnings and Rates of Returns to Education in Mexico.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Lopez-Acevedo, Gladys

This paper reviews the factors and mechanisms that have been driving inequality in Mexico and finds that educational inequality accounts for by far the largest share of Mexico's variation in earnings inequality. More specifically, it examines the expansion in earnings inequality with emphasis on the role of education, establishes an analytical…

Household income and earnings losses among 6,396 persons with rheumatoid arthritis.

PubMed

Wolfe, Frederick; Michaud, Kaleb; Choi, Hyon K; Williams, Rhys

2005-10-01

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) causes disability and reduced productivity. There are no large quantitative studies of earnings and productivity losses in patients with clinical RA, and no studies of household income losses. We describe methods for obtaining earnings and household income losses that are applicable to working as well as nonworking RA patients, and we perform such studies using these methods. We estimated cross-sectional expected annual earnings and household income losses in 6,649 persons with RA from Current Populations Survey (CPS) and O*NET (Occupational Information Network) data, and we estimated expected household income and earnings losses based on demographic characteristics after adjustment to Medical Outcomes Study Short-Form 36 (SF-36) population norms (internal method). Workplace productivity was measured by the Work Limitations Questionnaire (WLQ). 27.9% of patients aged < or = 65 years considered themselves disabled after 14.6 years of RA, and 8.8% received disability benefits. Annual earnings losses ranged between USD 2,319 and USD 3,407 by the CPS and internal method (preferred), with losses of 9.3% and 10.9%. A 0.25 difference in Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) score was associated with a $1,095 difference in annual earnings. Productivity losses were 6% based on work limitations identified by the WLQ. Household income loss (percentage loss) including transfer payments was USD 6,287 (11.8%) for all patients, USD 4,247 (6.9%) for employed patients, and USD 7,374 (14.8%) for nonworking patients. Among nonworking nondisabled patients aged < or = 65 years, income loss was 14.1%. As measured by annual household income loss, the overall impact of RA is USD 6,287 (11.8%). Earnings and household income are dependent on functional status, education, age, ethnicity, and marital status. Income loss is predicted by the HAQ, HAQ-II, Modified HAQ, and SF-36.

NERVA turbopump bearing retainer fabrication on nonmetallic retainer

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Accinelli, J. B.

1972-01-01

The need for a low-wear, lightweight, high strength bearing retainer material with a radiation degradation threshold of 10 to the 9th power rads (C) prompted development of nonmetallic reinforced polymers of the following types: (1) polybenzimidazole, (2) polyimide, and (3) polyquinoxaline. Retainers were machined from tubular laminates (billets), including reinforcement by either glass or graphite fabric or filament. Fabrication of billets involves hot preimpregnation of the reinforcement fabric or filament with polymer followed by wrapping this prepreg over a heated mandrel to form a tube with the required thickness and length.

The impact of paternity leave on fathers' future earnings.

PubMed

Rege, Mari; Solli, Ingeborg F

2013-12-01

Using Norwegian registry data, we investigate the effect of paternity leave on fathers' long-term earnings. If the paternity leave increased long-term father involvement, then we should expect a reduction in fathers' long-term earnings as they shift time and effort from market to home production. For identification, we use the Norwegian introduction of a paternity-leave quota in 1993, reserving four weeks of the total of 42 weeks of paid parental leave exclusively for the father. The introduction of the paternity-leave quota led to a sharp increase in rates of leave-taking for fathers. We estimate a difference-in-differences model that exploits differences in fathers' exposure to the paternity-leave quota by the child's age and year of observation. Our analysis suggests that four weeks of paternity leave during the child's first year decreases fathers' future earnings, an effect that persists through our last point of observation, when the child is 5 years old. A battery of robustness tests supports our results.

Earnings in 1981 of Married-Couple Families, by Selected Characteristics of Husbands and Wives.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cleveland, Robert W.; Henson, Mary F.

1984-01-01

This report contains data on the annual earnings of husbands and wives and their combined earnings as married couples. A narrative summarizing findings precedes each group of related charts and tables. Figures 1A through 1C and tables 1A through 1D classify the earnings of married couples, husbands, and wives by weeks of work and…

26 CFR 1.964-2 - Treatment of blocked earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 10 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Treatment of blocked earnings and profits. 1... blocked earnings and profits. (a) General rule. If, in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section, it... profits of a controlled foreign corporation for the taxable year (determined under § 1.964-1) was subject...

26 CFR 1.964-2 - Treatment of blocked earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 10 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Treatment of blocked earnings and profits. 1... blocked earnings and profits. (a) General rule. If, in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section, it... profits of a controlled foreign corporation for the taxable year (determined under § 1.964-1) was subject...

26 CFR 1.964-2 - Treatment of blocked earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 10 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Treatment of blocked earnings and profits. 1... blocked earnings and profits. (a) General rule. If, in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section, it... profits of a controlled foreign corporation for the taxable year (determined under § 1.964-1) was subject...

29 CFR 548.303 - Average earnings for each type of work.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Average earnings for each type of work. 548.303 Section 548... REGULATIONS AUTHORIZATION OF ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Authorized Basic Rates § 548.303 Average earnings for each type of work. (a) Section 548.3(c) authorizes as an...

Universities Report $1.8-Billion in Earnings on Inventions in 2011

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Blumenstyk, Goldie

2012-01-01

Universities and their inventors earned more than $1.8-billion from commercializing their academic research in the 2011 fiscal year, collecting royalties from new breeds of wheat, from a new drug for the treatment of HIV, and from longstanding arrangements over enduring products like Gatorade. Northwestern University earned the most of any…

Implant retained auricular prosthesis with a modified hader bar: a case report.

PubMed

Lovely, M; Dathan, Pradeep C; Gopal, Dinesh; George, Biji Thomas; Chandrasekharan Nair, K

2014-06-01

Auricular prostheses for defects of external ear are retained either by mechanical means or implants. All implant retained prostheses are retained by various means such as bar and clip, magnetic attachments or a combination of bar, clip and magnets. The commonest problem encountered with the bar and clip system is loosening of the clip after 3-4 months. When magnets are used as retaining component they tend to corrode over a period of time. So various alternative retention methods which possess good retentive qualities, ease of reparability and patient friendly were tried. In the present case a newly modified Hader bar design which can act as an additional retentive feature apart from the clip is employed to increase retention. The major advantages in the modified Hader bar system were that only two implants were employed, the additional loops in the Hader bar prevented micro movements and the retentive acrylic locks were easy to repair if broken. The modified Hader bar has anti-rotational slots which prevents the sliding or rotation of the prosthesis which gave new confidence to the patient who was otherwise worried of inadvertent displacement of the ear prosthesis while playing.

Integration Interrupted: Tracking, Black Students, and Acting White after "Brown"

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Tyson, Karolyn, Ed.

2011-01-01

An all-too-popular explanation for why black students aren't doing better in school is their own use of the "acting white" slur to ridicule fellow blacks for taking advanced classes, doing schoolwork, and striving to earn high grades. Carefully reconsidering how and why black students have come to equate school success with whiteness,…

Why do very unattractive workers earn so much?

PubMed

Kanazawa, Satoshi; Hu, Shihao; Larere, Adrien

2018-05-01

Kanazawa and Still (2018) showed that very unattractive workers earned more than unattractive workers, sometimes more than average-looking or attractive workers, because they had higher levels of intelligence and education, but they did not explain why very unattractive workers had higher intelligence and education. There are both theoretical and empirical reasons to expect that some intelligent men may prefer to marry very unattractive women. The analysis of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) shows that very unattractive women were significantly more likely to be married at Age 29 than unattractive or average-looking women, and their spouses or partners earned significantly more than those of unattractive or average-looking women. If intelligent men have historically preferred to marry very unattractive women generation after generation, then, because both general intelligence and physical attractiveness are highly heritable, this can explain why very unattractive workers are more intelligent and achieve higher education, thereby earning more. It can also explain why the positive correlation between intelligence and physical attractiveness is not larger despite assortative mating of intelligent men of higher status and physically attractive women over many generations. Copyright © 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

26 CFR 1.964-2 - Treatment of blocked earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 10 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Treatment of blocked earnings and profits. 1.964... blocked earnings and profits. (a) General rule. If, in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section, it... profits of a controlled foreign corporation for the taxable year (determined under § 1.964-1) was subject...

26 CFR 1.964-2 - Treatment of blocked earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... property of a type normally owned by such corporation in the operation of its business or other money which... 26 Internal Revenue 10 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Treatment of blocked earnings and profits. 1... earnings and profits. (a) General rule. If, in accordance with paragraph (d) of this section, it is...

Individual and societal impact on earnings associated with serious mental illness in metropolitan China

PubMed Central

Lee, Sing; Tsang, Adley; Huang, Yue-qin; He, Yan-ling; Liu, Zhao-rui; Zhang, Ming-yuan; Shen, Yu-cun; Kessler, Ronald C.

2013-01-01

To evaluate individual-level and societal-level losses of income associated with serious mental illness in metropolitan China, a multi-stage probability survey was administered to adults aged 18–70 in Beijing and Shanghai. We used data to estimate individual-level expected earnings from a model that included information about the respondents’ education level, marital status, age, and gender. Expected earnings were compared to observed earnings among respondents with mental illness and serious disability. The result shows that the 12-month prevalence of such serious mental illness was 0.6%. Its impact on earnings was significant in the total sample and was higher for males (76% of gender-specific expected salary was lost) than females (32%). When projected to societal level, the annual impact was estimated to be 466 million Renminbi (RMB 8.27= USD 1), less than 0.2% of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the two cities. Serious mental illness was associated with a substantial decrease in individual-level earnings, but the burden that resulted from societal-level loss of earnings was not large enough to help drive mental health policy and programs in China. PMID:20493555

26 CFR 1.809-9 - Computation of the differential earnings rate and the recomputed differential earnings rate.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED... the amount equal to the product of— (i) The life insurance company's average equity base for the... the excess of— (i) The imputed earnings rate for the taxable year; over (ii) The average mutual...

NASA Earned Value Management (EVM) Update

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Kerby, Jerald

2013-01-01

Earned Value Management (EVM) is an integrated management control system for assessing, understanding and qualifying what a project is achieving with the resoures. EVM integrates technical cost and schedules with risk management. It allows objective assessment and quantification of current project performance, and helps predict future performance-based trents.

Factors Considered by Vocational Rehabilitation Professionals in Employability and Earning Capacity Assessment

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Williams, John M.; Dunn, Patrick L.; Bast, Steve; Giesen, Judy

2006-01-01

The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that contributed to vocational rehabilitation assessment of earning capacity. Rehabilitation professionals who attended a national forensic rehabilitation conference were asked to rate the importance of 26 variables in development of opinions of earning capacity. Exploratory factor analysis…

Field of Study in College and Lifetime Earnings in the United States

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, ChangHwan; Tamborini, Christopher R.; Sakamoto, Arthur

2015-01-01

Our understanding about the relationship between education and lifetime earnings often neglects differences by field of study. Utilizing data that match respondents in the Survey of Income and Program Participation to their longitudinal earnings records based on administrative tax information, we investigate the trajectories of annual earnings…

5 CFR 2636.304 - The 15 percent limitation on outside earned income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 3 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false The 15 percent limitation on outside earned income. 2636.304 Section 2636.304 Administrative Personnel OFFICE OF GOVERNMENT ETHICS GOVERNMENT... Noncareer Employees § 2636.304 The 15 percent limitation on outside earned income. (a) Limitation applicable...

Weight and earnings among childbearing women in Metropolitan Cebu, Philippines (1983-2002).

PubMed

Colchero, M Arantxa; Bishai, David

2012-07-01

We estimated the relationship between weight status and earnings among women participating in the Cebu Longitudinal Health and Nutrition Surveys between 1983 and 2002 conducted in Cebu, Philippines. Women working for pay were selected for the analysis. We used fixed effects estimation to account for unobserved time invariant characteristics related to weight. After correcting for potential bias due to unobserved heterogeneity, our results suggest that the earnings of obese or overweight women in Cebu (Philippines) were not less than women of normal weight. The relation between earnings and weight exists only among self-employed women or women working in more than one type of activity. No discrimination was found among women working for wages or per piece rate. In contrast, among self-employed and women working in more than one type of activity we found that underweight women earn less than do those with normal weight. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Labor Market Earnings of American Artists in 1980. A Report to the National Endowment for the Arts.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Filer, Randall K.

While some studies of the earnings of artists have typically claimed that artists earn significantly less than other workers, others suggest that there is no basis for concluding that artists earn any less on average than they would in other jobs. This study presents information regarding the earning and labor market success of artists in the…

Do Survey Data Estimate Earnings Inequality Correctly? Measurement Errors among Black and White Male Workers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, ChangHwan; Tamborini, Christopher R.

2012-01-01

Few studies have considered how earnings inequality estimates may be affected by measurement error in self-reported earnings in surveys. Utilizing restricted-use data that links workers in the Survey of Income and Program Participation with their W-2 earnings records, we examine the effect of measurement error on estimates of racial earnings…

Balancing trust and power: a qualitative study of GPs perceptions and strategies for retaining patients in preventive health checks

PubMed Central

Broholm-Jørgensen, Marie; Guassora, Ann Dorrit; Reventlow, Susanne; Dalton, Susanne Oksbjerg; Tjørnhøj-Thomsen, Tine

2017-01-01

Objective Little is known about how strategies of retaining patients are acted out by general practitioners (GPs) in the clinical encounter. With this study, we apply Grimens’ (2009) analytical connection between trust and power to explore how trust and power appear in preventive health checks from the GPs’ perspectives, and in what way trust and power affect and/or challenge strategies towards retaining patients without formal education. Design Data in this study were obtained through semi-structured interviews with GPs participating in an intervention project, as well as observations of clinical encounters. Results From the empirical data, we identified three dimensions of respect: respect for the patient’s autonomy, respect for professional authority and respect as a mutual exchange. A balance of respect influenced trust in the relationship between GP and patients and the transfer of power in the encounter. The GPs articulated that a balance was needed in preventive health checks in order to establish trust and thus retain the patient in the clinic. One way this balance of respect was carried out was with the use of humour. Conclusions To retain patients without formal education in the clinical encounter, the GPs balanced trust and power executed through three dimensions of respect. In this study, retaining patients was equivalent to maintaining a trusting relationship. A strategic use of the three dimensions of respect was applied to balance trust and power and thus build or maintain a trusting relationship with patients. Key points Little is known about how strategies for retaining patients are acted out by GPs in preventive health checks. Retaining patients requires a balance of trust and power, which is executed through three dimensions of respect by the GPs.Challenges of recruiting and retaining patients in public health initiatives might be associated with the balance of respect. PMID:28277053

Balancing trust and power: a qualitative study of GPs perceptions and strategies for retaining patients in preventive health checks.

PubMed

Broholm-Jørgensen, Marie; Guassora, Ann Dorrit; Reventlow, Susanne; Dalton, Susanne Oksbjerg; Tjørnhøj-Thomsen, Tine

2017-03-01

Little is known about how strategies of retaining patients are acted out by general practitioners (GPs) in the clinical encounter. With this study, we apply Grimens' (2009) analytical connection between trust and power to explore how trust and power appear in preventive health checks from the GPs' perspectives, and in what way trust and power affect and/or challenge strategies towards retaining patients without formal education. Data in this study were obtained through semi-structured interviews with GPs participating in an intervention project, as well as observations of clinical encounters. From the empirical data, we identified three dimensions of respect: respect for the patient's autonomy, respect for professional authority and respect as a mutual exchange. A balance of respect influenced trust in the relationship between GP and patients and the transfer of power in the encounter. The GPs articulated that a balance was needed in preventive health checks in order to establish trust and thus retain the patient in the clinic. One way this balance of respect was carried out was with the use of humour. To retain patients without formal education in the clinical encounter, the GPs balanced trust and power executed through three dimensions of respect. In this study, retaining patients was equivalent to maintaining a trusting relationship. A strategic use of the three dimensions of respect was applied to balance trust and power and thus build or maintain a trusting relationship with patients. KEY POINTS   Little is known about how strategies for retaining patients are acted out by GPs in preventive health checks.  •  Retaining patients requires a balance of trust and power, which is executed through three dimensions of respect by the GPs.  •  Challenges of recruiting and retaining patients in public health initiatives might be associated with the balance of respect.

Medicaid expenditures for the disabled under a work incentive program

PubMed Central

Andrews, Roxanne M.; Ruther, Martin; Baugh, David K.; Pine, Penelope L.; Rymer, Marilyn P.

1988-01-01

Congress enacted Section 1619 of the Social Security Act to enable the disabled receiving Supplemental Security Income (SSI) to obtain jobs and still retain Medicaid health benefits. Congress intended this work incentive to remove the fear of the severely disabled that by obtaining employment they would lose Medicaid benefits. Based on data from 11 States, our analysis found that Medicaid expenditures for Section 1619 enrollees were relatively small and only one-half the average Medicaid expenditure for the disabled. Retaining Medicaid appears to provide a significant work incentive because Medicaid expenditures represent 13 percent of Section 1619 enrollees' earnings. PMID:10318077

Solar Research Earns Three Prestigious R&D 100 Awards | News | NREL

Science.gov Websites

1 » Solar Research Earns Three Prestigious R&D 100 Awards News Release: Solar Research Earns Three Prestigious R&D 100 Awards June 22, 2011 A technique to turn silicon into ink, a faster way to significant innovations by R&D Magazine. The three prestigious awards bring to 50 the number of R&D

Bicruciate retaining

PubMed Central

2016-01-01

Total knee replacement (TKR) is a procedure used to treat knee arthropathy. Patients’ dissatisfaction is still relevant (literature reports dissatisfaction rates as high as 40%). The anterior cruciate ligament is usually removed while performing a total knee arthroplasty, thus changing knee biomechanics. As patients’ mean age to surgery is decreasing, bicruciate retaining models, which preserve normal biomechanics, may be useful in increasing patients’ outcomes. Limited data concerning bicruciate retaining arthroplasty is available; although clinical results are encouraging, there are concerns regarding surgical exposure, anterior cruciate integrity evaluation, and implant fixation. PMID:27162778

26 CFR 1.312-7 - Effect on earnings and profits of gain or loss realized after February 28, 1913.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... Effect on earnings and profits of gain or loss realized after February 28, 1913. (a) In order to... earnings and profits for any period beginning after February 28, 1913. For example, since the earnings and profits accumulated after February 28, 1913, or the earnings and profits of the taxable year, are earnings...

Does Money Matter: Earnings Patterns Among a National Sample of the US State Governmental Public Health Agency Workforce

PubMed Central

Castrucci, Brian C.; Leider, Jonathon P.; Liss-Levinson, Rivka; Sellers, Katie

2015-01-01

Context: Earnings have been shown to be a critical point in workforce recruitment and retention. However, little is known about how much governmental public health staff are paid across the United States. Objective: To characterize earnings among state health agency central office employees. Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted of state health agency central office employees in late 2014. The sampling approach was stratified by 5 (paired HHS) regions. Balanced repeated replication weights were used to correctly calculate variance estimates, given the complex sampling design. Descriptive and bivariate statistical comparisons were conducted. A linear regression model was used to examine correlates of earnings among full-time employees. Setting and Participants: A total of 9300 permanently employed, full-time state health agency central office staff who reported earnings information. Main Outcome Measure: Earnings are the main outcomes examined in this article. Results: Central office staff earn between $55 000 and $65 000 on average annually. Ascending supervisory status, educational attainment, and tenure are all associated with greater earnings. Those employed in clinical and laboratory positions and public health science positions earn more than their colleagues in administrative positions. Disparities exist between men and women, with men earning more, all else being equal (P < .001). Racial/ethnic disparities also exist, after accounting for other factors. Conclusions: This study provides baseline information to characterize the workforce and key challenges that result from earnings levels, including disparities in earnings that persist after accounting for education and experience. Data from the survey can inform strategies to address earnings issues and help reduce disparities. PMID:26422496

Does Money Matter: Earnings Patterns Among a National Sample of the US State Governmental Public Health Agency Workforce.

PubMed

Castrucci, Brian C; Leider, Jonathon P; Liss-Levinson, Rivka; Sellers, Katie

2015-01-01

Earnings have been shown to be a critical point in workforce recruitment and retention. However, little is known about how much governmental public health staff are paid across the United States. To characterize earnings among state health agency central office employees. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of state health agency central office employees in late 2014. The sampling approach was stratified by 5 (paired HHS) regions. Balanced repeated replication weights were used to correctly calculate variance estimates, given the complex sampling design. Descriptive and bivariate statistical comparisons were conducted. A linear regression model was used to examine correlates of earnings among full-time employees. A total of 9300 permanently employed, full-time state health agency central office staff who reported earnings information. Earnings are the main outcomes examined in this article. Central office staff earn between $55,000 and $65,000 on average annually. Ascending supervisory status, educational attainment, and tenure are all associated with greater earnings. Those employed in clinical and laboratory positions and public health science positions earn more than their colleagues in administrative positions. Disparities exist between men and women, with men earning more, all else being equal (P < .001). Racial/ethnic disparities also exist, after accounting for other factors. This study provides baseline information to characterize the workforce and key challenges that result from earnings levels, including disparities in earnings that persist after accounting for education and experience. Data from the survey can inform strategies to address earnings issues and help reduce disparities.

Blade retainer assembly

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Luebering, G. W. (Inventor)

1977-01-01

A retaining assembly is provided for locking radially extending blades in a rotor disc associated with a gas turbine engine. The assembly includes a pair of spaced apart lugs axially extending from one side of the disc to form an access gap for insertion of a blade tang into a dovetail slot in the rotor disc. A pair of axially aligned inwardly facing recesses are disposed in the lugs. A retaining member resides in the recesses and extends across the gap to preclude egress of the blade tang from the dovetail slot. The retaining member includes at least one axially extending protrusion adapted to radially overlap and abuttingly engage a radially inwardly facing abutment surface on the lugs.

Not by Productivity Alone: How Visibility and Specialization Contribute to Academic Earnings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Leahey, Erin

2007-01-01

The popular adage "publish or perish" has long defined individual career strategies as well as scholarly investigations of earnings inequality in academe, as researchers have relied heavily on research productivity to explain earnings inequality among faculty members. Academia, however, has changed dramatically in the last few decades: it has…

The effects of skin tone, height, and gender on earnings

PubMed Central

2018-01-01

Using a theoretical approach grounded in implicit bias and stereotyping theories, this study examines the relationship between observable physical characteristics (skin tone, height, and gender) and earnings, as measured by income. Combining separate streams of research on the influence of these three characteristics, we draw from a sample of 31,356 individual-year observations across 4,340 individuals from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY) 1997. We find that skin tone, height, and gender interact such that taller males with darker skin tone attain lower earnings; those educated beyond high school, endowed with higher cognitive ability, and at the higher income level (>75th percentile) had even lower levels of earnings relative to individuals with lighter skin tone. The findings have implications for implicit bias theories, stereotyping, and the human capital literature within the fields of management, applied psychology, and economics. PMID:29293634

Polyurethane retainers for ball bearings

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Christy, R. I.

1973-01-01

Evaluation of a new ball bearing retainer material is reported. A special composite polyurethane foam ball retainer has been developed that has virtually zero wear, is chemically inert to hydrocarbon lubricants, and stores up to 60 times as much lubricant per unit volume as the most commonly used retainer material, cotton phenolic. This new retainer concept shows promise of years of ball bearing operation without reoiling, based on life testing in high vacuum.

Building human capital to increase earning power among people living with mental illnesses.

PubMed

Gao, Ni; Schmidt, Lisa T; Gill, Kenneth J; Pratt, Carlos W

2011-01-01

Human Capital Theory, a well-established model from the field of economics, maintains that a person's lifetime earnings are affected by the amount of education and job training they receive. This study uses Human Capital Theory to predict wages and explain employment outcomes among individuals living with psychiatric illnesses. Hourly wages were examined between 100 individuals with mental illnesses and 100 matched comparisons who had no mental illnesses. The study found that participants with mental illnesses earned $12.19 an hour vs. $14.54 an hour earned by their counterparts without disability. The study also revealed that higher educational attainment and longer work history predicted higher wages among participants with mental illnesses. The severity of psychiatric symptoms and diagnosis, however, did not predict wages. These findings indicate that human capital variables are correlated with wages earned by persons living with mental illnesses. Findings also suggest that assisting mental health consumers in the pursuit of education and job training may increase earning potential which can lead to financial independence and community integration. This supports the value in developing and implementing Supported Education to assist consumers in acquiring education and job training.

Business Administration and Computer Science Degrees: Earnings, Job Security, and Job Satisfaction

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Mehta, Kamlesh; Uhlig, Ronald

2017-01-01

This paper examines the potential of business administration vs. computer science degrees in terms of earnings, job security, and job satisfaction. The paper focuses on earnings potential five years and ten years after the completion of business administration and computer science degrees. Moreover, the paper presents the income changes with…

29 CFR 548.302 - Average earnings for period other than a workweek.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Average earnings for period other than a workweek. 548.302... LABOR REGULATIONS AUTHORIZATION OF ESTABLISHED BASIC RATES FOR COMPUTING OVERTIME PAY Interpretations Authorized Basic Rates § 548.302 Average earnings for period other than a workweek. (a) Section 548.3(b...

76 FR 10944 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-28

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Tuesday...

Opportunity Texas[TM]: Learn. Earn. Save.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Center for Public Policy Priorities, 2010

2010-01-01

Texas faces numerous challenges but also has abundant opportunities to build the middle class and increase prosperity. Unfortunately, too many Texans are on the sideline, lacking access to opportunities to learn, earn, and save to secure a more prosperous future for themselves and their families. To create jobs, increase income, and promote…

School Desegregation, Academic Attainment, and Earnings.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rivkin, Steven G.

2000-01-01

High School and Beyond longitudinal survey data were used to investigate the impact of school racial composition and quality on achievement, educational attainment, and earnings for blacks. Results support the idea that school quality improvement is likely to be much more effective than desegregation as a means of improving academic and labor…

26 CFR 301.7507-5 - Earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... correctly compute the tax liability, even though in the opinion of the taxpayer it is immune from tax... of the $6,400 immune from collection from 1954 earnings may be collected thereafter from unsegregated... for 1955, is not available for collection of the tax for prior years, which became immune as described...

26 CFR 301.7507-5 - Earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... correctly compute the tax liability, even though in the opinion of the taxpayer it is immune from tax... of the $6,400 immune from collection from 1954 earnings may be collected thereafter from unsegregated... for 1955, is not available for collection of the tax for prior years, which became immune as described...

26 CFR 301.7507-5 - Earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... correctly compute the tax liability, even though in the opinion of the taxpayer it is immune from tax... of the $6,400 immune from collection from 1954 earnings may be collected thereafter from unsegregated... for 1955, is not available for collection of the tax for prior years, which became immune as described...

26 CFR 301.7507-5 - Earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... correctly compute the tax liability, even though in the opinion of the taxpayer it is immune from tax... of the $6,400 immune from collection from 1954 earnings may be collected thereafter from unsegregated... for 1955, is not available for collection of the tax for prior years, which became immune as described...

26 CFR 301.7507-5 - Earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... correctly compute the tax liability, even though in the opinion of the taxpayer it is immune from tax... of the $6,400 immune from collection from 1954 earnings may be collected thereafter from unsegregated... for 1955, is not available for collection of the tax for prior years, which became immune as described...

78 FR 60331 - Privacy Act of 1974: System of Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-10-01

... on Position Classification Appeals, Job Grading Appeals, Retained Grade or Pay Appeals, Fair Labor..., Job Grading Appeals, Retained Grade or Pay Appeals, Fair Labor Standard Act (FLSA) Claims and... appeal or a job grading appeal with the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, Merit System Accountability...

Is Economics a Good Major for Future Lawyers? Evidence from Earnings Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Winters, John V.

2016-01-01

This study reports descriptive data on earnings differences for practicing lawyers by undergraduate major with a focus on economics majors. Some majors do much better than others. Economics majors tend to do very well in both median and mean earnings. Electrical engineering, accounting, finance, and some other majors also do relatively well. This…

76 FR 45006 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-27

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Monday, September 26, 2011, at 3 p.m...

E-Learning Strategy for Earning Learners

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Singaravelu, G.

2011-01-01

The study enlightens the effectiveness of e-learning strategy in learning English among the in-service teachers who are studying B.Ed in School of Distance Education, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore. E-learning strategy is a life long learning strategy for earning in-service teachers. It is a strategy of remaining in employment, which can be…

76 FR 56879 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-09-14

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Monday, October 24, 2011, at 3 p.m. Eastern Time...

76 FR 6188 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-02-03

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Monday, March 28, 2011, at 2 p.m., Eastern...

76 FR 63716 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-13

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Monday, November 28, 2011, at 3 p.m. Eastern Time...

Does Human Capital Investment Impact the Earning Mobility of the Near Poor?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Karasik, Bradley

2012-01-01

This secondary analysis of the earning mobility of the near poor examined the impact of human capital investment on the earning mobility of the near poor between 2005 and 2009. The theory framing this study is Human Capital Theory (Shultz, 1961). Other demographic and socioeconomic variables were included in this study to further explore factors…

The Impact of Advanced Vocational Education and Training on Earnings in Sweden

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Andersson, Roland; Nabavi, Pardis; Wilhelmsson, Mats

2014-01-01

Researchers have established a relationship between greater education and training and higher earnings but it is difficult to infer that the former causes the latter if those with higher earnings tend to engage in more education and training. The present study attempts to control for ability and family background to see if stronger inferences can…

Enterprise Bargaining and the Gender Earnings Gap.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Wooden, Mark

1997-01-01

Examination of the widening gender earnings gap in Australia indicates that women's wages continue to lag behind those of men. The main factor appears to be women's concentration in part-time work in enterprises where bargaining is less likely to occur. (JOW)

26 CFR 1.1248-8 - Earnings and profits attributable to stock following certain non-recognition transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... of this section. (5) Reduction in earnings and profits attributable to stock to prevent multiple... reduce the CFC3 earnings and profits attributable to its CFC2 stock by $9. These reductions occur without... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Earnings and profits attributable to stock...

75 FR 11998 - Open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Issue Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-03-12

... Earned Income Tax Credit Issue Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of Meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Issue... Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Issue Committee will be held Tuesday, April 20, 2010 from 8 a.m. to...

Relative changes in earned income five years after diagnosis with diabetes: A register based study 1996-2012.

PubMed

Cleal, Bryan; Panton, Ulrik Haagen; Willaing, Ingrid; Holt, Richard I G

2017-10-01

With previous studies indicating that diabetes affects employment status and lifetime earnings, the aim of this study was to determine the impact on earnings in the immediate period after diagnosis. Recognising that earnings and employment status are dynamic over the life course, we matched people with diabetes to counterparts in the general population and compared nominal growth in earned income five calendar years after diagnosis. The study draws upon Danish population registers. Residents aged 25-62years between 1996 and 2007 were included in the study. We identified an individually matched control group from approximately 2,800,000 'diabetes-free' Danish adults using propensity score matching. Matching was based on age, gender, residence, earned income, growth in earned income, and unemployment in the calendar year before diagnosis. 91,090 people with diabetes were included in the study and matched to 91,090 controls in the general population. The analysis revealed highly significant loss of earnings for people with diabetes when compared with people without diabetes, with an overall relative loss of US $ 3694 (8.01%) among men and US $ 924 (3.03%) among women. The effect was generally largest in the youngest age-group, in lower earners and among men. The results clearly indicate that a diagnosis of diabetes has a significant impact on earnings. Age and earnings at the time of diagnosis appear to play a moderating role. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

The Earnings of Community College Graduates in California. A CAPSEE Working Paper

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bahr, Peter Riley

2016-01-01

In this study, I draw on longitudinal data for 1.1 million students in California to estimate the effects of community college credentials on students' earnings, as compared with students who are not awarded a credential. In contrast to much of the recent work on this subject, which assumed that the effects of credentials on students' earnings are…

Labor Market Experiences after Postsecondary Education: Earnings and Other Outcomes of Florida's Postsecondary Graduates and Completers

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Schneider, Mark

2015-01-01

This report results from a partnership between the State of Florida and College Measures. It focuses on the median first-year earnings of recent graduates and completers from Florida's public postsecondary educational institutions: SUS, FCS, and DTCs. The report documents the variation in first-year earnings for completers who earned degrees or…

The life-cycle argument: age as a mediator of pharmacists' earnings.

PubMed

Carvajal, Manuel J; Armayor, Graciela M

2015-01-01

Age diversity poses challenges to pharmacy employers and managers. A life-cycle argument has been presented to explain pharmacists' age-related differences at work. Explore responses of pharmacists' wage-and-salary earnings in three age groups (younger than 40, 40-54 years, and 55 years plus) to labor input and human-capital variables. A survey questionnaire was mailed to registered pharmacists in South Florida, USA. An earnings function was formulated and tested, using ordinary least squares, for each age group separately to compare the direction, magnitude, and statistical significance of each determinant on earnings. The covariates were number of hours worked, type of pharmacy degree, years of professional experience, gender, number of children, and whether the pharmacist had completed a residency and/or attained a specialty board certification. The model showed better fit and statistical significance for practitioners under 40 and 55 years or older. The number of hours worked was the overwhelming determinant, but the magnitude of its influence was different for the three age groups. Human-capital indicators provided evidence in support of the life-cycle argument. The wage-and-salary earnings of pharmacy practitioners were mediated by age group in their response to labor input and human-capital variables. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Telecommuting and Earnings Trajectories Among American Women and Men 1989-2008.

PubMed

Glass, Jennifer L; Noonan, Mary C

2016-09-01

While flexibility in the location of work hours has shown positive organizational effects on productivity and retention, less is known about the earnings effects of telecommuting. We analyze weekly hours spent working from home using the 1989-2008 panels of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth. We describe the demographic and occupational characteristics of the employees engaged in telecommuting, then track their earnings growth with fixed-effects models, focusing on gender and parental status. Results show substantial variation in the earnings effects of telecommuting based on the point in the hours distribution worked from home. Working from home rather than the office produces equal earnings growth in the first 40 hours worked, but "taking work home" or overtime telecommuting yields significantly smaller increases than overtime worked on-site. Yet most observed telecommuting occurs precisely during this low-yield overtime portion of the hours distribution. Few gender or parental status differences emerged in these processes. These trends reflect potentially widespread negative consequences of the growing capacity of workers to perform their work from any location. Rather than enhancing true flexibility in when and where employees work, the capacity to work from home mostly extends the work day and encroaches into what was formerly home and family time.

An evaluation of the construct of earned security in adolescents: evidence from an inpatient sample.

PubMed

Venta, Amanda; Sharp, Carla; Shmueli-Goetz, Yael; Newlin, Elizabeth

2015-01-01

In adult attachment research, a group of individuals who convey secure attachments despite recalling difficult early caregiver relationships has been identified. The term earned security refers to individuals in this group, whereas continuous security refers to individuals who convey secure attachments and describe caring early relationships. Evidence on the validity of earned security in adults is mixed--with one longitudinal study showing that earned secure adults, despite contrary recollections, are actually more likely to have experienced positive caregiving than continuous secure adults. There is currently no evidence of earned security in adolescence, and exploring it in this age group may help shed light on the overall problem of the validity of this construct. Therefore, the broad aim of this study was to examine the construct of earned security in a group of inpatient adolescents. First, the authors aimed to identify a group of adolescents with secure attachments and memories of difficult caregiver relationships (i.e., proposed earned secure group) in a sample of 240 inpatient adolescents. Next, to explore external validity, the authors examined whether this group differed from others with regard to internalizing distress and emotion regulation. Findings indicated that a subset of secure adolescents recall difficult caregiving, as has been noted in adults, and that they differ from others with regard to emotion regulation. Despite this preliminary evidence that earned security can be identified in adolescents, the authors conclude with a discussion of the caveats of applying this construct in adolescents as well as adults.

45 CFR 1611.9 - Retainer agreements.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... 45 Public Welfare 4 2014-10-01 2014-10-01 false Retainer agreements. 1611.9 Section 1611.9 Public... ELIGIBILITY § 1611.9 Retainer agreements. (a) When a recipient provides extended service to a client, the recipient shall execute a written retainer agreement with the client. The retainer agreement shall be...

Double Jeopardy? The Interaction of Gender and Race on Earnings in the U.S

PubMed Central

Greenman, Emily; Xie, Yu

2015-01-01

There are sizeable earnings differentials by both gender and race in the U.S. labor market, with women earning less than men and most racial/ethnic minority groups earning less than whites. It has been proposed in the previous literature that the effects of gender and race on earnings are additive, so that minority women suffer the full disadvantage of each status. We test this proposition for a broad range of minority groups in the U.S. We find that women of all minority groups in the U.S. suffer a smaller gender penalty than white women. Exploring the potential role of racial variation in gender role specialization in producing such differentials, we find some empirical evidence suggesting that white families specialize more than families of most other races. PMID:26543256

12 CFR 615.5215 - Distribution of earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

....5215 Banks and Banking FARM CREDIT ADMINISTRATION FARM CREDIT SYSTEM FUNDING AND FISCAL AFFAIRS, LOAN POLICIES AND OPERATIONS, AND FUNDING OPERATIONS Capital Adequacy § 615.5215 Distribution of earnings. The boards of directors of System institutions may not reduce the permanent capital of the institution...

Spin bearing retainer design optimization

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Boesiger, Edward A.; Warner, Mark H.

1991-01-01

The dynamics behavior of spin bearings for momentum wheels (control-moment gyroscope, reaction wheel assembly) is critical to satellite stability and life. Repeated bearing retainer instabilities hasten lubricant deterioration and can lead to premature bearing failure and/or unacceptable vibration. These instabilities are typically distinguished by increases in torque, temperature, audible noise, and vibration induced by increases into the bearing cartridge. Ball retainer design can be optimized to minimize these occurrences. A retainer was designed using a previously successful smaller retainer as an example. Analytical methods were then employed to predict its behavior and optimize its configuration.

26 CFR 1.852-5 - Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Regulated Investment Companies and Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.852-5 Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company. (a) Any regulated... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a regulated investment...

26 CFR 1.852-5 - Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Regulated Investment Companies and Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.852-5 Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company. (a) Any regulated... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a regulated investment...

26 CFR 1.852-5 - Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Regulated Investment Companies and Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.852-5 Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company. (a) Any regulated investment... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a regulated investment...

26 CFR 1.852-5 - Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Regulated Investment Companies and Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.852-5 Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company. (a) Any regulated... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a regulated investment...

26 CFR 1.852-5 - Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Regulated Investment Companies and Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.852-5 Earnings and profits of a regulated investment company. (a) Any regulated... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a regulated investment...

Panel Estimates of Male-Female Earnings Functions.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kim, Moon-Kak; Polachek, Solomon W.

1994-01-01

Application of single and simultaneous equation fixed-effects and random-effects shows that earnings appreciation with experience and depreciation with labor market interruptions are comparable for men and women. Adjusting for heterogeneity reduces the wage gap to 20%; adjusting for endogeneity reduces it nearly to zero. (SK)

75 FR 63514 - Agency Information Collection Activities: Submission to OMB for Review; Comment Request

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-15

... be required to develop and submit a retained earnings accumulation plan. The rule generally requires... hours = 1,000 hours. Retained earnings accumulation Plans: 3 corporates x 50 hours = 150 hours. Notice... imposes new requirements concerning the use of nationally recognized statistical rating agencies, which...

Measurement error in earnings data: Using a mixture model approach to combine survey and register data.

PubMed

Meijer, Erik; Rohwedder, Susann; Wansbeek, Tom

2012-01-01

Survey data on earnings tend to contain measurement error. Administrative data are superior in principle, but they are worthless in case of a mismatch. We develop methods for prediction in mixture factor analysis models that combine both data sources to arrive at a single earnings figure. We apply the methods to a Swedish data set. Our results show that register earnings data perform poorly if there is a (small) probability of a mismatch. Survey earnings data are more reliable, despite their measurement error. Predictors that combine both and take conditional class probabilities into account outperform all other predictors.

Does cancer in a child affect parents' employment and earnings? A population-based study.

PubMed

Syse, Astri; Larsen, Inger Kristin; Tretli, Steinar

2011-06-01

Cancer in a child may adversely affect parents' work opportunities due to enlarged care burdens and/or altered priorities. Few studies exist, and possible effects on parental employment and earnings were therefore explored. Data on the entire Norwegian population aged 27-65 with children under the age of 20 in 1990-2002 (N=1.2 million) was retrieved from national registries. Employment rates for parents of 3263 children with cancer were compared to those of parents with children without cancer by means of logistic regression models. Log-linear regression models were used to explore childhood cancer's effect on parental earnings for the large majority of parents who remained employed. Cancer in a child was in general not associated with a reduced risk of employment, although some exceptions exist among both mothers and fathers. For employed mothers, CNS cancers, germinal cell cancers, and unspecified leukemia were associated with significant reductions in earnings (10%, 21%, and 60%, respectively). Reductions were particularly pronounced for mothers with a young and alive child, and became more pronounced with time elapsed from diagnosis. Fathers' earnings were not affected significantly. Parents' employment is not adversely affected by a child's cancer in Norway. Earnings are reduced in certain instances, but the overall effects are minor. Generous welfare options and flexible labor markets typical for Nordic welfare states may account for this. In line with traditional caregiving responsibilities, reductions in earnings were most pronounced for mothers. Copyright © 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Discrimination versus specialization: a survey of economic studies on sexual orientation, gender and earnings in the United States.

PubMed

Schmitt, Elizabeth Dunne

2008-01-01

Several studies examine the link between sexual orientation and earnings using large data sets that distinguish sexual orientation through questions about sexual behavior and/or by allowing respondents to self-identify as part of a same-sex cohabitating couple. After controlling for other earnings-related characteristics these studies generally show an earnings penalty for gay/bisexual men relative to heterosexual men and an earnings premium for lesbian/bisexual women relative to heterosexual women. Explanations for this gender disparity include gender differences in sexual orientation discrimination, greater labor force attachment for lesbian/bisexual women, and the effects of the overall gender earnings gap.

Is the gap more than gender? A longitudinal analysis of gender, gender role orientation, and earnings.

PubMed

Judge, Timothy A; Livingston, Beth A

2008-09-01

This study investigated the relationships among gender, gender role orientation (i.e., attitudes toward the gendered separation of roles at work and at home), and earnings. A multilevel model was conceptualized in which gender role orientation and earnings were within-individual variables that fluctuate over time (although predictors of between-individual differences in gender role orientation were also considered). Results indicated that whereas traditional gender role orientation was positively related to earnings, gender significantly predicted the slope of this relationship: Traditional gender role orientation was strongly positively associated with earnings for men; it was slightly negatively associated with earnings for women. Occupational segregation partly explained these gender differences. Overall, the results suggest that although gender role attitudes are becoming less traditional for men and for women, traditional gender role orientation continues to exacerbate the gender wage gap.

Economics of Education and Work Life Demand in Terms of Earnings and Skills

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xia, Belle Selene; Liitiäinen, Elia

2014-01-01

This article uses data from a major international survey to construct earnings functions in terms of learning outcomes and variables related to working life in different European countries. In order to complement the extended earnings regression model, the authors have used partial correlation analysis and the analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) to…

Is child labor harmful? The impact of working earlier in life on adult earnings.

PubMed

Emerson, Patrick M; Souza, André Portela

2011-01-01

This paper explores the question: is working as a child harmful to an individual in terms of adult outcomes in earnings? Although this is an extremely important question, little is known about the effect of child labor on adult outcomes. Estimations of an instrumental variables earnings model on data from Brazil show that child labor has a large negative impact on adult earnings for male children even when controlling for schooling and that the negative impact of starting to work as a child reverses at around ages 12–14.

Ethnic enclaves revisited: Effects on earnings of migrant workers in China

PubMed Central

Zhang, Chunni; Xie, Yu

2018-01-01

Among rural-to-urban migrants, migrant workers from the same origins tend to concentrate in the same workplaces. When this concentration in a workplace is sufficiently dense, we may consider it a native-place enclave. According to a large literature on U.S. immigrants, enclave participation may improve the economic well-being of immigrants. This study borrows the same reasoning to evaluate whether or not working in a native-place enclave affects earnings of migrant workers in urban China. We pay particular attention to heterogeneity not only in how migrants who work in an enclave may differ from those who choose to work in the open economy but also in varying earnings returns to enclave participation across different groups of migrant workers. Using data from a 2010 survey of migrant workers in the Pearl River Delta and the Yangzi River Delta, we match enclave workers and non-enclave workers with the same propensity to work in an enclave and then compare their earnings differences. We find a positive average earnings return to enclave participation, although this effect is smaller than that resulting from a naïve comparison. Moreover, we find that migrants with a high propensity to work in an enclave benefit more from enclave participation than those with a low propensity. Our findings generally support the enclave thesis and its role in internal migration in China. PMID:29854419

Torque resistance of different stainless steel wires commonly used for fixed retainers in orthodontics.

PubMed

Arnold, Dario T; Dalstra, Michel; Verna, Carlalberta

2016-06-01

Movements of teeth splinted by fixed retention wires after orthodontic treatment have been observed. The aetiological factors for these movements are unknown. The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the resistance to torque of different stainless steel wires commonly used for fixed retainers in orthodontics. Torquing moments acting on a retainer wire were measured in a mechanical force testing system by applying buccal crown torque to an upper lateral incisor in both a 3-teeth and in a 2-teeth setup. Seven stainless steel wires with different shape, type (plain, braided, coaxial, or chain) and dimensions were selected for this study. For a torquing angle of 16.2° in the 3-teeth setup torsion moments can vary between 390 cNmm and 3299 cNmm depending on the retainer wire. For the 2-teeth setup the torsion moments are much smaller. Exposure to the flame of a butane-gas torch for 10 seconds to anneal the wire reduces the stiffness of the retainer wire. Clinicians must select wires for fixed retainers very carefully since the difference in resistance to torque is large. A high level of torque control can be achieved with a plain 0.016 × 0.016-inch or a braided 0.016 × 0.022-inch stainless steel wire. A tooth attached by a retainer wire to only one neighbouring tooth is less resistant to torque than a tooth connected to two neighbouring teeth. Annealing a retainer wire with a flame reduces the stiffness of the wire markedly and can lead to a non-uniform and non-reproducible effect.

Women's Entry into Management: Trends in Earnings, Authority, and Valued among Salaried Managers.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobs, Jerry A.

1992-01-01

Earnings and authority differentials between male and female managers are analyzed with data from three sources for the period between 1970 and 1988. Results indicate that the sex gap in earnings among managers narrowed during this period, whereas the gap in authority remained constant. The implication of these results for theories of internal…

A Longitudinal Analysis of Family Migration and the Gender Gap in Earnings in the United States and Great Britain

PubMed Central

COOKE, THOMAS J.; BOYLE, PAUL; COUCH, KENNETH; FEIJTEN, PETEKE

2009-01-01

This article uses longitudinal data for the United States and Great Britain to examine the impact of residential mobility and childbirth on the earnings of women, their family earnings, and the related division of earnings by gender. This project is the first to compare explicitly the impact of childbirth and family migration on women’s earnings, and it extends prior cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on isolated countries by providing a direct contrast between two major industrialized nations, using comparable measures. The results indicate that families respond in similar ways in both countries to migration and childbirth. In response to both migration and childbirth, women’s earnings fall at the time of the event and recover slowly afterward, but the magnitude of the impact is roughly twice as large for childbirth as for migration. However, migration—but not the birth of a child—is also associated with a significant increase in total family earnings because of increased husbands’ earnings. As a result, the effect of migration on the relative earnings of wives to husbands is similar to the effect of childbirth. These results suggest that family migration should be given consideration in the literature on the gender earnings gap. PMID:19348113

42 CFR 137.66 - May a Self-Governance Tribe keep interest earned on statutorily mandated grant funds?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... 42 Public Health 1 2010-10-01 2010-10-01 false May a Self-Governance Tribe keep interest earned on...-GOVERNANCE Statutorily Mandated Grants § 137.66 May a Self-Governance Tribe keep interest earned on statutorily mandated grant funds? Yes, a Self-Governance Tribe may keep Interest Earned on Statutorily...

RESTOP: Retaining External Peripheral State in Intermittently-Powered Sensor Systems.

PubMed

Rodriguez Arreola, Alberto; Balsamo, Domenico; Merrett, Geoff V; Weddell, Alex S

2018-01-10

Energy harvesting sensor systems typically incorporate energy buffers (e.g., rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors) to accommodate fluctuations in supply. However, the presence of these elements limits the miniaturization of devices. In recent years, researchers have proposed a new paradigm, transient computing, where systems operate directly from the energy harvesting source and allow computation to span across power cycles, without adding energy buffers. Various transient computing approaches have addressed the challenge of power intermittency by retaining the processor's state using non-volatile memory. However, no generic approach has yet been proposed to retain the state of peripherals external to the processing element. This paper proposes RESTOP, flexible middleware which retains the state of multiple external peripherals that are connected to a computing element (i.e., a microcontroller) through protocols such as SPI or I 2 C. RESTOP acts as an interface between the main application and the peripheral, which keeps a record, at run-time, of the transmitted data in order to restore peripheral configuration after a power interruption. RESTOP is practically implemented and validated using three digitally interfaced peripherals, successfully restoring their configuration after power interruptions, imposing a maximum time overhead of 15% when configuring a peripheral. However, this represents an overhead of only 0.82% during complete execution of our typical sensing application, which is substantially lower than existing approaches.

RESTOP: Retaining External Peripheral State in Intermittently-Powered Sensor Systems

PubMed Central

Rodriguez Arreola, Alberto; Balsamo, Domenico

2018-01-01

Energy harvesting sensor systems typically incorporate energy buffers (e.g., rechargeable batteries and supercapacitors) to accommodate fluctuations in supply. However, the presence of these elements limits the miniaturization of devices. In recent years, researchers have proposed a new paradigm, transient computing, where systems operate directly from the energy harvesting source and allow computation to span across power cycles, without adding energy buffers. Various transient computing approaches have addressed the challenge of power intermittency by retaining the processor’s state using non-volatile memory. However, no generic approach has yet been proposed to retain the state of peripherals external to the processing element. This paper proposes RESTOP, flexible middleware which retains the state of multiple external peripherals that are connected to a computing element (i.e., a microcontroller) through protocols such as SPI or I2C. RESTOP acts as an interface between the main application and the peripheral, which keeps a record, at run-time, of the transmitted data in order to restore peripheral configuration after a power interruption. RESTOP is practically implemented and validated using three digitally interfaced peripherals, successfully restoring their configuration after power interruptions, imposing a maximum time overhead of 15% when configuring a peripheral. However, this represents an overhead of only 0.82% during complete execution of our typical sensing application, which is substantially lower than existing approaches. PMID:29320441

Risk factors for retained placenta.

PubMed

Coviello, Elizabeth M; Grantz, Katherine L; Huang, Chun-Chih; Kelly, Tara E; Landy, Helain J

2015-12-01

Retained placenta complicates 2-3% of vaginal deliveries and is a known cause of postpartum hemorrhage. Treatment includes manual or operative placental extraction, potentially increasing risks of hemorrhage, infections, and prolonged hospital stays. We sought to evaluate risk factors for retained placenta, defined as more than 30 minutes between the delivery of the fetus and placenta, in a large US obstetrical cohort. We included singleton, vaginal deliveries ≥24 weeks (n = 91,291) from the Consortium of Safe Labor from 12 US institutions (2002-2008). Multivariable logistic regression analyses estimated the adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for potential risk factors for retained placenta stratified by parity, adjusting for relevant confounding factors. Characteristics such as stillbirth, maternal age, race, and admission body mass index were examined. Retained placenta complicated 1047 vaginal deliveries (1.12%). Regardless of parity, significant predictors of retained placenta included stillbirth (nulliparous adjusted OR, 5.67; 95% CI, 3.10-10.37; multiparous adjusted OR, 4.56; 95% CI, 2.08-9.94), maternal age ≥30 years, delivery at 24 0/7 to 27 6/7 compared with 34 weeks or later and delivery in a teaching hospital. In nulliparous women, additional risk factors were identified: longer first- or second-stage labor duration, whereas non-Hispanic black compared with non-Hispanic white race was found to be protective. Body mass index was not associated with an increased risk. Multiple risk factors for retained placenta were identified, particularly the strong association with stillbirth. It is plausible that there could be something intrinsic about stillbirth that causes a retained placenta, or perhaps there are shared pathways of certain etiologies of stillbirth and a risk of retained placenta. Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Higher Education, Productivity, and Earnings: A Review.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Pencavel, John

1991-01-01

Provides a review of research on the contribution of education to the organization and productivity of a nation's resources. Focuses on what is known about the particular contribution of higher education to U.S. economic growth. Discusses the relationship between earnings and additional schooling. Concludes that increased education probably has…

The Growth of Protestantism in Brazil and Its Impact on Male Earnings, 1970–2000

PubMed Central

Potter, Joseph E.; Amaral, Ernesto F. L.; Woodberry, Robert D.

2015-01-01

Protestantism has expanded rapidly in Brazil in recent decades. The question we tackle in this paper is whether Protestantism has had a positive influence on male earnings in this setting, either through its influence on health and productivity, by way of social networks or employer favor and reduced discrimination, or through other mechanisms. We tackle the problem of the selectivity of religious conversion and affiliation using microdata from the Brazilian censuses of 1970, 1980, 1991, and 2000, and analyzing the association between Protestantism and earnings at the group rather than the individual level. Our results show a strong association between the proportion of Protestants in a region, and the earnings of men in one educational group: those with less than five years of education. Upon introducing race into our models, we found that the association between religion and the earnings of less educated men is concentrated in regions in which there is a substantial non-white population. The relationships we have uncovered contribute to the literature on racial inequality and discrimination in Brazil, which to date has given little space to the role of religion in moderating the pernicious effect of race on economic outcomes in Brazil. The substantial association we found between religion and earnings contrasts with much of the research that has been carried out on the influence of religion on earnings in the United States. PMID:26146415

26 CFR 1.1248-2 - Earnings and profits attributable to a block of stock in simple cases.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... earnings and profits of the corporation accumulated for the taxable year (computed without any reduction... 26 Internal Revenue 11 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Earnings and profits attributable to a block of... Determining Capital Gains and Losses § 1.1248-2 Earnings and profits attributable to a block of stock in...

Pension-Spiking, Free-Riding, and the Effects of Pension Reform on Teachers’ Earnings*

PubMed Central

Fitzpatrick, Maria D.

2017-01-01

In many states, local school districts are responsible for setting the earnings that determines the size of pensions, but are not required to make contributions to cover the resulting state pension fund liabilities. In this paper, I document evidence that this intergovernmental incentive inherent in public sector defined benefit pension systems distorts the amount and timing of income for public school teachers. I use the introduction of a policy that required experience-rating on earnings increases above a certain limit in a differences-in-differences framework to identify whether districts are willing to pay the full costs of their earnings promises. Because of the design of the policy, overall earnings of teachers near retirement did not change. Instead, districts that previously provided one-time pay increases shifted to smaller increments spread out over several years. In addition, some districts that did not practice pension-spiking prior to the reform appear to begin providing payments up to the new, lower limit, perhaps due to increased salience of the fiscal incentive. Therefore, the policy was ineffective at decreasing pension costs. PMID:28983134

Occupational segregation and earnings inequality: Rural migrants and local workers in urban China.

PubMed

Zhang, Zhuoni; Wu, Xiaogang

2017-01-01

This article examines the central role of occupation as the "reward packages" in creating earnings disparities between rural migrants and local workers in urban China's labor markets. Analyses of data from the population mini-census of China in 2005 show that, rural migrants' earnings disadvantages are largely attributable to occupational segregation (between-occupation variation) by workers' household registration status (hukou) rather than unequal pay within the same occupations, but surprisingly they enjoy a slight earnings advantage in lower-status occupations (within-occupation variation). Even after controlling for education and other characteristics, occupational segregation by hukou status continues to exist. The occupational segregation is the most severe in government agencies/state institutions and the least severe in the private sector, leading to earnings disparities between rural migrants and urban local workers in different work unit sectors. Our findings shed new light on how government discriminatory policies could affect occupational segregation and thereby create inequality among social groups in urban China. Copyright © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Pension-Spiking, Free-Riding, and the Effects of Pension Reform on Teachers' Earnings.

PubMed

Fitzpatrick, Maria D

2017-04-01

In many states, local school districts are responsible for setting the earnings that determines the size of pensions, but are not required to make contributions to cover the resulting state pension fund liabilities. In this paper, I document evidence that this intergovernmental incentive inherent in public sector defined benefit pension systems distorts the amount and timing of income for public school teachers. I use the introduction of a policy that required experience-rating on earnings increases above a certain limit in a differences-in-differences framework to identify whether districts are willing to pay the full costs of their earnings promises. Because of the design of the policy, overall earnings of teachers near retirement did not change. Instead, districts that previously provided one-time pay increases shifted to smaller increments spread out over several years. In addition, some districts that did not practice pension-spiking prior to the reform appear to begin providing payments up to the new, lower limit, perhaps due to increased salience of the fiscal incentive. Therefore, the policy was ineffective at decreasing pension costs.

Cement-retained versus screw-retained implant restorations: a critical review.

PubMed

Michalakis, Konstantinos X; Hirayama, Hiroshi; Garefis, Pavlos D

2003-01-01

This article presents a comparison of screw-retained and cement-retained implant prostheses based on the literature. The advantages, disadvantages, and limitations of the 2 different types of restorations are discussed, because it is important to understand the influence of the attachment mechanism on many clinical aspects of implant dentistry. Several factors essential to the long-term success of any implant prosthesis were reviewed with regard to both methods of fixation. These factors include: (1) ease of fabrication and cost, (2) passivity of the framework, (3) retention, (4) occlusion, (5) esthetics, (6) delivery, and (7) retrievability. (More than 50 references).

Multilevel Analysis of the Effects of Antidiscrimination Policies on Earnings by Sexual Orientation

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klawitter, Marieka

2011-01-01

This study uses the 2000 U.S. Census data to assess the impact of antidiscrimination policies for sexual orientation on earnings for gays and lesbians. Using a multilevel model allows estimation of the effects of state and local policies on earnings and of variation in the effects of sexual orientation across local labor markets. The results…

Education and Synthetic Work-Life Earnings Estimates. American Community Survey Reports. ACS-14

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Julian, Tiffany; Kominski, Robert

2011-01-01

The relationship between education and earnings is a long-analyzed topic of study. Generally, there is a strong belief that achievement of higher levels of education is a well established path to better jobs and better earnings. This report provides one view of the economic value of educational attainment by producing an estimate of the amount of…

Implications of Higher Education on Earnings: An Empirical Analysis of Skills and Competence

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Xia, Belle Selene; Liitiäinen, Elia

2016-01-01

One of the central topics in the research of higher education is the degree of match between education and work as measured by earnings. Traditional literature has shown the correlation between the duration of studies and earnings in the work life. The authors' present study aims to enlarge this scope by evaluating the impact of competence and…

76 FR 65536 - Notice Pursuant to the National Cooperative Research and Production Act of 1993; IMS Global...

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-10-21

... DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Antitrust Division Notice Pursuant to the National Cooperative Research and Production Act of 1993; IMS Global Learning Consortium, Inc. Correction In notice document 2011-26426... same column, in the forth paragraph, in the first line, ``earning'' should read ``Learning''. [FR Doc...

EARNINGS IN THE MACHINERY INDUSTRIES, MID-1966.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

BAUER, FREDERICK L.

RESULTS OF A MID-1966 NATIONWIDE SURVEY BY THE BUREAU OF LABOR STATISTICS SHOWED THAT THE EARNINGS OF PRODUCTION AND RELATED NONELECTRICAL MACHINERY WORKERS IN 21 LARGE OCCUPATIONAL AREAS VARIED BY OCCUPATION, SIZE OF ESTABLISHMENT, AND COMMUNITY, INDUSTRY, LABOR-MANAGEMENT CONTRACT STATUS, AND LOCATION. THE AVERAGE HOURLY WAGE WAS $2.84. HIGHER…

Ethnicity, Education, and Earnings in Bolivia and Guatemala.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Psacharopoulos, George

1993-01-01

In Guatemala and Bolivia, countries with high proportions of ethnic (Native) population, indigenous workers had lower educational attainment and earned less at every educational level, relative to nonindigenous workers. The differences between ethnic groups were greater in Guatemala than Bolivia. (SV)

20 CFR 404.1091 - Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1091 Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of... § 404.1023 (c) and (e). In figuring your net earnings from self-employment from performing these...

20 CFR 404.1091 - Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1091 Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of... § 404.1023 (c) and (e). In figuring your net earnings from self-employment from performing these...

20 CFR 404.1091 - Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1091 Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of... § 404.1023 (c) and (e). In figuring your net earnings from self-employment from performing these...

20 CFR 404.1091 - Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1091 Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of... § 404.1023 (c) and (e). In figuring your net earnings from self-employment from performing these...

20 CFR 404.1091 - Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of religious orders.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... FEDERAL OLD-AGE, SURVIVORS AND DISABILITY INSURANCE (1950- ) Employment, Wages, Self-Employment, and Self-Employment Income Self-Employment Income § 404.1091 Figuring net earnings for ministers and members of... § 404.1023 (c) and (e). In figuring your net earnings from self-employment from performing these...

77 FR 34414 - Submission for Review: Annuitant's Report of Earned Income, RI 30-2

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2012-06-11

.... SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: RI 30-2 is used annually to determine if disability retirees under age 60 have earned... OFFICE OF PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT Submission for Review: Annuitant's Report of Earned Income, RI 30-2... of functions of the agency, including whether the information will have practical utility; 2...

Telecommuting and Earnings Trajectories Among American Women and Men 1989–2008

PubMed Central

Glass, Jennifer L.; Noonan, Mary C.

2016-01-01

While flexibility in the location of work hours has shown positive organizational effects on productivity and retention, less is known about the earnings effects of telecommuting. We analyze weekly hours spent working from home using the 1989–2008 panels of the National Longitudinal Study of Youth. We describe the demographic and occupational characteristics of the employees engaged in telecommuting, then track their earnings growth with fixed-effects models, focusing on gender and parental status. Results show substantial variation in the earnings effects of telecommuting based on the point in the hours distribution worked from home. Working from home rather than the office produces equal earnings growth in the first 40 hours worked, but “taking work home” or overtime telecommuting yields significantly smaller increases than overtime worked on-site. Yet most observed telecommuting occurs precisely during this low-yield overtime portion of the hours distribution. Few gender or parental status differences emerged in these processes. These trends reflect potentially widespread negative consequences of the growing capacity of workers to perform their work from any location. Rather than enhancing true flexibility in when and where employees work, the capacity to work from home mostly extends the work day and encroaches into what was formerly home and family time. PMID:27833214

Economic Concentration and the Federal Tax Code,

DTIC Science & Technology

1984-09-01

Special Analysis G. 0 ...-..... . . . .~....... 677 777 ".47- śf . -2- Retained Earnings: The divergence of the individual from the corporate income tax rate...up to a 38.5 percent tax on S retained earnings. After paying corporate income tax on their income, firms may distribute their earnings to shareholders...months) over net short-term capital losses. They are taxed at the regular corporate income tax rate on the excess of net short-term capital gains over

The Earnings Ladder. Who's at the Bottom? Who's at the Top? Statistical Brief.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Bureau of the Census (DOC), Washington, DC. Economics and Statistics Administration.

Data collected by the March Current Population Survey were used to identify which groups of year-round, full-time civilian workers aged 16 and older were most likely to be at the top and bottom of the earnings ladder. Women, young workers, less-educated individuals, and Hispanics were most likely to earn less than $13,091 (1992 constant dollars),…

Gender Differences in Employment and Earnings in Science and Engineering in the US

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Graham, J.W.; Smith, S.A.

2005-01-01

College-educated women are less than half as likely as men to be employed in science and engineering (S&E); and if they are, earn about 20 percent less. Using data from the 1993 National Survey of College Graduates, we estimate jointly, determinants of S&E employment and earnings in both S&E and non-S&E jobs. Taking account of gender differences…

29 CFR 2509.75-9 - Interpretive bulletin relating to guidelines on independence of accountant retained by Employee...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... independence of accountant retained by Employee Benefit Plan. 2509.75-9 Section 2509.75-9 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR GENERAL INTERPRETIVE BULLETINS RELATING TO THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974 § 2509.75-9 Interpretive...

29 CFR 2509.75-9 - Interpretive bulletin relating to guidelines on independence of accountant retained by Employee...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... independence of accountant retained by Employee Benefit Plan. 2509.75-9 Section 2509.75-9 Labor Regulations Relating to Labor (Continued) EMPLOYEE BENEFITS SECURITY ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR GENERAL INTERPRETIVE BULLETINS RELATING TO THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974 § 2509.75-9 Interpretive...

20 CFR 225.4 - Limitation on amount of earnings used to compute a PIA.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... compute a PIA. 225.4 Section 225.4 Employees' Benefits RAILROAD RETIREMENT BOARD REGULATIONS UNDER THE... earnings used to compute a PIA. Certain PIA's used by the Board are based on a combination of compensation... purposes of crediting earnings when computing any PIA, compensation is always treated as wages. Regardless...

5 CFR 839.1002 - Will OPM compute the lost earnings if my qualifying retirement coverage error was previously...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... 5 Administrative Personnel 2 2010-01-01 2010-01-01 false Will OPM compute the lost earnings if my... compute the lost earnings if my qualifying retirement coverage error was previously corrected and I made... coverage error was previously corrected, OPM will compute the lost earnings on your make-up contributions...

Gender Segregation in Fields of Study at Community Colleges and Implications for Future Earnings. Fact Sheet #C395

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Moughari, Layla; Gunn-Wright, Rhiana; Gault, Barbara

2012-01-01

Postsecondary education yields myriad benefits, including increased earnings potential, higher lifetime wages, and access to quality jobs. But postsecondary degrees are not all equal in the benefits they bring to students, and women tend to obtain degrees in fields with lower earnings. Women with associate degrees earn approximately 75 percent of…

The Earnings Gap Between Women and Men.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Women's Bureau (DOL), Washington, DC.

Differences between the earnings of men and women suggest that women are being paid less for doing the same job. Factors that attribute to the wage differences are (1) women are concentrated in those occupations which are less skilled and in which wages are relatively low, (2) women working on full-time schedules tend to work less overtime than…

Earned Degrees Conferred: 1969-70 Summary Data.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hooper, Mary Evans

This document presents a report of earned degrees conferred by institutions of higher education in the United States in 1969-1970. Some of the highlights of the report include: (1) 1,072,581 degrees were conferred at the bachelor's and higher levels at 1,617 institutions; (2) publically controlled institutions awarded 65% of all degrees; (3)…

Japan's Teachers Earn Tenure on Day One

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ahn, Ruth; Asanuma, Shigeru; Mori, Hisayoshi

2016-01-01

Teachers in Japan earn tenure on their first day of employment--not after two years of experience based on evaluations of teaching performance or student test scores. This is almost too good to be true. If tenure is so easy to attain, how do the Japanese make sure their teachers, especially novice teachers hired with little teaching experience,…

Medical Expenditures and Earnings Losses Among US Adults With Arthritis in 2013.

PubMed

Murphy, Louise B; Cisternas, Miriam G; Pasta, David J; Helmick, Charles G; Yelin, Edward H

2018-06-01

We estimated the economic impact of arthritis using 2013 US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data. We calculated arthritis-attributable and all-cause medical expenditures for adults age ≥18 years and arthritis-attributable earnings losses among those ages 18-64 years who had ever worked. We calculated arthritis-attributable costs using multistage regression-based methods, and conducted sensitivity analyses to estimate costs for 2 other arthritis definitions in MEPS. In 2013, estimated total national arthritis-attributable medical expenditures were $139.8 billion (range $135.9-$157.5 billion). Across expenditure categories, ambulatory care expenditures accounted for nearly half of arthritis-attributable expenditures. All-cause expenditures among adults with arthritis represented 50% of the $1.2 trillion national medical expenditures among all US adults in MEPS. Estimated total national arthritis-attributable earning losses were $163.7 billion (range $163.7-$170.0 billion). The percentage with arthritis who worked in the past year was 7.2 percentage points lower than those without arthritis (76.8% [95% confidence interval (95% CI)] 75.0-78.6 and 84.0% [95% CI 82.5-85.5], respectively, adjusted for sociodemographics and chronic conditions). Total arthritis-attributable medical expenditures and earnings losses were $303.5 billion (range $303.5-$326.9 billion). Total national arthritis-attributable medical care expenditures and earnings losses among adults with arthritis were $303.5 billion in 2013. High arthritis-attributable medical expenditures might be reduced by greater efforts to reduce pain and improve function. The high earnings losses were largely attributable to the substantially lower prevalence of working among those with arthritis compared to those without, signaling the need for interventions that keep people with arthritis in the workforce. © 2017, American College of Rheumatology.

30 CFR 57.20010 - Retaining dams.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Retaining dams. 57.20010 Section 57.20010 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR METAL AND NONMETAL MINE....20010 Retaining dams. If failure of a water or silt retaining dam will create a hazard, it shall be of...

30 CFR 56.20010 - Retaining dams.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Retaining dams. 56.20010 Section 56.20010 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR METAL AND NONMETAL MINE... Retaining dams. If failure of a water or silt retaining dam will create a hazard, it shall be of substantial...

30 CFR 57.20010 - Retaining dams.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Retaining dams. 57.20010 Section 57.20010 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR METAL AND NONMETAL MINE....20010 Retaining dams. If failure of a water or silt retaining dam will create a hazard, it shall be of...

30 CFR 56.20010 - Retaining dams.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-07-01

... 30 Mineral Resources 1 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 false Retaining dams. 56.20010 Section 56.20010 Mineral Resources MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOR METAL AND NONMETAL MINE... Retaining dams. If failure of a water or silt retaining dam will create a hazard, it shall be of substantial...

Retaining African Americans in Higher Education: Challenging Paradigms for Retaining Students, Faculty and Administrators.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jones, Lee, Ed.

This collection discusses some of the issues surrounding the retention of African Americans in higher education, and it challenges traditional paradigms for retaining African American students, administrators, and faculty at predominantly White colleges. The chapters of part 1, "Retaining African-American Students," are: (1) "Creating an Affirming…

Estimates of Year-to-Year Volatility in Earnings and in Household Incomes from Administrative,Survey, and Matched Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Dahl, Molly; DeLeire, Thomas; Schwabish, Jonathan A.

2011-01-01

We document trends in the volatility in earnings and household incomes between 1985 and 2005 in three different data sources: administrative earnings records, the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) matched to administrative earnings records, and SIPP survey data. In all data sources, we find a substantial amount of year-to-year…

26 CFR 1.857-7 - Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a real estate investment... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.857-7 Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust. (a) Any real estate investment trust whether or not...

26 CFR 1.857-7 - Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a real estate investment... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.857-7 Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust. (a) Any real estate investment trust whether or not...

26 CFR 1.857-7 - Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a real estate investment... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.857-7 Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust. (a) Any real estate investment trust whether or not...

26 CFR 1.857-7 - Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a real estate investment... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.857-7 Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust. (a) Any real estate investment trust whether or not...

26 CFR 1.857-7 - Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 9 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Earnings and profits of a real estate investment... (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Real Estate Investment Trusts § 1.857-7 Earnings and profits of a real estate investment trust. (a) Any real estate investment trust whether or not such trust...

48 CFR 52.234-2 - Notice of Earned Value Management System-Pre-Award IBR.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... Management System-Pre-Award IBR. 52.234-2 Section 52.234-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Provisions and Clauses 52.234-2 Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR. As prescribed in 34.203(a) use the following provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR (JUL 2006...

48 CFR 52.234-2 - Notice of Earned Value Management System-Pre-Award IBR.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... Management System-Pre-Award IBR. 52.234-2 Section 52.234-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Provisions and Clauses 52.234-2 Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR. As prescribed in 34.203(a) use the following provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR (JUL 2006...

48 CFR 52.234-2 - Notice of Earned Value Management System-Pre-Award IBR.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... Management System-Pre-Award IBR. 52.234-2 Section 52.234-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Provisions and Clauses 52.234-2 Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR. As prescribed in 34.203(a) use the following provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR (JUL 2006...

48 CFR 52.234-2 - Notice of Earned Value Management System-Pre-Award IBR.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-10-01

... Management System-Pre-Award IBR. 52.234-2 Section 52.234-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Provisions and Clauses 52.234-2 Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR. As prescribed in 34.203(a) use the following provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR (JUL 2006...

48 CFR 52.234-2 - Notice of Earned Value Management System-Pre-Award IBR.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... Management System-Pre-Award IBR. 52.234-2 Section 52.234-2 Federal Acquisition Regulations System FEDERAL... Provisions and Clauses 52.234-2 Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR. As prescribed in 34.203(a) use the following provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award IBR (JUL 2006...

Sex differentials in the earnings of Ph.D.s.

PubMed

Ferber, M A; Kordick, B

1978-01-01

Using a survey of two cohorts of men and women who received Ph.D.s in the years 1958-63 and 1967-72, the authors test two hypotheses: (1) that the relatively lower earnings of highly educated women can be explained largely by their career interruptions and by their lesser willingness to accumulate human capital in anticipation of such interruptions, and (2) that the differential in earnings between men and women increases with age because of career interruptions and that the gap narrows once women reenter the labor force on a permanent basis The findings do not lend support to either of these hypotheses, leading the authors to reject the proposition that the lower rewards of women Ph.D.s are primarily caused by their own voluntary decisions.

Big Dreams, Serious Implications: How the DREAM Act can Help America Meet its Workforce Demands

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hermes, James

2008-01-01

This article describes how the Development, Relief and Education for Alien Minors (DREAM) Act will help undocumented students by: (1) establishing a path to legal status and eventually earn legal residency through two years of higher education or military service; and (2) repealing a provision of federal law that bars states from granting in-state…

25 CFR 20.308 - What does earned income include?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... SOCIAL SERVICES PROGRAMS Direct Assistance Determining Need and Income § 20.308 What does earned income... and entertainment expenses, personal transportation, capital equipment purchases, or principal payments on loans for capital assets or durable goods. ...

25 CFR 20.308 - What does earned income include?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... SOCIAL SERVICES PROGRAMS Direct Assistance Determining Need and Income § 20.308 What does earned income... and entertainment expenses, personal transportation, capital equipment purchases, or principal payments on loans for capital assets or durable goods. ...

26 CFR 1.312-6 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (Continued) Effects on Corporation § 1.312-6 Earnings and profits. (a) In determining the... income tax returns under subchapter E, chapter 1 of the Code, on the cash receipts and disbursements...

26 CFR 1.312-6 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Effects on Corporation § 1.312-6 Earnings and profits. (a) In determining the... income tax returns under subchapter E, chapter 1 of the Code, on the cash receipts and disbursements...

Bridging Social Capital and Individual Earnings: Evidence for an Inverted U.

PubMed

Growiec, Katarzyna; Growiec, Jakub

Based on data on a cross section of individuals surveyed in the 1999-2002 wave of World and European Values Surveys, we investigate the multilateral associations between bridging social capital, individuals' earnings, as well as social trust and employment status. Our analysis provides robust evidence that the relationship between bridging social capital and earnings is inverted-U shaped. We carry out a range of tests in order to ascertain that this result is not driven by regressor endogeneity or omitted variables bias. We also identify significant interaction effects between bridging social capital, social trust, and employment status.

Annual Earnings of Household Heads in Production Jobs, 1973. Summary: Special Labor Force Report.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Department of Labor, Washington, DC.

The statistics are based on a household survey, collected annually, and are related to one year's earnings experience of family heads and unrelated individuals. Data show that after-tax earnings for the 30 million persons surveyed rose in 1973 by 5.8 percent but fell 0.4 percent after adjustment for consumer price increases (real after-tax…

Economic consequences of workplace injuries and illnesses: lost earnings and benefit adequacy.

PubMed

Boden, L I; Galizzi, M

1999-11-01

This is the first study based on individual data to estimate earnings lost from virtually all reported workplace injuries and illnesses in a state. We estimated lost earnings from workplace injuries and illnesses occurring in Wisconsin in 1989-90, using workers' compensation data and 6 years of unemployment insurance wage data. We used regression techniques to estimate losses relative to a comparison group. The average present value of losses projected 10 years past the observed period is over $8,000 per injury. Women lose a greater proportion of their preinjury earnings than do men. Replacement of after-tax projected losses averages 64% for men and 50% for women. Overall, workers with compensated injuries and illnesses experienced discounted pre-tax losses projected to total over $530,000,000 (1994 dollars), with about 60% of after-tax losses replaced by workers' compensation. Generally, groups losing over eight weeks' work received workers' compensation benefits covering less than 40% of their losses. Copyright 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

Can "Some College" Help Reduce Future Earnings Inequality?

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gitterman, Daniel P.; Moulton, Jeremy G.; Bono-Lunn, Dillan; Chrisco, Laura

2015-01-01

This article addresses the policy debate over "college for all" versus "college for some" in the United States and analyzes the relationship between "some college" (as a formal education attainment category) and earnings. Our evidence confirms--using data from the American Community Survey (ACS), the Panel Study on…

Keyboarding Coursework and Employment, Earnings, and Educational Attainment.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hearn, James C.; And Others

1993-01-01

Survey data from 6,476 postsecondary students and 2,525 nonstudents were examined for postschool effects of student participation in typing and keyboarding coursework on employment, earnings, further education attainment, and related equity and cost-effectiveness issues. Results indicate significant positive effects on almost all aspects examined.…

Motivating Factors behind Latinas Earning a Baccalaureate Degree

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Arizaga Marron, Aryca

2014-01-01

Two concerns served the impetus for this study. Limited literature has created a research gap exploring why Latinas earn baccalaureate degrees from extended universities, and the community central to the study has been lagging behind state and national baccalaureate degree attainment. The researcher employed mixed-methods to describe motivating…

26 CFR 1.312-6 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Effects on Corporation § 1.312-6 Earnings and profits. (a) In determining the amount of... income, as the case may be). For instance, a corporation keeping its books and filing its income tax...

Procedures to Help Program Offices with Earned Value Management

EPA Pesticide Factsheets

EPA’s Earned Value Management (EVM) Procedures describe the Agency methods for collecting and reporting performance information on major IT investments. The EVM Procedures explain how EPA Program Offices are to receive, organize, analyze, and report cost.

Educated Mis-Employment in Hong Kong: Earnings Effects of Employment in Unmatched Fields of Work.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Chung, Yue-Ping

1990-01-01

Presents an empirical study on misemployment (the underutilization of worker's skills acquired through vocational education) in Hong Kong. Analyzes earnings functions of graduates from various educational fields and for workers employed in various fields. Misemployed graduates received lower earnings than their colleagues working in matched work…

Exploring the Wealth Returns to Latino Higher Educational Attainment: Estimates of Work-Life Earnings Profiles

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Robles, Barbara J.

2009-01-01

A significant research gap exists in our knowledge of how educational attainment affects wealth building and intergenerational wealth transfers among Latinos. Wealth includes earnings but is a much wider and more fundamental measure of economic mobility. The education-earnings-wealth relationship is explored by constructing estimates of social…

26 CFR 1.1348-2 - Computation of the fifty-percent maximum tax on earned income.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... earned income. 1.1348-2 Section 1.1348-2 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY (CONTINUED) INCOME TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES (CONTINUED) Other Limitations § 1.1348-2 Computation of the fifty-percent maximum tax on earned income. (a) Computation of tax for taxable years...

Policies to Reduce High-Tenured Displaced Workers' Earnings Losses through Retraining. Discussion Paper 2011-11

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Jacobson, Louis S.; LaLonde, Robert J.; Sullivan, Daniel G.

2011-01-01

High-tenured displaced workers often experience significant earnings losses that persist for the rest of their working lives. A well-targeted training initiative has the potential to substantially reduce permanent earnings losses for those displaced workers who have the academic preparation, work experience, and interest to complete high-return…

The Effect of the Social Security Earnings Test on Male Labor Supply: New Evidence from Survey and Administrative Data

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Haider, Steven J.; Loughran, David S.

2008-01-01

Despite numerous empirical studies, there is surprisingly little agreement about whether the Social Security earnings test affects male labor supply. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the labor supply effects of the earnings test using longitudinal administrative earnings data and more commonly used survey data. We find that…

26 CFR 1.312-9 - Adjustments to earnings and profits reflecting increase in value accrued before March 1, 1913.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Adjustments to earnings and profits reflecting... § 1.312-9 Adjustments to earnings and profits reflecting increase in value accrued before March 1..., that part of the earnings and profits which is represented by increase in value of property accrued...

Educators' Degrees Earned on Internet Raise Fraud Issues

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Trotter, Andrew

2004-01-01

This article discusses how the degrees earned by a dozen educators on the Internet have raised fraud issues. Small firms known as "credential evaluators" help states and school districts detect educators who present phony or flimsy academic credentials from overseas institutions--a safeguard that is becoming more important with the…

26 CFR 1.1502-33 - Earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

...-tier members and consolidating the group's earnings and profits in the common parent. References in... tax year beginning on or after January 1, 1995. The statement must be signed by the common parent, and... acquisition of either the assets of the common parent of the terminating group in a reorganization described...

20 CFR 660.100 - What is the purpose of title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 20 Employees' Benefits 3 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is the purpose of title I of the Workforce Investment Act of 1998? 660.100 Section 660.100 Employees' Benefits EMPLOYMENT AND TRAINING... workforce investment activities that increase the employment, retention and earnings of participants, and...

Households Eligible for a National Farmworker Program Under the Comprehensive Employment and Training Act of 1973.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Rowe, Gene; Smith, Leslie Whitener

The report contains data pertaining to the number and distribution of U.S. farm wageworkers and their dependents who were eligible in 1973 for the national farmworker program under the 1973 Comprehensive Employment and Training Act's (CETA) Title III, Section 303 (a). Information is given by migratory status, ethnic group, earning, and region.…

29 CFR 548.306 - Average earnings for year or quarter year preceding the current quarter.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-07-01

... PAY Interpretations Authorized Basic Rates § 548.306 Average earnings for year or quarter year... regular rates of pay during the current quarter year, and (ii) such average hourly remuneration during the... 29 Labor 3 2011-07-01 2011-07-01 false Average earnings for year or quarter year preceding the...

Marshall Space Flight Center In-House Earned Value System (EVS)

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Smith, Donnie

2004-01-01

The Earned Value System (EVS) is a project management budgeting and scheduling process for in-house project and institutional applications. This viewgraph presentation includes images of the system's computer interface.

Opting Out and Buying Out: Wives’ Earnings and Housework Time

PubMed Central

Killewald, Alexandra

2011-01-01

It has been proposed that the negative association between wives’ earnings and their time in housework is due to greater outsourcing of household labor by households with high-earning wives, but this hypothesis has not been tested directly. In a sample of dual-earner married couples in the Consumption and Activities Mail Survey of the Health and Retirement Study (N = 796), use of market substitutes for women’s housework was found to be only weakly associated with wives’ time cooking and cleaning. Furthermore, expenditures on market substitutes explain less than 15% of the earnings–housework time relationship. This suggests that use of market substitutes plays a smaller role in explaining variation in wives’ time in household labor than has previously been hypothesized. PMID:22053115

The feminization of foreign currency earnings: women's labor in Sri Lanka.

PubMed

Samarasinghe, V

1998-01-01

This paper considers women's participation in foreign currency earning activities in Sri Lanka. The author first analyzes the structure of women's participation patterns in the major foreign currency earning activities in the country, including consideration of their wage levels and the impact of ethnicity, age, educational levels, and skills upon the different components of those activities in which women participate. She then probes the applicability for Sri Lanka of Guy Standing's argument that structural adjustment policies (SAP) have triggered a change in labor force practices leading to a feminization through flexible labor. Many studies have shown that cutbacks in subsidies mandated by SAPs and initiated in the 1980s among developing countries have adversely affected poor women. Women have adjusted to the new situation in a variety of ways, ranging from cutting their household budgets for basic needs to seeking income-generating work in the informal sector and participating in labor-intensive manufacturing activities. In closing, the author assesses the degree to which the new demands made upon women resulting from the effect of SAPs upon their households have stimulated women's increasing participation in foreign currency earning activities.

The Motherhood Earnings Dip: Evidence from Administrative Records

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Fernandez-Kranz, Daniel; Lacuesta, Aitor; Rodriguez-Planas, Nuria

2013-01-01

Using Spanish Social Security records, we document the channels through which mothers fall onto a lower earnings track, such as shifting into part- time work, accumulating lower experience, or transitioning to lower-paying jobs, and are able to explain 71 percent of the unconditional individual fixed- effects motherhood wage gap. The earnings…

26 CFR 1.312-8 - Effect on earnings and profits of receipt of tax-free distributions requiring adjustment or...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Effect on earnings and profits of receipt of tax...) INCOME TAXES Effects on Corporation § 1.312-8 Effect on earnings and profits of receipt of tax-free... earnings and profits, where a corporation receives (after February 28, 1913) from a second corporation a...

26 CFR 1.312-8 - Effect on earnings and profits of receipt of tax-free distributions requiring adjustment or...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Effect on earnings and profits of receipt of tax...) INCOME TAXES Effects on Corporation § 1.312-8 Effect on earnings and profits of receipt of tax-free... earnings and profits, where a corporation receives (after February 28, 1913) from a second corporation a...

Agile software development in an earned value world: a survival guide

NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)

Kantor, Jeffrey; Long, Kevin; Becla, Jacek; Economou, Frossie; Gelman, Margaret; Juric, Mario; Lambert, Ron; Krughoff, Simon; Swinbank, John D.; Wu, Xiuqin

2016-08-01

Agile methodologies are current best practice in software development. They are favored for, among other reasons, preventing premature optimization by taking a somewhat short-term focus, and allowing frequent replans/reprioritizations of upcoming development work based on recent results and current backlog. At the same time, funding agencies prescribe earned value management accounting for large projects which, these days, inevitably include substantial software components. Earned Value approaches emphasize a more comprehensive and typically longer-range plan, and tend to characterize frequent replans and reprioritizations as indicative of problems. Here we describe the planning, execution and reporting framework used by the LSST Data Management team, that navigates these opposite tensions.

Earning Differences by Major Field of Study: Evidence from Three Cohorts of Recent Canadian Graduates.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Finnie, Ross; Frenette, Marc

2003-01-01

Analysis of earnings differences by major field of study of three cohorts of graduates (1982, 1986, 1990) with bachelors' degrees from Canadian postsecondary institutions. Finds that earnings differences are large and statistically significant. The patterns are relatively consistent for the three cohorts and for male and female graduates, 2 and 5…

26 CFR 1.911-3 - Determination of amount of foreign earned income to be excluded.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... income to be excluded. 1.911-3 Section 1.911-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF... Residents of United States § 1.911-3 Determination of amount of foreign earned income to be excluded. (a) Definition of foreign earned income. For purposes of section 911 and the regulations thereunder, the term...

26 CFR 1.1248-8 - Earnings and profits attributable to stock following certain non-recognition transactions.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... corporation immediately after the restructuring transaction, the earnings and profits attributable to the... 80% of the $100 of earnings and profits of CFC accumulated after the restructuring transaction... and profits of CFC accumulated after the restructuring transaction. (B) DC1 sale. Pursuant to...

Trends in Relative Earnings and Marital Dissolution: Are Wives Who Outearn Their Husbands Still More Likely to Divorce?

PubMed Central

SCHWARTZ, CHRISTINE R.; GONALONS-PONS, PILAR

2016-01-01

As women’s labor-force participation and earnings have grown, so has the likelihood that wives outearn their husbands. A common concern is that these couples may be at heightened risk of divorce. Yet with the rise of egalitarian marriage, wives’ relative earnings may be more weakly associated with divorce than in the past. We examine trends in the association between wives’ relative earnings and marital dissolution using data from the 1968–2009 Panel Study of Income Dynamics. We find that wives’ relative earnings were positively associated with the risk of divorce among couples married in the late 1960s and 1970s, and that this was especially true for wives who outearned their husbands, but this was no longer the case for couples married in the 1990s. Change was concentrated among middle-earning husbands and those without college degrees, a finding consistent with the economic squeeze of the middle class over this period. PMID:27635418

76 FR 40280 - Major System Acquisition; Earned Value Management

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-08

.... FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Carl Weber, NASA, Office of Procurement, Contract Management Division (Suite 5K80); (202) 358-1784; e-mail: [email protected] . SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: I. Background... external Earned Value Management Requirements. Response: The regulation in the NASA FAR Supplement, 1834...

Earnings and Financial Compensation from Social Security Systems Correlate Strongly with Disability for Multiple Sclerosis Patients.

PubMed

Kavaliunas, Andrius; Wiberg, Michael; Tinghög, Petter; Glaser, Anna; Gyllensten, Hanna; Alexanderson, Kristina; Hillert, Jan

2015-01-01

Multiple sclerosis (MS) patients earn lower incomes and receive higher benefits. However, there is limited knowledge of how this is correlated with their disability. To elucidate sources and levels of income among MS patients with different disability, assessed with the Expanded Disability Status Scale. A total of 7929 MS patients aged 21-64 years and living in Sweden in 2010 were identified for this cross-sectional study. Descriptive statistics, logistic and truncated linear regression models were used to estimate differences between MS patients regarding earnings, disability pension, sickness absence, disability allowance, unemployment compensation, and social assistance. The average level of earnings was ten times lower and the average level of health- related benefits was four times higher when comparing MS patients with severe and mild disability. MS patients with severe disability had on average SEK 166,931 less annual income from earnings and SEK 54,534 more income from benefits compared to those with mild disability. The combined average income for MS patients was 35% lower when comparing patients in the same groups. The adjusted risk ratio for having earnings among MS patients with severe disability compared to the patients with mild disability was 0.33 (95% CI 0.29-0.39), while the risk ratio for having benefits was 1.93 (95% CI 1.90-1.94). Disease progression affects the financial situation of MS patients considerably. Correlations between higher disability and patient income were observed, suggesting that earnings and benefits could be used as measures of MS progression and proxies of disability.

26 CFR 1.959-3 - Allocation of distributions to earnings and profits of foreign corporations.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... profits of foreign corporations. 1.959-3 Section 1.959-3 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE... Corporations § 1.959-3 Allocation of distributions to earnings and profits of foreign corporations. (a) In general. For purposes of §§ 1.959-1 and 1.959-2, the source of the earnings and profits from which...

26 CFR 1.1402(a)-3 - Special rules for computing net earnings from self-employment.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 12 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Special rules for computing net earnings from....1402(a)-3 Special rules for computing net earnings from self-employment. For the purpose of computing... by a partnership of which he is a member shall be computed in accordance with the special rules set...

The Percentage of Supported Employees with Significant Disabilities Who Would Earn More in Sheltered Workshops

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Cimera, Robert Evert

2017-01-01

This study examined the percentage of 21,257 supported employees served by 74 state-federal vocational rehabilitation agencies in 2013 who would have earned more wages in sheltered workshops than in the community. It found that the overwhelming majority of supported employees earned more in their communities at all wage comparison points; however,…

Stainless hooks to bond lower lingual retainer.

PubMed

Durgekar, Sujala G; Nagaraj, K

2011-01-01

We introduced a simple and economical technique for precise placement of lower lingual retainers. Two stainless steel hooks made of 0.6mm wire are placed interdentally in the embrasure area between canine and lateral incisor bilaterally to lock the retainer wire in the correct position. Etch, rinse and dry the enamel surfaces with the retainer passively in place, then bond the retainer with light-cured adhesive. Hooks are simple to fabricate and eliminate the need for a transfer tray.

75 FR 4140 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-01-26

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION... Tax Credit Project Committee will be conducted. The Taxpayer Advocacy Panel is soliciting public... Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Wednesday, February 24, 2010, at 1 p...

The Persistence of Gender Earnings Inequality in Taiwan, 1978-1992.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Zveglich, Joseph E., Jr.; And Others

1997-01-01

Despite rapid structural change in Taiwan, the gender earnings ratio between 1978-82 remained at 65%. Women's relative gains in education and experience were apparently offset by an increase in wage discrimination. (SK)

26 CFR 1.960-1 - Foreign tax credit with respect to taxes paid on earnings and profits of controlled foreign...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... on earnings and profits of controlled foreign corporations. 1.960-1 Section 1.960-1 Internal Revenue... earnings and profits of controlled foreign corporations. (a) Scope of regulations under section 960. This... to a first-, second-, or third-tier corporation's earnings and profits. Section 1.960-2 prescribes...

The Earnings of Dropouts and High School Enrollments: Evidence from the Coal Boom and Bust.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Black, Dan; Daniel, Kermit; Sanders, Seth

Economic theory suggests that when the reduction in earnings from dropping out of school is minimal, dropout rates will be high. As earnings loss for dropouts grows, however, the dropout rate should decrease. This chapter examines whether these predicted effects actually occur by looking at changes in dropout rates in Kentucky in the 1970s and…

75 FR 47349 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-08-05

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Wednesday, September 22, 2010, at 1 p.m. Eastern Time...

Education and Earnings: Empirical Findings from Alternative Operationalizations.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Kominski, Robert

Data from the third-wave interview of the 1984 panel of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) are used to assess the empirical impact of a SIPP item concerning educational attainment on the regression of earnings on educational attainment. The SIPP is a longitudinal survey conducted by the United States Census Bureau to measure…

Helping Working Families: The Earned Income Tax Credit.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hoffman, Saul D.; Seidman, Laurence S.

The impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) on working families was analyzed. The analysis established that the EITC is, on balance, a highly effective program that meets its primary objectives well. The following benefits of the EITC were identified: (1) it reduced the poverty rate in 1999 by an estimated 1.5 percentage points; (2) it is…

Education and the Earnings of Poverty-Area Residents.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Danziger, Sheldon

This paper employs data from the Census Employment Survey (CES) to analyze the effect of education on the earnings of poverty-area residents. Section I compares the definitions of the poverty area used by this survey with that of the Survey of Economic Opportunity (SEO). Section II examines their implications for truncation bias. In Section III,…

Earnings among Young and Mature Danish University Graduates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Klausen, Trond Beldo

2016-01-01

This paper studies the association between graduation age and earnings among university graduates in Denmark, which is a country with one of the oldest student populations in the world. Exploiting a rich data-set from administrative registers, the current study is able to track labour market career for a longer period of time and to control for…

26 CFR 1.902-2 - Treatment of deficits in post-1986 undistributed earnings and pre-1987 accumulated profits of a...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... earnings and pre-1987 accumulated profits of a first- or lower-tier corporation for purposes of computing... earnings and pre-1987 accumulated profits of a first- or lower-tier corporation for purposes of computing... would be a dividend if there were current or accumulated earnings and profits, then the post-1986...

26 CFR 1.902-2 - Treatment of deficits in post-1986 undistributed earnings and pre-1987 accumulated profits of a...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... earnings and pre-1987 accumulated profits of a first- or lower-tier corporation for purposes of computing... undistributed earnings and pre-1987 accumulated profits of a first- or lower-tier corporation for purposes of... would be a dividend if there were current or accumulated earnings and profits, then the post-1986...

The retained templates as "helpers" for the spherical meso-silica in adsorption of heavy metals and impacts of solution chemistry.

PubMed

Liang, Zhijie; Shi, Wenxin; Zhao, Zhiwei; Sun, Tianyi; Cui, Fuyi

2017-06-15

The spherical mesoporous silica (meso-silica) MCM-41 and those with different dosage of the retained templates were prepared and characterized. Particularly, effects of the retained template and its dosage on the adsorption of typical heavy metals (Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ ) in the synthesized materials were investigated. The results indicated that the retained templates acted as "helpers" for the adsorption of Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ in the spherical meso-silica MCM-41, and the maximum adsorption capacities (Q max ) increased with the increase of the retained template dosage. The interaction between the metal ions and the cationic heads of the templates contributed to the enhancement effect due to the anions (Cl - and OH - ) electronically adsorbed on the interface of the template micelles. Additionally, the presented results indicated that the adsorption of Cu 2+ and Cd 2+ depended on pH and high ion strength of the solution but not on the coexisted humic acid. Copyright © 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

78 FR 43258 - Privacy Act; System of Records: Human Resources Records, State-31

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2013-07-19

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 8384] Privacy Act; System of Records: Human Resources Records... system of records, Human Resources Records, State- 31, pursuant to the provisions of the Privacy Act of... State proposes that the current system will retain the name ``Human Resources Records'' (previously...

How did the Elimination of the Earnings Test above the Normal Retirement Age affect Retirement Expectations?1

PubMed Central

Michaud, Pierre-Carl

2010-01-01

We look at the effect of the 2000 repeal of the earnings test above the normal retirement age on retirement expectations of workers in the Health and Retirement Study, aged 51 to 61 in 1992. For men, we find that those whose marginal wage rate increased when the earnings test was repealed, had the largest increase in the probability to work full-time past normal retirement age. We do not find significant evidence of effects of the repeal of the earnings test on the probability to work past age 62 or the expected claiming age. On the other hand, for those reaching the normal retirement age, deviations between the age at which Social Security benefits are actually claimed and the previously reported expected age are more negative in 2000 than in 1998. Since our calculations show that the tax introduced by the earnings test was small when accounting for actuarial benefit adjustments and differential mortality, our results suggest that although male workers form expectations in a way consistent with forward-looking behavior, they misperceive the complicated rules of the earnings test. Results for females suggest similar patterns but estimates are imprecise. PMID:21037938

25 CFR 1200.4 - May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and retain the protections of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and retain the protections of Federal trust status? 1200.4 Section 1200.4 Indians OFFICE OF THE... REFORM ACT General Provisions § 1200.4 May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and...

25 CFR 1200.4 - May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and retain the protections of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and retain the protections of Federal trust status? 1200.4 Section 1200.4 Indians OFFICE OF THE... REFORM ACT General Provisions § 1200.4 May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and...

25 CFR 1200.4 - May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and retain the protections of...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 25 Indians 2 2014-04-01 2014-04-01 false May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and retain the protections of Federal trust status? 1200.4 Section 1200.4 Indians OFFICE OF THE... REFORM ACT General Provisions § 1200.4 May tribes exercise increased direction over their trust funds and...

26 CFR 1.367(b)-7 - Carryover of earnings and profits and foreign income taxes in certain foreign-to-foreign...

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 4 2011-04-01 2011-04-01 false Carryover of earnings and profits and foreign...) INCOME TAXES Effects on Corporation § 1.367(b)-7 Carryover of earnings and profits and foreign income... transaction). This section describes the manner and extent to which earnings and profits and foreign income...

Is the Gap More than Gender? A Longitudinal Analysis of Gender, Gender Role Orientation, and Earnings

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Judge, Timothy A.; Livingston, Beth A.

2008-01-01

This study investigated the relationships among gender, gender role orientation (i.e., attitudes toward the gendered separation of roles at work and at home), and earnings. A multilevel model was conceptualized in which gender role orientation and earnings were within-individual variables that fluctuate over time (although predictors of…

48 CFR 352.234-1 - Notice of earned value management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-1 Section 352.234-1 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-1 Notice of earned value management system—pre-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) The...

48 CFR 352.234-2 - Notice of earned value management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-2 Section 352.234-2 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-2 Notice of earned value management system—post-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Post-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) (a...

48 CFR 352.234-2 - Notice of earned value management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-2 Section 352.234-2 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-2 Notice of earned value management system—post-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Post-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) (a...

48 CFR 352.234-2 - Notice of earned value management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-10-01

... management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-2 Section 352.234-2 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-2 Notice of earned value management system—post-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Post-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) (a...

48 CFR 352.234-1 - Notice of earned value management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-10-01

... management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-1 Section 352.234-1 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-1 Notice of earned value management system—pre-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) The...

48 CFR 352.234-1 - Notice of earned value management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-1 Section 352.234-1 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-1 Notice of earned value management system—pre-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) The...

48 CFR 352.234-2 - Notice of earned value management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-10-01

... management system-post-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-2 Section 352.234-2 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-2 Notice of earned value management system—post-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Post-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) (a...

48 CFR 352.234-1 - Notice of earned value management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-10-01

... management system-pre-award Integrated Baseline Review. 352.234-1 Section 352.234-1 Federal Acquisition... Texts of Provisions and Clauses 352.234-1 Notice of earned value management system—pre-award Integrated... provision: Notice of Earned Value Management System—Pre-Award Integrated Baseline Review (October 2008) The...

75 FR 55406 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-09-10

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Wednesday, October 27, 2010, at 1:00 p.m. Eastern Time...

75 FR 62632 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-10-12

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Wednesday, November 24, 2010, at 1 p.m. Eastern Time via...

76 FR 37199 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-06-24

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Monday, August 22, 2011, at 3 p.m. Eastern Time via...

75 FR 39333 - Open Meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2010-07-08

... Earned Income Tax Credit Project Committee AGENCY: Internal Revenue Service (IRS), Treasury. ACTION: Notice of meeting. SUMMARY: An open meeting of the Taxpayer Advocacy Panel Earned Income Tax Credit... Income Tax Credit Project Committee will be held Wednesday, August 25, 2010, at 1 p.m. Eastern Time via...

26 CFR 1.996-3 - Divisions of earnings and profits.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... TAX (CONTINUED) INCOME TAXES Domestic International Sales Corporations § 1.996-3 Divisions of earnings... dividend of $35, i.e., one-half of R's taxable income of $70. The tax consequences of these facts to X and...

Age, education, and earnings in the course of Brazilian development: does composition matter?

PubMed Central

de Lima Amaral, Ernesto Friedrich; Potter, Joseph E.; Hamermesh, Daniel S.; Rios-Neto, Eduardo Luiz Goncalves

2015-01-01

BACKGROUND The impacts of shifts in the age distribution of the working-age population have been studied in relation to the effect of the baby boom generation on the earnings of different cohorts in the U.S. However, this topic has received little attention in the context of the countries of Asia and Latin America, which are now experiencing substantial shifts in their age-education distributions. OBJECTIVE In this analysis, we estimate the impact of the changing relative size of the adult male population, classified by age and education groups, on the earnings of employed men living in 502 Brazilian local labor markets during four time periods between 1970 and 2000. METHODS Taking advantage of the huge variation across Brazilian local labor markets and demographic census micro-data, we used fixed effects models to demonstrate that age education group size depresses earnings. RESULTS These effects are more detrimental among age-education groups with higher education, but they are becoming less negative over time. The decrease in the share of workers with the lowest level of education has not led to gains in the earnings of these workers in recent years. CONCLUSIONS These trends might be a consequence of technological shifts and increasing demand for labor with either education or experience. Compositional shifts are influential, which suggests that this approach could prove useful in studying this central problem in economic development. PMID:26146484

An Inquiry into the Relationship between Projected Changes in Earnings per Share and Subsequent Security Performance.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Barbee, William C., Jr.

The purpose of this study was to examine the variable of estimated earnings in order to determine how forecasts might be utilized to develop a securities portfolio strategy. The hypothesis stated that there is an inverse relationship between projected change in earnings per share and security performance. Ninety-one New York Stock Exchange…

Students' Expectations about Earnings and Employment and the Experience of Recent University Graduates: Evidence from Cyprus

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Menon, Maria Eliophotou; Pashourtidou, Nicoletta; Polycarpou, Alexandros; Pashardes, Panos

2012-01-01

The employability of university graduates constitutes a major policy concern in both developed and developing nations. In this context, the present study uses self-reported data to compare the earnings and employment expectations of university students, and the realised earnings and employment paths of recent graduates. The sample consisted of 476…

Exploring the Alignment between Post-Secondary Education Programs and Earnings: An Examination of 2005 Ontario Graduates

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Frank, Kristyn; Walters, David

2012-01-01

This study examines the influence that field of study and level of post-secondary education have on the earnings of recent graduates in Ontario. Graduates of trades, community college, and university programs are compared. Results suggest that graduates of applied and technical programs obtain higher earnings within two years of graduation than…

A retained menstrual cup.

PubMed

Day, S

2012-05-01

A 20-year-old woman attended a genitourinary clinic with a retained vaginal Mooncup that she had inserted the night before. A Mooncup is one type of menstrual cup. On speculum examination the device was visualized high in the vagina and the cervix appeared firmly lodged within it. The physician experienced difficulty in retrieving the cup despite following product instructions. This case highlights a new adverse event with an increasingly used sanitation product. It is important that clinicians are familiar with the cup, its removal process and are able to counsel patients with retained devices on future correct placement.

9 CFR 441.10 - Retained water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-01-01

... be permitted to retain water resulting from post-evisceration processing unless the establishment... that retain water from post-evisceration processing and that are sold, transported, offered for sale or... the establishment. Any post-evisceration washing or chilling processes that affect water retention...

9 CFR 441.10 - Retained water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-01-01

... be permitted to retain water resulting from post-evisceration processing unless the establishment... that retain water from post-evisceration processing and that are sold, transported, offered for sale or... the establishment. Any post-evisceration washing or chilling processes that affect water retention...

9 CFR 441.10 - Retained water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-01-01

... be permitted to retain water resulting from post-evisceration processing unless the establishment... that retain water from post-evisceration processing and that are sold, transported, offered for sale or... the establishment. Any post-evisceration washing or chilling processes that affect water retention...

9 CFR 441.10 - Retained water.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-01-01

... be permitted to retain water resulting from post-evisceration processing unless the establishment... that retain water from post-evisceration processing and that are sold, transported, offered for sale or... the establishment. Any post-evisceration washing or chilling processes that affect water retention...

76 FR 39466 - Privacy Act; System of Records Notice: State-26, Passport Records

Federal Register 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014

2011-07-06

... DEPARTMENT OF STATE [Public Notice 7516] Privacy Act; System of Records Notice: State-26, Passport... of records, Passport Records, State-26, pursuant to the provisions of the Privacy Act of 1974, as... the current system will retain the name ``Passport Records.'' It is also proposed that the amended...

The Influence of the Status and Sex Composition of Occupations on the Male-Female Earnings Gap

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Gunderson, Morley

1978-01-01

Reports a study of alternative theories of sex discrimination which imply ambiguous predictions about the relation between the male/female earnings ratio and the status and sex composition of the occupation. Notes that about one-half of the earnings gap between the sexes can be attributed to direct discrimination in the labor market, with…

26 CFR 1.1502-43 - Consolidated accumulated earnings tax.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... consolidated Federal income tax return due (without extensions) on or after December 21, 2009. However, a consolidated group may apply this section to any consolidated Federal income tax return filed on or after... 26 Internal Revenue 12 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false Consolidated accumulated earnings tax. 1.1502...

Earned print media in advancing tobacco control in Himachal Pradesh, India: a descriptive study.

PubMed

Sharma, Renu; Shewade, Hemant Deepak; Gopalan, Balasubramaniam; Badrel, Ramesh Kumar; Rana, Jugdeep Singh

2017-01-01

The Union-Bloomberg Initiative tobacco control projects were implemented in Himachal Pradesh (a hilly state in North India) from 2007 to 2014. The project focused on the establishment of an administrative framework; increasing the capacity of stakeholders; enforcement of legislation; coalition and networking with multiple stakeholders; awareness generation with focus on earned media and monitoring and evaluation with policy-focussed research. This study aimed to systematically analyse all earned print news items related to the projects. In this cross-sectional descriptive study, quantitative content analysis of earned print news items was carried out using predetermined codes related to areas of tobacco control policies. We also carried out a cost description of the hypothetical value of this earned media. The area of the news item in cm 2 was multiplied by the average rate of space for the paid news item in that particular newspaper. There were 6348 news items: the numbers steadily increased with time. Focus on Monitoring tobacco use, Protecting people from tobacco smoke, Offering help to quit, Warning about dangers of tobacco, Enforcing a ban on tobacco advertising and promotion, Raising tax on tobacco products was seen in 24, 17, 9, 23, 22 and 3% of news items, respectively. Press releases were highest at 44% and report by correspondents at 24%. Further, 55, 23 and 21% news items focused on smoking, smokeless and both forms of tobacco use, respectively. Sixty-six per cent and 34% news items, respectively, were focused on youth and women. The news items had a hypothetical value of US$1503 628.3, which was three times more than the funds spent on all project activities. In the absence of funding for paid media, the project strategically used earned media to promote tobacco control policies in the state.

Earned print media in advancing tobacco control in Himachal Pradesh, India: a descriptive study

PubMed Central

Sharma, Renu; Shewade, Hemant Deepak; Gopalan, Balasubramaniam; Badrel, Ramesh Kumar; Rana, Jugdeep Singh

2017-01-01

Background The Union-Bloomberg Initiative tobacco control projects were implemented in Himachal Pradesh (a hilly state in North India) from 2007 to 2014. The project focused on the establishment of an administrative framework; increasing the capacity of stakeholders; enforcement of legislation; coalition and networking with multiple stakeholders; awareness generation with focus on earned media and monitoring and evaluation with policy-focussed research. This study aimed to systematically analyse all earned print news items related to the projects. Methods In this cross-sectional descriptive study, quantitative content analysis of earned print news items was carried out using predetermined codes related to areas of tobacco control policies. We also carried out a cost description of the hypothetical value of this earned media. The area of the news item in cm2 was multiplied by the average rate of space for the paid news item in that particular newspaper. Results There were 6348 news items: the numbers steadily increased with time. Focus on Monitoring tobacco use, Protecting people from tobacco smoke, Offering help to quit, Warning about dangers of tobacco, Enforcing a ban on tobacco advertising and promotion, Raising tax on tobacco products was seen in 24, 17, 9, 23, 22 and 3% of news items, respectively. Press releases were highest at 44% and report by correspondents at 24%. Further, 55, 23 and 21% news items focused on smoking, smokeless and both forms of tobacco use, respectively. Sixty-six per cent and 34% news items, respectively, were focused on youth and women. The news items had a hypothetical value of US$1503 628.3, which was three times more than the funds spent on all project activities. Conclusions In the absence of funding for paid media, the project strategically used earned media to promote tobacco control policies in the state. PMID:28589021

25 CFR 115.712 - What is the interest rate earned on money in a trust account?

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... 25 Indians 1 2010-04-01 2010-04-01 false What is the interest rate earned on money in a trust... and Interests § 115.712 What is the interest rate earned on money in a trust account? The rate of interest on a trust account changes based on how the money is invested and how those investments perform. ...

Earnings and Income Volatility in America: Evidence from Matched CPS. Discussion Paper Series. DP 2010-05

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Ziliak, James P.; Hardy, Bradley; Bollinger, Christopher

2010-01-01

In this paper we offer new evidence on earnings and income volatility in the United States over the past four decades by using matched data from the March Current Population Survey. We find that between 1973 and 2008 family income volatility rose by 38 percent, primarily as a result of higher volatility of husbands earnings and non means-tested…

The Consequences of Age at First Childbirth: Labor Force Participation and Earnings. Working Paper: 1146-04.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Hofferth, Sandra L.; And Others

The primary focus of this paper is on the impact an early birth has on later labor force participation and earnings of women. Variables affecting the participation of women in a given year and factors affecting the total work experience are discussed in detail. These include: hours worked, annual earnings, hourly wages, occupational status, race,…

Schooling, Literacy and Individual Earnings. International Adult Literacy Survey.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Osberg, Lars

This paper uses direct measures of literacy skill levels provided by the International Adult Literacy Survey to estimate the return to literacy skills. Using a very simple human capital earnings equation and standard ordinary least squares regression, it tested estimates of the return to literacy skills for their robustness to alternative scalings…

How Money Matters: College, Motherhood, Earnings, and Wives' Housework

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Usdansky, Margaret L.; Parker, Wendy M.

2011-01-01

Using new data from the American Time Use Survey (ATUS), the authors consider how educational and parental status influence the relationship between wives' relative earnings and the time they devote to housework in a climate of heightened gender egalitarianism and growing similarity between women's and men's time use. The authors capitalize on the…

Explaining Gender Differences in Earnings in the Microenterprise Sector.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sanchez, Susana M.; Pagan, Jose A.

Chapter 5 in "The Economics of Gender in Mexico," presents a study analyzed male-female differences in earnings in rural and urban microenterprises in Mexico. Data were gathered from surveys of 1,944 households in 54 rural communities and 11,461 microenterprise owners in 34 urban areas. Findings indicate that female-headed…

The Theory of Human Capital and the Earnings of Women: A Re-examination of the Evidence. Revised.

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Sandell, Steven H.; Shapiro, David

This paper discusses specification and interpretation of human capital models of women's earnings when data on actual work experience are available. It uses the segmented earnings function framework developed by Jacob Mincer and Solomon Polachek and considers the effects of data errors, issues involving data interpretation, consequences of model…

Earned Value Management (EVM) Implementation Handbook

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

2013-01-01

The purpose of this handbook is to provide Earned Value Management (EVM) guidance for the effective application, implementation, and utilization of EVM on NASA programs, projects, major contracts and subcontracts in a consolidated reference document. EVM is a project management process that effectively integrates a project s scope of work with schedule and cost elements for optimum project planning and control. The goal is to achieve timely and accurate quantification of progress that will facilitate management by exception and enable early visibility into the nature and the magnitude of technical problems as well as the intended course and success of corrective actions.

Earned Value Management (EVM) Implementation Handbook

NASA Technical Reports Server (NTRS)

Terrell, Stefanie M.; Richards, Brad W.

2018-01-01

The purpose of this handbook is to provide Earned Value Management (EVM) guidance for the effective application, implementation, and utilization of EVM on NASA programs, projects, major contracts and subcontracts in a consolidated reference document. EVM is a project management process that effectively integrates a project?s scope of work with schedule and cost elements for optimum project planning and control. The goal is to achieve timely and accurate quantification of progress that will facilitate management by exception and enable early visibility into the nature and the magnitude of technical problems as well as the intended course and success of corrective actions.

The College Payoff: Education, Occupations, Lifetime Earnings. Executive Summary

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

Carnevale, Anthony P.; Rose, Stephen J.; Cheah, Ban

2011-01-01

Education and earnings interact in complex and often unexpected ways--but there are rules to the game. "The College Payoff," a new paper from the Georgetown University Center on Education and the Workforce, uses in-depth data analysis to identify, illuminate and elucidate those rules. This executive summary provides a glimpse of the education and…

20 CFR 404.428 - Earnings in a taxable year.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2010 CFR

2010-04-01

... satisfaction that you have a different taxable year. If you are self-employed, your taxable year is a calendar year unless you have a different taxable year for the purposes of subtitle A of the Internal Revenue... rule that applies to the earnings of a beneficiary who attains full retirement age (as described in...

26 CFR 1.56(g)-1 - Adjusted current earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2014 CFR

2014-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2014-04-01 2013-04-01 true Adjusted current earnings. 1.56(g)-1 Section 1.56(g)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES Regulations Applicable to Taxable Years Beginning in 1969 and Ending in 1970 § 1.56(g)-1 Adjusted current...

26 CFR 1.56(g)-1 - Adjusted current earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2012 CFR

2012-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2012-04-01 2012-04-01 false Adjusted current earnings. 1.56(g)-1 Section 1.56(g)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES Regulations Applicable to Taxable Years Beginning in 1969 and Ending in 1970 § 1.56(g)-1 Adjusted current...

26 CFR 1.56(g)-1 - Adjusted current earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2011 CFR

2011-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2011-04-01 2009-04-01 true Adjusted current earnings. 1.56(g)-1 Section 1.56(g)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES Regulations Applicable to Taxable Years Beginning in 1969 and Ending in 1970 § 1.56(g)-1 Adjusted current...

26 CFR 1.56(g)-1 - Adjusted current earnings.

Code of Federal Regulations, 2013 CFR

2013-04-01

... 26 Internal Revenue 1 2013-04-01 2013-04-01 false Adjusted current earnings. 1.56(g)-1 Section 1.56(g)-1 Internal Revenue INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE, DEPARTMENT OF THE TREASURY INCOME TAX INCOME TAXES Regulations Applicable to Taxable Years Beginning in 1969 and Ending in 1970 § 1.56(g)-1 Adjusted current...

Modification of Perseverative Responding that Increased Earnings but Impeded Skill Acquisition in a Job-Skills Training Program

ERIC Educational Resources Information Center

DeFulio, Anthony; Iati, Carina; Needham, Mick; Silverman, Kenneth

2009-01-01

Adults in a therapeutic workplace working on a computerized keyboarding training program earned vouchers for typing correct characters. Typing technique was evaluated on review steps. Participants could pass the review and earn a bonus, or skip the review and proceed with no bonus. Alternatively, participants could continue practicing on the same…